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Livro manuscrito em sânscrito.
Nepal
................................
Handmade rice paper, hand written letters, handpainting too.
Book (traditional) writthe in sänscrit language (Language ancient about 3000 years) telling about Buddha's Life and His Teachings).
Bought in Nepal - it came with me :)))
This stationery is a reproduction of the cross-carpet page of St. Mark, The Lindisfarne Gospels, c. 698 A.D. This little pocket dragon is pretending he can actually create beautiful art.
Palm-leaf manuscripts are manuscripts made out of dried palm leaves. Palm leaves were used as writing materials in Indian subcontinent and in Southeast Asia dating back to the 5th century BCE and possibly much earlier.
The palm leaves are first cooked and dried. The writer then uses a stylus to inscribe letters. Natural colourings are applied to the surface so the ink will stick in the grooves. This process is similar to intaglio printing.
the entire orginal manuscript for Neal Stephenson's "Baroque Cycle".
Excerpt from a note at the end of the "Quicksilver":
"The manuscript of the Baroque Cycle was written by hand on 100 percent cotton paper, using three different fountain pens: a Waterman Gentleman, a Rotring, and a Jorg Hysek. It was then transcribed, edited, formatted and printed using eMacs and TeX. When it was totally finished, the TeX version of the manuscript was converted to Quark XPress format using an eMacs LISP program written by the author."
I had forgotten that the manuscript was kept here until I came across the display, and my jaw dropped. Neal Stephenson is one of my favorite authors, and this alone was worth almost the entire trip for me, because I am big goddamn nerd.
chinguetti, a medieval trading center founded in the 13th century is now home for some libraries full of ancient manuscripts. here the library of the Fondation Ahmed al Mahmoud
chinguetti, mauritania
africa2007 trip
"An einem Bild sind immer zwei Leute beteiligt: Der Fotograf und der Betrachter." Andreas Feininger
Erneut zeige ich euch hier eine Erarbeitung eines Workshops aus dem Buch "Der eigene Blick" von Robert Mertens.
Unter der obigen Überschrift sollte eine Wort-Bild-Kombination erstellt werden. Das hier ist meine Handschrift - also in diesem Falle - die der Fotografin ;-)
As a kid reading the titles in the old mans book collection, I never understood why Steinbeck would write about a bit of driftwood.
As an adult I understand the title but why photograph such?
Fuji X-T1, Samyang 12/2.0, 25 secs at f/11, ISO 400
rather than chocolate, tulips or gin, i bought some old manuscripts in Amsterdam (most are in french)...the earliest date on them is 1629....Rembrandt would have been 23...
that memory stick won't last more than a few months.....
Temple University Library.
The tables and the manuscripts and books created an appealing pattern. Add a wide angle lens to give the perspective. Unfortunately walking around with a camera and taking pictures creates all sorts of questions by security guards and evil eyes of students and staff.
Ancient Pandulipis (Manuscripts) displayed in the Payana Car Museum, Srirangapatna, Karnataka.
Max Muller (1823-1900) has written in his book that " India is the only country of learned people and scholars in this entire world , where the vast wealth of knowledge is preserved in the form of handwritten texts".
Orality - Manuscripts- Print- Electronic
Duomo Museum. Illuminated Manuscript. Florence, Italy. Photos available for purchase at Wits End Photography. Follow my blog Traveling at Wits End for ways to create travel adventures everyday.
A serene photograph of the Huntington Library captures its grandeur framed by manicured gardens, classical architecture, and sunlit skies. The image shows the Beaux-Arts-style building standing proudly amidst the lush greenery of San Marino, California, with visitors strolling along its stone pathways. The contrast between the formal structure and the soft natural surroundings conveys a sense of harmony between art, knowledge, and nature—a core philosophy behind the Huntington’s founding vision.
The Huntington Library, Art Museum, and Botanical Gardens was established in 1919 by Henry E. Huntington, a railroad magnate and avid collector of rare books and art. What began as a private estate gradually transformed into one of the most important cultural and research institutions in the United States. The library houses millions of rare manuscripts, including a Gutenberg Bible and early editions of Shakespeare’s works, while the adjoining galleries contain works by Thomas Gainsborough, Mary Cassatt, and other masters.
Its significance lies not only in its preservation of historic texts and artwork but also in its role as a vibrant center for education and scholarship. With its stunning botanical gardens featuring collections from Japan, China, the desert, and beyond, the Huntington offers a multidisciplinary experience that attracts researchers, historians, and casual visitors alike. This photograph captures a timeless moment within a space that continues to bridge the past and present through beauty, intellect, and cultural legacy.
España - Murcia - Cartagena - Museo Naval
***
patrimoniocultural.defensa.gob.es/es/centros/museo-naval-...
armada.defensa.gob.es/ArmadaPortal/page/Portal/ArmadaEspa...
www.fundacionmuseonaval.com/museonavalcartagena.html
***
ENGLISH:
The Cartagena Naval Museum is a military museum near the city port of Cartagena. It presents exhibitions related to naval construction. It is a subsidiary of the Naval Museum of Madrid.
