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An image of myself as Darla Chandler, a 1960's British pop singer/secret agent from my "Absolutely Smashing" franchise.
Images of myself as Chantal Thierry, a 1960s French secret agent from my "Absolutely Smashing" franchise.
Video is up!
www.youtube.com/watch?v=5jH9bLapoGY
Hi guys, here are all of the customs I made for the Arkham Franchise. I really wanted to make this video before the release of Batman Arkham Origins, and I'm really looking forward to the game (I sadly didn't pre order it ):
However, there are a few things that didn't go as planned. I didn't had time to finish all of my customs, I was still making a Deathstroke and a Harley Quinn (Arkham City version). I also really wanted to make a Joker minifig, as he is like the main villian in almost all games. I didn't had enough money to order a few last pieces, I still don't like Poison Ivy's hairpiece, I wanted to use a Friends hairpiece for her. I also still needed a claw for my Scarecrow, but aside of those things, I think that most of these customs look quite good, hope you think the same ;)
My next project is finishing my Arkham City V2 Moc, and after that I'll continue with my The Last Of Us project, which will also take quite some time and money.
Anyways, I hope you like it, please checkout the video, I'm sorry that my English isn't the best, but I tried my best. I'd love to hear your comment, and see ya next time!
Ruben - The CrazyStarWarsGuy
From left to right:
Black Mask (Arkham City, Purist version) - Scarecrow - Catwoman - Batman (Arkham Asylum + Arkham City) - Alfred (Arkham Origins) - Hugo Strange - Poison Ivy (Arkham City)
In the background there are just some Joker henchmen and Blackgate Prisoners.
Decals by:
The Decal Creator
Cygnet UD
The Pyromaster
About 7 percent of the Golden Arches locations in the United States are company-owned. This one is s franchise.
This is Rhydon, the dinosaur-like Pokemon. Rhydon's horn is capable of drilling through rocks and even creating tunnels.
His strong hide is like armor that can withstand immense physical damage even from a cannonball blast.
He even has other strange features as well.
Some have even said that Rhydon has the ability to surf as well.
After seeing a good part usage for his horn, I have constructed Rhydon to become more
like a titan (that's why he's a little bigger than he should).
Characters, From L to R:
Bottom row:
Scarecrow (Adam Driver), Commissioner Gordon (Harrison Ford), Batman (Josh Brolin), Robin (Evan Peters), Penguin (John Goodman)
Middle Row:
Bane (Javier Bardem), Joker (Willem Dafoe), Catwoman (Milla Jovovich)
Top Row:
Mr. Freeze (Patrick Stewart), Riddler (Sterling K. Brown), Two-Face (John Hamm)
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Plots:
First Movie: Bruce Wayne was a child who lived happily with a wealthy family, but one day Bruce's parents were killed in an alley. He was raised by a butler, Alfred Pennyworth (played by Sean Connery), and eventually, Bruce became The Batman. In his very first crime to fight, he faced a group of thugs in Ace Chemical Plant, featuring a man named Jack, a comedian with a troubled past... In the fight with the gang, Jack fell into a vat of chemicals, the punchline of his joke life. Months later, Police Commissioner "Jim Gordon" brought a case to Batman, about a man in clown makeup, murdering the innocent... Batman investigates the crime, which comes to a shocking conclusion, involving the fatality of this clown...
Second Movie: Batman continues to save Gotham from it's troubles, whilst we learn about the backstory of Edwardo Nygma (look at my last post). Meanwhile, we learn about a young man named Dick Grayson, who works at a local restaurant, "The Ice Burg Lounge", run by an "Oswald Cobblepot". While we learn all of this, a new criminal is afoot...! Going by the name "The Riddler". Batman must find the identity of this "Riddler", and take him down! But, the answers harder to find then you'd think... But luckily, The Dark Knight can solve it! Batman finds the true culprit, and faces them in a final duel, before The Riddler is put in prison...
Third Movie: "Victor Fries" is a scientist, who's been secretly working on a cure to heal his diseased wife. Unfortunately, the boss of the organization Victor works at finds out, and punishes him. In the punishment, he froze Victors wife to death, and exposed Victor to radiant chemicals by accident! The boss fled the scene, but Victor was left alive, with bleached white skin. He created a containment suit to keep himself alive, and a freeze ray to do to his boss what they did to Victor's wife. Meanwhile, Batman stops a group of thugs, with Dick Grayson as a witness. Later, Dick finds Batman and asks to join them, to fight alongside Batman. He explains how his parents died back when he lived in a circus, and wants to do what he can to make the world a better place. Batman agrees to this, and makes a suit for Dick, who now goes by the name of "Robin". Batman and Robin are told by Gordon to go after an armored murderer, who turns out to be Fries, and the duo take him down!
