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The Java leg of our trip. Started from Jakarta to Yogyakarta by train, to Mt. Bromo and from there to Surabaya
The Java leg of our trip. Started from Jakarta to Yogyakarta by train, to Mt. Bromo and from there to Surabaya
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One of the most important discoveries in the history of mankind.. I am wandering around the National Museum of Indonesia, and thinking, "nice stuff, much like other museums.. and then I come across this simple display, somewhat in need of a clean... amazing.. the skull and femur of Java Man - the first discovery of "homo erectus".
Vakantie Indonesië 2015 / deel 1 /Java | Indonesia trip Summer 2015 / part 1 / Java
Bandung
Eerste deel van vakantie naar Indonesië: Java, van Jakarta via Bogor naar Bandung en met de trein naar Jogjakarta (Borobudur en Prambanan) | First part of Indonesian trip: Java, from Jakarta via Bogor to Bandung and by train to Jogjakarta (with visits to Borobudur and Prambanan temples)
Canon EOS 5D MKII | Zeiss Planar 50mm F1.4 / Canon EF-L 16-35 mm F2.8 / Canon EF-L 100 mm F2.8 macro
The Java leg of our trip. Started from Jakarta to Yogyakarta by train, to Mt. Bromo and from there to Surabaya
Indonesian cocoa powder named "Java" by BT Cocoa, after the origin island. Yes, BT cocoa made several brand of cocoa powder based of the cacao beans being harvested. At least that what they said at the brochure. Another great findings at Jakarta Fair. I bought the regular and dark cocoa powder. As usual, I like the dark ones. It has more bold and deep chocolaty than the red (regular) ones. Good gift ideas for family and colleague overseas.
The Java leg of our trip. Started from Jakarta to Yogyakarta by train, to Mt. Bromo and from there to Surabaya
Encapsulation in Java is another OOPs concept which represents data hiding. This means that the variables are encapsulated within the class and other classes cannot access them directly. We can access them only through the public class methods. In this way, we can hide important data and restrict their modification.
How to achieve encapsulation
We can achieve encapsulation in java in the below ways.
- Declare variables as private. Please refer to access modifiers to understand more about private modifier. We cannot access private variables directly from other classes.
- Implement getter and setter methods. We can use these to read and write the values.
Advantages of Java Encapsulation
- Provides security by not allowing outside class to modify the private fields.
- We can have either read-only or write-only methods also hence providing restrictions to other classes to access them. This means, if a class has only a get method, we can only read the variables. Similarly, we can have only a set method to only set the variable.
- Provides flexibility and reusability through the getter and setter methods.
- Implementation details are not visible to other classes.
- Easy for unit testing
Now let's understand the encapsulation concept in java using an example.
Example of Java Encapsulation
In the below example, we have 2 private variables pname, dept in the Professor class. Since the variables are private we cannot access them outside the class.