The Naval Museum of Cartagena was opened on July 8, 1986. The original building was built under the direction of the architect Lorenzo Ros in 1926. Originally the building was used by the School of Apprentices of the Spanish Society of Naval Construction. They changed its name in 1947 to National Company Bazán. Later it became the school Our Lady of the Rosary. Later the Navy reclaimed the building and converted it to the naval museum. Captain Luis Delgado Bañón was director until January 8, 2011, when he retired. The current director is the captain of ship Jorge Madrid.
The museum has been moved to a new headquarters in the city's seafront, in the former Maritime Instruction Headquarters, a historical building from the mid-eighteenth century that was constructed by the military engineer Mateo Vodopich. The building is in front of the Botes Basin. Since its construction in 1786, it has been the State Penitentiary Center (1824), Presidio (1910), and after the Spanish Civil War Barracks for the Instruction of Sailors. Following the agreement signed in 2005 by the Ministry of Defense, the Autonomous Community of the Region of Murcia and the Polytechnic University of Cartagena, the use of the building is shared between the university and naval museum. The space dedicated to the museum is in the southern half of the ground floor of the building.
The collection extends between its halls, the lobby and the corridors:
Lobby: The model of the ship Juan Sebastián de Elcano, and the image of the Virgin of the Carmen which can be highlighted, are two emblems of the Spanish Navy, as well as varied objects.
Halls: Contains exhibits of ammunition and masks used in the first half of the century.
Arsenal Room: This room exhibits planes, carpentry tools and a riverside smithy, workshops of rigging and candles, maneuvering elements and models of sailing ships, relics from the ships Nuestra Señora de Atocha and Santa Margarita, and historic documents.
Isaac Peral: Room dedicated to Isaac Peral, which shows flat documents and personal objects that are part of the National Heritage, as well as model paintings of the submarine and a portrait of Isaac Peral.
Marine Infantry Room: Contains collected tables that show the actions and battles in which the marine infantry actions throughout Spanish history. There are also photographs of the marines and a section dedicated to their bands, weapons and uniforms.
Cartography and Navigation Room: Copies of manuscripts of maps, letters and objects such as a rudder of a nineteenth-century war steamer, telegraphs, sextants, navigation publications, a collection of logs, and two ships.
The Navy Diving Room: Reviews the history of diving in the Navy, and displays various objects on this subject and its evolution.
19th Century: Shows the agitation that occurred in nineteenth century Cartagena, dealing with political issues, military campaigns to Cuba, and remains of the bombing suffered in Cartagena in 1873.
Submarine room: Exhibits models of almost all the submarines that participated in the navy, objects such as: batteries, submarine planes, recovery bells, rescue, torpedoes of the Spanish submarine SPS Narciso Monturiol.
History of the submarine weapon: Exhibits objects that show the development of the Spanish submarine fleet: torpedoes, propellers, pictures, crockery, cutlery, periscopes, rudders.
Armament room: This room displays the armament of the Navy, including weapons, ammunition and ammunition.
Hall flags and uniforms: Flags are displayed that are linked to the former Maritime Zone of the Mediterranean, as well as uniforms and models of ships
Naval Health Room: Various objects of the old hospital of nuns: a Sacred Heart, portraits of doctors, heroes of war, ancient documentation, ordinances of the College of Surgery, uniforms of the eighteenth century, models.
***
ESPAÑOL:
El Museo Naval de Cartagena, fue inaugurado el 8 de julio de 1986. El antiguo edificio de estilo modernista fue construido a cargo de la dirección del arquitecto Lorenzo Ros en 1926. En principio este edificio fue dedicado a la Escuela de Aprendices de la Sociedad Española de Construcción Naval que, en 1947, cambió su nombre para llamarse Empresa Nacional Bazán. También, durante algunos años, se convirtió en el colegio Nuestra Señora del Rosario. Por último la Armada recuperó el edificio, y cambió las funciones del mismo para convertirlo en el museo naval, siendo inaugurado el 8 de julio de 1986. Hasta el 8 de enero de 2011, fecha de su jubilación, ostentaba el cargo de director el Capitán de Navío don Luis Delgado Bañón. El día 1 de febrero fue sustituido por el también capitán de navío Jorge Madrid.
Desde el año 2012, el museo, trasladado a una nueva sede ubicada en el puerto, en el antiguo Cuartel de Instrucción de Marinería (CIM), se encuentra en un edificio histórico de mediados del siglo xviii obra del ingeniero militar Mateo Vodopich y situado frente a la Dársena de Botes, en plena fachada marítima de la ciudad. Desde su construcción, en 1786, este edificio ha pasado por diferentes usos, como Centro Penitenciario del Estado (1824), Presidio (1910) o, tras la Guerra Civil, como Cuartel de Instrucción de Marinería. Tras el convenio firmado por el Ministerio de Defensa, la Comunidad Autónoma de la Región de Murcia y la Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena (2005) se establece el uso compartido entre Universidad y Museo Naval. El espacio destinado al Museo se ubica en la mitad sur de la planta baja del edificio.