Fourth Movie: Harvey Dent is a mentally troubled man, who three times a week goes to a therapy session with "Dr. Johnathan Crane". Harvey has had multiple personality disorder for the majority of his life, but one day... Harvey snapped. Harvey was in a therapy session when he suddenly attacked Crane, and Crane tried to defend himself! He splashed a cup of chemicals used for chemotherapy on his face, melting the flesh, and bleaching his hair! But... Only have of his face. He wanted vengeance, and only went more into madness due to him quitting therapy. He committed crimes, killed people, injured people, etc. But to keep himself contained, he did everything he did based off of the flip of a coin. Soon, Batman and Robin find out about these crimes. They eventually find Harvey and put him in prison, but soon in an interrogation found out how he was scarred... The duo looked for Crane, and found him in his therapy room. Crane pulled a crank on a vial, filling the room with his "fear toxin". They have a final battle, and it ends with Crane going to prison for crimes he kept hidden for several weeks...
Fifth and Final Movie: Batman and Robin go after a group of thugs, but Robin gets injured... He comes to the realization that crime fighting is too dangerous, and retires from being Robin. Batman then sits alone in his manor... He realizes somethings... off. Later, he finds out Alfred was missing! But, he had no leads, no evidence other than Alfred not being there, etc. Batman goes out to fight another group of thugs, but this time they get away. Batman sits in his manor again, wondering why everything's going downhill. Meanwhile, there's a subplot about the life of a child, growing up in prison. He gets stronger and stronger as he gets older, and he soon finds out about Batman in prison. He is interested, and makes it his life goal to break out of prison and defeat this "Batman". This guy eventually breaks out, with the help of someone going by the name of "Catwoman". She also deals some drugs to them, as well as some armor. The drugs were something called "Venom", a liquid that could make you stronger. The man puts on the suit, and takes the drugs. He now goes by the name "Bane". Bane finds Batman in his manor, and fights him. Batman is very weak, as he is going through a sever feeling of depression, especially more so due to the face that Bane reveals he murdered Alfred..! Bane then breaks Batman's back!!! After Batman's defeated, Bane flees the scene. Eventually, Batman gets a message. It tells him to go to an area of Gotham (the city they live in) that they never heard of... They went there... They found Bane in the area! However, another man came in... It's... The Joker!!! The clown man from the first film! He injects himself with venom, and becomes stronger than ever! They are about to fight, but not before someone else came in... Someone calling themselves "Nightwing". Batman knew who it was... It was Dick! They fought the Joker, and once he was defeated, Nightwing grappled away. The Joker gets back up, back to normal size... He states that he faked his death and came back because he felt incomplete with a life without Batman... Batman completed him. However, The Joker then said that Batman was going to be gone someday, and Joker didn't want to live in a world without him, and killed himself. The franchise ends with Batman standing on a rooftop, alone...
~Scarecrow
Up next is the warrior Gallade from the Sinnoh region. His sword-like arms plus his duo type (Psychic/Fighting) makes him an instant pick for my team.
With the combination of green and teal katana's, Gallade is certainly my favorite.
Coachbuilder: Xiamen King Long Bus
Coach Model: KL XMQ6117Y3
Fare Class: Regular Aircon
Franchise Route: LRT Buendia / Pasay - Nasugbu via Dasmariñas
Location: Aguinaldo Highway, San Agustin II, Dasmariñas City
Date Taken: January 30, 2025
This Fire / Fighting type Pokemon is a skilled warrior of martial arts and uses it's muscular legs for attacks such as "Blaze Kick".
Blaziken's arms resemble chicken feet, as he uses them to subdue it's opponents with moves like "Close Combat".
I think Blaziken is just about minifig-size, and was surprisingly easy to come up with.
I am completely unfamiliar with the new Pokemon, but have attempted to make the popular Samurott.
Very much like a samurai and sea lion, this guy is covered with shell-like armor and can reveal hidden two swords.
He glares at his opponents to silence them and then attacks. I think I'm taking a liking to him too.
