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Taken during my China trip 2009. Mount Emei (Emeishan) is always fantastic. The whole mountain is plenty of heritage site and wonderful nature. On Jinding summit in a fine day is wonderful and looks like heaven.
Jinding . Emeishan
fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jinding_(Emei_Shan)
金頂 . 峨眉山
zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%87%91%E9%A1%B6_(%E5%B3%A8%E7%9C%89%E5%B1%B1)
my Flickr Explore photos > www.flickr.com/photos/roderickma/albums/72157644876320979
my favorite photos > www.flickr.com/photos/roderickma/sets/72157623272274082/
my photo sets > www.flickr.com/photos/roderickma/sets
Advertising & Fashion Photographer Surinder Singh (+91-9971008151) New Delhi, India.
Model Casting Calls
www.singhstylestudio.com/model-casting-calls/
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Blessings in the wind - colorful prayer flags strung along top of Mt Emeishan - Over the Sheshen cliff 舍身崖 of the summit of Mt Emeishan, Schiuan, China - UNESCO site.
This laughing gentleman is Jindřich (Heinrich) Eckert (1833-1905) probably the most outstanding figure of the photography in the Czech lands in 19th century.
Tughlakabad WDP1M 15034 stabled at Jind Junction on the morning of Saturday 17th March 2018. It has a slight variation on the rebuilt colour scheme with full yellow ends, like 15037, which was the first so treated in October 2016. 15034 may have been the second, rebuilt in December 2016.
I think it had worked into Jind on train 54049, the 04:05 from Rohtak via Panipat.
Abu Road's WDM-3A 16759R commences its journey from Jaipur Junction at the head of Train 19717, the 16:40 Mail/Express InterCity service to Chandigarh, a journey of 592 Km via Alwar, Rewari, Jind and Ambala.
All images on this site are exclusive property and may not be copied, downloaded, reproduced, transmitted, manipulated or used in any way without expressed written permission of the photographer. All rights reserved – Copyright Don Gatehouse
(References:- K. Lal in his book Tarekh e Punjab & The crumbling glory of Sheikhupura Fort by Aown Ali)
In West Punjab (now in Pakistan), the town of Sheikhupura (about 35 km west of Lahore) is hailed a center of historically significant architecture.
The Hiran Minar (Minaret of the Antelope) and the Sheikhupura Fort make this stop a focal point of interest.
The town, now a district headquarters and one of the major industrial cities of Punjab, has grown from a village, originally called “Jahangirpura” when it was settled during the reign of the Mughal emperor, Jahangir, because of its proximity to Hiran Minar, a royal hunting resort.
The primary historical importance of the city relates to its Fort. It lays no claim to grandeur. Locally known as Qila Sheikhupura, it has gave its name to the town as well.
Construction of the fort began in the second year of Jahangir’s reign (1607). The Tuzuk-i-Jahangiri (autobiography of Jahangir) mentions that the emperor assigned the job of constructing a fort at that location to Sikandar Moeen during a hunting trip to Hiran Minar.
The two centuries that followed were mostly uneventful for the Fort. Neither a seat of government nor a target for invaders, it remained but a halt for imperial entourages heading on pleasure trips to Kashmir in the north, or towards Kabul in the west.
The Fort’s political importance did not emerge until the establishment of the Sikh Empire at the end of the 18th century.
A veteran historian and archeologist, Ihsan H. Nadiem, tells us that immediately before the consolidation of Punjab under the Sikhs, the Fort served as a convenient place for robbers looting the countryside.
The Durrani king, Shah Zaman, during his invasion of Lahore in 1797, briefly besieged the Fort, but only to purge it of the robbers. Soon after his departure, the Fort was once again occupied by the highwaymen.
Shortly thereafter, Lehna Singh Majithia (who also served as the Governor of Lahore. The son of General Lehna Singh, Sardar Dyal Singh, was perhaps the most significant Punjabi of the late 19th century in the British Punjab. He was the main force behind the founding of Punjab University), an ally of Ranjit Singh, invaded the fort and took occupation. After him, its ownership passed on to Bhai Singh, followed by Sahib Singh and Sahai Singh in 1808, at which point Ranjit Singh marched upon it and caused its surrender.
This whole story of Sheikhupura raid wrote by Hindu writer K. Lal in his book Tarekh e Punjab (Page 196-197) and it is as under:
“Mahraja Ranjeet was busy in handling state affairs, in the meantime a group of farmers belong to Sheikhpura came to his door, they wanted to seek help against brutal Sikh rulers Sardar Arbel Singh & Sardar Ameer Singh. These Sardars had occupied the Sheikhupura fort and land, there army looting common people up to that level that they were dying of hunger. That group of farmer said the people of Sheikhupura accepted the over lordship of the Maharaja and requested to take their territory under Mahraja rule and control to protect them from these two brutal Sardars.
Mahraja accepted the request and assigned his eldest son, the crown prince, Kharak Singh for Sheikhupura fort Campaign. He reached Sheikhupura; he has four thousand army troops and support of one Cannon artillery.
Sheikhupura fort was very well constructed with strong fortified walls, Mahraja himself selected best cannons from his cannon yard for this campaign and also assign one of his best army officer Sardar Hakma Singh for assisting Crown prince Kharak Singh in this campaign.
When this troop reached Sheikhupura, Crown Prince Kharak Singh called both the ruling Sardar’s to him, but instead of appearing in front of Prince they have further fortified the fort and get ready for war.
The Prince first sieges the fort and then orders Canon artillery to start fire on fort walls. The fort walls were strongly fortified and hold the Cannon artillery attack for days.
This result less campaign made Prince to think if he wanted to win this fight he has to reinforce his troops and artillery as well. For that purpose he wrote for help to his father Mahraja Ranjit Singh. When Maharaja saw this letter he got angry, he ordered to send biggest cannon of his artillery the Ahmad Shahi Gun. Which he forcefully took from Saheb Singh Guajarati)
(Ahmad Shahi Gun also known as zamzama gun…, The Zamzama Gun is a large bore cannon. It is also known as Kim’s Gun or Bhangianwali Taop. It was cast in 1757 in Lahore. At that time Lahore was a part of the Durrani Empire. The gun was used by Ahmed Shah in the battle of Panipat in 1761. In 1802, Ranjit Singh got hold of the gun and used it in the battles of Daska, Kasur, Sujanpur, Wazirabad and Multan. In the siege of Multan, the gun was badly damaged. It is currently on display in front of the Lahore Museum at The Mall Road, Lahore.)
The Maharaja also reached the Sheikhupura Fort with fresh troops and again the battle started.
After two days of fight, Maharaja ordered to place Ahmed Shah Gun in front of Main gate of Fort. It was tough task and took many lives of soldiers but at last it was placed there. Hundred rounds of guns were fired and main gate of fort completely destroyed. The Mahraja troops entered the fort and raise the winning flag on wall. Both Arbel & Ameer Singh were arrested.
Since the area of Sheikhupura won in name of Crown Prince Kharak Singh, the fort and “Jageer” of Sheikhupura bestowed to Prince by his father Mahraja Ranjeet Singh under the primacy of her mother Rani Datar Kaur (1801-1840), the mother of the crown prince, Kharak Singh. She was also known as Rani Raj Kaur or Mai Nakkain. She lived in the Fort till her death.”
She had a considerable role in the rehabilitation of this small, strategically unimportant and hitherto almost abandoned citadel. She built a wonderful haveli within it. The excellent frescoes in the distinctive Kangra style found in the parlour and in the two chambers on the first floor of this haveli, are attributed to Raj Kaur‘s excellent taste.
In mid-19th century, when the British invaded Punjab, they used the Fort to imprison the Sikh kingdom’s Regent, Rani Jind Kaur – “Jindaa(n)” - after taking her son, the child Emperor Duleep Singh, prisoner.
In a letter dated August 9, 1847 Sir Henry Montgomery Lawrence, the British Resident in Punjab suggested to the Governor General that the Queen be banished from Punjab, to prevent the populace from rising under banner.
The 8-year old Emperor was removed from his palace in the Lahore Fort on August 19, 1847, and taken to the Shalimar Gardens, while his mother, the Queen, was confined to the distant Sheikhupura Fort.
Historian Himadri Banerjee describes how Jindaan was forcibly removed from Lahore between 8 and 9 pm under a heavy military escort. Accompanied by Sardar Arjan Singh Rangharnanglia and Gurmukh Singh Lamma, she was lodged in Sheikhupura Fort in the early hours of Friday, August 20, 1847, under the charge of Sardar Boor Singh.
Soon after her arrival at Sheikhupura, she wrote the following letter to the Resident at Lahore, protesting the ruthless separation from her young eight-year old.
With the Grace of the Great Guru
From Bibi Sahib to Lawrence Sahib,
We have arrived safely at Sheikhupura, You should send our luggage with care, As I was sitting in the Samman (Burj - Palace in Lahore Fort), in the same way I am in Sheikhupura. Both the places are same to me; you have been very cruel to me. You have snatched my son from me … In the name of the God you worship and in the name of the king whose salt you eat, restore my son to me. I cannot bear the pain of this separation … I shall reside in Sheikhupura. I shall not go to Lahore. Send my son to me. I will come to you at Lahore only during the days when you hold darbar. On that day I will send him. A great deal (of injustice) has been done to me. A great deal (of injustice) has been done to my son also. You have accepted what other people have said. Put an end to it now. Too much has been done.
The Queen resided in the Sheikhupura Fort for nine months. On the afternoon of May 15, 1848, she was taken away, to be imprisoned in Chunar Fort, near Benares (in current day Uttar Pradesh, India). She made a dramatic escape from there and fled to Nepal, where she remained until, years later, almost blind and dying, was finally allowed to visit her son, who was by then exiled in England.
The Sheikhupura Fort was thus witness to a number of crucial turning points during the half-century of the Sikh Raj.
The Empire had held played a crucial role as a bulwark against ongoing invasions through the subcontinent’s porous western borders. At its peak, it held sway from Tibet in the east to the Khyber Pass in the west, to Kashmir in the north and to Sindh in the south. It also, while Ranjit Singh was alive, kept the British at bay, even though the rest of the subcontinent had collapsed under them like a row of dominoes.
After the annexation of Punjab, the Sheikhupura Fort was temporarily used as administrative headquarters of the Gujranwala district from 1849 to 1851. However, upon the transfer of the district headquarters to Gujranwala town, it was turned into a military outpost.
After a split of administration jurisdictions in 1918, a new district was created in Sheikhupura. The Fort then passed on to house the police headquarters of the newly created district.
After the partition of Punjab and India in 1947, it was briefly used by the immigrants from East Punjab (by then in the newly-created India) as shelter, and
later by encroachers, from whom it came into the possession of the Department of Archaeology of Pakistan in 1967.
Within the complex, no building from the Mughal period is left standing, except the main entrance façade. There are also some remains of sandstone columns depicting the history of the laying of the foundations of the Sheikhupura Fort.
Today, what we can see standing, although dilapidated, is a crumbling six-storey haveli, identical to the haveli of Naunihal Singh, which is situated inside Mori Gate in Lahore.
The most vibrant aspect of the beauty of the haveli in the Sheikhupura Fort is its frescoes.
Sadly, precious wooden doors, windows and parts of the roof have already been whisked away by raiders and the haveli has turned into a haunted house.
Inside the ruins and rooms occupied by bats, we can still find signs of the former lifestyle through colourful and thematic paintings and other art work in the Kangra style. Fresco art work in the haveli of Raj Kaur portrays almost all aspects of daily life – ranging from worship to romantic love to military life. Colors are still vivid, the art work is glittering, but the haveli is now, due to institutional neglect, close to the end of its physical life.
Despite its poor condition, no contractor or labourer agrees to work as it is believed the fort is haunted by ghosts of the queens which used to live there.
This fort is closed to the public due to its bad structural condition; it took me at least three years to take permission to visit this place.
UDL WDG-3A #13097 waits on the mainline at Ghevra with a BCNHL rake as 54031 Delhi- Jind Passenger gets looped for a scheduled halt.
Pristine Ludhiana WDM3A No. 14105 at Firozpur Cantt ready to work train 54046 13h55 Firozpur Cantt to Jind Passenger on 20th April 2019.
Pristine Ludhiana WDM3A No. 14105 at Firozpur Cantt ready to work train 54046 13h55 Firozpur Cantt to Jind Passenger on 20th April 2019.
Taken by Leica camera. This photograph will appear in the new book Josef Jindřich Šechtl: Photographer's Diary.
Call number film35mm5566
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Josef_Jind%C5%99ich_%C5%A0echtl
The owner of rights is Marie Šechtlová
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Swami Ramdev (Hindi: स्वामी रामदेव), born as Ram Krishna on 11 January 1971,[1] is popularly known as Baba Ramdev. He has gained wealth and notoriety through ventures in yoga, alternative medicine and agriculture, as well as his advocacy on Indian political issues.[2]
He was born as Ram Krishn to Gulab Devi and Ram Nivas in the village Saiyad AliPur (Alipur) of Mahendragarh district in Haryana state of India. According to the affidavit filed by him to the Passport Office[1] his date of birth is 11 January 1971. He was inspired by the portraits of Ram Prasad Bismil and Subhas Chandra Bose that were hung in his room.[3] According to his statements in an open Yog Shivir at Shahjahanpur, Uttar Pradesh when he grew up and read the autobiography of Pandit Ram Prasad Bismil, his mind was totally cleansed. After completing his middle education of eighth standard from Shahbajpur Haryana, he joined Aarsh (Arya) Gurukul, Khanpur and studied Sanskrit and Yoga under the guidance of Acharya Praduman.
After he received teachings from Acharya Baldevji, he renounced worldly life, entering into Sanyas and changed his name from Ram Krishn to Ramdev.[4] (Note: The Hindi word swami means master of conscience).
In Kalva Gurukul of Jind district in Haryana India he offered free training of Yog to villagers for some time. Then he moved to Haridwar, Uttar Pradesh and spent several years studying ancient Indian scriptures at Gurukul Kangri Vishwavidyalaya. This included a rare book of Aurobindo Ghosh, Yogik Sadhan, translated from Bangla into Hindi by Pandit Ram Prasad Bismil.[5] After reading this small booklet he went to the caves of Himalaya and practiced intense self-discipline and meditation. According to Sanjay Upadhyaya's book "Ramdev - Myth and Reality", Ramdev fell seriously ill in his childhood and through his recovery discovered his techniques of yoga and meditation.
He shot into prominence when he started the Divya Yog Mandir Trust with the company of Acharya Bal Krishna. In 2003, Aastha TV began featuring him in its morning yoga slot. Within a few years, he had gathered a huge following.[6] He is known for his efforts of popularizing yoga. The New York Times called him "an Indian, who built Yoga Empire, a product and symbol of the New India, a yogic fusion of Richard Simmons, Dr. Oz and Oprah Winfrey, irrepressible and bursting with Vedic wisdom".[7] His yog-camps are attended by a large number of people in India and abroad.
His flagship project is Patanjali Yog Peeth (a registered Trust which was inaugurated on August 6, 2006 by Bhairon Singh Shekhawat, then Vice President of India). The primary aim of this institution is to build India the world's largest centre for Ayurved and Yoga with the facilities of treatment, research and training.[8][9]
At present the trust offers treatment to those who cannot afford to pay and for the rest, it is provided at a reasonable cost. Various institutions and medical organizations are also run by the Patanjali Yoga Peeth Trust to study and improve the effectiveness of yoga against diseases like diabetes, hypertension, obesity, etc. Recently the second phase of Patanjali Yoga Peeth has also started its working.
Patanjali Ayurved College, Patanjali Chikitsalaya, Yog Gram, Go-Shala, Patanjali Herbal Botanical Garden, Organic Agriculture Farm, Patanjali Food And Herbal Park Ltd are some of its affiliated institutions which are run under the guidance of Swami Ramdev and his close associate Acharya Bal Krishn. Some useful books are also published by its sister concern Divy Prakashan.
Yog Sandesh is the authorised journal Patanjali Yoga Peeth which is being published in 11 languages viz. Hindi, English, Gujarati, Marathi, Punjabi, Bengali, Oriya, Assamese, Nepali, Kannada and Telugu. Monthly readership of this multi-lingual journal is more than one million.[10]
Patanjali Yog Peeth has acquired a Scottish Island for about £2 million which was donated by Mr.Sam and Mrs. Sunita Poddar, originally from India and living in Scotland for 25 years, have been running the UK branch of the Patanjali Yoga Peeth Trust.[11] The Little Cumbrae Island, off the fishing town of Largs in Scotland, will also serve as the Patanjali Yog Peeth's base overseas, where yoga will be taught. This project will be run by Patanjali Yogpeeth (UK) Trust.[12] They have plans to set up a wellness retreat there.
Ramdev has clarified that he has no political ambitions and is not interested in starting a political party, but feels it's his obligatory duty to reform social and political ambiguities apart from popularising yoga and thus strengthen the country.[13][14]
He has raised a number of political, social and economic issues through his yoga camps (in Hindi Yog Shivir). Most of the issues raised by him demand a drastic change in the governance policies of India.
[edit] Bharat Swabhiman
For changing governance policies, he has initiated a movement named Bharat Swabhiman along with Rajiv Dixit.
The five goals[15] of Bharat Swabhiman campaign are:
100% voting
100% nationalist thought,
100% boycott of foreign companies and adoption of swadeshi,
100% unification of the people of the nation and
100% yoga-oriented nation.
As a part of campaign, Baba Ramdev has been organising yoga camps across India to create awareness amongst people against corruption and black money.
On agriculture and dietary practices
In many yog shivira (yoga camps), he has raised the issue of increased consumption of fast foods, packed foods and soft drinks by the people. According to him these products can cause diseases and so they must not be eaten. He has also claimed that commercially available aerated drinks are harmful to due to the presence of phosphoric acids, preservatives, unknown chemicals and emulsifiers. He claims that these drinks are very harmful to the entire body and especially the stomach lining if consumed. He has also made statements along the lines of "Cold Drinks means Toilet Cleaner" and has claimed that these cold drinks are more effective at cleaning toilets than commercially available toilet cleaners.[16] He urges people in his public meetings to pledge not to consume commercial aerated drinks, to protect individual health as well as to avoid Indian wealth being transferred to multinational companies. Instead he advices the public to consume hot water, milk or traditional Indian juices only so that India may become prosperous.
He has also claimed that the use of fertilizers and pesticides has led to an undue economic load on farmers and increased the profits of large business houses involved in the business. He also claims that these practices are harmful to the general public, since the farming produce is contaminated with inorganic fertilizers and pesticides.[17] Due to this practice, the farming land is also becoming barren. He also blames corrupt practices for the miserable conditions of the poor farmers and other backward class of the society. He says that although agriculture is the biggest area which can contribute enough to India's economy yet it's farmers are the most poverty stricken class of the country. He says if villages improve then there will be a completely different India[18]
[edit] Illegal mining
Further information: Illegal mining in India
According to Baba Ramdev, there is permission for only 200 mining leases but about one lakh illegal mines are operational in the country.[19] Baba Ramdev argues that illegal mining is the biggest source of black money and that corrupt people are eying the natural resources of the country, which are present in abundant amount. Natural resources include gold, copper, coal, iron, oil and other natural resources. Plunder of natural resources is the most devastating form of national crime, according to Ramdev, yet it is the least reported.
According to conservative estimates India has natural resources worth around 10,000 lakh crore.[citation needed] Das Hajar Lakh Crore is the exact phrase used by Baba Ramdev to quote the figure at his gatherings. Baba Ramdev says that the natural resources of the country must be protected otherwise corrupt people would sell every bit of it and stash the money in tax havens. Contrary to the popular belief of tax evasion being the source of black money, Baba Ramdev points out that the nation's wealth is being plundered from the natural resources and that has resulted into the huge stockpile of black money in various tax havens.
Protests against black money
Baba Ramdev was the first to raise the issue of black money publicly in 2008[citation needed], before the assembly elections of 2009. Estimations indicate a total of Rs. 400 lakh crore, or nearly 9 trillion USD, of Indian black money outside the country[citation needed]. This is so much money that every Indian constituency could get up to 50 thousand crore for development[citation needed]. The money has been pulled outside the country via physical and technical means, with hawala, under/over invoicing being some common methods[citation needed]. Money laundering started on a large scale since 1990[citation needed].
In April 2011 Julian Assange, founder of Wikileaks, confirmed that there are Indian names on Swiss bank accounts.[20] Switzerland is not the only tax havens where Indian black money is stashed. Other tax havens include Dubai, Liechtenstein, Italy, and others[citation needed]. Switzerland made an official statement that, if the Indian government approaches them, they are willing to declare the names of Indian account holders[citation needed]. However, no such approach has been made by Indian government. Baba Ramdev has said that most of the money belongs to the ministers, government officials and bureaucrats[citation needed].
Apart from this, there is an estimated Rs. 100–150 lakh crore of black money in India's internal economy. India's total GDP is in the range of 60 lakh crore and economists[who?] suggest that at least twice of this amount is circulating in black, which is roughly between 100 and 150 lakh crore[citation needed]. Ramdev has suggested many measures to curb the amount of black money circulating inside the internal economy. Baba Ramdev pointed out that total currency note circulation in India is 10 lakh crore. If the GDP is 60 lakh crore, then currency note circulation should be 1/50 of that amount, which is only 2 lakh crore. A basic economy concept states that a currency note can travel 50 to 100 transaction points over a year. Hence if RBI has circulated 10 lakh crore of currency then the total Indian economy should be at least 50 × 10 lakh crore = 500 lakh crore. This clearly indicates that there is huge amount of black money circulating inside the internal economy and an equally high amount of unaccounted wealth is being siphoned out of the country every year by corrupt ministers and bureaucrats.
Swami Ramdev has been associated with the 2011 Indian anti-corruption movement and was involved in the Jan Lokpal agitation[21]
In February 2011, he gave the following steps for eradication of black money:[22]
Declare all Indian wealth lying outside the country illegally as national wealth.
Agree to and accept the U.N. Convention against Corruption – pending since 2006.
Access, monitor and disrupt payment gateway servers enabling corrupt people to manage money in tax havens.
Scrutinizing accounts of people having credit/debit cards of foreign banks without any foreign work/relation.
Disabling operations of any bank from a tax haven country.
Withdrawal and demonetizing of Rs. 500 and Rs. 1000 currency notes – so as to avoid misuse of unaccounted money and quick arrest of the entire locally circulated black money, bribing, and fake note traffic.
Death penalty provision for the corrupt persons in Indian Penal Code.
Many countries like USA, Germany and other smaller African countries have adopted similar steps to get back their black money. However in India the government calls Ramdev's idea as impractical. The practicality of such steps has been called into question.[13]
He has raised the issue of Indian money stashed away illegally in Swiss banks, which is estimated to be anywhere between 1 and 1.5 trillion USD. He says that the government must take immediate action and bring back the money as it belongs to the people of India. Not only this, he openly charges that this black money has been taken out of the country illegally and also very strongly demands a capital punishment to all those Indians or non-resident Indians, who acquire, handle and stash black money. He suggests that Mauritius route is a tax haven for black money operators in India and this route should be cut effectively by the Indian government. He had also demanded (as early as September 2009) the removal of currency of denominations of Rs. 500 and Rs. 1000, saying that this would curb corruption, black money and terrorism.[23][24]
[edit] Anticorruption rally on 27 February 2011 at Ramlila Maidan
On 27 February 2011 Baba Ramdev held a large rally of over 1 lakh people at the Ramlila Maidan, New Delhi to protest against corruption. Those present at the rally included Baba Ramdev, Acharya Balkrishna, Ram Jethmalani, Anna Hazare, Arvind Kejriwal, Kiran Bedi, Swami Agnivesh and many others. All members spoke and explained how corruption was rampant in the country and how the government itself was indulging in it. The most highlighted topic was Indian black money lying in tax havens of Switzerland.
Arvind Kejriwal mentioned that Anna Hazare would hold a fast in April 2011 to put pressure on the government to enact the JanLokPal Bill.
It is a noticeable fact that no major news channel covered this event[citation needed].
[edit] Bhrashtachar Mitao Satyagrah 4 June 2011 at Ramlila Maidan
[edit] Preface
Baba Ramdev launched the Bhrashtachar Mitao Satyagrah which was held at Ramlila Maidan, New Delhi on 4 June 2011. Key demands were:[citation needed]
Declare all illegal wealth/black money lying in foreign countries, which belong to Indians as National Property.
Declaring money laundering as a National Crime and should be punishable.
Investigate and shut down the Mauritius route of foreign investment.
Sign and ratify the United Nations Convention Against Corruption, pending since 2006
Recall Rs. 1000 and Rs. 500 notes to curb corruption, bribery and illegal flow of money in the internal economy of the country.
Enact a strong Lokpal bill.
Establish infrastructure to deliver medical and engineering education in Indian Languages.
Enact Public Service Delivery Guarantee Act to enable all citizens to avail government/public services easily and quickly
Enact the Kisan Vetan Ayog to establish standards for payment of wages to farmers and classify farming as skilled labour.
[edit] Protest at Delhi
Baba Ramdev declared to go on an Anshan (indefinite fast) on June 4, 2011 at Ramlila Ground Delhi[25] to pressure the Central Government to root out corruption from India and bring back the black money stashed away in various financial institutions abroad. After this declaration the government was said to have set up a panel to suggest steps to curb black money and its transfer abroad, in an apparent bid to placate Ramdev.[26]
When Ramdev arrived at Delhi airport on June 1, four senior ministers of the UPA government met him on the airport and tried to persuade him by telling of the government's initiative on corruption.[27] On 4 June morning 65,000 followers of the yoga teacher had gathered at Ramlila Ground[28] By noon queues extending up to 3 km from the entry point of Ramlila Grounds and were seen chanting 'Vande Mataram'. In the evening a press conference was organised by Kapil Sibbal made public a letter from Ramdev's camp to call off their agitation. Ramdev took it as a betrayal of the Government and hardened the position by declaring not to take back his Satyagrah until a proper government ordinance is announced in place of forming a committee.
