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Five laborers pull on a heavy rope to bring a boat closer to the ship repair yards along the Buriganga River.
Dhaka, Bangladesh, 2014
Back from INDIA and BANGLADESH.
a torturous, arduous, annoying journey in the "Belly of the Beast."
But I felt this journey ( not a vacation by any means ) had to get done.
{{For those new to my work I am not a VLOGGER those who mostly shoot for entertainment, to acquire views, followers and content. From what i see VLOGGERS point the lens at themselves in most of their videos, focusing on local food, going shopping at bazaars and sharing incidents that affect the VLOGGER instead of shedding light on the tens of millions living in these nations who are struggling just to get by. And i mean struggling.
A very skewed way to view the world IMHO }}
The pollution, traffic, overpopulation is skyrocketing in BDESH and INDYA!!!!
I had to leave Delhi with an upper respiratory infection in its infancy. The air quality index in DELHI is above HAZARDOUS.....
Those who like to look at/shoot just pretty things, believing the world is one happy rose colored bowl of cherries beware....
The work I did in this 2023 Post Covid journey is filled with human suffering. The earthquake in South Turkey where i stayed for a while hit while I was in South Asia, adding to the misery I was imbued with already.
War, famine, abysmal poverty, beggary, deadly deforming illnesses, hatred for one's fellow man permeate planet earth in 2023.
What has humanity learned in thousands of years?
on a positive note:
I met with the CEO of
SMK in JAIPUR and made a nominal donation for the fight against LEPROSY
thanks for listening,
in
OLD DELHI
Photography’s new conscience
50 pounds
or more
on his back
50 trips to and fro
fro and to
instead of using
a truck or
a wheelbarrow
so he can
earn his keep
in
JAIPUR
Photography’s new conscience
women laborers
in the heat of the day
100 degrees
resting
millions of low caste women
work using their head as wheelbarrows
shuttling rocks on their heads to and fro
in unbearable heat working
for
peanuts.
near
Gurgaon
Photography’s new conscience
Shaanxi/China (the terracotta army figures were manufactured in workshops by government laborers and local craftsmen using materials originated on Mount Li. Heads, arms, legs, and torsos were all created separately and then assembled. Studies show that a total of eight face moulds were most likely used, with clay then added to provide individual facial features after assembly. It is believed that the warriors' legs were made in much the same way that terracotta drainage pipes were manufactured at the time. This would classify the process as assembly line production, with specific parts manufactured and assembled after being fired, as opposed to crafting one solid piece and subsequently firing it. In those times of tight imperial control, each workshop was required to inscribe its name on items produced to ensure quality control. This has aided modern historians in verifying which workshops were commandeered to make tiles and other mundane items for the terracotta army. Upon completion, the terracotta figures were placed in the pits in precise military formation according to rank and duty.
The terracotta figures are life-sized. They vary in height, uniform, and hairstyle in accordance with rank. Most originally held real weapons such as spears, swords, or crossbows. Originally, the figures were also painted with bright pigments, variously coloured pink, red, green, blue, black, brown, white, and lilac. The coloured lacquer finish, individual facial features, and weapons used in producing these figures created a realistic appearance. Most of the original weapons were thought to have been looted shortly after the creation of the army, or have rotted away, while the colour coating has flaked off or greatly faded...)
Copyright © 2010 by inigolai/Photography.
No part of this picture may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means , on websites, blogs, without prior permission.
Carrying
a few pounds
of COW MANURE
on her head.
Cow dung, which is usually a dark brown color (usually combined with soiled bedding and urine), is often used as manure (agricultural fertilizer).
In many parts of the developing world, and in the past in mountain regions of Europe, caked and dried cow dung is used as fuel.
Jaipur
Photography’s new conscience
9/366
The light laborers are always trying to find new techniques with which to illuminate. This is Digi, one of our best workers, he is hard at work trying to create a hand spark. The result is very pleasing, and he's glad that he did not end up with a white ball of nothing.
This was an idea I wanted to implement, I got this welder's mask for christmas and I have not really used it much. Props to mom for the prop, hope to use it more in the future.
Explored-9-1-2012 #343
SOOC-no photoshop, not even a crop. Straight from the memory card to your eyes.
Japan tour is loved from whole world.
I'm glad as I'm one of Japanese.
There are probably so many people visited downtown Asakusa.
I was born in this town.
I'd like to introduce a slice of the downtown, this post.
There is Sanya(山谷) where is placed near by Asakusa.
Sanya used to has many cheap inns for poor day laborers.
And the town was crowded by them.
My mom often said 'Do not go to Sanya town' when I was a kid.
Although Now It is a popular from backpackers, many laborers are still here at now.
If they didn't get day income, they come to Asakusa from Sanya and sleep on Nakamise-street at night.
This old woman is too.
Downtown is downtown.
It is not pure tourist site.
Asakusa, Tokyo, Japan.
more photos:
www.flickr.com/photos/61147735@N05/
*I'm a member of Tokyo night photography(東京夜間写真部)
We will hold the photo exhibition at Harajuku Japan on April 2020.
LABORERS-One of my favorite photos ............................... MYSORE, INDIA
A father and child, untouchables, having worked all day,mounted on an oxen cart in the early evening, with empty stomachs and very modest dreams as they pass by the Lalitha Mahal Palace, the second largest palace in Mysore. They will never enter the Palace or acquire wealth in their present lives. They will hope in their reincarnated lives ( if they are Hindus ) to be born again wealthy.
India has always witnessed a wide gap between the rich and the poor. This disparity has only increased over the years. The rich have become richer and the poor, well, poorer. Yes, there’s been great economic development and industrialization; but it has served to benefit only the entrepreneurs. The salaried employed have not been able to rise above the middle class.
Photography’s new conscience
her face filled with dust, dirt and horrible grime.
her lips bone dried from the strong unforgiving sun.
both will carry huge rocks/limestone on their heads all day long in the hot sun with few breaks and no complaints. They will never ever mention their low pay, work conditions, heat, the bosses sexual innuendos, benefits, raises, commutes, iras, retirement packages, sexism, nothing.
Their mouths are kept shut...............except for small talk..........
they will do the job for as little as a few dollars a day..... if that much and even with infant in utero proceed to do their job without the slightest grievance!
Jaipur
Photography’s new conscience
Ga-Matoran laborer of Voya Nui, wrongly sent to Karzahni and subjected to his repairs. Of late her mood swings have gotten worse and she has begun to push away many of her fellow villagers. She now lives in a small hut along the coast of the island, disturbed only by the occasional traveler and Rodakii when he ventures north to check on her.