225 was seen arriving at the turning circle at the Dynamic Earth geological tourist attraction at the foot of Holyrood Road. The 2016 vehicle is operating the franchised City Sightseeing tour for which fleet numbers 221-231 carry the colourful red livery now seen in cities across the world.
Alles zu Franchise auf www.franchisecheck.de. Neues Infos und Franchise mit vielen Ideen. Mehr auf: www.franchisecheck.de/suche/franchise-unternehmen
So first up is the juggernaught Magmortar, the evolved form of Magmar.
This guy has a high Sp.Atk rate and can unleash consuming flame from it's arms that act as cannons.
Don't want to mess with him.
Next is the wild Infernape. One of the Sinnoh starters, this flaming monkey can
be used as a mixed sweeper to quickly dominate over it's opponents.
With his fiery nature, Infernape is said to be most competitive when it comes to speed.
Back view.
Another favorite is Feraligatr, the bulky crocodilian Pokemon.
He is most notably known for his battle-like stature, as well as his powerful jaw.
Feraligatr moves faster in water than in land, then brutally attacks its opponents by dragging them down into the depths.
Skarmory is a Steel / Flying type that is covered in a metallic armor, even it's wings. The wings also serve as sharp swords or knives.
They are highly territorial and attacks anyone who threatens them.
Once I saw his wings, I instantly thought of these spikes www.bricklink.com/catalogItemPic.asp?P=64727.
Unfortunately I couldn't get his body-shape so that's why he looks a bit pudgy.
180113 passes Camden Road, working 5A80 10.55 Wolverton Works - Crofton Depot, running about an hour behind schedule.
This was the first class 180 "Adelante" DMU to undergo refurbishment after transfer from First Great Western to Hull Trains, and the first of the type to carry First Group's "express rail" livery (more commonly called "dynamic lines" or "neon lights"), as applied to the FGW HSTs and TransPennine Express class 185s. 180113 entered passenger service with Hull Trains on 1st May 2009.
Hull Trains started its operations in September 2000 using three-car class 170/2 "Turbostar" DMUs hired from sister company Anglia Railways, but subsequently ordered four of its own. It also ordered four four-car class 222 DEMUs (based on the class 220 and 221 "Voyager" design built for Virgin Trains, but Midland Main Line subsequently ordered significantly more 222s) with the 170s being transferred to ScotRail (a First Group franchise at the time), but in 2008 acquired five ex-First Great Western class 180 DMUs (180109-111 initially, followed by 180107 and then 180113) and in the first four months of 2009 the 222s were transferred to East Midlands Trains (the successor to Midland Main Line). The 180s were replaced with brand new class 802 bi-mode multiple units during 2020.
This was the second class 180 I photographed during the hour or so I was here, as there had also been an Old Oak Common to Heaton working about three-quarters of an hour previously, 180105 (still in original livery) being transferred to Grand Central - see this picture. However, that ran about half an hour early, and this was about an hour late, so they came in the wrong order and this was the last of five trains I photographed here this afternoon (two 180s, two London Overground 313s, and a Freightliner 66-hauled container train)!
Visit Brian Carter's Non-Transport Pics to see my photos of landscapes, buildings, bridges, sunsets, rainbows and more.
See this locomotive in the video here: www.youtube.com/watch?v=QH6pSDHoU4A
Seen arriving with the afternoon 'Shakespeare Express' from Stratford-on-Avon to Birmingham Snow Hill is GWR 4900 Class 4965 'Rood Ashton Hall', seen arriving at Birmingham Moor Street in perfect sunlight and making an equally spectacular sight!
The Hall Class were originally developed from a prototypical engine converted from an earlier Saint Class locomotive by the Great Western Railway. Locomotive 2925 'Saint Martin' was chosen in 1924 and fitted with smaller driving wheels, cylinder realignment and a more modern 'Castle'-type cab was fitted. The rebuilt Saint Martin emerged from Swindon in 1924 and, renumbered 4900, embarked on three years of trials. During this period Collett introduced other modifications. The pitch of the taper boiler was altered and outside steam pipes were added.
Satisfied with no.4900's performance Collett placed an order with Swindon works and the first of the new two-cylinder Halls entered service in 1928. They differed little from the prototype; the bogie wheel diameter had been reduced by two inches from 3ft 2in to 3ft 0in and the valve setting amended to give an increased travel of 7.5in. The overall weight of the locomotive had increased by 2.5 tons to 76.2 tons.