Sérguiev Posad (Rusia) - Sergiyev Posad (Russia) - Се́ргиев Поса́д (Россия)
Sérguiev Posad (en ruso: Се́ргиев Поса́д), entre 1930 y 1991 llamada Zagorsk, es una ciudad rusa, al nordeste de Moscú. Contaba con 109.252 habitantes en el censo de 2008. Posee un importante conjunto monumental, el monasterio de la Trinidad y de San Sergio (siglos XV-XVIII), declarado Patrimonio de la Humanidad por la UNESCO.
es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sérguiev_Posad
es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anillo_de_Oro_de_Rusia
Sergiyev Posad (Russian: Се́ргиев Поса́д) is a city and the administrative center of Sergiyevo-Posadsky District in Moscow Oblast, Russia. Population: 111,179 (2010 Census); 113,581 (2002 Census); 114,696 (1989 Census).
It was previously known as Sergiyev Posad (until 1919), Sergiyev (until 1930), Zagorsk (until 1991).
Sergiyev Posad grew in the 15th century around one of the greatest of Russian monasteries, the Trinity Lavra established by St. Sergius of Radonezh, still (as of 2015) one of the largest monasteries in Russia. Town status was granted to Sergiyev Posad in 1742. The town's name, alluding to St. Sergius, has strong religious connotations. Soviet authorities changed it first to just Sergiyev in 1919, and then to Zagorsk in 1930, in memory of the revolutionary Vladimir Mikhailovich Zagorsky
The original name was restored in 1991.
Within the framework of administrative divisions, Sergiyev Posad serves as the administrative center of Sergiyevo-Posadsky District. As an administrative division, it is, together with twenty-six rural localities, incorporated within Sergiyevo-Posadsky District as the City of Sergiyev Posad. As a municipal division, the City of Sergiyev Posad is incorporated within Sergiyevo-Posadsky Municipal District as Sergiyev Posad Urban Settlement.
Tourism associated with the Golden Ring plays a role in the regional economy. There is also an important toy factory.
The Moscow–Yaroslavl railway and highway pass through the town. Sergiyev Posad Bus Terminal is located in the city.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sergiyev_Posad
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golden_Ring_of_Russia
El monasterio de la Trinidad y San Sergio (en ruso Тро́ице-Се́ргиева Ла́вра; o Tróitse-Sérguieva Lavra) en la ciudad de Sérguiev Posad (antiguo Zagorsk) es un importante monasterio ruso y centro espiritual de la iglesia ortodoxa rusa. Sérguiev Posad se encuentra a unos 70 kilómetros al noreste de Moscú en la carretera que va a Yaroslavl. Actualmente alberga a unos 300 monjes. Según la Unesco, que lo declaró Patrimonio de la Humanidad en 1993, se trata de «un buen ejemplo de monasterio ortodoxo en funcionamiento, con rasgos militares típicos de los siglos XV al XVIII, período durante el que se desarrolló.»
La iglesia principal de la Laura (monasterio), la catedral de la Asunción, recuerda la homónima catedral del Kremlin y alberga las tumbas de los Godunov.
Siendo monje de la Laura, Andréi Rubliov pintó, para el iconostasio de la catedral, su más célebre icono La Trinidad que actualmente se expone en la Galería Tretiakov de Moscú.
es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laura_de_la_Trinidad_y_San_Sergio
The Trinity Lavra of St. Sergius (Russian: Тро́ице-Се́ргиева Ла́вра) is the most important Russian monastery and the spiritual centre of the Russian Orthodox Church. The monastery is situated in the town of Sergiyev Posad, about 70 km to the north-east from Moscow by the road leading to Yaroslavl, and currently is home to over 300 monks.
The monastery was founded in 1337 by one of the most venerated Russian saints, Sergius of Radonezh, who built a wooden church in honour of the Holy Trinity on Makovets Hill. Early development of the monastic community is well documented in contemporary lives of Sergius and his disciples.
In 1355, Sergius introduced a charter which required the construction of auxiliary buildings, such as refectory, kitchen, and bakery. This charter was a model for Sergius' numerous followers who founded more than 400 cloisters all over Russia, including the celebrated Solovetsky, Kirillov, and Simonov monasteries.
St. Sergius supported Dmitri Donskoi in his struggle against the Tatars and sent two of his monks, Peresvet and Oslyabya, to participate in the Battle of Kulikovo (1380). At the outbreak of the battle, Peresvet died in a single combat against a Tatar bogatyr. The monastery was devastated by fire, when a Tatar unit raided the area in 1408.
St. Sergius was declared patron saint of the Russian state in 1422. The same year the first stone cathedral was built by a team of Serbian monks who had found refuge in the monastery after the Battle of Kosovo. The relics of St. Sergius still may be seen in this cathedral, dedicated to the Holy Trinity. The greatest icon painters of medieval Russia, Andrei Rublev and Daniil Chyorny, were summoned to decorate the cathedral with frescoes. Traditionally, Muscovite royals were baptized in this cathedral and held thanksgiving services here.
