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La garnatxa és una varietat de cep negra que dóna un raïm de taula i vinífer. Els gotims són compactes i el gra és ovalat, dolç i de color morat.
És sensible a les humitats i a les boires de primavera, però s'adapta bé en zones assolellades, airejades i no massa altes. És la varietat mediterrània més cultivada arreu del món, utilitzada pràcticament a totes les denominacions d'origen de Catalunya, inclosa la Catalunya del Nord, i a Requena.
El nom procedeix de Vernazza, població de la Ligúria. L'origen és incert. Podria ser de l'Aragó i de fet a La Rioja es coneix com a tinta aragonesa. A Sardenya es discuteix si la garnatxa va ser introduïda pels catalans o si la garnatxa catalana deriva d'una varietat prèvia de l'illa. Altres noms són: garnatxo o garnatjo al Maresme i la Catalunya del Nord, gironet a la Marina Alta, lledoner a l'Empordà, granatxa al Priorat, vernatxa al Maestrat i Terres de l'Ebre, negrella a València, canonau a l'Alguer, cannonau en sard, i grenache a França, Califòrnia i Austràlia. També s'anomena garnatxa negra o garnatxa del país quan cal distingir-la de les altres varietats:
Garnatxa blanca o alacantí.
Garnatxa tintera o alacant.
Garnatxa peluda.
En 1020, Bernard Taillefer, comte de Besalu, lègue par testament ses terres à son fils Guilhem, parmi lesquelles le Fenouillèdes et le Peyrepertusès, qui se terminaient aux frontières du Roussillon et du Narbonnais et jusqu'au « puy » d'Aguilar. Cet acte ne mentionne pas la présence d'un « castrum ». Il faut donc situer postérieurement l'époque où il fut construit. Primitivement dans la mouvance des comtes catalans, il devint à la fin du XIe siècle, possession de la maison de Carcassonne. Tenu dès le début du XIIe siècle par les seigneurs de Termes, vassaux de Trencavel, il fut, au moment de la croisade contre les Albigeois, lié à l'implacable fatalité qui scella leur destin.
Frankreich / Provence - Cassis
Cassis (French pronunciation: [kasi]; Occitan: Cassís) is a commune situated east of Marseille in the department of Bouches-du-Rhône in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region, whose coastline is known in English as the French Riviera, in Southern France.
It is a popular tourist destination, famous for its cliffs (falaises) and the sheltered inlets called calanques. The wines of Cassis are white and rosé, and not to be confused with crème de cassis, a specialty of Burgundy which takes its name from blackcurrants (cassis), not the commune. It is a filming location featured in The French Connection, notably for heroin smuggler Alain Charnier's house.
Geography
The town is situated on the Mediterranean coast, about 20 kilometres (12+1⁄2 miles) east of Marseille. Cap Canaille, 394 metres (1,293 feet), between Cassis and La Ciotat ("the civitas") is one of the highest maritime bluffs in Europe, a sailor's landmark for millennia. It is east of Marseille and in the department of Bouches-du-Rhône.
One of its main beaches, called "Bestouan", is made cooler by a karstic source.
History
The present site of Cassis was first occupied between 600 and 500 BC by the Ligures, who constructed a fortified dwelling at the top of the Baou Redon. These people lived by fishing, hunting, and farming.
The current site of Cassis could have been inhabited by the Greeks, though no proof has yet been found.
During Roman times, Cassis was part of the maritime route made by the Emperor Antoninus Pius. It was a small village, established mainly around the Arena and Corton beaches. The principal livelihood was fishing and maritime trade with North Africa and the Middle East. Several archaeological discoveries attest to this.
From the 5th to the 10th centuries AD, invasions by foreign tribes led the population to seek refuge in the castrum, a fortified city that, in 1223, became the property of the Seigneurie des Les Baux-de-Provence.
In the 15th century, Cassis was ceded to the Counts of Provence; then René of Anjou gave the town to the Bishops of Marseille, who ruled the town until the Revolution of 1789.
Industrial Revolution
In the eighteenth century, Cassis started to develop outside the ramparts of the fortified city and around the port. After the Bourbon Restoration, new industries developed here, including the drying of cod, the manufacture of olive oil and clothing, coral work, wine-making and the exploitation of local stone (cement, limestone). Stone of Cassis, which was quarried here since antiquity made the town famous. It has been used for the quays of the large Mediterranean ports (Alexandria, Algiers, Piraeus, Marseille, and Port Said). A claim that it was used for the base of the Statue of Liberty in New York City gained wide circulation but has been proved apocryphal. Today, the stone is used more for domestic purposes such as the construction of sinks and fireplaces.
In the twentieth century, as these industries began to disappear, the workforce turned to tourism and wine making. Cassis was one of the first three vineyards to profit from the appellation d'origine contrôlée (label of controlled origin) introduced in 1936.
Origin of the name
The oldest form is Tutelæ Charsitanæ, attested since the first century. It then drifts into Carsicis (15th century) and Castrum Cassitis (1323). These place names suggest a Car-s theme derived from the pre-Indo-European *Kar meaning stone or rock, to which has been added the suffix -ite. The French language has retained the Provençal Cassis spelling, which is identical in both the classical and Mistralian standards.
The final "s" is not pronounced in the local variant of Provençal, unlike other dialects. The pronunciation of the final "s" is found in the motto of the city, which rhymes Paris, Cassis and the word 'vist' with one another (pronunciation in Provençal "mistralien": /pa.ʁis/, /ka.sis/, /vis/). In French, both pronunciations occur.
The Provençal motto of the commune attributed to Frédéric Mistral is "Qu'a vist Paris, se noun a vist Cassis, n'a rèn vist", which means "Who has seen Paris and not Cassis, has not seen anything".
(Wikipedia)
Cassis [kaˈsi oder auch kaˈsis] ist eine französische Stadtgemeinde mit 6706 Einwohnern (Stand 1. Januar 2022) im Département Bouches-du-Rhône (13) in der Region Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur. Sie gehört zum Arrondissement Marseille und zum Kanton La Ciotat. Cassis ist ein Hauptakteur in der Entwicklung des Nationalparks Calanques.
Geografie
Lage
Die Kleinstadt befindet sich am Mittelmeer in einer Bucht der Calanque-Küste zwischen Marseille (30 km) und Toulon (42 km).
Verkehr
Von Marseille führt die Departementsstraße D 559 über den Pass Col de la Gineste nach Cassis. Eine im Jahre 1969 eröffnete kleinere Bergstraße, die Route des Crêtes, führt entlang der Steilküste weiter nach La Ciotat. Von dieser Panoramastraße hat man einen weiten Blick auf das Meer. Der bekannteste Felsen auf dem Weg ist das Cap Canaille.
Weiter im Landesinnern führt die Autobahn A 50 bei Cassis vorbei. Der Autobahnanschluss liegt etwa fünf Kilometer vom Ortszentrum entfernt.
Die Stadt verfügt auch über einen Bahnhof der französischen Staatsbahn SNCF an der Bahnstrecke Marseille–Ventimiglia, der sich ca. 2 km außerhalb (nördlich) des Ortes befindet. Der Bahnhof wird ausschließlich von Nahverkehrszügen bedient, hingegen nicht von den ebenfalls diese Strecke befahrenden Hochgeschwindigkeitszügen (TGV). Vom Bahnhof zum Ortskern besteht eine Pendelbusverbindung mit einer Fahrzeit von rund 15 Minuten.
Der Hafen wird nicht von Kursschiffen bedient. Er wird von Privatbooten, kleinen Fischerbooten und Ausflugsschiffen zu den Calanques genutzt. Ein weiterer Hafen für 500 Boote liegt in Port-Miou.
Klima und Vegetation
Die jährliche Sonnenscheindauer beträgt ca. 3000 Stunden und die Niederschlagsmenge ca. 600 Millimetern pro Jahr. Der Boden ist, besonders wenn der Mistral weht, sehr trocken. Die Landschaft rund um den Ort wird von Reben, hauptsächlich aber von der immergrünen, sekundär entstandenen Gebüschformation der Garrigue geprägt, da ein Waldbrand am 21. August 1990 rund 3.500 Hektar Wald vernichtete. Die weitere Vegetation ist an die salzhaltige oder trocken-heiße Umgebung besonders angepasst. Man findet vor allem Buschvegetation, die aus Kermes-Eichen, Rosmarin, Felsenbirne (Amelanchier) und Schneeball (lorbeerblättriger Schneeball, Laurier tin, Viburnum tinus) sowie gelegentlich aus Steineichen und verschiedenen Kiefern besteht.
Geschichte
rste Zeugen menschlicher Besiedelung gehen auf das 5. Jahrhundert v. Chr. zurück. Wahrscheinlich war die Bucht auch zur griechischen Zeit besiedelt. Im römischen Reich gehörte das Gebiet zur Provinz Gallia Narbonensis. Cassis wird als Carsici auch auf dem Itinerarium Antonini des 3. Jahrhunderts erwähnt. Das Dorf dürfte daraufhin über mindestens 1.200 Jahre das politische Schicksal der südlichen Provence geteilt haben.
Im Mittelalter befand sich Cassis auf einer erhöhten Stelle, die heute château (Burg) genannt wird. Auf Grund von Barbareneinfällen flüchtete sich die Bevölkerung auf diese erhöhte Stelle. Diese Siedlung wurde 1223 in die Herrschaft Baux-de-Provence einverleibt. Im 15. Jahrhundert gelangte Cassis nach dem Aussterben der Familie Baux an die Grafschaft Provence, bevor es nach dem Tode des Grafen René von Anjou und dessen kinderlosen Erben 1481 französisch wurde. König Ludwig XI. gab Cassis den Bischöfen von Marseille zu Lehen. Diese regierten Cassis bis zur Französischen Revolution.
Die heutige Altstadt wurde im 18. Jahrhundert am Hafen erbaut und die befestigte Siedlung auf dem Hügel wurde allmählich aufgegeben. Der verheerenden Pestepidemie von 1720 wird noch heute alljährlich gedacht. Im Februar 1794 übernachtete General Bonaparte auf einer Inspektionsreise in Cassis.
Im 19. Jahrhundert siedelten sich einige kleine Industriebetriebe an, darunter besonders solche im Steinbruch- und Zementgewerbe. Der Ort verfügt heute kaum noch über nennenswerte Industriebetriebe, seit 2006 eine Tresorfabrik nach Osteuropa verlagert wurde.
Sehenswürdigkeiten
Schloss (château): Befestigter Ort des 14. Jahrhunderts, im 19. Jahrhundert verfallen, heute ausgebaut zu Luxusferienwohnungen. Das Gelände ist heute in Privatbesitz und kann nicht besichtigt werden.
Rathaus (hôtel de ville): Bau aus dem 16. Jahrhundert mit großer Treppe und salon d’honneur (Ehrensaal). Reste einer Küche aus dem Mittelalter.
Kirche Saint-Michel: Erbaut zwischen 1859 und 1867 aus Cassis-Stein in neoromanischem Stil mit drei Schiffen.
La Prud’homie: Im Jahr 1791 eingerichtetes Fischereigericht. In einer Nische steht die Statue des Hl. Petrus, die an der jährlichen Prozession der fête des pêcheurs durch die Straßen von Cassis getragen wird.
Maison de l’Europe: Gebäude des 17. Jahrhunderts mit klassizistischer Fassade von 1808. Monumentales, denkmalgeschütztes Treppenhaus.
Villa Ariane: Elegantes Anwesen aus dem 19. Jahrhundert mit Garten im griechischen Stil und kleinem Amphitheater. Ab Ende der 1920er-Jahre im Besitz des Malers, Schauspielers und Mäzens Jerome Hill, nach dessen Tod Eigentum der Camargo Foundation.
Veranstaltungen
Ein immer noch bedeutendes Fest im Jahreskalender ist das Fest der Fischer, auch Fête de la Saint-Pierre et de la Mer genannt. Es findet Ende Juni statt.
Jeweils am ersten Sonntag im September wird das Winzerfest gefeiert.
Zweimal pro Woche wird ein Gemüsemarkt auf der Place Baragnon abgehalten; jeden Samstag findet auf der Place Clémenceau der marché paysan, ein – frei übersetzt – saisonaler Wochenmarkt statt. In der französischen Ferienzeit zwischen dem 1. Juli und dem 31. August gibt es abendlich auf beiden Plätzen, von 18:00 Uhr bis Mitternacht, einen Nachtmarkt, auf dem Bekleidung, Schmuck und anderes feilgeboten wird.
Seit 1979 ist Cassis am letzten Oktobersonntag Zielort von Marseille – Cassis, einem der populärsten Volks- und Straßenläufe Frankreichs.
Wirtschaft
Steinbrüche
Der helle Kalkstein von Cassis wurde bereits in der Antike abgebaut. 1720 wurde wieder mit dem Abbau begonnen. Der Stein aus Cassis war aus zwei Gründen beliebt: einerseits ist er recht widerstandsfähig gegen Witterungseinflüsse, andererseits war der Transport aus den am Meer gelegenen Steinbrüchen per Schiff vergleichsweise kostengünstig. Steine aus Cassis wurden für den Hafenbau von Marseille und Alexandria verwendet. Die letzten Steinbrüche wurden in den 1980er-Jahren geschlossen.
Fischerei
Die Fischerei ist heute unbedeutend; nur noch ein halbes Dutzend Berufsfischer fahren auf das Meer. Bis zum Aufkommen des Tourismus bedeutete die Fischerei aber eine der Haupteinnahmequellen von Cassis. Immer noch wird täglich der Fang des Tages im Hafen verkauft. Dort steht auch die Statue des kleinen Sardellenfischers Calendal nach einem Motiv des Dichters Frédéric Mistral. Wie in vielen kleinen Häfen am Mittelmeer so drängen auch in Cassis die Yachten und Segelboote die kleinen Fischerboote zurück – höhere Liegeplatzgebühren, verbunden mit Wassersporttourismus, sind auch eine Einnahmequelle für die Kommune.
Weinbaugebiet
Der Weinbau ist in Cassis seit mindestens dem 12. Jahrhundert nachweisbar. Nachdem Ende des 19. Jahrhunderts durch die Reblauskatastrophe sämtliche Reben eingingen, wird der Weinbau erst seit Mitte des 20. Jahrhunderts wieder in bedeutendem Umfang gepflegt.
Das 196 Hektar große Weinbaugebiet von Cassis hat seit dem 15. Mai 1936 den Status einer Appellation d’Origine Contrôlée (AOC). Der Wein wird auf zwölf Domänen gekeltert. Die Lagen sind in Richtung Süden ausgerichtet. Es wird sowohl Weißwein (Anteil etwa 80 Prozent), Rotwein (Anteil etwa 15 Prozent) und Roséwein (Anteil etwa fünf Prozent) erzeugt.
Rot-/Roséwein: Der Rotwein sowie der Rosé von Cassis besteht aus den Rebsorten Barbaroux, Carignan, Cinsault, Grenache und Mourvèdre. Daneben ist noch die Sorte Terret Noir zugelassen. Der Anteil der letzten Sorte beträgt höchstens fünf Prozent. Aufgrund des großen Anteils an Mourvèdre sind die Weine kräftig sowie reich an Tanninen.
Weißwein: Der Weißwein von Cassis besteht aus den Rebsorten Clairette Blanche und Marsanne blanche. Seit 2005 muss der Anteil dieser beiden Sorten zusammen mindestens 60 Prozent betragen. Daneben sind noch in geringem Umfang die Sorten Bourboulenc (hier Doucillon genannt), Pascal Blanc, Sauvignon Blanc, Terret Blanc und Ugni Blanc zugelassen.
Tourismus
Cassis lebt heute hauptsächlich vom Tourismus, der seit der zweiten Hälfte des 20. Jahrhunderts allmählich an die Stelle von Industrie und Gewerbe getreten ist. Es gibt gut ein Dutzend Hotels, davon nur wenige größere, die sich alle relativ diskret in das Ortsbild einfügen. Fünf Bed and Breakfast und zahlreiche Ferienwohnungen bieten ebenfalls Unterkunft. Rund 3 km vom Ort entfernt liegt eine Jugendherberge. Außerdem gibt es einen Campingplatz Les Cigales im Norden nahe der Straße D559.
Cassis verfügt über ein Museum (Musée municipal méditerranéen d’art et traditions populaires), eine Spielbank (casino) und zahlreiche Kunstgalerien.
Von Cassis aus fahren in den Frühjahrs- bis Herbstmonaten mehrmals stündlich Boote zu Besichtigungsfahrten in die Calanques aus. Am häufigsten besucht werden die drei am nächsten gelegenen Calanques von Port-Miou, Port-Pin und En-Vau. Eine Calanque ist ein vom Meer überschwemmtes steiles Flusstal. Cassis ist aber auch berühmt für Tauchferien, da das Wasser in den Calanques sehr klar ist. Es gibt zwei öffentliche überwachte Strände, den Sandstrand Plage de la Grande Mer und den Kiesstrand Plage du Bestouan; ferner kann in drei weiteren nicht überwachten Buchten oder auf den Klippen gebadet werden.
Im Herbst und Frühjahr sind die Wanderwege rund um die Calanques zugänglich. Der Zugang zu den Calanques ist vom 1. Juni bis zum 30. September wegen Waldbrandgefahr reglementiert. Die Brandgefahr ist abhängig von der Temperatur, den Niederschlägen, der Windstärke, der Feuchtigkeit der Vegetation und der Sonneneinstrahlung und wird von der Präfektur auf der Grundlage der Wettervorhersagen festgelegt. Aktuelle Beschränkungen werden im Internet veröffentlicht. Der Zugang, der Verkehr und das Parken von Fahrzeugen außer auf den für den öffentlichen Verkehr geöffneten Straßen sind das ganze Jahr über verboten. Stets geöffnet ist der Lehrpfad Sentier du Petit Prince auf der Halbinsel gegen Port-Miou, der zur Erinnerung an Antoine de Saint-Exupéry angelegt wurde. Der Schriftsteller und Pilot wurde 1944 über dem offenen Meer zwischen Cassis und Marseille abgeschossen. Das Flugzeugwrack wurde im Jahr 2000 in der Nähe der Île de Riou geortet und im Herbst 2003 geborgen.
(Wikipedia)
La garnatxa és una varietat de cep negra que dóna un raïm de taula i vinífer. Els gotims són compactes i el gra és ovalat, dolç i de color morat.
És sensible a les humitats i a les boires de primavera, però s'adapta bé en zones assolellades, airejades i no massa altes. És la varietat mediterrània més cultivada arreu del món, utilitzada pràcticament a totes les denominacions d'origen de Catalunya, inclosa la Catalunya del Nord, i a Requena.
El nom procedeix de Vernazza, població de la Ligúria. L'origen és incert. Podria ser de l'Aragó i de fet a La Rioja es coneix com a tinta aragonesa. A Sardenya es discuteix si la garnatxa va ser introduïda pels catalans o si la garnatxa catalana deriva d'una varietat prèvia de l'illa. Altres noms són: garnatxo o garnatjo al Maresme i la Catalunya del Nord, gironet a la Marina Alta, lledoner a l'Empordà, granatxa al Priorat, vernatxa al Maestrat i Terres de l'Ebre, negrella a València, canonau a l'Alguer, cannonau en sard, i grenache a França, Califòrnia i Austràlia. També s'anomena garnatxa negra o garnatxa del país quan cal distingir-la de les altres varietats:
Garnatxa blanca o alacantí.
Garnatxa tintera o alacant.
Garnatxa peluda.
The screw cap of our favourite wine during the COVID-19 Circuit Breaker / Lockdown in Singapore.
Bin 138 draws its inspiration from the wines of Southern Rhône, where Shiraz, Grenache and Mataro (Mourvèdre) are blended in varying proportions to create full-bodied wines possessing rich and heady perfume.
Each year fruit for Bin 138 is sourced from Barossa Valley vines and then matured for 12 to 15 months in seasoned oak hogsheads to allow the different varietals to shine through. Bin 138 is defined by its distinctive plum, raspberry pastille and underlying spicy notes. The first vintage release of this varietal blend was the 1992, labelled ‘Old Vine Barossa Valley’ – it was then elevated to Bin status for the 1998 vintage.
#australianwine #singapore #penfoldswine #bin138 #shirazgrenachemataro #penfoldsbin138 #winebottle #penfolds #barossavalley
Sélectionné en équipe de France Jean TIGANA contribuera à la victoire des Bleus dans l’Euro 84 avec Platini, Giresse et Fernandez. Avec un palmarès de 411 matches en première division, 26 en Ligue des Champions, 8 en Coupe des coupes, il met fin à sa carrière de joueur à 35 ans. Et il enchaîne comme entraîneur à l’Olympique Lyonnais, à l’AS Monaco (où il décrochera le titre d’entraîneur de l’année en 97 de France Football), à Fulham, à Istanbul, à Bordeaux et à Shanghai. Mais, Tigana a une autre passion que le ballon rond : le vin. Dès 1987, il acquiert un domaine viticole dans le Bordelais qu’il vendra plus tard et surtout s’installe sur les contreforts du cap Canaille à Cassis. Il fait l'acquisition de 14 hectares de vignes au pied de la Couronne de Charlemagne, et produit des vins AOP Cassis en blanc et en rosé certifiés Agriculture Biologique. Cassis cultive une originalité, le vin blanc. Trois bouteilles sur quatre s’élaborent dans cette couleur. Dans cette Provence viticole où les vins rosés dominent, ce parti pris rend le vignoble cassiden unique en son genre. Vins rares et précieux, les blancs de Cassis se parent d’une robe jaune clair aux reflets éclatants et lumineux. Ils livrent des senteurs d’agrumes, de fleurs blanches rehaussées de notes minérales et iodées empruntées au terroir.
Des parfums de miel et de coing s’y développent avec le temps. Au palais, ils allient l’ampleur, le gras et la fraîcheur dans un équilibre remarquable et revendiquent cette minéralité qui est leur signature. Le Domaine La Dona Tigana propose des vins de caractère alliant tradition et modernité :
•Blanc de Blanc : Blanc sec - Cépages : Clairette Blanc, Marsanne, Ugni blanc
•Cuvée Prestige : Blanc sec - Cépage : Marsanne
•Rosé : Rosé léger et fruité - Cépages : Cinsaut, Grenache noir, Mourvèdre
Selected in the France team Jean TIGANA will contribute to the victory of the Blues in Euro 84 with Platini, Giresse and Fernandez. With a record of 411 matches in the first division, 26 in the Champions League, 8 in the Coupe des Coupes, he ended his playing career at the age of 35. And he continues as a coach at Olympique Lyonnais, AS Monaco (where he will win the title of coach of the year in 97 of France Football), Fulham, Istanbul, Bordeaux and Shanghai. But, Tigana has another passion than football: wine. In 1987, he acquired a wine estate in Bordeaux which he later sold and, above all, settled in the foothills of Cap Canaille in Cassis. He acquired 14 hectares of vines at the foot of the Couronne de Charlemagne, and produced AOP Cassis wines in white and rosé certified Organic Agriculture. Cassis cultivates an originality, white wine. Three out of four bottles are produced in this color. In this wine-growing Provence where rosé wines dominate, this bias makes the Cassiden vineyard unique in its kind. Rare and precious wines, the whites of Cassis are adorned with a light yellow color with dazzling and luminous reflections. They deliver scents of citrus, white flowers enhanced with mineral and iodized notes borrowed from the terroir.
Aromas of honey and quince develop over time. On the palate, they combine fullness, fatness and freshness in a remarkable balance and claim this minerality which is their signature. Domaine La Dona Tigana offers wines of character combining tradition and modernity:
• Blanc de Blanc: Dry white - Grape varieties: Clairette Blanc, Marsanne, Ugni blanc
• Cuvée Prestige: Dry white - Grape variety: Marsanne
• Rosé: Light and fruity rosé - Grapes: Cinsaut, Grenache noir, Mourvèdre.
Collingrove and the Angas family Church.
John Howard Angas emigrated to SA in 1843 to oversee some of his father’s business interests. In 1854 John Howard
Angas returned to England, married and then returned to Angaston where his brother-in-law designed and built Collingrove homestead in 1856 for John Howard Angas and his wife Suzanne Collins. Hence the house was named Collingrove. In 1874 John’s father, a devout Baptist, had a small chapel built for his employees and family to worship in. It opened as a Congregational Church. The Congregational minister from Keyneton usually conducted the services there. Angas supported all protestant denominations but he was openly hostile towards Catholics. John Howard Angas was buried from this church in 1904. He left £2,000 in his estate to the Congregational trustees to continue to run the church. When the Anglican Bishop took over the church in 1911 a court case was threatened as the trustees had possibly breached the trust placed in them by the will of John Howard Angas. The church became St. Faiths Anglican until it closed. It was closed by the time Ronald Angas, grandson of John Howard Angas donated Collingrove to the National Trust in 1976.
Hutton Vale.
John Howard Angas was born in Newcastle in 1823 but raised in the village of Hutton from the age of four - at first as a boarder and then with his parent who moved there too. At the age of 20 John Howard Angas was sent to South Australia by his father and his first home and residence he called Hutton Vale farm. It was on part of his father’s seven Special Surveys along the North Para River. The current owner of Hutton Vale farm is John Angas whose great great grandfather was John Howard Angas. The property is on Hutton Vale Road which runs from Collingrove to Moculta. Upon arrival in 1843 John Howard Angas had a stone house built at Hutton Vale which was his residence until Collingrove was erected in 1856. Today Hutton Vale’s 2,000 acres is the last of the original 28,000 acres still owned by the Angas family in the Barossa Valley. John Angas has lived in the house at Hutton Vale all of his life. It is a mixed farm with fruit trees, vines sheep and grain. The old 1850s grain store is now the kitchen for John’s residence. The farm has tourist accommodation, garden produce and cellar door sales of wine from Riesling, Shiraz, Cabernet Sauvignon and Grenache Mataro grapes. Only the roof top of Hutton Vale house is visible from the road.