In what amounted to a trial run the first 14 were despatched to the arduous proving grounds of the Cornish main line. However they were so successful here and elsewhere on the GWR system that by the time the first production batch of 80 had been completed in 1930 a further 178 were on order. By 1935, 150 were in service and the 259th and last Hall, No. 6958 Oxburgh Hall, was delivered in 1943.
Collett had been replaced by F.W. Hawksworth in 1941 and Hawksworth created a modified version known as the Modified Hall Class which remained in production until 1950. One of Hawksworth's modifications in changing the design was to equip it better to cope with the low quality coal available during the war. If anything the situation worsened after the war, leading to serious consideration being given to oil firing. Beginning in 1946 with No. 5955 Garth Hall the GWR converted 11 of the class to burn oil. Within four years, however, they had all reverted to coal.
All but one of the original Collett Halls entered British Railways service in 1948, the exception being No. 4911 Bowden Hall, which sustained a direct hit during an air raid in 1941. The locomotive had stopped at a signal box because of an air raid, and the crew survived by sheltering under the steps of the signal box whilst in the Keyham area of Plymouth. 4911 was one of two GWR locomotives damaged beyond repair in Britain during World War II, the other being 1854 Class 1729. During their later years two other locomotives were involved in serious collision incidents, with the first being in 1961 where 6949 Haberfield Hall crashed into a freight train at Baschurch in Shropshire due to a signalman's error (resulting in 3 deaths), and another in 1962 at Torquay where 4932 Hatherton Hall overran signals and crashed into the back of a stationary passenger train (injuring 23).
Official withdrawals began in 1959 with the prototype Saint Martin, although since its original construction as a Saint Class in 1907, the locomotive had covered an incredible 2,092,500 miles. December 1965 saw the end of the Halls, with no examples being preserved for the National Collection. However, because many locomotives were sent to the Woodham's Brother's Scrapyard in South Wales, 11 engines were rescued, the last being in 1986.
One engine, 5972 Olton Hall, has become something of an international superstar by way of the Harry Potter movie franchise, being renamed Hogwarts Castle and being used in the films as the enchanted express to take the students from London King's Cross to Hogwarts Station. This engine has since been withdrawn from the mainline and now resides at the Warner Brother's Studio in North London for a 2 year period.
However, the first "Hall" to leave Barry was 4965 Rood Ashton Hall, which is one of two preserved locomotives to be registered for mainline use.
This locomotive was previously identified as 4983 Albert Hall, having been rebuilt in 1962 using parts from both original engines Albert Hall and Rood Ashton Hall. Both locomotives had their numbers stamped onto their respective parts. The purchasing group of enthusiasts thought they were buying 4983 Albert Hall but after later restoration discovered some of the parts had been stamped 4965 and some 4983. Rood Ashton Hall now has plates and numbers on one side that say 4983 Albert Hall for enthusiasts to see once again but still hauls Rood Ashton Hall's original tender. Albert Hall's original tender was a large Collett tender, so the only incarnation of 4983 Albert Hall and tender is Hornby's tri-ang model.
In November 2008, Rood Ashton Hall was taken out of service for overhaul after hauling the Rood Ashton Hall Farewell train from Solihull to Didcot Parkway. The engine's 10-year overhaul took just a few months due to an ongoing programme of maintenance work that had been previously carried out during periods of low main line activity. It returned to the mainline in October 2009. Today it primarily works the 'Shakespeare Express' from Birmingham Snow Hill to Stratford-on-Avon, a picturesque journey to the hometown of the famous playwright.
Seen on a motorway service station stop. Taken with my 'phone then given 4 levels of posterisation. Very American signage!
Independent Grocers Alliance was founded in 1926. It's not the oldest supermarket franchise chain, Piggly Wiggly is. But it is the most international.
Daniel LaRusso is a fictional character and the protagonist of The Karate Kid media franchise.
He is portrayed by Ralph Macchio.