In 1476, Ivan III invited several Pskovian masters to build the church of the Holy Spirit. This graceful structure is one of the few remaining examples of a Russian church topped with a belltower. The interior contains the earliest specimens of the use of glazed tiles for decoration. In the early 16th century, Vasily III added the Nikon annex and the Serapion tent, where several of Sergius' disciples were interred.
It took 26 years to construct the six-pillared Assumption Cathedral, which was commissioned by Ivan the Terrible in 1559. The cathedral is much larger than its model and namesake in the Moscow Kremlin. The magnificent iconostasis of the 16th–18th centuries features Simon Ushakov's masterpiece, the icon of Last Supper. Interior walls were painted with violet and blue frescoes by a team of Yaroslavl masters in 1684. The vault contains burials of Boris Godunov, his family and several 20th-century patriarchs.
As the monastery grew into one of the wealthiest landowners in Russia, the woods where it had stood were cleared and a village (or posad) sprang up near the monastery walls. It gradually developed into the modern town of Sergiyev Posad. The cloister itself was a notable centre of chronicle-writing and icon painting. Just opposite the monastery walls St. Paraskeva's Convent was established, among whose buildings St. Paraskeva's Church (1547), Introduction Church (1547), and a 17th-century chapel over St. Paraskeva's well are still visible.
In 1550s, a wooden palisade surrounding the cloister was replaced with 1.5 km-long stone walls, featuring twelve towers, which helped the monastery to withstand a celebrated 16-month Polish-Lithuanian siege in 1608–1610. A shell-hole in the cathedral gates is preserved as a reminder of Wladyslaw IV's abortive siege in 1618.
By the end of the 17th century, when young Peter I twice found refuge within the monastery from his enemies, numerous buildings had been added. These include a small baroque palace of the patriarchs, noted for its luxurious interiors, and a royal palace, with its facades painted in checkerboard design. The refectory of St. Sergius, covering 510 square meters and also painted in dazzling checkerboard design, used to be the largest hall in Russia. The five-domed Church of John the Baptist's Nativity (1693–1699) was commissioned by the Stroganovs and built over one of the gates. Other 17th-century structures include the monks' cells, a hospital topped with a tented church, and a chapel built over a holy well discovered in 1644.
In 1744, Empress Elizabeth conferred on the cloister the dignity of a Lavra. The metropolitan of Moscow was henceforth also the Archimandrite of the Lavra. Elizabeth particularly favoured the Trinity and annually proceeded afoot from Moscow to the cloister. Her secret spouse Alexey Razumovsky accompanied her on such journeys and commissioned a baroque church to the Virgin of Smolensk, the last major shrine to be erected in the Lavra. Another pledge of Elizabeth's affection for the monastery is a white-and-blue baroque belltower, which, at 88 meters, was one of the tallest structures built in Russia up to that date. Its architects were Ivan Michurin and Dmitry Ukhtomsky.
Throughout the 19th century, the Lavra maintained its status as the richest Russian monastery. A seminary founded in 1742 was replaced by an ecclesiastical academy in 1814. The monastery boasted a supreme collection of manuscripts and books. Medieval collections of the Lavra sacristy attracted thousands of visitors. In Sergiyev Posad, the monastery maintained several sketes, one of which is a place of burial for the conservative philosophers Konstantin Leontiev and Vasily Rozanov.
After the Russian Revolution of 1917, the Soviet government closed the lavra in 1920. Its buildings were assigned to different civic institutions or declared museums. In 1930, monastery bells, including the Tsar-Bell of 65 tons, were destroyed. Pavel Florensky and his followers prevented the authorities from stealing and selling the sacristy collection but overall many valuables were lost or transferred to other collections.
In 1945, following Joseph Stalin's temporary tolerance of the church during World War II, the Lavra was returned to the Russian Orthodox Church. On April 16, 1946 divine service was renewed at the Assumption Cathedral. The lavra continued as the seat of the Moscow Patriarchate until 1983, when the patriarch was allowed to settle at the Danilov Monastery in Moscow. After that, the monastery continued as a prime centre of religious education. Important restoration works were conducted in the 1960s and 1970s. In 1993, the Trinity Lavra was inscribed on the UN World Heritage List.
The Lavra has a number of representative churches (podvorie or metochia) in its vicinity and throughout Russia. The Lavra's hieromonks have manned a number of sketes at remote locations (such as the Anzer Island in the Solovki Archipelago in the White Sea), as well as the Trinity Church on the King George Island in the Antarctic.
Another of this year's Fourth of July celebration using action on the medium telephoto-zoom. It looks like opening pages of an ancient yellowed but well worn manuscript. I've gotten golden veils like that before with zooms. I do like these hand-held telephoto traces. This EXIF reports 200mm but I probably used more zoom range than shows of the red and gold explosions at different times and during different parts of the visible zoom.