Lindsay Park.
This house was built in the late 1840s as a home for George Fife Angas with the architect being his son-in-law Henry Evans. Henry Evans had married a daughter of George Fife Angas and he was the one who designed Collingrove homestead and Lindsay Park homestead for the Angas family. Henry’s wife was so opposed to alcohol and wine making that she made Henry have his grape vines grafted with currents rather than grapes for wine. Thus, almost by accident Henry Evans founded the dried fruit industry in the Angaston district! When George Fife Angas came out to SA Henry Evans and his family moved to Keyneton a mile or so away. From 1851 Lindsay Park was used as the family home of the “founder of SA” George Fife Angas. It was extended several times. After George Fife Angas’ death the house and property remained in the Angas family until 1965 when the last inheritor of the Lindsay Park, Sir Keith Angas, sold the property to horse breeding trainer Colin Hayes. It was then developed into the preeminent horse training facility and breeding stud in Australia. Even Queen Elizabeth visited there on one of her trips to SA. When Colin Hayes retired in 1990 the stud and training facility was continued by his son David Hayes. David Hayes sold his share of Lindsay Park facility to his nephew and business partners in 2008 when he moved to Euroa in Victoria. The property was then sold to winemaker David Powell for $10 million in 2013 to become an exclusive tourist resort. Recently in 2023 this property has been sold to the Brendan Smart family from Keith who want to return the property to its original use as a sheep and cattle property. The mansion is not visible from the road. Both George Fife Angas and his wife and John Howard Angas and other family were buried in the family vault at Lindsay Park estate. There is no public access to this private family vault of one of the main pioneering families of South Australia or to the estate.
Truro and the Angas family.
Lachlan McBean of Baldon station took out a lease covering the lands east of Truro in 1845 but the seven Special Surveys taken out by Charles Flaxman on behalf of George Fife Angas in 1839 stretched from Collingrove to Angaston to Moculta and to Truro and abutted some of McBean’s pastoral lease lands. So much of the land around Truro was freehold land owned by George Fife Angas. The Hundred of Jellico (originally the Hundred of North Rhine before German names were changed in 1917) was declared in 1851 with surveying being conducted in 1854 and land being sold from 1855 onwards by the government. But Angas already owned much of the land from his Special Surveys. The government declared a road from Gawler to Blanchetown on the Murray River in the early 1850s. The creek and permanent water holes in Truro made it a favourite camping spot on this journey to the Murray.
Truro was laid out as a private town in 1850 by John Howard Angas who named the village after Truro in Cornwall. All allotments were soon taken up. Copper mining attracted Cornish miners to Wheal Barton mine in 1849 /1850 on the outskirts of town. This private town was also created by the Angas family and not surprisingly the main street of the former settlement of Barton is George Street after the family patriarch George Fife Angas. Like Burra some dugout houses were carved in the local creek bed at Barton but by 1852 the mine had been abandoned. Meantime the town of Truro had progressed with the first Post Office and a chapel being erected in 1851. Other major public structures followed. The Institute /Town Hall (1875 and 1882) and the state school (1878) were built on land donated by John Howard Angas for the early town. John Howard Angas also donated land for a Union chapel in 1850 which was duly built in 1851. It was later replaced or more likely incorporated into the current the Congregational Church in 1860. As John Howard Angas was a staunch Congregationalist the new 1860 church was a Congregational Church. Its style is similar to the original Congregational Church in Angaston which was also supported by John Howard Angas. The Congregational manse was built next door to the church in 1867 and a T section across the rear of the church was added in 1879. The original slate roof was replaced in 1959 and in 1977 this Congregational Church became a Uniting Church. At the eastern end of the Main Street is the first Council Chamber built in 1884 on land purchased from George Fife Angas’ estate. The town and district council was established in 1876. By the time of the 1883 census Truro had a population of 265. During World War One (1917) the railway line was finally extended from Nuriootpa to Truro and the sale yards used by the stock and station agents were located next to it. The wooden station building and all traces of the railway age have now disappeared.
John Howard Angas’ main properties - Mt Remarkable Estate, Hill River, Point Sturt etc.
Both George Fife and John Howard Angas were interested and active in pastoralism. George Fife ensured sheep and cattle were on the first fleet of ships he sent to the colony from England in 1836. More sheep were picked up at Cape Town. As Chairman of the SA Company Angas played a role in that Company having the largest flock in the colony by 1842 when it had around 20,000 sheep. But George Fife Angas was a banker and businessman more than pastoralist. However his son John Howard established himself quickly as a pastoralist and breeder of stud sheep and cattle wanting to improve herds and stock in the colony. Apart from Collingrove House on his Tarrawatta estate where he lived, he acquired in the central districts Kingsford near Gawler and Point Sturt on Lake Alexandrina. In 1856 he purchased Mt Remarkable run covering 50,000 acres freehold and 15,000 acres leasehold. By the late 1870s John Howard Angas had Tarrawatta with 14,100 acres, Hill River with 55,000 acres, Baldina with 8,300 acres, Belalie with 3,000 acres, Broadview with nearly 5,000 acres, Point Sturt with 3,700 acres and Kingsford with 3,000 acres. Beyond the settled districts he had Wirrealpa with 1,700 square miles, Whittata with 234 square miles, Netley with 145 square miles, Stuart Creek with 5,600 square miles, Finniss Springs with 578 square miles, Frome Downs with 970 square miles, Macumba with 200 square miles and he had a group of stations near the Northern Territory border that totalled 13,100 square miles. Angas was a serious pastoralist! In 1882 he sold the Mt Remarkable run to the Willowie Pastoral Company of which he was the major shareholder. Hill River near Clare was always described as the best property in SA and purchased by John Howard Angas in 1876 for £220,000. In 1912 most of the estate was broken up for closer settlement and the Hill River property was left with just four thousand acres which it still has. Members of the Angas family still reside on and operate Hill River. Angas ran Point Sturt as a Shorthorn and Hereford cattle stud and he ran Collingrove and Hill River as Merino sheep studs. After his death the properties were broken up and sold off as time went by. Only Hutton Vale which was part of Tarrawatta and Hill River remain in the hands of Angas descendants.
Angas family philanthropy and donations.
George Fife Angas was a keen businessman but also a staunch Baptist and philanthropist. He was very committed to education and Angas founded and supported the SA school Society which established the first school in SA. At the same time he funded four German missionaries to come to SA to work with Aboriginal people. Likewise he supported early churches and founded several Union chapels for use by any denomination. Whilst in the SA parliament he was a conservative and reactionary. For example he was opposed to railways, the immigration of Irish Catholic girls for domestic work but he was respected for his integrity. Towards the end of his life he was estimated to be donating at least £10,000 annually to charitable organisations. He was a significant philanthropist to many church organisations and charities in SA as well as the University of Adelaide. He retired from parliament in 1866 and his wife died in 1867 and he then concentrated on philanthropy until he died in 1879. The following are just a few of the known donations by George Fife Angas. He donated land and gave a large sum of money to build the original Town Hall in Angaston in 1860. He gave a block of land and a house for the Melrose Institute in 1871 etc. He financed the emigration of a new Baptist pastor to found the Flinders Street Baptist Church in 1861. Presumably he contributed to the building costs. He donated generously to St Peters Boys College and Prince Alfred College the only two high school in SA at the time. As noted above he donated land and funds to build the Angaston Baptist church in 1855 and land and £100 to build the Masonic Lodge in 1867. Although it was not direct philanthropy it is estimated that George Fife Angas contributed £40,000 to the creation and establishment of South Australia. He spent £20,000 to fund four ships to bring German settlers to the colony for a start. He actually saw the establishment of South Australia as one of his great philanthropic gestures.
John Howard Angas was also a philanthropist like his father but his focus was on education and health and disability and the Congregational Church. He was a staunch Congregationalist unlike his father who was a Baptist. In 1878 John Howard Angas gave £4,000 to the fledgling University of Adelaide to establish the Engineering Scholarship scheme followed by a £6,000 donation in 1884 to establish the Angas professorship of chemistry which is still funded by the Angas trust deed. He also donated £1,000 to the School of Mines on North Terrace in the 1890s. As noted above he worked and donated to the Childrens Hospital, the Home for the Deaf and Dumb, the Inebriates Home at Belair, and he funded and founded the Angas Missionary Training College in North Adelaide. His individual donations were generous and varied from education, missionary work, health and to the care of children but he also contributed greatly with charity work. He was President of the British and Foreign Bible Society in SA for many years; he was President of the British and Foreign Seaman’s Society; he was leader of the Bushman’s Club which became the Bush Missionary Society. He donated £500 to it for them to get a building in Gilbert Street and he laid its foundation stone in 1878. This building provided accommodation for men from the outback visiting Adelaide. In 1899 this society merged with the Salvation Army.
He is known to have donated to more than 100 English and German church buildings. Then like his father be began to concentrate on his philanthropy towards the end of his life. In 1887 he gave £2,000 to the SA Congregational Church to pay off its debts. He donated £1,000 to churches for Sunday School buildings. He became a regular and generous funder of the London Missionary Society. From 1871 onward he donated £500 annually but that sometimes increased to £1,000 per annum when wool prices were high. He made additional donations for missionary work in New Guinea. In 1902 he gave £10,000 for New Guinea missionary work and £1,000 for missionary work in the Congo. He also donated to the Hindmarsh Town Mission for the poor giving about £1,000 to it. He was a large and regular contributor to the Benevolent and Strangers Friend Society for 30 years. He continued his concerns for children with a £1,400 donation in 1897 for the Girls Brigade to build a new hall. He was a regular donor to the Salvation Army and he gave £1,000 for the establishment of Kalyra Consumptives Home at Belair. His concerns were well defined and helped many people across Adelaide and South Australia. In 1899 John Howard Angas also donated £2,500 for the Angas wing at the Home for Incurables Fullarton. Apart from the Children’s Hospital John Howard Angas was a great financial supporter of the Barnardo Houses for children in England and elsewhere. Barnardo house provided accommodation for orphans and destitute children before they were fostered or adopted. For 30 years he donated £200 annually to this British organisation. In 1884 he donated £1,600 and from 1887 he donated £2,000 annually. In 1891 he donated £5,600 and by the time of his death he had donated £44,216 to the Barnardo foundation. His donations were so appreciated that they named a house in Essex after John Howard Angas. The Angas Home in Barkingside Essex operated for around 100 years until demolished to make way for a Tesco supermarket!
Sélectionné en équipe de France Jean TIGANA contribuera à la victoire des Bleus dans l’Euro 84 avec Platini, Giresse et Fernandez. Avec un palmarès de 411 matches en première division, 26 en Ligue des Champions, 8 en Coupe des coupes, il met fin à sa carrière de joueur à 35 ans. Et il enchaîne comme entraîneur à l’Olympique Lyonnais, à l’AS Monaco (où il décrochera le titre d’entraîneur de l’année en 97 de France Football), à Fulham, à Istanbul, à Bordeaux et à Shanghai. Mais, Tigana a une autre passion que le ballon rond : le vin. Dès 1987, il acquiert un domaine viticole dans le Bordelais qu’il vendra plus tard et surtout s’installe sur les contreforts du cap Canaille à Cassis. Il fait l'acquisition de 14 hectares de vignes au pied de la Couronne de Charlemagne, et produit des vins AOP Cassis en blanc et en rosé certifiés Agriculture Biologique. Cassis cultive une originalité, le vin blanc. Trois bouteilles sur quatre s’élaborent dans cette couleur. Dans cette Provence viticole où les vins rosés dominent, ce parti pris rend le vignoble cassiden unique en son genre. Vins rares et précieux, les blancs de Cassis se parent d’une robe jaune clair aux reflets éclatants et lumineux. Ils livrent des senteurs d’agrumes, de fleurs blanches rehaussées de notes minérales et iodées empruntées au terroir.
Des parfums de miel et de coing s’y développent avec le temps. Au palais, ils allient l’ampleur, le gras et la fraîcheur dans un équilibre remarquable et revendiquent cette minéralité qui est leur signature. Le Domaine La Dona Tigana propose des vins de caractère alliant tradition et modernité :
•Blanc de Blanc : Blanc sec - Cépages : Clairette Blanc, Marsanne, Ugni blanc
•Cuvée Prestige : Blanc sec - Cépage : Marsanne
•Rosé : Rosé léger et fruité - Cépages : Cinsaut, Grenache noir, Mourvèdre
Selected in the France team Jean TIGANA will contribute to the victory of the Blues in Euro 84 with Platini, Giresse and Fernandez. With a record of 411 matches in the first division, 26 in the Champions League, 8 in the Coupe des Coupes, he ended his playing career at the age of 35. And he continues as a coach at Olympique Lyonnais, AS Monaco (where he will win the title of coach of the year in 97 of France Football), Fulham, Istanbul, Bordeaux and Shanghai. But, Tigana has another passion than football: wine. In 1987, he acquired a wine estate in Bordeaux which he later sold and, above all, settled in the foothills of Cap Canaille in Cassis. He acquired 14 hectares of vines at the foot of the Couronne de Charlemagne, and produced AOP Cassis wines in white and rosé certified Organic Agriculture. Cassis cultivates an originality, white wine. Three out of four bottles are produced in this color. In this wine-growing Provence where rosé wines dominate, this bias makes the Cassiden vineyard unique in its kind. Rare and precious wines, the whites of Cassis are adorned with a light yellow color with dazzling and luminous reflections. They deliver scents of citrus, white flowers enhanced with mineral and iodized notes borrowed from the terroir.
Aromas of honey and quince develop over time. On the palate, they combine fullness, fatness and freshness in a remarkable balance and claim this minerality which is their signature. Domaine La Dona Tigana offers wines of character combining tradition and modernity:
• Blanc de Blanc: Dry white - Grape varieties: Clairette Blanc, Marsanne, Ugni blanc
• Cuvée Prestige: Dry white - Grape variety: Marsanne
• Rosé: Light and fruity rosé - Grapes: Cinsaut, Grenache noir, Mourvèdre.
#1 - Grenache Blanc
#2 - Grenache
#3 - Tempranillo - Estate 2016
#4 - Duetto Rosso - California Blend (50% Cabernet sauvignon, 50% Syrah)
#5 - Bella Rosa - California Blend (Rosé-style blend, tart cherry)
Interestingly, # 1 and # 2 are not on their current wine list, so there is no info on them. :-( The waiter said that the winery uses either their own grapes or grapes from other vineyards in the vicinity.
To me, Cordiano seems more like a restaurant that also has a winery than the other way around. The owners had Italian restaurants in the Southeast USA and then in San Diego before selling them to start the winery. The menu is not large - pizzas, pasta, a couple of salads and a couple of appetizers, including an Italian meats and cheeses sampler. The pizza comes highly praised and looked very good; the pastas also got good reviews; the portions were quite large. Our meat and cheese sampler was a very nice snack for days when one isn't very hungry.
A walk in the Vineyards of Collioure in November is interesting as the harvest is over and the fields without grapes looks a little "lost".
Still the landscape is there and especially in the hilled landscape around Collioure your tour offers a great landscape to explore.
In this 2 photos stitched you will see the Alberes mountains at the left and to the right the small fortification Fort St. Elme.
Some more of collioure wines from the net:
Red Collioure is characterized by its intensely ripe, fruit aromas and elements of spice, while the white version is the richest of French white wines, full-bodied and deeply perfumed.
Grenache, Syrah and Mourvedre make up 60% of any Collioure blend, with Carignan and Cinsaut forming the remaining 40% in varying proportions. Mourvedre is not part of the Banyuls wine blend, so all Mourvedre grapes grown here are intended for Collioure wines. The rose wines are made from these same principal grapes, but with an addition of up to 30% Grenache Gris. Collioure white wines – a new addition to the appellation's output, as mentioned above – are made predominantly from Grenache Blanc and Grenache Gris.
The wines from this part of France are evocative of the landscapes where they are grown. The villages and vineyards of Cerbere, Collioure, Port-Vendres and Banyuls are popular tourist destinations, perched on high cliff tops overlooking the western Mediterranean below.
(Published by Wine-Searcher.com | Last updated 24-Feb-2013 by Wine-Searcher Staff)
Collingrove and the Angas family Church.
John Howard Angas emigrated to SA in 1843 to oversee some of his father’s business interests. In 1854 John Howard
Angas returned to England, married and then returned to Angaston where his brother-in-law designed and built Collingrove homestead in 1856 for John Howard Angas and his wife Suzanne Collins. Hence the house was named Collingrove. In 1874 John’s father, a devout Baptist, had a small chapel built for his employees and family to worship in. It opened as a Congregational Church. The Congregational minister from Keyneton usually conducted the services there. Angas supported all protestant denominations but he was openly hostile towards Catholics. John Howard Angas was buried from this church in 1904. He left £2,000 in his estate to the Congregational trustees to continue to run the church. When the Anglican Bishop took over the church in 1911 a court case was threatened as the trustees had possibly breached the trust placed in them by the will of John Howard Angas. The church became St. Faiths Anglican until it closed. It was closed by the time Ronald Angas, grandson of John Howard Angas donated Collingrove to the National Trust in 1976.
Hutton Vale.
John Howard Angas was born in Newcastle in 1823 but raised in the village of Hutton from the age of four - at first as a boarder and then with his parent who moved there too. At the age of 20 John Howard Angas was sent to South Australia by his father and his first home and residence he called Hutton Vale farm. It was on part of his father’s seven Special Surveys along the North Para River. The current owner of Hutton Vale farm is John Angas whose great great grandfather was John Howard Angas. The property is on Hutton Vale Road which runs from Collingrove to Moculta. Upon arrival in 1843 John Howard Angas had a stone house built at Hutton Vale which was his residence until Collingrove was erected in 1856. Today Hutton Vale’s 2,000 acres is the last of the original 28,000 acres still owned by the Angas family in the Barossa Valley. John Angas has lived in the house at Hutton Vale all of his life. It is a mixed farm with fruit trees, vines sheep and grain. The old 1850s grain store is now the kitchen for John’s residence. The farm has tourist accommodation, garden produce and cellar door sales of wine from Riesling, Shiraz, Cabernet Sauvignon and Grenache Mataro grapes. Only the roof top of Hutton Vale house is visible from the road.
Lindsay Park.
This house was built in the late 1840s as a home for George Fife Angas with the architect being his son-in-law Henry Evans. Henry Evans had married a daughter of George Fife Angas and he was the one who designed Collingrove homestead and Lindsay Park homestead for the Angas family. Henry’s wife was so opposed to alcohol and wine making that she made Henry have his grape vines grafted with currents rather than grapes for wine. Thus, almost by accident Henry Evans founded the dried fruit industry in the Angaston district! When George Fife Angas came out to SA Henry Evans and his family moved to Keyneton a mile or so away. From 1851 Lindsay Park was used as the family home of the “founder of SA” George Fife Angas. It was extended several times. After George Fife Angas’ death the house and property remained in the Angas family until 1965 when the last inheritor of the Lindsay Park, Sir Keith Angas, sold the property to horse breeding trainer Colin Hayes. It was then developed into the preeminent horse training facility and breeding stud in Australia. Even Queen Elizabeth visited there on one of her trips to SA. When Colin Hayes retired in 1990 the stud and training facility was continued by his son David Hayes. David Hayes sold his share of Lindsay Park facility to his nephew and business partners in 2008 when he moved to Euroa in Victoria. The property was then sold to winemaker David Powell for $10 million in 2013 to become an exclusive tourist resort. Recently in 2023 this property has been sold to the Brendan Smart family from Keith who want to return the property to its original use as a sheep and cattle property. The mansion is not visible from the road. Both George Fife Angas and his wife and John Howard Angas and other family were buried in the family vault at Lindsay Park estate. There is no public access to this private family vault of one of the main pioneering families of South Australia or to the estate.
Truro and the Angas family.
Lachlan McBean of Baldon station took out a lease covering the lands east of Truro in 1845 but the seven Special Surveys taken out by Charles Flaxman on behalf of George Fife Angas in 1839 stretched from Collingrove to Angaston to Moculta and to Truro and abutted some of McBean’s pastoral lease lands. So much of the land around Truro was freehold land owned by George Fife Angas. The Hundred of Jellico (originally the Hundred of North Rhine before German names were changed in 1917) was declared in 1851 with surveying being conducted in 1854 and land being sold from 1855 onwards by the government. But Angas already owned much of the land from his Special Surveys. The government declared a road from Gawler to Blanchetown on the Murray River in the early 1850s. The creek and permanent water holes in Truro made it a favourite camping spot on this journey to the Murray.
Truro was laid out as a private town in 1850 by John Howard Angas who named the village after Truro in Cornwall. All allotments were soon taken up. Copper mining attracted Cornish miners to Wheal Barton mine in 1849 /1850 on the outskirts of town. This private town was also created by the Angas family and not surprisingly the main street of the former settlement of Barton is George Street after the family patriarch George Fife Angas. Like Burra some dugout houses were carved in the local creek bed at Barton but by 1852 the mine had been abandoned. Meantime the town of Truro had progressed with the first Post Office and a chapel being erected in 1851. Other major public structures followed. The Institute /Town Hall (1875 and 1882) and the state school (1878) were built on land donated by John Howard Angas for the early town. John Howard Angas also donated land for a Union chapel in 1850 which was duly built in 1851. It was later replaced or more likely incorporated into the current the Congregational Church in 1860. As John Howard Angas was a staunch Congregationalist the new 1860 church was a Congregational Church. Its style is similar to the original Congregational Church in Angaston which was also supported by John Howard Angas. The Congregational manse was built next door to the church in 1867 and a T section across the rear of the church was added in 1879. The original slate roof was replaced in 1959 and in 1977 this Congregational Church became a Uniting Church. At the eastern end of the Main Street is the first Council Chamber built in 1884 on land purchased from George Fife Angas’ estate. The town and district council was established in 1876. By the time of the 1883 census Truro had a population of 265. During World War One (1917) the railway line was finally extended from Nuriootpa to Truro and the sale yards used by the stock and station agents were located next to it. The wooden station building and all traces of the railway age have now disappeared.
John Howard Angas’ main properties - Mt Remarkable Estate, Hill River, Point Sturt etc.
Both George Fife and John Howard Angas were interested and active in pastoralism. George Fife ensured sheep and cattle were on the first fleet of ships he sent to the colony from England in 1836. More sheep were picked up at Cape Town. As Chairman of the SA Company Angas played a role in that Company having the largest flock in the colony by 1842 when it had around 20,000 sheep. But George Fife Angas was a banker and businessman more than pastoralist. However his son John Howard established himself quickly as a pastoralist and breeder of stud sheep and cattle wanting to improve herds and stock in the colony. Apart from Collingrove House on his Tarrawatta estate where he lived, he acquired in the central districts Kingsford near Gawler and Point Sturt on Lake Alexandrina. In 1856 he purchased Mt Remarkable run covering 50,000 acres freehold and 15,000 acres leasehold. By the late 1870s John Howard Angas had Tarrawatta with 14,100 acres, Hill River with 55,000 acres, Baldina with 8,300 acres, Belalie with 3,000 acres, Broadview with nearly 5,000 acres, Point Sturt with 3,700 acres and Kingsford with 3,000 acres. Beyond the settled districts he had Wirrealpa with 1,700 square miles, Whittata with 234 square miles, Netley with 145 square miles, Stuart Creek with 5,600 square miles, Finniss Springs with 578 square miles, Frome Downs with 970 square miles, Macumba with 200 square miles and he had a group of stations near the Northern Territory border that totalled 13,100 square miles. Angas was a serious pastoralist! In 1882 he sold the Mt Remarkable run to the Willowie Pastoral Company of which he was the major shareholder. Hill River near Clare was always described as the best property in SA and purchased by John Howard Angas in 1876 for £220,000. In 1912 most of the estate was broken up for closer settlement and the Hill River property was left with just four thousand acres which it still has. Members of the Angas family still reside on and operate Hill River. Angas ran Point Sturt as a Shorthorn and Hereford cattle stud and he ran Collingrove and Hill River as Merino sheep studs. After his death the properties were broken up and sold off as time went by. Only Hutton Vale which was part of Tarrawatta and Hill River remain in the hands of Angas descendants.
Angas family philanthropy and donations.
George Fife Angas was a keen businessman but also a staunch Baptist and philanthropist. He was very committed to education and Angas founded and supported the SA school Society which established the first school in SA. At the same time he funded four German missionaries to come to SA to work with Aboriginal people. Likewise he supported early churches and founded several Union chapels for use by any denomination. Whilst in the SA parliament he was a conservative and reactionary. For example he was opposed to railways, the immigration of Irish Catholic girls for domestic work but he was respected for his integrity. Towards the end of his life he was estimated to be donating at least £10,000 annually to charitable organisations. He was a significant philanthropist to many church organisations and charities in SA as well as the University of Adelaide. He retired from parliament in 1866 and his wife died in 1867 and he then concentrated on philanthropy until he died in 1879. The following are just a few of the known donations by George Fife Angas. He donated land and gave a large sum of money to build the original Town Hall in Angaston in 1860. He gave a block of land and a house for the Melrose Institute in 1871 etc. He financed the emigration of a new Baptist pastor to found the Flinders Street Baptist Church in 1861. Presumably he contributed to the building costs. He donated generously to St Peters Boys College and Prince Alfred College the only two high school in SA at the time. As noted above he donated land and funds to build the Angaston Baptist church in 1855 and land and £100 to build the Masonic Lodge in 1867. Although it was not direct philanthropy it is estimated that George Fife Angas contributed £40,000 to the creation and establishment of South Australia. He spent £20,000 to fund four ships to bring German settlers to the colony for a start. He actually saw the establishment of South Australia as one of his great philanthropic gestures.