Satyagrah was going on even in the night of 4 June 2011. Sources informed Baba Ramdev that a huge police force can try to clear Ramlila Ground and if it is not done they can also kill him in a fake encounter or set fire in the tents.[29] At midnight, a huge team of 10,000 officers of the Delhi Police and RAF raided the ground when most of the Satyagrahis were sleeping on the and Ramdev was also sleeping on the dias along with his core group.[30] A large police force lobbed tear gas shells and lathicharged to evict the crowd from 1a.m. to 4 a.m. The tent was set on fire at many places. Cold water was thrown over power generators to create complete darkness to prevent any video recording of the whole attack. However most media persons recorded what was going on.
Police had arranged buses to drop supporters at railway stations and bus stands in advance; had ammunition ready and all the policemen were in battle-gear wearing vests and helmets and kept some ambulances on standby. Ramdev was arrested while attempting to disguise himself in women's clothing.[31]
Delhi Police forcefully detained Ramdev at Safdargunj Airport in complete isolation for a few hours and then deported him to his Ashram in Haridwar via helicopter.[32] Police fired tear gas, lathcharged people who were reportedly peacefully fasting. 53 persons were injured and treated at the Lok Nayak Jai Prakash (LNJP) hospital, AIIMS trauma center, and Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital.[33][34][35] Government stopped media person or anybody to enter the hospital to check the injured. Protesters huddled near the Metro station, bus depots and railway stations. Many walked down to Gurdwara Bangla Sahib and other nearby Ashrams.[36] According to New Delhi railway station authorities, supporters continued to leave in batches through the course of the day. While several supporters spent the day in a park near Ramlila Maidan, others took shelter in Arya Samaj at Paharganj.[37]
Baba Ramdev was taken by police out side Delhi and was banned from entering Delhi for 15 days. After being banned from entering Delhi for the next 15 days, Union Home Secretary G. K. Plillai said the Baba was on his way to his Ashram at Haridwar under police custody.[38] On reaching Haridwar, Swami Ramdev declared in a press conference that his fast unto death will continue.
About 5,000 supporters were still missing according to Baba Ramdev.[39] Dr. Jaideep Arya, a key advisor of Ramdev’s team, said that about 19 girls students from the Chotipur Gurukul, who were seated near the dais, are estimated to be still missing.[40] Suman, women’s representative of the Trust, said many of these girls were roughed up when the police tried to reach Swamiji and were crying since police officials were pulling their hair, dragging them badly and their clothes were torn. Police, however, said no one was missing.[40] A senior police officer reported that they were forced to retaliate after Baba Ramdev's supporters started throwing stones and flower pots at them.[41] Police also released CCTV footage to prove that no woman was beaten by them.[42] TV channels were telecasting the footage of the scene in Ramlia Ground.
[edit] Aftermath of the Delhi protest and fast unto death
Ramdev accused the government of cheating him, and alleged that there was a conspiracy to kill him and that he was threatened during a meeting with senior ministers.[43] All political parties other than the Congress Party condemned the police action, called it undemocratic and naked fascism,[44] deplorable and shortsighted.[45] [46] It was even compared it with the Emergency[44] and the Jalianwala.[44] Apart from politicians, he was also supported by civil societies as well. A senior poet laureate Dr Madan Lal Verma 'Krant' wrote an article on his blog KRANT and said that the action of the government was more shameful than the Jalianwala of British period. He argued that the British Government had ordered firing in the day whereas Indian Government took such a brutal action after midnight when all of the protesting persons (hi.satyagrahi) were sleeping.[47] Activist Anna Hazare termed the crackdown of the agitation a strangulation of democracy. He said: "There was no firing otherwise the eviction was similar to Jallianwala Bagh massacre".[48] He boycotted his lokpal panel meeting with the government on 6 June and decided to go on a one day fast on 8 June. His allies RTI activist Arvind Kejriwal, former Law MinisterShanti Bhushan, and Swami Agnivesh also criticised the police action to evict the hunger strikers forcefully[49] Protests were held in many different parts of the country.[50] Protest were held in Bangalore, Mumbai, Hyderabad, Jammu and Lucknow as well as among other several cities of India.[51]
Soon after this, a vacation bench of the Supreme Court of India comprising justice B. S. Chauhan and justice Swatantra Kumar issued notices to the Union Home Secretary, Chief Secretary of Delhi, Delhi Administration, and Delhi Police Commissioner asking them to respond within two weeks, after taking suo motu cognizance of forceful eviction of yoga guru Baba Ramdev and his followers from the Ramlila Maidan, New Delhi.[52] The National Human Rights Commission also issued notices on June 6, 2011 to the Government of India and Delhi State Government seeking reports within two weeks on the midnight crackdown on Baba Ramdev’s supporters at Ramlila ground.[53] After being evicted from Delhi, Baba Ramdev wanted to continue his fast from Noida but was denied permission by the Uttar Pradesh government. Many pepole like Sri Sri Ravi Shankar also forced him to end his fast. Ultimately, he decided to continue his idefinite fast satyagraha at Haridwar only from 4 June 2011 onwards.[54][55][56] After repeated attempts to end his fast Baba Ramdev's health worsened and was taken to the Himalaya Institute of Medical Sciences on the seventh day of his fast.[57][58][59]
[edit] End of hunger strike
Baba Ramdev ended his fast on the ninth day by drinking a glass of juice at Himalayan Institute of Medical Sciences, Dehradun, where he was recuperating from the seventh day of his fast. After repeated request from Sri Sri Ravi Shankar and various other saints he ended his fast.[60] Political reactions came in from all major parties expressing their happiness about ending the fast. BJP Spokesperson Ravi Shankar Prasad said they have a "sense of satisfaction" that the fast has ended. Janata Party leader Subramanian Swamy said that the fast was "successful" and termed the government as "monstrous". While the ruling party Congress spokesperson Janardan Dwivedi gave a reaction by saying it as "good".[61]
[edit] Anti-Ramdev campaign by Congress
Hours after 4 June, the Congress-led UPA government started a massive campaign against Baba Ramdev, Acharya Balkrishna and Patanjali Yogpeeth Trust. Multiple allegations were raised against Baba Ramdev and Acharya Balkrishna.
Some of them being:
Baba Ramdev is involved in tax evasion.
Acharya Balkrishna is a Nepali staying illegally in India.
Baba Ramdev exports products that are banned in USA.
Acharya Balkrishna has a fake Indian passport.
Donations received by Baba Ramdev consist of black money.
Congress party launched a booklet to criticise and expose Ramdev during its election campaign in Uttar Pradesh for the 2012 elections. [62] [63]
However as investigations were carried out by various agencies at both state and centre level, eventually nothing was found wrong with either Baba Ramdev or Acharya Balkrishna. Acharya Balkrishna was cleared of fake passport charges.[64] NEW DELHI, July 25: The Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) of India has approached the External Affairs Ministry seeking revocation of the passport of Balkrishna, an aide for Yoga guru Ramdev, as the agency alleged that it was procured on the basis of fake documents.
Views on AIDS and sex education
In December 2006, Swami Ramdev claimed to cure diseases such as AIDS and cancer through yoga and ayurvedic drugs sold by his Divya Yoga Mandir Trust. He also went on to suggest that sex education should be replaced by yoga, as his way to AIDS awareness, prevention and a cure.[81] "Sex education in schools need [sic] to be replaced by yoga education," Ramdev told reporters at the state health minister's residence. As a consequence of these public statements he was sent a cease and desist order by the Indian Union Health Ministry to avoid making such claims in the future, and the civil society threatened legal action.[82] In response, Ramdev retracted his statement and said the claims were not directly his, but those of patients who practiced yoga.[83]
[edit] Claims of curing cancer
Other press reports quoted him as claiming to have a cure for cancer of the breast, liver, prostate, uterus, pituitary gland, and brain, as well as leukemia, by practicing breathing exercises. In a residential camp held in Yog Gram, Haridwar during 19–25 June 2008, several cancer patients stepped forward to recount first-hand stories of their successful bouts with prostate and breast cancer and leukemia using Pranayam, or breathing exercises.[84] Swami Ramdev has claimed to have documented proof of his successes, but has failed to provide any to the media or the Health Ministry.
[edit] Views on homosexuality
In July 2009, when Delhi High Court gave a verdict under decriminalizing homosexuality in Delhi, the swami called a press conference and said, "This verdict of the court will encourage criminality and sick mentality. This kind of thing is shameful and insulting to all of us. We are blindly following the West in everything. This is breaking the family system in India. Homosexuals are sick people, they should be sent to hospitals for treatment. If the government brings this law, I will take this matter to the streets of Delhi in protest."[85]
Princess Bamba Sutherland (1869–1957) was the last member of the family that ruled the Sikh Empire in the Punjab. She returned to Lahore from her childhood in England where she was said to have "lived like an alien in her father’s kingdom".Bamba Sofia Jindan Daleep Singh was the eldest daughter of Duleep Singh Sukerchakia and his first wife Bamba Müller. She was born on 29 September 1869 in London. She led an unusual life as her father (the ruler of the Punjab) had been brought to Britain as a child under the care of the East India Company, after the close of the Second Anglo-Sikh War and the subsequent annexation of the Punjab on 29 March 1849.
Bamba's future father was forcibly separated from his mother and brought up as a Christian. When Duleep returned from burying his mother in India he married an illegitimate girl who was working at a missionary school in Cairo. He brought her back to England as his wife and they lived a life of luxury and were known to Queen Victoria. Bamba was their first daughter and was named after her mother, her maternal grandmother and her paternal grandmother respectively. The name "Bamba" means pink in Arabic.
Bamba's grandmother, Jind Kaur, suffered a poor life in India after Bamba's father was taken from her. Eventually she was allowed to rejoin her son in England. Duleep collected her after special permission was given. Duleep was allowed by the British to visit India for the second time to bury his mother's ashes after she died in Britain, although the body had to remain at Kensal Green Cemetery for nearly a year whilst this was agreed. His mother's ashes were not allowed to be buried in Lahore but had to be placed in a memorial in Bombay.
Bamba lived at Elveden Hall until her mother died from kidney failure. She and the rest of her brothers and sisters were placed in the care of Arthur Oliphant, who was her father's equerry. There she completed her schooling until she went to Somerville College at Oxford.
When Bamba decided to visit India, she placed an advertisement to hire a companion. The lady selected was a Hungarian, Marie Antoinette Gottesmann, whose father was an Austro-Hungarian government official from the Catholic upper class circles of Budapest, with the cultural interests requested. The two of them made a number of visits to India settling in Lahore and Shimla. Whilst with the princess, Marie Antoinette met and married Umrao Singh Sher-Gil and they went to live in Hungary. A notable painter, Amrita Sher-Gil, was the result. Bamba settled alone in Lahore and eventually married the Principal of King Edward Medical College in Lahore - Dr David Waters Sutherland.
In 1924 permission was finally given for her grandmother's ashes to be buried in Lahore. It was Bamba who supervised their transfer from Bombay where they had been placed when her father visited India. Her grandmother had actually died in 1863, but it had taken a year to get permission for her body to be returned to India. This was apt as her father had met Bamba's mother in Cairo on his way back from burying his mother's ashes. Bamba deposited the ashes in the memorial to Maharaja Ranjit Singh, her great grandfather.
Sutherland was widowed in Lahore when her husband died in 1939. She was reported to dream of her former glory. She was the last survivor of a royal family who should have owned the Punjab. When she finally died it was said that her funeral was arranged by United Kingdom Deputy High Commissioner in Lahore.Actually the quiet funeral with few guests was arranged by her secretary, Pir Karim Bakhsh Supra.
Sutherland died on 10 March 1957. As the last surviving member of the dynasty, Bamba left a large quantity of important historical items to her secretary, Pir Karim Bakhsh Supra of Lahore. The collection consists of eighteen paintings, fourteen watercolours, 22 paintings on ivory and a number of photos and other articles. The collection was sold to the Pakistan government and it is kept in Lahore Fort. It is known as the Princess Bamba Collection.
Maharani Jind Kaur, (1817 in Chachar, Gujranwala, Sikh Empire – 1 August 1863 in London, United Kingdom) also popularly known as Rani Jindan. She was the youngest wife of Maharaja Ranjit Singh and the mother of the last Sikh Emperor, Maharajah Duleep Singh. In 1845 she became Regent of Punjab for Duleep Singh. The Queen Mother (or Mai) of the last Sikh sovereign of the Punjab. She was renowned for her great beauty and personal charm along with her 'characteristic strength of a man' qualities which the British came to dislike.
Rani Jind Kaur had a Brother Sardar Jawahar Singh and a elder Sister Who Married Sardar Jawala Singh Padhania Chief of Padhana Village in Lahore District.
Rani Jindan was the daughter of a Sikh named Sardar Manna Singh, a Aulakh Jatt of small village of Chachar, in the district of Gujranwala, now in Pakistan. It was reported that Maharaja Ranjit Singh was not interested in marrying a young bride, reportedly she would be his 17th wife. The tender years of Duleep Singh, is the reason why the Maharani did not become 'sati' on the funeral pyre of her husband along with some of the other wives. In order to get rid of Manna Singh's constant requests, the Maharaja sent 'his arrow and sword' to her village to which Jind Kaur was symbolically married in 1835 AD.[1] Ranjit Singh had married nine of his wives with the usual rites and ceremonies of the institution of Anand Karaj (Sikh religious marriage ceremony) and the other seven with the less orthodox customs of 'Chaddar-Pauna', 'Karewa' or ' Tir-patka',[citation needed] a prevalent custom among the Jats of the Punjab. This custom was born from the Sikh religion's rejection[citation needed] of the ancient ritual of 'Sati' or self-immolation of the widow on her husband's funeral pyre, a custom which was still prevalent within most of the families of the nobility and royalty of the Sikh Kingdoms. The Sikh custom allowed the eldest (or younger brother) of the deceased to symbolically marry the widow by placing a 'nath' or nose-ring in the nose of the widow[citation needed] whilst both seated under a white sheet held aloft by members of the family.
In 1845 the First War Took place against the British in Bhai Phero City in Kasur District (Sikh Territory), Before Rani Jind kaur Found that These Hindu Dogra Brothers Were Allies of the British in which to Save the Empire from the Enemies She gave a Letter to Sardar Sham Singh Attariwala to give it to Jathedar Akali Baba Hanuman Singh Shaheed (1755–1845) who was the Head of Sikh Nihang Army and the Head Priest of Amritsar Of Akal Takhat Sahib in the Letter it said that the Sikh Empire Should Be Saved and Protect it against the Dogra and the British, The Jathedar got ready with his Sikh Army to die for the Sikh Kingdom of Motherland Punjab, A Big Battle was fought in which Hundreds of Sikhs Attained Martyrdom on the Battlefield Jathedar with his Few Surviving Sikh Army Injured Traveled in to the Malva Region of Punjab at that time the British Informed Maharaja Karam Singh Of Patiala Sikh Kingdom who was a Allie of the British During the Wars along with other Traitors Such as Maharaja Pahar Singh of Faridkot Sikh Kingdom The British Told them to Attack the Jathedar and his Army These Two Maharaja Traitors Attacked their own Sikh Brothers and Killed the Surviving Sikhs from the Battlefield.
Shortly after the First Anglo-Sikh War saw the British gain hold of Punjab, and in 1846 she was deposed as Regent, forcibly separated from her only son and banished to Sheikhupura near Lahore.
After moving around several gaols, Rani Jindan eventually escaped from Chunar fort, Uttar Pradesh on 19 April 1849 and left a note for the British "You put me in the cage and locked me up. For all your locks and your sentries, I got out by my magic ... I had told you plainly not to push me too hard – but don’t think I ran away, understand well, that I escape by myself unaided ... When I quit the Fort of Chunar I threw down two papers on my gaddi and one I threw on the European charpoy, now don’t imagine, I got out like a thief". The British confiscated her jewelry and rescinded her pension. Rani Jindan arrived in Kathmandu, Nepal on 29 April 1849 and was given political asylum by Prime Minister Jung Bahadur. She was assigned a residence at Thapathall and given an allowance by the Nepalese government.
On 30 March 1849, Duleep Singh (1838–1893) held his last court at Lahore, at which he signed away all claims to the rule of the Punjab. A proclamation by Dalhousie, annexing the Punjab, was then read out. For his services the Earl of Dalhousie received the thanks of the British parliament and a step in the peerage, as Marquess. Gough also received rewards for his services, although his tactics at Chillianwala Near the Jhelum River were to be questioned for the remainder of his life. Many of the junior British Political Agents who had organised local resistance to the Khalsa were to have distinguished later careers.
The End of the Sikh Empire in 1849 was a great Shock for the Punjabi people and the Sikhs and a Great Imperial Power Came to an end, But sikhs made lots of sacrifices to save the Empire but in the end all hopes were lost.
It became a memory of the Golden Age of when the Empire had Reached its Zenith. For Sikhs they shall always remember the Last Sikh Raj.
In 1860 she was eventually permitted to see her son, Maharaja Duleep Singh in Calcutta, who brought her to the shores of England, She had lost her eye sight But as she Touched Duleep singh on the Head he had cut his hair she Started to Cry Pushed him and said The Maharaja Has Died, Our Empire Had Gone from out hands but i never thought that My son Would Forget His Sikh Background. he then after Grew His hair and became a True Sikh Again the British did not allow him to visit his Beloved Motherland Punjab. He died in Paris France never to step on British Soil.
From 1849-1947 For 98 Years the British ruled the Punjab Made it part of British India until the partition Took Place and Independence.
This laughing gentleman is Jindřich (Heinrich) Eckert (1833-1905) probably the most outstanding figure of the photography in the Czech lands in 19th century.
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Sichuan Giant Panda Sanctuaries *
Brief Description
Sichuan Giant Panda Sanctuaries, home to more than 30% of the world's pandas which are classed as highly endangered, covers 924,500 ha with seven nature reserves and nine scenic parks in the Qionglai and Jiajin Mountains. The sanctuaries constitute the largest remaining contiguous habitat of the giant panda, a relict from the paleo-tropic forests of the Tertiary Era. It is also the species' most important site for captive breeding. The sanctuaries are home to other globally endangered animals such as the red panda, the snow leopard and clouded leopard. They are among the botanically richest sites of any region in the world outside the tropical rainforests, with between 5,000 and 6,000 species of flora in over 1,000 genera.
UNESCO World Heritage Site
Country China
TypeNatural
Criteriax
Reference1213
Region **Asia-Pacific
Inscription history
Inscription2006 (30th Session)
* Name as inscribed on World Heritage List
** Region as classified by UNESCO
The Sichuan Giant Panda Sanctuaries (simplified Chinese: 四川大熊猫栖息地; traditional Chinese: 四川大熊貓棲息地; pinyin: Sìchuān Dàxióngmāo Qīxīdì) located in southwest Sichuan province of China, is the home to more than 30% of the world's highly endangered Giant Pandas and is among the most important sites for the captive breeding of these pandas. It covers 9245 km² with seven nature reserves and nine scenic parks in the Qionglai and Jiajin Mountains. Along with the Giant Panda, the sanctuary is a refuge to other endangered species such as the red panda, the snow leopard, and the clouded leopard. Outside of the tropical rainforests, it is among the botanically richest sites of the world, and is home to between 5,000 and 6,000 species of flora. It has been noted that the region is similar to the paleo-tropic forests of the Tertiary Era.
Mount Emei
"Omei Shan" redirects here. For the bird, see Grey-faced Liocichla.
"峨眉山" redirects here. For the county-level city, see Emeishan City.
Mount Emei Scenic Area, including Leshan Giant Buddha Scenic Area *
UNESCO World Heritage Site
CountryPeople's Republic of China
TypeCultural and Natural (Mixed)
Criteriaiv, vi, x
Reference779
Region **Asia-Pacific
Inscription history
Inscription1996 (20th Session)
* Name as inscribed on World Heritage List
** Region as classified by UNESCO
Mount Emei
Emei Shan
Mount Emei
Emeishan City, Sichuan
Elevation3,099 m (10,167 ft)
Location
Coordinates29°31′11″N 103°19′57″ECoordinates: 29°31′11″N 103°19′57″E
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Mount Emei (Chinese: 峨嵋山; pinyin: Éméi Shān; Wade–Giles: O2-mei2 Shan1, pronounced [ɤ̌měɪ̯ ʂán]) is a mountain in Sichuan province, China. Mount Emei is often written as 峨眉山 and occasionally 峩嵋山 or 峩眉山 but all three are translated as Mount Emei or Mount Emeishan: the word 峨 can mean "high" or "lofty", but the mountain's name is merely a toponym that carries no additional meaning.
Orographically, Mt. Emei sits at the western rim of the Sichuan Basin. The mountains west of it are known as Daxiangling.[1] A large surrounding area of countryside is geologically known as the Permian Emeishan Large Igneous Province, a large igneous province generated by the Emeishan Traps volcanic eruptions during the Permian Period. At 3,099 metres (10,167 ft), Mt. Emei is the highest of the Four Sacred Buddhist Mountains of China.[2]
Administratively, Mt. Emei (Emeishan) is located near the county-level city of the same name (Emeishan City), which is part of the prefecture-level city of Leshan.
Mt. Emei was made a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1996.[3]
Leshan Giant Buddha
Mount Emei Scenic Area, including Leshan Giant Buddha Scenic Area *
UNESCO World Heritage Site
CountryPeople's Republic of China
TypeMixed
Criteriaiv, vi, x
Reference779
Region **Asia-Pacific
Inscription history
Inscription1996 (20th Session)
* Name as inscribed on World Heritage List
** Region as classified by UNESCO
The Leshan Giant Buddha (simplified Chinese: 乐山大佛; traditional Chinese: 樂山大佛; pinyin: Lèshān Dàfó) was built during the Tang Dynasty (618–907AD). It is carved out of a cliff face that lies at the confluence of the Minjiang, Dadu and Qingyi rivers in the southern part of Sichuan province in China, near the city of Leshan. The stone sculpture faces Mount Emei, with the rivers flowing below his feet. It is the largest carved stone Buddha in the world[1] and it is by far the tallest pre-modern statue in the world.
The Mount Emei Scenic Area, including Leshan Giant Buddha Scenic Area has been listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1996. It was not damaged by the 2008 Sichuan earthquake.[2]
©SunDeep™©® Bhardwaj Kullu sundepkullu.com phototube.co himachalculturalvillage.com
SDBWP™©® SunDeep™ Bhardwaj World Photography™©®,
70+Countries 300+Destinations across 7 Continents™©®
"The World is my Studio"™©®
"I live with one vision to create things that would outlast me. I discovered photography as a means for me to connect with my innerself."
Travel Photographer-Entrepreneur-Business Development Manager-Himachal Cultural Village-Environmentalist
*Friends ***DO COMMENT*** on my flickr Photostream. Thanks for your valuable feedback, comments, likes, favourites and sharing my work within my website and flickr URL's.Your comments are like a fuel to my passion of this Art of Photography ( *I have made a group for the same on flickr & facebook too as listed below)
( *I have made a group for the same on flickr & facebook too as listed below)
Do join these groups no matter you are photo admirer amatuer serious or professional photographer and even compete for Monthly Amwards & Titles-
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I travelled to most exotic places on this earth in last 9 years since 2003. I was exploring India from east to west and north to south till mid 2007. Then i started my World tour to 6 continents in May 2007 & entering 2012, my World tour is still on & i am exploring more and more exotic places around all major countries. I believe "World is just amazing" and every place & face has a unique story to tell. I connect to my subjects as to my soul.
Do not forget to subscribe or login from toolbar at the base of any page on my official website sundeepkullu.com ™©® ( Includes connect with my facebook profile/facebook page/facebook group/facebook Like/twitter/twitter follow/Google Plus/Google Buzz/Google +1/LinkedIn/You Tube/Twitter/Facebook subscribe and not to forget TRANSLATE button to translate al tet to al major languages for subscribers followers & fans from all parts of the World.
Cheers!!!
These are reduced sized pictures.Orignal pictures shot in 5,616 × 3,744 (21.1 megapixels) using Canon EOS 5D Mark II FULL FRAME DSLR CAMERA or 3872 x 2592 (10.2 million effective pixels) using NIKON D60 DSLR or 4,288 × 2,848 (12.3 effective megapixels) USING NIKON D90 DSLR's.For full size images contact me.
