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The Postcard
A Tuck's Oilette postcard which was posted in Blackpool on Monday the 5th. August 1918 to:
Miss E. Hallam,
43, Oakfield Street,
Altrincham,
Nr. Manchester
The message on the back was as follows:
"Dear Elsie,
I am having a good time.
The weather is splendid.
I hope you are quite well.
Kind Regards,
Jack".
The Axeman of New Orleans
So what else happened on the day that Jack posted the card to Elsie?
Well, on the 5th. August 1918, New Orleans resident Ed Schneider returned home late from work to find his pregnant wife had been attacked and bludgeoned. Remarkably, she survived the attack and gave birth two days later.
The Axeman of New Orleans was an American serial killer who was active in New Orleans, Louisiana, and surrounding communities, from May 1918 to October 1919.
Press reports during the height of public panic about the killings mentioned similar murders as early as 1911, but recent researchers have called these reports into question. The Axeman was never identified, and the murders remain unsolved.
The Serial Killings
As the killer's epithet implies, the victims usually were attacked with an axe, which often belonged to the victims themselves. In most cases, a panel on a back door of a home was removed by a chisel, which along with the panel was left on the floor near the door.
The intruder then attacked one or more of the residents with either an axe or straight razor. The crimes were not motivated by robbery, and the perpetrator never removed items from his victims' homes.
The majority of the Axeman's victims were Italian immigrants or Italian-Americans, leading many to believe that the crimes were ethnically motivated. Many media outlets sensationalized this aspect of the crimes, even suggesting Mafia involvement despite lack of evidence.
Some crime analysts have suggested that the killings were related to sex, and that the murderer was perhaps a sadist specifically seeking female victims. Criminologists Colin and Damon Wilson hypothesise that the Axeman killed male victims only when they obstructed his attempts to murder women, supported by cases in which the woman of the household was murdered but not the man.
A less plausible theory is that the killer committed the murders in an attempt to promote jazz music, suggested by a letter attributed to the killer in which he stated that he would spare the lives of those who played jazz in their homes.
The Axeman was not caught or identified, and his crime spree stopped as mysteriously as it had started. The murderer's identity remains unknown to this day, although various possible identifications of varying plausibility have been proposed.
On the 13th. March 1919, a letter purporting to be from the Axeman was published in newspapers, saying that he would kill again at 15 minutes past midnight on the night of the 19th. March, but would spare the occupants of any place where a jazz band was playing.
That night all of New Orleans' dance halls were filled to capacity, and professional and amateur bands played jazz at parties at hundreds of houses around town. There were no murders that night.
The Axeman's Letter
"Hottest Hell, March 13, 1919.
They have never caught me and they never will.
They have never seen me, for I am invisible,
even as the ether that surrounds your earth.
I am not a human being, but a spirit and a demon
from the hottest hell.
I am what you Orleanians and your foolish police
call the Axeman.
When I see fit, I shall come and claim other victims.
I alone know whom they shall be. I shall leave no
clue except my bloody axe, besmeared with blood
and brains of he whom I have sent below to keep
me company.
If you wish you may tell the police to be careful not
to rile me. Of course, I am a reasonable spirit. I take
no offense at the way they have conducted their
investigations in the past.
In fact, they have been so utterly stupid as to not only
amuse me, but His Satanic Majesty, Francis Josef, etc.
But tell them to beware. Let them not try to discover
what I am, for it were better that they were never born
than to incur the wrath of the Axeman.
I don't think there is any need of such a warning, for I
feel sure the police will always dodge me, as they have
in the past. They are wise and know how to keep away
from all harm.
Undoubtedly, you Orleanians think of me as a most
horrible murderer, which I am, but I could be much worse
if I wanted to. If I wished, I could pay a visit to your city
every night. At will I could slay thousands of your best
citizens (and the worst), for I am in close relationship with
the Angel of Death.
Now, to be exact, at 12:15 (earthly time) on next Tuesday
night, I am going to pass over New Orleans. In my infinite
mercy, I am going to make a little proposition to you people.
Here it is: I am very fond of jazz music, and I swear by all
the devils in the nether regions that every person shall
be spared in whose home a jazz band is in full swing at the
time I have just mentioned.
If everyone has a jazz band going, well, then, so much
the better for you people. One thing is certain, and that
is that some of your people who do not jazz it out on that
specific Tuesday night (if there be any) will get the axe.
Well, as I am cold and crave the warmth of my native
Tartarus, and it is about time I leave your earthly home,
I will cease my discourse. Hoping that thou wilt publish
this, that it may go well with thee, I have been, am and
will be the worst spirit that ever existed either in fact
or realm of fancy.
--The Axeman".
Identity of the Axeman
Crime writer Colin Wilson speculates the Axeman could have been Leone Manfre, a man shot to death in Los Angeles in December 1920 by the widow of Mike Pepitone, the Axeman's last known victim.