John Howard Angas was also a philanthropist like his father but his focus was on education and health and disability and the Congregational Church. He was a staunch Congregationalist unlike his father who was a Baptist. In 1878 John Howard Angas gave £4,000 to the fledgling University of Adelaide to establish the Engineering Scholarship scheme followed by a £6,000 donation in 1884 to establish the Angas professorship of chemistry which is still funded by the Angas trust deed. He also donated £1,000 to the School of Mines on North Terrace in the 1890s. As noted above he worked and donated to the Childrens Hospital, the Home for the Deaf and Dumb, the Inebriates Home at Belair, and he funded and founded the Angas Missionary Training College in North Adelaide. His individual donations were generous and varied from education, missionary work, health and to the care of children but he also contributed greatly with charity work. He was President of the British and Foreign Bible Society in SA for many years; he was President of the British and Foreign Seaman’s Society; he was leader of the Bushman’s Club which became the Bush Missionary Society. He donated £500 to it for them to get a building in Gilbert Street and he laid its foundation stone in 1878. This building provided accommodation for men from the outback visiting Adelaide. In 1899 this society merged with the Salvation Army.
He is known to have donated to more than 100 English and German church buildings. Then like his father be began to concentrate on his philanthropy towards the end of his life. In 1887 he gave £2,000 to the SA Congregational Church to pay off its debts. He donated £1,000 to churches for Sunday School buildings. He became a regular and generous funder of the London Missionary Society. From 1871 onward he donated £500 annually but that sometimes increased to £1,000 per annum when wool prices were high. He made additional donations for missionary work in New Guinea. In 1902 he gave £10,000 for New Guinea missionary work and £1,000 for missionary work in the Congo. He also donated to the Hindmarsh Town Mission for the poor giving about £1,000 to it. He was a large and regular contributor to the Benevolent and Strangers Friend Society for 30 years. He continued his concerns for children with a £1,400 donation in 1897 for the Girls Brigade to build a new hall. He was a regular donor to the Salvation Army and he gave £1,000 for the establishment of Kalyra Consumptives Home at Belair. His concerns were well defined and helped many people across Adelaide and South Australia. In 1899 John Howard Angas also donated £2,500 for the Angas wing at the Home for Incurables Fullarton. Apart from the Children’s Hospital John Howard Angas was a great financial supporter of the Barnardo Houses for children in England and elsewhere. Barnardo house provided accommodation for orphans and destitute children before they were fostered or adopted. For 30 years he donated £200 annually to this British organisation. In 1884 he donated £1,600 and from 1887 he donated £2,000 annually. In 1891 he donated £5,600 and by the time of his death he had donated £44,216 to the Barnardo foundation. His donations were so appreciated that they named a house in Essex after John Howard Angas. The Angas Home in Barkingside Essex operated for around 100 years until demolished to make way for a Tesco supermarket!
Frankreich / Provence - Cassis
Plage du Bestouan
Cassis (French pronunciation: [kasi]; Occitan: Cassís) is a commune situated east of Marseille in the department of Bouches-du-Rhône in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region, whose coastline is known in English as the French Riviera, in Southern France.
It is a popular tourist destination, famous for its cliffs (falaises) and the sheltered inlets called calanques. The wines of Cassis are white and rosé, and not to be confused with crème de cassis, a specialty of Burgundy which takes its name from blackcurrants (cassis), not the commune. It is a filming location featured in The French Connection, notably for heroin smuggler Alain Charnier's house.
Geography
The town is situated on the Mediterranean coast, about 20 kilometres (12+1⁄2 miles) east of Marseille. Cap Canaille, 394 metres (1,293 feet), between Cassis and La Ciotat ("the civitas") is one of the highest maritime bluffs in Europe, a sailor's landmark for millennia. It is east of Marseille and in the department of Bouches-du-Rhône.
One of its main beaches, called "Bestouan", is made cooler by a karstic source.
History
The present site of Cassis was first occupied between 600 and 500 BC by the Ligures, who constructed a fortified dwelling at the top of the Baou Redon. These people lived by fishing, hunting, and farming.
The current site of Cassis could have been inhabited by the Greeks, though no proof has yet been found.
During Roman times, Cassis was part of the maritime route made by the Emperor Antoninus Pius. It was a small village, established mainly around the Arena and Corton beaches. The principal livelihood was fishing and maritime trade with North Africa and the Middle East. Several archaeological discoveries attest to this.
From the 5th to the 10th centuries AD, invasions by foreign tribes led the population to seek refuge in the castrum, a fortified city that, in 1223, became the property of the Seigneurie des Les Baux-de-Provence.
In the 15th century, Cassis was ceded to the Counts of Provence; then René of Anjou gave the town to the Bishops of Marseille, who ruled the town until the Revolution of 1789.
Industrial Revolution
In the eighteenth century, Cassis started to develop outside the ramparts of the fortified city and around the port. After the Bourbon Restoration, new industries developed here, including the drying of cod, the manufacture of olive oil and clothing, coral work, wine-making and the exploitation of local stone (cement, limestone). Stone of Cassis, which was quarried here since antiquity made the town famous. It has been used for the quays of the large Mediterranean ports (Alexandria, Algiers, Piraeus, Marseille, and Port Said). A claim that it was used for the base of the Statue of Liberty in New York City gained wide circulation but has been proved apocryphal. Today, the stone is used more for domestic purposes such as the construction of sinks and fireplaces.
In the twentieth century, as these industries began to disappear, the workforce turned to tourism and wine making. Cassis was one of the first three vineyards to profit from the appellation d'origine contrôlée (label of controlled origin) introduced in 1936.
Origin of the name
The oldest form is Tutelæ Charsitanæ, attested since the first century. It then drifts into Carsicis (15th century) and Castrum Cassitis (1323). These place names suggest a Car-s theme derived from the pre-Indo-European *Kar meaning stone or rock, to which has been added the suffix -ite. The French language has retained the Provençal Cassis spelling, which is identical in both the classical and Mistralian standards.
The final "s" is not pronounced in the local variant of Provençal, unlike other dialects. The pronunciation of the final "s" is found in the motto of the city, which rhymes Paris, Cassis and the word 'vist' with one another (pronunciation in Provençal "mistralien": /pa.ʁis/, /ka.sis/, /vis/). In French, both pronunciations occur.
The Provençal motto of the commune attributed to Frédéric Mistral is "Qu'a vist Paris, se noun a vist Cassis, n'a rèn vist", which means "Who has seen Paris and not Cassis, has not seen anything".
(Wikipedia)
Cassis [kaˈsi oder auch kaˈsis] ist eine französische Stadtgemeinde mit 6706 Einwohnern (Stand 1. Januar 2022) im Département Bouches-du-Rhône (13) in der Region Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur. Sie gehört zum Arrondissement Marseille und zum Kanton La Ciotat. Cassis ist ein Hauptakteur in der Entwicklung des Nationalparks Calanques.
Geografie
Lage
Die Kleinstadt befindet sich am Mittelmeer in einer Bucht der Calanque-Küste zwischen Marseille (30 km) und Toulon (42 km).
Verkehr
Von Marseille führt die Departementsstraße D 559 über den Pass Col de la Gineste nach Cassis. Eine im Jahre 1969 eröffnete kleinere Bergstraße, die Route des Crêtes, führt entlang der Steilküste weiter nach La Ciotat. Von dieser Panoramastraße hat man einen weiten Blick auf das Meer. Der bekannteste Felsen auf dem Weg ist das Cap Canaille.
Weiter im Landesinnern führt die Autobahn A 50 bei Cassis vorbei. Der Autobahnanschluss liegt etwa fünf Kilometer vom Ortszentrum entfernt.
Die Stadt verfügt auch über einen Bahnhof der französischen Staatsbahn SNCF an der Bahnstrecke Marseille–Ventimiglia, der sich ca. 2 km außerhalb (nördlich) des Ortes befindet. Der Bahnhof wird ausschließlich von Nahverkehrszügen bedient, hingegen nicht von den ebenfalls diese Strecke befahrenden Hochgeschwindigkeitszügen (TGV). Vom Bahnhof zum Ortskern besteht eine Pendelbusverbindung mit einer Fahrzeit von rund 15 Minuten.
Der Hafen wird nicht von Kursschiffen bedient. Er wird von Privatbooten, kleinen Fischerbooten und Ausflugsschiffen zu den Calanques genutzt. Ein weiterer Hafen für 500 Boote liegt in Port-Miou.
Klima und Vegetation
Die jährliche Sonnenscheindauer beträgt ca. 3000 Stunden und die Niederschlagsmenge ca. 600 Millimetern pro Jahr. Der Boden ist, besonders wenn der Mistral weht, sehr trocken. Die Landschaft rund um den Ort wird von Reben, hauptsächlich aber von der immergrünen, sekundär entstandenen Gebüschformation der Garrigue geprägt, da ein Waldbrand am 21. August 1990 rund 3.500 Hektar Wald vernichtete. Die weitere Vegetation ist an die salzhaltige oder trocken-heiße Umgebung besonders angepasst. Man findet vor allem Buschvegetation, die aus Kermes-Eichen, Rosmarin, Felsenbirne (Amelanchier) und Schneeball (lorbeerblättriger Schneeball, Laurier tin, Viburnum tinus) sowie gelegentlich aus Steineichen und verschiedenen Kiefern besteht.
Geschichte
rste Zeugen menschlicher Besiedelung gehen auf das 5. Jahrhundert v. Chr. zurück. Wahrscheinlich war die Bucht auch zur griechischen Zeit besiedelt. Im römischen Reich gehörte das Gebiet zur Provinz Gallia Narbonensis. Cassis wird als Carsici auch auf dem Itinerarium Antonini des 3. Jahrhunderts erwähnt. Das Dorf dürfte daraufhin über mindestens 1.200 Jahre das politische Schicksal der südlichen Provence geteilt haben.
Im Mittelalter befand sich Cassis auf einer erhöhten Stelle, die heute château (Burg) genannt wird. Auf Grund von Barbareneinfällen flüchtete sich die Bevölkerung auf diese erhöhte Stelle. Diese Siedlung wurde 1223 in die Herrschaft Baux-de-Provence einverleibt. Im 15. Jahrhundert gelangte Cassis nach dem Aussterben der Familie Baux an die Grafschaft Provence, bevor es nach dem Tode des Grafen René von Anjou und dessen kinderlosen Erben 1481 französisch wurde. König Ludwig XI. gab Cassis den Bischöfen von Marseille zu Lehen. Diese regierten Cassis bis zur Französischen Revolution.
Die heutige Altstadt wurde im 18. Jahrhundert am Hafen erbaut und die befestigte Siedlung auf dem Hügel wurde allmählich aufgegeben. Der verheerenden Pestepidemie von 1720 wird noch heute alljährlich gedacht. Im Februar 1794 übernachtete General Bonaparte auf einer Inspektionsreise in Cassis.
Im 19. Jahrhundert siedelten sich einige kleine Industriebetriebe an, darunter besonders solche im Steinbruch- und Zementgewerbe. Der Ort verfügt heute kaum noch über nennenswerte Industriebetriebe, seit 2006 eine Tresorfabrik nach Osteuropa verlagert wurde.
Sehenswürdigkeiten
Schloss (château): Befestigter Ort des 14. Jahrhunderts, im 19. Jahrhundert verfallen, heute ausgebaut zu Luxusferienwohnungen. Das Gelände ist heute in Privatbesitz und kann nicht besichtigt werden.
Rathaus (hôtel de ville): Bau aus dem 16. Jahrhundert mit großer Treppe und salon d’honneur (Ehrensaal). Reste einer Küche aus dem Mittelalter.
Kirche Saint-Michel: Erbaut zwischen 1859 und 1867 aus Cassis-Stein in neoromanischem Stil mit drei Schiffen.
La Prud’homie: Im Jahr 1791 eingerichtetes Fischereigericht. In einer Nische steht die Statue des Hl. Petrus, die an der jährlichen Prozession der fête des pêcheurs durch die Straßen von Cassis getragen wird.
Maison de l’Europe: Gebäude des 17. Jahrhunderts mit klassizistischer Fassade von 1808. Monumentales, denkmalgeschütztes Treppenhaus.
Villa Ariane: Elegantes Anwesen aus dem 19. Jahrhundert mit Garten im griechischen Stil und kleinem Amphitheater. Ab Ende der 1920er-Jahre im Besitz des Malers, Schauspielers und Mäzens Jerome Hill, nach dessen Tod Eigentum der Camargo Foundation.
Veranstaltungen
Ein immer noch bedeutendes Fest im Jahreskalender ist das Fest der Fischer, auch Fête de la Saint-Pierre et de la Mer genannt. Es findet Ende Juni statt.
Jeweils am ersten Sonntag im September wird das Winzerfest gefeiert.
Zweimal pro Woche wird ein Gemüsemarkt auf der Place Baragnon abgehalten; jeden Samstag findet auf der Place Clémenceau der marché paysan, ein – frei übersetzt – saisonaler Wochenmarkt statt. In der französischen Ferienzeit zwischen dem 1. Juli und dem 31. August gibt es abendlich auf beiden Plätzen, von 18:00 Uhr bis Mitternacht, einen Nachtmarkt, auf dem Bekleidung, Schmuck und anderes feilgeboten wird.
Seit 1979 ist Cassis am letzten Oktobersonntag Zielort von Marseille – Cassis, einem der populärsten Volks- und Straßenläufe Frankreichs.
Wirtschaft
Steinbrüche
Der helle Kalkstein von Cassis wurde bereits in der Antike abgebaut. 1720 wurde wieder mit dem Abbau begonnen. Der Stein aus Cassis war aus zwei Gründen beliebt: einerseits ist er recht widerstandsfähig gegen Witterungseinflüsse, andererseits war der Transport aus den am Meer gelegenen Steinbrüchen per Schiff vergleichsweise kostengünstig. Steine aus Cassis wurden für den Hafenbau von Marseille und Alexandria verwendet. Die letzten Steinbrüche wurden in den 1980er-Jahren geschlossen.
Fischerei
Die Fischerei ist heute unbedeutend; nur noch ein halbes Dutzend Berufsfischer fahren auf das Meer. Bis zum Aufkommen des Tourismus bedeutete die Fischerei aber eine der Haupteinnahmequellen von Cassis. Immer noch wird täglich der Fang des Tages im Hafen verkauft. Dort steht auch die Statue des kleinen Sardellenfischers Calendal nach einem Motiv des Dichters Frédéric Mistral. Wie in vielen kleinen Häfen am Mittelmeer so drängen auch in Cassis die Yachten und Segelboote die kleinen Fischerboote zurück – höhere Liegeplatzgebühren, verbunden mit Wassersporttourismus, sind auch eine Einnahmequelle für die Kommune.
Weinbaugebiet
Der Weinbau ist in Cassis seit mindestens dem 12. Jahrhundert nachweisbar. Nachdem Ende des 19. Jahrhunderts durch die Reblauskatastrophe sämtliche Reben eingingen, wird der Weinbau erst seit Mitte des 20. Jahrhunderts wieder in bedeutendem Umfang gepflegt.
Das 196 Hektar große Weinbaugebiet von Cassis hat seit dem 15. Mai 1936 den Status einer Appellation d’Origine Contrôlée (AOC). Der Wein wird auf zwölf Domänen gekeltert. Die Lagen sind in Richtung Süden ausgerichtet. Es wird sowohl Weißwein (Anteil etwa 80 Prozent), Rotwein (Anteil etwa 15 Prozent) und Roséwein (Anteil etwa fünf Prozent) erzeugt.
Rot-/Roséwein: Der Rotwein sowie der Rosé von Cassis besteht aus den Rebsorten Barbaroux, Carignan, Cinsault, Grenache und Mourvèdre. Daneben ist noch die Sorte Terret Noir zugelassen. Der Anteil der letzten Sorte beträgt höchstens fünf Prozent. Aufgrund des großen Anteils an Mourvèdre sind die Weine kräftig sowie reich an Tanninen.
Weißwein: Der Weißwein von Cassis besteht aus den Rebsorten Clairette Blanche und Marsanne blanche. Seit 2005 muss der Anteil dieser beiden Sorten zusammen mindestens 60 Prozent betragen. Daneben sind noch in geringem Umfang die Sorten Bourboulenc (hier Doucillon genannt), Pascal Blanc, Sauvignon Blanc, Terret Blanc und Ugni Blanc zugelassen.
Tourismus
Cassis lebt heute hauptsächlich vom Tourismus, der seit der zweiten Hälfte des 20. Jahrhunderts allmählich an die Stelle von Industrie und Gewerbe getreten ist. Es gibt gut ein Dutzend Hotels, davon nur wenige größere, die sich alle relativ diskret in das Ortsbild einfügen. Fünf Bed and Breakfast und zahlreiche Ferienwohnungen bieten ebenfalls Unterkunft. Rund 3 km vom Ort entfernt liegt eine Jugendherberge. Außerdem gibt es einen Campingplatz Les Cigales im Norden nahe der Straße D559.
Cassis verfügt über ein Museum (Musée municipal méditerranéen d’art et traditions populaires), eine Spielbank (casino) und zahlreiche Kunstgalerien.
Von Cassis aus fahren in den Frühjahrs- bis Herbstmonaten mehrmals stündlich Boote zu Besichtigungsfahrten in die Calanques aus. Am häufigsten besucht werden die drei am nächsten gelegenen Calanques von Port-Miou, Port-Pin und En-Vau. Eine Calanque ist ein vom Meer überschwemmtes steiles Flusstal. Cassis ist aber auch berühmt für Tauchferien, da das Wasser in den Calanques sehr klar ist. Es gibt zwei öffentliche überwachte Strände, den Sandstrand Plage de la Grande Mer und den Kiesstrand Plage du Bestouan; ferner kann in drei weiteren nicht überwachten Buchten oder auf den Klippen gebadet werden.
Im Herbst und Frühjahr sind die Wanderwege rund um die Calanques zugänglich. Der Zugang zu den Calanques ist vom 1. Juni bis zum 30. September wegen Waldbrandgefahr reglementiert. Die Brandgefahr ist abhängig von der Temperatur, den Niederschlägen, der Windstärke, der Feuchtigkeit der Vegetation und der Sonneneinstrahlung und wird von der Präfektur auf der Grundlage der Wettervorhersagen festgelegt. Aktuelle Beschränkungen werden im Internet veröffentlicht. Der Zugang, der Verkehr und das Parken von Fahrzeugen außer auf den für den öffentlichen Verkehr geöffneten Straßen sind das ganze Jahr über verboten. Stets geöffnet ist der Lehrpfad Sentier du Petit Prince auf der Halbinsel gegen Port-Miou, der zur Erinnerung an Antoine de Saint-Exupéry angelegt wurde. Der Schriftsteller und Pilot wurde 1944 über dem offenen Meer zwischen Cassis und Marseille abgeschossen. Das Flugzeugwrack wurde im Jahr 2000 in der Nähe der Île de Riou geortet und im Herbst 2003 geborgen.
(Wikipedia)
George Fife Angas. 1789 – 1879
George Fife Angas was born in Newcastle into a business family. His father ran a coachbuilding business. In 1804 George was made an apprentice in his father’s business and in 1808 he was made the secretary of the Newcastle Sunday School Union. He married Rosetta French in 1812 and began his philanthropy with the Baptist Church before he moved his growing family to London in 1824 where he established his own enterprises. He started his own shipping firm and became involved in banking and finance simultaneously with continuing his philanthropic and missionary work. He remained a devout Baptist in London. As soon as he arrived in London, the political centre, he began working to free slaves. Recent attempts have been made to besmirch the reputation of G F Angas. Some websites say he was a slave holder with 121 slaves in British Honduras. Nothing could be further from the truth. He is listed in slave records as he acted as the London agent for several Honduras slave-owners who were seeking compensation, which they were legally entitled to, from the British government after it abolished slavery in Honduras (now Belize) and elsewhere in 1833. Around 300 Indian slaves in Honduras were freed in 1824 directly at the behest of Angas and he worked with the Earl of Bathurst to get legislation enabling this through the House of Commons. Angas’ company and shipping business worked extensively with Honduras agents for mahogany timber which did use slave labour. But he never owned slaves and these incorrect websites would have done well to consult a 1929 publication to learn that. In that 1929 publication on SA by Sir Grenfell Price he says “Angas was concerned about the miseries of slaves and Mayan refugees in Honduras. He promoted missionary work there and was an associate of British reformers and abolitionists like William Wilberforce who spear headed the 1833 British Act to abolish slavery internationally.” Angas never received one penny directly from slave holding but like so much early 19th century British trade it was dependent on slave labour. In 1826 he formed G. F. Angas and Company and after his father’s death in 1831 he took over all his father’s companies and shipping and formed, with his cousin, the National Provincial Bank. In 1832 he joined the committee of the SA Land Company. Two years later when the SA Colonization Act was passed in Westminster Angas stepped in to buy up land in the new province as the Act required since sales were slow. He bought 13,000 acres which he transferred to the South Australian Company when it was formed in 1836 and he was the director of it. In March of 1836 he despatched three ships to the new province before the Governor on the Buffalo and Colonel William Light on the Rapid set sail for the province. At this time he also met with Lutheran Pastor Kavel from Hamburg and negotiated to loan money for the transportation of Lutherans to the new province which was to eschew Anglican dominance and to entice non conformists from Britain to the province. Angas did not look favourably at Catholics. He also founded the South Australian School Society in 1836 which led to the first schools in SA. In 1841 in London Angas established the South Australian Banking Company which helped finance the colony and in 1843 he sent his son John Howard Angas to look after his investments in the colony. At this time in the 1840s Angas travelled extensively in southern England promoting the province and urging people to sail to the new lands. Angas was always a shrewd businessman and he found fortune by selling the lands he acquired for £1 per acre at £10 per acre to the German Lutheran settlers. It had cost Angas £20,000 to bring out around 700 German Lutheran settlers. He believed that his wealth was given to him to do the Lord’s work.
Angas finally migrated to the colony arriving in January 1851 where he continued his philanthropy and pastoral and banking interests and he soon became a member of the Legislative Council for the district of Barossa for fifteen years from 1851 to 1866. He had his rural mansion built on his lands at Angaston and the house was named Lindsay Park. He purchased a town house at the corner of Torrens Road and Fitzroy Terrace as his city home in 1865. This enabled him to attend legislative Council meetings easily. His Prospect Hall as it was known was sold to John Howard Angas before his death and George Fife Angas died at his beloved Lindsay Park in 1879 where he was buried in the family vault on that property. George Fife Angas was strongly opposed to horse racing and gambling so it was somewhat ironic that when Lindsay Park was sold out of the family in 1965 it went to a horse racing magnate. After his death the only biography of Angas was published in 1891 by Edwin Hodder who liaised with John Howard Angas about his father’s life. Some say it presents an overly favourable and biased impression of George Fife Angas. One other commentator says George Fife Angas was often known as “philanthropy plus ten percent.”
George French Angas. 1822 – 1866.
This eldest son of George Fife Angas and Rosetta French was given his mother’s family name. At the age of 21 in 1843 he sailed to South Australia. He explored several regions of the colony including the South East with Governor Robe, the Coorong and his father’s lands in the Barossa. After six months he travelled on to New Zealand before returning to SA. As an accomplished watercolourist he painted wherever he went. In 1845 his watercolours of SA were displayed in the Legislative Council. In 1846 on his return to London he held a major exhibition there which also included his travels in NZ, Brazil and his works on native peoples including the Maori. In 1846-7 he published three volumes of lithographs from his water-colours entitled: South Australia Illustrated, The New Zealanders Illustrated and Savage Life and Scenes in Australia and New Zealand. After he married in 1849 he returned to Adelaide and set up a studio in King William Street. In 1851 he moved to NSW before returning again to the Barossa Valley in SA in 1860. In 1862 he took his family back to England where he published further illustrated naturalist books on South Australia. He died in 1886. His great legacy to SA was his detailed capture of life and landscapes in the early years of the colony.
John Howard Angas. 1823 – 1904.