Volruuka has been posted here once before, only I have elected to give her a different Hordika mask to fit with Gaatus and Rodakii. She now sports a Noble Mask of Rahi Control.
I’m going to officially dedicate this creation to L.A.Miranda, who took a particular liking to Volrukka and left a very heart-felt comment about her. I hope you love this version just as much!
Possibly my favorite part of the trip was running along the shipping ports in Dhaka and Chittagong. This photo was taken right up from the river where men were swinging axes and women were gathering the dirt in the sunset.
On the way from Marla back to the Col des Bœufs.
Auf dem Weg von Marla zurück zum Col des Bœufs.
The Cirque de Mafate is a caldera on Réunion Island (France; located in the Indian Ocean). It was formed from the collapse of the large shield volcano the Piton des Neiges.
The very remote and inaccessible cirque was settled in the 19th century by maroon slaves (i.e. slaves who had escaped from their masters), then later by poor white laborers. It owes its name to one maroon leader.
The cirque is entirely enclosed by mountains, especially tall cliffs, known as remparts, save for the sole river exiting, the Rivière des Galets ("river of the pebbles"). Inside the cirque, there are considerable declivities. The îlets are pieces of more-or-less flat lands, on which the hamlets are located.
The name "Mafate" comes from the Malagasy word "Mahafaty", which means lethal, an allusion to the difficulty for accessing the Cirque.
The cirque has one village, La Nouvelle, and several hamlets: Marla, Roche-Plate, the Îlet-aux-Orangers, etc.
The Cirque is entirely public property, managed by the Forestry service, from which the inhabitants rent inexpensive concessions.
There is no main electrical supply. Inhabitants thus produce their own electricity using solar panels (with battery storage), and occasionally diesel generators. However, fuel for the latter must be brought by helicopter at high cost. Because of the reduced available power supply, inhabitants systematically use low-consumption (fluorescent) light bulbs.
Similarly, all inhabitants use solar water heaters. These can be supplemented by gas-powered heaters — but gas canisters must also be brought by helicopter.
La Nouvelle and hamlets have grocery stores where staples can be bought from. Typically, these stores also provide some limited bar and restaurant services (hot coffee and local fast food, such as samosas).
Many inhabitants have opened gîtes (dormitories, WC and showers) where hikers can stay for the night, and often dine, for a fee.
La Nouvelle and several of the hamlets have elementary schools. In 2005, the school at Marla reopened with 6 pupils after being closed for an insufficient number of schoolchildren. There are no secondary nor higher education facilities.
There are several dispensaries between which a few nurses rotate, as well as scheduled visits of a physician, but no permanent health care facilities. All emergencies have to be evacuated by helicopter. There is no Gendarmerie station
One originality of Mafate is that there are no roads. Because of this, it is a major attraction for hikers willing to experience some unspoiled nature, while still benefiting from grocery stores and other amenities. For this reason, with the impending creation of a national park on the heights of Réunion, it seems very unlikely that roads would be ever built.
All access, including for supplies, is by foot or helicopter. There are a number of footpaths for accessing the cirque, among which:
By the Col des Bœufs ("pass of the oxen"), from the Cirque de Salazie, leading to La Nouvelle. This way is the easiest, since there is a forestry road leading to parking lots at the pass.
By the Col du Taïbit from the Cirque de Cilaos.
By the Canalisation des Orangers on the heights of Saint Paul (Réunion).
(Wikipedia)
Der Cirque de Mafate im französischen Übersee-Département Réunion ist die nordwestliche Caldera des Piton des Neiges. Der Talkessel, der größtenteils auf dem Gemeindegebiet von La Possession liegt, erstreckt sich in Nord-Süd-Richtung über etwa zehn Kilometer und in Ost-West-Richtung über etwa fünf Kilometer. Vom Gipfel Grand Bénare fallen die fast senkrechten Felswände über rund 1600 m ab. Der Cirque de Mafate ist die isolierteste Caldera in der Region, die nur zu Fuß oder per Hubschrauber zu erreichen ist. Die Versorgung der lokalen Ortschaften erfolgt heute hauptsächlich durch Hubschrauber, bis vor wenigen Jahren noch in hohen Maße zu Fuß, meistens über den Pass Col des Bœufs (1956 m), der auf einer gut ausgebauten Forststraße vom Cirque de Salazie erreicht werden kann.
Seit August 2010 gehören neben dem Cirque de Mafate auch noch der Cirque de Salazie, der Cirque de Cilaos und der alles überragende Vulkan Piton des Neiges, die alle im Nationalpark Réunion liegen, unter dem Titel Pitons, cirques et remparts de l’île de La Réunion (dt: Gipfel, Talkessel und Steilhänge der Insel Réunion) zum UNESCO-Weltnaturerbe.
(Wikipedia)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Battle of Peleliu
Part of the Mariana and Palau Islands campaign of the Pacific Theater (World War II)
The first wave of U.S. Marines in LVTs during the invasion of Peleliu on September 15, 1944
Date15 September – 27 November 1944
(2 months, 1 week and 5 days)
Location
Peleliu, Palau Islands
7°00′N 134°15′ECoordinates: 7°00′N 134°15′E
ResultAmerican victory
Belligerents
United States Japan
Commanders and leaders
United States William H. Rupertus
United States Paul J. Mueller
United States Roy S. Geiger
United States Herman H. Hanneken
United States Harold D. Harris
United States Lewis B. PullerEmpire of Japan Kunio Nakagawa †
Empire of Japan Sadae Inoue
Units involved
United States III Amphibious Corps
1st Marine Division
81st Infantry Division
Additional support units
Empire of Japan Peleliu garrison
14th Infantry Division
49th Mixed Brigade
45th Guard Force
46th Base Force
Additional support units
Strength
47,561[1]:3610,900[1]:37
17 tanks[2]
Casualties and losses
10,786
2,336 killed
8,450 wounded[3]10,897
10,695 killed
202 captured (183 foreign laborers, 19 Japanese soldiers)[1]:89[3]
17 tanks lost
Battle of Peleliu is located in Palau
Battle of Peleliu
Mariana and Palau Islands campaign
The Battle of Peleliu, codenamed Operation Stalemate II by the United States military, was fought between the U.S. and Japan during the Mariana and Palau Campaign of World War II, from September to November 1944, on the island of Peleliu.