According to Richard Warner, the chief suspect in the crimes was Frank "Doc" Mumphrey (1875–1921), who used the alias Leon Joseph Monfre/Manfre.
Victims of the Axeman
Joseph and Catherine Maggio
Joseph Maggio, an Italian grocer, and his wife Catherine Maggio were attacked on the 23rd. May 1918, while sleeping alongside each other, at their home on the corner of Upperline and Magnolia Streets where they conducted a barroom and grocery.
The killer broke into the home, and then proceeded to cut the couple's throats with a straight razor. Catherine's throat was cut so deeply that her head was nearly severed from her shoulders.
Upon leaving the murderer bashed their heads with an axe, perhaps in order to conceal the real cause of death. Joseph survived the attack, but died minutes after being discovered by his brothers Jake and Andrew Maggio.
Catherine died prior to the brothers' arrival. In the apartment, law enforcement agents found the bloody clothes of the murderer, as he had obviously changed into a clean set of clothes before fleeing the scene. A complete search of the premises was not completed by police after the bodies were removed, yet later the bloody razor was found on the lawn of a neighboring property.
Police ruled out robbery as motivation for the attacks, as money and valuables left in plain sight were not stolen by the intruder.
The razor used to kill the couple was found to belong to Andrew Maggio, the brother of the deceased who ran a barber shop on Camp Street. His employee, Esteban Torres, told police that Maggio had removed the razor from his shop two days prior to the murder, explaining that he had wanted to have a nick honed from the blade.
Maggio, who lived in the adjoining apartment to his brother's residence, discovered his slain brother and sister-in-law roughly two hours after the gruesome attacks had occurred, upon hearing strange groaning noises through the wall.
Maggio blamed his failure to hear any noise related to the attacks on his intoxicated state, as he had returned home after a night of celebration prior to his departure to join the navy; police, however, were nonetheless surprised that he failed to hear the intruder, as he made a forced entry into the home.
Andrew Maggio became the prime suspect in the crime, yet was released after investigators were unable to break down his statement, as well as his account of an unknown man who was supposedly seen lurking near the residence prior to the murders.
Louis Besumer and Harriet Lowe
Louis Besumer and his mistress Harriet Lowe were attacked in the early morning hours of the 27th. June 1918, at the back of his grocery which was located at the corner of Dorgenois and Laharpe Streets. Besumer was struck with a hatchet above his right temple, which resulted in a skull fracture. Lowe was hacked over the left ear, and found unconscious when police arrived at the scene.
The couple were discovered shortly after 7am on the morning of the attack by John Zanca, a driver of a bakery wagon who had come to the grocery in order to make a routine delivery. Zanca found both Besumer and Lowe in a puddle of their own blood, both bleeding from their heads.
The axe, which had belonged to Besumer himself, was found in the bathroom of the apartment. Besumer later stated to police that he had been sleeping when he was bashed with the hatchet.
Police arrested potential suspect Lewis Oubicon, a 41-year-old African-American man who had been employed in Besumer's store just a week before the attacks. No evidence existed to prove the man guilty, yet police arrested him nonetheless, stating that Oubicon had offered conflicting accounts of his whereabouts on the morning of the attack.
Shortly after the attempted murder Lowe stated that she remembered having been attacked by a mulatto man, yet her statement was discounted by police due to her disillusioned state. Robbery was said to be the only possible explanation for the attacks, yet no money or valuables were removed from the couple's home.
Oubicon was later released as police were unable to gather sufficient evidence to hold him accountable for the crimes. Media attention soon turned to Besumer himself, as a series of letters written in German, Russian, and Yiddish were discovered in a trunk at the man's home. Police suspected that Besumer was a German spy, and government officials began a full investigation of his potential espionage.
Weeks later, after going in and out of consciousness, Harriet Lowe told police that she thought Besumer was in fact a German spy, which led to his immediate arrest. Two days later Besumer was released, and two lead investigators of the case were demoted due to unacceptable police work.
Besumer was once again arrested in August 1918, after Harriet Lowe, who lay dying in Charity Hospital after a failed surgery, stated that it was he who had attacked her more than a month previously with his hatchet. He was charged with murder, and served nine months in prison before being acquitted on the 1st. May 1919, after a ten-minute jury deliberation.
Lowe became the center of a media circus, as she continually made scandalous and often false statements relating to both the attacks and the character of Louis Besumer. The Times-Picayune sensationalized Lowe and her outspoken nature upon discovering that she was not the wife of Besumer, but his mistress.
A Charity Hospital source discovered the scandal, when Besumer asked to be directed to the room of "Mrs. Harriet Lowe," and was denied access as no woman by that name was a patient. Besumer's legal wife arrived from Cincinnati in the days immediately following the discovery, which further inflamed the ongoing drama.