John Howard Angas was born in Newcastle in 1823 but spent his childhood as a boarder in the village of Hutton in Essex to be near his school. He was sent to the colony of SA to manage his father’s lands and investments in 1843. At that time John Howard Angas was just 19 years old and he sailed with his sister Mrs Sarah Evans and his brother-in-law Henry Evans. Angas made his first home at Hutton Vale and later he moved to Tarrawatta where he later built Collingrove House for his new wife in 1856. By the time of his arrival he had mastered basic German to converse with his father’s tenants at Bethany and elsewhere and he soon began gathering a flock of sheep. Pastoralism was to become his major business interest. Apart from his pastoral interests he was community minded and served in the SA Legislative Council from 1871 to 1786 and later in the House of Assembly from 1887 to 1894. He developed some of his pastoral estates with his father but most were fully developed only by him and they ranged from the Flinders Ranges to Point Sturt on Lake Alexandrina but his main residence remained as Collingrove. He was interested in agriculture in general and education and he worked on building up animal studs for Shorthorn and Hereford cattle, Clydesdale, thoroughbred and carriage horses, Merino and Lincoln sheep and Berkshire pigs. He also experimented with pedigree donkeys and ostriches. He exhibited his stud stock in agricultural shows around Australia and won many prizes for the best animals over the years. He was involved with the Royal Agricultural and Horticultural Society of SA for many years. Angas Hall at the show grounds is a tribute to John Howard Angas. He was president of the Royal Agricultural and Horticultural Show from 1886 to 1888 but a member and sponsor of it for decades. He died at Collingrove in 1904 leaving a wife and two offspring Charles Howard Angas born in 1861 and Lillian Angas (later White) born in 1862. It was John Howard Angas who chose a Peramangk word for his property which covered Lindsay Park, Collingrove and Hutton Vale. The whole property was called Tarrawarra. In Peramangk language “tarra” means land that rises such as a hill and “warra” means a person’s land or area.
Flaxman Valley Special Surveys and the Father of South Australia.
Charles Flaxman was the Chief Clerk of George Fife Angas. After Angas had invested £20,000 in financing Pastor Kavel and four ship loads of German Lutherans to South Australia in 1838 he wanted to protect that investment. Around six hundred German Lutherans were transported to SA and at first they rented land from Angas at Klemzig. Angas had purchased 208 acres at Klemzig. Charles Flaxman sailed on one of the ships with Pastor Kavel as Angas’ agent in SA. The German Lutherans later purchased surveyed land at Bethany and elsewhere. This came about because Flaxman over reached his authority and committed George Fife Angas to buy seven Special Survey in 1839 for £28,000.
The special surveys covered much of the Barossa Valley. They included all of the headwaters of the North Para River which rises near Eden Valley and turns southward near Truro back towards Tanunda and Bethany. The surveys also follow every creek and river east of the Barossa Valley such as the North Rhine and the Keyneton to Springton districts. Bethany and Tanunda are near the southern end of the surveys. The widest point is ten miles across from near Sheoak Log to Eden Valley. Basically the main highway from Sheoak Log in a straight line to Truro was the western boundary of Angas’ special surveys. North to south the special surveys ran nearly 15 miles from Truro to Mt Crawford Forest.
The £28,000 required for the surveys nearly bankrupted Angas. He had to get a loan for the first time in his life, sell off his shares in the Union Bank and to sell his lands and other assets. Flaxman purchased part of the Barossa Special Survey towards Mt Crawford in his own name and he stayed on in SA after 1843 when John Howard Angas arrived. Flaxman later moved to Victoria and died there in 1869. Flaxman valley was named after him. Angas went on to become the largest individual landowner in SA in the 1840s and 1850s when others, especially the early pastoralists held all land as leasehold land only with just one 80 acre section freehold around their homestead. Thus Angas was regarded as the major freehold land owner in SA.
But why was he regarded as the “father of South Australia”? There were several reasons but he was certainly not the only “father” of this colony. Others who surely could claim that title include Robert Torrens, Robert Gouger, William Light etc. George Fife Angas worked on creating South Australia from 1830 and became involved with reformers like Edward Wakefield and the SA Land Company from 1832. The SA Land Company for investors disappeared but once the SA Colonization Act was passed in Britain in 1834 Angas became a devotee of the idea of a new colony. As an amount of land to the value of £35,000 had to be pre sold before settlement, according to the terms of that Act, Angas bought 13,000 acres himself to help the Colonization Commissioners meet that requirement. He became one of the Colonization Commissioners and helped form the South Australian Company and he was its first Chairman. Without the SA Company obtaining pre colonization land sales the colony would not have been approved by the British parliament so he was the father of SA in a very significant and pragmatic way. Partly because of the work of Angas the SA Company was offered banking rights for the new colony and this bank was very successful and under pinned some for the SA Company’s success. This bank was separated from the SA Company in 1841 and became the SA Bank. Angas then spruiked the colony after 1836 into the 1840s to encourage English farmers to make the big move across the world to become pioneers. After 1839 he became the largest freehold land owner in the colony with the seven Barossa Special Surveys – 28,000 acres. Once his son John Howard Angas was in the colony George Fife Angas continued to buy more and more land in many locations. He then contributed to the colony with his legislative work and his philanthropy. Although he was generally respected and afforded the “father of SA” title as his motives and ideals were ethical he was not popular with many because of his dictatorial style on committees. But was not a dictatorial style expected of all fathers in the Victorian era?
Angas Family Structures and Memorial North Adelaide.
Apart from the amazing bronze memorial to the Angas family in Angas Gardens North Adelaide South Australia is littered with named locations and features commemorating the Angas family. The city has Angas Street, the Barossa Valley has Angaston, the Royal Adelaide Showgrounds has the Angas Hall, the suburb of Mitcham has Angas Road as George Fife Angas took out 134 acres here in 1839 and east of the Mt Lofty Ranges near Sanderston is Angas Plains. George Fife Angas owned much land around Springton with tenant farmers and thus Springton has an Angas Street and likewise Angaston has an Angas Street and near Strathalbyn is Angas Hill. Although George Fife Angas purchased sections of land around many of the settled districts he had no linkages at all with Macclesfield and the headwaters of the Angas River. A group of explorers going overland to Lake Alexandrina on 31st December 1837 discovered a river in the Adelaide Hills. The party led by Robert cock and William Finlayson named the river in honour of George Fife Angas who was Chairman of the South Australian Company in London and had been a tireless worker and promoter of the new colony. The Angas River is about 50 kms long and flows into Lake Alexandrina at Milang after flowing through Strathalbyn. Between Strathalbyn and Milang there is the district of Angas Plains named because of the river.
The most prominent memorial to the Angas family was not put up by public subscription which was usual in early years but by the Angas family itself. The complex bronze in an Italian marble canopy was sculpted by English artist William Colton and is called Fame. The winged figure Fame (not an angel) holds a laurel wreath above pointing to the four bas reliefs around the sculpture. One is about George Fife Angas with a bas relief of German immigrants arriving on a ship and the other is of John Howard Angas and a bas relief of a horse .The whole sculpture is based on a Rodin sculpture. Work began on the sculpture in 1909. When the sculpture was finished in 1915 the Angas descendants wanted it placed in Victoria Square. But this was a site reserved for the statue of Charles Sturt. As the Victoria Square site was opposed by the Trades and Labour Council and the Sturt Fund the family accepted a location on North Terrace in front of government House. It was moved to its present site in 1930 when it and other statues were moved from North Terrace. Not everyone saw the Angas family as great benefactors and the sculpture was vandalised in 1941. All the leaves were stripped from the palm frond. In sharp contrast to this great memorial is a charming small carved memorial to George Fife Angas in the Gruenberg Lutheran Church near Moculta put there in 1864 in recognition of Angas’ gift to that church’s building fund.
Angas Buildings Adelaide Children’s Hospital.
John Howard Angas left as big a legacy for South Australia as his father did if not bigger. Historian Douglas Pike described John Howard Angas as George Fife Angas’ best memorial to SA. Both George Fife and John Howard Angas gave £500 each in 1874 to the fund to establish the Children’s Hospital in 1876. John Howard Angas was a consistent donor and benefactor over many decades. By 1903 he had donated £7,752 directly to the Children’s Hospital. Apart from serving in parliament he served on several pastoral, agricultural, educational and medical associations. John Howard Angas was vice president of the Adelaide Children’s Hospital from 1876 to 1904. His legacy to the hospital was the Angas Buildings on King William Road. The Angas Building was the second major building of the hospital and is now the oldest part of it. The Adelaide Children’s Hospital was formed in 1876 by a group of doctors and benefactors including both George Fife and John Howard Angas. Sixteen years later in 1892 John Howard Angas said he was prepared to defray the entire costs, about £2,000, for the second building which was needed by then. When the new Angas Building opened it doubled the number of beds or cots in the hospital. Angas commissioned architect Alfred Wells in 1893 to design a building facing King William Road which would form a quadrangle with the first building. It would contain two surgical wards, an outpatients section, dispensary and quarters for the surgeons. It opened in 1894. As offshoots of his work with the Children’s Hospital John Howard Angas also gave £600 to establish a children’s convalescent home at Mt Lofty and earlier in 1890 he donated £1,900 to build a new wing onto the children’s convalescent home at Semaphore. Angas commissioned architects Garlick and Partners to design the new wing at Semaphore. By 1903 John Howard Angas had donated £7,572 to the hospital.
Angas Home for the Deaf and Dumb.
Another of John Howard Angas’ philanthropic interests was health and disability exemplified by his role at the Adelaide Children’s Hospital. He was also on the founding committee for the deaf society which was able to establish a home at Brighton in 1874. John Howard Angas donated £400 to the establishment fund and then became a regular donor giving around £200 annually. Then in 1898 he donated 280 acres of good farming land at Parafield to the SA Deaf Society. Its value was over £3,000. With his support two substantial stone accommodation blocks were built with them opening in 1899. It was the first institution in the world to cater for blind, deaf and mute people in one institution. Additions were made in 1904 to bring the total number of bedrooms to thirty. The residents worked on the farm which was more or less self-sufficient with dairy and beef cattle, pigs, sheep and cropping lands. There was a well provided excellent water supply for the home as it was not far from the Little Para River. SA Deaf Society sold the home in 1979. Part has been demolished but part remains as the central buildings of the Gardens Islamic College.
Belair Inebriates House and the Angas Missionary College North Adelaide.
George Fife Angas gave 80 acres of land to a group of trustees for the Belair Inebriates House in 1874 and a further £1,500 for the building this being from himself and his son John Howard Angas. But George Fife Angas died in 1879 and did not see the building completed. The original building was replaced with the a Gothic one in 1883 which cost over £6,000 to construct and it was able to accommodate 52 inmates. Reverend Morton a Presbyterian minister from Melbourne who was a friend of John Howard Angas visited Belair Inebriates Retreat in 1883 and then returned in 1893 to take charge of the facility. But Morton’s main focus was the theological training of missionaries. John Howard Angas had donated money in the early 1870s for a Baptist theological college but it only operated for a year or two. He re-activated a missionary training school at Belair in the Inebriates Retreat in 1893. It only operated at Belair until 1898 for at that time Whinham College in Jeffcott Street North Adelaide closed and John Howard Angas purchased that site for the Angas Missionary College. (Whinham College operated 1854 to 1898. The towered building was erected in 1882.) Missionaries were trained to work in the Pacific Island, India, China, Africa and South America at this North Adelaide site. By 1904 when John Howard Angas died some 210 missionaries had been trained. Although Belair had trained both men and women from 1893 that ceased in 1895 when a Ladies Missionary College was established at Kensington. From 1898 male missionaries were trained in Angas College North Adelaide. Angas Missionary College closed when World War One started and that site became the Lutheran theological seminary and Immanuel College from 1921 onwards. The City of Adelaide heritage plaque on this building fails to even mention the existence of the Angas Missionary Training College here from 1893 to 1914.
Bethany.
This very German village of Bethanian began in 1842 on land leased from George Fife Angas. (In 1917 it was Anglicised by act of parliament to Bethany.) It was not the first settlement in the Barossa as Lyndoch was but it was the first German settlement in the Barossa Valley. Most of the Bethany settlers were assisted migrants brought out to SA by George Fife Angas and they came from Hahndorf and from Lobethal. By 1843 around 200 people were living here and several hundred acres of land was ploughed and under crop. The village was laid out in a Hufendorf style with the houses on the street and the land in narrow strips behind the houses. Some of these early houses still remain. The land reached back to Tanunda Creek. The first settlers had to live a self-sufficient lifestyle growing their own grain, killing their own meat, growing their own vegetables, preserving meat and making sausages and making butter and cheese from their cows and gathering eggs from their poultry. The village was bypassed by the main road to Tanunda and it never developed into a major town. But a church and Lutheran cemetery was established. A Lutheran school began in 1843 led by a disciple of Pastor Fritzsche of Lobethal. By 1845 the village had its own pug and thatch church the Herberge Christi Church which was replaced with a fine bluestone Gothic church in 1883 for £723. English services were introduced here in 1924. This Bethany Church strongly supported the Hermannsburg Aboriginal Mission Station in the Northern Territory. Behind the church is the early Lutheran School which closed in 1917. Also at the church is a stone memorial to the missionaries who established Hermannsburg Aboriginal Mission from here in 1875. The pioneer cemetery has some interesting memorials and behind one cottage is an early slaughter house with a steeply pitched iron roof. At some stage in the 1860s, or later, the German settlers were able to purchase the freehold to their lands from the Angas family. Angas ended up selling land that he paid £1 per acre for at a good profit. A contract of 1839 signed by Pastor Kavel and the first Lutheran Synod was to purchase land from Angas at £10 per acre. This contract was eventually revoked and settlers were able to lease or buy land individually but most of the first German settlers paid £10 per acre for their farms at Bethany.
Angaston.
The town takes its name from George Fife Angas a Scot born in 1789. He was a Commissioner and shareholder in the SA Company and loaned money to Pastor Kavel to bring Lutheran migrants out to the new colony. He recovered the money loaned to Pastor Kavel by selling the land in the Barossa that he had paid £1 per acre to the German migrants at £10 per acre. Angas Town was developed from 1842. The first inhabitant was Gottfried Schilling and nearby Bethany was established in the same year on Angas’ land. Angas Town was soon changed to German’s Pass as it was a pass through the ranges to the Mallee plains and the River Murray. From 1857 German’s Pass was known as Angaston. Angaston always had a mix of English and German settlers. The town progressed greatly in the 1860s and beyond and a major employer was the Angas Park Fruit Company which was established in 1911. That was the year the railway arrived from Gawler. Several early wineries were other major employers in the town and district.
Among the buildings donated or supported by George Fife Angas in Angaston is the Union Chapel which he paid for in 1844. It was to be available for all religious groups but as the churches got their own buildings there was little need for it. After being used for storage for decades it was restored some years ago in 1994. It is one of the oldest churches in South Australia as it opened in February 1844. George Fife Angas’ daughter Sarah Evan of Evandale near Keyneton laid the foundation stone in 1843. John Howard Angas supervised the construction of the Union Chapel as George Fife Angas was still in England at this time. Similarly John Howard Angas donated land for a Union Chapel in Truro which was built in 1850. It was later replaced or incorporated into a new Truro Congregational Church in 1860.
Whilst in the Main Street look for the following as they should all be easily identifiable as you head up the hill towards the east.
Rose Villa- interesting old house opposite Zion Lutheran Church. It was built as a manse for the Baptists minister John Hannay who served 1855-1865. Hannay was the son in law of George Fife Angas. It is constructed of bluestone and soapstone. Daniel Garlick was the architect.
Zion Lutheran Church. This Romanesque style church was built as a Baptist Church in 1855. George Fife Angas donated the land and other funds for the church. The Baptists closed the church in 1929. The Lutherans purchased it in 1941 calling it the Zion Lutheran. The soapstone in the quoins came from Lindsay Park estate the home of George Fife Angas.
Old Post Office. It was built in 1880 although mail was delivered to the town from 1846. Telegraph arrived 1866. Telephone service arrived in 1911. It is still the post office. Note the weeds in the gutters.
Former offices of Fiest and Fiest Land Agents. There is a date on the building of 1903 which is late for a partly classical style building. The Marseilles tiled roof was ultra-modern when this was built in 1903. It is now a wine cafe and bar.
Angaston Hotel. The original 1846 structure was added to in 1879 and then rebuilt with an upper story in 1914 in typical Art Nouveau style with lots of woodwork. The decoration above the door is worth noting.
Turn right here into Sturt Street.
Turn right again into South terrace to reach the old railway station.
Go west to the Angaston Railway station. This timber framed station was erected in 1911 when the railway reached Angaston from Gawler.
Continue up Sturt Street to the town Hall and behind it the Congregational Church.
“New” Institute Town Hall Building. This is up the side street from the hotel. It was also built in 1911 of local grey marble and bluestone with the village green in front of it. It has perpendicular gothic features with good symmetry and fine detail to the window surrounds. The central pillars and gable accentuate the best features of the building. The Angas family assisted financially with the costs of construction.
Just behind the Institute is the Congregational Church. The architect was Daniel Garlick. The foundation stone was laid in 1877 by John Howard Angas the major donor and patron of the church. It is now the Uniting Church.
Return to the Main Street and turn right.
The Masonic Lodge. Erected in 1867 as a joint enterprise with the Mechanics Institute. Angas donated the land and £100 towards the cost. It operated as a Mechanics Institute Library until the new Library/ Town hall opened in 1911. Then the old Mechanics Institute was sold to the Masons. That is why the façade says 1910. It was actually built in 1867.And that is why it does not have small half rounded windows and a look of secrecy like most masonic Halls.
First Cemetery. This is beyond the car park behind the Masonic Lodge and the public toilets. The old cemetery opened in 1847. Many early burials were of children who died of diseases like typhoid and dysentery. Over 200 people were buried here. Return to the Main Street.
The old Flour Mill. Edwin Davey of Truro established this is 1885. Lauckes bought the mill in 1933 and operated it until 1976. It is a good 3 storey example of a mill with huge unsawn gum tree supports on the veranda and the adjoining building which is now the Machinery Preservation Society building. The mill is made of blue stone.
Doddridge Blacksmith Shop. This was established in 1876 by a Cornish migrant. It produced horse shoes, wrought iron carts, ploughs, tools and farm equipment. It did not close until the 1970s when the smithy was then 86 years old. A community effort purchased it in 1981 to operate as a tourist attraction.
The Bank of Adelaide. Built in 1885 with and Italianate facade with perfect symmetry, roof top balustrade, central entrance with triangular pediment above porch etc. Some additions made in 1894. It was the bank and the upper floor was the residence for the bank manager.
The former Wesleyan Methodist Church. Built in 1864 but it closed in 1977 when the Congregational, Presbyterian and Methodist churches were united. At the rear the Davey Methodist Hall was built in 1911 like so many other buildings in the town. 1911 was clearly a year of great optimism and change in Angaston. For many years it was an antique centre.
Collingrove and the Angas family Church.
John Howard Angas emigrated to SA in 1843 to oversee some of his father’s business interests. In 1854 John Howard
Angas returned to England, married and then returned to Angaston where his brother-in-law designed and built Collingrove homestead in 1856 for John Howard Angas and his wife Suzanne Collins. Hence the house was named Collingrove. In 1874 John’s father, a devout Baptist, had a small chapel built for his employees and family to worship in. It opened as a Congregational Church. The Congregational minister from Keyneton usually conducted the services there. Angas supported all protestant denominations but he was openly hostile towards Catholics. John Howard Angas was buried from this church in 1904. He left £2,000 in his estate to the Congregational trustees to continue to run the church. When the Anglican Bishop took over the church in 1911 a court case was threatened as the trustees had possibly breached the trust placed in them by the will of John Howard Angas. The church became St. Faiths Anglican until it closed. It was closed by the time Ronald Angas, grandson of John Howard Angas donated Collingrove to the National Trust in 1976.
Hutton Vale.
John Howard Angas was born in Newcastle in 1823 but raised in the village of Hutton from the age of four - at first as a boarder and then with his parent who moved there too. At the age of 20 John Howard Angas was sent to South Australia by his father and his first home and residence he called Hutton Vale farm. It was on part of his father’s seven Special Surveys along the North Para River. The current owner of Hutton Vale farm is John Angas whose great great grandfather was John Howard Angas. The property is on Hutton Vale Road which runs from Collingrove to Moculta. Upon arrival in 1843 John Howard Angas had a stone house built at Hutton Vale which was his residence until Collingrove was erected in 1856. Today Hutton Vale’s 2,000 acres is the last of the original 28,000 acres still owned by the Angas family in the Barossa Valley. John Angas has lived in the house at Hutton Vale all of his life. It is a mixed farm with fruit trees, vines sheep and grain. The old 1850s grain store is now the kitchen for John’s residence. The farm has tourist accommodation, garden produce and cellar door sales of wine from Riesling, Shiraz, Cabernet Sauvignon and Grenache Mataro grapes. Only the roof top of Hutton Vale house is visible from the road.
Lindsay Park.
This house was built in the late 1840s as a home for George Fife Angas with the architect being his son-in-law Henry Evans. Henry Evans had married a daughter of George Fife Angas and he was the one who designed Collingrove homestead and Lindsay Park homestead for the Angas family. Henry’s wife was so opposed to alcohol and wine making that she made Henry have his grape vines grafted with currents rather than grapes for wine. Thus, almost by accident Henry Evans founded the dried fruit industry in the Angaston district! When George Fife Angas came out to SA Henry Evans and his family moved to Keyneton a mile or so away. From 1851 Lindsay Park was used as the family home of the “founder of SA” George Fife Angas. It was extended several times. After George Fife Angas’ death the house and property remained in the Angas family until 1965 when the last inheritor of the Lindsay Park, Sir Keith Angas, sold the property to horse breeding trainer Colin Hayes. It was then developed into the preeminent horse training facility and breeding stud in Australia. Even Queen Elizabeth visited there on one of her trips to SA. When Colin Hayes retired in 1990 the stud and training facility was continued by his son David Hayes. David Hayes sold his share of Lindsay Park facility to his nephew and business partners in 2008 when he moved to Euroa in Victoria. The property was then sold to winemaker David Powell for $10 million in 2013 to become an exclusive tourist resort. Recently in 2023 this property has been sold to the Brendan Smart family from Keith who want to return the property to its original use as a sheep and cattle property. The mansion is not visible from the road. Both George Fife Angas and his wife and John Howard Angas and other family were buried in the family vault at Lindsay Park estate. There is no public access to this private family vault of one of the main pioneering families of South Australia or to the estate.
Plage Centrale 13/06/2017 13h59
Mister Bloomingdales is enjoying the little friendly town Bandol and officially declared his love with the Côte d'Azur. In total we spent 30 minutes in Bandol and the temperature was 30° C at the time I took this photo.
Bandol
Bandol is a commune in Var department, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region, southeastern France. Bandol and the seat of its eponymous commune, was founded in 1595 and built around a small military fort.
The Bandol wine region, located near the coast east of Marseille and Cassis, is one of Provence’s most internationally recognized wine regions. Built around the village of Bandol, west of Toulon, the Bandol AOC covers the production of 8 communes with silicon & limestone soils. Those soils and the warm, coastal climate are ideally suited for the late ripening Mourvèdre grape which is the major variety of the region. For both the red and rosé wines, Mourvèdre must account for at least 50% of the blend, though most producers will use significantly more, with Grenache & Cinsaut usually filling out the rest of the wine’s composition.
Population: 7.8 K (2014)
Area: 8,58 km2
Density: 918/km2
Elevation: 0-221 meters
[ Source and more Info: Wikipedia - Bandol ]
George Fife Angas. 1789 – 1879
George Fife Angas was born in Newcastle into a business family. His father ran a coachbuilding business. In 1804 George was made an apprentice in his father’s business and in 1808 he was made the secretary of the Newcastle Sunday School Union. He married Rosetta French in 1812 and began his philanthropy with the Baptist Church before he moved his growing family to London in 1824 where he established his own enterprises. He started his own shipping firm and became involved in banking and finance simultaneously with continuing his philanthropic and missionary work. He remained a devout Baptist in London. As soon as he arrived in London, the political centre, he began working to free slaves. Recent attempts have been made to besmirch the reputation of G F Angas. Some websites say he was a slave holder with 121 slaves in British Honduras. Nothing could be further from the truth. He is listed in slave records as he acted as the London agent for several Honduras slave-owners who were seeking compensation, which they were legally entitled to, from the British government after it abolished slavery in Honduras (now Belize) and elsewhere in 1833. Around 300 Indian slaves in Honduras were freed in 1824 directly at the behest of Angas and he worked with the Earl of Bathurst to get legislation enabling this through the House of Commons. Angas’ company and shipping business worked extensively with Honduras agents for mahogany timber which did use slave labour. But he never owned slaves and these incorrect websites would have done well to consult a 1929 publication to learn that. In that 1929 publication on SA by Sir Grenfell Price he says “Angas was concerned about the miseries of slaves and Mayan refugees in Honduras. He promoted missionary work there and was an associate of British reformers and abolitionists like William Wilberforce who spear headed the 1833 British Act to abolish slavery internationally.” Angas never received one penny directly from slave holding but like so much early 19th century British trade it was dependent on slave labour. In 1826 he formed G. F. Angas and Company and after his father’s death in 1831 he took over all his father’s companies and shipping and formed, with his cousin, the National Provincial Bank. In 1832 he joined the committee of the SA Land Company. Two years later when the SA Colonization Act was passed in Westminster Angas stepped in to buy up land in the new province as the Act required since sales were slow. He bought 13,000 acres which he transferred to the South Australian Company when it was formed in 1836 and he was the director of it. In March of 1836 he despatched three ships to the new province before the Governor on the Buffalo and Colonel William Light on the Rapid set sail for the province. At this time he also met with Lutheran Pastor Kavel from Hamburg and negotiated to loan money for the transportation of Lutherans to the new province which was to eschew Anglican dominance and to entice non conformists from Britain to the province. Angas did not look favourably at Catholics. He also founded the South Australian School Society in 1836 which led to the first schools in SA. In 1841 in London Angas established the South Australian Banking Company which helped finance the colony and in 1843 he sent his son John Howard Angas to look after his investments in the colony. At this time in the 1840s Angas travelled extensively in southern England promoting the province and urging people to sail to the new lands. Angas was always a shrewd businessman and he found fortune by selling the lands he acquired for £1 per acre at £10 per acre to the German Lutheran settlers. It had cost Angas £20,000 to bring out around 700 German Lutheran settlers. He believed that his wealth was given to him to do the Lord’s work.
