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last winter
My parents paved the driveway and built their home many, many winters ago. This point of view is from their driveway, of an out of frame home.
Recently, my parents moved to Atlanta, Georgia. It does not snow much in Hotlanta.
I wonder if they will miss the snow, and walks down ice-covered driveway, while remembering last winter.
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None of my images may be downloaded, copied, reproduced, manipulated or used on websites, blogs or other media without my explicit written permission.
A flower seller taking an afternoon nap on a railway platform.
On a railway platform near Calcutta ( Kolkata ) in the state of West Bengal in India.
Captured with mobile Huawei Honor 5C.
Manual Exposure Settings.
Exif :
ISO 50
SHUTTER SPEED 1/166
APERTURE f/2
Focal Length 4mm. ( 27 mm equivalent to full frame )
No post processing.
Our dog has been going crazy all morning looking for something on the roof as she heard a noise up there. I got the ladder out to check what's on the roof it was a possum waiting to get to the safety of its tree.
A few porters waiting to transfer the potatoes bag to other platform over rail line after the local train passes by.
On a railway platform near Calcutta ( Kolkata ) in the state of West Bengal in India.
Captured with mobile Huawei Honor 5C.
Manual Exposure Settings.
Exif :
ISO 64
SHUTTER SPEED 1/50
APERTURE f/2
Focal Length 4mm. ( 27 mm equivalent to full frame )
No post processing.
Today, April 22 marks the 42nd anniversary of Earth Day, a day intended to inspire awareness and promote appreciation for the Earth's natural environment. Let us do our part however small it may be !!!
Green is the colour of life !!!
These tiny cute flowers are blooming all over the ground in my garden, a wonderful sight to behold !!
சீராருந் தெய்வத் திருவருளாம் பூமிமுதல்
பாராதி யாண்ட பதியே பராபரமே !!!
தாயுமானவர் பராபரக்கண்ணி
This photo is captured by my Samsung mobile On7.
Celestine Spring is one of the most beautiful hot springs in the Fountain Paint Pot area. No documentation exists of how this spring was named - but its blue color does seem to match the deep azure of the sky.
The science of colors of a hot spring:
[ ttps://www.britannica.com/science/hot-spring]
Many of the colours in hot springs are caused by thermophilic (heat-loving) microorganisms, which include certain types of bacteria, such as cyanobacteria, and species of archaea and algae. Many thermophilic organisms grow in huge colonies called mats that form the colourful scums and slimes on the sides of hot springs. The microorganisms that grow in hot springs derive their energy from various chemicals and metals; potential energy sources include molecular hydrogen, dissolved sulfides, methane, iron, ammonia, and arsenic. In addition to geochemistry, the temperature and pH of hot springs play a central role in determining which organisms inhabit them.
Examples of thermophilic microorganisms found in hot springs include bacteria in the genera Sulfolobus, which can grow at temperatures of up to 90 °C (194 °F), Hydrogenobacter, which grow optimally at temperatures of 85 °C (185 °F), and Thermocrinis, which grow optimally at temperatures of 80 °C (176 °F). Thermophilic algae in hot springs are most abundant at temperatures of 55 °C (131 °F) or below.
Fountain Paint Pot Trail, Yellowstone National Park, USA:
Map (link):
[ www.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=https://4.bp.blogspot.com/... and Spasm Geysers, Fountain Paint Pot trail, Yellowstone National Park images&ved=0ahUKEwjkgubQv8XeAhUC3Y8KHaFRCQ8QMwhNKBowGg&iact=mrc&uact=8 ]
This part of Lower Geyser Basin seen from a half-mile trail has all four of the hydrothermal features found in the park:
Clepsydra Geyser is a geyser in the Lower Geyser Basin of Yellowstone National Park. Clepsydra plays nearly continuously to heights of 45 feet. The name Clepsydra is derived from the Greek word for water clock. Prior to the 1959 Hebgen Lake earthquake, it erupted regularly every three minutes.
Yellowstone National Park has several hydrothermal areas, so what makes the Fountain Paint Pot Area worth visiting? For starters, this part of Lower Geyser Basin has all four of the hydrothermal features found in the park (mudpots, geysers, hot springs, and fumaroles) and you can see them all from a compact half-mile long boardwalk loop. While none of the many Fountain Paint Pot Area geysers are as famous as Old Faithful, they erupt so frequently that you are almost guaranteed a great show on your short hike. Since the walkway passes all four of Yellowstone’s hydrothermal formations, the hike comes with a guaranteed lesson in hydrothermal volcanism.
Hiking the loop in a clockwise direction, you will first pass through a forest of lodgepole pine snags that were drowned and left lifeless by the surrounding hot springs. As you approach the northwest end of the loop, you will spot a lively collection of geysers. Clepsydra Geyser, Fountain Geyser, Jelly Geyser, Jet Geyser, Morning Geyser, Spasm Geyser, and Twig Geyser erupt with various levels of regularity.
As you progress around the walkway toward the northeast corner, you will pass Red Spouter, which behaves like a fumarole, a hot spring, and a mudpot throughout the year. It is like a hot spring in the winter, a muddy reddish pool in the spring and a steaming fumarole in the drier summer and fall. Wrapping down the east side of the boardwalk, you will pass Leather Pool and a slope of fumaroles. These gaps in the surface whistle and hiss as gasses and steam escape from the ground. Just below the fumaroles, where a little more water is present, the trail circles Fountain Paint Pot. These mudpots bubble and pop as globs of mud springs from the surface like miniature trapeze artists.