Lowe further gained media attention as she repeatedly made statements which voiced her dislike of the New Orleans chief of police, as well as her reluctance to comply with police questioning. After the truth of her marital status was revealed publicly, Lowe told reporters from the Times-Picayune that she would no longer aid the police in their investigation, as she suspected that it had been Chief Mooney who first informed the press of the scandal.
Despite the scandal, and her delirious statements which suggested that Besumer was a German spy, Lowe returned to the home she shared with Besumer weeks after the attack. One side of her face was partially paralyzed due to the severity of the attack. Lowe died on the 5th. August 1918, just two days after doctors performed surgery in an effort to repair her partially paralyzed face. Just prior to her death, Lowe told authorities that she suspected it was Louis Besumer who had attacked her.
Anna Schneider
Anna Schneider was attacked in the early evening hours of the 5th. August 1918. The 8 months-pregnant, 28-year-old of Elmira Street awoke to find a dark figure standing over her and was bashed in the face repeatedly. Her scalp had been cut open, and her face was completely covered in blood.
Mrs. Schneider was discovered after midnight by her husband, Ed Schneider, who was returning late from work. Schneider claimed that she remembered nothing of the attack, and gave birth to a healthy baby girl two days after the incident.
Her husband told police that nothing had been stolen from the home, besides six or seven dollars that had been in his wallet. The windows and doors of the apartment appeared not to have been forced open, and authorities came to the conclusion that the woman was most likely attacked with a lamp that had been on a nearby table.
James Gleason, whom police said was an ex-convict, was arrested shortly after Schneider was found. Gleason was later released due to a complete lack of evidence, and stated that he originally ran from authorities because he had so often been arrested.
Lead investigators began to publicly speculate that the attack was related to the previous incidents involving Besumer and Maggio.
Joseph Romano and The Bruno Sisters
Joseph Romano was an elderly man living with his two nieces, Pauline and Mary Bruno. On the 10th. August 1918, Pauline and Mary awoke to the sound of a commotion in the adjoining room where their uncle resided. Upon entering the room, the sisters discovered that their uncle had taken a serious blow to his head, which resulted in two open cuts.
The assailant was fleeing the scene as they arrived, yet the girls were able to distinguish that he was a dark-skinned, heavy-set man, who wore a dark suit and slouched hat. Romano, although seriously injured, was able to walk to the ambulance once it arrived, yet died two days later due to severe head trauma.
The home had been ransacked, yet no items were stolen from Romano. Authorities found a bloody axe in the back yard, and discovered that a panel on the back door had been chiseled away.
The Romano murder created a state of extreme chaos in the city, with residents living in constant fear of an axeman attack. Police received a slew of reports, in which citizens claimed to have seen an axeman lurking in New Orleans neighborhoods. A few men even called to report that they had found axes in their back yards.
John Dantonio, a then-retired Italian detective, made public statements in which he hypothesized that the man who had committed the axeman murders was the same who had killed several individuals in 1911. The retired detective cited similarities in the manner by which the two sets of homicides had been committed, as reason to assume that they had been conducted by the same individual.
Dantonio described the potential killer as an individual of dual personalities, who killed without motive. This type of individual, Dantonio stated, could very likely have been a normal, law-abiding citizen, who was often overcome by an overwhelming desire to kill. He later went on to describe the killer as "A real-life Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde".
Charles, Rosie and Mary Cortimiglia
Charles Cortimiglia was an Italian immigrant who lived with his wife, Rosie, and infant daughter, Mary, on the corner of Jefferson Avenue and Second Street in Gretna, Louisiana, a New Orleans suburb across the Mississippi River.
On the night of the 10th. March 1919, screams were heard coming from the Cortimiglia residence. Grocer Iorlando Jordano rushed across the street to investigate. Upon his arrival, Jordano found that Charles Cortimiglia, his wife, and their daughter had all been attacked by the unknown intruder.
Rosie stood in the doorway with a serious head wound, clutching her deceased daughter. Charles lay on the floor, bleeding profusely. The couple was rushed to Charity Hospital, where it was discovered that both had suffered skull fractures.
Nothing was stolen from the house, but a panel on the back door had been chiseled away, and a bloody axe was found on the back porch of the home. Charles was released two days later, while his wife remained in the care of doctors.
Upon gaining full consciousness, Rosie made claims that Iorlando Jordano and his 18-year-old son, Frank, were responsible for the attacks. Iorlando, a 69-year-old man, was too ill to have committed the crimes. Frank Jordano, more than six feet tall and weighing over 200 pounds, would have been too large to have fit through the panel on the back door.
Charles Cortimiglia vehemently denied his wife's claims, yet police nonetheless arrested the two and charged them with the murder. The men would later be found guilty. Frank was sentenced to hang, and his father to life in prison.
Charles Cortimiglia divorced his wife after the trial. Almost a year later, Rosie announced that she had falsely accused the two out of jealousy and spite. Her statement was the only evidence against the Jordanos, and they were released from jail shortly thereafter.