Angas finally migrated to the colony arriving in January 1851 where he continued his philanthropy and pastoral and banking interests and he soon became a member of the Legislative Council for the district of Barossa for fifteen years from 1851 to 1866. He had his rural mansion built on his lands at Angaston and the house was named Lindsay Park. He purchased a town house at the corner of Torrens Road and Fitzroy Terrace as his city home in 1865. This enabled him to attend legislative Council meetings easily. His Prospect Hall as it was known was sold to John Howard Angas before his death and George Fife Angas died at his beloved Lindsay Park in 1879 where he was buried in the family vault on that property. George Fife Angas was strongly opposed to horse racing and gambling so it was somewhat ironic that when Lindsay Park was sold out of the family in 1965 it went to a horse racing magnate. After his death the only biography of Angas was published in 1891 by Edwin Hodder who liaised with John Howard Angas about his father’s life. Some say it presents an overly favourable and biased impression of George Fife Angas. One other commentator says George Fife Angas was often known as “philanthropy plus ten percent.”
George French Angas. 1822 – 1866.
This eldest son of George Fife Angas and Rosetta French was given his mother’s family name. At the age of 21 in 1843 he sailed to South Australia. He explored several regions of the colony including the South East with Governor Robe, the Coorong and his father’s lands in the Barossa. After six months he travelled on to New Zealand before returning to SA. As an accomplished watercolourist he painted wherever he went. In 1845 his watercolours of SA were displayed in the Legislative Council. In 1846 on his return to London he held a major exhibition there which also included his travels in NZ, Brazil and his works on native peoples including the Maori. In 1846-7 he published three volumes of lithographs from his water-colours entitled: South Australia Illustrated, The New Zealanders Illustrated and Savage Life and Scenes in Australia and New Zealand. After he married in 1849 he returned to Adelaide and set up a studio in King William Street. In 1851 he moved to NSW before returning again to the Barossa Valley in SA in 1860. In 1862 he took his family back to England where he published further illustrated naturalist books on South Australia. He died in 1886. His great legacy to SA was his detailed capture of life and landscapes in the early years of the colony.
John Howard Angas. 1823 – 1904.
John Howard Angas was born in Newcastle in 1823 but spent his childhood as a boarder in the village of Hutton in Essex to be near his school. He was sent to the colony of SA to manage his father’s lands and investments in 1843. At that time John Howard Angas was just 19 years old and he sailed with his sister Mrs Sarah Evans and his brother-in-law Henry Evans. Angas made his first home at Hutton Vale and later he moved to Tarrawatta where he later built Collingrove House for his new wife in 1856. By the time of his arrival he had mastered basic German to converse with his father’s tenants at Bethany and elsewhere and he soon began gathering a flock of sheep. Pastoralism was to become his major business interest. Apart from his pastoral interests he was community minded and served in the SA Legislative Council from 1871 to 1786 and later in the House of Assembly from 1887 to 1894. He developed some of his pastoral estates with his father but most were fully developed only by him and they ranged from the Flinders Ranges to Point Sturt on Lake Alexandrina but his main residence remained as Collingrove. He was interested in agriculture in general and education and he worked on building up animal studs for Shorthorn and Hereford cattle, Clydesdale, thoroughbred and carriage horses, Merino and Lincoln sheep and Berkshire pigs. He also experimented with pedigree donkeys and ostriches. He exhibited his stud stock in agricultural shows around Australia and won many prizes for the best animals over the years. He was involved with the Royal Agricultural and Horticultural Society of SA for many years. Angas Hall at the show grounds is a tribute to John Howard Angas. He was president of the Royal Agricultural and Horticultural Show from 1886 to 1888 but a member and sponsor of it for decades. He died at Collingrove in 1904 leaving a wife and two offspring Charles Howard Angas born in 1861 and Lillian Angas (later White) born in 1862. It was John Howard Angas who chose a Peramangk word for his property which covered Lindsay Park, Collingrove and Hutton Vale. The whole property was called Tarrawarra. In Peramangk language “tarra” means land that rises such as a hill and “warra” means a person’s land or area.
Flaxman Valley Special Surveys and the Father of South Australia.
Charles Flaxman was the Chief Clerk of George Fife Angas. After Angas had invested £20,000 in financing Pastor Kavel and four ship loads of German Lutherans to South Australia in 1838 he wanted to protect that investment. Around six hundred German Lutherans were transported to SA and at first they rented land from Angas at Klemzig. Angas had purchased 208 acres at Klemzig. Charles Flaxman sailed on one of the ships with Pastor Kavel as Angas’ agent in SA. The German Lutherans later purchased surveyed land at Bethany and elsewhere. This came about because Flaxman over reached his authority and committed George Fife Angas to buy seven Special Survey in 1839 for £28,000.
The special surveys covered much of the Barossa Valley. They included all of the headwaters of the North Para River which rises near Eden Valley and turns southward near Truro back towards Tanunda and Bethany. The surveys also follow every creek and river east of the Barossa Valley such as the North Rhine and the Keyneton to Springton districts. Bethany and Tanunda are near the southern end of the surveys. The widest point is ten miles across from near Sheoak Log to Eden Valley. Basically the main highway from Sheoak Log in a straight line to Truro was the western boundary of Angas’ special surveys. North to south the special surveys ran nearly 15 miles from Truro to Mt Crawford Forest.
The £28,000 required for the surveys nearly bankrupted Angas. He had to get a loan for the first time in his life, sell off his shares in the Union Bank and to sell his lands and other assets. Flaxman purchased part of the Barossa Special Survey towards Mt Crawford in his own name and he stayed on in SA after 1843 when John Howard Angas arrived. Flaxman later moved to Victoria and died there in 1869. Flaxman valley was named after him. Angas went on to become the largest individual landowner in SA in the 1840s and 1850s when others, especially the early pastoralists held all land as leasehold land only with just one 80 acre section freehold around their homestead. Thus Angas was regarded as the major freehold land owner in SA.
But why was he regarded as the “father of South Australia”? There were several reasons but he was certainly not the only “father” of this colony. Others who surely could claim that title include Robert Torrens, Robert Gouger, William Light etc. George Fife Angas worked on creating South Australia from 1830 and became involved with reformers like Edward Wakefield and the SA Land Company from 1832. The SA Land Company for investors disappeared but once the SA Colonization Act was passed in Britain in 1834 Angas became a devotee of the idea of a new colony. As an amount of land to the value of £35,000 had to be pre sold before settlement, according to the terms of that Act, Angas bought 13,000 acres himself to help the Colonization Commissioners meet that requirement. He became one of the Colonization Commissioners and helped form the South Australian Company and he was its first Chairman. Without the SA Company obtaining pre colonization land sales the colony would not have been approved by the British parliament so he was the father of SA in a very significant and pragmatic way. Partly because of the work of Angas the SA Company was offered banking rights for the new colony and this bank was very successful and under pinned some for the SA Company’s success. This bank was separated from the SA Company in 1841 and became the SA Bank. Angas then spruiked the colony after 1836 into the 1840s to encourage English farmers to make the big move across the world to become pioneers. After 1839 he became the largest freehold land owner in the colony with the seven Barossa Special Surveys – 28,000 acres. Once his son John Howard Angas was in the colony George Fife Angas continued to buy more and more land in many locations. He then contributed to the colony with his legislative work and his philanthropy. Although he was generally respected and afforded the “father of SA” title as his motives and ideals were ethical he was not popular with many because of his dictatorial style on committees. But was not a dictatorial style expected of all fathers in the Victorian era?
Angas Family Structures and Memorial North Adelaide.
Apart from the amazing bronze memorial to the Angas family in Angas Gardens North Adelaide South Australia is littered with named locations and features commemorating the Angas family. The city has Angas Street, the Barossa Valley has Angaston, the Royal Adelaide Showgrounds has the Angas Hall, the suburb of Mitcham has Angas Road as George Fife Angas took out 134 acres here in 1839 and east of the Mt Lofty Ranges near Sanderston is Angas Plains. George Fife Angas owned much land around Springton with tenant farmers and thus Springton has an Angas Street and likewise Angaston has an Angas Street and near Strathalbyn is Angas Hill. Although George Fife Angas purchased sections of land around many of the settled districts he had no linkages at all with Macclesfield and the headwaters of the Angas River. A group of explorers going overland to Lake Alexandrina on 31st December 1837 discovered a river in the Adelaide Hills. The party led by Robert cock and William Finlayson named the river in honour of George Fife Angas who was Chairman of the South Australian Company in London and had been a tireless worker and promoter of the new colony. The Angas River is about 50 kms long and flows into Lake Alexandrina at Milang after flowing through Strathalbyn. Between Strathalbyn and Milang there is the district of Angas Plains named because of the river.
The most prominent memorial to the Angas family was not put up by public subscription which was usual in early years but by the Angas family itself. The complex bronze in an Italian marble canopy was sculpted by English artist William Colton and is called Fame. The winged figure Fame (not an angel) holds a laurel wreath above pointing to the four bas reliefs around the sculpture. One is about George Fife Angas with a bas relief of German immigrants arriving on a ship and the other is of John Howard Angas and a bas relief of a horse .The whole sculpture is based on a Rodin sculpture. Work began on the sculpture in 1909. When the sculpture was finished in 1915 the Angas descendants wanted it placed in Victoria Square. But this was a site reserved for the statue of Charles Sturt. As the Victoria Square site was opposed by the Trades and Labour Council and the Sturt Fund the family accepted a location on North Terrace in front of government House. It was moved to its present site in 1930 when it and other statues were moved from North Terrace. Not everyone saw the Angas family as great benefactors and the sculpture was vandalised in 1941. All the leaves were stripped from the palm frond. In sharp contrast to this great memorial is a charming small carved memorial to George Fife Angas in the Gruenberg Lutheran Church near Moculta put there in 1864 in recognition of Angas’ gift to that church’s building fund.
Angas Buildings Adelaide Children’s Hospital.
John Howard Angas left as big a legacy for South Australia as his father did if not bigger. Historian Douglas Pike described John Howard Angas as George Fife Angas’ best memorial to SA. Both George Fife and John Howard Angas gave £500 each in 1874 to the fund to establish the Children’s Hospital in 1876. John Howard Angas was a consistent donor and benefactor over many decades. By 1903 he had donated £7,752 directly to the Children’s Hospital. Apart from serving in parliament he served on several pastoral, agricultural, educational and medical associations. John Howard Angas was vice president of the Adelaide Children’s Hospital from 1876 to 1904. His legacy to the hospital was the Angas Buildings on King William Road. The Angas Building was the second major building of the hospital and is now the oldest part of it. The Adelaide Children’s Hospital was formed in 1876 by a group of doctors and benefactors including both George Fife and John Howard Angas. Sixteen years later in 1892 John Howard Angas said he was prepared to defray the entire costs, about £2,000, for the second building which was needed by then. When the new Angas Building opened it doubled the number of beds or cots in the hospital. Angas commissioned architect Alfred Wells in 1893 to design a building facing King William Road which would form a quadrangle with the first building. It would contain two surgical wards, an outpatients section, dispensary and quarters for the surgeons. It opened in 1894. As offshoots of his work with the Children’s Hospital John Howard Angas also gave £600 to establish a children’s convalescent home at Mt Lofty and earlier in 1890 he donated £1,900 to build a new wing onto the children’s convalescent home at Semaphore. Angas commissioned architects Garlick and Partners to design the new wing at Semaphore. By 1903 John Howard Angas had donated £7,572 to the hospital.
Angas Home for the Deaf and Dumb.
Another of John Howard Angas’ philanthropic interests was health and disability exemplified by his role at the Adelaide Children’s Hospital. He was also on the founding committee for the deaf society which was able to establish a home at Brighton in 1874. John Howard Angas donated £400 to the establishment fund and then became a regular donor giving around £200 annually. Then in 1898 he donated 280 acres of good farming land at Parafield to the SA Deaf Society. Its value was over £3,000. With his support two substantial stone accommodation blocks were built with them opening in 1899. It was the first institution in the world to cater for blind, deaf and mute people in one institution. Additions were made in 1904 to bring the total number of bedrooms to thirty. The residents worked on the farm which was more or less self-sufficient with dairy and beef cattle, pigs, sheep and cropping lands. There was a well provided excellent water supply for the home as it was not far from the Little Para River. SA Deaf Society sold the home in 1979. Part has been demolished but part remains as the central buildings of the Gardens Islamic College.
Belair Inebriates House and the Angas Missionary College North Adelaide.
George Fife Angas gave 80 acres of land to a group of trustees for the Belair Inebriates House in 1874 and a further £1,500 for the building this being from himself and his son John Howard Angas. But George Fife Angas died in 1879 and did not see the building completed. The original building was replaced with the a Gothic one in 1883 which cost over £6,000 to construct and it was able to accommodate 52 inmates. Reverend Morton a Presbyterian minister from Melbourne who was a friend of John Howard Angas visited Belair Inebriates Retreat in 1883 and then returned in 1893 to take charge of the facility. But Morton’s main focus was the theological training of missionaries. John Howard Angas had donated money in the early 1870s for a Baptist theological college but it only operated for a year or two. He re-activated a missionary training school at Belair in the Inebriates Retreat in 1893. It only operated at Belair until 1898 for at that time Whinham College in Jeffcott Street North Adelaide closed and John Howard Angas purchased that site for the Angas Missionary College. (Whinham College operated 1854 to 1898. The towered building was erected in 1882.) Missionaries were trained to work in the Pacific Island, India, China, Africa and South America at this North Adelaide site. By 1904 when John Howard Angas died some 210 missionaries had been trained. Although Belair had trained both men and women from 1893 that ceased in 1895 when a Ladies Missionary College was established at Kensington. From 1898 male missionaries were trained in Angas College North Adelaide. Angas Missionary College closed when World War One started and that site became the Lutheran theological seminary and Immanuel College from 1921 onwards. The City of Adelaide heritage plaque on this building fails to even mention the existence of the Angas Missionary Training College here from 1893 to 1914.
Bethany.
This very German village of Bethanian began in 1842 on land leased from George Fife Angas. (In 1917 it was Anglicised by act of parliament to Bethany.) It was not the first settlement in the Barossa as Lyndoch was but it was the first German settlement in the Barossa Valley. Most of the Bethany settlers were assisted migrants brought out to SA by George Fife Angas and they came from Hahndorf and from Lobethal. By 1843 around 200 people were living here and several hundred acres of land was ploughed and under crop. The village was laid out in a Hufendorf style with the houses on the street and the land in narrow strips behind the houses. Some of these early houses still remain. The land reached back to Tanunda Creek. The first settlers had to live a self-sufficient lifestyle growing their own grain, killing their own meat, growing their own vegetables, preserving meat and making sausages and making butter and cheese from their cows and gathering eggs from their poultry. The village was bypassed by the main road to Tanunda and it never developed into a major town. But a church and Lutheran cemetery was established. A Lutheran school began in 1843 led by a disciple of Pastor Fritzsche of Lobethal. By 1845 the village had its own pug and thatch church the Herberge Christi Church which was replaced with a fine bluestone Gothic church in 1883 for £723. English services were introduced here in 1924. This Bethany Church strongly supported the Hermannsburg Aboriginal Mission Station in the Northern Territory. Behind the church is the early Lutheran School which closed in 1917. Also at the church is a stone memorial to the missionaries who established Hermannsburg Aboriginal Mission from here in 1875. The pioneer cemetery has some interesting memorials and behind one cottage is an early slaughter house with a steeply pitched iron roof. At some stage in the 1860s, or later, the German settlers were able to purchase the freehold to their lands from the Angas family. Angas ended up selling land that he paid £1 per acre for at a good profit. A contract of 1839 signed by Pastor Kavel and the first Lutheran Synod was to purchase land from Angas at £10 per acre. This contract was eventually revoked and settlers were able to lease or buy land individually but most of the first German settlers paid £10 per acre for their farms at Bethany.
Angaston.
The town takes its name from George Fife Angas a Scot born in 1789. He was a Commissioner and shareholder in the SA Company and loaned money to Pastor Kavel to bring Lutheran migrants out to the new colony. He recovered the money loaned to Pastor Kavel by selling the land in the Barossa that he had paid £1 per acre to the German migrants at £10 per acre. Angas Town was developed from 1842. The first inhabitant was Gottfried Schilling and nearby Bethany was established in the same year on Angas’ land. Angas Town was soon changed to German’s Pass as it was a pass through the ranges to the Mallee plains and the River Murray. From 1857 German’s Pass was known as Angaston. Angaston always had a mix of English and German settlers. The town progressed greatly in the 1860s and beyond and a major employer was the Angas Park Fruit Company which was established in 1911. That was the year the railway arrived from Gawler. Several early wineries were other major employers in the town and district.
Among the buildings donated or supported by George Fife Angas in Angaston is the Union Chapel which he paid for in 1844. It was to be available for all religious groups but as the churches got their own buildings there was little need for it. After being used for storage for decades it was restored some years ago in 1994. It is one of the oldest churches in South Australia as it opened in February 1844. George Fife Angas’ daughter Sarah Evan of Evandale near Keyneton laid the foundation stone in 1843. John Howard Angas supervised the construction of the Union Chapel as George Fife Angas was still in England at this time. Similarly John Howard Angas donated land for a Union Chapel in Truro which was built in 1850. It was later replaced or incorporated into a new Truro Congregational Church in 1860.
Whilst in the Main Street look for the following as they should all be easily identifiable as you head up the hill towards the east.
Rose Villa- interesting old house opposite Zion Lutheran Church. It was built as a manse for the Baptists minister John Hannay who served 1855-1865. Hannay was the son in law of George Fife Angas. It is constructed of bluestone and soapstone. Daniel Garlick was the architect.
Zion Lutheran Church. This Romanesque style church was built as a Baptist Church in 1855. George Fife Angas donated the land and other funds for the church. The Baptists closed the church in 1929. The Lutherans purchased it in 1941 calling it the Zion Lutheran. The soapstone in the quoins came from Lindsay Park estate the home of George Fife Angas.
Old Post Office. It was built in 1880 although mail was delivered to the town from 1846. Telegraph arrived 1866. Telephone service arrived in 1911. It is still the post office. Note the weeds in the gutters.
Former offices of Fiest and Fiest Land Agents. There is a date on the building of 1903 which is late for a partly classical style building. The Marseilles tiled roof was ultra-modern when this was built in 1903. It is now a wine cafe and bar.
Angaston Hotel. The original 1846 structure was added to in 1879 and then rebuilt with an upper story in 1914 in typical Art Nouveau style with lots of woodwork. The decoration above the door is worth noting.
Turn right here into Sturt Street.
Turn right again into South terrace to reach the old railway station.
Go west to the Angaston Railway station. This timber framed station was erected in 1911 when the railway reached Angaston from Gawler.
Continue up Sturt Street to the town Hall and behind it the Congregational Church.
“New” Institute Town Hall Building. This is up the side street from the hotel. It was also built in 1911 of local grey marble and bluestone with the village green in front of it. It has perpendicular gothic features with good symmetry and fine detail to the window surrounds. The central pillars and gable accentuate the best features of the building. The Angas family assisted financially with the costs of construction.
Just behind the Institute is the Congregational Church. The architect was Daniel Garlick. The foundation stone was laid in 1877 by John Howard Angas the major donor and patron of the church. It is now the Uniting Church.
Return to the Main Street and turn right.
The Masonic Lodge. Erected in 1867 as a joint enterprise with the Mechanics Institute. Angas donated the land and £100 towards the cost. It operated as a Mechanics Institute Library until the new Library/ Town hall opened in 1911. Then the old Mechanics Institute was sold to the Masons. That is why the façade says 1910. It was actually built in 1867.And that is why it does not have small half rounded windows and a look of secrecy like most masonic Halls.
First Cemetery. This is beyond the car park behind the Masonic Lodge and the public toilets. The old cemetery opened in 1847. Many early burials were of children who died of diseases like typhoid and dysentery. Over 200 people were buried here. Return to the Main Street.
The old Flour Mill. Edwin Davey of Truro established this is 1885. Lauckes bought the mill in 1933 and operated it until 1976. It is a good 3 storey example of a mill with huge unsawn gum tree supports on the veranda and the adjoining building which is now the Machinery Preservation Society building. The mill is made of blue stone.
Doddridge Blacksmith Shop. This was established in 1876 by a Cornish migrant. It produced horse shoes, wrought iron carts, ploughs, tools and farm equipment. It did not close until the 1970s when the smithy was then 86 years old. A community effort purchased it in 1981 to operate as a tourist attraction.
The Bank of Adelaide. Built in 1885 with and Italianate facade with perfect symmetry, roof top balustrade, central entrance with triangular pediment above porch etc. Some additions made in 1894. It was the bank and the upper floor was the residence for the bank manager.
The former Wesleyan Methodist Church. Built in 1864 but it closed in 1977 when the Congregational, Presbyterian and Methodist churches were united. At the rear the Davey Methodist Hall was built in 1911 like so many other buildings in the town. 1911 was clearly a year of great optimism and change in Angaston. For many years it was an antique centre.
Collingrove and the Angas family Church.
John Howard Angas emigrated to SA in 1843 to oversee some of his father’s business interests. In 1854 John Howard
Angas returned to England, married and then returned to Angaston where his brother-in-law designed and built Collingrove homestead in 1856 for John Howard Angas and his wife Suzanne Collins. Hence the house was named Collingrove. In 1874 John’s father, a devout Baptist, had a small chapel built for his employees and family to worship in. It opened as a Congregational Church. The Congregational minister from Keyneton usually conducted the services there. Angas supported all protestant denominations but he was openly hostile towards Catholics. John Howard Angas was buried from this church in 1904. He left £2,000 in his estate to the Congregational trustees to continue to run the church. When the Anglican Bishop took over the church in 1911 a court case was threatened as the trustees had possibly breached the trust placed in them by the will of John Howard Angas. The church became St. Faiths Anglican until it closed. It was closed by the time Ronald Angas, grandson of John Howard Angas donated Collingrove to the National Trust in 1976.
Hutton Vale.
John Howard Angas was born in Newcastle in 1823 but raised in the village of Hutton from the age of four - at first as a boarder and then with his parent who moved there too. At the age of 20 John Howard Angas was sent to South Australia by his father and his first home and residence he called Hutton Vale farm. It was on part of his father’s seven Special Surveys along the North Para River. The current owner of Hutton Vale farm is John Angas whose great great grandfather was John Howard Angas. The property is on Hutton Vale Road which runs from Collingrove to Moculta. Upon arrival in 1843 John Howard Angas had a stone house built at Hutton Vale which was his residence until Collingrove was erected in 1856. Today Hutton Vale’s 2,000 acres is the last of the original 28,000 acres still owned by the Angas family in the Barossa Valley. John Angas has lived in the house at Hutton Vale all of his life. It is a mixed farm with fruit trees, vines sheep and grain. The old 1850s grain store is now the kitchen for John’s residence. The farm has tourist accommodation, garden produce and cellar door sales of wine from Riesling, Shiraz, Cabernet Sauvignon and Grenache Mataro grapes. Only the roof top of Hutton Vale house is visible from the road.
Lindsay Park.
This house was built in the late 1840s as a home for George Fife Angas with the architect being his son-in-law Henry Evans. Henry Evans had married a daughter of George Fife Angas and he was the one who designed Collingrove homestead and Lindsay Park homestead for the Angas family. Henry’s wife was so opposed to alcohol and wine making that she made Henry have his grape vines grafted with currents rather than grapes for wine. Thus, almost by accident Henry Evans founded the dried fruit industry in the Angaston district! When George Fife Angas came out to SA Henry Evans and his family moved to Keyneton a mile or so away. From 1851 Lindsay Park was used as the family home of the “founder of SA” George Fife Angas. It was extended several times. After George Fife Angas’ death the house and property remained in the Angas family until 1965 when the last inheritor of the Lindsay Park, Sir Keith Angas, sold the property to horse breeding trainer Colin Hayes. It was then developed into the preeminent horse training facility and breeding stud in Australia. Even Queen Elizabeth visited there on one of her trips to SA. When Colin Hayes retired in 1990 the stud and training facility was continued by his son David Hayes. David Hayes sold his share of Lindsay Park facility to his nephew and business partners in 2008 when he moved to Euroa in Victoria. The property was then sold to winemaker David Powell for $10 million in 2013 to become an exclusive tourist resort. Recently in 2023 this property has been sold to the Brendan Smart family from Keith who want to return the property to its original use as a sheep and cattle property. The mansion is not visible from the road. Both George Fife Angas and his wife and John Howard Angas and other family were buried in the family vault at Lindsay Park estate. There is no public access to this private family vault of one of the main pioneering families of South Australia or to the estate.
Collingrove and the Angas family Church.
John Howard Angas emigrated to SA in 1843 to oversee some of his father’s business interests. In 1854 John Howard
Angas returned to England, married and then returned to Angaston where his brother-in-law designed and built Collingrove homestead in 1856 for John Howard Angas and his wife Suzanne Collins. Hence the house was named Collingrove. In 1874 John’s father, a devout Baptist, had a small chapel built for his employees and family to worship in. It opened as a Congregational Church. The Congregational minister from Keyneton usually conducted the services there. Angas supported all protestant denominations but he was openly hostile towards Catholics. John Howard Angas was buried from this church in 1904. He left £2,000 in his estate to the Congregational trustees to continue to run the church. When the Anglican Bishop took over the church in 1911 a court case was threatened as the trustees had possibly breached the trust placed in them by the will of John Howard Angas. The church became St. Faiths Anglican until it closed. It was closed by the time Ronald Angas, grandson of John Howard Angas donated Collingrove to the National Trust in 1976.