Contacts:-
Primary :
wittysam@gmail.com ( E-mail/Skype/Whatsapp/Google+/LinkedIn/Fring/Yoono/Twitter/Gmail/Instagram/http://sundeepkullu.com & Photography & Videography and Quote for Assignments related)
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admin@phototube.co ( phototube.co related )
enquiries@himachalculturalvillage.com ( himachalculturalvillage.com related )
SunDeep™©® Bhardwaj Kullu
MBA-Sales & Mktg.(Symbiosis,Pune)
B.Pub.Admn.(H.P.University,Summer Hills, Shimla)
BHM (GCC-Bangalore)
***Publishing Photostories clicked in the most exotic places on earth in 15 countries that I visited in last 6 months. For all stories of 70+ Countries go to my oficial website sundeepkullu.com ™©®
My latest 15 explored destinations in my 6th year of World tour so far to 70+Countries & 300+Destinations across 6 Continents and 9 th year of Travel Photography & Videography of Places People Culture Landscapes.Recently explored these exotic places in CHINA Mout.Emai-Leshan-Chengdu-Chongquing , JAPAN Horyuji Temple 1300 years old Japan's most sacred place & UNESCO site UAE-Al Ain-Abu Dhabi-Dubai-Burj Al Arab-Al Khaleefa Tallest building in the World, SWEDEN-Stocholm-National Parks, AUSTRALIA-Melbourne-Great Ocean Road-Twelve Apostles this week. BELGIUM Brussels, DENMARK-Copenhagen, VIETNAM Hanoi-Halong Bay MALAYSIA-Kuala Lumpur-Kanting Falls-Batu Caves-Petronas Twin Towers , CANADA-Quebec-Ontario-Montreal, ATLANTIC-GREENLAND-LABRADOR PENINSULA-Lebrador Sea, SOUTH AFRICA Johnnesburg-The Cradle of Mankind-Stolkfontien Caves and Lion & Rino Park with others INDIA-Kashmir-Gulmarg-Srinagar CHINA-Shanghai-Zhejiang-Hangzhou-The West Lake GERMANY-BAVERIA-Black Forest-Oberbayern-Garmich Patenkirchen-Eibsee Lake-Zugspitze HIMACHAL-Kullu-Manali-Shimla-Lahaul-Spiti -Dharamshala-Kinnaur-Udaipur-Leh-Laddakh UK-SCOTLAND Glencoe-Fort William-Castle around Scotland-Lochness INDIA Jog Falls Ooty Goa Athirappily & Vazhachal Falls Kerala UK-ENGLAND-London-Manchester-Glasgow & others ITALY-Rome-Vatican City and Other UNESCO Heritage Sites around Rome. Soon my first book on 111 MIRACULOUS WONDERS OF WORLD YOU MUST SEE WHEN U ALIVE will be out with "111 WOW" i Phone application by the end of this year. Updating my official website sundeepkullu.com
KINDLY NOTE***The Stock samples of SDBWP SunDeep Bhardwaj World Photography in flickr Photostream cannot be Copied,Distributed,Published or Used in any form,full or in part,or in any kind of media without prior permission from Sundeep Bhardwaj the owner of these images.Utilization in other websites,intenet media,pages,blogs etc without written consent is PROHIBITED.
The images are also available for licence through GETTY IMAGES or directly by contacting me.
Add me as a friend on my facebook profile 2 as my facebook profile 1 is allmost full with 4000 plus friends here - www.facebook.com/sundeephimachal
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The Sichuan Giant Panda Sanctuaries consist of seven nature reserves and nine scenic parks.
Seven Nature Reserves
Wolong Nature Reserve (Chinese: 卧龙自然保护区)
Fengtongzhai Nature Reserve (Chinese: 蜂桶寨自然保护区)
Mt. Siguniang Nature Reserve (Chinese: 四姑娘山自然保护区)
Laba River Nature Reserve (Chinese: 喇叭河自然保护区)
Heishui River Nature Reserve (Chinese: 黑水河自然保护区)
Jintang-Kongyu Nature Reserve (Chinese: 金汤—孔玉自然保护区)
Caopo Nature Reserve (Chinese: 草坡自然保护区)
Nine Scenic Parks
Mt. Qingcheng-Dujiangyan Scenic Park (Chinese: 青城山—都江堰风景名胜区)
Mt. Tiantai Scenic Park (Chinese: 天台山风景名胜区)
Mt. Siguniang Scenic Park (Chinese: 四姑娘山风景名胜区)
Xiling Snow Mountain Scenic Park (Chinese: 西岭雪山风景名胜区)
Mt. Jiguan-Jiulonggou Scenic Park (Chinese: 鸡冠山—九龙沟风景名胜区)
Mt. Jiajin Scenic Park (Chinese: 夹金山风景名胜区)
Miyaluo Scenic Park (Chinese: 米亚罗风景名胜区)
Mt. Lingzhen-Mt. Daxue Scenic Park (Chinese: 灵鹫山—大雪峰风景名胜区)
Mt. Erlang Scenic Park (Chinese: 二郎山风景名胜区)
As the bodhimaṇḍa of Samantabhadra
Mount Emei is one of the Four Sacred Buddhist Mountains of China, and is traditionally regarded as the bodhimaṇḍa, or place of enlightenment, of the bodhisattva Samantabhadra. Samantabhadra is known in Mandarin as Pǔxián Púsà (普賢菩薩).
16th and 17th century sources allude to the practice of martial arts in the monasteries of Mount Emei[4] made the earliest extant reference to the Shaolin Monastery as Chinese boxing's place of origin.[5]
[edit]Buddhist architecture on Emei
This is the location of the first Buddhist temple built in China in the 1st century CE.[3] The site has seventy-six Buddhist monasteries of the Ming and Qing period, most of them located near the mountain top. The monasteries demonstrate a flexible architectural style that adapts to the landscape. Some, such as the halls of Baoguosi, are built on terraces of varying levels, while others, including the structures of Leiyinsi, are on raised stilts. Here the fixed plans of Buddhist monasteries of earlier periods were modified or ignored in order to make full use of the natural scenery. The buildings of Qingyinge are laid out in an irregular plot on the narrow piece of land between the Black Dragon River and the White Dragon River. The site is large and the winding foot path is 50 km, taking several days to walk.[6]
Cable cars ease the ascent to the two temples at Jinding (3,077 m), an hour's hike from the mountain's peak.[2][7]
[edit]Sunrise and clouds sea
Great spectacles of Mount Emei include the sunrise and Clouds Sea seen from the Golden Summit of the mountain.
The sunrise is very varied, but optimally begins with the ground and sky being in the same dark purple, soon showing rosy clouds, followed by a bright purple arc and then a semicircle where the sun is coming up.[8]
The Clouds Sea includes several cloud phenomena, e.g. clouds appearing in the sky above, in addition to the regular clouds beneath.[8]
[edit]Climate
The summit of Mount Emei has an alpine subarctic climate (Köppen Dwc), with long, cold (but not severely so) winters, and short, cool summers. The monthly daily average temperature ranges from −5.7 °C (21.7 °F) in January to 11.6 °C (52.9 °F), and an annual mean of 3.07 °C (37.5 °F). Precipitation is common year-round, but due to the influence of the monsoon, rainfall is especially heavy in summer, and more than 70% of the annual total occurs from June to September.
Head of the statue
Construction was started in 713, led by a Chinese monk named Haitong. He hoped that the Buddha would calm the turbulent waters that plagued the shipping vessels traveling down the river. When funding for the project was threatened, he is said to have gouged out his own eyes to show his piety and sincerity. After his death, however, the construction was stuck due to insufficient funding. About 70 years later, a jiedushi decided to sponsor the project and the construction was completed by Haitong's disciples in 803.
Apparently the massive construction resulted in so much stone being removed from the cliff face and deposited into the river below that the currents were indeed altered by the statue, making the waters safe for passing ships.
[edit]Degradation
The Leshan Buddha has been affected by the pollution emanating from the unbridled development in the region. According to Xinhua news agency, the Leshan Giant Buddha and many Chinese natural and cultural heritage sites in the region have seen degradations from weathering, air pollution, and swarms of tourists. The government has promised to restore the site to its former condition.[3]
[edit]Dimensions
At 71 metres (233 feet) tall, the statue depicts a seated Maitreya Buddha with his hands resting on his knees. His shoulders are 28 metres wide and his smallest toenail is large enough to easily accommodate a seated person. There is a local saying: "The mountain is a Buddha and the Buddha is a mountain". This is partially because the mountain range in which the Leshan Giant Buddha is located is thought to be shaped like a slumbering Buddha when seen from the river, with the Leshan Giant Buddha as its heart.
Dhamtan Sahib, Jind, Haryana
Copyright © 2013 Gurbir Singh Brar, all rights reserved.
This image is not available for use on websites, blogs or other media without the explicit written permission of the photographer.
©All rights reserved © sundeepkullu.com ™©® SunDeep™©® Bhardwaj Kullu
Share this Photostory (As i call it..) Publically with these URL Links below (Embedding Not Allowed) :
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Mount Emei
"Omei Shan" redirects here. For the bird, see Grey-faced Liocichla.
"峨眉山" redirects here. For the county-level city, see Emeishan City.
Mount Emei Scenic Area, including Leshan Giant Buddha Scenic Area *
UNESCO World Heritage Site
CountryPeople's Republic of China
TypeCultural and Natural (Mixed)
Criteriaiv, vi, x
Reference779
Region **Asia-Pacific
Inscription history
Inscription1996 (20th Session)
* Name as inscribed on World Heritage List
** Region as classified by UNESCO
Mount Emei
Emei Shan
Mount Emei
Emeishan City, Sichuan
Elevation3,099 m (10,167 ft)
Location
Coordinates29°31′11″N 103°19′57″ECoordinates: 29°31′11″N 103°19′57″E
Part of the series on
Chinese martial arts
List of Chinese martial arts
Terms
Kung fu (功夫)
Wushu (武術)
Qigong (氣功)
Historical places
Shaolin Monastery (少林寺)
Wudang Mountains (武當山)
Mount Hua (華山)
Mount Emei (峨嵋山)
Kunlun Mountains (崑崙山)
Historical people
Yim Wing-chun (嚴詠春)
Hung Hei-gun (洪熙官)
Fong Sai-yuk (方世玉)
Dong Haichuan (董海川)
Yang Lu-ch'an (楊露禪)
Wu Quanyou (吳全佑)
Ten Tigers of Canton (廣東十虎)
Chen Fake (陳發科)
Chan Heung (陳享)
Wong Fei-hung (黃飛鴻)
Sun Lu-t'ang (孫祿堂)
Huo Yuanjia (霍元甲)
Yip Man (葉問)
Wang Zi-Ping (王子平)
Famous modern actors
Bruce Lee (李小龍)
Jackie Chan (成龍)
Sammo Hung (洪金寶)
Yuen Biao (元彪)
Jet Li (李連杰)
Donnie Yen (甄子丹)
Legendary figures
Bodhidharma (菩提達摩)
Zhang Sanfeng (張三丰)
Eight immortals (八仙)
Five Elders (五祖)
Related
Hong Kong action cinema
Wushu (sport)
Wuxia (武俠)
This box: view talk edit
Mount Emei (Chinese: 峨嵋山; pinyin: Éméi Shān; Wade–Giles: O2-mei2 Shan1, pronounced [ɤ̌měɪ̯ ʂán]) is a mountain in Sichuan province, China. Mount Emei is often written as 峨眉山 and occasionally 峩嵋山 or 峩眉山 but all three are translated as Mount Emei or Mount Emeishan: the word 峨 can mean "high" or "lofty", but the mountain's name is merely a toponym that carries no additional meaning.
Orographically, Mt. Emei sits at the western rim of the Sichuan Basin. The mountains west of it are known as Daxiangling.[1] A large surrounding area of countryside is geologically known as the Permian Emeishan Large Igneous Province, a large igneous province generated by the Emeishan Traps volcanic eruptions during the Permian Period. At 3,099 metres (10,167 ft), Mt. Emei is the highest of the Four Sacred Buddhist Mountains of China.[2]
Administratively, Mt. Emei (Emeishan) is located near the county-level city of the same name (Emeishan City), which is part of the prefecture-level city of Leshan.
Mt. Emei was made a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1996.[3]
Leshan Giant Buddha
Mount Emei Scenic Area, including Leshan Giant Buddha Scenic Area *
UNESCO World Heritage Site
CountryPeople's Republic of China
TypeMixed
Criteriaiv, vi, x
Reference779
Region **Asia-Pacific
Inscription history
Inscription1996 (20th Session)
* Name as inscribed on World Heritage List
** Region as classified by UNESCO
The Leshan Giant Buddha (simplified Chinese: 乐山大佛; traditional Chinese: 樂山大佛; pinyin: Lèshān Dàfó) was built during the Tang Dynasty (618–907AD). It is carved out of a cliff face that lies at the confluence of the Minjiang, Dadu and Qingyi rivers in the southern part of Sichuan province in China, near the city of Leshan. The stone sculpture faces Mount Emei, with the rivers flowing below his feet. It is the largest carved stone Buddha in the world[1] and it is by far the tallest pre-modern statue in the world.
The Mount Emei Scenic Area, including Leshan Giant Buddha Scenic Area has been listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1996. It was not damaged by the 2008 Sichuan earthquake.[2]
©SunDeep™©® Bhardwaj Kullu sundepkullu.com phototube.co himachalculturalvillage.com
SDBWP™©® SunDeep™ Bhardwaj World Photography™©®,
70+Countries 300+Destinations across 7 Continents™©®
"The World is my Studio"™©®
"I live with one vision to create things that would outlast me. I discovered photography as a means for me to connect with my innerself."
Travel Photographer-Entrepreneur-Business Development Manager-Himachal Cultural Village-Environmentalist
*Friends ***DO COMMENT*** on my flickr Photostream. Thanks for your valuable feedback, comments, likes, favourites and sharing my work within my website and flickr URL's.Your comments are like a fuel to my passion of this Art of Photography ( *I have made a group for the same on flickr & facebook too as listed below)
( *I have made a group for the same on flickr & facebook too as listed below)
Do join these groups no matter you are photo admirer amatuer serious or professional photographer and even compete for Monthly Amwards & Titles-
AOP WORLD FLICKR GROUP www.flickr.com/groups/prodigious/ or short link - bit.ly/ProdigiousAOP
AOP WORLD FACEBOOK GROUP www.facebook.com/groups/111942842150274/ or short link - on.fb.me/AOPworld or bit.ly/AOPworld
FLICKR AOP PRODIGIOUS AWARDS www.flickr.com/groups/candid/ or short lnk - bit.ly/AOPawards
sundeepkullu.com
™©®
or Visit
flickr.com/photos/wittysam or flickr.com/photos/wittysam/show to access all the Photostories.
***Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License
Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Source & External Links: sundeepkullu.com ™©®
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leshan_Giant_Buddha
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Emei
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sichuan_Giant_Panda_Sanctuaries
www.flickr.com/photos/wittysam/show
*** My URL's:
phototube.co ™©® - Developer
Eureka Photography & Web Design™©® - Director
himachalculturalvillage.com ™©® Environmentalist, Exclusive Artist , Business Development Manager ( Offshore ) & NGO Founder
Getty Images - Contributer
sundeepkullu.com ™©® - Founder & CEO
I travelled to most exotic places on this earth in last 9 years since 2003. I was exploring India from east to west and north to south till mid 2007. Then i started my World tour to 6 continents in May 2007 & entering 2012, my World tour is still on & i am exploring more and more exotic places around all major countries. I believe "World is just amazing" and every place & face has a unique story to tell. I connect to my subjects as to my soul.
Do not forget to subscribe or login from toolbar at the base of any page on my official website sundeepkullu.com ™©® ( Includes connect with my facebook profile/facebook page/facebook group/facebook Like/twitter/twitter follow/Google Plus/Google Buzz/Google +1/LinkedIn/You Tube/Twitter/Facebook subscribe and not to forget TRANSLATE button to translate al tet to al major languages for subscribers followers & fans from all parts of the World.
Cheers!!!
These are reduced sized pictures.Orignal pictures shot in 5,616 × 3,744 (21.1 megapixels) using Canon EOS 5D Mark II FULL FRAME DSLR CAMERA or 3872 x 2592 (10.2 million effective pixels) using NIKON D60 DSLR or 4,288 × 2,848 (12.3 effective megapixels) USING NIKON D90 DSLR's.For full size images contact me.
Contacts:-
Primary :
wittysam@gmail.com ( E-mail/Skype/Whatsapp/Google+/LinkedIn/Fring/Yoono/Twitter/Gmail/Instagram/http://sundeepkullu.com & Photography & Videography and Quote for Assignments related)
World Roaming +974 55344547 (Facebook Mobile/Viber/Facetime/WhatsApp)
India New Delhi & Himachal Roaming +91 8527745789 (Google Plus)
sb@sundeepkullu.com ( Facebook & Personal Mail )
Secondary :
eurekasun@yahoo.com ( Flickr & Yahoo Messenger )
admin@phototube.co ( phototube.co related )
enquiries@himachalculturalvillage.com ( himachalculturalvillage.com related )
SunDeep™©® Bhardwaj Kullu
MBA-Sales & Mktg.(Symbiosis,Pune)
B.Pub.Admn.(H.P.University,Summer Hills, Shimla)
BHM (GCC-Bangalore)
***Publishing Photostories clicked in the most exotic places on earth in 15 countries that I visited in last 6 months. For all stories of 70+ Countries go to my oficial website sundeepkullu.com ™©®
My latest 15 explored destinations in my 6th year of World tour so far to 70+Countries & 300+Destinations across 6 Continents and 9 th year of Travel Photography & Videography of Places People Culture Landscapes.Recently explored these exotic places in CHINA Mout.Emai-Leshan-Chengdu-Chongquing , JAPAN Horyuji Temple 1300 years old Japan's most sacred place & UNESCO site UAE-Al Ain-Abu Dhabi-Dubai-Burj Al Arab-Al Khaleefa Tallest building in the World, SWEDEN-Stocholm-National Parks, AUSTRALIA-Melbourne-Great Ocean Road-Twelve Apostles this week. BELGIUM Brussels, DENMARK-Copenhagen, VIETNAM Hanoi-Halong Bay MALAYSIA-Kuala Lumpur-Kanting Falls-Batu Caves-Petronas Twin Towers , CANADA-Quebec-Ontario-Montreal, ATLANTIC-GREENLAND-LABRADOR PENINSULA-Lebrador Sea, SOUTH AFRICA Johnnesburg-The Cradle of Mankind-Stolkfontien Caves and Lion & Rino Park with others INDIA-Kashmir-Gulmarg-Srinagar CHINA-Shanghai-Zhejiang-Hangzhou-The West Lake GERMANY-BAVERIA-Black Forest-Oberbayern-Garmich Patenkirchen-Eibsee Lake-Zugspitze HIMACHAL-Kullu-Manali-Shimla-Lahaul-Spiti -Dharamshala-Kinnaur-Udaipur-Leh-Laddakh UK-SCOTLAND Glencoe-Fort William-Castle around Scotland-Lochness INDIA Jog Falls Ooty Goa Athirappily & Vazhachal Falls Kerala UK-ENGLAND-London-Manchester-Glasgow & others ITALY-Rome-Vatican City and Other UNESCO Heritage Sites around Rome. Soon my first book on 111 MIRACULOUS WONDERS OF WORLD YOU MUST SEE WHEN U ALIVE will be out with "111 WOW" i Phone application by the end of this year. Updating my official website sundeepkullu.com
KINDLY NOTE***The Stock samples of SDBWP SunDeep Bhardwaj World Photography in flickr Photostream cannot be Copied,Distributed,Published or Used in any form,full or in part,or in any kind of media without prior permission from Sundeep Bhardwaj the owner of these images.Utilization in other websites,intenet media,pages,blogs etc without written consent is PROHIBITED.
The images are also available for licence through GETTY IMAGES or directly by contacting me.
Add me as a friend on my facebook profile 2 as my facebook profile 1 is allmost full with 4000 plus friends here - www.facebook.com/sundeephimachal
Slide Shows | Full Screen Mode | Adobe Flash or Mobile
www.flickr.com/photos/wittysam/sets/72157624062762956/
www.flickr.com/photos/wittysam/sets/72157624062638852/show/
As the bodhimaṇḍa of Samantabhadra
Mount Emei is one of the Four Sacred Buddhist Mountains of China, and is traditionally regarded as the bodhimaṇḍa, or place of enlightenment, of the bodhisattva Samantabhadra. Samantabhadra is known in Mandarin as Pǔxián Púsà (普賢菩薩).
16th and 17th century sources allude to the practice of martial arts in the monasteries of Mount Emei[4] made the earliest extant reference to the Shaolin Monastery as Chinese boxing's place of origin.[5]
[edit]Buddhist architecture on Emei
This is the location of the first Buddhist temple built in China in the 1st century CE.[3] The site has seventy-six Buddhist monasteries of the Ming and Qing period, most of them located near the mountain top. The monasteries demonstrate a flexible architectural style that adapts to the landscape. Some, such as the halls of Baoguosi, are built on terraces of varying levels, while others, including the structures of Leiyinsi, are on raised stilts. Here the fixed plans of Buddhist monasteries of earlier periods were modified or ignored in order to make full use of the natural scenery. The buildings of Qingyinge are laid out in an irregular plot on the narrow piece of land between the Black Dragon River and the White Dragon River. The site is large and the winding foot path is 50 km, taking several days to walk.[6]
Cable cars ease the ascent to the two temples at Jinding (3,077 m), an hour's hike from the mountain's peak.[2][7]
[edit]Sunrise and clouds sea
Great spectacles of Mount Emei include the sunrise and Clouds Sea seen from the Golden Summit of the mountain.
The sunrise is very varied, but optimally begins with the ground and sky being in the same dark purple, soon showing rosy clouds, followed by a bright purple arc and then a semicircle where the sun is coming up.[8]
The Clouds Sea includes several cloud phenomena, e.g. clouds appearing in the sky above, in addition to the regular clouds beneath.[8]
[edit]Climate
The summit of Mount Emei has an alpine subarctic climate (Köppen Dwc), with long, cold (but not severely so) winters, and short, cool summers. The monthly daily average temperature ranges from −5.7 °C (21.7 °F) in January to 11.6 °C (52.9 °F), and an annual mean of 3.07 °C (37.5 °F). Precipitation is common year-round, but due to the influence of the monsoon, rainfall is especially heavy in summer, and more than 70% of the annual total occurs from June to September.
Head of the statue
Construction was started in 713, led by a Chinese monk named Haitong. He hoped that the Buddha would calm the turbulent waters that plagued the shipping vessels traveling down the river. When funding for the project was threatened, he is said to have gouged out his own eyes to show his piety and sincerity. After his death, however, the construction was stuck due to insufficient funding. About 70 years later, a jiedushi decided to sponsor the project and the construction was completed by Haitong's disciples in 803.
Apparently the massive construction resulted in so much stone being removed from the cliff face and deposited into the river below that the currents were indeed altered by the statue, making the waters safe for passing ships.
[edit]Degradation
The Leshan Buddha has been affected by the pollution emanating from the unbridled development in the region. According to Xinhua news agency, the Leshan Giant Buddha and many Chinese natural and cultural heritage sites in the region have seen degradations from weathering, air pollution, and swarms of tourists. The government has promised to restore the site to its former condition.[3]
[edit]Dimensions
At 71 metres (233 feet) tall, the statue depicts a seated Maitreya Buddha with his hands resting on his knees. His shoulders are 28 metres wide and his smallest toenail is large enough to easily accommodate a seated person. There is a local saying: "The mountain is a Buddha and the Buddha is a mountain". This is partially because the mountain range in which the Leshan Giant Buddha is located is thought to be shaped like a slumbering Buddha when seen from the river, with the Leshan Giant Buddha as its heart.
WDP1 No,15027 at Faridkot with train 346 14h05 Firozpur Cant to Jind passenger on 5th November 2007.
Originally posted to: petermolnar.net/emei-flowers/
Arriving at the top of Emei, at 3099m wasn't as elevating as we expected - mostly due to the thick fog. Given you're sitting inside a cloud, it is reasonable, but takes away one of the most magnificent sceneries you could experience.
However, it certainly results in a mystical, film-like athmosphere, where colours are unexpected and surprising.
WDP1 15018 of Tughlakabad at Rohtak Junction with train 54024, the 17:40 Jind Jn - Delhi Jn Passenger, Wednesday 21st March 2018.
After 45km of hiking from Baoguo I reached the summit of Emei Shan in glorious sunshine. The quiet forest trails of the last two days were replaced by bus loads of day trippers! The giant golden statue of the Bodhisatva Puxian sitting on his six-tusked elephant is quite spectacular.
Emei Shan, or Mount Emei, at 3,099m (10,167ft) is the highest of the Four Sacred Buddhist Mountains of China and is traditionally regarded as the bodhimaṇḍa (place of enlightenment) of the Bodhisatva Puxian (aka Samantabhadra) who made a pilgrimage to the mountain in the 6th century. It is the location of the first Buddhist temple built in China in the 1st century. The site has seventy-six Buddhist monasteries of the Ming and Qing period, most of them located near the mountain top. It was made a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1996.
It takes at least two days to hike the 45km from Baoguo town and a third day to hike 25km down as far as Wannian from where you can catch a bus back to Baoguo. Alternatively you can take a bus to start at Wannian or all the way to Jieyin from where you can hike the last hour or take a cable car to the summit. All the hiking is on stone steps - tough on the legs and knees!
You can stay at several of the monasteries on the mountain, although not the ones at the summit or at Wannian (now an expensive boutique hotel). The hotel at the summit is scruffy and extremely overpriced although it is the only place to stay to catch the famous sunrise – although I didn’t see it due to rain and low cloud!
Indian Railways WDP-1M 15034R arrives at Uchana station in Haryana with the 05:00 Hisar to Jind Junction [HSR-JIND] Passenger 54044.
This ex-'Baldie' 2,300 hp Alco machine dates from the late 1990s and was rebuilt at DLMW Patiala in December 2016.
All images on this site are exclusive property and may not be copied, downloaded, reproduced, transmitted, manipulated or used in any way without expressed written permission of the photographer. All rights reserved – Copyright Don Gatehouse
Princess Bamba Sutherland (1869–1957) was the last member of the family that ruled the Sikh Empire in the Punjab. She returned to Lahore from her childhood in England where she was said to have "lived like an alien in her father’s kingdom".Bamba Sofia Jindan Daleep Singh was the eldest daughter of Duleep Singh Sukerchakia and his first wife Bamba Müller. She was born on 29 September 1869 in London. She led an unusual life as her father (the ruler of the Punjab) had been brought to Britain as a child under the care of the East India Company, after the close of the Second Anglo-Sikh War and the subsequent annexation of the Punjab on 29 March 1849.
Bamba's future father was forcibly separated from his mother and brought up as a Christian. When Duleep returned from burying his mother in India he married an illegitimate girl who was working at a missionary school in Cairo. He brought her back to England as his wife and they lived a life of luxury and were known to Queen Victoria. Bamba was their first daughter and was named after her mother, her maternal grandmother and her paternal grandmother respectively. The name "Bamba" means pink in Arabic.