Continuing downhill, the hydrothermal features become even wetter as you arrive at Silex Spring. Look down into the small blue pool rimmed with white silica. Water spills over the sides of the spring creating an orange-colored surface covered in rippling runoff. These colors are created by thermophiles, heat-loving microorganisms that live in Yellowstone’s hot springs.
( www.hikespeak.com/trails/fountain-paint-pot-trail-yellows... )
Geothermal features of Yellowstone NP- A brief note:
There are four geothermal features found in the park – Hot springs, Geysers, Fumaroles , and Mud volcanoes/pots.
What is a Hot spring?
Hot spring, also called thermal spring, spring with water at temperatures substantially higher than the air temperature of the surrounding region. Most hot springs discharge groundwater that is heated by shallow intrusions of magma (molten rock) in volcanic areas.
Some thermal springs, however, are not related to volcanic activity. In general, the temperature of rocks within the earth increases with depth. The rate of temperature increase with depth is known as the geothermal gradient. In such cases, the water is heated by convective circulation: groundwater percolating downward reaches depths of a kilometre or more where the temperature of rocks is high because of the normal temperature gradient of the Earth’s crust—about 30 °C / kilometer in the first 10 km. The water from hot springs in non-volcanic areas is heated in this manner.
But in active volcanic zones such as Yellowstone National Park, water may be heated by coming into contact with magma (molten rock). The high temperature gradient near magma may cause water to be heated enough that it boils or becomes superheated. If the water becomes so hot that it builds steam pressure and erupts in a jet above the surface of the Earth, it is called a geyser.
[ Warm springs are sometimes the result of hot and cold springs mixing. They may occur within a volcanic area or outside of one. One example of a non-volcanic warm spring is Warm Springs, Georgia (frequented for its therapeutic effects by paraplegic U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt, who built the Little White House there) ].
List of hot springs:
[ en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_hot_springs ]
What is a Geyser?
A geyser is formed when water collecting below the surface is heated by a magma source. When the water boils, it rises to the surface. If the water has an unobstructed path, it will pool on the surface in the form of a steaming hot springs. If the passage of the water is imposed upon, the pressure will increase. When the pressure becomes too great, the water converts into to steam. Steam takes up 1,500 times the volume of water, and at this point, the pressure becomes so intense that the steam and surrounding water droplets shoot out of the ground in geyser form, erupting until the pressure has abated and the process starts all over again.
What is a fumarole?
It’s a vent in the Earth’s surface from which steam and volcanic gases are emitted. The major source of the water vapour emitted by fumaroles is groundwater heated by bodies of magma lying relatively close to the surface. Carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, and hydrogen sulfide are usually emitted directly from the magma. Fumaroles are often present on active volcanoes during periods of relative quiet between eruptions.
Fumaroles are closely related to hot springs and geysers. In areas where the water table rises near the surface, fumaroles can become hot springs. A fumarole rich in sulfur gases is called a solfatara; a fumarole rich in carbon dioxide is called a mofette. If the hot water of a spring only reaches the surface in the form of steam, it is called a fumarole. [ www.britannica.com/science/fumarole ]
What is a mud volcano/ mud pot/ paint pot?
Usually mud volcanoes are created by hot-spring activity where large amounts of gas and small amounts of water react chemically with the surrounding rocks and form a boiling mud.
Geo-chemistry of mud volcano: Hydrogen sulfide gas rising from magma chamber, as in Yellowstone’s, causes the rotten-egg smell. Microorganisms, or thermophiles, use this gas as a source of energy, and then help turn the gas into sulfuric acid. The acid then breaks down the rocks and soil into mud. Many of the colors seen are vast communities of thermophiles, but some of the yellow is pure sulfur. When iron mixes with sulfur to form iron sulfide, gray and black swirls sometimes appear in the mud (From description of the display board in the park).
If the water of a hot spring is mixed with mud and clay, it is called a mud pot. Variations are the porridge pot (a basin of boiling mud that erodes chunks of the surrounding rock) and the paint pot (a basin of boiling mud that is tinted yellow, green, or blue by minerals from the surrounding rocks).
There are other mud volcanoes, entirely of a nonigneous origin, occur only in oil-field regions that are relatively young and have soft, unconsolidated formations.
Sources: [ www.britannica.com/science/mud-volcano ], and display boards of the YNP.
LOL... actually, while we were going on this ice covered road, in that thick fog, all I could think of was...
Be safe!
Be safe!
Drive Carefully!
Be Safe!!
he he he...
The present situation in the east coast reminded me of this foggy snowy day from a month ago.
This is a mobile shot, but I decided to process it in LR. What do you think??
© ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
None of my images may be downloaded, copied, reproduced, manipulated or used on websites, blogs or other media without my explicit written permission.
Walking through the local "Brick Field", I found a new world around me, which encouraged me to take a shot nothing like from this world.
It's been a while since I have posted anything here. But these colors made me take a break from my break. :)
A mobile pano taken in a parking lot.
On a Local Train near Calcutta ( Kolkata ) in the state of West Bengal in India.
Captured with mobile Huawei Honor 5C.
B/W in PS.