Steve Boca
Steve Boca, a grocer, was attacked in his bedroom as he slept by an axe-wielding intruder on the 10th. August 1919. Boca awoke during the night to find a dark figure looming over his bed. Upon regaining consciousness, Boca ran into the street, and found that his head had been cracked open.
The grocer then ran to the home of his neighbor, Frank Genusa, where he lost consciousness and collapsed. Nothing had been taken from the home, yet, once again, a panel on the back door of the home had been chiseled away. Boca recovered from his injuries, but could not remember any details of the trauma. This attack took place after the emergence of the infamous axeman letter.
Sarah Laumann
Sarah Laumann was attacked on the night of the 3rd. September 1919. Neighbors came to check on the young woman, who had lived alone, and broke into the home when Laumann did not answer. They discovered the 19-year-old lying unconscious on her bed, suffering from a severe head injury and missing several teeth.
The intruder had entered the apartment through an open window, and attacked the woman with a blunt object. A bloody axe was discovered on the front lawn of the building. Laumann recovered from her injuries, yet couldn't recall any details from the attack.
Mike Pepitone
Mike Pepitone was attacked on the night of the 27th. October 1919. His wife was awakened by a noise and arrived at the door of his bedroom just as a large, axe-wielding man was fleeing the scene. Mike Pepitone had been struck in the head, and was covered in his own blood.
Blood splatter covered the majority of the room, including a painting of the Virgin Mary. Mrs. Pepitone, the mother of six children, was unable to describe any characteristics of the killer. The Pepitone murder was the last of the alleged axeman attacks.
Birds. White-faced whistling duck. Kruger National Park. Kruger Shalati: The Train on the Bridge. South Africa. May/2021
White-faced whistling duck
The white-faced whistling duck (Dendrocygna viduata) is a whistling duck that breeds in sub-Saharan Africa and much of South America.
This species is gregarious, and at favoured sites, the flocks of a thousand or more birds arriving at dawn are an impressive sight. As the name implies, these are noisy birds with a clear three-note whistling call
It has a long grey bill, a long head, and longish legs. It has a black neck and head, and distinctive white face that gives them their name, though the amount of white color visible has regional variations among the species. For example, the white-faced whistling ducks with more black coloration are commonly found in western Africa where rainfall superceeds the dry season. The back and wings are dark brown to black, and the underparts are black with a fine white barring on the flanks. The neck is chestnut. Males and females have similar plumage. Juveniles are similar in color to adults, but have a much less contrasted head pattern.
Source: Wikipedia
Pato-Assobiador-de-faces-Brancas ou Irerê
A Dendrocygna viduata, popularmente irerê ou Pato-Assobiador-de-faces-Brancas, é uma espécie de marreca encontrada na África tropical, nas Antilhas e na América do Sul. Tais aves medem cerca de 44 centímetros de comprimento e têm plumagem em máscara, calça e luva brancas, nuca e asas negras, flancos listrados, bicos e pés plúmbeos.[3]
A ave, que comumente é chamada irerê, pertencente à ordem Anseriforme e família Anatidae, é também é conhecido como paturi, marrecão (Rio Grande do Sul) e siriri ou marreca-viúva (Paraíba). Na fauna nacional, podemos citar o D. viduata como um dos patos mais conhecidos, tanto por sua beleza ou pela sua característica de se aproximar muito das áreas urbanizadas, além do seu canto típico e incomparável
Suas características físicas os deixam claramente reconhecíveis. A face apresenta uma máscara branca que contrasta com o pescoço negro e bico cor de chumbo. Sua penugem peitoral é em castanho, enquanto que o restante do corpo é estriado em branco e preto por listras finas. Em voo nota-se suas asas escuras na região ventral.
Com relação à alimentação, assim como os outros patos e marrecos, este também se alimenta basicamente de plantas aquáticas e gramíneas das margens de lagos, enriquecendo sua alimentação ocasionalmente com invertebrados aquáticos, pequenos peixes e girinos. Os hábitos do D. viduata o permitem viver em qualquer corpo d’água ao longo de toda sua distribuição geográfica, que vai da Argentina até a América Central. Curiosamente esta espécie pode ser avistada também na África Ocidental.
Fonte: Wikipedia
Kruger Shalati
Kruger Shalati: The Train on the Bridge. One of the most anticipated and exciting new offerings coming to the iconic Kruger National Park, South Africa. A perfect combination of Africa’s most breathtaking natural splendours with well-deserved luxuries aboard a newly refurbished train that’s reminiscent of African excellence.
Permanently stationed on the historically-rich Selati Bridge above the Sabie River, Kruger Shalati will offer the most unique luxury accommodation in a re-envisioned train which will pay homage to the guests who explored the park nearly 100 years ago while welcoming new explorers from near and far. The train celebrates where the first visits to the iconic park were allowed in the early 1920s, the train would park overnight in the exact spot where Kruger Shalati will be positioned.