Bamba's grandmother, Jind Kaur, suffered a poor life in India after Bamba's father was taken from her. Eventually she was allowed to rejoin her son in England. Duleep collected her after special permission was given. Duleep was allowed by the British to visit India for the second time to bury his mother's ashes after she died in Britain, although the body had to remain at Kensal Green Cemetery for nearly a year whilst this was agreed. His mother's ashes were not allowed to be buried in Lahore but had to be placed in a memorial in Bombay.
Bamba lived at Elveden Hall until her mother died from kidney failure. She and the rest of her brothers and sisters were placed in the care of Arthur Oliphant, who was her father's equerry. There she completed her schooling until she went to Somerville College at Oxford.
When Bamba decided to visit India, she placed an advertisement to hire a companion. The lady selected was a Hungarian, Marie Antoinette Gottesmann, whose father was an Austro-Hungarian government official from the Catholic upper class circles of Budapest, with the cultural interests requested. The two of them made a number of visits to India settling in Lahore and Shimla. Whilst with the princess, Marie Antoinette met and married Umrao Singh Sher-Gil and they went to live in Hungary. A notable painter, Amrita Sher-Gil, was the result. Bamba settled alone in Lahore and eventually married the Principal of King Edward Medical College in Lahore - Dr David Waters Sutherland.
In 1924 permission was finally given for her grandmother's ashes to be buried in Lahore. It was Bamba who supervised their transfer from Bombay where they had been placed when her father visited India. Her grandmother had actually died in 1863, but it had taken a year to get permission for her body to be returned to India. This was apt as her father had met Bamba's mother in Cairo on his way back from burying his mother's ashes. Bamba deposited the ashes in the memorial to Maharaja Ranjit Singh, her great grandfather.
Sutherland was widowed in Lahore when her husband died in 1939. She was reported to dream of her former glory. She was the last survivor of a royal family who should have owned the Punjab. When she finally died it was said that her funeral was arranged by United Kingdom Deputy High Commissioner in Lahore.Actually the quiet funeral with few guests was arranged by her secretary, Pir Karim Bakhsh Supra.
Sutherland died on 10 March 1957. As the last surviving member of the dynasty, Bamba left a large quantity of important historical items to her secretary, Pir Karim Bakhsh Supra of Lahore. The collection consists of eighteen paintings, fourteen watercolours, 22 paintings on ivory and a number of photos and other articles. The collection was sold to the Pakistan government and it is kept in Lahore Fort. It is known as the Princess Bamba Collection.
Taken during my China trip 2009. Mount Emei (Emeishan) is always fantastic. The whole mountain is plenty of heritage site and wonderful nature. On Jinding summit in a fine day is wonderful and looks like heaven.
Una Escorts ||
Kota Escorts ||
Pali Escorts ||
Tonk Escorts ||
Agra Escorts ||
Gautam Buddha Nagar Escorts ||
Mau Escorts ||
Mau Escorts ||
Etah Escorts ||
Rewa Escorts ||
Guna Escorts ||
Dhar Escorts ||
Jind Escorts ||
Jind Escorts ||
Jind Escorts ||
Nuh Escorts ||
Moga Escorts ||
Juhu Escorts ||
Pune Escorts ||
Beed Escorts ||
Baga Escorts ||
Goa Escorts ||
Gaya Escorts ||
Leh Escorts ||
Durg Escorts ||
TKD WDP-3A led 12482 Shri Ganganagar - Delhi Intercity Express crosses 54031 Delhi- Jind Passenger near Nangloi.
Nabha occupies a unique historical space in the cultural fabric of Punjab. Descended from the lineage of Phulkian, which also included the states of Jind and Patiala, Nabha was one of the few princely states to overtly defy the authority of the British Empire.
The ruling house of Nabha enjoys a joint descent together with those of Patiala and Jind, from Phul, through his son Tiloka. Hamir Singh, great-grandson of Tiloka, founded the city of Nabha in 1755. In 1763 he sided with the Sikh sardars in their fight with the Mughal Viceroy Zain Khan, and was confirmed in the possessions of all the territories he had freed from the Mughal power. He established almost complete independence, and succeeded in creating a state under the name of the city he founded.
Jaswant Singh, son of Hamir, succeeded in 1784 and assumed the title of Raja. He joined his Phulkian kinsmen and entered into treaty relations with the British, in opposition to the court at Lahore. He maintained cordial relations with the Emperor in Delhi and secured recognition of his father's conquests and high titles of honour. His younger son and successor, Raja Sri Devender Singh, attempted to hedge his bets by remaining aloof during the Anglo-Sikh War. On securing their victory, the British charged him with intrigue with the enemy and abrogating his treaty responsibilities. Large tracts of territory were confiscated and the raja deposed in favour of his eldest surviving son.
Raja Bharpur Singh, who succeeded as a minor, did not make the same mistake as his father. At the age of 17, he led his troops in support of the British during the Indian Mutiny, holding Ludhiana against the mutineers for a continuous period of six months. His courage and services were honoured with a guarantee of his possessions, high honours and titles, additional territory and a seat on the Viceroy's Council. Sadly, his early death in 1863 robbed the state of a promising reign. Raja Bhagwan Singh, his younger brother succeeded but also died young and without issue, eight years later.
The British appointed a commission of Phulkian rulers to look into choosing a successor to the vacant throne. Their unanimous choice fell upon Hira Singh, the son of Kunwar Sukha Singh, of Badrukhan, in Jind. Their choice proved a fortuitous one. His long and prosperous reign saw his little patchwork state transformed. Buildings and monuments sprang up everywhere, roads and railways were constructed, and agriculture expanded. Gaining from the Sirhind irrigation canal, the state became a garden, producing wheat, millet, pulses, cotton and sugar. Land revenue receipts grew rapidly, and were ploughed back into improving agriculture, the infrastructure, schools and hospitals. A small but efficient army was created along modern lines, sent a contingent to the Second Afghan War in 1878 and the Tirah expedition in 1897. The Raja lived long enough to attend all the Imperial Durbars, but increasingly left affairs of state in the hands of his promising son.
Maharaja Shri Ripudaman Singh succeeded his father in 1911 having already served under him as virtual administrator for some years. His abilities were noticed by the Imperial authorities, who appointed him to the Central Legislature. There he spoke on behalf of the Sikh interest, supported and pioneered reforming legislation to the benefit of his race and India. However, soon after his succession, relations with his larger and more powerful kinsman at Patiala deteriorated. Unfortunately for Ripudaman, his state was small and insignificant in comparison to Patiala, who was also a British favourite. Unlike Patiala, he had publicly opposed the British over the Jallianwala Bagh massacre in 1919. When one of his escapades resulted in a suspected case of poisoning and another of kidnap, an enquiry was held and he was forced to relinquish administrative powers. A large allowance was awarded and he settled in Dehra Dun. However, he continued to support the cause of the Akali and Nationalist movements, and his popularity among the people grew in that context. Accused of breaching the terms of the agreement, he was deposed, stripped of his titles and exiled to Kodaikanal, in Madras. He died there during the Second World War.
Courtesy:- Nabha Foundation
The Yamuna (Hindustani: /jəmʊnaː/), sometimes called the Jamuna or Jumna (Hindustani: /d͡ʒəm(ʊ)na:/), is the longest and the second largest tributary river of the Ganges (Ganga) in northern India. Originating from the Yamunotri Glacier at a height of 6,387 metres on the south western slopes of Banderpooch peaks in the uppermost region of the Lower Himalayas in Uttarakhand, it travels a total length of 1,376 kilometres and has a drainage system of 366,223 square kilometres, 40.2% of the entire Ganges Basin, before merging with the Ganges at Triveni Sangam, Allahabad, the site for the Kumbha Mela every twelve years. It is the longest river in India which does not directly flow to the sea.
It crosses several states, Uttarakhand, Himachal Pradesh Haryana and Uttar Pradesh, passing by Uttarakhand and later Delhi, and meets its tributaries on the way, including Tons, its largest tributary in Uttarakhand, Chambal, its longest tributary which has its own large basin, followed by Sindh, the Betwa, and Ken. Most importantly it creates the highly fertile alluvial, Yamuna-Ganges Doab region between itself and the Ganges in the Indo-Gangetic plain. Nearly 57 million people depend on the Yamuna waters. With an annual flow of about 10,000 cubic billion metres (cbm) and usage of 4,400 cbm (of which irrigation constitutes 96 per cent), the river accounts for more than 70 per cent of Delhi’s water supplies. Just like the Ganges, the Yamuna too is highly venerated in Hinduism and worshipped as goddess Yamuna, throughout its course. In Hindu mythology, she is the daughter of Sun God, Surya, and sister of Yama, the God of Death, hence also known as Yami and according to popular legends, bathing in its sacred waters frees one from the torments of death.
The water of Yamuna is of "reasonably good quality" through its length from Yamunotri in the Himalayas to Wazirabad in Delhi, about 375 kilometres, where the discharge of waste water through 15 drains between Wazirabad barrage and Okhla barrage renders the river severely polluted after Wazirabad. One official describes the river as a "sewage drain" with biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) values ranging from 14 to 28 mg/l and high coliform content. There are three main sources of pollution in the river, namely households and municipal disposal sites, soil erosion resulting from deforestation occurring to make way for agriculture along with resulting chemical wash-off from fertilizers, herbicides, and pesticides and run-off from commercial activity and industrial sites.
SOURCE
The source of Yamuna lies in the Yamunotri Glacier at an elevation of 6,387 metres, on the south western slopes of Banderpooch peaks, which lie in the Mussoorie range of Lower Himalayas, in the Uttarkashi district, Uttarakhand, north of Haridwar. Yamunotri temple, a shrine dedicated to the goddess, Yamuna is one of the holiest shrines in Hinduism, and part of the Chota Char Dham Yatra circuit. Also standing close to the temple, on its 13-kilometre trek route, that follows the right bank of the river, lies the Markendeya Tirtha, where the sage Markandeya wrote the Markandeya Purana.
From here it flows southwards, for about 200 kilometres through the Lower Himalayas and the Shivalik Hills Range and morainic deposited are found in its steep Upper Yamuna village, highlighted with geomorphic features such as interlocking spurs, steep rock benches, gorges and stream terraces. Large terraces formed over a long period of time can be seen in the lower course of the river, like ones near Naugoan. An important part of its early catchment area totalling 2,320 square kilometres lies in Himachal Pradesh, and an important tributary draining the Upper Catchment Area is the Tons, Yamuna's largest tributary, which rises from the Hari-ki-dun valley and holds water more than the main stream, which it merges after Kalsi near Dehradun. The entire drainage system of the river stretches all the way between Giri-Sutlej catchment in Himachal and Yamuna-Bhilangna catchment in Garhwal, indeed the southern ridge of Shimla is also drained into this system. Kalanag (6,387 metres) is the highest point of the entire Yamuna basin.
Other tributaries in the region are the Giri, Rishi Ganga, Kunta, Hanuman Ganga and Bata tributaries, which drain the Upper Catchment Area of the vast Yamuna basin. Thereafter the river descends on to the plains of Doon Valley, at Dak Pathar near Dehradun. Here through the Dakpathar Barrage, the water is diverted into a canal for power generation, little further down where Yamuna is met by the Assan River, lies the Asan Barrage, which hosts a Bird Sanctuary as well. After passing the Sikh pilgrimage town of Paonta Sahib, it reaches Tajewala in Yamuna Nagar district (named after the river itself), of Haryana, where a dam built in 1873, is the originating place of two important canals, the Western Yamuna Canal and Eastern Yamuna Canal, which irrigate the states of Haryana and Uttar Pradesh. The Western Yamuna Canal (WYC) crosses Yamuna Nagar, Karnal and Panipat before reaching the Haiderpur treatment plant, which supplies part of municipal water supply to Delhi, further it also receives waste water from Yamuna Nagar and Panipat cities. Yamuna is replenished again after this by seasonal streams and groundwater accrual, in fact during the dry season, it remains dry in many stretches from Tajewala till Delhi, where it enters near Palla village after traversing 224 kilometres.
The Yamuna also creates natural state borders between the Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand states, and further down between the state of Haryana, Delhi and Uttar Pradesh. Along with the Ganges to which run almost parallel after it touches the Indo-Gangetic plain, the largest alluvial fertile plain in the world, it creates the Ganges-Yamuna Doab region spread across 69,000 square kilometres, one-third of the entire plain, and today known for its agricultural outputs, prominent among them is the cultivation of Basmati Rice. The plain itself supports one-third of India's population through its farming.
Subsequently, it flows through the states of Delhi, Haryana and Uttar Pradesh before merging with the Ganges at a sacred spot known as Triveni Sangam in Allahabad after traversing a distance of 1,376 kilometres. Here pilgrims travel by boats to platforms erected mid stream to offer prayers. During the Kumbh Mela, held every 12 years, the ghats around the Sangam are venue of large congregation of people, who take dip in the sacred waters of the confluence. The cities of Baghpat, Delhi, Noida, Mathura, Agra, Firozabad, Etawah, Kalpi, Hamirpur, Allahabad lie on its banks. At Etawah, it meets it another important tributary, Chambal, followed by a host of tributaries further down, including, Sindh, the Betwa, and Ken.
IMPORTANT TRIBUTARIES
Tons River, Yamuna's largest tributary, rises in the 6,315 m high Bandarpoonch mountain, and has a large basin in Himachal Pradesh. It meets Yamuna below Kalsi near Dehradun, Uttarakhand.
Hindon River, originates in the Saharanpur District, from Upper Shivalik in Lower Himalayan Range, is entirely rainfed and has a catchment area of 7,083 square kilometres, traverses 400 kilometres through Muzaffarnagar District, Meerut District, Baghpat District, Ghaziabad, Noida, Greater Noida, before joining Yamuna just outside Delhi.
Ken River, flows through Bundelkhand region of Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh, it originates near village Ahirgawan in Jabalpur district and travels a distance of 427 kilometres, before merging with the Yamuna at Chilla village, near Fatehpur in Uttar Pradesh, and has an overall drainage basin of 28,058 square kilometres.
Chambal River, known as Charmanvati in ancient times, is Yamuna's longest tributary flows through Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh, with a drainage basin of 143,219 square kilometres and traverses a total distance of 960 kilometres, from its source in Vindhya Range, near Mhow and supports hydro-power generation at Gandhi Sagar dam, Rana Pratap Sagar dam and Jawahar Sagar dam, before merging into the Yamuna south east of Sohan Goan, in Etawah district, shortly thereafter followed by another tributary, the Sindh River.
Sasur Khaderi River, known as Sasur Khaderi is a tributary in Fatehpur district.
HISTORY
The name Yamuna seems to be derived from the Sanskrit word "yama", meaning 'twin', and it may have been applied to the river because it runs parallel to the Ganges. The Yamuna is mentioned at many places in the Rig Veda, which was composed during the Vedic period between ca. 1700–1100 BC, and also in the later Atharvaveda, and the Brahmanas including Aitareya Brahmana and Shatapatha Brahmana. In Rig Veda, the story of the Yamuna describes her "excessive love" for her twin, Yama, who in turn asks her to find a suitable match for herself, which she does in Krishna. It is also said that lord shiva was the main reason for the colour of the Yamuna river. After the death of Sati Devi, lord shiva couldn't tolerate the sadness around him and used to roam here and there. And At last when he went to Yamuna river, it became so black as it absorbed all his sorrow.
The tale is further detailed in the 16th century Sanskrit hymn, Yamunashtakam, an ode by the philosopher Vallabhacharya. Here the story of her descent to meet her beloved Krishna and to purify the world has been put into verse. The hymn also praises her for being the source of all spiritual abilities. And while the Ganges is considered an epitome of asceticism and higher knowledge and can grant us Moksha or liberation, it is Yamuna, who, being a holder of infinite love and compassion, can grant us freedom, even from death, the realm of her elder brother. She rushes down the Kalinda Mountain, and verily describes her as the daughter of Kalinda, giving her another name, Kalindi, the backdrop of Krishna Leela. The text also talks about her water being of the colour of Lord Krishna, which is dark (Shyam). The river is referred as Asita in some historical texts.
It is mentioned as Iomanes (Ioames) in the surveys of Seleucus I Nicator, an officer of Alexander the Great and one of the Diadochi, who visited India in 305 BC, later Megasthenes, a Greek traveller and geographer, visited India, sometimes before 288 BC, the date of Chandragupta's death, also mention the river in his text Indica, where he described the region around it as the land of Surasena. In Mahabharata, Indraprastha, the capital of Pandavas was also situated on the banks of Yamuna, it is considered to the modern day city of Delhi.
Geological evidence indicates that in the distant past the Yamuna was a tributary of the Ghaggar River (also known as the Vedic Sarasvati River), but that it later changed its course eastward due to a tectonic event, becoming a tributary of the Ganges. This may have led to the Sarasvati River drying up, the end of many Harappan civilisation settlements, and creation of the Thar desert. However, recent geological research suggests that the diversion of the Yamuna to the Ganges may have occurred during the Pleistocene, and thus could not be connected to the decline of the Harappan civilisation in the region.
The importance of the Ganges–Yamuna river basin, and the Doab region as traditional the seat of power, can be derived from the fact, in much of early history of India, most of great empires, which ruled over majority of India, until the Chalukyas King, Vinayaditya, were based in the highly fertile Ganges–Yamuna basin, including the Magadha (ca 600 BC), Maurya Empire (321–185 BC), Shunga Empire (185–73 BCE), Kushan Empire (1st–3rd centuries CE), Gupta Empire (280–550 CE), and many had their capitals here, in cities like Pataliputra or Mathura. These rivers were revered throughout these kingdoms that flourished on their banks, in fact ever since the period of Chandragupta II (r. 375–415 CE), statues both the Ganges and Yamuna became common throughout the Gupta Empire. Further to the South, images of the Ganges and Yamuna are found amidst shrines of the Chalukyas, Rashtrakutas (753–982), as well as on their royal seals, and prior to them, the Chola Empire too added the river into their architectural motifs. The Three River Goddess shrine, next of famous Kailash rock-cut Temple at Ellora, built by Rashtrakuta King, Govinda III, shows the Ganges flanked by the Yamuna and Saraswati.
RELIGIOUS SIGNIFICANCE
The goddess of the river, also known as Yami, is the sister of Yama, god of death, and the daughter of Surya, the Sun god, and his wife Saranyu. Yamuna, referred to respectfully as Yamunaji, holds a very important position in Pushti Marga, a sect of Hinduism based on the ShuddhAdvaita, in which Shri Krishna is the main deity, propagated by VallabhAcharya / MahaPrabhuji, and having a large following in India.
The river Yamuna is also connected to the religious beliefs surrounding Krishna and various stories connected with Him are found in Hindu religious texts, especially the Puranas, like that of Kaliya Daman, the subduing of Kaliya, a poisonous Nāga snake, which had inhabited the river and terrorised the people of Braja. Yamuna, according to the legends, is closely related to Lord Krishna and Mahabharata. Krishna was taken across the Yamuna on the night of his birth. Kansa, Krishna's maternal uncle planned to kill all his nephews, as his eighth nephew was predicted to be his Kāla. When Vasudeva, carrying Krishna in a basket, reaches the river Yamuna, on the extremely turbulent, rainy night of Krishna's birth, Yamuna is said to have parted to make way for Vasudeva.
Krishna and the Gopis also used to play on the banks of the Yamunaji as children.
MANAGEMENT
The stretch of the river from its origin to Okhla in Delhi is called “Upper Yamuna”. A Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) was signed amongst the five basin states, namely Himachal Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Haryana, Rajasthan and Delhi, on 12 May 1994 for sharing of the water of Upper Yamuna. This led to the formation of Upper Yamuna River Board under Ministry of Water Resources, whose primary functions are regulation of the allocation of available flows amongst the beneficiary states and also for monitoring the return flows; monitoring conserving and upgrading the quality of surface and ground water; maintaining hydro-meteorological data for the basin; over viewing plans for watershed management; monitoring and reviewing the progress of all projects up to and including Okhla barrage.
Flood forecasting systems are established at Poanta Sahib, where Tons, Pawar and Giri tributaries meet, followed by Tajewala, Kalanaur, Haryana and Mawai before Delhi, the river take 60 hours to travel from Tajewala to Delhi, thus allowing a two-day advance flood warning period. The Central Water Commission started flood-forecasting services in 1958 with the setting up of its first forecasting station on Yamuna at Delhi Railway Bridge, India.
IRRIGATION
The importance of Yamuna in the Indo-Gangetic Plains is enhanced by its many canals, some dating back to as early as 14th century CE by the Tughlaq dynasty, which built the Nahr-i-Bahisht (Paradise), parallel to the river. The Nahr-i-Bahisht was later restored and extended by the Mughals in the first half of the 17th century, by engineer Ali Mardan Khan, starting from Benawas where the river enters the plains and terminating near the Mughal capital, Shahjahanabad, the present city of Delhi.
As the Yamuna enters the Northern plains near Dakpathar at an elevation of 790 metres, the Eastern Yamuna Canal commences at the Dakpathar Barrage and pauses at the Asan and Hathnikund Barrages before continuing south. The Hathnikund was built in 1999 and replaced the downstream Tajewala Barrage which had been completed in 1873.
WESTERN YAMUNA CANAL
Built in 1335 CE by Firuz Shah Tughlaq, excessive silting caused it to stop flowing in 1750 CE, British raj undertook a three-year renovation in 1817 by Bengal Engineer Group, in 1832-33 Tajewala Barrage dam at Yaumna was built to regulate the flow of water, in 1875-76 Pathrala barrage at Dadupur and Somb river dam downstream of canal were built, in 1889-95 the largest branch of the canal Sirsa branch was constructed, the modern Hathni Kund Barrage was built in 1999 to handle the problem of silting to replace the older Tajewala Barrage.
The Western Yamuna Canal begins at the Hathnikund Barrage about 38 kilometres from Dakpathar and south of Doon Valley. The canals irrigate vast tracts of land in the region in Ambala district, Karnal district, Sonepat district, Rohtak district, Jind district, Hisar district and Bhiwani district.
Once its passes Delhi, the river feeds the Agra Canal built in 1874, which starts from Okhla barrage beyond the Nizamuddin bridge, and the high land between the Khari-Nadi and the Yamuna and before joining the Banganga river about 32 kilometres below Agra. Thus, during the summer season, the stretch above Agra resembles a minor stream.
The 86 km long main canal has the total length of 325 km including its branches such as Sirsa branch, Hansi branch, Butana branch, Sunder branch, Delhi branch, along with hundreds of major and minor irrigation channels which are also breeding grounds for man species of birds.
DELHI BRANCH
The Munak canal, also called Delhi Branch, 22 km canal was built in 1819, and renovated in 2008, originates at Munak village in Gharaunda tehsil of Karnal district is a branch of Western Yaumna Canal to bring 700 cusecs water to Delhi.
SIRSA BRANCH
The Sirsa Branch, originating at Indri, is a sub-branch of Sirsa branch of Western Yaumna Canal which menders through Jind district, Fatehabad district and Sirsa district.
BARWALA BRANCH
The Barwala Branch is a sub-branch of Sirsa branch of Western Yaumna Canal. It meanders through Barwala tehsil of Hisar district.
HANSI BRANCH
The Hansi Branch, built in 1825 and remodelled in 1959, originating at Munak village in Gharaunda tehsil of Karnal district is a branch of Western Yaumna Canal that meanders through Hansi tehsil of Hisar district.
BUTANA BRANCH
The Butana Branch is a sub-branch of Western Yaumna Canal that meanders through Hansi tehsil of Hisar district.
SUNDER BRANCH
The Sunder Branch of Western Yamuna Canal is a sub-branch of Butana branch of Hansi branch and goes to Kanwari and beyond in Hisar (district).
JIND BRANCH
The Jind Branch is a branch of Western Yaumna Canal which menders through Jind district.
ROHTAK BRANCH
The Rohtak Branch is a sub-branch of Jind branch of Western Yaumna Canal and it meanders through Rohtak district.[29][31]
BHIWANI BRANCH
The Bhiwani Branch is a sub-branch of Jind branch of Western Yaumna Canal and it meanders through Bhiwani district and goes to Bidhwan and beyond.
BHALAUT BRANCH
The Bhalaut Branch, originating at Khubru village,[30] is a sub-branch of Delhi branch of Western Yaumna Canal that flows through Jhajjar district.
JHAJJAR BRANCH
The Jhajjar Branch is a sub-branch of Bhalaut branch of Western Yaumna Canal that flows through Jhajjar district.
THE SUTLEJ-YAMUNA LINK
A heavy freight canal, known as the Sutlej-Yamuna Link (SYL), is being built westwards from near the Yamuna's headwaters through the Punjab region near an ancient caravan route and highlands pass to the navigable pars of the Sutlej-Indus watershed. This will connect the entire Ganges, which flows to the east coast of the subcontinent, with points west (via Pakistan). When completed, the SYL will allow shipping from India's east coast to the west coast and the Arabian sea, drastically shortening shiportant commercial links for north-central India's large population. The canal starts near Palla village near Delhi, and is designed to transfer Haryana's share of 4.3 km3 from the Indus Basin.
CONSERVATION ZONE
On 25 April 2014, The National Green Tribunal recommended the Government to declare a 52-kilometre stretch of the Yamuna in Delhi and Uttar Pradesh as a conservation zone. A report has been prepared by the ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF) panel and submitted to the NGA on the same day.
POLLUTION
In 1909 the waters of the Yamuna were distinguishable as "clear blue", as compared to the silt-laden yellow of the Ganges. However, due to high density population growth and rapid industrialisation today Yamuna is one of the most polluted rivers in the world, especially around New Delhi, the capital of India, which dumps about 58% of its waste into the river. A recent study shows that there is 100% urban metabolism of River Yamuna as it passes through the National Capital Territory (NCT) of Delhi.