I was in the good spot I used last year although I took shelter under a Roger's Grove tree during the heavenly sprinkle. I ran into the same problems with procedures shooting fireworks at night as I did last year. Maybe I'll get it right before long. This year was a chore: I had to buy my fifth for the fourth on the third! What else could go wrong on my long walk to the fourth venue from the Golden Ponds parking.
The most prominent problem is tracking the action when triggering the exposure: the display and eyepiece go blank and alternate tracking strategy is needed. I am coming up with an apparatus that could overcome the problem, I had trouble with accurately tracking the action while using the monopod so I ditched the monopod this year. Why would I need steady? I have conferred with several psychiatrists about the many people with explosive personality defects even though psychiatrists have little to do with the study of science. There is a marked difference between psychiatrist's study of explosive personalities and the study of psychotics like the Koch Brothers and con-servatives. It's a cause and effect study. The Broes have taken major revenge upon my region of Kochistan with a couple days at 102 degreess and idiots from Alabama, on the run from the South, starting forest fires near Nederland. They probably didn't like their mountain retreat camp. The scoflaws were found at the refuge center. Go figure! Don't take a dump where you dance!
I am adding these "action" shots to my stash, all of the fiery kind. Although I still have a pile to clean up, I dumped even more into storage this year. This one was taken at an opportune time that revealed there were multiple eruptions during the 2 1/2 second exposure. The EXIF reports only the start of zooms. Apparently there was good motion and the usual shakes as the fireworks erupted. I remained impressed with how these can appear stable at all at these slow exposures. The colors: I thought of how to react to the mass of colors.
The Ieud Monastery, dedicated to the "Three Holy Hierarchs", is located in Ieud, Maramureş County. It was founded by the community's believers with the help of the priest Alexandru Brici in 2003. The monastic complex includes a wooden church and a monastic house.
Specialists believe that there was a wooden church (in the south-eastern part of the locality) built between the 11th and 12th centuries. In this church, it was written "The Manuscript from Ieud" from 1391 to 1392, near the church being built a school that prepared the students in pastoral theology, church chants and writing manuscripts. Today, the manuscript can be found at the Romanian Academy in Bucharest.
In 1889, the church was torn down by the authorities, and the three monks who lived there were evacuated on the grounds that it was an Orthodox church. The archives say that a commercial center has been built from the church wood.
After more than 100 years, priest Alexandru Brici began to take steps to rebuild the old monastery. Only in 1993, after the fall of Communism, Justinian Chira, Orthodox Bishop of Maramures and Satmar, approved the establishment of the new monastery on the site of the old church.
The works were finished in 2003, the new church being built of fir wood, the tower 60 meters high. Local craftsmen worked there; The iconostasis was made by several Moldavian craftsmen.
The Science Channel aired an intriguing documentary on September 2, 2008, "The Secret Towers of the Himalayas". The hour long documentary chronicled the mapping and dating of an estimated 600 stone towers
scattered throughout Tibet by Frederique Darragon and Michel Peissel between 1998 and 2003. Carbon dating showed that the towers are between 500 and 1,200 years old.
Who built these towers and why is it a mystery.
The ancient manuscripts of the Buddhist monks in the area do not mention the towers. The indigenous people of the region have no written history and, because of their isolation, there is little communication between villages. Often the dialects from one valley to the next is so diverse as to be a different language. Darragon and Peissel assume that this isolation and the lack of a written language may have been a major factor in the lost of the towers' history.
There are mentions of the towers, however, by Chinese scholars late in the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644) in descriptions of kingdoms that were thought to be only legends. Darragon found that many of the villages where the towers are located bear the same names as these kingdoms.
Er komt een konijn bij de bakker. Hij vraagt: ‘Bakker, heeft u worteltjestaart?’ De bakker schudt zijn hoofd en het konijn gaat naar huis.
De volgende dag staat het konijn weer voor de toonbank van de bakker.
‘Bakker, heeft u worteltjestaart?’
Weer moet de bakker nee verkopen en met hangende oren gaat het konijn naar huis. Maar nu is het de bakker genoeg. Hij besluit worteltjestaart te bakken! Het is een heel werk, zeker omdat de bakker het voor het eerst doet. Maar het lukt !
En ja, hoor, de volgende dag is daar het konijn weer en vraagt: ‘Bakker, heeft u vandaag wel worteltjestaart?’
Hierop zegt de bakker trots en blij: ‘Jazeker! Ik heb worteltjestaart!’
Waarop het konijn zegt: ‘Vies hè?’
Detail from an old manuscript at the exhibition “From Albrecht Dürer and Thomas à Kempis” at Museum De Fundatie Zwolle, the Netherlands. This book, the Zwolle Bible, is 550 years old.
The Puccini museum in Lucca, Italy contains many of his manuscripts. Photos available for purchase at Wits End Photography. Follow my blog Traveling at Wits End for ways to create travel adventures everyday.