Offering 31 rooms, consisting of 24 carriage rooms and 7 Bridge House rooms, all of which will provide a deeply visceral experience, tailored for immersive comfort. Whether you’re looking for a one-of-a-kind adventure, an enthralling break or to simply immerse yourself in earth’s finest creations, Kruger Shalati looks forward to welcoming you on a journey of discovery with nature in the most extraordinary way imaginable.
Source: www.krugershalati.com
Kruger Shalati: O trem na ponte. Uma das novas ofertas mais esperadas e emocionantes que chegam ao icônico Parque Nacional Kruger, na África do Sul. Uma combinação perfeita dos esplendores naturais mais deslumbrantes da África com luxos bem merecidos a bordo de um trem recém-reformado que lembra a excelência africana.
Permanentemente estacionado na histórica Ponte Selati acima do Rio Sabie, Kruger Shalati oferecerá a acomodação de luxo mais exclusiva em um trem reformulado que homenageará os hóspedes que exploraram o parque há quase 100 anos, enquanto recebe novos exploradores. O trem celebra onde as primeiras visitas ao parque icônico foram permitidas no início dos anos 1920, o trem estacionaria durante a noite no local exato onde Kruger Shalati será posicionado.
Oferecendo 31 quartos, consistindo de 24 quartos de carruagem e 7 quartos Bridge House, todos os quais proporcionarão uma experiência profundamente visceral, adaptada para um conforto imersivo. Esteja você procurando por uma aventura única, uma pausa cativante ou simplesmente mergulhar nas melhores criações da terra, Kruger Shalati espera recebê-lo em uma jornada de descoberta com a natureza da maneira mais extraordinária que se possa imaginar.
Fonte: www.krugershalati.com (tradução livre)
Kruger National Park
Kruger National Park is one of the largest game reserves in Africa. It covers an area of around 20,000 square kilometres in the provinces of Limpopo and Mpumalanga in northeastern South Africa, and extends 360 kilometres (220 mi) from north to south and 65 kilometres (40 mi) from east to west.
Source: Wikipedia
Parque Nacional Kruger
O Parque Nacional Kruger é a maior área protegida de fauna bravia da África do Sul, cobrindo cerca de 20 000 km2. Está localizado no nordeste do país, nas províncias de Mpumalanga e Limpopo e tem uma extensão de cerca de 360 km de norte a sul e 65 km de leste a oeste.
Os parques nacionais africanos, nas regiões da savana africana são importantes pelo turismo com safári de observação e fotográfico.
O seu nome foi dado em homenagem a Stephanus Johannes Paul Kruger, último presidente da República Sul-Africana bôere. Foi criado em 31 de Maio de 1926
Fonte: Wikipedia
as the name implies, on the town square in Franklin, Ky
The courthouse lawn was overrun with teens, moreso than I've seen in any other city I've been to. While I was taking this photo, there was a teen couple making out pretty heavily in a gazebo on the square while a couple of boys were heckling me, the dorky photographer. I'm glad I've reached the age where I don't care what teens think about me. :)
Photo and poem written by me titled: The Cavern
In the heart of shadows, where darkness resides,
A cavern softly lit, where whispers weave tales,
Sitting in its opening, embraced by the calm,
I feel the echoes of silence, reverberate around.
Stalactites glisten like stars, dropping their tears,
Their gentle drips echo, a melody in the expanse.
The scent of ancient earth, musky and pure,
Mingles with dreams obscure, as I breathe deeply.
In the distance, a soft rustle, a whispered song,
Life in darkness is never long, a reminder.
Creatures unseen move with grace, navigating,
Mysteries that this cavern holds, pondering.
In the depths of introspection, I surrender,
In the embrace of shadows, finding light.
Here, amidst tranquil glow, I find sanctuary,
A haven of peace within this sacred space.
Where secrets unfold, buried beneath the stone,
In this timeless dance, where I am not alone.
You need to put her clothes somewhere that they can be easily tossed back. And nobody wants to put on a bra that has prickly thingies on it.
The top of a tripod that was, at that point in time, not being used, works.
This, I found to be quite silly. So I had to take a picture. :)
Word from Spiralz: "Brapod"
Wind.
Wind makes waves. Waves run perpendicular on the wind's direction. Windsurfing is always done half wind. Half wind courses lay parallel with the tubes the waves make at open ocean. Perfect. Pythogaros' law is also to be used. Next to Pythagoras, also Isaac Newton laws are used in the windurfformula: action equals with reaction, because there is no arm working between the two forces, or, no capsizing couple between to two forces.
High winds, big waves, big stable sailing spailboats imply energy.