CAUSES
New Delhi generates 1,900 million litres (500,000,000 US gal) per day (MLD) of sewage. Though many attempts have been made to process it, the efforts have proven futile. Although the government of India has spent nearly $500 million to clean up the river, the Yamuna continues to be polluted with garbage while most sewage treatment facilities are underfunded or malfunctioning. In addition, the water in this river remains stagnant for almost nine months in a year, aggravating the situation. Delhi alone contributes around 3,296 MLD of sewage in the river. The government of India over the next five years has prepared plans to rebuild and repair the sewage system and the drains that empty into the river.
To address river pollution, certain measures of river cleaning have been taken by the Ministry of Environment and Forests in 12 towns of Haryana, eight towns of Uttar Pradesh, and Delhi, under the Yamuna Action Plan (YAP) which has been implemented since 1993 by the National River Conservation Directorate (NRCD) of the Ministry of Environment and Forests. The Japan Bank for International Cooperation is participating in the Yamuna Action Plan in 15 of the above 21 towns (excluding six towns of Haryana included later on the direction of Supreme Court of India) with soft loan assistance of 17.773 billion Japanese yen (equivalent to about Rs. 700 crore INR) while the government of India is providing the funds for the remaining six towns added later. In 2007 the Indian government's plans to repair sewage lines were predicted to improve the water quality of the river 90% by the year 2010.
The last barrage across Yamuna river is at Mathura for supply of drinking water to the city. Downstream of this barrage, many pumping stations are constructed to feed the river water for irrigation needs. These pumping stations are near Pateora Danda 25°55′09″N 80°13′27″E, Samgara 25°41′13″N 80°46′27″E, Ainjhi 25°43′35″N 80°49′33″E, Bilas Khadar 25°31′35″N 81°02′43″E, Samari 25°27′19″N 81°11′43″E, etc. (Refer to Google Earth maps.) Depletion of the base flows available in the river during the non-monsoon months by these pump houses is enhancing river pollution from Mathura to Allahabad in the absence of adequate fresh water to dilute the polluted water reaching the river from habitations and industries.
However, in 2009, the Union government admitted to the Lok Sabha (Indian Parliament), the failure of the Ganga Action Plan and the Yamuna Action Plan, saying that "rivers Ganga and Yamuna are no cleaner now than two decades ago" despite spending over Rs 1,700 crore to control pollution. According to a CSE official, these plans adopted the Thames model, based on a centralised sewage treatment system. This meant that huge sum of money and a 24-hour power supply were needed to manage the treatment plants, while only an 8-hour power supply was available, contributing to the failure of the river plans.
In August 2009, the Delhi Jal Board (DJB) initiated its plan for resuscitating the Yamuna’s 22-kilometre stretch in Delhi by constructing interceptor sewers, at the cost of about Rs 1,800 crore.
WIKIPEDIA
Taken during my China trip 2009. Mount Emei (Emeishan) is always fantastic. The whole mountain is plenty of heritage site and wonderful nature. On Jinding summit in a fine day is wonderful and looks like heaven.
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Mount Emei
"Omei Shan" redirects here. For the bird, see Grey-faced Liocichla.
"峨眉山" redirects here. For the county-level city, see Emeishan City.
Mount Emei Scenic Area, including Leshan Giant Buddha Scenic Area *
UNESCO World Heritage Site
CountryPeople's Republic of China
TypeCultural and Natural (Mixed)
Criteriaiv, vi, x
Reference779
Region **Asia-Pacific
Inscription history
Inscription1996 (20th Session)
* Name as inscribed on World Heritage List
** Region as classified by UNESCO
Mount Emei
Emei Shan
Mount Emei
Emeishan City, Sichuan
Elevation3,099 m (10,167 ft)
Location
Coordinates29°31′11″N 103°19′57″ECoordinates: 29°31′11″N 103°19′57″E
Part of the series on
Chinese martial arts
List of Chinese martial arts
Terms
Kung fu (功夫)
Wushu (武術)
Qigong (氣功)
Historical places
Shaolin Monastery (少林寺)
Wudang Mountains (武當山)
Mount Hua (華山)
Mount Emei (峨嵋山)
Kunlun Mountains (崑崙山)
Historical people
Yim Wing-chun (嚴詠春)
Hung Hei-gun (洪熙官)
Fong Sai-yuk (方世玉)
Dong Haichuan (董海川)
Yang Lu-ch'an (楊露禪)
Wu Quanyou (吳全佑)
Ten Tigers of Canton (廣東十虎)
Chen Fake (陳發科)
Chan Heung (陳享)
Wong Fei-hung (黃飛鴻)
Sun Lu-t'ang (孫祿堂)
Huo Yuanjia (霍元甲)
Yip Man (葉問)
Wang Zi-Ping (王子平)
Famous modern actors
Bruce Lee (李小龍)
Jackie Chan (成龍)
Sammo Hung (洪金寶)
Yuen Biao (元彪)
Jet Li (李連杰)
Donnie Yen (甄子丹)
Legendary figures
Bodhidharma (菩提達摩)
Zhang Sanfeng (張三丰)
Eight immortals (八仙)
Five Elders (五祖)
Related
Hong Kong action cinema
Wushu (sport)
Wuxia (武俠)
This box: view talk edit
Mount Emei (Chinese: 峨嵋山; pinyin: Éméi Shān; Wade–Giles: O2-mei2 Shan1, pronounced [ɤ̌měɪ̯ ʂán]) is a mountain in Sichuan province, China. Mount Emei is often written as 峨眉山 and occasionally 峩嵋山 or 峩眉山 but all three are translated as Mount Emei or Mount Emeishan: the word 峨 can mean "high" or "lofty", but the mountain's name is merely a toponym that carries no additional meaning.
Orographically, Mt. Emei sits at the western rim of the Sichuan Basin. The mountains west of it are known as Daxiangling.[1] A large surrounding area of countryside is geologically known as the Permian Emeishan Large Igneous Province, a large igneous province generated by the Emeishan Traps volcanic eruptions during the Permian Period. At 3,099 metres (10,167 ft), Mt. Emei is the highest of the Four Sacred Buddhist Mountains of China.[2]
Administratively, Mt. Emei (Emeishan) is located near the county-level city of the same name (Emeishan City), which is part of the prefecture-level city of Leshan.
Mt. Emei was made a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1996.[3]
Leshan Giant Buddha
Mount Emei Scenic Area, including Leshan Giant Buddha Scenic Area *
UNESCO World Heritage Site
CountryPeople's Republic of China
TypeMixed
Criteriaiv, vi, x
Reference779
Region **Asia-Pacific
Inscription history
Inscription1996 (20th Session)
* Name as inscribed on World Heritage List
** Region as classified by UNESCO
The Leshan Giant Buddha (simplified Chinese: 乐山大佛; traditional Chinese: 樂山大佛; pinyin: Lèshān Dàfó) was built during the Tang Dynasty (618–907AD). It is carved out of a cliff face that lies at the confluence of the Minjiang, Dadu and Qingyi rivers in the southern part of Sichuan province in China, near the city of Leshan. The stone sculpture faces Mount Emei, with the rivers flowing below his feet. It is the largest carved stone Buddha in the world[1] and it is by far the tallest pre-modern statue in the world.
The Mount Emei Scenic Area, including Leshan Giant Buddha Scenic Area has been listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1996. It was not damaged by the 2008 Sichuan earthquake.[2]
©SunDeep™©® Bhardwaj Kullu sundepkullu.com phototube.co himachalculturalvillage.com
SDBWP™©® SunDeep™ Bhardwaj World Photography™©®,
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I travelled to most exotic places on this earth in last 9 years since 2003. I was exploring India from east to west and north to south till mid 2007. Then i started my World tour to 6 continents in May 2007 & entering 2012, my World tour is still on & i am exploring more and more exotic places around all major countries. I believe "World is just amazing" and every place & face has a unique story to tell. I connect to my subjects as to my soul.
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These are reduced sized pictures.Orignal pictures shot in 5,616 × 3,744 (21.1 megapixels) using Canon EOS 5D Mark II FULL FRAME DSLR CAMERA or 3872 x 2592 (10.2 million effective pixels) using NIKON D60 DSLR or 4,288 × 2,848 (12.3 effective megapixels) USING NIKON D90 DSLR's.For full size images contact me.
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SunDeep™©® Bhardwaj Kullu
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***Publishing Photostories clicked in the most exotic places on earth in 15 countries that I visited in last 6 months. For all stories of 70+ Countries go to my oficial website sundeepkullu.com ™©®
My latest 15 explored destinations in my 6th year of World tour so far to 70+Countries & 300+Destinations across 6 Continents and 9 th year of Travel Photography & Videography of Places People Culture Landscapes.Recently explored these exotic places in CHINA Mout.Emai-Leshan-Chengdu-Chongquing , JAPAN Horyuji Temple 1300 years old Japan's most sacred place & UNESCO site UAE-Al Ain-Abu Dhabi-Dubai-Burj Al Arab-Al Khaleefa Tallest building in the World, SWEDEN-Stocholm-National Parks, AUSTRALIA-Melbourne-Great Ocean Road-Twelve Apostles this week. BELGIUM Brussels, DENMARK-Copenhagen, VIETNAM Hanoi-Halong Bay MALAYSIA-Kuala Lumpur-Kanting Falls-Batu Caves-Petronas Twin Towers , CANADA-Quebec-Ontario-Montreal, ATLANTIC-GREENLAND-LABRADOR PENINSULA-Lebrador Sea, SOUTH AFRICA Johnnesburg-The Cradle of Mankind-Stolkfontien Caves and Lion & Rino Park with others INDIA-Kashmir-Gulmarg-Srinagar CHINA-Shanghai-Zhejiang-Hangzhou-The West Lake GERMANY-BAVERIA-Black Forest-Oberbayern-Garmich Patenkirchen-Eibsee Lake-Zugspitze HIMACHAL-Kullu-Manali-Shimla-Lahaul-Spiti -Dharamshala-Kinnaur-Udaipur-Leh-Laddakh UK-SCOTLAND Glencoe-Fort William-Castle around Scotland-Lochness INDIA Jog Falls Ooty Goa Athirappily & Vazhachal Falls Kerala UK-ENGLAND-London-Manchester-Glasgow & others ITALY-Rome-Vatican City and Other UNESCO Heritage Sites around Rome. Soon my first book on 111 MIRACULOUS WONDERS OF WORLD YOU MUST SEE WHEN U ALIVE will be out with "111 WOW" i Phone application by the end of this year. Updating my official website sundeepkullu.com
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As the bodhimaṇḍa of Samantabhadra
Mount Emei is one of the Four Sacred Buddhist Mountains of China, and is traditionally regarded as the bodhimaṇḍa, or place of enlightenment, of the bodhisattva Samantabhadra. Samantabhadra is known in Mandarin as Pǔxián Púsà (普賢菩薩).
16th and 17th century sources allude to the practice of martial arts in the monasteries of Mount Emei[4] made the earliest extant reference to the Shaolin Monastery as Chinese boxing's place of origin.[5]
[edit]Buddhist architecture on Emei
This is the location of the first Buddhist temple built in China in the 1st century CE.[3] The site has seventy-six Buddhist monasteries of the Ming and Qing period, most of them located near the mountain top. The monasteries demonstrate a flexible architectural style that adapts to the landscape. Some, such as the halls of Baoguosi, are built on terraces of varying levels, while others, including the structures of Leiyinsi, are on raised stilts. Here the fixed plans of Buddhist monasteries of earlier periods were modified or ignored in order to make full use of the natural scenery. The buildings of Qingyinge are laid out in an irregular plot on the narrow piece of land between the Black Dragon River and the White Dragon River. The site is large and the winding foot path is 50 km, taking several days to walk.[6]
Cable cars ease the ascent to the two temples at Jinding (3,077 m), an hour's hike from the mountain's peak.[2][7]
[edit]Sunrise and clouds sea
Great spectacles of Mount Emei include the sunrise and Clouds Sea seen from the Golden Summit of the mountain.
The sunrise is very varied, but optimally begins with the ground and sky being in the same dark purple, soon showing rosy clouds, followed by a bright purple arc and then a semicircle where the sun is coming up.[8]
The Clouds Sea includes several cloud phenomena, e.g. clouds appearing in the sky above, in addition to the regular clouds beneath.[8]
[edit]Climate
The summit of Mount Emei has an alpine subarctic climate (Köppen Dwc), with long, cold (but not severely so) winters, and short, cool summers. The monthly daily average temperature ranges from −5.7 °C (21.7 °F) in January to 11.6 °C (52.9 °F), and an annual mean of 3.07 °C (37.5 °F). Precipitation is common year-round, but due to the influence of the monsoon, rainfall is especially heavy in summer, and more than 70% of the annual total occurs from June to September.
Head of the statue
Construction was started in 713, led by a Chinese monk named Haitong. He hoped that the Buddha would calm the turbulent waters that plagued the shipping vessels traveling down the river. When funding for the project was threatened, he is said to have gouged out his own eyes to show his piety and sincerity. After his death, however, the construction was stuck due to insufficient funding. About 70 years later, a jiedushi decided to sponsor the project and the construction was completed by Haitong's disciples in 803.
Apparently the massive construction resulted in so much stone being removed from the cliff face and deposited into the river below that the currents were indeed altered by the statue, making the waters safe for passing ships.
[edit]Degradation
The Leshan Buddha has been affected by the pollution emanating from the unbridled development in the region. According to Xinhua news agency, the Leshan Giant Buddha and many Chinese natural and cultural heritage sites in the region have seen degradations from weathering, air pollution, and swarms of tourists. The government has promised to restore the site to its former condition.[3]
[edit]Dimensions
At 71 metres (233 feet) tall, the statue depicts a seated Maitreya Buddha with his hands resting on his knees. His shoulders are 28 metres wide and his smallest toenail is large enough to easily accommodate a seated person. There is a local saying: "The mountain is a Buddha and the Buddha is a mountain". This is partially because the mountain range in which the Leshan Giant Buddha is located is thought to be shaped like a slumbering Buddha when seen from the river, with the Leshan Giant Buddha as its heart.
Taken during my China trip 2009. Mount Emei (Emeishan) is always fantastic. The whole mountain is plenty of heritage site and wonderful nature. On Jinding summit in a fine day is wonderful and looks like heaven.
©All rights reserved © sundeepkullu.com ™©® SunDeep™©® Bhardwaj Kullu
Share this Photostory (As i call it..) Publically with these URL Links below (Embedding Not Allowed) :
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Sichuan Giant Panda Sanctuaries *
Brief Description
Sichuan Giant Panda Sanctuaries, home to more than 30% of the world's pandas which are classed as highly endangered, covers 924,500 ha with seven nature reserves and nine scenic parks in the Qionglai and Jiajin Mountains. The sanctuaries constitute the largest remaining contiguous habitat of the giant panda, a relict from the paleo-tropic forests of the Tertiary Era. It is also the species' most important site for captive breeding. The sanctuaries are home to other globally endangered animals such as the red panda, the snow leopard and clouded leopard. They are among the botanically richest sites of any region in the world outside the tropical rainforests, with between 5,000 and 6,000 species of flora in over 1,000 genera.
UNESCO World Heritage Site
Country China
TypeNatural
Criteriax
Reference1213
Region **Asia-Pacific
Inscription history
Inscription2006 (30th Session)
* Name as inscribed on World Heritage List
** Region as classified by UNESCO
The Sichuan Giant Panda Sanctuaries (simplified Chinese: 四川大熊猫栖息地; traditional Chinese: 四川大熊貓棲息地; pinyin: Sìchuān Dàxióngmāo Qīxīdì) located in southwest Sichuan province of China, is the home to more than 30% of the world's highly endangered Giant Pandas and is among the most important sites for the captive breeding of these pandas. It covers 9245 km² with seven nature reserves and nine scenic parks in the Qionglai and Jiajin Mountains. Along with the Giant Panda, the sanctuary is a refuge to other endangered species such as the red panda, the snow leopard, and the clouded leopard. Outside of the tropical rainforests, it is among the botanically richest sites of the world, and is home to between 5,000 and 6,000 species of flora. It has been noted that the region is similar to the paleo-tropic forests of the Tertiary Era.
Mount Emei
"Omei Shan" redirects here. For the bird, see Grey-faced Liocichla.
"峨眉山" redirects here. For the county-level city, see Emeishan City.
Mount Emei Scenic Area, including Leshan Giant Buddha Scenic Area *
UNESCO World Heritage Site
CountryPeople's Republic of China
TypeCultural and Natural (Mixed)
Criteriaiv, vi, x
Reference779
Region **Asia-Pacific
Inscription history
Inscription1996 (20th Session)
* Name as inscribed on World Heritage List
** Region as classified by UNESCO
Mount Emei
Emei Shan
Mount Emei
Emeishan City, Sichuan
Elevation3,099 m (10,167 ft)
Location
Coordinates29°31′11″N 103°19′57″ECoordinates: 29°31′11″N 103°19′57″E
Part of the series on
Chinese martial arts
List of Chinese martial arts
Terms
Kung fu (功夫)
Wushu (武術)
Qigong (氣功)
Historical places
Shaolin Monastery (少林寺)
Wudang Mountains (武當山)
Mount Hua (華山)
Mount Emei (峨嵋山)
Kunlun Mountains (崑崙山)
Historical people
Yim Wing-chun (嚴詠春)
Hung Hei-gun (洪熙官)
Fong Sai-yuk (方世玉)
Dong Haichuan (董海川)
Yang Lu-ch'an (楊露禪)
Wu Quanyou (吳全佑)
Ten Tigers of Canton (廣東十虎)
Chen Fake (陳發科)
Chan Heung (陳享)
Wong Fei-hung (黃飛鴻)
Sun Lu-t'ang (孫祿堂)
Huo Yuanjia (霍元甲)
Yip Man (葉問)
Wang Zi-Ping (王子平)
Famous modern actors
Bruce Lee (李小龍)
Jackie Chan (成龍)
Sammo Hung (洪金寶)
Yuen Biao (元彪)
Jet Li (李連杰)
Donnie Yen (甄子丹)
Legendary figures
Bodhidharma (菩提達摩)
Zhang Sanfeng (張三丰)
Eight immortals (八仙)
Five Elders (五祖)
Related
Hong Kong action cinema
Wushu (sport)
Wuxia (武俠)
This box: view talk edit
Mount Emei (Chinese: 峨嵋山; pinyin: Éméi Shān; Wade–Giles: O2-mei2 Shan1, pronounced [ɤ̌měɪ̯ ʂán]) is a mountain in Sichuan province, China. Mount Emei is often written as 峨眉山 and occasionally 峩嵋山 or 峩眉山 but all three are translated as Mount Emei or Mount Emeishan: the word 峨 can mean "high" or "lofty", but the mountain's name is merely a toponym that carries no additional meaning.
Orographically, Mt. Emei sits at the western rim of the Sichuan Basin. The mountains west of it are known as Daxiangling.[1] A large surrounding area of countryside is geologically known as the Permian Emeishan Large Igneous Province, a large igneous province generated by the Emeishan Traps volcanic eruptions during the Permian Period. At 3,099 metres (10,167 ft), Mt. Emei is the highest of the Four Sacred Buddhist Mountains of China.[2]
Administratively, Mt. Emei (Emeishan) is located near the county-level city of the same name (Emeishan City), which is part of the prefecture-level city of Leshan.
Mt. Emei was made a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1996.[3]
Leshan Giant Buddha
Mount Emei Scenic Area, including Leshan Giant Buddha Scenic Area *
UNESCO World Heritage Site
CountryPeople's Republic of China
TypeMixed
Criteriaiv, vi, x
Reference779
Region **Asia-Pacific
Inscription history
Inscription1996 (20th Session)
* Name as inscribed on World Heritage List
** Region as classified by UNESCO
The Leshan Giant Buddha (simplified Chinese: 乐山大佛; traditional Chinese: 樂山大佛; pinyin: Lèshān Dàfó) was built during the Tang Dynasty (618–907AD). It is carved out of a cliff face that lies at the confluence of the Minjiang, Dadu and Qingyi rivers in the southern part of Sichuan province in China, near the city of Leshan. The stone sculpture faces Mount Emei, with the rivers flowing below his feet. It is the largest carved stone Buddha in the world[1] and it is by far the tallest pre-modern statue in the world.
The Mount Emei Scenic Area, including Leshan Giant Buddha Scenic Area has been listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1996. It was not damaged by the 2008 Sichuan earthquake.[2]
©SunDeep™©® Bhardwaj Kullu sundepkullu.com phototube.co himachalculturalvillage.com
SDBWP™©® SunDeep™ Bhardwaj World Photography™©®,
70+Countries 300+Destinations across 7 Continents™©®
"The World is my Studio"™©®
"I live with one vision to create things that would outlast me. I discovered photography as a means for me to connect with my innerself."
Travel Photographer-Entrepreneur-Business Development Manager-Himachal Cultural Village-Environmentalist
*Friends ***DO COMMENT*** on my flickr Photostream. Thanks for your valuable feedback, comments, likes, favourites and sharing my work within my website and flickr URL's.Your comments are like a fuel to my passion of this Art of Photography ( *I have made a group for the same on flickr & facebook too as listed below)
( *I have made a group for the same on flickr & facebook too as listed below)
Do join these groups no matter you are photo admirer amatuer serious or professional photographer and even compete for Monthly Amwards & Titles-
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***Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License
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I travelled to most exotic places on this earth in last 9 years since 2003. I was exploring India from east to west and north to south till mid 2007. Then i started my World tour to 6 continents in May 2007 & entering 2012, my World tour is still on & i am exploring more and more exotic places around all major countries. I believe "World is just amazing" and every place & face has a unique story to tell. I connect to my subjects as to my soul.
Do not forget to subscribe or login from toolbar at the base of any page on my official website sundeepkullu.com ™©® ( Includes connect with my facebook profile/facebook page/facebook group/facebook Like/twitter/twitter follow/Google Plus/Google Buzz/Google +1/LinkedIn/You Tube/Twitter/Facebook subscribe and not to forget TRANSLATE button to translate al tet to al major languages for subscribers followers & fans from all parts of the World.
Cheers!!!
These are reduced sized pictures.Orignal pictures shot in 5,616 × 3,744 (21.1 megapixels) using Canon EOS 5D Mark II FULL FRAME DSLR CAMERA or 3872 x 2592 (10.2 million effective pixels) using NIKON D60 DSLR or 4,288 × 2,848 (12.3 effective megapixels) USING NIKON D90 DSLR's.For full size images contact me.
Contacts:-
Primary :
wittysam@gmail.com ( E-mail/Skype/Whatsapp/Google+/LinkedIn/Fring/Yoono/Twitter/Gmail/Instagram/http://sundeepkullu.com & Photography & Videography and Quote for Assignments related)
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SunDeep™©® Bhardwaj Kullu
MBA-Sales & Mktg.(Symbiosis,Pune)
B.Pub.Admn.(H.P.University,Summer Hills, Shimla)
BHM (GCC-Bangalore)
***Publishing Photostories clicked in the most exotic places on earth in 15 countries that I visited in last 6 months. For all stories of 70+ Countries go to my oficial website sundeepkullu.com ™©®
My latest 15 explored destinations in my 6th year of World tour so far to 70+Countries & 300+Destinations across 6 Continents and 9 th year of Travel Photography & Videography of Places People Culture Landscapes.Recently explored these exotic places in CHINA Mout.Emai-Leshan-Chengdu-Chongquing , JAPAN Horyuji Temple 1300 years old Japan's most sacred place & UNESCO site UAE-Al Ain-Abu Dhabi-Dubai-Burj Al Arab-Al Khaleefa Tallest building in the World, SWEDEN-Stocholm-National Parks, AUSTRALIA-Melbourne-Great Ocean Road-Twelve Apostles this week. BELGIUM Brussels, DENMARK-Copenhagen, VIETNAM Hanoi-Halong Bay MALAYSIA-Kuala Lumpur-Kanting Falls-Batu Caves-Petronas Twin Towers , CANADA-Quebec-Ontario-Montreal, ATLANTIC-GREENLAND-LABRADOR PENINSULA-Lebrador Sea, SOUTH AFRICA Johnnesburg-The Cradle of Mankind-Stolkfontien Caves and Lion & Rino Park with others INDIA-Kashmir-Gulmarg-Srinagar CHINA-Shanghai-Zhejiang-Hangzhou-The West Lake GERMANY-BAVERIA-Black Forest-Oberbayern-Garmich Patenkirchen-Eibsee Lake-Zugspitze HIMACHAL-Kullu-Manali-Shimla-Lahaul-Spiti -Dharamshala-Kinnaur-Udaipur-Leh-Laddakh UK-SCOTLAND Glencoe-Fort William-Castle around Scotland-Lochness INDIA Jog Falls Ooty Goa Athirappily & Vazhachal Falls Kerala UK-ENGLAND-London-Manchester-Glasgow & others ITALY-Rome-Vatican City and Other UNESCO Heritage Sites around Rome. Soon my first book on 111 MIRACULOUS WONDERS OF WORLD YOU MUST SEE WHEN U ALIVE will be out with "111 WOW" i Phone application by the end of this year. Updating my official website sundeepkullu.com
KINDLY NOTE***The Stock samples of SDBWP SunDeep Bhardwaj World Photography in flickr Photostream cannot be Copied,Distributed,Published or Used in any form,full or in part,or in any kind of media without prior permission from Sundeep Bhardwaj the owner of these images.Utilization in other websites,intenet media,pages,blogs etc without written consent is PROHIBITED.
The images are also available for licence through GETTY IMAGES or directly by contacting me.
Add me as a friend on my facebook profile 2 as my facebook profile 1 is allmost full with 4000 plus friends here - www.facebook.com/sundeephimachal
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The Sichuan Giant Panda Sanctuaries consist of seven nature reserves and nine scenic parks.