歌 無孤苦古 ⚡❄
2021 答 Big Dream 1993
♩ ♩ ♫ ♩
6 71 2 7♭65
4 56 1 7♭65
Big enough to share
only I can make
123 5 654
making it come true
making me feel new
5 32
Maybe
©《Big Dream》 (The Thing Called Love)
#Vegan↓ #WeWillRiseTogether↑
Claude Monet; Cathédrale de Rouen, Effets du Soleil, Fin de Journée; 1892
Musée Marmottan Monet is located at 2, rue Louis Boilly in the 16th arrondissement of Paris and features over three hundred Impressionist and Post-Impressionist paintings by Claude Monet, including his 1872 Impression, Sunrise. It is the largest collection of his works.
The museum also contains works by Berthe Morisot, Edgar Degas, Édouard Manet, Alfred Sisley, Camille Pissarro, Paul Gauguin, Paul Signac, Pierre-Auguste Renoir and others. It also houses the Wildenstein Collection of illuminated manuscripts and the Jules and Paul Marmottan collection of Napoleonic era art and furniture.
Marmottan Museum's fame is the result of a donation in 1966 by Michel Monet, Claude's second son and only heir.
The nearest métro station is La Muette, on line 9.
Sérguiev Posad (Rusia) - Sergiyev Posad (Russia) - Се́ргиев Поса́д (Россия)
Sérguiev Posad (en ruso: Се́ргиев Поса́д), entre 1930 y 1991 llamada Zagorsk, es una ciudad rusa, al nordeste de Moscú. Contaba con 109.252 habitantes en el censo de 2008. Posee un importante conjunto monumental, el monasterio de la Trinidad y de San Sergio (siglos XV-XVIII), declarado Patrimonio de la Humanidad por la UNESCO.
es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sérguiev_Posad
es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anillo_de_Oro_de_Rusia
Sergiyev Posad (Russian: Се́ргиев Поса́д) is a city and the administrative center of Sergiyevo-Posadsky District in Moscow Oblast, Russia. Population: 111,179 (2010 Census); 113,581 (2002 Census); 114,696 (1989 Census).
It was previously known as Sergiyev Posad (until 1919), Sergiyev (until 1930), Zagorsk (until 1991).
Sergiyev Posad grew in the 15th century around one of the greatest of Russian monasteries, the Trinity Lavra established by St. Sergius of Radonezh, still (as of 2015) one of the largest monasteries in Russia. Town status was granted to Sergiyev Posad in 1742. The town's name, alluding to St. Sergius, has strong religious connotations. Soviet authorities changed it first to just Sergiyev in 1919, and then to Zagorsk in 1930, in memory of the revolutionary Vladimir Mikhailovich Zagorsky
The original name was restored in 1991.
Within the framework of administrative divisions, Sergiyev Posad serves as the administrative center of Sergiyevo-Posadsky District. As an administrative division, it is, together with twenty-six rural localities, incorporated within Sergiyevo-Posadsky District as the City of Sergiyev Posad. As a municipal division, the City of Sergiyev Posad is incorporated within Sergiyevo-Posadsky Municipal District as Sergiyev Posad Urban Settlement.
Tourism associated with the Golden Ring plays a role in the regional economy. There is also an important toy factory.
The Moscow–Yaroslavl railway and highway pass through the town. Sergiyev Posad Bus Terminal is located in the city.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sergiyev_Posad
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golden_Ring_of_Russia
El monasterio de la Trinidad y San Sergio (en ruso Тро́ице-Се́ргиева Ла́вра; o Tróitse-Sérguieva Lavra) en la ciudad de Sérguiev Posad (antiguo Zagorsk) es un importante monasterio ruso y centro espiritual de la iglesia ortodoxa rusa. Sérguiev Posad se encuentra a unos 70 kilómetros al noreste de Moscú en la carretera que va a Yaroslavl. Actualmente alberga a unos 300 monjes. Según la Unesco, que lo declaró Patrimonio de la Humanidad en 1993, se trata de «un buen ejemplo de monasterio ortodoxo en funcionamiento, con rasgos militares típicos de los siglos XV al XVIII, período durante el que se desarrolló.»
La iglesia principal de la Laura (monasterio), la catedral de la Asunción, recuerda la homónima catedral del Kremlin y alberga las tumbas de los Godunov.
Siendo monje de la Laura, Andréi Rubliov pintó, para el iconostasio de la catedral, su más célebre icono La Trinidad que actualmente se expone en la Galería Tretiakov de Moscú.
es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laura_de_la_Trinidad_y_San_Sergio
The Trinity Lavra of St. Sergius (Russian: Тро́ице-Се́ргиева Ла́вра) is the most important Russian monastery and the spiritual centre of the Russian Orthodox Church. The monastery is situated in the town of Sergiyev Posad, about 70 km to the north-east from Moscow by the road leading to Yaroslavl, and currently is home to over 300 monks.
The monastery was founded in 1337 by one of the most venerated Russian saints, Sergius of Radonezh, who built a wooden church in honour of the Holy Trinity on Makovets Hill. Early development of the monastic community is well documented in contemporary lives of Sergius and his disciples.
In 1355, Sergius introduced a charter which required the construction of auxiliary buildings, such as refectory, kitchen, and bakery. This charter was a model for Sergius' numerous followers who founded more than 400 cloisters all over Russia, including the celebrated Solovetsky, Kirillov, and Simonov monasteries.