Cars, next part:
Since the arrival of the clutch pedal, we have two types of drivers. One type knows nothing about this so-called double clutching and takes turns always in the wrong gear, while the revolutions of the engine are too low for the lower gear. The difference in revolutions of the engine and the revolutions of the gear box is settled by the clutch plates. This has an evil consequence, because all these ignorant drivers together are wearing out the clutch plates unnecessarily. Frequent replacement of all those worn out clutch plates takes enormous amounts of steel. And the production of steel is bad for the environment. The other type, mostly (old) truckers, rally drivers and racing car drivers, just use only the left pedal to put the gear stick in the neutral position, while they break with their right foot at the same time.
At the moment the the stick is in neutral position, the right foot measures the exact amount of gas, to drive up the revolutions of the engine, in order to equalize it with the revolutions of the gear box in the lower gear. Once this is accomplished, in a split second!, the driver pulls the stick instantly into the lower gear, without pushing the clutch pedal (slipping the clutch). Pushing the clutch pedal is not necessary anymore, because the two coupling plates have the same revolutions. This is actually the technique of motoring.
Procedure during breaking and taking a slow curve:
The clutch plates are disconnected, and for this the driver uses the left foot. At the same time the car is slowed down by the drivers right foot. The driver can not let go of the break, so that the amount of gas in the neutral position has to be realized by also the right foot. The small amount of extra gas in the neutral position drives up the revolutions of the engine, and because there is no traction right now, this amount of gas will leave the cylinders very much unburnt, and by doing so, it lubricates the cylinders. The engine becomes faster, and more efficient and cleaner as a result. As a consequence the engine also gets more power. This is caused by the lubrication between the pistons and the cylinders.
Getting into higher gears, during acceleration, is less complicated, because the revolutions of every next gear are lower. Take for example the changing of the gears during 100 km / hr, from third gear to the fourth gear. Let us assume that at this speed the revolutions of the engine in third gear are 4000 rpm and in fourth gear 3000 rpm. During the period that the gear stick is the neutral position, the revolutions of the engine drop, so that the moment of changing gears is a matter of paying attention. Or a matter of listening, as they did in early days. As soon as the revolutions drop from 4000 rpm to 3000 rpm, the driver pulls the stick instantly to fourth gear. And, once again, without using the clutch pedal.
Operating an engine properly is like loving your engine. Once motorists know that the actual competition is based on the driving skill, especially on curvy roads, then they can more easily hold back on the freeways. Because they will found out that pushing the gas pedal on straight roads is an act of stupidness and a misplaced showing off of supremacy. Let me give an example. In sailing boat races -regattas-, in where all comparators have the same boat, it is the skill and the intelligence of the sailors that matters. And, in a regatta with different sailing boats, each boat has a s-called handicap indicator. So, even when the biggest boat with the most sails has the line honors, the calculation on the hand of the handicap indicators decides who the actual winner is.
Learning this driving skill is to be done by using pen and paper. Note at each speed, in each gear, the rpm of the engine. To be seen at rev-counter the dashboard, next to the speedometer. For example: note in second gear, at 40 km / hr, 2500 rpm. In third, at 40 km / hr, 1500 rpm, etc. One will see that during normal driving the difference in revolutions between two successive gears is approximately 1000 rpm. The amount of gas, in the neutral position of the gear stick, during slowing down is therefor in most of cases is only around the 1000 rpm. When drivers learn to do this, the consequence is that the clutch plates no longer rub unnecessarily. This is good for the environment and for our health. Changing gears with too few, or too many, revolutions of the engine, with respect to the revolutions of the specific gear is an expression of contempt towards the environment and our health, because it shortens the life of the gear box. We therefore need to replace the clutch plates more often, and therefore we need to produce more steel, and this steel production is bad for the environment and our health.
And, when drivers know how to take a turn, they successively will find out the fun of it. They find out that it is not the size of the engine that matters, but the technique that is thrilling. When I speak for myself, I always dare the fast cars at curvy roads in cities at night. Half way cornering, they look perplex to my much smaller car passing them, because where they are always in the wrong gear, I am giving them the sound of the double clutching, which is the racing sound and the sound of the after burning in the exhaust of the amount of fuel given in the neutral position of the gear stick.
In order to master this original art of motoring one must firstly practice the (double) clutching procedure at low speeds during a lot of years. In cities and villages is the average speed of making a turn approximately 30, 40 up to 50 km/hr. Let us now assume that put the environment and our health at the top of our priorities. Then we can say, that only when a driver knows how to change gears without rubbing the clutch plates over each other, he /she is allowed to approach a bend with an higher speed than 40 to 50 km / hr. This way drivers do not need to change gears. And so there is no rubbing of the clutch plates. So, if we hypothetically assume that the environment and our health comes first, then this implies that one cannot drive everywhere faster than 40 to 50 km/hr in cities and villages, because only at these speeds drivers do not need to change gears. The result is then, that all cars just drive at a even speed. In addition, in the future it is then a small and easy step to adjust the traffic lights, so that the main stream keeps on driving. Even the speeds can be coordinated by means of a series satellites, which provide the motorists with exactly the speed to use.