Seven Nature Reserves
Wolong Nature Reserve (Chinese: 卧龙自然保护区)
Fengtongzhai Nature Reserve (Chinese: 蜂桶寨自然保护区)
Mt. Siguniang Nature Reserve (Chinese: 四姑娘山自然保护区)
Laba River Nature Reserve (Chinese: 喇叭河自然保护区)
Heishui River Nature Reserve (Chinese: 黑水河自然保护区)
Jintang-Kongyu Nature Reserve (Chinese: 金汤—孔玉自然保护区)
Caopo Nature Reserve (Chinese: 草坡自然保护区)
Nine Scenic Parks
Mt. Qingcheng-Dujiangyan Scenic Park (Chinese: 青城山—都江堰风景名胜区)
Mt. Tiantai Scenic Park (Chinese: 天台山风景名胜区)
Mt. Siguniang Scenic Park (Chinese: 四姑娘山风景名胜区)
Xiling Snow Mountain Scenic Park (Chinese: 西岭雪山风景名胜区)
Mt. Jiguan-Jiulonggou Scenic Park (Chinese: 鸡冠山—九龙沟风景名胜区)
Mt. Jiajin Scenic Park (Chinese: 夹金山风景名胜区)
Miyaluo Scenic Park (Chinese: 米亚罗风景名胜区)
Mt. Lingzhen-Mt. Daxue Scenic Park (Chinese: 灵鹫山—大雪峰风景名胜区)
Mt. Erlang Scenic Park (Chinese: 二郎山风景名胜区)
As the bodhimaṇḍa of Samantabhadra
Mount Emei is one of the Four Sacred Buddhist Mountains of China, and is traditionally regarded as the bodhimaṇḍa, or place of enlightenment, of the bodhisattva Samantabhadra. Samantabhadra is known in Mandarin as Pǔxián Púsà (普賢菩薩).
16th and 17th century sources allude to the practice of martial arts in the monasteries of Mount Emei[4] made the earliest extant reference to the Shaolin Monastery as Chinese boxing's place of origin.[5]
[edit]Buddhist architecture on Emei
This is the location of the first Buddhist temple built in China in the 1st century CE.[3] The site has seventy-six Buddhist monasteries of the Ming and Qing period, most of them located near the mountain top. The monasteries demonstrate a flexible architectural style that adapts to the landscape. Some, such as the halls of Baoguosi, are built on terraces of varying levels, while others, including the structures of Leiyinsi, are on raised stilts. Here the fixed plans of Buddhist monasteries of earlier periods were modified or ignored in order to make full use of the natural scenery. The buildings of Qingyinge are laid out in an irregular plot on the narrow piece of land between the Black Dragon River and the White Dragon River. The site is large and the winding foot path is 50 km, taking several days to walk.[6]
Cable cars ease the ascent to the two temples at Jinding (3,077 m), an hour's hike from the mountain's peak.[2][7]
[edit]Sunrise and clouds sea
Great spectacles of Mount Emei include the sunrise and Clouds Sea seen from the Golden Summit of the mountain.
The sunrise is very varied, but optimally begins with the ground and sky being in the same dark purple, soon showing rosy clouds, followed by a bright purple arc and then a semicircle where the sun is coming up.[8]
The Clouds Sea includes several cloud phenomena, e.g. clouds appearing in the sky above, in addition to the regular clouds beneath.[8]
[edit]Climate
The summit of Mount Emei has an alpine subarctic climate (Köppen Dwc), with long, cold (but not severely so) winters, and short, cool summers. The monthly daily average temperature ranges from −5.7 °C (21.7 °F) in January to 11.6 °C (52.9 °F), and an annual mean of 3.07 °C (37.5 °F). Precipitation is common year-round, but due to the influence of the monsoon, rainfall is especially heavy in summer, and more than 70% of the annual total occurs from June to September.
Head of the statue
Construction was started in 713, led by a Chinese monk named Haitong. He hoped that the Buddha would calm the turbulent waters that plagued the shipping vessels traveling down the river. When funding for the project was threatened, he is said to have gouged out his own eyes to show his piety and sincerity. After his death, however, the construction was stuck due to insufficient funding. About 70 years later, a jiedushi decided to sponsor the project and the construction was completed by Haitong's disciples in 803.
Apparently the massive construction resulted in so much stone being removed from the cliff face and deposited into the river below that the currents were indeed altered by the statue, making the waters safe for passing ships.
[edit]Degradation
The Leshan Buddha has been affected by the pollution emanating from the unbridled development in the region. According to Xinhua news agency, the Leshan Giant Buddha and many Chinese natural and cultural heritage sites in the region have seen degradations from weathering, air pollution, and swarms of tourists. The government has promised to restore the site to its former condition.[3]
[edit]Dimensions
At 71 metres (233 feet) tall, the statue depicts a seated Maitreya Buddha with his hands resting on his knees. His shoulders are 28 metres wide and his smallest toenail is large enough to easily accommodate a seated person. There is a local saying: "The mountain is a Buddha and the Buddha is a mountain". This is partially because the mountain range in which the Leshan Giant Buddha is located is thought to be shaped like a slumbering Buddha when seen from the river, with the Leshan Giant Buddha as its heart.
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Mount Emei
"Omei Shan" redirects here. For the bird, see Grey-faced Liocichla.
"峨眉山" redirects here. For the county-level city, see Emeishan City.
Mount Emei Scenic Area, including Leshan Giant Buddha Scenic Area *
UNESCO World Heritage Site
CountryPeople's Republic of China
TypeCultural and Natural (Mixed)
Criteriaiv, vi, x
Reference779
Region **Asia-Pacific
Inscription history
Inscription1996 (20th Session)
* Name as inscribed on World Heritage List
** Region as classified by UNESCO
Mount Emei
Emei Shan
Mount Emei
Emeishan City, Sichuan
Elevation3,099 m (10,167 ft)
Location
Coordinates29°31′11″N 103°19′57″ECoordinates: 29°31′11″N 103°19′57″E
Part of the series on
Chinese martial arts
List of Chinese martial arts
Terms
Kung fu (功夫)
Wushu (武術)
Qigong (氣功)
Historical places
Shaolin Monastery (少林寺)
Wudang Mountains (武當山)
Mount Hua (華山)
Mount Emei (峨嵋山)
Kunlun Mountains (崑崙山)
Historical people
Yim Wing-chun (嚴詠春)
Hung Hei-gun (洪熙官)
Fong Sai-yuk (方世玉)
Dong Haichuan (董海川)
Yang Lu-ch'an (楊露禪)
Wu Quanyou (吳全佑)
Ten Tigers of Canton (廣東十虎)
Chen Fake (陳發科)
Chan Heung (陳享)
Wong Fei-hung (黃飛鴻)
Sun Lu-t'ang (孫祿堂)
Huo Yuanjia (霍元甲)
Yip Man (葉問)
Wang Zi-Ping (王子平)
Famous modern actors
Bruce Lee (李小龍)
Jackie Chan (成龍)
Sammo Hung (洪金寶)
Yuen Biao (元彪)
Jet Li (李連杰)
Donnie Yen (甄子丹)
Legendary figures
Bodhidharma (菩提達摩)
Zhang Sanfeng (張三丰)
Eight immortals (八仙)
Five Elders (五祖)
Related
Hong Kong action cinema
Wushu (sport)
Wuxia (武俠)
This box: view talk edit
Mount Emei (Chinese: 峨嵋山; pinyin: Éméi Shān; Wade–Giles: O2-mei2 Shan1, pronounced [ɤ̌měɪ̯ ʂán]) is a mountain in Sichuan province, China. Mount Emei is often written as 峨眉山 and occasionally 峩嵋山 or 峩眉山 but all three are translated as Mount Emei or Mount Emeishan: the word 峨 can mean "high" or "lofty", but the mountain's name is merely a toponym that carries no additional meaning.
Orographically, Mt. Emei sits at the western rim of the Sichuan Basin. The mountains west of it are known as Daxiangling.[1] A large surrounding area of countryside is geologically known as the Permian Emeishan Large Igneous Province, a large igneous province generated by the Emeishan Traps volcanic eruptions during the Permian Period. At 3,099 metres (10,167 ft), Mt. Emei is the highest of the Four Sacred Buddhist Mountains of China.[2]
Administratively, Mt. Emei (Emeishan) is located near the county-level city of the same name (Emeishan City), which is part of the prefecture-level city of Leshan.
Mt. Emei was made a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1996.[3]
Leshan Giant Buddha
Mount Emei Scenic Area, including Leshan Giant Buddha Scenic Area *
UNESCO World Heritage Site
CountryPeople's Republic of China
TypeMixed
Criteriaiv, vi, x
Reference779
Region **Asia-Pacific
Inscription history
Inscription1996 (20th Session)
* Name as inscribed on World Heritage List
** Region as classified by UNESCO
The Leshan Giant Buddha (simplified Chinese: 乐山大佛; traditional Chinese: 樂山大佛; pinyin: Lèshān Dàfó) was built during the Tang Dynasty (618–907AD). It is carved out of a cliff face that lies at the confluence of the Minjiang, Dadu and Qingyi rivers in the southern part of Sichuan province in China, near the city of Leshan. The stone sculpture faces Mount Emei, with the rivers flowing below his feet. It is the largest carved stone Buddha in the world[1] and it is by far the tallest pre-modern statue in the world.
The Mount Emei Scenic Area, including Leshan Giant Buddha Scenic Area has been listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1996. It was not damaged by the 2008 Sichuan earthquake.[2]
©SunDeep™©® Bhardwaj Kullu sundepkullu.com phototube.co himachalculturalvillage.com
SDBWP™©® SunDeep™ Bhardwaj World Photography™©®,
70+Countries 300+Destinations across 7 Continents™©®
"The World is my Studio"™©®
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sundeepkullu.com ™©® - Founder & CEO
I travelled to most exotic places on this earth in last 9 years since 2003. I was exploring India from east to west and north to south till mid 2007. Then i started my World tour to 6 continents in May 2007 & entering 2012, my World tour is still on & i am exploring more and more exotic places around all major countries. I believe "World is just amazing" and every place & face has a unique story to tell. I connect to my subjects as to my soul.
Do not forget to subscribe or login from toolbar at the base of any page on my official website sundeepkullu.com ™©® ( Includes connect with my facebook profile/facebook page/facebook group/facebook Like/twitter/twitter follow/Google Plus/Google Buzz/Google +1/LinkedIn/You Tube/Twitter/Facebook subscribe and not to forget TRANSLATE button to translate al tet to al major languages for subscribers followers & fans from all parts of the World.
Cheers!!!
These are reduced sized pictures.Orignal pictures shot in 5,616 × 3,744 (21.1 megapixels) using Canon EOS 5D Mark II FULL FRAME DSLR CAMERA or 3872 x 2592 (10.2 million effective pixels) using NIKON D60 DSLR or 4,288 × 2,848 (12.3 effective megapixels) USING NIKON D90 DSLR's.For full size images contact me.
Contacts:-
Primary :
wittysam@gmail.com ( E-mail/Skype/Whatsapp/Google+/LinkedIn/Fring/Yoono/Twitter/Gmail/Instagram/http://sundeepkullu.com & Photography & Videography and Quote for Assignments related)
World Roaming +974 55344547 (Facebook Mobile/Viber/Facetime/WhatsApp)
India New Delhi & Himachal Roaming +91 8527745789 (Google Plus)
sb@sundeepkullu.com ( Facebook & Personal Mail )
Secondary :
eurekasun@yahoo.com ( Flickr & Yahoo Messenger )
admin@phototube.co ( phototube.co related )
enquiries@himachalculturalvillage.com ( himachalculturalvillage.com related )
SunDeep™©® Bhardwaj Kullu
MBA-Sales & Mktg.(Symbiosis,Pune)
B.Pub.Admn.(H.P.University,Summer Hills, Shimla)
BHM (GCC-Bangalore)
***Publishing Photostories clicked in the most exotic places on earth in 15 countries that I visited in last 6 months. For all stories of 70+ Countries go to my oficial website sundeepkullu.com ™©®
My latest 15 explored destinations in my 6th year of World tour so far to 70+Countries & 300+Destinations across 6 Continents and 9 th year of Travel Photography & Videography of Places People Culture Landscapes.Recently explored these exotic places in CHINA Mout.Emai-Leshan-Chengdu-Chongquing , JAPAN Horyuji Temple 1300 years old Japan's most sacred place & UNESCO site UAE-Al Ain-Abu Dhabi-Dubai-Burj Al Arab-Al Khaleefa Tallest building in the World, SWEDEN-Stocholm-National Parks, AUSTRALIA-Melbourne-Great Ocean Road-Twelve Apostles this week. BELGIUM Brussels, DENMARK-Copenhagen, VIETNAM Hanoi-Halong Bay MALAYSIA-Kuala Lumpur-Kanting Falls-Batu Caves-Petronas Twin Towers , CANADA-Quebec-Ontario-Montreal, ATLANTIC-GREENLAND-LABRADOR PENINSULA-Lebrador Sea, SOUTH AFRICA Johnnesburg-The Cradle of Mankind-Stolkfontien Caves and Lion & Rino Park with others INDIA-Kashmir-Gulmarg-Srinagar CHINA-Shanghai-Zhejiang-Hangzhou-The West Lake GERMANY-BAVERIA-Black Forest-Oberbayern-Garmich Patenkirchen-Eibsee Lake-Zugspitze HIMACHAL-Kullu-Manali-Shimla-Lahaul-Spiti -Dharamshala-Kinnaur-Udaipur-Leh-Laddakh UK-SCOTLAND Glencoe-Fort William-Castle around Scotland-Lochness INDIA Jog Falls Ooty Goa Athirappily & Vazhachal Falls Kerala UK-ENGLAND-London-Manchester-Glasgow & others ITALY-Rome-Vatican City and Other UNESCO Heritage Sites around Rome. Soon my first book on 111 MIRACULOUS WONDERS OF WORLD YOU MUST SEE WHEN U ALIVE will be out with "111 WOW" i Phone application by the end of this year. Updating my official website sundeepkullu.com
KINDLY NOTE***The Stock samples of SDBWP SunDeep Bhardwaj World Photography in flickr Photostream cannot be Copied,Distributed,Published or Used in any form,full or in part,or in any kind of media without prior permission from Sundeep Bhardwaj the owner of these images.Utilization in other websites,intenet media,pages,blogs etc without written consent is PROHIBITED.
The images are also available for licence through GETTY IMAGES or directly by contacting me.
Add me as a friend on my facebook profile 2 as my facebook profile 1 is allmost full with 4000 plus friends here - www.facebook.com/sundeephimachal
Slide Shows | Full Screen Mode | Adobe Flash or Mobile
www.flickr.com/photos/wittysam/sets/72157624062762956/
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As the bodhimaṇḍa of Samantabhadra
Mount Emei is one of the Four Sacred Buddhist Mountains of China, and is traditionally regarded as the bodhimaṇḍa, or place of enlightenment, of the bodhisattva Samantabhadra. Samantabhadra is known in Mandarin as Pǔxián Púsà (普賢菩薩).
16th and 17th century sources allude to the practice of martial arts in the monasteries of Mount Emei[4] made the earliest extant reference to the Shaolin Monastery as Chinese boxing's place of origin.[5]
[edit]Buddhist architecture on Emei
This is the location of the first Buddhist temple built in China in the 1st century CE.[3] The site has seventy-six Buddhist monasteries of the Ming and Qing period, most of them located near the mountain top. The monasteries demonstrate a flexible architectural style that adapts to the landscape. Some, such as the halls of Baoguosi, are built on terraces of varying levels, while others, including the structures of Leiyinsi, are on raised stilts. Here the fixed plans of Buddhist monasteries of earlier periods were modified or ignored in order to make full use of the natural scenery. The buildings of Qingyinge are laid out in an irregular plot on the narrow piece of land between the Black Dragon River and the White Dragon River. The site is large and the winding foot path is 50 km, taking several days to walk.[6]
Cable cars ease the ascent to the two temples at Jinding (3,077 m), an hour's hike from the mountain's peak.[2][7]
[edit]Sunrise and clouds sea
Great spectacles of Mount Emei include the sunrise and Clouds Sea seen from the Golden Summit of the mountain.
The sunrise is very varied, but optimally begins with the ground and sky being in the same dark purple, soon showing rosy clouds, followed by a bright purple arc and then a semicircle where the sun is coming up.[8]
The Clouds Sea includes several cloud phenomena, e.g. clouds appearing in the sky above, in addition to the regular clouds beneath.[8]
[edit]Climate
The summit of Mount Emei has an alpine subarctic climate (Köppen Dwc), with long, cold (but not severely so) winters, and short, cool summers. The monthly daily average temperature ranges from −5.7 °C (21.7 °F) in January to 11.6 °C (52.9 °F), and an annual mean of 3.07 °C (37.5 °F). Precipitation is common year-round, but due to the influence of the monsoon, rainfall is especially heavy in summer, and more than 70% of the annual total occurs from June to September.
Head of the statue
Construction was started in 713, led by a Chinese monk named Haitong. He hoped that the Buddha would calm the turbulent waters that plagued the shipping vessels traveling down the river. When funding for the project was threatened, he is said to have gouged out his own eyes to show his piety and sincerity. After his death, however, the construction was stuck due to insufficient funding. About 70 years later, a jiedushi decided to sponsor the project and the construction was completed by Haitong's disciples in 803.
Apparently the massive construction resulted in so much stone being removed from the cliff face and deposited into the river below that the currents were indeed altered by the statue, making the waters safe for passing ships.
[edit]Degradation
The Leshan Buddha has been affected by the pollution emanating from the unbridled development in the region. According to Xinhua news agency, the Leshan Giant Buddha and many Chinese natural and cultural heritage sites in the region have seen degradations from weathering, air pollution, and swarms of tourists. The government has promised to restore the site to its former condition.[3]
[edit]Dimensions
At 71 metres (233 feet) tall, the statue depicts a seated Maitreya Buddha with his hands resting on his knees. His shoulders are 28 metres wide and his smallest toenail is large enough to easily accommodate a seated person. There is a local saying: "The mountain is a Buddha and the Buddha is a mountain". This is partially because the mountain range in which the Leshan Giant Buddha is located is thought to be shaped like a slumbering Buddha when seen from the river, with the Leshan Giant Buddha as its heart.
The Yamuna (Hindustani: /jəmʊnaː/), sometimes called the Jamuna or Jumna (Hindustani: /d͡ʒəm(ʊ)na:/), is the longest and the second largest tributary river of the Ganges (Ganga) in northern India. Originating from the Yamunotri Glacier at a height of 6,387 metres on the south western slopes of Banderpooch peaks in the uppermost region of the Lower Himalayas in Uttarakhand, it travels a total length of 1,376 kilometres and has a drainage system of 366,223 square kilometres, 40.2% of the entire Ganges Basin, before merging with the Ganges at Triveni Sangam, Allahabad, the site for the Kumbha Mela every twelve years. It is the longest river in India which does not directly flow to the sea.
It crosses several states, Uttarakhand, Himachal Pradesh Haryana and Uttar Pradesh, passing by Uttarakhand and later Delhi, and meets its tributaries on the way, including Tons, its largest tributary in Uttarakhand, Chambal, its longest tributary which has its own large basin, followed by Sindh, the Betwa, and Ken. Most importantly it creates the highly fertile alluvial, Yamuna-Ganges Doab region between itself and the Ganges in the Indo-Gangetic plain. Nearly 57 million people depend on the Yamuna waters. With an annual flow of about 10,000 cubic billion metres (cbm) and usage of 4,400 cbm (of which irrigation constitutes 96 per cent), the river accounts for more than 70 per cent of Delhi’s water supplies. Just like the Ganges, the Yamuna too is highly venerated in Hinduism and worshipped as goddess Yamuna, throughout its course. In Hindu mythology, she is the daughter of Sun God, Surya, and sister of Yama, the God of Death, hence also known as Yami and according to popular legends, bathing in its sacred waters frees one from the torments of death.
The water of Yamuna is of "reasonably good quality" through its length from Yamunotri in the Himalayas to Wazirabad in Delhi, about 375 kilometres, where the discharge of waste water through 15 drains between Wazirabad barrage and Okhla barrage renders the river severely polluted after Wazirabad. One official describes the river as a "sewage drain" with biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) values ranging from 14 to 28 mg/l and high coliform content. There are three main sources of pollution in the river, namely households and municipal disposal sites, soil erosion resulting from deforestation occurring to make way for agriculture along with resulting chemical wash-off from fertilizers, herbicides, and pesticides and run-off from commercial activity and industrial sites.
SOURCE
The source of Yamuna lies in the Yamunotri Glacier at an elevation of 6,387 metres, on the south western slopes of Banderpooch peaks, which lie in the Mussoorie range of Lower Himalayas, in the Uttarkashi district, Uttarakhand, north of Haridwar. Yamunotri temple, a shrine dedicated to the goddess, Yamuna is one of the holiest shrines in Hinduism, and part of the Chota Char Dham Yatra circuit. Also standing close to the temple, on its 13-kilometre trek route, that follows the right bank of the river, lies the Markendeya Tirtha, where the sage Markandeya wrote the Markandeya Purana.
From here it flows southwards, for about 200 kilometres through the Lower Himalayas and the Shivalik Hills Range and morainic deposited are found in its steep Upper Yamuna village, highlighted with geomorphic features such as interlocking spurs, steep rock benches, gorges and stream terraces. Large terraces formed over a long period of time can be seen in the lower course of the river, like ones near Naugoan. An important part of its early catchment area totalling 2,320 square kilometres lies in Himachal Pradesh, and an important tributary draining the Upper Catchment Area is the Tons, Yamuna's largest tributary, which rises from the Hari-ki-dun valley and holds water more than the main stream, which it merges after Kalsi near Dehradun. The entire drainage system of the river stretches all the way between Giri-Sutlej catchment in Himachal and Yamuna-Bhilangna catchment in Garhwal, indeed the southern ridge of Shimla is also drained into this system. Kalanag (6,387 metres) is the highest point of the entire Yamuna basin.
Other tributaries in the region are the Giri, Rishi Ganga, Kunta, Hanuman Ganga and Bata tributaries, which drain the Upper Catchment Area of the vast Yamuna basin. Thereafter the river descends on to the plains of Doon Valley, at Dak Pathar near Dehradun. Here through the Dakpathar Barrage, the water is diverted into a canal for power generation, little further down where Yamuna is met by the Assan River, lies the Asan Barrage, which hosts a Bird Sanctuary as well. After passing the Sikh pilgrimage town of Paonta Sahib, it reaches Tajewala in Yamuna Nagar district (named after the river itself), of Haryana, where a dam built in 1873, is the originating place of two important canals, the Western Yamuna Canal and Eastern Yamuna Canal, which irrigate the states of Haryana and Uttar Pradesh. The Western Yamuna Canal (WYC) crosses Yamuna Nagar, Karnal and Panipat before reaching the Haiderpur treatment plant, which supplies part of municipal water supply to Delhi, further it also receives waste water from Yamuna Nagar and Panipat cities. Yamuna is replenished again after this by seasonal streams and groundwater accrual, in fact during the dry season, it remains dry in many stretches from Tajewala till Delhi, where it enters near Palla village after traversing 224 kilometres.
The Yamuna also creates natural state borders between the Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand states, and further down between the state of Haryana, Delhi and Uttar Pradesh. Along with the Ganges to which run almost parallel after it touches the Indo-Gangetic plain, the largest alluvial fertile plain in the world, it creates the Ganges-Yamuna Doab region spread across 69,000 square kilometres, one-third of the entire plain, and today known for its agricultural outputs, prominent among them is the cultivation of Basmati Rice. The plain itself supports one-third of India's population through its farming.
Subsequently, it flows through the states of Delhi, Haryana and Uttar Pradesh before merging with the Ganges at a sacred spot known as Triveni Sangam in Allahabad after traversing a distance of 1,376 kilometres. Here pilgrims travel by boats to platforms erected mid stream to offer prayers. During the Kumbh Mela, held every 12 years, the ghats around the Sangam are venue of large congregation of people, who take dip in the sacred waters of the confluence. The cities of Baghpat, Delhi, Noida, Mathura, Agra, Firozabad, Etawah, Kalpi, Hamirpur, Allahabad lie on its banks. At Etawah, it meets it another important tributary, Chambal, followed by a host of tributaries further down, including, Sindh, the Betwa, and Ken.
IMPORTANT TRIBUTARIES
Tons River, Yamuna's largest tributary, rises in the 6,315 m high Bandarpoonch mountain, and has a large basin in Himachal Pradesh. It meets Yamuna below Kalsi near Dehradun, Uttarakhand.
Hindon River, originates in the Saharanpur District, from Upper Shivalik in Lower Himalayan Range, is entirely rainfed and has a catchment area of 7,083 square kilometres, traverses 400 kilometres through Muzaffarnagar District, Meerut District, Baghpat District, Ghaziabad, Noida, Greater Noida, before joining Yamuna just outside Delhi.
Ken River, flows through Bundelkhand region of Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh, it originates near village Ahirgawan in Jabalpur district and travels a distance of 427 kilometres, before merging with the Yamuna at Chilla village, near Fatehpur in Uttar Pradesh, and has an overall drainage basin of 28,058 square kilometres.
Chambal River, known as Charmanvati in ancient times, is Yamuna's longest tributary flows through Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh, with a drainage basin of 143,219 square kilometres and traverses a total distance of 960 kilometres, from its source in Vindhya Range, near Mhow and supports hydro-power generation at Gandhi Sagar dam, Rana Pratap Sagar dam and Jawahar Sagar dam, before merging into the Yamuna south east of Sohan Goan, in Etawah district, shortly thereafter followed by another tributary, the Sindh River.
Sasur Khaderi River, known as Sasur Khaderi is a tributary in Fatehpur district.