U.S. Marines of the 1st Marine Division, and later soldiers of the U.S. Army's 81st Infantry Division, fought to capture an airstrip on the small coral island of Peleliu. This battle was part of a larger offensive campaign known as Operation Forager, which ran from June to November 1944, in the Pacific Theater.
Major General William Rupertus, Commander of the 1st Marine Division, predicted the island would be secured within four days.[4] However, after repeated Imperial Army defeats in previous island campaigns, Japan had developed new island-defense tactics and well-crafted fortifications that allowed stiff resistance,[5] extending the battle through more than two months. The heavily outnumbered Japanese defenders put up such stiff resistance, often fighting to the death in the Emperor's name, that the island became known in Japanese as the "Emperor's Island."[6]
In the United States, this was a controversial battle because of the island's negligible strategic value and the high casualty rate, which exceeded that of all other amphibious operations during the Pacific War.[7] The National Museum of the Marine Corps called it "the bitterest battle of the war for the Marines".[8]
Background
By 1944, American victories in the Southwest and Central Pacific had brought the war closer to Japan, with American bombers able to strike at the Japanese main islands from air bases secured during the Mariana Islands campaign (June–August 1944). There was disagreement among the U.S. Joint Chiefs over two proposed strategies to defeat the Japanese Empire. The strategy proposed by General Douglas MacArthur called for the recapture of the Philippines, followed by the capture of Okinawa, then an attack on the Japanese mainland. Admiral Chester Nimitz favored a more direct strategy of bypassing the Philippines, but seizing Okinawa and Taiwan as staging areas to an attack on the Japanese mainland, followed by the future invasion of Japan's southernmost islands. Both strategies included the invasion of Peleliu, but for different reasons.[9]
The 1st Marine Division had already been chosen to make the assault. President Franklin D. Roosevelt traveled to Pearl Harbor to personally meet both commanders and hear their arguments. MacArthur's strategy was chosen. However, before MacArthur could retake the Philippines, the Palau Islands, specifically Peleliu and Angaur, were to be neutralized and an airfield built to protect MacArthur's right flank.
Preparations
Japanese
By 1944, Peleliu Island was occupied by about 11,000 Japanese of the 14th Infantry Division with Korean and Okinawan labourers. Colonel Kunio Nakagawa, commander of the division's 2nd Regiment, led the preparations for the island's defense.
After their losses in the Solomons, Gilberts, Marshalls, and Marianas, the Imperial Army assembled a research team to develop new island-defense tactics. They chose to abandon the old strategy of stopping the enemy at the beach, where they were exposed to naval gunfire. The new tactics would only disrupt the landings at the water's edge and depend on an in-depth defense farther inland. Colonel Nakagawa used the rough terrain to his advantage, by constructing a system of heavily fortified bunkers, caves, and underground positions all interlocked into a "honeycomb" system. The traditional "banzai charge" attack was also discontinued as being both wasteful of men and ineffective. These changes would force the Americans into a war of attrition, requiring increasingly more resources.
Japanese fortifications
Nakagawa's defenses were centred on Peleliu's highest point, Umurbrogol Mountain, a collection of hills and steep ridges located at the center of Peleliu overlooking a large portion of the island, including the crucial airfield. The Umurbrogol contained some 500 limestone caves, interconnected by tunnels. Many of these were former mine shafts that were turned into defensive positions. Engineers added sliding armored steel doors with multiple openings to serve both artillery and machine guns. Cave entrances were opened or altered to be slanted as a defense against grenade and flamethrower attacks. The caves and bunkers were connected to a vast tunnel and trench system throughout central Peleliu, which allowed the Japanese to evacuate or reoccupy positions as needed, and to take advantage of shrinking interior lines.
The Japanese were well armed with 81 mm (3.19 in) and 150 mm (5.9 in) mortars and 20 mm (0.79 in) anti-aircraft cannons, backed by a light tank unit and an anti-aircraft detachment.
The Japanese also used the beach terrain to their advantage. The northern end of the landing beaches faced a 30-foot (9.1 m) coral promontory that overlooked the beaches from a small peninsula, a spot later known to the Marines who assaulted it simply as "The Point". Holes were blasted into the ridge to accommodate a 47 mm (1.85 in) gun, and six 20 mm cannons. The positions were then sealed shut, leaving just a small slit to fire on the beaches. Similar positions were crafted along the 2-mile (3.2 km) stretch of landing beaches.
The beaches were also filled with thousands of obstacles for the landing craft, principally mines and a large number of heavy artillery shells buried with the fuses exposed to explode when they were run over. A battalion was placed along the beach to defend against the landing, but they were meant to merely delay the inevitable American advance inland.
American
Unlike the Japanese, who drastically altered their tactics for the upcoming battle, the American invasion plan was unchanged from that of previous amphibious landings, even after suffering 3,000 casualties and two months of delaying tactics against the entrenched Japanese defenders at the Battle of Biak.[10] On Peleliu, American planners chose to land on the southwest beaches because of their proximity to the airfield on South Peleliu. The 1st Marine Regiment, commanded by Colonel Lewis B. (Chesty) Puller, was to land on the northern end of the beaches. The 5th Marine Regiment, under Colonel Harold D. Harris, would land in the center, and the 7th Marine Regiment, under Col. Herman H. Hanneken, would land at the southern end.
The division's artillery regiment, the 11th Marines under Col. William H. Harrison, would land after the infantry regiments. The plan was for the 1st and 7th Marines to push inland, guarding the 5th Marines left and right flank, and allowing them to capture the airfield located directly to the center of the landing beaches. The 5th Marines were to push to the eastern shore, cutting the island in half. The 1st Marines would push north into the Umurbrogol, while the 7th Marines would clear the southern end of the island. Only one battalion was left behind in reserve, with the U.S. Army's 81st Infantry Division available for support from Angaur, just south of Peleliu.
On September 4, the Marines shipped off from their station on Pavuvu, just north of Guadalcanal, a 2,100-mile (3,400 km) trip across the Pacific to Peleliu. A U.S. Navy's Underwater Demolition Team went in first to clear the beaches of obstacles, while Navy warships began their pre-invasion bombardment of Peleliu on September 12.