Hutton Vale.
John Howard Angas was born in Newcastle in 1823 but raised in the village of Hutton from the age of four - at first as a boarder and then with his parent who moved there too. At the age of 20 John Howard Angas was sent to South Australia by his father and his first home and residence he called Hutton Vale farm. It was on part of his father’s seven Special Surveys along the North Para River. The current owner of Hutton Vale farm is John Angas whose great great grandfather was John Howard Angas. The property is on Hutton Vale Road which runs from Collingrove to Moculta. Upon arrival in 1843 John Howard Angas had a stone house built at Hutton Vale which was his residence until Collingrove was erected in 1856. Today Hutton Vale’s 2,000 acres is the last of the original 28,000 acres still owned by the Angas family in the Barossa Valley. John Angas has lived in the house at Hutton Vale all of his life. It is a mixed farm with fruit trees, vines sheep and grain. The old 1850s grain store is now the kitchen for John’s residence. The farm has tourist accommodation, garden produce and cellar door sales of wine from Riesling, Shiraz, Cabernet Sauvignon and Grenache Mataro grapes. Only the roof top of Hutton Vale house is visible from the road.
Lindsay Park.
This house was built in the late 1840s as a home for George Fife Angas with the architect being his son-in-law Henry Evans. Henry Evans had married a daughter of George Fife Angas and he was the one who designed Collingrove homestead and Lindsay Park homestead for the Angas family. Henry’s wife was so opposed to alcohol and wine making that she made Henry have his grape vines grafted with currents rather than grapes for wine. Thus, almost by accident Henry Evans founded the dried fruit industry in the Angaston district! When George Fife Angas came out to SA Henry Evans and his family moved to Keyneton a mile or so away. From 1851 Lindsay Park was used as the family home of the “founder of SA” George Fife Angas. It was extended several times. After George Fife Angas’ death the house and property remained in the Angas family until 1965 when the last inheritor of the Lindsay Park, Sir Keith Angas, sold the property to horse breeding trainer Colin Hayes. It was then developed into the preeminent horse training facility and breeding stud in Australia. Even Queen Elizabeth visited there on one of her trips to SA. When Colin Hayes retired in 1990 the stud and training facility was continued by his son David Hayes. David Hayes sold his share of Lindsay Park facility to his nephew and business partners in 2008 when he moved to Euroa in Victoria. The property was then sold to winemaker David Powell for $10 million in 2013 to become an exclusive tourist resort. Recently in 2023 this property has been sold to the Brendan Smart family from Keith who want to return the property to its original use as a sheep and cattle property. The mansion is not visible from the road. Both George Fife Angas and his wife and John Howard Angas and other family were buried in the family vault at Lindsay Park estate. There is no public access to this private family vault of one of the main pioneering families of South Australia or to the estate.
Truro and the Angas family.
Lachlan McBean of Baldon station took out a lease covering the lands east of Truro in 1845 but the seven Special Surveys taken out by Charles Flaxman on behalf of George Fife Angas in 1839 stretched from Collingrove to Angaston to Moculta and to Truro and abutted some of McBean’s pastoral lease lands. So much of the land around Truro was freehold land owned by George Fife Angas. The Hundred of Jellico (originally the Hundred of North Rhine before German names were changed in 1917) was declared in 1851 with surveying being conducted in 1854 and land being sold from 1855 onwards by the government. But Angas already owned much of the land from his Special Surveys. The government declared a road from Gawler to Blanchetown on the Murray River in the early 1850s. The creek and permanent water holes in Truro made it a favourite camping spot on this journey to the Murray.
Truro was laid out as a private town in 1850 by John Howard Angas who named the village after Truro in Cornwall. All allotments were soon taken up. Copper mining attracted Cornish miners to Wheal Barton mine in 1849 /1850 on the outskirts of town. This private town was also created by the Angas family and not surprisingly the main street of the former settlement of Barton is George Street after the family patriarch George Fife Angas. Like Burra some dugout houses were carved in the local creek bed at Barton but by 1852 the mine had been abandoned. Meantime the town of Truro had progressed with the first Post Office and a chapel being erected in 1851. Other major public structures followed. The Institute /Town Hall (1875 and 1882) and the state school (1878) were built on land donated by John Howard Angas for the early town. John Howard Angas also donated land for a Union chapel in 1850 which was duly built in 1851. It was later replaced or more likely incorporated into the current the Congregational Church in 1860. As John Howard Angas was a staunch Congregationalist the new 1860 church was a Congregational Church. Its style is similar to the original Congregational Church in Angaston which was also supported by John Howard Angas. The Congregational manse was built next door to the church in 1867 and a T section across the rear of the church was added in 1879. The original slate roof was replaced in 1959 and in 1977 this Congregational Church became a Uniting Church. At the eastern end of the Main Street is the first Council Chamber built in 1884 on land purchased from George Fife Angas’ estate. The town and district council was established in 1876. By the time of the 1883 census Truro had a population of 265. During World War One (1917) the railway line was finally extended from Nuriootpa to Truro and the sale yards used by the stock and station agents were located next to it. The wooden station building and all traces of the railway age have now disappeared.
John Howard Angas’ main properties - Mt Remarkable Estate, Hill River, Point Sturt etc.
Both George Fife and John Howard Angas were interested and active in pastoralism. George Fife ensured sheep and cattle were on the first fleet of ships he sent to the colony from England in 1836. More sheep were picked up at Cape Town. As Chairman of the SA Company Angas played a role in that Company having the largest flock in the colony by 1842 when it had around 20,000 sheep. But George Fife Angas was a banker and businessman more than pastoralist. However his son John Howard established himself quickly as a pastoralist and breeder of stud sheep and cattle wanting to improve herds and stock in the colony. Apart from Collingrove House on his Tarrawatta estate where he lived, he acquired in the central districts Kingsford near Gawler and Point Sturt on Lake Alexandrina. In 1856 he purchased Mt Remarkable run covering 50,000 acres freehold and 15,000 acres leasehold. By the late 1870s John Howard Angas had Tarrawatta with 14,100 acres, Hill River with 55,000 acres, Baldina with 8,300 acres, Belalie with 3,000 acres, Broadview with nearly 5,000 acres, Point Sturt with 3,700 acres and Kingsford with 3,000 acres. Beyond the settled districts he had Wirrealpa with 1,700 square miles, Whittata with 234 square miles, Netley with 145 square miles, Stuart Creek with 5,600 square miles, Finniss Springs with 578 square miles, Frome Downs with 970 square miles, Macumba with 200 square miles and he had a group of stations near the Northern Territory border that totalled 13,100 square miles. Angas was a serious pastoralist! In 1882 he sold the Mt Remarkable run to the Willowie Pastoral Company of which he was the major shareholder. Hill River near Clare was always described as the best property in SA and purchased by John Howard Angas in 1876 for £220,000. In 1912 most of the estate was broken up for closer settlement and the Hill River property was left with just four thousand acres which it still has. Members of the Angas family still reside on and operate Hill River. Angas ran Point Sturt as a Shorthorn and Hereford cattle stud and he ran Collingrove and Hill River as Merino sheep studs. After his death the properties were broken up and sold off as time went by. Only Hutton Vale which was part of Tarrawatta and Hill River remain in the hands of Angas descendants.
Angas family philanthropy and donations.
George Fife Angas was a keen businessman but also a staunch Baptist and philanthropist. He was very committed to education and Angas founded and supported the SA school Society which established the first school in SA. At the same time he funded four German missionaries to come to SA to work with Aboriginal people. Likewise he supported early churches and founded several Union chapels for use by any denomination. Whilst in the SA parliament he was a conservative and reactionary. For example he was opposed to railways, the immigration of Irish Catholic girls for domestic work but he was respected for his integrity. Towards the end of his life he was estimated to be donating at least £10,000 annually to charitable organisations. He was a significant philanthropist to many church organisations and charities in SA as well as the University of Adelaide. He retired from parliament in 1866 and his wife died in 1867 and he then concentrated on philanthropy until he died in 1879. The following are just a few of the known donations by George Fife Angas. He donated land and gave a large sum of money to build the original Town Hall in Angaston in 1860. He gave a block of land and a house for the Melrose Institute in 1871 etc. He financed the emigration of a new Baptist pastor to found the Flinders Street Baptist Church in 1861. Presumably he contributed to the building costs. He donated generously to St Peters Boys College and Prince Alfred College the only two high school in SA at the time. As noted above he donated land and funds to build the Angaston Baptist church in 1855 and land and £100 to build the Masonic Lodge in 1867. Although it was not direct philanthropy it is estimated that George Fife Angas contributed £40,000 to the creation and establishment of South Australia. He spent £20,000 to fund four ships to bring German settlers to the colony for a start. He actually saw the establishment of South Australia as one of his great philanthropic gestures.
John Howard Angas was also a philanthropist like his father but his focus was on education and health and disability and the Congregational Church. He was a staunch Congregationalist unlike his father who was a Baptist. In 1878 John Howard Angas gave £4,000 to the fledgling University of Adelaide to establish the Engineering Scholarship scheme followed by a £6,000 donation in 1884 to establish the Angas professorship of chemistry which is still funded by the Angas trust deed. He also donated £1,000 to the School of Mines on North Terrace in the 1890s. As noted above he worked and donated to the Childrens Hospital, the Home for the Deaf and Dumb, the Inebriates Home at Belair, and he funded and founded the Angas Missionary Training College in North Adelaide. His individual donations were generous and varied from education, missionary work, health and to the care of children but he also contributed greatly with charity work. He was President of the British and Foreign Bible Society in SA for many years; he was President of the British and Foreign Seaman’s Society; he was leader of the Bushman’s Club which became the Bush Missionary Society. He donated £500 to it for them to get a building in Gilbert Street and he laid its foundation stone in 1878. This building provided accommodation for men from the outback visiting Adelaide. In 1899 this society merged with the Salvation Army.
He is known to have donated to more than 100 English and German church buildings. Then like his father be began to concentrate on his philanthropy towards the end of his life. In 1887 he gave £2,000 to the SA Congregational Church to pay off its debts. He donated £1,000 to churches for Sunday School buildings. He became a regular and generous funder of the London Missionary Society. From 1871 onward he donated £500 annually but that sometimes increased to £1,000 per annum when wool prices were high. He made additional donations for missionary work in New Guinea. In 1902 he gave £10,000 for New Guinea missionary work and £1,000 for missionary work in the Congo. He also donated to the Hindmarsh Town Mission for the poor giving about £1,000 to it. He was a large and regular contributor to the Benevolent and Strangers Friend Society for 30 years. He continued his concerns for children with a £1,400 donation in 1897 for the Girls Brigade to build a new hall. He was a regular donor to the Salvation Army and he gave £1,000 for the establishment of Kalyra Consumptives Home at Belair. His concerns were well defined and helped many people across Adelaide and South Australia. In 1899 John Howard Angas also donated £2,500 for the Angas wing at the Home for Incurables Fullarton. Apart from the Children’s Hospital John Howard Angas was a great financial supporter of the Barnardo Houses for children in England and elsewhere. Barnardo house provided accommodation for orphans and destitute children before they were fostered or adopted. For 30 years he donated £200 annually to this British organisation. In 1884 he donated £1,600 and from 1887 he donated £2,000 annually. In 1891 he donated £5,600 and by the time of his death he had donated £44,216 to the Barnardo foundation. His donations were so appreciated that they named a house in Essex after John Howard Angas. The Angas Home in Barkingside Essex operated for around 100 years until demolished to make way for a Tesco supermarket!
A blend that is brooding with richness. Intense lifted dark chocolate and vanilla aromatics balanced with blackberry and plum fruits. Full and round on the palate with a distinct sweetness making the wine rich and mouth coating. The dark chocolate and vanilla aromatics carry through on the palate and compliment subtle flavors of cloves and cinnamon spice. The palate has a long rich plush finish brooding with dark forest fruits. Shiraz dominant with finishes of Cabernet Sauvignon and Grenache. 100% American Oak. ~ www.longswines.com/wines/2016-19-Crimes-The-Banished-Dark...
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All the charm of Provence. A blend of Cinsault, Grenache, Syrah and Carignan. Reminiscent of grapefruit, cinnamon and red berries . On the palate there are notes of orange blossom, strawberries, cooked oranges and zest of lemons. There is a firm but well balanced acidity ending with a slight saltiness
This is the story of three generations spanning two centuries, with one common family trait - dogged determination and a tireless work ethic in pursuit of their dreams. It is the story of sauterne for breakfast and castles built of prune boxes. It is a larger than life story ... and much of it is true.
From Riches to Rags to Ranching
The story begins in 1896 England, where Barker Ledson - a scion of means for whom means meant nothing - yearned for the New World and all the adventure that it promised. At age 16, he and his two similarly spirited brothers Tom and Stanley, left behind royal bloodlines, country estates and a sure future - not to mention the family fortune - to set sail for America. Their first stop was Iowa where their aunt owned a ranch. The boys worked the ranch for essentially room and board until Barker was lured away by a much greater adventure. Surveyors were needed by the railroad to map the vast and unforgiving Mojave Desert. It was thankless work, but not without benefits. Part and parcel of working in "no mans land" was the lack of spending opportunities. Barker was able to pocket almost all the money he made during his grueling 5 year stint.
Barker's railroad earnings were enough for him to purchase a 600 acre ranch in Yosemite, near the town of Cathay. At age 22, Barker Ledson was an American landowner. Brothers Tom and Stanley came out from Iowa to run the ranch with Barker. And, while Barker enjoyed nothing more than working the land and working with family, he longed for new opportunity and San Francisco seemed just the place for someone with Barker's ambition.
The Ice Man Commeth
Jobs were not plentiful, a fact that might have dissuaded a lesser man. But Barker Ledson was not to be denied. His employer of choice was the City Ice Company and the fact that they were not hiring seemed of little significance. Barker pointed to the potholes in the driveway and the dirt on the floors and said that he would clean and repair the facilities at no charge. City Ice was happy to have a volunteer employee and it wasn't long before all the ice truck drivers were so fond of the hard-working Barker that they convinced management to bring him on as a full-time employee -- a move that proved to be a defining point in young Barker's life.
He rapidly worked his way up the ranks at City Ice, eventually becoming General Manager. City Ice merged with National Ice and San Francisco Ice to form San Francisco National Ice Company. Barker needed to fill key positions and called upon his brother Tom to run the new Oakland office - making him the first of over a dozen family members employed by Barker. Stanley continued to run the Yosemite ranch, and by this time Barker's two other brothers had moved to America from England; George to Tennessee where he became editor of the Shelbyville Times and Joseph, the only brother to claim some of the family fortune, to Canada where he became known as an innovator in farming and breeding race horses.
A Match Made in the Wine Country
With his business life a success, it was time for bachelor Barker to find a wife to share in his great accomplishments. Barker Ledson met Edna Cunningham in 1910, when he invited his regular and growing group of prominent San Francisco cronies (a couple of those people were the Chief Police Officer and the Mayor of San Francisco) to go dove hunting at the Cunningham Ranch in Windsor. Edna was helping to serve lunch to the men when she caught Barker's eye. Within three years they were married.
Edna's father, William, was immediately taken with Barker as they were cut from the same over - achiever cloth. William's father Zyde, a gold miner who also emigrated from England, had previously owned and operated a blacksmith shop on the site that is today the Palace Hotel in San Francisco. In 1862 he moved his family to the 160-acre ranch in Windsor. As William came of age, he took over management of the Cunningham ranch. He planted 35 acres of Zinfandel and Alicante vineyards, built elaborate ranch and winery facilities and was known throughout the county for his flamboyance. He was very active in the community and held a seat as Sonoma County Supervisor from 1917-1925 and board member for Exchange Bank. William was a prominent and influential early member of the Wine Syndicate grower co-op and produced and bottled 8,000 gallons of commercially available wine. After Zyde's death in 1901 William and his wife Hannah continued to operate Cunningham ranch.
The union of the Ledson and Cunningham families marked the beginning of a farming legacy that continues today. William sold the Cunningham Ranch in 1919 to buy an 105-acre ranch in Kenwood. Shortly thereafter, Barker and Edna, who had been living in San Francisco moved with their three young sons, Noble, Whitby and Winslow to a 1600 acre ranch adjacent to William's property on what is today part of Oakmont and Annandale State Park. The two families worked the ranches cooperatively. While William and Hannah grew prunes, grapes and hay on their property, Barker spent the weekdays in San Francisco running the San Francisco Ice Company and Edna - an extremely sturdy, hard working woman, with a penchant for detail that included daily sweeping of dirt pathways and color coordinating gardening tools - raised cattle and harvested Eucalyptus on their ranch. Edna and her sons loaded their Eucalyptus on trains bound for the City Ice Company, where Barker used his ice trucks to deliver the Eucalyptus for firewood in the afternoons, essentially creating an entirely new business using existing delivery routes.
The End of an Era
For years the two ranches prospered, until in 1937 Barker Ledson at age 57 died of a heart attack while weekending at the family ranch. This was a terrible blow to a family who had come to depend upon him as the patriarch. Many of the family members who had relied on Barker for jobs or support over the years went their separate ways. The large extended family unit that Barker cherished could not be sustained in his absence. Fortunately, his 1/3rd ownership of the San Francisco Ice Company provided Edna and the boys with the means to carry on. Barker's brother Tom had preceded Barker in death and so Edna was left to manage the ranch, relying on her boys and the support of her sister Viola and her husband Penn Rich who had years earlier taken over William and Hannah's ranch after their deaths.
Sonoma Valley's "Ledson Boys"
The "Ledson boys" as everyone in the valley knew them - Noble, Whitby and Winslow - had inherited their parent's love of farming and ranching. Throughout high school each was active in FFA, with Noble and Winslow winning coveted national livestock competitions. And like their father before them the entrepreneurial bug bit early on when they observed the need of many of their rural neighbors for home delivery of basic essentials. They pooled their resources to purchase a run-down, old truck which they re-built and used to deliver packages after school and on weekends. Their little company, General Parcel Delivery, thrived until it was time to go off to college - a promise they had made to their mother. Secure in the knowledge that farming was their future, all three went on to study agriculture at Cal Poly San Luis Obispo. It was 1942, all three of the boys had graduated college and were anxious to begin the next chapter of their lives when World War II was declared and they, like others their age, were called into service. Winslow entered officer training school, while Noble and Whitby both became airplane mechanics in the Army Air Corps. Fortunately the end of the war found all three safe and sound and ready to get back home and get on with things.
Noble
By the time Noble returned home to Kenwood, Edna had sold the family ranch to a steamship builder named Joe Coney who re-named the ranch Annandale and eventually donated it to the California Parks Department. To this day, markers in the Annandale Park -- Ledson Marsh, Steve's Trail -- reflect the Ledson's legacy. Edna moved to Spring Street in Santa Rosa and kept busy as a nurse at Memorial Hospital until her death at age 81 in 1973.
Noble's wish was to continue the Ledson family tradition of farming. He founded his own dairy farm, Meadowlark Farms Dairy, on Warm Springs Road in 1944. It was a complete operation; he owned and milked the cows, he bottled the milk and he delivered all over Sonoma Valley. So successful was his dairy and so valuable his route that in 1954, shortly after his brother Winslow became General Manager, Clover Dairy purchased Meadowlark Farms Dairy and contracted Noble to distribute Clover milk in Sonoma Valley. Freed of the time-consuming milking and bottling operations, Noble built his distribution territory to include both Sonoma and Napa Valleys - and still had time left for other ventures given his penchant for 16 hour workdays. The farmer in him was not to be denied. He purchased or leased property all over Sonoma County where he raised cattle and grew prunes, hay, walnuts and of course wine grapes. Like his brothers, Noble was naturally gregarious and engaging, and because of their many ventures the Ledson boys knew and were known by just about everybody in the Valley- amassing endless friendships and contacts that would serve them and their children well in years to come. They were, like the Kundes, Rossis and Stornettas one of the most prominent farming families in Sonoma County.
The Son Also Rises
While his various businesses were growing, so was Noble's family. In 1948, he married Virginia Martinson, an Iowa transplant who had met and captured Noble's heart when he was home on leave during the war. Together they had two children: Nancy Ledson born in 1955 and Steven Noble Ledson, born in 1952. From the start it was clear that Steve had the drive, the farming instincts - and the bullheadedness of the Ledson and Cunningham clans combined.
Early on Noble instilled in Steve the importance of hard work and a good breakfast. Believing that Sauterne increased appetite and convinced that a full day's work required a full stomach, Noble and Steve started each day with a small glass of Sauterne, drawn from the two-gallon jug they re-filled monthly at Pagani (now Kenwood) Winery. Whether it was the Sauterne or the expectations of a no-nonsense father, by age six, Steve was a full-time farmer in training; he could drive a tractor - albeit with the help of a grown up who could reach the pedals - tell the difference between a prune tree and grapevine, tinker with farm equipment and bid on beef cattle.
School of Hard Knocks
Keeping pace with Noble was no small task, especially for a small boy, but Steve was remarkably hard-headed for his age - a fact that served him well on one ill-fated father and son outing. While hiking along Bear Creek in Adobe Canyon, Steve took a fall 30 feet into the creek, where he preceded to float downstream a quarter of a mile before being yanked to safety by Noble. Bleeding and pretty woozy, Steve was coaxed by his dad to "be a man" and walk home, which he did before passing out and being rushed to the hospital, where he remained for thirty days! Fortunately near-death experiences are lost to children of seven and after a short period of recuperation, life returned to normal for Steve.
Always tinkering, always keeping busy, Steve's first foray into architectural design took place when he was helping Noble pack prunes for one of their bigger clients, Del Monte. Steve gathered empty prune boxes and over the course of the entire day, created a nine-foot tall, multi level "castle", complete with doors, windows and balconies. It was his pride and joy, but it was lacking a critical real-estate component, which in later years would become a cornerstone of Steve's success - Location, Location, Location. Unfortunately the prune palace was erected right in front of the loading bay, and by the next morning, Steve's dream house had been leveled to make way for the delivery trucks.
Making Hay While the Sun Shines
Steve continued to work at his father's side throughout his school years, and although Noble didn't believe in paying his son, he did give Steve the tools to earn his own money. Noble taught Steve how to bid on cattle, which started a decades long business of purchasing spring calves, fattening them up and re-selling them for profit. Noble also provided Steve with his first baling equipment, which Steve, together with cousins Mike and Marz used to create their own after-school, hay baling business. By the time he was in high school Steve had earned enough money from his various before and after school farming ventures to buy a 1965 Corvette Stingray. As he neared graduation, it was clear that he was different than most kids his age; he already knew what it was to have his own business and make his own money, he knew he didn't want to go to college and most importantly he knew he wanted to make a future with his high school sweetheart Michele Slinger.
Concerned that farming was being phased out in Sonoma County in favor of rapid development, Noble encouraged his newly married son to pursue a career in construction. Steve respected his father's advice, and while he was not prepared to give up his various farming endeavors, he did agree to pursue a "day job" in the building industry. After two years apprenticing with Frontier Electric he took a job taping drywall for Associated Specialties. Like his grandfather Barker, Steve's big break came when he seized an opportunity to impress his employers with his initiative. The year was 1973; Steve was assisting a drywall journeyman named Denny Roper, who had convinced their boss that the relatively inexperienced Steve could cover his work load while he went on vacation. On the first day of Denny's vacation, Steve was presented with a job list double Denny's usual output. Never one to back away from a challenge, Steve worked day and night and, of course, finished all the houses - flawlessly. Needless to say, he'd made an impression. Unfortunately the result of his zeal was an offer to take over Denny's position. Only 21 years old and already the father of two-year-old Mike and one-year-old Tonja, Steve was tempted by the promotion and raise - but not at the expense of his friend Denny.
No Guts, No Glory
Steve and Denny left Associated Specialties to start their own business, Northwestern Drywall, using Denny's state license. Within two years Steve had 100 employees and had opened a second non-union branch to handle public works and government contracts. Steve hired his sister Nancy's husband John Salerno to run the new operation, which was named Northeastern Drywall, in recognition of John's east coast roots. In addition, Steve maintained his daily involvement in the ranches he worked with Noble, rising at 4 am each day to log a couple of hours before heading off to the job site.
In 1975 a local contractor named Wayne Elzey came to Steve with an offer that would catapult Ledson from contractor to developer. Elzey had pre-sold a number of homes, but did not have the capital to build them. Between his ongoing cattle, hay, and contracting businesses, Steve had the money to invest and together they became Elzey and Ledson Construction. Those initial houses led to subdivisions and before long the two had projects scattered from the Bay Area to the Oregon border.
All in the Family
By the late 1980's Steve Ledson was financially secure, professionally respected and surrounded by family, including newest member, daughter Kristina, born in 1987. Only in his thirties he had achieved more than most, but not as much as he wanted. Although he had never given up his various agrarian pursuits, over the years, working the land had taken a back seat to building houses. It was time to change focus, to follow his passion and re-invigorate the family's farming business. In particular Steve wanted to grow grapes, something his great grandfather, his father and his uncle before him had done since 1862. And as usual the opportunity presented itself at just the right time.