HISTORY
The name Yamuna seems to be derived from the Sanskrit word "yama", meaning 'twin', and it may have been applied to the river because it runs parallel to the Ganges. The Yamuna is mentioned at many places in the Rig Veda, which was composed during the Vedic period between ca. 1700–1100 BC, and also in the later Atharvaveda, and the Brahmanas including Aitareya Brahmana and Shatapatha Brahmana. In Rig Veda, the story of the Yamuna describes her "excessive love" for her twin, Yama, who in turn asks her to find a suitable match for herself, which she does in Krishna. It is also said that lord shiva was the main reason for the colour of the Yamuna river. After the death of Sati Devi, lord shiva couldn't tolerate the sadness around him and used to roam here and there. And At last when he went to Yamuna river, it became so black as it absorbed all his sorrow.
The tale is further detailed in the 16th century Sanskrit hymn, Yamunashtakam, an ode by the philosopher Vallabhacharya. Here the story of her descent to meet her beloved Krishna and to purify the world has been put into verse. The hymn also praises her for being the source of all spiritual abilities. And while the Ganges is considered an epitome of asceticism and higher knowledge and can grant us Moksha or liberation, it is Yamuna, who, being a holder of infinite love and compassion, can grant us freedom, even from death, the realm of her elder brother. She rushes down the Kalinda Mountain, and verily describes her as the daughter of Kalinda, giving her another name, Kalindi, the backdrop of Krishna Leela. The text also talks about her water being of the colour of Lord Krishna, which is dark (Shyam). The river is referred as Asita in some historical texts.
It is mentioned as Iomanes (Ioames) in the surveys of Seleucus I Nicator, an officer of Alexander the Great and one of the Diadochi, who visited India in 305 BC, later Megasthenes, a Greek traveller and geographer, visited India, sometimes before 288 BC, the date of Chandragupta's death, also mention the river in his text Indica, where he described the region around it as the land of Surasena. In Mahabharata, Indraprastha, the capital of Pandavas was also situated on the banks of Yamuna, it is considered to the modern day city of Delhi.
Geological evidence indicates that in the distant past the Yamuna was a tributary of the Ghaggar River (also known as the Vedic Sarasvati River), but that it later changed its course eastward due to a tectonic event, becoming a tributary of the Ganges. This may have led to the Sarasvati River drying up, the end of many Harappan civilisation settlements, and creation of the Thar desert. However, recent geological research suggests that the diversion of the Yamuna to the Ganges may have occurred during the Pleistocene, and thus could not be connected to the decline of the Harappan civilisation in the region.
The importance of the Ganges–Yamuna river basin, and the Doab region as traditional the seat of power, can be derived from the fact, in much of early history of India, most of great empires, which ruled over majority of India, until the Chalukyas King, Vinayaditya, were based in the highly fertile Ganges–Yamuna basin, including the Magadha (ca 600 BC), Maurya Empire (321–185 BC), Shunga Empire (185–73 BCE), Kushan Empire (1st–3rd centuries CE), Gupta Empire (280–550 CE), and many had their capitals here, in cities like Pataliputra or Mathura. These rivers were revered throughout these kingdoms that flourished on their banks, in fact ever since the period of Chandragupta II (r. 375–415 CE), statues both the Ganges and Yamuna became common throughout the Gupta Empire. Further to the South, images of the Ganges and Yamuna are found amidst shrines of the Chalukyas, Rashtrakutas (753–982), as well as on their royal seals, and prior to them, the Chola Empire too added the river into their architectural motifs. The Three River Goddess shrine, next of famous Kailash rock-cut Temple at Ellora, built by Rashtrakuta King, Govinda III, shows the Ganges flanked by the Yamuna and Saraswati.
RELIGIOUS SIGNIFICANCE
The goddess of the river, also known as Yami, is the sister of Yama, god of death, and the daughter of Surya, the Sun god, and his wife Saranyu. Yamuna, referred to respectfully as Yamunaji, holds a very important position in Pushti Marga, a sect of Hinduism based on the ShuddhAdvaita, in which Shri Krishna is the main deity, propagated by VallabhAcharya / MahaPrabhuji, and having a large following in India.
The river Yamuna is also connected to the religious beliefs surrounding Krishna and various stories connected with Him are found in Hindu religious texts, especially the Puranas, like that of Kaliya Daman, the subduing of Kaliya, a poisonous Nāga snake, which had inhabited the river and terrorised the people of Braja. Yamuna, according to the legends, is closely related to Lord Krishna and Mahabharata. Krishna was taken across the Yamuna on the night of his birth. Kansa, Krishna's maternal uncle planned to kill all his nephews, as his eighth nephew was predicted to be his Kāla. When Vasudeva, carrying Krishna in a basket, reaches the river Yamuna, on the extremely turbulent, rainy night of Krishna's birth, Yamuna is said to have parted to make way for Vasudeva.
Krishna and the Gopis also used to play on the banks of the Yamunaji as children.
MANAGEMENT
The stretch of the river from its origin to Okhla in Delhi is called “Upper Yamuna”. A Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) was signed amongst the five basin states, namely Himachal Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Haryana, Rajasthan and Delhi, on 12 May 1994 for sharing of the water of Upper Yamuna. This led to the formation of Upper Yamuna River Board under Ministry of Water Resources, whose primary functions are regulation of the allocation of available flows amongst the beneficiary states and also for monitoring the return flows; monitoring conserving and upgrading the quality of surface and ground water; maintaining hydro-meteorological data for the basin; over viewing plans for watershed management; monitoring and reviewing the progress of all projects up to and including Okhla barrage.
Flood forecasting systems are established at Poanta Sahib, where Tons, Pawar and Giri tributaries meet, followed by Tajewala, Kalanaur, Haryana and Mawai before Delhi, the river take 60 hours to travel from Tajewala to Delhi, thus allowing a two-day advance flood warning period. The Central Water Commission started flood-forecasting services in 1958 with the setting up of its first forecasting station on Yamuna at Delhi Railway Bridge, India.
IRRIGATION
The importance of Yamuna in the Indo-Gangetic Plains is enhanced by its many canals, some dating back to as early as 14th century CE by the Tughlaq dynasty, which built the Nahr-i-Bahisht (Paradise), parallel to the river. The Nahr-i-Bahisht was later restored and extended by the Mughals in the first half of the 17th century, by engineer Ali Mardan Khan, starting from Benawas where the river enters the plains and terminating near the Mughal capital, Shahjahanabad, the present city of Delhi.
As the Yamuna enters the Northern plains near Dakpathar at an elevation of 790 metres, the Eastern Yamuna Canal commences at the Dakpathar Barrage and pauses at the Asan and Hathnikund Barrages before continuing south. The Hathnikund was built in 1999 and replaced the downstream Tajewala Barrage which had been completed in 1873.
WESTERN YAMUNA CANAL
Built in 1335 CE by Firuz Shah Tughlaq, excessive silting caused it to stop flowing in 1750 CE, British raj undertook a three-year renovation in 1817 by Bengal Engineer Group, in 1832-33 Tajewala Barrage dam at Yaumna was built to regulate the flow of water, in 1875-76 Pathrala barrage at Dadupur and Somb river dam downstream of canal were built, in 1889-95 the largest branch of the canal Sirsa branch was constructed, the modern Hathni Kund Barrage was built in 1999 to handle the problem of silting to replace the older Tajewala Barrage.
The Western Yamuna Canal begins at the Hathnikund Barrage about 38 kilometres from Dakpathar and south of Doon Valley. The canals irrigate vast tracts of land in the region in Ambala district, Karnal district, Sonepat district, Rohtak district, Jind district, Hisar district and Bhiwani district.
Once its passes Delhi, the river feeds the Agra Canal built in 1874, which starts from Okhla barrage beyond the Nizamuddin bridge, and the high land between the Khari-Nadi and the Yamuna and before joining the Banganga river about 32 kilometres below Agra. Thus, during the summer season, the stretch above Agra resembles a minor stream.
The 86 km long main canal has the total length of 325 km including its branches such as Sirsa branch, Hansi branch, Butana branch, Sunder branch, Delhi branch, along with hundreds of major and minor irrigation channels which are also breeding grounds for man species of birds.
DELHI BRANCH
The Munak canal, also called Delhi Branch, 22 km canal was built in 1819, and renovated in 2008, originates at Munak village in Gharaunda tehsil of Karnal district is a branch of Western Yaumna Canal to bring 700 cusecs water to Delhi.
SIRSA BRANCH
The Sirsa Branch, originating at Indri, is a sub-branch of Sirsa branch of Western Yaumna Canal which menders through Jind district, Fatehabad district and Sirsa district.
BARWALA BRANCH
The Barwala Branch is a sub-branch of Sirsa branch of Western Yaumna Canal. It meanders through Barwala tehsil of Hisar district.
HANSI BRANCH
The Hansi Branch, built in 1825 and remodelled in 1959, originating at Munak village in Gharaunda tehsil of Karnal district is a branch of Western Yaumna Canal that meanders through Hansi tehsil of Hisar district.
BUTANA BRANCH
The Butana Branch is a sub-branch of Western Yaumna Canal that meanders through Hansi tehsil of Hisar district.
SUNDER BRANCH
The Sunder Branch of Western Yamuna Canal is a sub-branch of Butana branch of Hansi branch and goes to Kanwari and beyond in Hisar (district).
JIND BRANCH
The Jind Branch is a branch of Western Yaumna Canal which menders through Jind district.
ROHTAK BRANCH
The Rohtak Branch is a sub-branch of Jind branch of Western Yaumna Canal and it meanders through Rohtak district.[29][31]
BHIWANI BRANCH
The Bhiwani Branch is a sub-branch of Jind branch of Western Yaumna Canal and it meanders through Bhiwani district and goes to Bidhwan and beyond.
BHALAUT BRANCH
The Bhalaut Branch, originating at Khubru village,[30] is a sub-branch of Delhi branch of Western Yaumna Canal that flows through Jhajjar district.
JHAJJAR BRANCH
The Jhajjar Branch is a sub-branch of Bhalaut branch of Western Yaumna Canal that flows through Jhajjar district.
THE SUTLEJ-YAMUNA LINK
A heavy freight canal, known as the Sutlej-Yamuna Link (SYL), is being built westwards from near the Yamuna's headwaters through the Punjab region near an ancient caravan route and highlands pass to the navigable pars of the Sutlej-Indus watershed. This will connect the entire Ganges, which flows to the east coast of the subcontinent, with points west (via Pakistan). When completed, the SYL will allow shipping from India's east coast to the west coast and the Arabian sea, drastically shortening shiportant commercial links for north-central India's large population. The canal starts near Palla village near Delhi, and is designed to transfer Haryana's share of 4.3 km3 from the Indus Basin.
CONSERVATION ZONE
On 25 April 2014, The National Green Tribunal recommended the Government to declare a 52-kilometre stretch of the Yamuna in Delhi and Uttar Pradesh as a conservation zone. A report has been prepared by the ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF) panel and submitted to the NGA on the same day.
POLLUTION
In 1909 the waters of the Yamuna were distinguishable as "clear blue", as compared to the silt-laden yellow of the Ganges. However, due to high density population growth and rapid industrialisation today Yamuna is one of the most polluted rivers in the world, especially around New Delhi, the capital of India, which dumps about 58% of its waste into the river. A recent study shows that there is 100% urban metabolism of River Yamuna as it passes through the National Capital Territory (NCT) of Delhi.
CAUSES
New Delhi generates 1,900 million litres (500,000,000 US gal) per day (MLD) of sewage. Though many attempts have been made to process it, the efforts have proven futile. Although the government of India has spent nearly $500 million to clean up the river, the Yamuna continues to be polluted with garbage while most sewage treatment facilities are underfunded or malfunctioning. In addition, the water in this river remains stagnant for almost nine months in a year, aggravating the situation. Delhi alone contributes around 3,296 MLD of sewage in the river. The government of India over the next five years has prepared plans to rebuild and repair the sewage system and the drains that empty into the river.
To address river pollution, certain measures of river cleaning have been taken by the Ministry of Environment and Forests in 12 towns of Haryana, eight towns of Uttar Pradesh, and Delhi, under the Yamuna Action Plan (YAP) which has been implemented since 1993 by the National River Conservation Directorate (NRCD) of the Ministry of Environment and Forests. The Japan Bank for International Cooperation is participating in the Yamuna Action Plan in 15 of the above 21 towns (excluding six towns of Haryana included later on the direction of Supreme Court of India) with soft loan assistance of 17.773 billion Japanese yen (equivalent to about Rs. 700 crore INR) while the government of India is providing the funds for the remaining six towns added later. In 2007 the Indian government's plans to repair sewage lines were predicted to improve the water quality of the river 90% by the year 2010.
The last barrage across Yamuna river is at Mathura for supply of drinking water to the city. Downstream of this barrage, many pumping stations are constructed to feed the river water for irrigation needs. These pumping stations are near Pateora Danda 25°55′09″N 80°13′27″E, Samgara 25°41′13″N 80°46′27″E, Ainjhi 25°43′35″N 80°49′33″E, Bilas Khadar 25°31′35″N 81°02′43″E, Samari 25°27′19″N 81°11′43″E, etc. (Refer to Google Earth maps.) Depletion of the base flows available in the river during the non-monsoon months by these pump houses is enhancing river pollution from Mathura to Allahabad in the absence of adequate fresh water to dilute the polluted water reaching the river from habitations and industries.
However, in 2009, the Union government admitted to the Lok Sabha (Indian Parliament), the failure of the Ganga Action Plan and the Yamuna Action Plan, saying that "rivers Ganga and Yamuna are no cleaner now than two decades ago" despite spending over Rs 1,700 crore to control pollution. According to a CSE official, these plans adopted the Thames model, based on a centralised sewage treatment system. This meant that huge sum of money and a 24-hour power supply were needed to manage the treatment plants, while only an 8-hour power supply was available, contributing to the failure of the river plans.
In August 2009, the Delhi Jal Board (DJB) initiated its plan for resuscitating the Yamuna’s 22-kilometre stretch in Delhi by constructing interceptor sewers, at the cost of about Rs 1,800 crore.
WIKIPEDIA
John BAMFORD (Unable to find the correct record for this person listed with the CWGC. Additional information would be very much appreciated)
Private 7604, James BARLOW, 1st King's Liverpool Regiment died 16th November 1914 aged 32. He was the husband of Louisa Barlow, of 127, Brown Lees Rd., Brindley Ford, Stoke-on-Trent. He is at rest in Railway Chateau Cemetery, West Vlaanderen, Belgium.
Private 65097, John William BOWYER, 1st Northumberland Fusiliers died 14th April 1918 aged 20. He was the son of Francis and Emma, of Milton, Stoke on Trent, Staffordshire. He is at rest in Etaples Military Cemetery, France
Private 20182 John BYRNE 2nd Wiltshire Regiment died 25th September 1915. he was born at Golden Hill, Stoke on Trent and he is commemorated on the Loos Memorial, France
Private 7994 Herbert CHALSTREY, 8th Northumberland Regiment killed in action24th May 1917. In 1911 he was residing with Isaac and Elizabeth Meakin of 11, Bourne Street, Brindley Ford and was employed as a general labourer. He was the son of Richard and Emma of 23, Bourne Street, Brindley Ford. Native of Sandbach Cheshire and he is at rest in Transport Farm, Railway Dugouts Burial Ground West Vlaanderen, Belgium.
Lance Corporal 15223 Thomas FARR, 8th King's Own Scottish Borderers died 25th September 1915. He was native of Newchapel, Stoke on Trent and was the husband of Jennie of 1 Denison Square, Mitchletown Methley, Leeds. He is commemorated on the Loos Memorial, France
Private 200664 George Ernest GRIFFIN, 1/5th North Staffordshire Regiment died 13th February 1917 aged 21. He was the son of George and Mary Jane of Office House, Brindley Ford, Stoke on Trent, Staffordshire. He is at rest in Bienvillers Military Cemetery, Pas de Calais, France. He is also commemorated on the War Memorial in St Lawrence Churchyard, Biddulph, Staffordsire. Some notes from remains of his Army record. He joined up in 1914 and had his medical on the 11th September 1914 at Biddulph as Private 3352 and then 200664 1/5 North Staffordshire Regiment. He was aged 19 and 10 months lived with his parents George and Mary at Office House, Biddulph Valley Iron Works and worked as a warehouse man On the 18th August 1915 he embarked Southampton for Rouen arriving on the 19th. The 4th December 1915 he was wounded in action , shot in the right arm and legs. and treated in 1st Field Ambulance. 5th December he was in 32nd Casualty Clearing Station, 9th December now in 2nd Canadian General Hospital, Le Treport, 22nd December transferred to England, destination not given. he was discharged fit for duty and on the 11th July 1916 he embarked Folkstone and arrived at Boulogne the same day and joined D Company of his regiment in the field on the 21st July 1916. He was again admitted to hospital on the 2nd January 1917 this time with diphtheria. he wa treated in 12th Stationary Hospital at St Pol, France and on the 7th February was discharged from hospital with light duties. On the 13th February 1917 he was killed in action.
Corporal 490414 George Arthur HALES, 465th Field Coy, Royal Engineers died 29th September 1918. He was the son of William and Elizabeth Hales, of Stoke-on-Trent and husband of Eliza Mountford (formerly Hales), of 55, Walton Vale, Aintree, Liverpool. He is at rest in Brie British Cemetery, Somme, France
Private 50591 Samuel HALL, 2nd Lincolnshire Regiment died 23rd October 1918 aged 19. He was the son of John and Melinda Henshall, of 29, Handley St., Lane Ends, Pack Moor, Stoke-on-Trent. He is commemorated on the Vis-En-Artois Memorial, France
Private 17378, Joseph JOHNSON, 1st North Staffordshire Regiment died 31st August 1916 aged 30. He was born at Packmore, Staffordshire and was the son of Henry and Hannah of 5, Lawton Street, Lane Ends, Tunstall, Stoke on Trent, Staffordshire. He is commemorated on the Thiepval memorial, Somme, France
Rifleman 88573, Charles KELLY, 2/6th Liverpool Regiment died 12th September 1918 aged 23. He was born at Brindley Ford and he is at rest in Moeuvres Communal Cemetery, Extension, Nord France
Private 10353, William MANSELL, 8th Royal Fusiliers died 3rd May 1917 aged 24. He was the son of Thomas and Mary of African House, Brindley Ford, Staffordshire. He is commemorated on the Arras Memorial, Pas de Calais, France
Private 9706 Thomas MEIR, 11th Royal Fusiliers died 10th August 1917. he was born at Tunstall, Stoke on Trent, Staffordshire and he is commemorated on the Menin Gate Memorial, Ypres, Belgium
Lance Corporal 10102, Sydney MITCHELL, 1st North Staffordshire regiment died 1st June 1915 aged 19. He was the son of Jane E. Odey (formerly Mitchell), of 10, Fan Row, Black Bull, Stoke-on-Trent, and the late Alfred Mitchell. Native of Biddulph, Staffordshire. He is at rest in Erquinghem-Lys Churchyard Extension, Nord France
Private 142997 Thomas James PERKS, 25th Machine Gun Corps, formerly 32396 North Staffordshire Regiment, died of wounds 12th April 1918 aged 25. He was the son of John and Sarah Ellen nee Harrison Perks of 15, Albert Street, Brindley Ford Staffordshire and worked as a puddler in an iron works/foundry He is at rest in Godewaersvelde British Cemetery, Nord France
Private 3/4879 William Percy ROBERTS, 14th Yorkshire and Lancaster Regiment died 30th June 1917 aged 28. He was the husband of Alice Norbury of School House, Brindley Ford, Staffordshire. He is commemorated on the Arras Memorial, Pas de Calais, France. Some notes from remains of his Army record. He enlisted on the 8th September 1914 and was posted as private 1416, York and Lancs Regiment. He was aged 25 and lived at High Street, Bribdley Ford. He was promoted to Lance Sergeant on the 22nd February 1915, promoted to Sergeant with the 3rd Battalion on the 16th March 1915 and transferred as Acting Sergeant on the 29th April 1915 to the 1st Battalion. On the 26th December 1916 he deserted and at his trial was demoted to private and posted to the 14th Battalion on the 4th March 1917 and he was killed in action in the field as Private 30th June 1917. He served 2yrs and 296 days Above was a brief synopis.
On the 22nd January 1916 he was fighting at the front at Rouen with the 2nd Battalion the 21st February 1916 he was being treated in the field by 2nd Field Ambulance then 167 Field Ambulance, 1st Canadian General Hospital, Etaples and on the 25th February 1916 he was admitted to 9, Stationary Hospital, Le Havre. No information as to why he was admitted to hospital. 25th May 1916 he rejoined the 2nd battalion in Belgium. Once again he was admitted to a 16 Field Ambulance on the 19th August 1916 . The 24th August he was at 44 Casualty Clearing Station. 27th August he was at 3rd Canadian Stationary Hospital, Boulogne. The 2nd September 1916 he was transferred to England Hospital Ship, Newhaven. The only clue in his record that he was suffering from was PUO (British Expeditionary Force in France, Pyrexia [fever] of Unknown Origin) . This may have been the same symptom he had the first time in hospital.
On the 13th February 1917 he embarked Folkstone for Boulogne arriving the same day. From Bolougne port he went to Infantry Base Depot for deployment to his unit and the same day he was posted to 14th York and Lancs Regiment in the field . Whilst in action he was killed on the 30th June1917. He had formerly served with the 4th Volunteer Staffordshire Regiment at Tunstall and as Private 9921 with the 3rd North Staffordshire Regiment. His parents were William Percy and Jane of 6, Victoria Street, Brindley Ford. His wife Alice nee Webster who he married on the 12th August 1912 at St Bartholomew Church, Norton in the Moors, Staffordshire was living at School House, Brindley Ford. They had two issues, Marion, born 11th March 1913 and Harold born 25th June 1914, parents living at Brindley Ford. In 1919 his widow and children were residing in High Street, Brindley Ford
Private 42261, Daniel ROWLEY, East Surrey Regiment posted to 1/23rd London Regiment killed in action 30th August 1918 aged 21. He was the son of Daniel and Mary Louisa nee Harrison who were married in 1890 at St James Church, Newchapel, near Brindley Ford and lived at 31, Bourne Street, Brindley Ford and step son to Michael Flannigan who his mother married in 1901, in Wolstanton Registry Office. of 13, Bourne St, Brindley Ford Staffordshire. He is commemorated on the Vis-En-Artois Memorial, Pas de Calais, France
Private 38789, Thomas SNEE, 4th North Staffordshire Regiment died 1st October 1918 aged 22. He was the son of Mr M Snee of Lane Ends, Newchapel near Brindley Ford, Staffordshire. He is at rest in Zantvoorde British Cemetery, West Vlaanderen, Belgium
Lance Corporal 12244 Harry STOCKTON, 9th North Staffordshire Regiment died of wounds 22nd May 1918. He was born at Biddulph and was the grandson of David and Sarah of Congleton, Cheshire and is at rest in St. Sever Cemetery Extension, Rouen, Seine Maritime France
DIED
Private 1396 Ernest BRERETON, Machine Gun Corps died 2nd December 1915 aged 23. He was the son of Mr. T. J. W. H. and Mrs. F. Brereton, of 39 Shepherd St., Biddulph, Stoke-on-Trent. Born at Brindley Ford. He is at rest in St James churchyard, Newchapel, Staffordshire
Roy BOWCOCK He was the "adopted" son of William and Louisa Jane who in 1911 were living at 35, Victoria Street, Brindley Ford. In 1901 he was living with a cousin John J Bowcock (born in Brindle Ford) of Dale Green Farm, Newchapel, Staffordshire He died about December 1920 aged 22
No military record can be found for him. His brother Arthur served and was medical discharged to pension 3rd March 1919
Private 201337 Clarence George HOLLINSHEAD, 2/5th North Staffordshire Regiment died in 2nd General Hospital, Stepping Hill, Stockport at 10pm from Pulmonary Tuberculosis on the 26th June 1918 aged 22. He was the son of George Henry and Elizabeth of Brindley Ford. Staffordshire. He is at rest in St Lawrence Churchyard, Biddulph, Staffordshire. Some notes from what remains of his Army record. He joined up on the 1st April 1915 to 3rd Army Reserve, 5th North Staffordshire Regiment. He appeared to have been mobilised on the 24th February 1917 to the 2/5th Battalion. He gave his address as 5, Fan Row, Brindley Ford. He served in France from the 25th February 1917 to 20th March 1918 (1yr and 24days) in England from the 21st March 1918 to his discharge on the 14th June 1918. He was admitted to the Military Hospital, 2nd Western General Hospital, Stepping Hill, Stockport from the Queen Mary's Hospital, Whalley, Lancs on the 20th June 1918 with all the signs of Pulmonary Tuberculosis and he did at 10 pm on the 26th June 1918.
His cause of death was, 1 Pulmonary Tuberculosis contracted on active service. 2. Exhaustion . His sister Mrs Florence Annie Young whe was living at Old Parsonage Cottage, Rectory Road, Basildon, Essex was under the impression that her brother died at Western General Hospital, Manchester after being transferred from Stepping Hill. A telegraph to her did indicate he died at Stepping Hill. She received his personal effects, Silas the brother received his Medals and Scroll
Private 202101 Harry RATCLIFFE 4th Royal Lancaster Regiment died in 1918 at the Registration District of Wolstanton, Stoke on Trent. In 1911 he was living with his family at 27 High Street, Brindley Ford his widowed mother, Eliza for the same year was living at 83, Cornwallis Street, Stoke on Trent. His father was called Frederick. Some notes from what remains of his Army record. Be warned there are some records in the file not belonging to him. (The search shows Harry Ratcliffe with the Army Service Corps, which is incorrect) He enlisted on the 21st August 1916 and posted to the Army Reserve to the25th November 1917. He gave his age his age as 36 and lived at 27, High Street, Brindley Ford with his wife Mary Ann nee Worthington who he married on the 9th August 1908 at Newchapel church, Newchapel, Staffordshire and one child Gwendoline Worthington born 1st April 1902 at Fegg Hayes, Tunstall . He was working as a grocers assistant. On the 27th November 1916 he was mobilised and sent to the 75th Training Reserve Battalion, Prees Heath. On the 6th January 1917 he was posted from the 8th Battalion from the Royal Lancaster Depot and posted to France with the 1/4th Battalion and left France on the 20th July 1917 bound for England.