The battleships Pennsylvania, Maryland, Mississippi, Tennessee and Idaho, heavy cruisers Indianapolis, Louisville, Minneapolis and Portland, and light cruisers Cleveland, Denver and Honolulu,[1]:29 led by the command ship Mount McKinley, subjected the tiny island, only 6 sq mi (16 km2) in size, to a massive three-day bombardment, pausing only to permit air strikes from the three aircraft carriers, five light aircraft carriers, and eleven escort carriers with the attack force.[11] A total of 519 rounds of 16 in (410 mm) shells, 1,845 rounds of 14 in (360 mm) shells and 1,793 500 lb (230 kg) bombs were dropped on the islands during this period.
The Americans believed the bombardment to be successful, as Rear Admiral Jesse Oldendorf claimed that the Navy had run out of targets.[11] In reality, the majority of the Japanese positions were completely unharmed. Even the battalion left to defend the beaches was virtually unscathed. During the assault, the island's defenders exercised unusual firing discipline to avoid giving away their positions. The bombardment managed only to destroy Japan's aircraft on the island, as well as the buildings surrounding the airfield. The Japanese remained in their fortified positions, ready to attack the American landing troops.
Opposing forces
Naval command structure for Operation Stalemate II
Admiral Chester W. Nimitz
Admiral William F. Halsey, Jr.
Vice Adm. Theo. S. Wilkinson
Expeditionary Troops and III Amphibious Corps commanders
Maj. Gen. Julian C. Smith
Maj. Gen. Roy S. Geiger
Marine ground commanders on Peleliu
Maj. Gen. William H. Rupertus
Oliver P. Smith as a major general
Lewis B. Puller as a major general
American order of battle
United States Pacific Fleet[12]
Admiral Chester W. Nimitz
US Third Fleet
Admiral William F. Halsey, Jr.
Joint Expeditionary Force (Task Force 31)
Vice Admiral Theodore S. Wilkinson
Expeditionary Troops (Task Force 36)
III Amphibious Corps[a]
Major General Julian C. Smith,[b] USMC
Western Landing Force (TG 36.1)
Major General Roy S. Geiger, USMC
1st Marine Division
Division Commander: Maj. Gen. William H. Rupertus,[c] USMC
Asst. Division Commander: Brig. Gen. Oliver P. Smith,[d] USMC
Chief of Staff: Col. John T. Selden, USMC
Beach assignments
Left (White 1 & 2)
1st Marine Regiment (Col. Lewis B. "Chesty" Puller,[e] USMC)
Co. A of the following: 1st Engineer Battalion, 1st Pioneer Battalion, 1st Medical Battalion, 1st Tank Battalion
Center (Orange 1 & 2)
5th Marine Regiment (Col. Harold D. "Bucky" Harris, USMC)
Co. B of the following: 1st Engineer Battalion, 1st Pioneer Battalion, 1st Medical Battalion, 1st Tank Battalion (reduced)
Right (Orange 3)
7th Marine Regiment (Col. Herman H. "Hard-Headed" Hanneken, USMC)
Co. C of the following: 1st Engineer Battalion, 1st Pioneer Battalion, 1st Medical Battalion, 1st Tank Battalion (reduced)
Other units
11th Marine Regiment, Artillery (Col. William H. Harrison, USMC)
12th Antiaircraft Artillery Battalion
1st Amphibian Tractor Battalion
3rd Armored Amphibian Tractor Battalion
4th, 5th, 6th Marine War Dog Platoons
UDT 6 and UDT 7
Japanese order of battle
Lt. Col. Kunio Nakagawa
Marine with captured Japanese 141mm mortar
Palau District Group[15]
Lieutenant General Inoue Sadao[f] (HQ on Koror Island)
Vice Admiral Yoshioka Ito
Maj. Gen. Kenjiro Murai[g]
14th Division (Lt. Gen. Sadao)
Peleliu Sector Unit (Lt. Col. Kunio Nakagawa[h])
2nd Infantry Regiment, Reinforced
2nd Bttn. / 2nd Infantry Regiment
3rd Bttn. / 2nd Infantry Regiment
3rd Bttn. / 15th Infantry Regiment
346th Bttn. / 53rd Independent Mixed Brigade
Battle
Landing
Routes of Allied landings on Peleliu, 15 September 1944
U.S. Marines landed on Peleliu at 08:32, on September 15, the 1st Marines to the north on White Beach 1 and 2 and the 5th and 7th Marines to the center and south on Orange Beach 1, 2, and 3.[1]:42–45 As the other landing craft approached the beaches, the Marines were caught in a crossfire when the Japanese opened the steel doors guarding their positions and fired artillery. The positions on the coral promontories guarding each flank fired on the Marines with 47 mm guns and 20 mm cannons. By 09:30, the Japanese had destroyed 60 LVTs and DUKWs.
5th Marines on Orange Beach
The 1st Marines were quickly bogged down by heavy fire from the extreme left flank and a 30-foot-high coral ridge, "The Point".[1]:49 Colonel Chesty Puller narrowly escaped death when a dud high velocity artillery round struck his LVT. His communications section was destroyed on its way to the beach by a hit from a 47 mm round. The 7th Marines faced a cluttered Orange Beach 3, with natural and man-made obstacles, forcing the Amtracs to approach in column.[1]:52
The 5th Marines made the most progress on the first day, aided by cover provided by coconut groves.[1]:51 They pushed toward the airfield, but were met with Nakagawa's first counterattack. His armored tank company raced across the airfield to push the Marines back, but was soon engaged by tanks, howitzers, naval guns, and dive bombers. Nakagawa's tanks and escorting infantrymen were quickly destroyed.[1]:57
At the end of the first day, the Americans held their 2-mile (3.2 km) stretch of landing beaches, but little else. Their biggest push in the south moved 1 mile (1.6 km) inland, but the 1st Marines to the north made very little progress because of the extremely thick resistance.[1]:42 The Marines had suffered 200 dead and 900 wounded. Rupertus, still unaware of his enemy's change of tactics, believed the Japanese would quickly crumble since their perimeter had been broken.[18]
Airfield/South Peleliu
On the second day, the 5th Marines moved to capture the airfield and push toward the eastern shore.[1]:61 They ran across the airfield, enduring heavy artillery fire from the highlands to the north, suffering heavy casualties in the process. After capturing the airfield, they rapidly advanced to the eastern end of Peleliu, leaving the island's southern defenders to be destroyed by the 7th Marines.[1]:58
This area was hotly contested by the Japanese, who still occupied numerous pillboxes. Heat indices[19] were around[20] 115 °F (46 °C), and the Marines soon suffered high casualties from heat exhaustion. Further complicating the situation, the Marines' water was distributed in empty oil drums, contaminating the water with the oil residue.[21] Still, by the eighth day the 5th and 7th Marines had accomplished their objectives, holding the airfield and the southern portion of the island, although the airfield remained under threat of sustained Japanese fire from the heights of Umurbrogol Mountain until the end of the battle.[11]
American forces put the airfield to use on the third day. L-2 Grasshoppers from VMO-3 began aerial spotting missions for Marine artillery and naval gunfire support. On September 26 (D+11), Marine F4U Corsairs from VMF-114 landed on the airstrip. The Corsairs began dive-bombing missions across Peleliu, firing rockets into open cave entrances for the infantrymen, and dropping napalm; it was only the second time the latter weapon had been used in the Pacific.[citation needed] Napalm proved useful, burning away the vegetation hiding spider holes and usually killing their occupants.