Driving at these regulated / imposed speeds will cause us to pollute much less, than we do now. The motorists loose, as a consequence their freedom. And that is logical, because they have proved not to be able handle that former freedom. I think, that if people know that a large part of the emissions and greenhouse gas is actually not necessary, it is a small step to adopt a law by a majority of votes, which law takes away the freedom of the motorists. This law contains: everywhere in the city a maximum speed of 40 up to 50 km/hr, and everywhere around cities a maximum of 60 a 70km/hr, with the exception of the bottlenecks and merging lanes: where motorist should drive 120 km/hr. The use of cars in this way, becomes equivalent to public transportations. In this way the common people have the same destiny as the rich, with equality as a result and at the foundation of this new traffic law.
A great deal of green house gasses are made by the rich, by the people who do not behave themselves on the roads and by not developed driving skills. We live in democracies. We can now prove that motorists cannot drive properly. Before they can, a learning process is necessary. During the learning process, in which they learn to change gears without wearing out the clutch plates unnecessarily and in which learning period they learn that it makes no sense to precede / approach a traffic-jam at 140km/hr, it is wise to conclude that the driving speed has to be brought down, by law.
It seems clear to me, that every driver in urban traffic has to let go of the gas for making turns. Motorists then can take turns without clutching. This is possible, because of the current overcapacity of the engine contents. Third gear will stand for slow acceleration after each curve. Automatically, the motorists who wants to master the double clutching, do not need to slow down, break with the right foot and are therefore able to give a bit of gas with the right foot, in the neutral position of the gear stick, in order to try to equalize the revolutions with the desired revolutions in second gear. So, with lower speeds, a lot of drivers can master the skill of driving, and those who do not want to learn, just keep on going in third gear, before, during and after the turn. Slow speeds in cities mean less breaking, and less wearing out of the clutch plates. There will be less fine particles coming from breaks.
Over approximately twenty years there will be electric cars and on hydrogen running engines, and as the road network widens, it is possible the raise speed limit again. First of all, we need to know how to drive and that is acquiring knowledge.
It is, with this knowledge in mind, very stupid to approach a curve at high speeds, without knowing what to do during the taking of the curve. Most people still break abruptly, and they forget to give a measured quantity of gas in the neutral position of the gear stick, before they shift to a lower gear. The clutch plates settle the differences between the revolutions of the engine and the revolutions of the lower gear. Not only does this show a lack of inexperience, it wears out the clutch plates. Double clutching is not easy, but doable and very desirable.
Considered scientifically, it is agonizing to observe that the major part of the motorists can not see the simple fact, that it makes no sense to overtake each other during the peak hours, and that they not even know how to make a turn. Both on the freeways as in the city, the present driving behavior show a lack of inexperience and ignorance. In the interest of the environment we must learn. Technique have to be developed, instead of bruit strength. The only solution against wasting fuel and reduction of clogging is judiciously use.
Getting into higher gears, during acceleration, is less complicated, because the revolutions of every next gear are lower. Take for example the changing of the gears during 100 km / hr, from third gear to the fourth gear. Let us assume that at this speed the revolutions of the engine in third gear are 4000 rpm and in fourth gear 3000 rpm. During the period that the gear stick is the neutral position, the revolutions of the engine drop, so that the moment of changing gears is a matter of paying attention. Or a matter of listening, as they did in early days. As soon as the revolutions drop from 4000 rpm to 3000 rpm, the driver pulls the stick instantly to fourth gear. And, once again, without using the clutch pedal.
Operating an engine properly is like loving your engine. Once motorists know that the actual competition is based on the driving skill, especially on curvy roads, then they can more easily hold back on the freeways. Because they will found out that pushing the gas pedal on straight roads is an act of stupidness and a misplaced showing off of supremacy. Let me give an example. In sailing boat races -regattas-, in where all comparators have the same boat, it is the skill and the intelligence of the sailors that matters. And, in a regatta with different sailing boats, each boat has a so-called handicap indicator. So, even when the biggest boat with the most sails has the line honors, the calculation on the hand of the handicap indicators decides who the actual winner is.
Learning this driving skill is to be done by using pen and paper. Note at each speed, in each gear, the rpm of the engine. To be seen at rev-counter the dashboard, next to the speedometer. For example: note in second gear, at 40 km / hr, 2500 rpm. In third, at 40 km / hr, 1500 rpm, etc. One will see that during normal driving the difference in revolutions between two successive gears is approximately 1000 rpm. The amount of gas, in the neutral position of the gear stick, during slowing down is therefor in most of cases is only around the 1000 rpm. When drivers learn to do this, the consequence is that the clutch plates no longer rub unnecessarily. This is well for the environment and for our health. Changing gears with too few, or too many, revolutions of the engine, with respect to the revolutions of the specific gear is an expression of contempt towards the environment and our health, because it shortens the life of the gear box. We therefore need to replace the clutch plates more often, and therefore we need to produce more steel, and this steel production is bad for the environment and our health.