He was in England for 21 July 1917 and was discharged from the army on the 2nd April 1918. No record was found as to the reason of his discharge. In is record was a printed note which stated the following. "Not to be compulsorily posted for Service under Military Service (Review of Exception) Act 1917 in accordance with A.C.I, 1105 of 1917. He died at home in 1918
Sister, Sarah Ann WIGGIN, The Military Auxiliary Hospital, Moor Park, Preston, Lancaster, spinster died 2nd November 1918 aged 30. Her effects of £51. 14s 10d went Hannah wife of Thomas William Goodwin. She was the daughter of Joseph who in 1901 was a widower and living in Brindley Ford. Her mother Lucy Emma nee Onions passed away in 1889. In 1911 Sarah was working as a domestic servant to Nathan Birbeck Storey at 54, West Bond Street, Macclesfield, Cheshire
John FLEMMING killed 1917. (it may be this person) Lance Corporal G/20207, John FLEMING, 8th The Buffs (East Kent Regiment) died 13th January 1918. He was the husband of Jane of 23, Bank Street, Tunstall, Stoke on Trent. He is at rest in Abbeville Communal Cemetery Extension, Somme France
World War 2
Aircraftman 2nd Class 2230575 Harry JACKSON, Royal Air Force Volunteer reserve died 5th April 1947 aged 25. He was the son of Mrs A Jackson of Liverpool. He is at rest in Hamburg Cemetery, Germany
Corporal 550697, Sampson BROAD, 17/21st Lancers, Royal Armoured Corps died 19th July 1944 aged 31. he was the son of Arthur and Martha Broad; husband of Lillie Broad, of Brindley Ford, Staffordshire. He is at rest in Foiano Della Chiana War Cemetery, Italy
Craftman 10562167 Gordon SLANEY, Royal Electrical and Mechanical Engineers died 26th May 1946 aged 24. He was the son of William and Sarah Alice, nee Perks, of Packmoor, Staffordshire and husband of Margaret C. M. S. nee Whitley, of Packmoor who he married in 1945 at St Thomas, Mow Cop. He is at rest in Schoonselhof Cemetery, Antwerp, Belgium
Lance Sergeant 1130517, George Ernest KEELING, 62nd Anti Tank Regiment, Royal Artillery died 18th July 1944 aged 28. He is at rest in Hermanville War Cemetery, Calvados, France
All information is provided in good faith but, on occasions errors may occur. Should this be the case, if new information can be verified please supply it to the author and corrections will then be made.
This memorial has been compiled with additional information by kind permission of the Commonwealth War Graves Commission and from Ancestry.co.uk
Other persons found with a Brindley Ford connection. Source Ancestry.co.uk
Some of the information is from their Army Record which was damaged by water and fire during the blitz on London in World War 2 which made some documents hard to read
Private 12582, Joseph EVENSON, 8th North Staffordshire Regiment died 6th March 1916 aged 24. He was the of John and Mary Ann Evenson, of Railway Cottages, Brindley Ford, Staffordshire. He is at rest in the Rue-Du-Bacquerot No. 1 Military Cemetery, Laventie, Pas de Calais, France and commemorated on the St Lawrence Churchyard War Memorial, Diddulph, Staffs
Private 42345, Fred MORRIS, Bedfordshire Regiment. Joined up aged 19yrs and 5 months on the 30th March 1918. He lived at 22, Victoria Street, Brindley Ford. 6th September 1918 he received a gun shot wound to his right ears which was mild (lucky chappie) It appeared that he was not admitted to hospital. 16th January 1919 he was discharged from the army to a pension. He suffered from Otitis Media 20%. Medical board stated not aggravated by war service. (I wonder if it was his right ear !!)
Private 343727 Arthur BOWCOCK, Labour Corps. Enlisted 14th February 1916 aged 20yrs and posted to the Arm reserve. Hegave his homes address as 35 Victoria Street, Brindley Ford, occupation, Baker. His next of kin was his father William of the same address. He was called to the colours on the 15th June 1917. On the 29th August 1918 he was transferred to the Army Reserve and on the 3rd March 1919 he was discharged, surplus to military requirements. He was discharged to East Terrace, Fegg Hays, Staffordshire. 1911 census shows that he was with his parents at 33, Victoria Street and that he was an assistant grocer.
Gunner 141260 Royal Field Artillery and then Gunner 112289, Tank Corps David ROBERTS of 6, Victoria Street, Brindley Ford. Enlisted aged 24 and was a miner. His father, John was his next of kin. He enlisted on the 12th December 1915 and was mobilised as Gunner 10th May 1916 and on the 19th August 1916 he was at Lahore. On the 16th April 1917 he received and Order for Stoppages of Pay. He was ordered to 4 pence a day from the date of this Order (31st May 1916) for support of his illegitimate child. This Order came from General Officer Commanding Scottish Coast Defence. at Edinburgh. The Maintenance Order was for Alice Ellerton of Brindley Ford born 26th July 1915. He was discharged on the 20th January 1919 to pension and received 5/- 6d per week from the 21st January 1919. He suffered from a double hernia aggravated by war service. A letter to the army from David Roberts requesting a copy of his discharge papers has his was burnt by accident when moving to a new home. He gave his unit as 26th Reserve Battalion, Royal Field Artillery. His medal card shows he was gunner 141260 RFA and Gunner 112289. Tank Corps
Private 17982 John William WHITEHOUSE, 7th North Staffordshire Regiment, died of wounds received in action on the 12th December 1915 either on ship to Malta or in Malta . He is at rest in Pieta Military Cemetery, Malta. Some notes from what remains of his Army record. He lived at 3, Chapel Street, Brindley Ford and was working as a miner. He had previously served in the North Staffordshire Regiment. The end of his engagement which expired on the 20th July 1915 he re-enlisted and was transferred to the 3rd Battalion the same day. He served in the Mediterranean from the 19th September 1915 until he was wounded. His parents were John and Hannah Ann of 37, Samuel Street, Packmoor, near Brindley Ford. His effects went to Mrs Nellie Rushton of 3, Chapel Street, Brindley Ford.
Thomas OAKES (Old soldier who did his bit) It starts from 14th February 1883 to 4th March 1916
Thomas joined up at Warrington, Cheshire on the 14th February 1883 into the Liverpool Regiment and gave his occupation as a Forgeman. he had previously served with the 3rd South Lancashire Regiment. On the 19th December 1890 he was promoted to Lance Corporal. He served in Burma 1885-1887. He was discharged from the army and the termination of his engagement with the colours. Total of 7 years and 281 days He was the son of Thomas and Elizabeth.
The 24th April 1900 he enlisted at Chester aged 37 and 2 months into the 2nd Royal Garrison Artillery as Lance Corporal 1309. His occupation still a forgeman and now living with his wife Sarah Ann Nee Pierpoint who married in 1891 at 96 Henry Street, Tunstall. He was at the tome of his enlistment living with his wife at 9, Wellington Street, Tunstall.. He was in the Army Reserve for 4yrs and 56 days. Royal Lanchire Reserve for only 359 days
The 16th June 1903 at Lichfield he enlisted as Private 7991, 3rd Liverpool Regiment. Born at Sandbach, Cheshire but living with his wife and family at 27, Sun Street, Tunstall, still a forgeman. He had previously served with the 2nd Liverpool Regiment, 6th Lancashire Reserve, the 2nd Royal Garrison Artillery. His engagement with the colours terminated on the 21st June 1909.
The 18th April 1915 he re-enlisted into the 2/6th North Staffordshire Regiment at Private 4080 aged 50 and living with his wife Sarah Ann at 18, Victoria Street, Brindley Ford. He gave his occupation as an Iron worker at a puddling furnace. He was attached to No1 Surveying Company from 28th Provincial Battalion and was discharged mediaclly unfit on the 4th March1916 after serving 322 days.
Private 25108 Robert Albert RUSHTON, Coldstream Guards, aged 19 of 3, Chapel Street, Brindley Ford occupation a miner.
He enlisted on the 16th April 1918 and was posted on the 18th April 1918 Guards Depot. the 15th August 1918 he was posted to Provincial Battalion at Widsor. He was posted Class W (surplus to Military requirement, not having suffered impairment since entry into the service) on the 9th December 1918 He was the son of Robert and Maria and the husband of Clara M nee Hewitt who his married in St James Church Newchapel, Staffordshire in 1923
Private 15713, John William WHITEHURST, 8th North Staffordshire Regiment. He enlisted on the 26th November 1914 aged 26 and lived at 3, Chapel Street, Brindley Ford. He was the son of Samuel and Harriet Ann of 35 Samuel Street, Packmoor near Brindley Ford. . He was posted to North Staffordshire Regiment Depot on the 1st December 1914m transferred to the 10th battalion and on the 11th December 1914 was discharged being found "not likely to become an efficiant soldier. Served 16 days. I have been unable to read the Medical Officers notes who examined him. He had suffered from pains and the only way to relieve his pain was by an operation which he refused, that was his only option.
Driver 33778, Samuel BOOTH, Royal Artillery. He enlisted on the1st June 1918 aged 18 and 11 months and lived with his parents Samuel and Elizabeth at Mill Hayes, Childerplay Farm, Black Bull, Brindley Ford and was working as a farm boy. He was posted as Driver on the 5th June 1918 to No1 Depot. 19th June 1918 he was posted to the Reserve Brigade Territorial Force and the 20th February 1919 he was demob to Class Z. from Woolwich to the Army Reserve
Private 101945, William Reginald BROUGH 3rd Essex Regiment , formerly 44823 10th Battalion same regiment, aged 18 of 13, High Street, Brindley Ford. He enlisted into the army on the 11th February 1918. He was born on the 28th January 1900 and was the son of William Henry and Mary who in 1911 were living at Yarnfield, near Stone Staffordshire. In 1918 he was now living at 13, High Streetm Brindley Ford with parents and he gave his mother as his next of kin. His occupation prior to enlistment was a driver at Biddulph Coal Pit. He was called to the colours at Burslem on the 11th February 1918 He was sent to Rugely Camp, Cannock Chase, Staffordshire were he was admitted to the camp's hospital on the 21st May 1918 to 27th May 1918 suffering from tonsillitis. He was posted to France on the 2nd August 1918. The 2nd September 1918 was not a good day for him, he was shot in the left cheek, which was sever and was treated at 56, Field Ambulance to transferred to a Casualty Clearing Station and on the 8th September to No6, General Hospital then to England. He was discharged from the hospital on the 28th September 1918 and on the 10th January 1919 was discharged from the army as surplus to military requirements.
Gunner 1124, James Edward DUTTON , North Midland Brigade, Royal Field Artillery. He originally enlisted on the 25th March 1913 aged 23 and was employed at Robert Heath and Sons, Black Bull, as an iron worker. He was living at 7, Albert Street, Brindley Ford with his parents Walter , Clara and siblings one being George William who also joined up.. His next of kin was his wife Sarah Annie who lived at 42, King Street, Tunstall. He re-enlisted on the 5th August 1914 into the Royal Field Artillery. He was promoted to Acting Bombardier on the 29th March 1915 with the 2/1st Staffordshire Battalion, 9th October 1915. He was discharged from the army on the 6th September 1916 as no longer physically fit for War Service (Army Form W.3453) he was Acting Corporal 1205, 296 Brigade, Royal Field Artillery attached to 4th Provincial Brigade Ammunition Column . He had served 3yrs and 182 days.
Private 49426, George William DUTTON, 3rd South Staffordshire Regiment joined up on the 19th January 1916 aged 19. he was the son of Walter and Hannah and brother of James Edward who all lived at 7, Albert Street, Brindley Ford. His father was his next of kin. he worked as a miner at the same place as his brother James, at Robert Heath and Sons, Coal and Iron works, Black Bull. Brindley Ford. He was discharged to the Army reserve on the 11th January 1919. There were only four bits of pages that remained of his army record.
Pioneer 211952, George William FORD, Royal Engineers, Transport Branch. He joined up on the 24th February 1916 aged 28 and 10 months. He had worked as a Railway plate layer North Stafford Railway and lived at 30, Albert Street, Brindley Ford with his wife Hannah nee Rowley (who he married on the 10th June 1916 at Wolstanton Registry Office, Staffs) of 30 Mount Street, Tunstall and their child Vera who was born on the 7th October 1916 at Tunstall. He was called to the colours on the 24th April 1916 and posted to the Royal Engineers Depot. On the 24th April 1917 he embarked Southampton and disembarked at Alexandria on the 23rd May 1917 . He was posted to the Cable Section Royal Engineers on the 1st September 1918 and was transferred on the 27th June 1919 to the Transport Branch. The 11th October 1919 he was demobilized to Class Z, (Army Reserve) to his home at 30, Mount Street, Tunstall with the rank of Pioneer.
The 28th December 1917 he was put on a 252 (Army Charge) when he was a Private, his offence was "Neglect of duty in improperly dealings with a "Priority" telegraph. He was on O.C. (Officer Commanding) Orders on the 7th December 1918 in Egypt and was Confined to Camp (C.C.) for ten days. His parents were William and Agnes and they lived at 54, High Street, Brindley Ford
Samuel JONES, White Cottage, Bemersley, Brindley Ford. He enlisted on the 11th September 1918 aged 20 and 4 months and worked as a locomotive guardsman. His wife Rachel nee Bowyer who he married on the 30th July 1917 the parish church at Norton-le-Moors was his next of kin and they had a child called Clara Elizabeth who was born on the 17th August 1918 all lived in the White Cottage. He was born on the 30th March 1898. He was Pioneer 34007 and W/209868 Royal Engineers and he was posted to the (R.O.T.D.) Railway Operating Troops Depot, Royal Engineers. He was discharged to Class Z (Army Reserve) on the 1st March 1919 from the R.O.T.D. He was the son of Thomas and Sophie (1911) lived at 27, Childerplay, Brindley Ford
Private 99831, James William JONES 4th Durham Light Infantry. He enlisted on the 30th April 1918 at Lichfield aged 19. He lived at 4, Victoria Street, Brindley Ford and had worked as an iron and steel worker. His next of kin was his sister, Mrs Sarah Ann Jones (She married a Jones) of 11, Cannock Road, Cannock Terrace, Wolverhampton. He was discharged on the 14th March 1919 to enable him to re-enlist into the Regular Army on the 15th March 1919. He was allowed furlough (tem leave)from the 22nd March and gave his destination railway station as Black Bull. He re-enlisted into 4th battalion as Private 99831.
Guardsman 21575 John BOWYER, Coldstream Guards. He joined up on the 21st February 1916 aged25 and 4 months. he lived with his parents Edward and Mary Ann at 27, New Buildings, Brindley Ford. He was posted into the Army reserve on the 22nd February 1916 and mobilised on the 29th January 1917 and sent to Caterham on the 1st February 1917. He was medically discharged on the 11th October 1917 and being no longer physically fit for War Service. When he had his medical at Windsor he suffered from a chest complaint prior to enlistment as he worked as a miner. He was diagnosed as having Tubercle Bacilli of the lung (T,B.)
Driver 13613, Stephen BENNETT, South Staffordshire Regiment. He enlisted on the 8th September 1914 aged 24 and 31 days and he lived at 36 Bourne Street, Brindley Ford. He worked as loader at a coal pit. He was the son of Isaac and Elizabeth of 4, Victoria Street, Brindley Ford. He was posted to the North Staffords Depot on the 29th September 1914 and was discharged on the 7th October 1914, "not likely to become an efficient soldier"
Another record was found and this time he was Private 14171 and the 13602, North Staffordshire Regiment. he gave his address as 56, Bourne Street, Brindley Ford.
Guardsman 33868 Joseph BESWICK. Grenadier Guards of 8, Victoria Street, Brindley Ford aged 18 and 9 months and gave his occupation as a pony driver in a coal mine. He enlisted on the 24th April 1915 and posted to the Army Reserve. he was called to the colours on the 24th April 1918 and on the 9th December 1918 he was transferred to Class W. Army reserve for employment with Chatterley Whitfield Colliery Brindley Ford, He was discharged from the army on the 14th December 1918
Private 14166, Samuel BROOKS East Yorkshire Regiment. He joined up on the 4th November 1914 at Sunderland aged 32 and 4 months. and gave his occupation as a labourer. On the 5th November he was sent to the Depot at Beverly and was transferred on the 12th November 1914 into the 9th Battalion. He was discharged from the army for having defective teeth on the 20th November 1914. he gave his sister, Margaret Simms of 7, Bishop Street, Brindley Ford as his next of kin.
Private 32105 Arthur BROWN, Grenadier Guards. he joined up at Lichfield on the 19th April 1918 aged 19 and lived at 21, Bull Lane, Brindley Ford, and was a cola miner. His father Robert Hudson Brown was his next of kin, his mother was called Caroline. On the 29th August 1918 he was transferred to Class W for employment with Brownlees Colliery, Biddulph and was discharged from the army on the 14th December 1918.
Private 4775, Joseph William COPELAND, 3/5th North Staffordshire Regiment enlisted on the 17th April 1916 aged 16 and 10 months. He lived at 11, Brown Lees Road, Brindley Ford with his mother Esther Copeland. He was discharged form the army as being under age at the date of enlistment. He re-enlisted as Private 24859 Coldstream Guards. Enlisted on the 2nd March 1916 at Grantham aged 19 and lived at 11, Brownlees Road, Brindley Ford. He gave his mother Mrs Esther Bovey as his next of kin. He was called up on the 16th and posted to Guards Depot on the 18th April 1918. He was transferred to Class W on the 5th December 1918 and discharged from the army on the 14th December 1918.
Private 24476, Percy LOCKETT, Royal Welsh Fusiliers. He enlisted aged 25 and lived with his brother Albert at 33, Bourne Street, Brindley Ford. His occupation was a rope spinner. He joined up at Wrexham on the 4th June 1915 and posted to the 3rd Reserve Battalion and was discharged on the 5th November 1915 after serving 159 days. He suffered for eye sight problem. Nystagmus (Involuntary eye movement) He was the son of James and Mary Anne of Silverdale.
Driver 143262, James WILKES Army Service Corps. He joined up at Bradford on the 11th December 1915 aged 29 and 11 months and lived at 2, Victoria Street Brindley Ford. He gave his mother, Catherine of the same address as his next of kin and his occupation as and Evengelist. He served in France from the 15th August 1916 and was promoted to Acting Corporal on the 26th April 1918, Lance Sergeant 8th August 1916 and Corporal 16th April 1918.
He was awarded the 1st Good conduct Medal on the 11th December 1917. The 1st September 1919 he was demobilised at Woolwich and his unit was 224 Heavy Transport Company, Royal Army Service Corps.
Private 52099, Arthur Henry CLAY, 1st Lincolnshire Regiment died 14th November 1918 aged 26. he was native of Brindley Ford, lived in Stoke on Trent and enlisted at Buddulph. In 1911 he was living with his brother at 250 Newcastle Street, Burslem employed as a Salesman and collector, place of birth Brindley Ford. He is at rest in Cologne Southern Cemetery, Nordhein-Westfalen, Germany
Lance Corporal 40480 William Edwin JACKSON, 8th North Staffordshire Regiment killed in action 18th November 1916. Born in Brindley Ford and in 1911 lived with his parents Samuel and Elizabeth Ann at 59, Mellor Street, Packmoor, near Brindley Ford, Staffordshire. He is commemorated on the Thiepval memorial, Somme, France
Rifleman 88573 Charles KELLY, 2/6th Liverpool Regiment, formerly Pte 203969, East Surrey Regiment, killed in action 12th September 1918 aged 23. Born in Brindley Ford and was the son of William and Bridget of 26, Victoria Street, Brindley Ford. He is at rest in Moeuvres Communal Cemetery Extension Nord France
Private 10353, William MANSELL, 8th Royal Fusiliers killed in action 3rd May 1917 aged 24. Born in Tunstall and lived at Brindley Ford and was the son of Thomas and Mary of African House, Brindley Ford. He is commemorated on the Arras Memorial, Pas de Calais, France
Private 2298, Arthur MAYDEW, 1/5th North Staffordshire regiment killed in action 27th September 1916 . Born at Brindley Ford. he was the son of Arthur and Francis of Childerplay, Brindley Ford and he is at rest in De Cusine Ravine British Cemetery, Basseux, Pas de Calais, France
Lance Corporal 10102, Sidney MITCHELL, 1st North Staffordshire Regiment died of wounds 1st June 1915 aged 19.
He was the son of Jane E. Odey (formerly Mitchell), of 10, Fan Row, Black Bull, Brindley Ford, , and the late Alfred Mitchell. Native of Biddulph, Staffs. He is at rest in Erquinghem-Lys Churchyard Extension, Nord France
Lance Corporal John Robert REEVES, 1/5th North Staffordshire Regiment killed in action 13th October 1915 aged 26. He was the son Samuel and Fanny Reeves, of 20, Bull St., West Bromwich, Staffs and husband of Gertrude Reeves, of 23, New Buildings, Black Bull, Brindley Ford. He is commemorated on the Loos Memorial, Pas de Calais. Some notes from what remains of his Army record. He enlisted on the 16th September 1914 aged 26 and 7 months. Prior to enlistment he worked for R Heath and Son Ltd as a iron roll turner. He was born at West Bromwich and lived with his wife, Gertrude at 23, New Buildings, Black Bull with their child Samuel born 10th April 1914 at Black Bull. He embarked from Southampton on the 28th June 1915 and disembarked at Rouen on the 29th. He joined B Coy in the field on the 23rd July 1915 and on the 13th October 1915 he was reported missing, presumed killed in action.
PACKMOOR CONNECTION
Private 15601 Robert DAVIES, 7th North Staffordshire Regiment killed in action at Gallipoli 7th January 1916 aged 29. Born at Packmoor, Staffordshire. He was the husband of Margaret Ann of 53, Samuel Street, Packmoor, near Brindley Ford, Staffordshire. He is commemorated on the Helles Memorial, Turkey and Gallipoli. Some notes from what remains of his Army record. He joined up on the 20th November 1914 at Lichfield to Army reserve. (No record of when he was mobilised. He was the son of Thomas of 24, Brook Street, Tunstall. His wife Margaret Ann nee Farrall who he married on the 26th October 1908 at St Nathaniel's church, Henery Green, Platt Bridge, Lancashire was his next of kin. He had two children Robert Edgar born 20th March 1911 and Reginald, born 25th February 1913, both born Newchpel, Staffordshire. He was posted to the Mediterranean Expeditionary Force 26th June 1915 and was wounded on the 12th August 1915. No record has survived the bombing from the blitz over London, as to the cause of his wound and treatment. On the 7th January 1916 he was killed in action .
Private 44395, William OWEN, 2nd Suffolk Regiment formerly 49488 South Staffordshire Regiment, killed in action 23rd October 1918. Born at Packmoor, Staffordshire and he is at rest in Romeries Communal Cemetery, Extension, Nord France
Lance Sergeant 15619, Joseph HANCOCK, 9th North Staffordshire Regiment killed in action 9th April 1917 aged 26. He was the son of Joseph and Sarah Ann Hancock, of Ball Green, Stoke-on-Trent and husband of Harriet Hancock, of Turnhurst Road, Turnhurst, Staffordshire. He was born at Brown Edge and lived at Packmoor and in 1911 worked at the pits as a coal loader above ground. He is at rest in Tilloy British Cemetery, Tilloy-Les-Mofflaines, Pas de Calais, France
Private 17378, Joseph JOHNSON, 1st North Staffordshire Regiment killed in action 31st August 1916. He was the son of Henry and Hannah of 5, Lawton Street, Lane Ends, Packmoor. Occupation Bank labourer ironstone rucker.
He is commemorated on the Thiepval Memorial, Somme, France
Private 34330, John KEENAN, 8th Welsh Regiment died at Gallipoli 28th November 1915 aged 31. Born at Wolstanton lived at Pack Moor and enlisted at Carmarthen. He was the son of Christopher and Bridget who in 1901 were living at Brindley Ford. He is commemorated on the Helles Memorial, Turkey and Gallipoli
Private 16635, Richard LEECH, 7th North Staffordshire Regiment died of wounds 19th April 1916 aged 20 at Mesopotamia. He was born at Tunstall lived at Packmoor and is at rest in Amara War Cemetery, Iraq
Private 8869, Leonard LOTON, 7th North Staffordshire Regiment, killed in action at Mesopotamia on the 25th January 1917 aged 19. He was born at Newchapel and lived at Packmoor and was the son of George William and Alice of 67, Turnhurst Road, Packmoor. He is at rest in at rest in Amara War Cemetery, Iraq. Some notes from remains of his Army record. He joined up on the 2nd September 1914 aged 19, lived at Newchapel near Brindley Ford and gave his occupation, miner. He embarked for Egypt to join his regiment the 7th Battalion from the 4th Battalion on the 26th October 1915. 16th February 1916 he embarked Portsaid, Egypt for Basrah disembarking on the 11th March 1916. The 25th January 1917 he was killed in action at Mesopotamia.
Private 17997, William MEAKIN, 7th North Staffordshire Regiment, killed in action at Mesopotamia on the 5th April 1916. Born at Biddulph and lived at 7, James Street, Packmoor with his wife Harriet Bailey (widow) who he married on the 3rd June 1906 at Mow Cop Church Staffordshire and family The following Army notes appear to for the same person this William Meaking , Private 16452, 11th North Staffordshire has given the same address 7, James Street, Packmoor. He joined up on the 11th January 1915, called to the colours on the 29th January to jind B Coy North Staffordshire Regiment and was discharged not likely to become an efficient soldier on the 11th February 1915. he was suffering from a chronic discharged from his left ear. It appears he got the matter sorted and re-enlisted. There is no record for him as Private 17997