The time from liftoff to the target area for the Corsairs based on Peleliu Airfield was very short, sometimes only 10 to 15 seconds. Consequently, there was almost no time for pilots to raise their aircraft undercarriage; most pilots did not bother and left them down during the air strike. After the air strike was completed and the payload dropped, the Corsair simply turned back into the landing pattern again.
The Point
The fortress at the end of the southern landing beaches (a.k.a. “The Point”) continued to cause heavy Marine casualties due to enfilading fire from Japanese heavy machine guns and anti-tank artillery across the landing beaches. Puller ordered Captain George P. Hunt, commander of K Company, 3rd Battalion, 1st Marines, to capture the position. Hunt's company approached The Point short on supplies, having lost most of its machine guns while approaching the beaches. Hunt's second platoon was pinned down for nearly a day in an anti-tank trench between fortifications. The rest of his company was endangered when the Japanese cut a hole in their line, surrounding his company and leaving his right flank cut off.[1]:49
However, a rifle platoon began knocking out the Japanese gun positions one by one. Using smoke grenades for concealment, the platoon swept through each hole, destroying the positions with rifle grenades and close-quarters combat. After knocking out the six machine gun positions, the Marines faced the 47 mm gun cave. A lieutenant blinded the 47 mm gunner's visibility with a smoke grenade, allowing Corporal Henry W. Hahn to launch a grenade through the cave's aperture. The grenade detonated the 47 mm's shells, forcing the cave's occupants out with their bodies alight and their ammunition belts exploding around their waists. A Marine fire team was positioned on the flank of the cave where the emerging occupants were shot down.
K Company had captured The Point, but Nakagawa counterattacked. The next 30 hours saw four major counterattacks against a sole company, critically low on supplies, out of water, and surrounded. The Marines soon had to resort to hand-to-hand combat to fend off the Japanese attackers. By the time reinforcements arrived, the company had successfully repulsed all of the Japanese attacks, but had been reduced to 18 men, suffering 157 casualties during the battle for The Point.[1]:50–51 Hunt and Hahn were both awarded the Navy Cross for their actions.
Ngesebus Island
The 5th Marines—after having secured the airfield—were sent to capture Ngesebus Island, just north of Peleliu. Ngesebus was occupied by many Japanese artillery positions, and was the site of an airfield still under construction. The tiny island was connected to Peleliu by a small causeway, but 5th Marines commander Harris opted instead to make a shore-to-shore amphibious landing, predicting the causeway to be an obvious target for the island's defenders.[1]:77
Harris coordinated a pre-landing bombardment of the island on September 28, carried out by Army 155 mm (6.1 in) guns, naval guns, howitzers from the 11th Marines, strafing runs from VMF-114's Corsairs, and 75 mm (2.95 in) fire from the approaching LVTs.[1]:77 Unlike the Navy's bombardment of Peleliu, Harris' assault on Ngesebus successfully killed most of the Japanese defenders. The Marines still faced opposition in the ridges and caves, but the island fell quickly, with relatively light casualties for the 5th Marines. They had suffered 15 killed and 33 wounded, and inflicted 470 casualties on the Japanese.
Bloody Nose Ridge
After capturing The Point, the 1st Marines moved north into the Umurbrogol pocket,[1]:81 named "Bloody Nose Ridge" by the Marines. Puller led his men in numerous assaults, but each resulted in severe casualties from Japanese fire. The 1st Marines were trapped in the narrow paths between the ridges, with each ridge fortification supporting the other with deadly crossfire.
The Marines took increasingly high casualties as they slowly advanced through the ridges. The Japanese again showed unusual fire discipline, striking only when they could inflict maximum casualties. As casualties mounted, Japanese snipers began to take aim at stretcher bearers, knowing that if stretcher bearers were injured or killed, more would have to return to replace them, and the snipers could steadily pick off more and more Marines. The Japanese also infiltrated the American lines at night to attack the Marines in their fighting holes. The Marines built two-man fighting holes, so one Marine could sleep while the other kept watch for infiltrators.
One particularly bloody battle on Bloody Nose came when the 1st Battalion, 1st Marines—under the command of Major Raymond Davis—attacked Hill 100. Over six days of fighting, the battalion suffered 71% casualties. Captain Everett Pope and his company penetrated deep into the ridges, leading his remaining 90 men to seize what he thought was Hill 100. It took a day's fighting to reach what he thought was the crest of the hill, which was in fact another ridge occupied by more Japanese defenders.
Marine Pfc. Douglas Lightheart (right) cradles his .30 caliber (7.62×63mm) M1919 Browning machine gun in his lap, while he and Pfc. Gerald Thursby Sr. take a cigarette break, during mopping up operations on Peleliu on 15 September 1944.