Overview
Daniel LaRusso was born in Newark, New Jersey, on December 18, 1966, into an Italian-American family. When he was eight, his father died after a 2-year battle with stomach cancer. Daniel's mother Lucille never remarried. In September 1984, Daniel and Lucille moved to Reseda, California, after Lucille accepted a job offer at a computer firm. Shortly after moving to California, Daniel meets and starts a rivalry with Johnny Lawrence, the two-time winner of the All Valley Under-18 Karate Championship after the latter mistakened him for having a fling towards his ex-girlfriend Ali Mills. Luckily for Daniel, after being jumped by Johnny and his friends, he met Mr. Miyagi, the maintenance man at his apartment, who becomes his karate mentor and also a perfect friend of his, as well as a father figure. Through this training, Daniel becomes skilled enough to defeat Johnny in the tournament's final match and become the new champion. Despite their mutual respect afterward, Daniel and Johnny become rivals.
Over the summer, Daniel gets to spend more time with Mr. Miyagi as they go to Okinawa, where Daniel ends up meeting a girl named Kumiko who becomes his love interest and eventual girlfriend along with also getting into a rivalry with Chozen, who is Sato's karate student and nephew. He ends up defeating Chozen in a fight to the death, although instead of killing him, he obeys Mr. Miyagi's teachings and instead shows mercy to Chozen. After returning home, Daniel picks up one more karate championship in the All-Valley Tournament after being forced to compete in the tournament and defeats the national karate champion Mike Barnes, becoming a 2-time champion, and ending Terry Silver and John Kreese's vision of opening up multiple Cobra Kai dojos all across the valley.
Thirty-three years later, Daniel becomes the owner of a successful car dealership in Southern California and is married to his co-owner, Amanda, with whom they have two children named Samantha (nicknamed Sam) and Anthony. They live in a large home with a swimming pool in Encino. Despite his success as an adult, he lacks the life balance he had in his youth, as Mr. Miyagi had died in 2011. Daniel's interest in karate reignites after LaRusso learns of the return of the Cobra Kai dojo, now run by Lawrence. This drives Daniel to reopen Miyagi-Do, passing on the teachings of the dojo to a new generation of students, leading to a massive rivalry between the two dojos and their students.
Graffiti (plural; singular graffiti or graffito, the latter rarely used except in archeology) is art that is written, painted or drawn on a wall or other surface, usually without permission and within public view. Graffiti ranges from simple written words to elaborate wall paintings, and has existed since ancient times, with examples dating back to ancient Egypt, ancient Greece, and the Roman Empire (see also mural).
Graffiti is a controversial subject. In most countries, marking or painting property without permission is considered by property owners and civic authorities as defacement and vandalism, which is a punishable crime, citing the use of graffiti by street gangs to mark territory or to serve as an indicator of gang-related activities. Graffiti has become visualized as a growing urban "problem" for many cities in industrialized nations, spreading from the New York City subway system and Philadelphia in the early 1970s to the rest of the United States and Europe and other world regions
"Graffiti" (usually both singular and plural) and the rare singular form "graffito" are from the Italian word graffiato ("scratched"). The term "graffiti" is used in art history for works of art produced by scratching a design into a surface. A related term is "sgraffito", which involves scratching through one layer of pigment to reveal another beneath it. This technique was primarily used by potters who would glaze their wares and then scratch a design into them. In ancient times graffiti were carved on walls with a sharp object, although sometimes chalk or coal were used. The word originates from Greek γράφειν—graphein—meaning "to write".
The term graffiti originally referred to the inscriptions, figure drawings, and such, found on the walls of ancient sepulchres or ruins, as in the Catacombs of Rome or at Pompeii. Historically, these writings were not considered vanadlism, which today is considered part of the definition of graffiti.
The only known source of the Safaitic language, an ancient form of Arabic, is from graffiti: inscriptions scratched on to the surface of rocks and boulders in the predominantly basalt desert of southern Syria, eastern Jordan and northern Saudi Arabia. Safaitic dates from the first century BC to the fourth century AD.
Some of the oldest cave paintings in the world are 40,000 year old ones found in Australia. The oldest written graffiti was found in ancient Rome around 2500 years ago. Most graffiti from the time was boasts about sexual experiences Graffiti in Ancient Rome was a form of communication, and was not considered vandalism.
Ancient tourists visiting the 5th-century citadel at Sigiriya in Sri Lanka write their names and commentary over the "mirror wall", adding up to over 1800 individual graffiti produced there between the 6th and 18th centuries. Most of the graffiti refer to the frescoes of semi-nude females found there. One reads:
Wet with cool dew drops
fragrant with perfume from the flowers
came the gentle breeze
jasmine and water lily
dance in the spring sunshine
side-long glances
of the golden-hued ladies
stab into my thoughts
heaven itself cannot take my mind
as it has been captivated by one lass
among the five hundred I have seen here.