And, when drivers know how to take a turn, they successively will find out the fun of it. They find out that it is not the size of the engine that matters, but the technique that is thrilling. When I speak for myself, I always dare the fast cars at curvy roads in cities at night. Half way cornering, they look perplex to my much smaller car passing them, because where they are always in the wrong gear, I am giving them the sound of the double clutching, which is the racing sound and the sound of the after burning in the exhaust of the amount of fuel given in the neutral position of the gear stick.
In order to master this original art of motoring one must firstly practice the (double) clutching procedure at low speeds during a lot of years. In cities and villages is the average speed of making a turn approximately 30, 40 up to 50 km/hr. Let us now assume that put the environment and our health at the top of our priorities. Then we can say, that only when a driver knows how to change gears without rubbing the clutch plates over each other, he /she is allowed to approach a bend with higher speeds than 40 to 50 km / hr. The drivers do not need to break at low speeds and therefore the right foot is free to give gas in the neutral position of the gear stick. And so there is no rubbing of the clutch plates while they change into a lower gear.
So, if we hypothetically assume that the environment and our health comes first, then this implies that drivers may not drive everywhere faster than 40 to 50 km/hr in cities and villages, because only at these speeds drivers do not need to change gears and can learn the art of double clutching. The result of low speeds speeds in cities is then, that all cars just drive at an even speed. In addition, in the future it is then a small and easy step to adjust the traffic lights, so that the main stream keeps on driving. Even the speeds can be coordinated by means of a series satellites, which provide the motorists with exactly the speed to use.
Measured and from above regulated / imposed speeds pollute much less, than such as we do now. The motorists loose, as a consequence their freedom. And that is logical, because they have proved not to be able handle that former freedom. I think, that if people know that a large part of the emissions and greenhouse gas is actually not necessary, it is a small step to adopt a law by a majority of votes, which law takes away the freedom of the motorists. This law contains: everywhere in the city a maximum speed of 40 up to 50 km/hr, and everywhere around cities a maximum of 60 a 70km/hr, with the exception of the bottlenecks and merging lanes: where motorist should drive 120 km/hr. The usage of cars becomes this way equivalently to public transportations. It is then this way that the common people have the same destiny as the rich, with equality as a result and at the foundation of this new traffic law.
A great deal of green house gasses is made by the rich, by the people who behave themselves a-social on the roads and by not developed driving skills. We live in democracies. We can now prove that motorists cannot drive properly and before they can, a learning process is necessary. During the learning process, in which they learn to change gears without wearing out the clutch plates unnecessarily and in which learning period they learn that it has no sense to precede / approach a traffic-jam with 140km/hr, it is wise to conclude that the driving speed has to be brought down, by law.
You see: the change of one single law / legislation, allowing the introduction of technology to allow retracting and extending, spoilers on cars, which may lead to reform of the major industries.
Read further on next slide.
Conclusion, also printed at end on next page.
I now want to take you all the way. I want (and I know how the subject of this script: turbo windmills and spailboats) to generate energy by using the high winds, both close to the arctic areas and near where we live, spailcrafts and turbo wind mills, in combination the exploitation of the low wind regime by conventional wind turbines and conventional modern sailing boats. So, by combining the use of all sorts of wind converters, the wind is for use everywhere in the world and its operational window covers from 2 bft until 12 bft.
The wind is therefore now a reliable energy source. A reliable energy source was the reason of why the industrial revolution took off. Any wind, up to 12 bft, is to be converted into spinning axles, which produce firstly electricity, and in addition hydrogen, nitrogen and / or presses the ordinary air in pressure tanks. We then bring these gasses to where we live with special tankers,while these tankers are propelled with motors running on these gasses. Back home we use for example the hydrogen to drive hydrogen engines. If we now hypothetically assume that we can work with spoilers on freeways, then we have plastic autos that run on hydrogen, while the spoilers retract and extend with pressurized nitrogen. The oil companies now provide oil as a construction material for the construction of spailboats, turbo wind mills, ordinary wind turbines, ordinary sail boats, tankers, airplanes, cars, trains, buses anything that moves et cetera. The means of transport is particularly hydrogen, which has been generated close the arctic poles and brought to where we live, in plastic tankers and special wheeled carriers.
You must be aware that the energy source is endless, so that the huge motors for the big carriers can be fed with endlessly amounts of clean hydrogen and / pressurized air.
The condition for harvesting the endless energy source is to build turbo windmills and spailboats first. Then we have hydrogen in huge quantities. With endlessly amounts of hydrogen, we do not need oil for the engines, and so we can use it for making plastic cars, with retractable and extendable spoilers.
In my picture of the future, we no longer burn the oil and coals and natural gas. Neither do we need nuclear power.
The End
Or should I say The Beginning!