Trapped at the base of the ridge, Captain Pope set up a small defense perimeter, which was attacked relentlessly by the Japanese throughout the night. The Marines soon ran out of ammunition, and had to fight the attackers with knives and fists, even resorting to throwing coral rock and empty ammunition boxes at the Japanese. Pope and his men managed to hold out until dawn came, which brought on more deadly fire. When they evacuated the position, only nine men remained. Pope later received the Medal of Honor for the action. (Picture of the Peleliu Memorial dedicated on the 50th anniversary of the landing on Peleliu with Captain Pope's name)
The Japanese eventually inflicted 70% casualties on Puller's 1st Marines, or 1,749 men.[1]:66 After six days of fighting in the ridges of Umurbrogol, General Roy Geiger, commander of the III Amphibious Corps, sent elements of U.S. Army's 81st Infantry Division to Peleliu to relieve the regiment.[1]:66 The 321st Regiment Combat Team landed on the western beaches of Peleliu—at the northern end of Umurbrogol mountain—on 23 September. The 321st and the 7th Marines encircled The Pocket by 24 Sept., D+9.[1]:75,81
By 15 October, the 7th Marines had suffered 46% casualties and General Geiger relieved them with the 5th Marines.[1]:83 Col. Harris adopted siege tactics, using bulldozers and flame-thrower tanks, pushing from the north.[1]:83–84 On October 30, the 81st Infantry Division took over command of Peleliu, taking another six weeks, with the same tactics, to reduce The Pocket.[1]:85
On 24 November, Nakagawa proclaimed "Our sword is broken and we have run out of spears". He then burnt his regimental colors and performed ritual suicide.[1]:86 He was posthumously promoted to lieutenant general for his valor displayed on Peleliu. On 27 November, the island was declared secure, ending the 73-day-long battle.[18]
A Japanese lieutenant with twenty-six 2nd Infantry soldiers and eight 45th Guard Force sailors held out in the caves in Peleliu until April 22, 1947, and surrendered after a Japanese admiral convinced them the war was over.[1]:81
Aftermath
The reduction of the Japanese pocket around Umurbrogol mountain has been called the most difficult fight that the U.S. military encountered in the entire war.[21] The 1st Marine Division was severely mauled and it remained out of action until the invasion of Okinawa began on April 1, 1945. In total, the 1st Marine Division suffered over 6,500 casualties during their month on Peleliu, over one third of their entire division. The 81st Infantry Division also suffered heavy losses with 3,300 casualties during their tenure on the island.
Postwar statisticians calculated that it took U.S. forces over 1500 rounds of ammunition to kill each Japanese defender and that, during the course of the battle, the Americans expended 13.32 million rounds of .30-calibre, 1.52 million rounds of .45-calibre, 693,657 rounds of .50-calibre bullets, 118,262 hand grenades, and approximately 150,000 mortar rounds.[11]
The battle was controversial in the United States due to the island's lack of strategic value and the high casualty rate. The defenders lacked the means to interfere with potential US operations in the Philippines[11] and the airfield captured on Peleliu did not play a key role in subsequent operations. Instead, the Ulithi Atoll in the Caroline Islands was used as a staging base for the invasion of Okinawa. The high casualty rate exceeded all other amphibious operations during the Pacific War.[7]
In addition, few news reports were published about the battle because Rupertus' prediction of a "three days" victory motivated only six reporters to report from shore. The battle was also overshadowed by MacArthur's return to the Philippines and the Allies' push towards Germany in Europe.
The battles for Angaur and Peleliu showed Americans the pattern of future Japanese island defense but they made few adjustments for the battles for Iwo Jima and Okinawa.[22] Naval bombardment prior to amphibious assault at Iwo Jima was only slightly more effective than at Peleliu, but at Okinawa the preliminary shelling was much improved.[23] Frogmen performing underwater demolition at Iwo Jima confused the enemy by sweeping both coasts, but later alerted Japanese defenders to the exact assault beaches at Okinawa.[23] American ground forces at Peleliu gained experience in assaulting heavily fortified positions such as they would find again at Okinawa.[24]
On the recommendation of Admiral William F. Halsey, Jr., the planned occupation of Yap Island in the Caroline Islands was canceled. Halsey actually recommended that the landings on Peleliu and Angaur be canceled, too, and their Marines and soldiers be thrown into Leyte Island instead, but was overruled by Nimitz.[25]
In popular culture
In the March of Time's 1951 documentary TV series, Crusade in the Pacific, Episode 17 is "The Fight for Bloody Nose Ridge."
In NBC-TV's 1952-53 documentary TV series Victory at Sea, Episode 18, "Two if by Sea" covers the assaults at Peleliu and Angaur.
The Battle of Peleliu is featured in many World War II themed video games, including Call of Duty: World at War. The player takes the role of a US Marine tasked with taking Peleliu Airfield, repelling counter-attacks, destroying machine-gun and mortar positions and eventually securing Japanese artillery emplacements at the point. In flight-simulation game War Thunder, two teams of players clash to hold the southern and northern airfields. In multi-player shooter Red Orchestra 2: Rising Storm, a team of American troops attack the defensive Japanese team's control points.
The battle including footage and stills are featured in the fifth episode of Ken Burns' The War.
The battle features in episodes 5, 6 and 7 of the TV mini-series The Pacific.
In his book, With the Old Breed, Eugene Bondurant Sledge described his experiences in the battle for Peleliu.
In 2015, the Japanese magazine Young Animal commenced serialization of Peleliu: Rakuen no Guernica by Masao Hiratsuka and artist Kazuyoshi Takeda, telling the story of the battle in manga form.
One of the final scenes in Parer's War, a 2014 Australian television film, shows the Battle of Peleliu recorded by Damien Parer with his camera at the time of his death.
The Peleliu Campaign features as one of the campaigns in the 2019 solitaire tactical wargame “Fields of Fire” Volume 2, designed by Ben Hull, published by GMT Games LLC.
Individual honors
Japan
Posthumous promotions
For heroism:
Colonel Kunio Nakagawa – lieutenant general
Kenjiro Murai – lieutenant general
United States
Pfc. Richard Kraus, USMC (age 18), killed in action
Medal of Honor recipients
Captain Everett P. Pope – 1st Battalion, 1st Marines
First Lieutenant Carlton R. Rouh – 1st Battalion, 5th Marines
Private First Class Arthur J. Jackson – 3rd Battalion, 7th Marines
Corporal Lewis K. Bausell –1st Battalion, 5th Marines (Posthumous)
Private First Class Richard E. Kraus – 8th Amphibian Tractor Battalion, 1st Marine Division (Reinforced) (Posthumous)
Private First Class John D. New – 2nd Battalion, 7th Marines (Posthumous)
Private First Class Wesley Phelps – 3rd Battalion, 7th Marines (Posthumous)
Private First Class Charles H. Roan – 2nd Battalion, 7th Marines (Posthumous)
Unit citations
D-day Peleliu, African Americans of one of the two segregated units that supported the 7th Marines - the 16th Marine Field Depot or the 17th Naval Construction Battalion Special take a break in the 115 degree heat, 09-15-1944 - NARA - 532535
Presidential Unit Citation:
1st Marine Division, September 15 to 29, 1944[26]
1st Amphibian Tractor Battalion, FMF[27]
U. S. Navy Flame Thrower Unit Attached[27]
6th Amphibian Tractor Battalion (Provisional), FMF[27]
3d Armored Amphibian Battalion (Provisional), FMF[27]
Detachment Eighth Amphibian Tractor Battalion, FMF[27]
454th Amphibian Truck Company, U. S. Army[27]
456th Amphibian Truck Company, U. S. Army[27]
4th Joint Assault Signal Company, FMF[27]
5th Separate Wire Platoon, FMF[27]
6th Separate Wire Platoon, FMF[27]
Detachment 33rd Naval Construction Battalion (202 Personnel)[27]
Detachment 73rd Naval Construction Battalion's Shore Party (241 Personnel)[27]
USMC Commendatory Letter:[i]
11th Marine Depot Company (segregated)
7th Marine Ammunition Company (segregated)
17th Special Naval Construction Battalion (segregated)
Luis, a homeless day laborer from Mexico and heroin addict, has been camping with Jamie and some others for the last month. I found them soon after the sanitation department had come and taken away all of their possessions: Winter blankets, carts, clothes, everything. They spent the cold, wet day collecting new beddings.