Among the ancient political graffiti examples were Arab satirist poems. Yazid al-Himyari, an Umayyad Arab and Persian poet, was most known for writing his political poetry on the walls between Sajistan and Basra, manifesting a strong hatred towards the Umayyad regime and its walis, and people used to read and circulate them very widely.
Graffiti, known as Tacherons, were frequently scratched on Romanesque Scandinavian church walls. When Renaissance artists such as Pinturicchio, Raphael, Michelangelo, Ghirlandaio, or Filippino Lippi descended into the ruins of Nero's Domus Aurea, they carved or painted their names and returned to initiate the grottesche style of decoration.
There are also examples of graffiti occurring in American history, such as Independence Rock, a national landmark along the Oregon Trail.
Later, French soldiers carved their names on monuments during the Napoleonic campaign of Egypt in the 1790s. Lord Byron's survives on one of the columns of the Temple of Poseidon at Cape Sounion in Attica, Greece.
The oldest known example of graffiti "monikers" found on traincars created by hobos and railworkers since the late 1800s. The Bozo Texino monikers were documented by filmmaker Bill Daniel in his 2005 film, Who is Bozo Texino?.
In World War II, an inscription on a wall at the fortress of Verdun was seen as an illustration of the US response twice in a generation to the wrongs of the Old World:
During World War II and for decades after, the phrase "Kilroy was here" with an accompanying illustration was widespread throughout the world, due to its use by American troops and ultimately filtering into American popular culture. Shortly after the death of Charlie Parker (nicknamed "Yardbird" or "Bird"), graffiti began appearing around New York with the words "Bird Lives".
Modern graffiti art has its origins with young people in 1960s and 70s in New York City and Philadelphia. Tags were the first form of stylised contemporary graffiti. Eventually, throw-ups and pieces evolved with the desire to create larger art. Writers used spray paint and other kind of materials to leave tags or to create images on the sides subway trains. and eventually moved into the city after the NYC metro began to buy new trains and paint over graffiti.
While the art had many advocates and appreciators—including the cultural critic Norman Mailer—others, including New York City mayor Ed Koch, considered it to be defacement of public property, and saw it as a form of public blight. The ‘taggers’ called what they did ‘writing’—though an important 1974 essay by Mailer referred to it using the term ‘graffiti.’
Contemporary graffiti style has been heavily influenced by hip hop culture and the myriad international styles derived from Philadelphia and New York City Subway graffiti; however, there are many other traditions of notable graffiti in the twentieth century. Graffiti have long appeared on building walls, in latrines, railroad boxcars, subways, and bridges.
An early graffito outside of New York or Philadelphia was the inscription in London reading "Clapton is God" in reference to the guitarist Eric Clapton. Creating the cult of the guitar hero, the phrase was spray-painted by an admirer on a wall in an Islington, north London in the autumn of 1967. The graffito was captured in a photograph, in which a dog is urinating on the wall.
Films like Style Wars in the 80s depicting famous writers such as Skeme, Dondi, MinOne, and ZEPHYR reinforced graffiti's role within New York's emerging hip-hop culture. Although many officers of the New York City Police Department found this film to be controversial, Style Wars is still recognized as the most prolific film representation of what was going on within the young hip hop culture of the early 1980s. Fab 5 Freddy and Futura 2000 took hip hop graffiti to Paris and London as part of the New York City Rap Tour in 1983
Commercialization and entrance into mainstream pop culture
Main article: Commercial graffiti
With the popularity and legitimization of graffiti has come a level of commercialization. In 2001, computer giant IBM launched an advertising campaign in Chicago and San Francisco which involved people spray painting on sidewalks a peace symbol, a heart, and a penguin (Linux mascot), to represent "Peace, Love, and Linux." IBM paid Chicago and San Francisco collectively US$120,000 for punitive damages and clean-up costs.
In 2005, a similar ad campaign was launched by Sony and executed by its advertising agency in New York, Chicago, Atlanta, Philadelphia, Los Angeles, and Miami, to market its handheld PSP gaming system. In this campaign, taking notice of the legal problems of the IBM campaign, Sony paid building owners for the rights to paint on their buildings "a collection of dizzy-eyed urban kids playing with the PSP as if it were a skateboard, a paddle, or a rocking horse".