St. Sergius supported Dmitri Donskoi in his struggle against the Tatars and sent two of his monks, Peresvet and Oslyabya, to participate in the Battle of Kulikovo (1380). At the outbreak of the battle, Peresvet died in a single combat against a Tatar bogatyr. The monastery was devastated by fire, when a Tatar unit raided the area in 1408.
St. Sergius was declared patron saint of the Russian state in 1422. The same year the first stone cathedral was built by a team of Serbian monks who had found refuge in the monastery after the Battle of Kosovo. The relics of St. Sergius still may be seen in this cathedral, dedicated to the Holy Trinity. The greatest icon painters of medieval Russia, Andrei Rublev and Daniil Chyorny, were summoned to decorate the cathedral with frescoes. Traditionally, Muscovite royals were baptized in this cathedral and held thanksgiving services here.
In 1476, Ivan III invited several Pskovian masters to build the church of the Holy Spirit. This graceful structure is one of the few remaining examples of a Russian church topped with a belltower. The interior contains the earliest specimens of the use of glazed tiles for decoration. In the early 16th century, Vasily III added the Nikon annex and the Serapion tent, where several of Sergius' disciples were interred.
It took 26 years to construct the six-pillared Assumption Cathedral, which was commissioned by Ivan the Terrible in 1559. The cathedral is much larger than its model and namesake in the Moscow Kremlin. The magnificent iconostasis of the 16th–18th centuries features Simon Ushakov's masterpiece, the icon of Last Supper. Interior walls were painted with violet and blue frescoes by a team of Yaroslavl masters in 1684. The vault contains burials of Boris Godunov, his family and several 20th-century patriarchs.
As the monastery grew into one of the wealthiest landowners in Russia, the woods where it had stood were cleared and a village (or posad) sprang up near the monastery walls. It gradually developed into the modern town of Sergiyev Posad. The cloister itself was a notable centre of chronicle-writing and icon painting. Just opposite the monastery walls St. Paraskeva's Convent was established, among whose buildings St. Paraskeva's Church (1547), Introduction Church (1547), and a 17th-century chapel over St. Paraskeva's well are still visible.
In 1550s, a wooden palisade surrounding the cloister was replaced with 1.5 km-long stone walls, featuring twelve towers, which helped the monastery to withstand a celebrated 16-month Polish-Lithuanian siege in 1608–1610. A shell-hole in the cathedral gates is preserved as a reminder of Wladyslaw IV's abortive siege in 1618.
By the end of the 17th century, when young Peter I twice found refuge within the monastery from his enemies, numerous buildings had been added. These include a small baroque palace of the patriarchs, noted for its luxurious interiors, and a royal palace, with its facades painted in checkerboard design. The refectory of St. Sergius, covering 510 square meters and also painted in dazzling checkerboard design, used to be the largest hall in Russia. The five-domed Church of John the Baptist's Nativity (1693–1699) was commissioned by the Stroganovs and built over one of the gates. Other 17th-century structures include the monks' cells, a hospital topped with a tented church, and a chapel built over a holy well discovered in 1644.
In 1744, Empress Elizabeth conferred on the cloister the dignity of a Lavra. The metropolitan of Moscow was henceforth also the Archimandrite of the Lavra. Elizabeth particularly favoured the Trinity and annually proceeded afoot from Moscow to the cloister. Her secret spouse Alexey Razumovsky accompanied her on such journeys and commissioned a baroque church to the Virgin of Smolensk, the last major shrine to be erected in the Lavra. Another pledge of Elizabeth's affection for the monastery is a white-and-blue baroque belltower, which, at 88 meters, was one of the tallest structures built in Russia up to that date. Its architects were Ivan Michurin and Dmitry Ukhtomsky.
Throughout the 19th century, the Lavra maintained its status as the richest Russian monastery. A seminary founded in 1742 was replaced by an ecclesiastical academy in 1814. The monastery boasted a supreme collection of manuscripts and books. Medieval collections of the Lavra sacristy attracted thousands of visitors. In Sergiyev Posad, the monastery maintained several sketes, one of which is a place of burial for the conservative philosophers Konstantin Leontiev and Vasily Rozanov.
After the Russian Revolution of 1917, the Soviet government closed the lavra in 1920. Its buildings were assigned to different civic institutions or declared museums. In 1930, monastery bells, including the Tsar-Bell of 65 tons, were destroyed. Pavel Florensky and his followers prevented the authorities from stealing and selling the sacristy collection but overall many valuables were lost or transferred to other collections.
In 1945, following Joseph Stalin's temporary tolerance of the church during World War II, the Lavra was returned to the Russian Orthodox Church. On April 16, 1946 divine service was renewed at the Assumption Cathedral. The lavra continued as the seat of the Moscow Patriarchate until 1983, when the patriarch was allowed to settle at the Danilov Monastery in Moscow. After that, the monastery continued as a prime centre of religious education. Important restoration works were conducted in the 1960s and 1970s. In 1993, the Trinity Lavra was inscribed on the UN World Heritage List.