Luis and the rest were in good spirits. He insisted on having his picture taken with the Santa hat. I asked him if he was okay with me posting his picture, and he said "Yes, who knows, maybe my family in Mexico will see it."
More on Addiction: Faces of Addiction
May Day- Remembering those who came before to advocate and fight for the common man! Workers of the world unite!
The Library of Congress agricultural day laborer 1939
I claim no rights other than colorizing this image if you wish to use let me know and always give due credit to The Library of Congress. I have no commercial gain in publishing this image.
Title
Woman agricultural day laborer standing in the doorway of her tent home. Near Webbers Falls, Oklahoma. Muskogee County
Names
Lee, Russell, 1903-1986, photographer
Created / Published
1939 June.
Headings
- United States--Oklahoma--Muskogee County--Webbers Falls
- Day laborers, migrants--Muskogee County--Oklahoma
Headings
Safety film negatives.
Genre
Safety film negatives
Notes
- Title and other information from caption card.
- Transfer; United States. Office of War Information. Overseas Picture Division. Washington Division; 1944.
- More information about the FSA/OWI Collection is available at hdl.loc.gov/loc.pnp/pp.fsaowi
- Temp. note: usf34batch4
- Film copy on SIS roll 23, frame 269.
Medium
1 negative : safety ; 3 1/4 x 4 1/4 inches or smaller.
Call Number/Physical Location
LC-USF34- 033411-D [P&P] LOT 523 (corresponding photographic print)
Source Collection
Farm Security Administration - Office of War Information Photograph Collection (Library of Congress)
Repository
Library of Congress Prints & Photographs Division Washington, D.C. 20540 USA hdl.loc.gov/loc.pnp/pp.print
Digital Id
fsa 8b22038 //hdl.loc.gov/loc.pnp/fsa.8b22038
Library of Congress Control Number
2017783469
Reproduction Number
LC-USF34-033411-D (b&w film neg.)
Rights Advisory
No known restrictions. For information, see U.S. Farm Security Administration/Office of War Information Black & White Photographs www.loc.gov/rr/print/res/071_fsab.html
Online Format
image
LCCN Permalink
a man
with all his might
and all his power
will move half a ton of
produce up an incline.............
10 hours a day
7 days a week
-------------------------------
but will never
leave his caste
his Karma
his poverty
his fate
AGRA
Photography’s new conscience
Wolcott, Marion Post,, 1910-1990,, photographer.
Day-laborers picking cotton near Clarksdale, Miss.
1939 Nov.
1 slide : color.
Notes:
Title from FSA or OWI agency caption.
Transfer from U.S. Office of War Information, 1944.
Subjects:
Cotton plantations
Harvesting
United States--Mississippi--Clarksdale
Format: Slides--Color
Rights Info: No known restrictions on publication.
Repository: Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division, Washington, D.C. 20540 USA, hdl.loc.gov/loc.pnp/pp.print
Part Of: Farm Security Administration - Office of War Information Collection 11671-8 (DLC) 93845501
General information about the FSA/OWI Color Photographs is available at hdl.loc.gov/loc.pnp/pp.fsac
Higher resolution image is available (Persistent URL): hdl.loc.gov/loc.pnp/fsac.1a34337
Call Number: LC-USF35-145
Back in the fall of 1978 my temporary laborers job ended on the Erie Western at Griffith, Indiana.
Then...I was offered another temp. job as midnight operator at "WR" in Huntington, Indiana. "WR" controlled the crosing of the Erie Western and the former Wabash Kansas City - Detroit mainline. Having little else going on I accepted.
This position lasted about three months until I was laid off from the Erie Western for good.
This was the board I spent my time at. At one time it controlled the Erie Lackawanna from Huntington to Aldine, Indiana. By now it controlled little more than the interlocking at Huntington.
I whiled away the hours here by looking over the many N&W trains and listening to really bad top forty radio out of Fort Wayne.
Interesting times for sure.
The Memorial to Enslaved Laborers at UVa is etched with the names of people whose lives were destroyed by slavery along with quotes and anecdotes from survivors. One reads:
"Can we forget the crack of the whip, cowhide, whipping post, the auction block, the hand-cuffs, the spaniels, the iron collar, the negro-trader tearing the young child from it's mother's breast as a whelp from the lioness? Have we forgotten that by those horrible cruelties, hundreds of our race have been killed? No, we have not, nor ever will." -- Isabella Gibbons, 1867
Rolleiflex 3.5 - Ilford HP5+ @ 400 - Ilfotec DD-X - dslr scan - Nikon D810 - Micro Nikkor 105 2.8
Women laborers
earning maybe 1- 2 dollars a day
carrying pounds of rocks on their head , to and fro
men do the loading..
no WHEELBARROW has been invented in INDIA yet
Delhi railroad station
Photography’s new conscience
"Chinese "Friendship Arch",
CHINATOWN HISTORY
During the late 1840’s, many Chinese laborers, mostly male, starting coming into the United States. They were drawn to the states due to the rumors and promises of higher wages. This was during the time of the civil war and economic stagnation in their home town of China. Many of these Chinese wanted to strike it rich by coming to work in the states, and possibly find gold. They were to return to their hometown once they received the gold to live high with their families. Many of the Chinese did not strike it rich and lived in poverty for the majority of their lives. Discriminatory laws prevented most of the Chinese to establish families within the United States. This was the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882.