A Wine Family Returns to its Roots
In late 1989 Ledson Construction was about to break ground on a spec house and vineyard property in the heart of the Sonoma Valley wine country, when a partner in the project pulled out. Michele convinced Steve that the 21-acre property - with views of the corner of Annandale Park that was once Steve's grandparent's home - was the perfect spot for their dream house and vineyard. Steve agreed and immediately set about planting 17 acres to Merlot and designing the ultimate architectural showpiece. Son Mike worked side-by-side with his father just as Steve had with Noble. By the time of their first harvest in 1993, the 15,000 square foot Gothic, French-Normandy structure replete with a custom-colored brick edifice, slate tile, turrets, balconies and fountains had begun to take shape and stop traffic. Michele and Steve realized that the "castle", as locals had come to call it, was long on looky-loos and short on privacy. Based upon the public interest and the quality of their first harvest, Steve decided to transform the house into a winery and tasting room and to build their home elsewhere. A quick change of plans was followed by four painfully long years acquiring commercial permits and two more years of re- construction before the winery's eventual completion.
Years of farming had endowed Steve with an instinct for making things grow and grow well- and before long his grapes were very much in demand. Ledson had been selling grapes to neighboring wineries including Benziger, St. Francis and Sebastiani for years. In fact it was St. Francis winemaker Tom Mackey who, knowing that Steve wanted to make ultra premium wine, urged him to produce his own estate wine. In 1997, Ledson Winery released its inaugural vintage, the 1994 Ledson Estate Merlot. Since then, Ledson wines have garnered excellent reviews from the elite wine press including a 93 point rating from Wine Spectator Magazine for their 1997 Reserve Carneros Chardonnay. Ledson Winery offers a broad spectrum of varietal wines including: Sauvignon Blanc, Chardonnay, Pinot Noir, Sangiovese, Merlot, Cabernet Sauvignon, Cabernet Franc, Zinfandel, Syrah, Petite Sirah, Mourvedre, Primitivo, Barbera, Malbec, Grenache, Meritage, Rosé, Johannisberg Riesling and Madera Port - all available at the Winery, at the Ledson Harmony Club restaurant and at selected fine restaurants throughout the country.
In addition to the 17-acre estate vineyard, Ledson Winery owns 21 acres on Denmark Road in Sonoma, which is currently planted to 100+-year Old Vine Zinfandel and 5,500 acres in Anderson Valley, Mendocino County, that may lend itself to a future Pinot Noir, Chardonnay, Sauvignon Blanc or Merlot planting. Ledson's dreams are to replant thirty-five acres of the 105 acre Kenwood Ranch originally cultivated by his great grandfather, William Cunningham in 1919.
On August 27th, 2003 Steve Ledson opened his luxury two-story Hotel & Harmony Club restaurant, situated on the historic Sonoma Plaza. The hotel features six individually decorated rooms on the upper floor, while the Harmony Club wine bar and restaurant covers the entire ground floor. Meticulously designed and built by Steve, the hotel represents a step back in time to a grander era.
A Family Affair
Michele Ledson drew on years of interior design experience to create the look and feel of the winery's visitor centers. In addition to designing and outfitting the winery's exquisite wine accessories and gift emporium, Michele has acted as the winery's chief emissary, overseeing the very busy hospitality team and welcoming everyone from the casual tourist to the VIP trade visitor with signature Ledson charm.
Son Mike - a life-long farmer like his dad and grandfather and also a journeyman carpenter with his own contractor's license - oversaw most of the interior finishing during construction, doing much of the intricate wood work himself. As it turned out, his tireless energy ultimately made him invaluable to the sales side of the business, and so he splits his time between sales and construction business.
Steve's father Noble Ledson deserves a story all to himself. Until his death, on February 8th, 2004 at age 88, Noble was a force of nature. A gregarious raconteur with an endless repertoire of old Sonoma Valley stories, he routinely consulted on the grape growing and wine making at Ledson Winery, drawing on his life long valley friendships to unearth prime, new vineyard sites. When not holding court at the winery, Noble was either farming his beloved walnut orchard or hitting the road in his tricked-out RV with bride and fellow adventurer Meg. No matter where Noble was, at home or on the road, not a day went by that he didn't start each morning with a phone call to his son, Steve. Sometimes it was to check in, sometimes to offer up encouragement or advice and every so often to give a swift, telephonic kick in the butt. His voice at the end of the phone line is gone. His spirit, though, remains forever.
The winery suffered another loss when Steve's cousin Leonard passed away in 2001. A life-long Sonman who for years managed the vineyards of Kunde Ranch, Leonard oversaw all of the winery's vineyard holdings. The void left by Leonard's passing is large, both for the family and for the winery.
Ledson Winery, however, continues to be a hub for the Ledson clan, with many taking an active role. Over the years, cousins, nephews, nieces and more have taken part in the winery's apprentice program and Steve's own daughters Tonja and Kristina, as well as his sister Nancy regularly pitch in during busy weekends and special events.Beyond his immediate family, Steve has come to rely upon his "extended family" of valued employees who have worked tirelessly for the winery's success with zeal equal to any family member.
Most important to Steve is the potential his new winery presents for bringing even more family members together. As homage to his grandfather, Barker, Steve has devoted the past several years to tracing the Ledson family tree, contacting and re-uniting long lost relatives from all over the globe. Will there soon be Ledson wines in Canada, Australia and England? Absolutely, if Steve has his way, wherever there's Ledson family there'll be Ledson wines.
The More Things Change, The More They Stay the Same
Over 130 years since great-grandfather William Cunningham farmed his family vineyard and made his own wine, the Ledson Winery stands today as a dream realized for the Ledson family. It is a family business; built on a heritage of Sonoma Valley farming that provides a work and social center to over 20 family members.
Every detail of the wines and the winery belies generations of experience and commitment to quality. The winery itself is an architectural showpiece. It emerges like a gothic blast from the past out of acres of rolling vineyard and pastoral calm. The "Gone with the Wind" staircase, sculpted rose gardens, sprawling outdoor patios and impeccable grounds make the "castle" the perfect backdrop for an afternoon picnic, corporate getaway or fairytale wedding. Boasting three beautifully appointed tasting bars, a fully stocked gourmet marketplace and elegant clothing and gift boutique, the Ledson Winery is as much a landmark destination as it is a premium winery.
As proud as Barker would be of the Ledson Winery & Vineyards, the family agrees that his greatest pleasure would have been the site of son Noble, grandson Steve and great grandson Mike side-by-side in the vineyard at the crack of dawn, tending the vines, tasting the grapes- striving for quality together as a family. It's what Barker wished for and what the Ledson Winery stands for. You can feel it at the family winery and taste it in every bottle of Ledson Wine.
Epilogue - The Ledson Hotel
You didn't think the story ended there, did you? Not one to rest on his laurels, Steve Ledson started to look at the way in which tourists visited the Sonoma Valley. In particular, the relationship between the very popular Sonoma town plaza and the wineries, like Ledson, that were located up valley. He found, after two years of interviewing plaza visitors, that many were unaware of the full complement of wineries in northern Sonoma Valley, opting instead to tour the more familiar destinations in Napa Valley.
Steve had two goals in mind. He wanted to promote travel from the Sonoma Plaza up valley to his and other wineries, and he wanted to do something to re-create the hospitality and conviviality that he grew up with at the huge feasts prepared by his mother for the many workers, friends and family during harvest.
The idea that had first taken hold in 1997 became a reality in August of 2003 with the grand opening of the Ledson Hotel, Wine Bar and Restaurant. Fronting Sonoma's historic town plaza, the boutique hotel and small plate eaterie was painstakingly designed to evoke Sonoma's rich history while providing all the luxury of the world's tiniest hotels. Old-world charm and modern amenities merge lavishly in each of the six, family-named rooms which grace the second floor. The ground floor wine bar and restaurant spill out onto the sidewalk with bistro style seating and a small plate menu by chefs Mark Sandovol and Darren Robey designed to showcase Sonoma's bounty of local artisan foods and wine. Music lovers are also in for a real treat. Three nights a week the hotel showcases the best of the Bay Area's jazz and blues scene. Within months of opening, the hotel and restaurant had made Condè Nast Traveler's 2004 Hot List as one of the top two hotels in California and one of the top 18 hotels in the US. And yes, with Michele now managing the hotel and restaurant and Steve often on hand to greet, meet and seat, this too is a family affair.
Abdruck vom Lippenstift auf einem gutem Glas Care Crianza 2003, einem Cuvée aus Cabernet, Grenache und Merlot.
Lipstick mark on a fine glass of Care Crianza 2003, a very nice Cuvée of Cabernet, Grenache and Merlot.
With small amounts of Syrah, Grenache and other mixed Rhône varieties, this is a soft, integrated and approachable red made in a graceful and balanced style. Savory in black plum, leather, dried herb and cocoa powder, it finds its way to a peppery finish
Frankreich / Provence - Cassis
Plage du Bestouan
Cassis (French pronunciation: [kasi]; Occitan: Cassís) is a commune situated east of Marseille in the department of Bouches-du-Rhône in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region, whose coastline is known in English as the French Riviera, in Southern France.
It is a popular tourist destination, famous for its cliffs (falaises) and the sheltered inlets called calanques. The wines of Cassis are white and rosé, and not to be confused with crème de cassis, a specialty of Burgundy which takes its name from blackcurrants (cassis), not the commune. It is a filming location featured in The French Connection, notably for heroin smuggler Alain Charnier's house.
Geography
The town is situated on the Mediterranean coast, about 20 kilometres (12+1⁄2 miles) east of Marseille. Cap Canaille, 394 metres (1,293 feet), between Cassis and La Ciotat ("the civitas") is one of the highest maritime bluffs in Europe, a sailor's landmark for millennia. It is east of Marseille and in the department of Bouches-du-Rhône.
One of its main beaches, called "Bestouan", is made cooler by a karstic source.
History
The present site of Cassis was first occupied between 600 and 500 BC by the Ligures, who constructed a fortified dwelling at the top of the Baou Redon. These people lived by fishing, hunting, and farming.
The current site of Cassis could have been inhabited by the Greeks, though no proof has yet been found.
During Roman times, Cassis was part of the maritime route made by the Emperor Antoninus Pius. It was a small village, established mainly around the Arena and Corton beaches. The principal livelihood was fishing and maritime trade with North Africa and the Middle East. Several archaeological discoveries attest to this.
From the 5th to the 10th centuries AD, invasions by foreign tribes led the population to seek refuge in the castrum, a fortified city that, in 1223, became the property of the Seigneurie des Les Baux-de-Provence.
In the 15th century, Cassis was ceded to the Counts of Provence; then René of Anjou gave the town to the Bishops of Marseille, who ruled the town until the Revolution of 1789.
Industrial Revolution
In the eighteenth century, Cassis started to develop outside the ramparts of the fortified city and around the port. After the Bourbon Restoration, new industries developed here, including the drying of cod, the manufacture of olive oil and clothing, coral work, wine-making and the exploitation of local stone (cement, limestone). Stone of Cassis, which was quarried here since antiquity made the town famous. It has been used for the quays of the large Mediterranean ports (Alexandria, Algiers, Piraeus, Marseille, and Port Said). A claim that it was used for the base of the Statue of Liberty in New York City gained wide circulation but has been proved apocryphal. Today, the stone is used more for domestic purposes such as the construction of sinks and fireplaces.
In the twentieth century, as these industries began to disappear, the workforce turned to tourism and wine making. Cassis was one of the first three vineyards to profit from the appellation d'origine contrôlée (label of controlled origin) introduced in 1936.
Origin of the name
The oldest form is Tutelæ Charsitanæ, attested since the first century. It then drifts into Carsicis (15th century) and Castrum Cassitis (1323). These place names suggest a Car-s theme derived from the pre-Indo-European *Kar meaning stone or rock, to which has been added the suffix -ite. The French language has retained the Provençal Cassis spelling, which is identical in both the classical and Mistralian standards.
The final "s" is not pronounced in the local variant of Provençal, unlike other dialects. The pronunciation of the final "s" is found in the motto of the city, which rhymes Paris, Cassis and the word 'vist' with one another (pronunciation in Provençal "mistralien": /pa.ʁis/, /ka.sis/, /vis/). In French, both pronunciations occur.
The Provençal motto of the commune attributed to Frédéric Mistral is "Qu'a vist Paris, se noun a vist Cassis, n'a rèn vist", which means "Who has seen Paris and not Cassis, has not seen anything".
(Wikipedia)
Cassis [kaˈsi oder auch kaˈsis] ist eine französische Stadtgemeinde mit 6706 Einwohnern (Stand 1. Januar 2022) im Département Bouches-du-Rhône (13) in der Region Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur. Sie gehört zum Arrondissement Marseille und zum Kanton La Ciotat. Cassis ist ein Hauptakteur in der Entwicklung des Nationalparks Calanques.
Geografie
Lage
Die Kleinstadt befindet sich am Mittelmeer in einer Bucht der Calanque-Küste zwischen Marseille (30 km) und Toulon (42 km).
Verkehr
Von Marseille führt die Departementsstraße D 559 über den Pass Col de la Gineste nach Cassis. Eine im Jahre 1969 eröffnete kleinere Bergstraße, die Route des Crêtes, führt entlang der Steilküste weiter nach La Ciotat. Von dieser Panoramastraße hat man einen weiten Blick auf das Meer. Der bekannteste Felsen auf dem Weg ist das Cap Canaille.
Weiter im Landesinnern führt die Autobahn A 50 bei Cassis vorbei. Der Autobahnanschluss liegt etwa fünf Kilometer vom Ortszentrum entfernt.
Die Stadt verfügt auch über einen Bahnhof der französischen Staatsbahn SNCF an der Bahnstrecke Marseille–Ventimiglia, der sich ca. 2 km außerhalb (nördlich) des Ortes befindet. Der Bahnhof wird ausschließlich von Nahverkehrszügen bedient, hingegen nicht von den ebenfalls diese Strecke befahrenden Hochgeschwindigkeitszügen (TGV). Vom Bahnhof zum Ortskern besteht eine Pendelbusverbindung mit einer Fahrzeit von rund 15 Minuten.
Der Hafen wird nicht von Kursschiffen bedient. Er wird von Privatbooten, kleinen Fischerbooten und Ausflugsschiffen zu den Calanques genutzt. Ein weiterer Hafen für 500 Boote liegt in Port-Miou.
Klima und Vegetation
Die jährliche Sonnenscheindauer beträgt ca. 3000 Stunden und die Niederschlagsmenge ca. 600 Millimetern pro Jahr. Der Boden ist, besonders wenn der Mistral weht, sehr trocken. Die Landschaft rund um den Ort wird von Reben, hauptsächlich aber von der immergrünen, sekundär entstandenen Gebüschformation der Garrigue geprägt, da ein Waldbrand am 21. August 1990 rund 3.500 Hektar Wald vernichtete. Die weitere Vegetation ist an die salzhaltige oder trocken-heiße Umgebung besonders angepasst. Man findet vor allem Buschvegetation, die aus Kermes-Eichen, Rosmarin, Felsenbirne (Amelanchier) und Schneeball (lorbeerblättriger Schneeball, Laurier tin, Viburnum tinus) sowie gelegentlich aus Steineichen und verschiedenen Kiefern besteht.
Geschichte
rste Zeugen menschlicher Besiedelung gehen auf das 5. Jahrhundert v. Chr. zurück. Wahrscheinlich war die Bucht auch zur griechischen Zeit besiedelt. Im römischen Reich gehörte das Gebiet zur Provinz Gallia Narbonensis. Cassis wird als Carsici auch auf dem Itinerarium Antonini des 3. Jahrhunderts erwähnt. Das Dorf dürfte daraufhin über mindestens 1.200 Jahre das politische Schicksal der südlichen Provence geteilt haben.
Im Mittelalter befand sich Cassis auf einer erhöhten Stelle, die heute château (Burg) genannt wird. Auf Grund von Barbareneinfällen flüchtete sich die Bevölkerung auf diese erhöhte Stelle. Diese Siedlung wurde 1223 in die Herrschaft Baux-de-Provence einverleibt. Im 15. Jahrhundert gelangte Cassis nach dem Aussterben der Familie Baux an die Grafschaft Provence, bevor es nach dem Tode des Grafen René von Anjou und dessen kinderlosen Erben 1481 französisch wurde. König Ludwig XI. gab Cassis den Bischöfen von Marseille zu Lehen. Diese regierten Cassis bis zur Französischen Revolution.
Die heutige Altstadt wurde im 18. Jahrhundert am Hafen erbaut und die befestigte Siedlung auf dem Hügel wurde allmählich aufgegeben. Der verheerenden Pestepidemie von 1720 wird noch heute alljährlich gedacht. Im Februar 1794 übernachtete General Bonaparte auf einer Inspektionsreise in Cassis.
Im 19. Jahrhundert siedelten sich einige kleine Industriebetriebe an, darunter besonders solche im Steinbruch- und Zementgewerbe. Der Ort verfügt heute kaum noch über nennenswerte Industriebetriebe, seit 2006 eine Tresorfabrik nach Osteuropa verlagert wurde.
Sehenswürdigkeiten
Schloss (château): Befestigter Ort des 14. Jahrhunderts, im 19. Jahrhundert verfallen, heute ausgebaut zu Luxusferienwohnungen. Das Gelände ist heute in Privatbesitz und kann nicht besichtigt werden.
Rathaus (hôtel de ville): Bau aus dem 16. Jahrhundert mit großer Treppe und salon d’honneur (Ehrensaal). Reste einer Küche aus dem Mittelalter.
Kirche Saint-Michel: Erbaut zwischen 1859 und 1867 aus Cassis-Stein in neoromanischem Stil mit drei Schiffen.
La Prud’homie: Im Jahr 1791 eingerichtetes Fischereigericht. In einer Nische steht die Statue des Hl. Petrus, die an der jährlichen Prozession der fête des pêcheurs durch die Straßen von Cassis getragen wird.
Maison de l’Europe: Gebäude des 17. Jahrhunderts mit klassizistischer Fassade von 1808. Monumentales, denkmalgeschütztes Treppenhaus.
Villa Ariane: Elegantes Anwesen aus dem 19. Jahrhundert mit Garten im griechischen Stil und kleinem Amphitheater. Ab Ende der 1920er-Jahre im Besitz des Malers, Schauspielers und Mäzens Jerome Hill, nach dessen Tod Eigentum der Camargo Foundation.
Veranstaltungen
Ein immer noch bedeutendes Fest im Jahreskalender ist das Fest der Fischer, auch Fête de la Saint-Pierre et de la Mer genannt. Es findet Ende Juni statt.
Jeweils am ersten Sonntag im September wird das Winzerfest gefeiert.
Zweimal pro Woche wird ein Gemüsemarkt auf der Place Baragnon abgehalten; jeden Samstag findet auf der Place Clémenceau der marché paysan, ein – frei übersetzt – saisonaler Wochenmarkt statt. In der französischen Ferienzeit zwischen dem 1. Juli und dem 31. August gibt es abendlich auf beiden Plätzen, von 18:00 Uhr bis Mitternacht, einen Nachtmarkt, auf dem Bekleidung, Schmuck und anderes feilgeboten wird.
Seit 1979 ist Cassis am letzten Oktobersonntag Zielort von Marseille – Cassis, einem der populärsten Volks- und Straßenläufe Frankreichs.
Wirtschaft
Steinbrüche
Der helle Kalkstein von Cassis wurde bereits in der Antike abgebaut. 1720 wurde wieder mit dem Abbau begonnen. Der Stein aus Cassis war aus zwei Gründen beliebt: einerseits ist er recht widerstandsfähig gegen Witterungseinflüsse, andererseits war der Transport aus den am Meer gelegenen Steinbrüchen per Schiff vergleichsweise kostengünstig. Steine aus Cassis wurden für den Hafenbau von Marseille und Alexandria verwendet. Die letzten Steinbrüche wurden in den 1980er-Jahren geschlossen.
Fischerei
Die Fischerei ist heute unbedeutend; nur noch ein halbes Dutzend Berufsfischer fahren auf das Meer. Bis zum Aufkommen des Tourismus bedeutete die Fischerei aber eine der Haupteinnahmequellen von Cassis. Immer noch wird täglich der Fang des Tages im Hafen verkauft. Dort steht auch die Statue des kleinen Sardellenfischers Calendal nach einem Motiv des Dichters Frédéric Mistral. Wie in vielen kleinen Häfen am Mittelmeer so drängen auch in Cassis die Yachten und Segelboote die kleinen Fischerboote zurück – höhere Liegeplatzgebühren, verbunden mit Wassersporttourismus, sind auch eine Einnahmequelle für die Kommune.
Weinbaugebiet
Der Weinbau ist in Cassis seit mindestens dem 12. Jahrhundert nachweisbar. Nachdem Ende des 19. Jahrhunderts durch die Reblauskatastrophe sämtliche Reben eingingen, wird der Weinbau erst seit Mitte des 20. Jahrhunderts wieder in bedeutendem Umfang gepflegt.
Das 196 Hektar große Weinbaugebiet von Cassis hat seit dem 15. Mai 1936 den Status einer Appellation d’Origine Contrôlée (AOC). Der Wein wird auf zwölf Domänen gekeltert. Die Lagen sind in Richtung Süden ausgerichtet. Es wird sowohl Weißwein (Anteil etwa 80 Prozent), Rotwein (Anteil etwa 15 Prozent) und Roséwein (Anteil etwa fünf Prozent) erzeugt.
Rot-/Roséwein: Der Rotwein sowie der Rosé von Cassis besteht aus den Rebsorten Barbaroux, Carignan, Cinsault, Grenache und Mourvèdre. Daneben ist noch die Sorte Terret Noir zugelassen. Der Anteil der letzten Sorte beträgt höchstens fünf Prozent. Aufgrund des großen Anteils an Mourvèdre sind die Weine kräftig sowie reich an Tanninen.
Weißwein: Der Weißwein von Cassis besteht aus den Rebsorten Clairette Blanche und Marsanne blanche. Seit 2005 muss der Anteil dieser beiden Sorten zusammen mindestens 60 Prozent betragen. Daneben sind noch in geringem Umfang die Sorten Bourboulenc (hier Doucillon genannt), Pascal Blanc, Sauvignon Blanc, Terret Blanc und Ugni Blanc zugelassen.
Tourismus
Cassis lebt heute hauptsächlich vom Tourismus, der seit der zweiten Hälfte des 20. Jahrhunderts allmählich an die Stelle von Industrie und Gewerbe getreten ist. Es gibt gut ein Dutzend Hotels, davon nur wenige größere, die sich alle relativ diskret in das Ortsbild einfügen. Fünf Bed and Breakfast und zahlreiche Ferienwohnungen bieten ebenfalls Unterkunft. Rund 3 km vom Ort entfernt liegt eine Jugendherberge. Außerdem gibt es einen Campingplatz Les Cigales im Norden nahe der Straße D559.
Cassis verfügt über ein Museum (Musée municipal méditerranéen d’art et traditions populaires), eine Spielbank (casino) und zahlreiche Kunstgalerien.
Von Cassis aus fahren in den Frühjahrs- bis Herbstmonaten mehrmals stündlich Boote zu Besichtigungsfahrten in die Calanques aus. Am häufigsten besucht werden die drei am nächsten gelegenen Calanques von Port-Miou, Port-Pin und En-Vau. Eine Calanque ist ein vom Meer überschwemmtes steiles Flusstal. Cassis ist aber auch berühmt für Tauchferien, da das Wasser in den Calanques sehr klar ist. Es gibt zwei öffentliche überwachte Strände, den Sandstrand Plage de la Grande Mer und den Kiesstrand Plage du Bestouan; ferner kann in drei weiteren nicht überwachten Buchten oder auf den Klippen gebadet werden.
Im Herbst und Frühjahr sind die Wanderwege rund um die Calanques zugänglich. Der Zugang zu den Calanques ist vom 1. Juni bis zum 30. September wegen Waldbrandgefahr reglementiert. Die Brandgefahr ist abhängig von der Temperatur, den Niederschlägen, der Windstärke, der Feuchtigkeit der Vegetation und der Sonneneinstrahlung und wird von der Präfektur auf der Grundlage der Wettervorhersagen festgelegt. Aktuelle Beschränkungen werden im Internet veröffentlicht. Der Zugang, der Verkehr und das Parken von Fahrzeugen außer auf den für den öffentlichen Verkehr geöffneten Straßen sind das ganze Jahr über verboten. Stets geöffnet ist der Lehrpfad Sentier du Petit Prince auf der Halbinsel gegen Port-Miou, der zur Erinnerung an Antoine de Saint-Exupéry angelegt wurde. Der Schriftsteller und Pilot wurde 1944 über dem offenen Meer zwischen Cassis und Marseille abgeschossen. Das Flugzeugwrack wurde im Jahr 2000 in der Nähe der Île de Riou geortet und im Herbst 2003 geborgen.
(Wikipedia)
Château La Coste 24/06/2015 14h33
The green grapes of the 'grenache noir' in full glory.
Château La Coste
Château la Coste, a stone’s throw north of Aix-en-Provence, between forests of green and white oaks, meadows of almond trees and swathes of wildly growing flowers. The rhythm of an eternal Provence.A vast land of wooded hilltops, olive groves and 250 acres of meticulously tended vines. The fields sweep into the distance, swerving as they follow the whim of the hillsides.Farm buildings and workers’ houses come together around a square, shaded by an ancient plane tree, giving a village-like feel.And at the heart of the domaine, a lovely Venetian villa of rose pink hue has stood since 1682.