The Lavra has a number of representative churches (podvorie or metochia) in its vicinity and throughout Russia. The Lavra's hieromonks have manned a number of sketes at remote locations (such as the Anzer Island in the Solovki Archipelago in the White Sea), as well as the Trinity Church on the King George Island in the Antarctic.
3d Fractal
Fractal flame
Stairs from Tucson AZ
Textures from Tolkien book, concrete floor, bokeh leaves and Florence wall
The Romans dubbed the city Palmyra, city of the Palms -
the locals retains the name of Tadmor, city of the dates -
Tadmur in the Bible
oasis (6 km2) on the northern edge of the syrian desert Badiet es Sham - 240 km N E of Damascus
according to the tradition, was founded by Salomon King of Israel - in the Bible it is called Tadmur,
mentioned in assyrian manuscripts back to the XXth century BC
prosperous caravan center (water supplies), important link on the old "silk road" in the 2nd cent. BC, became roman outpost in the desert - major "city state" within the roman empire in the Ist cent. AD
Odenathus earned gratitude of Rome by freeing the emperor Valerian from capture by the Persians, & regained in 267 roman possessions lost to Zhapur I (241-272) of Persia
Palmyra's downfall began in 266, upon the assassination of Odenathus. His 2nd wife, the famous half-Greek/half Arab Zenobia, took over in the name of her minor son.
Claiming to be descended from Cleopatra, woman of ambition & ability, fluent in Greek, Latin, Aramaic & Egyptian, she effectively turned Palmyra into an independent empire, in 270 invaded Egypt, had coins minted in Alexandria, bearing her image and that of her son.
The Emperor Aurelian defeated her forces In Antioch & Emesa (Homs) in 271, he besieged Palmyra itself. In 274,
Zenobia was carted off to Rome as Aurelian's trophy & was paraded in the streets, bound in gold chains, bearing all her jewels. She spent the rest of her days in Rome, some say she chose to starve to death rather than remain captive
The city fell to the Muslims in 634 & was finally & completely destroyed by a devastating earthequake in 1089.
Les romains lui donnèrent le nom de Palmyre "la ville des Palmes"
les habitants gardent le nom de Tadmor "la ville des palmiers(dattiers)" Tadmur dans la Bible
oasis de 6km2 localisée à 240 km au NE de Damas, à la lisière nord du désert syrien Badiet es Sham, elle fut, selon la tradition, fondée par Salomon, Roi d' Israël, dans la Bible mentionnée sous le nom de Tadmur, et
au XXème siècle avant JC dans des manuscrits assyriens,
étape idéale pour les caravanes, dès le 2ème siècle avant JC, prospère car l'on pouvait se ravitailler en eau, sur le chemin de la Route de la Soie, poste avancé dans le désert sous les romains au 1er siècle de note ère
l'empereur Hadrien la déclara "cité libre"
Odeinat, gouverneur arabe de Palmyre, parvint à contenir les armées perses, libéra l'empereur Valérien, défit en 267 Zapour 1er (241-272) de Perse ce qui permit aux romains de récupérer les territoires perdus.
Malheureusement la chute de Palmyre fut amorcée l'année suivante avec l'assassinat mystérieux d'Odeinat. Sa 2ème épouse Zénobie, mi arabe-mi grecque, se réclamant être de la descendance de Cléopatre, voulut se libérer de l'hégémonie romaine, et prit le pouvoir au nom de son fils mineur. Très éduquée, elle parlait couramment l'araméen, le grec, le latin et l'égyptien. Ayant un sens politique aigu, ambitieuse, elle envahit en 270 l'Egypte, fit même frapper, à Alexandrie, des monnaies portant son effigie et celle de son fils.
Ses troupes furent vaincues à Antioche et à Emesa (Homs) en 271 par l'empereur Valérien, qui mit le siège à Palmyre. Zénobie fut emmenée à Rome en 274, parait-il attachée avec des chaînes en or, portant ses parures et bijoux. Elle se serait laissée mourir de faim plutôt que de terminer sa vie en captivité.
La cité fut prise par les musulmans en 634, en 1089, elle fut finalement complètement détruite par un tremblement de terre dévastateur.
Manuscript title: Book of hours
Manuscript summary: This precious book of hours was made in Florence around 1470-1480. Its rich and elegant illumination is due to the close circle of the most famous florentine miniaturist of his time, Francesco d’Antonio del Chierico. The same hand is responsible for the major illuminations at the beginning of the various sections as well the initials in the text. The flourished initials are of great elegance. A partly erased coat of arms on the opening leaf indicates that the book of hours was made for the wedding of a male member of the Serristori family. The manuscript entered in the collection of the present owner in 1970 and it was deposited at the Bibliothèque de Genève as part of Comites Latentes.
Origin: Florence (Italy)
Period: 15th century
Image source: Genève, Bibliothèque de Genève, Comites Latentes 54: Book of hours (www.e-codices.unifr.ch/en/list/one/bge/cl0054).