Once the dreams of the gold rush lightened, the Chinese moved across the country, and gathered in Chinatowns throughout the United States. They were all poor neighborhoods where the majority of the residents were male. Chinese immigrants who ended up in Philadelphia came from New Jersey and San Francisco. There were very few work opportunities for the Chinese. They would have to operate hand laundries, run small specialty shops, and work in restaurants. A lot of the men would send the money home to their families, so they had little to live off of when working in the United States.
Due to the Japanese atrocities against China during the 1930’s, and the help from the United States during the World War II, the Chinese were viewed at a different stand point. This changed federal policies against the Chinese, and opened up many new job opportunities for them as well. Since the Chinese heard, saw, and sensed the changes that came with the news of Japanese bombardment of Pearl Harbor in December of 1941. Many grieved the loss of American soldiers on that day, and also the devastation that the war brought on their country, but they still toasted to the occasion because they knew they were paired with America during the Second World War.
The discriminatory Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 was lifted in 1943 from the Chinese. The immigration of their people was still limited by the national quota system, but they still had a door open to allow their friends and family to travel over. A lot of Chinese brought their wives and children over due to the war. This gave them the name, “war brides.” The community grew more and more as families started settling in Chinatown after the war. Many businesses, churches, as well as cultural organizations also grew with the Chinese for the Chinese, ran by the Chinese. This also helped to provide services for the growing families.
東豐路 - 黄花風鈴木 / 蜜蜂黃花中 - 春天勤作工
Dongfeng road - Tecoma stans-Yellow Bells / Bee in yellow flower - The spring ground laborers
Camino de Dongfeng - stans de Tecoma - Belces amarillas / Abeja en la flor amarilla - Los trabajadores de tierra de la primavera
東豊の道 - キクの風のスズキ / ミツバチのキクの中 - 春にまめに労働者を行います
Dongfeng Straße - Tecoma stans - Gelbe Bell / Biene in der gelben Blume - Die Federbodenarbeiter
Route de Dongfeng - stans de Tecoma - Bells jaunes / Abeille dans fleur jaune - Les ouvriers de sol de printemps
Tainan Taiwan / Tainan Taiwán / 台灣台南
管樂小集 2015/02/21 Chiayi Garlic Sugar Factory performances
{View large size on fluidr / 觀看大圖}
{My Blog / 管樂小集精彩演出-觸動你的心}
{My Blog / Great Music The splendid performance touches your heart}
{My Blog / 管楽小集すばらしい公演-はあなたの心を心を打ちます}
{Mi blog / La gran música el funcionamiento espléndido toca su corazón}
{Mein Blog / Große Musik die herrliche Leistung berührt Ihr Herz}
{Mon blog / La grande musique l'exécution splendide touche votre coeur}
中文名稱：黃花風鈴木
英文名稱：Golden Trumpet-tree
學名：Tabebuia chrysantha (Jacq.) Nichols.
科名：紫葳科 (Bignoniaceae)風鈴木屬(Tabebuia)
別稱：黃金風鈴木、巴西風鈴木、伊蓓樹
原產地： 南美洲
Chinese name: Yellow wind Suzuki
English name: Golden Trumpet-tree
Systematic name: Tabebuia chrysantha (Jacq.) Nichols.
The branch leaves: Bignoniaceae (Bignoniaceae) wind Suzuki is (Tabebuia)
Alias: Gold wind Suzuki, Brazilian wind chimes wood, Iraqi bei tree
Source area: South America
Nombre chino: Viento amarillo Suzuki
Nombre inglés: Trompeta-árbol de oro
Nombre sistemático: Chrysantha de Tabebuia (Jacq.) Nichols.
Las hojas de la rama: El viento Suzuki del Bignoniaceae (Bignoniaceae) es (Tabebuia)
Alias: Viento Suzuki, madera brasileña de los carillones de viento, árbol iraquí del oro del bei
Área de fuente: Suramérica
中国語の名称：キクの風のスズキ
英文の名称：Golden Trumpet-tree
学名：Tabebuia chrysantha (Jacq.) Nichols.
科別：ノウゼンカズラ科 (Bignoniaceae)風のスズキは属します(Tabebuia)
別称：黄金の風鈴の木、ブラジルの風鈴の木、イラクbei樹
原産地： 南米
Chinesischer Name: Gelber Wind Suzuki
Englischer Name: Goldener Trompete-Baum
Systematischer Name: Tabebuia chrysantha (Jacq.) Nichols.
Die Niederlassungsblätter: Wind Suzuki des Bignoniaceae (Bignoniaceae) ist (Tabebuia)
Alias: Goldwind Suzuki, brasilianisches Windglockenspielholz, irakischer bei Baum
Quellbereich: Südamerika
Nom chinois: le vent jaune Suzuki
Nom anglais: Golden Trumpet-arbre
Nom systématique: Tabebuia chrysantha (Jacq.) Nichols.
La branche feuilles: Bignoniaceae vent (Bignoniaceae) Suzuki (Tabebuia)
Alias: le vent d'or Suzuki, le vent du Brésil carillons bois, arbre irakiens bei
Région d'origine: Amérique du Sud
Ga-Matoran laborer of Voya Nui, wrongly sent to Karzahni and subjected to his repairs. Of late her mood swings have gotten worse and she has begun to push away many of her fellow villagers. She now lives in a small hut along the coast of the island, disturbed only by the occasional traveler and Rodakii when he ventures north to check on her.
Volruuka has been posted here once before, only I have elected to give her a different Hordika mask to fit with Gaatus and Rodakii. She now sports a Noble Mask of Rahi Control.
I’m going to officially dedicate this creation to L.A.Miranda, who took a particular liking to Volrukka and left a very heart-felt comment about her. I hope you love this version just as much!
If you have time; kindly View On Black
Yes, this is the Adibashi ( or Migrant Tribal) culture of Assam. They are
an integral part of Assam. Assam owes its Tea Economy to them. Once upon a time they came from Bihar and Chotanagpur to this land of thousand cultures as Migrant Laborer to help British set up Tea gardens and produce Assam Tea.
After a hard days work let there be Song and dance – obviously in a Highly Spirited Mood.
Juggling between taking care of kids, preparing meals, working (office or street); women really have to juggle between many things and balance them. Irrespective of the socioeconomic strata, the responsibilities remain the same.
Many laborers work as daily wage laborer, till the time project is over and them move from one construction site to other. And unlike we haves, whose kids can go to a day care, their kids accompany them and are left on their own. The kid in the comment below, belonged to one of these laborers.
Shot at Russell Market. Theme - Street Action
Alex, if you happen to see it, this is without the borders :)