In 2004 an idea was born among the vines of Château la Coste. The vision was to create a special place where art, architecture and land came together. Artists and architects from all over the world were invited to visit Château la Coste and explore the beauty of the landscape. They were encouraged to choose a place in the domaine that spoke directly to them and were given the freedom to create something that would live there.
Château la Coste today is a place of wine, art and architecture. It will continue to evolve as new projects and installations are developed.
Château la Coste
2750 Route de la Cride
13610 Le Puy Sainte Réparade
Tel : +33 (0)4 42 61 89 98
Frankreich / Provence - Cassis
Cassis (French pronunciation: [kasi]; Occitan: Cassís) is a commune situated east of Marseille in the department of Bouches-du-Rhône in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region, whose coastline is known in English as the French Riviera, in Southern France.
It is a popular tourist destination, famous for its cliffs (falaises) and the sheltered inlets called calanques. The wines of Cassis are white and rosé, and not to be confused with crème de cassis, a specialty of Burgundy which takes its name from blackcurrants (cassis), not the commune. It is a filming location featured in The French Connection, notably for heroin smuggler Alain Charnier's house.
Geography
The town is situated on the Mediterranean coast, about 20 kilometres (12+1⁄2 miles) east of Marseille. Cap Canaille, 394 metres (1,293 feet), between Cassis and La Ciotat ("the civitas") is one of the highest maritime bluffs in Europe, a sailor's landmark for millennia. It is east of Marseille and in the department of Bouches-du-Rhône.
One of its main beaches, called "Bestouan", is made cooler by a karstic source.
History
The present site of Cassis was first occupied between 600 and 500 BC by the Ligures, who constructed a fortified dwelling at the top of the Baou Redon. These people lived by fishing, hunting, and farming.
The current site of Cassis could have been inhabited by the Greeks, though no proof has yet been found.
During Roman times, Cassis was part of the maritime route made by the Emperor Antoninus Pius. It was a small village, established mainly around the Arena and Corton beaches. The principal livelihood was fishing and maritime trade with North Africa and the Middle East. Several archaeological discoveries attest to this.
From the 5th to the 10th centuries AD, invasions by foreign tribes led the population to seek refuge in the castrum, a fortified city that, in 1223, became the property of the Seigneurie des Les Baux-de-Provence.
In the 15th century, Cassis was ceded to the Counts of Provence; then René of Anjou gave the town to the Bishops of Marseille, who ruled the town until the Revolution of 1789.
Industrial Revolution
In the eighteenth century, Cassis started to develop outside the ramparts of the fortified city and around the port. After the Bourbon Restoration, new industries developed here, including the drying of cod, the manufacture of olive oil and clothing, coral work, wine-making and the exploitation of local stone (cement, limestone). Stone of Cassis, which was quarried here since antiquity made the town famous. It has been used for the quays of the large Mediterranean ports (Alexandria, Algiers, Piraeus, Marseille, and Port Said). A claim that it was used for the base of the Statue of Liberty in New York City gained wide circulation but has been proved apocryphal. Today, the stone is used more for domestic purposes such as the construction of sinks and fireplaces.
In the twentieth century, as these industries began to disappear, the workforce turned to tourism and wine making. Cassis was one of the first three vineyards to profit from the appellation d'origine contrôlée (label of controlled origin) introduced in 1936.
Origin of the name
The oldest form is Tutelæ Charsitanæ, attested since the first century. It then drifts into Carsicis (15th century) and Castrum Cassitis (1323). These place names suggest a Car-s theme derived from the pre-Indo-European *Kar meaning stone or rock, to which has been added the suffix -ite. The French language has retained the Provençal Cassis spelling, which is identical in both the classical and Mistralian standards.
The final "s" is not pronounced in the local variant of Provençal, unlike other dialects. The pronunciation of the final "s" is found in the motto of the city, which rhymes Paris, Cassis and the word 'vist' with one another (pronunciation in Provençal "mistralien": /pa.ʁis/, /ka.sis/, /vis/). In French, both pronunciations occur.
The Provençal motto of the commune attributed to Frédéric Mistral is "Qu'a vist Paris, se noun a vist Cassis, n'a rèn vist", which means "Who has seen Paris and not Cassis, has not seen anything".
(Wikipedia)
Cassis [kaˈsi oder auch kaˈsis] ist eine französische Stadtgemeinde mit 6706 Einwohnern (Stand 1. Januar 2022) im Département Bouches-du-Rhône (13) in der Region Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur. Sie gehört zum Arrondissement Marseille und zum Kanton La Ciotat. Cassis ist ein Hauptakteur in der Entwicklung des Nationalparks Calanques.
Geografie
Lage
Die Kleinstadt befindet sich am Mittelmeer in einer Bucht der Calanque-Küste zwischen Marseille (30 km) und Toulon (42 km).
Verkehr
Von Marseille führt die Departementsstraße D 559 über den Pass Col de la Gineste nach Cassis. Eine im Jahre 1969 eröffnete kleinere Bergstraße, die Route des Crêtes, führt entlang der Steilküste weiter nach La Ciotat. Von dieser Panoramastraße hat man einen weiten Blick auf das Meer. Der bekannteste Felsen auf dem Weg ist das Cap Canaille.
Weiter im Landesinnern führt die Autobahn A 50 bei Cassis vorbei. Der Autobahnanschluss liegt etwa fünf Kilometer vom Ortszentrum entfernt.
Die Stadt verfügt auch über einen Bahnhof der französischen Staatsbahn SNCF an der Bahnstrecke Marseille–Ventimiglia, der sich ca. 2 km außerhalb (nördlich) des Ortes befindet. Der Bahnhof wird ausschließlich von Nahverkehrszügen bedient, hingegen nicht von den ebenfalls diese Strecke befahrenden Hochgeschwindigkeitszügen (TGV). Vom Bahnhof zum Ortskern besteht eine Pendelbusverbindung mit einer Fahrzeit von rund 15 Minuten.
Der Hafen wird nicht von Kursschiffen bedient. Er wird von Privatbooten, kleinen Fischerbooten und Ausflugsschiffen zu den Calanques genutzt. Ein weiterer Hafen für 500 Boote liegt in Port-Miou.
Klima und Vegetation
Die jährliche Sonnenscheindauer beträgt ca. 3000 Stunden und die Niederschlagsmenge ca. 600 Millimetern pro Jahr. Der Boden ist, besonders wenn der Mistral weht, sehr trocken. Die Landschaft rund um den Ort wird von Reben, hauptsächlich aber von der immergrünen, sekundär entstandenen Gebüschformation der Garrigue geprägt, da ein Waldbrand am 21. August 1990 rund 3.500 Hektar Wald vernichtete. Die weitere Vegetation ist an die salzhaltige oder trocken-heiße Umgebung besonders angepasst. Man findet vor allem Buschvegetation, die aus Kermes-Eichen, Rosmarin, Felsenbirne (Amelanchier) und Schneeball (lorbeerblättriger Schneeball, Laurier tin, Viburnum tinus) sowie gelegentlich aus Steineichen und verschiedenen Kiefern besteht.
Geschichte
rste Zeugen menschlicher Besiedelung gehen auf das 5. Jahrhundert v. Chr. zurück. Wahrscheinlich war die Bucht auch zur griechischen Zeit besiedelt. Im römischen Reich gehörte das Gebiet zur Provinz Gallia Narbonensis. Cassis wird als Carsici auch auf dem Itinerarium Antonini des 3. Jahrhunderts erwähnt. Das Dorf dürfte daraufhin über mindestens 1.200 Jahre das politische Schicksal der südlichen Provence geteilt haben.
Im Mittelalter befand sich Cassis auf einer erhöhten Stelle, die heute château (Burg) genannt wird. Auf Grund von Barbareneinfällen flüchtete sich die Bevölkerung auf diese erhöhte Stelle. Diese Siedlung wurde 1223 in die Herrschaft Baux-de-Provence einverleibt. Im 15. Jahrhundert gelangte Cassis nach dem Aussterben der Familie Baux an die Grafschaft Provence, bevor es nach dem Tode des Grafen René von Anjou und dessen kinderlosen Erben 1481 französisch wurde. König Ludwig XI. gab Cassis den Bischöfen von Marseille zu Lehen. Diese regierten Cassis bis zur Französischen Revolution.
Die heutige Altstadt wurde im 18. Jahrhundert am Hafen erbaut und die befestigte Siedlung auf dem Hügel wurde allmählich aufgegeben. Der verheerenden Pestepidemie von 1720 wird noch heute alljährlich gedacht. Im Februar 1794 übernachtete General Bonaparte auf einer Inspektionsreise in Cassis.
Im 19. Jahrhundert siedelten sich einige kleine Industriebetriebe an, darunter besonders solche im Steinbruch- und Zementgewerbe. Der Ort verfügt heute kaum noch über nennenswerte Industriebetriebe, seit 2006 eine Tresorfabrik nach Osteuropa verlagert wurde.
Sehenswürdigkeiten
Schloss (château): Befestigter Ort des 14. Jahrhunderts, im 19. Jahrhundert verfallen, heute ausgebaut zu Luxusferienwohnungen. Das Gelände ist heute in Privatbesitz und kann nicht besichtigt werden.
Rathaus (hôtel de ville): Bau aus dem 16. Jahrhundert mit großer Treppe und salon d’honneur (Ehrensaal). Reste einer Küche aus dem Mittelalter.
Kirche Saint-Michel: Erbaut zwischen 1859 und 1867 aus Cassis-Stein in neoromanischem Stil mit drei Schiffen.
La Prud’homie: Im Jahr 1791 eingerichtetes Fischereigericht. In einer Nische steht die Statue des Hl. Petrus, die an der jährlichen Prozession der fête des pêcheurs durch die Straßen von Cassis getragen wird.
Maison de l’Europe: Gebäude des 17. Jahrhunderts mit klassizistischer Fassade von 1808. Monumentales, denkmalgeschütztes Treppenhaus.
Villa Ariane: Elegantes Anwesen aus dem 19. Jahrhundert mit Garten im griechischen Stil und kleinem Amphitheater. Ab Ende der 1920er-Jahre im Besitz des Malers, Schauspielers und Mäzens Jerome Hill, nach dessen Tod Eigentum der Camargo Foundation.
Veranstaltungen
Ein immer noch bedeutendes Fest im Jahreskalender ist das Fest der Fischer, auch Fête de la Saint-Pierre et de la Mer genannt. Es findet Ende Juni statt.
Jeweils am ersten Sonntag im September wird das Winzerfest gefeiert.
Zweimal pro Woche wird ein Gemüsemarkt auf der Place Baragnon abgehalten; jeden Samstag findet auf der Place Clémenceau der marché paysan, ein – frei übersetzt – saisonaler Wochenmarkt statt. In der französischen Ferienzeit zwischen dem 1. Juli und dem 31. August gibt es abendlich auf beiden Plätzen, von 18:00 Uhr bis Mitternacht, einen Nachtmarkt, auf dem Bekleidung, Schmuck und anderes feilgeboten wird.
Seit 1979 ist Cassis am letzten Oktobersonntag Zielort von Marseille – Cassis, einem der populärsten Volks- und Straßenläufe Frankreichs.
Wirtschaft
Steinbrüche
Der helle Kalkstein von Cassis wurde bereits in der Antike abgebaut. 1720 wurde wieder mit dem Abbau begonnen. Der Stein aus Cassis war aus zwei Gründen beliebt: einerseits ist er recht widerstandsfähig gegen Witterungseinflüsse, andererseits war der Transport aus den am Meer gelegenen Steinbrüchen per Schiff vergleichsweise kostengünstig. Steine aus Cassis wurden für den Hafenbau von Marseille und Alexandria verwendet. Die letzten Steinbrüche wurden in den 1980er-Jahren geschlossen.
Fischerei
Die Fischerei ist heute unbedeutend; nur noch ein halbes Dutzend Berufsfischer fahren auf das Meer. Bis zum Aufkommen des Tourismus bedeutete die Fischerei aber eine der Haupteinnahmequellen von Cassis. Immer noch wird täglich der Fang des Tages im Hafen verkauft. Dort steht auch die Statue des kleinen Sardellenfischers Calendal nach einem Motiv des Dichters Frédéric Mistral. Wie in vielen kleinen Häfen am Mittelmeer so drängen auch in Cassis die Yachten und Segelboote die kleinen Fischerboote zurück – höhere Liegeplatzgebühren, verbunden mit Wassersporttourismus, sind auch eine Einnahmequelle für die Kommune.
Weinbaugebiet
Der Weinbau ist in Cassis seit mindestens dem 12. Jahrhundert nachweisbar. Nachdem Ende des 19. Jahrhunderts durch die Reblauskatastrophe sämtliche Reben eingingen, wird der Weinbau erst seit Mitte des 20. Jahrhunderts wieder in bedeutendem Umfang gepflegt.
Das 196 Hektar große Weinbaugebiet von Cassis hat seit dem 15. Mai 1936 den Status einer Appellation d’Origine Contrôlée (AOC). Der Wein wird auf zwölf Domänen gekeltert. Die Lagen sind in Richtung Süden ausgerichtet. Es wird sowohl Weißwein (Anteil etwa 80 Prozent), Rotwein (Anteil etwa 15 Prozent) und Roséwein (Anteil etwa fünf Prozent) erzeugt.
Rot-/Roséwein: Der Rotwein sowie der Rosé von Cassis besteht aus den Rebsorten Barbaroux, Carignan, Cinsault, Grenache und Mourvèdre. Daneben ist noch die Sorte Terret Noir zugelassen. Der Anteil der letzten Sorte beträgt höchstens fünf Prozent. Aufgrund des großen Anteils an Mourvèdre sind die Weine kräftig sowie reich an Tanninen.
Weißwein: Der Weißwein von Cassis besteht aus den Rebsorten Clairette Blanche und Marsanne blanche. Seit 2005 muss der Anteil dieser beiden Sorten zusammen mindestens 60 Prozent betragen. Daneben sind noch in geringem Umfang die Sorten Bourboulenc (hier Doucillon genannt), Pascal Blanc, Sauvignon Blanc, Terret Blanc und Ugni Blanc zugelassen.
Tourismus
Cassis lebt heute hauptsächlich vom Tourismus, der seit der zweiten Hälfte des 20. Jahrhunderts allmählich an die Stelle von Industrie und Gewerbe getreten ist. Es gibt gut ein Dutzend Hotels, davon nur wenige größere, die sich alle relativ diskret in das Ortsbild einfügen. Fünf Bed and Breakfast und zahlreiche Ferienwohnungen bieten ebenfalls Unterkunft. Rund 3 km vom Ort entfernt liegt eine Jugendherberge. Außerdem gibt es einen Campingplatz Les Cigales im Norden nahe der Straße D559.
Cassis verfügt über ein Museum (Musée municipal méditerranéen d’art et traditions populaires), eine Spielbank (casino) und zahlreiche Kunstgalerien.
Von Cassis aus fahren in den Frühjahrs- bis Herbstmonaten mehrmals stündlich Boote zu Besichtigungsfahrten in die Calanques aus. Am häufigsten besucht werden die drei am nächsten gelegenen Calanques von Port-Miou, Port-Pin und En-Vau. Eine Calanque ist ein vom Meer überschwemmtes steiles Flusstal. Cassis ist aber auch berühmt für Tauchferien, da das Wasser in den Calanques sehr klar ist. Es gibt zwei öffentliche überwachte Strände, den Sandstrand Plage de la Grande Mer und den Kiesstrand Plage du Bestouan; ferner kann in drei weiteren nicht überwachten Buchten oder auf den Klippen gebadet werden.
Im Herbst und Frühjahr sind die Wanderwege rund um die Calanques zugänglich. Der Zugang zu den Calanques ist vom 1. Juni bis zum 30. September wegen Waldbrandgefahr reglementiert. Die Brandgefahr ist abhängig von der Temperatur, den Niederschlägen, der Windstärke, der Feuchtigkeit der Vegetation und der Sonneneinstrahlung und wird von der Präfektur auf der Grundlage der Wettervorhersagen festgelegt. Aktuelle Beschränkungen werden im Internet veröffentlicht. Der Zugang, der Verkehr und das Parken von Fahrzeugen außer auf den für den öffentlichen Verkehr geöffneten Straßen sind das ganze Jahr über verboten. Stets geöffnet ist der Lehrpfad Sentier du Petit Prince auf der Halbinsel gegen Port-Miou, der zur Erinnerung an Antoine de Saint-Exupéry angelegt wurde. Der Schriftsteller und Pilot wurde 1944 über dem offenen Meer zwischen Cassis und Marseille abgeschossen. Das Flugzeugwrack wurde im Jahr 2000 in der Nähe der Île de Riou geortet und im Herbst 2003 geborgen.
(Wikipedia)
Bosquets des Papes Chateauneuf du Pape Tradition comes from a blend of about 75% Grenache with 11% Syrah, 10% Mourvedre and various grapes in the blend. The terroir is rocks, stones, sand and clay.
This is everything you need to know about red wine. After five years of intense work and study in the wine industry, I am sure of it. When I train someone to be an "expert" wine seller, this is all the info that I expect them to know about red wine by the end of the training. If you were to taste 10,000 red wines in a year (as I do every year), then what is in this infographic would be everything that your tongue would know for certain about red wine. Knowing everything on this infographic is the reason that when I read a wine label, I actually know what I am holding will taste like, and it is the reason that I don't need a second opinion when I look at a wine list.
The full text follows:
IN GENERAL
1.Red wine does not pair with blue cheese, chocolate, or fish, and rarely does it pair with spice.
2. You don't serve it cold, hot, or room temperature; you serve it cool or “air conditioned room temperature.”
3.
All red wine is dry and grapes are the only ingredient no matter how “sweet” the description sounds (i.e., it might smell like cinnamon, berries, & caramel, but it is still dry and made with nothing but grapes).
4. All else equal, the more sunshine on the vine, the fuller and fruitier the resulting wine.
ITALY
1. Italian red wine tastes like cherries. All else equal, Italian red will be lighter-bodied the farther north the vines are grown, fuller-bodied the farther south the vines are grown, and fuller-bodied the more you spend. What grape it's made with rarely changes these trends.
2. Italian wine is all about nuance. Within this ocean of cherries, each appellation, vineyard, and bottle presents its cherries differently. The cherries can be baked, fresh, or raisined... covered in chocolate, herbs, or wood... or even buried under stones, sand, and tar pits! The Zen of Italian red wine is how every bottle simultaneously tastes exactly alike and completely different.
3. Chianti is made from Sangiovese grapes grown in a region of Tuscany called "Chianti." Think sour cherries.
4. Barbera d'Asti v. Barbera d'Alba: Barbera is a grape. Asti and Alba are towns. "d'" means "from.” Barbera grown in either town taste like bright, mouthwatering cherries.
5. Primitivo is how you say Zinfandel in the heel of the boot. It tastes like cherry pie filling.
6. Reds from the “Toe of the Boot” smells like cherry potpourri.
7. Montepulciano is a grape. Abruzzo is a place. Montepulciano d'Abruzzo means both "Montepulciano grapes from Abruzzo" or "I want wine to drink with pizza, and I don't really care if the wine is bad."
8. In Valpolicella, the more you spend the better the wine is and the more it should taste like raisined cherries.
FRANCE
1. French wine tastes horrible until it tastes perfect, and it only tastes “ok” if you spend more than $20.
2. The Cotes-du-Rhone is a huge region that blends Grenache, Syrah, & Mourvedre grapes to make crappy wine that tastes like dark berries sprinkled with topsoil. The more you spend, the darker and fuller it will be. Cotes-du-Rhone wines only get serious if you see "Villages" and/or the name of a specific village on the label, e.g., Valréas or Châteauneuf-du-Pape.
3. The Loire: is too good to discuss here. “Good” means light, nuanced, and smells like things you shouldn't put in your mouth. The Loire loves Cabernet Franc, and every Cabernet Franc tastes like a smarmy, monocled grasshopper is swimming in your glass.
4. Burgundy, or if you want to ignore 4 billion years of geological evolution, "French Pinot Noir" is classified acre by acre to help represent how the land affects the wine. Burgundy is unique & compelling if it comes from a single vineyard, and it will generally suck if the grapes come from all over the region and the bottle is labeled as just “Burgundy” or “Bourgogne.” Each village in Burgundy tastes different. Wine from vineyards classified as Premier Cru or “1er” will be great, and wine from Grand Cru vineyards can be life-changing.
5. That being said, all Burgundy sucks because it is light.
6. You get what you pay for in Bordeaux, and it is mostly Merlot grapes with Cabernet Sauvignon grapes incorporated only to make the wine appear fancier.
7. The south and southwest of France are a mashup of the Rhone and Bordeaux in both grape choice and final flavor. Closer to Bordeaux wines tastes more like Bordeaux. Closer to the Rhône wines tastes more like Côtes du Rhône.
8. Beaujolais is secretly a region within Burgundy that uses Gamay grapes to make wine that tastes like pomegranates and cranberries. Beaujolais "Nouveau" is horrible. Otherwise, think of it as Burgundy that doesn't need aging.
SOUTH AFRICA
1. South African red wine tastes smokey, and if it is made from Pinotage grapes, it will taste like a smokey, peaty Scotch.
AUSTRALIA
1. All Australian red wines are fruity, but each great Australian red wine is fruity in its own, intriguing way.
3. The more you pay for it, the greater the depth of flavor it will have, and the deeper the breath you will have to take after tasting it.
4. $17-$25 is the sweet spot for "value." Cheaper and it is party wine. More expensive and it is for braggarts and experts.
5. The farther west and the farther south you go, the more complex the wines get. This includes Tasmania.
NEW ZEALAND
1. In 25 years, New Zealand might make better wine than France, but the vines need time to mature so most New Zealand wine tastes like a fruitier version of its French counterparts.
CALIFORNIA
1. California Pinot Noir ALWAYS tastes like cooked/stewed/or preserved fruit.
2. Napa Valley makes overpriced wine that tastes like dessert.
OREGON
1. Oregon wines are slightly fuller and fruitier fruitier versions of their European counterparts.
2. Oregon, like New Zealand, could soon overtake France..
3. Oregon's expensive wines are amazing values, but Oregon's cheap wines are a waste of money.
WASHINGTON
1. Washington reds taste like a cross between French wines & Australian wines.
2. Red Mountain has America's best “terroir.”
NEW YORK
1. New York reds taste like fish, and one day will be lauded for this.
IDAHO
1. Woe to the man who underestimates Idaho.
SPAIN
1. Spain is too sunny to make horrible wine.
2. Spain worships oak barrels.
3. These designations indicate how much time a wine spent in an oak barrel: Joven: no oak.Reserva: lots of oak, lots of aging. Gran Reserva: oaked and aged to the point of absurdity. Crianza: just enough oak” to give the wine a scent of roasted vanilla beans and soft earth. Crianza is the sweet spot.
2. Rioja is a place in Spain that uses Tempranillo grapes to make wine that tastes like cherries and beer burp tempered by the aforementioned designations of oak.
3. The Ribera del Duero is a region that tastes like Rioja on steroids.
4. Wine gets weird in Bierzo. Rust, herbs, and smokey flint are not unusual tasting notes in the aroma of wines of Spain's northwest.
5. Wine gets slutty in Catalunya, Jumilla, & La Mancha, etc. It's great, but extremely fruity and fun.
6. The Priorat exudes jammy fruits, hot spices, crushed stones, and graphite. It is expensive, opulent food wine.
7. Terra Alta and Montsant are basically Priorat without the hype.
8. Spain's geologic and geographic circumstances force its vines to produce astoundingly low yields per vine: lower yields mean more concentrated flavors!
PORTUGAL
1. Anything not produced by a cooperative has the possibility of being amazing.
2. Portugese reds often taste like Ports vinified to dry perfection.
AUSTRIA/GERMANY
1. Saint Laurent grapes taste like red fruits and dried meats.
2. Blaufränkisch is fruity, but with notes of herbs, spices, and underbrush.
3. Zweigelt tastes like cherries and spices.
4.Blauburgunder, Spätburgunder: other names for Pinot Noir.
ARGENTINA
1. Bonarda grapes taste like tart red fruits.
2. Malbec grapes are always chuggable, but the longer they spend in oak, the more robust they will be.
CHILE
1. Chocolate, green peppercorns, and roasted vanilla beans .
2. Carmenere: the long-lost grape of Bordeaux. It does the above to the extreme.
ISRAEL
1. Good Israeli reds smell like they were aged under an active volcano.
Here’s our favourite wine during the COVID-19 Circuit Breaker / Lockdown in Singapore.
Bin 138 draws its inspiration from the wines of Southern Rhône, where Shiraz, Grenache and Mataro (Mourvèdre) are blended in varying proportions to create full-bodied wines possessing rich and heady perfume.
Each year fruit for Bin 138 is sourced from Barossa Valley vines and then matured for 12 to 15 months in seasoned oak hogsheads to allow the different varietals to shine through. Bin 138 is defined by its distinctive plum, raspberry pastille and underlying spicy notes. The first vintage release of this varietal blend was the 1992, labelled ‘Old Vine Barossa Valley’ – it was then elevated to Bin status for the 1998 vintage.
#australianwine #singapore #penfoldswine #bin138 #shirazgrenachemataro #penfoldsbin138 #winebottle #penfolds #barossavalley
'16 Maylandie Rosé of Syrah/Grenache, Corbieres
'14 Mahonia Rosé of Pinot Noir, Willamette Valley
'16 51 Weeks Rosé of Barbera, Columbia Valley
at Wine & Growl in SW Portland, OR