Tristan Manco wrote that Brazil "boasts a unique and particularly rich, graffiti scene ... [earning] it an international reputation as the place to go for artistic inspiration". Graffiti "flourishes in every conceivable space in Brazil's cities". Artistic parallels "are often drawn between the energy of São Paulo today and 1970s New York". The "sprawling metropolis", of São Paulo has "become the new shrine to graffiti"; Manco alludes to "poverty and unemployment ... [and] the epic struggles and conditions of the country's marginalised peoples", and to "Brazil's chronic poverty", as the main engines that "have fuelled a vibrant graffiti culture". In world terms, Brazil has "one of the most uneven distributions of income. Laws and taxes change frequently". Such factors, Manco argues, contribute to a very fluid society, riven with those economic divisions and social tensions that underpin and feed the "folkloric vandalism and an urban sport for the disenfranchised", that is South American graffiti art.
Prominent Brazilian writers include Os Gêmeos, Boleta, Nunca, Nina, Speto, Tikka, and T.Freak. Their artistic success and involvement in commercial design ventures has highlighted divisions within the Brazilian graffiti community between adherents of the cruder transgressive form of pichação and the more conventionally artistic values of the practitioners of grafite.
Graffiti in the Middle East has emerged slowly, with taggers operating in Egypt, Lebanon, the Gulf countries like Bahrain or the United Arab Emirates, Israel, and in Iran. The major Iranian newspaper Hamshahri has published two articles on illegal writers in the city with photographic coverage of Iranian artist A1one's works on Tehran walls. Tokyo-based design magazine, PingMag, has interviewed A1one and featured photographs of his work. The Israeli West Bank barrier has become a site for graffiti, reminiscent in this sense of the Berlin Wall. Many writers in Israel come from other places around the globe, such as JUIF from Los Angeles and DEVIONE from London. The religious reference "נ נח נחמ נחמן מאומן" ("Na Nach Nachma Nachman Meuman") is commonly seen in graffiti around Israel.
Graffiti has played an important role within the street art scene in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA), especially following the events of the Arab Spring of 2011 or the Sudanese Revolution of 2018/19. Graffiti is a tool of expression in the context of conflict in the region, allowing people to raise their voices politically and socially. Famous street artist Banksy has had an important effect in the street art scene in the MENA area, especially in Palestine where some of his works are located in the West Bank barrier and Bethlehem.
There are also a large number of graffiti influences in Southeast Asian countries that mostly come from modern Western culture, such as Malaysia, where graffiti have long been a common sight in Malaysia's capital city, Kuala Lumpur. Since 2010, the country has begun hosting a street festival to encourage all generations and people from all walks of life to enjoy and encourage Malaysian street culture.
The modern-day graffitists can be found with an arsenal of various materials that allow for a successful production of a piece. This includes such techniques as scribing. However, spray paint in aerosol cans is the number one medium for graffiti. From this commodity comes different styles, technique, and abilities to form master works of graffiti. Spray paint can be found at hardware and art stores and comes in virtually every color.
Stencil graffiti is created by cutting out shapes and designs in a stiff material (such as cardboard or subject folders) to form an overall design or image. The stencil is then placed on the "canvas" gently and with quick, easy strokes of the aerosol can, the image begins to appear on the intended surface.
Some of the first examples were created in 1981 by artists Blek le Rat in Paris, in 1982 by Jef Aerosol in Tours (France); by 1985 stencils had appeared in other cities including New York City, Sydney, and Melbourne, where they were documented by American photographer Charles Gatewood and Australian photographer Rennie Ellis
Tagging is the practice of someone spray-painting "their name, initial or logo onto a public surface" in a handstyle unique to the writer. Tags were the first form of modern graffiti.
Modern graffiti art often incorporates additional arts and technologies. For example, Graffiti Research Lab has encouraged the use of projected images and magnetic light-emitting diodes (throwies) as new media for graffitists. yarnbombing is another recent form of graffiti. Yarnbombers occasionally target previous graffiti for modification, which had been avoided among the majority of graffitists.
Theories on the use of graffiti by avant-garde artists have a history dating back at least to the Asger Jorn, who in 1962 painting declared in a graffiti-like gesture "the avant-garde won't give up"
Many contemporary analysts and even art critics have begun to see artistic value in some graffiti and to recognize it as a form of public art. According to many art researchers, particularly in the Netherlands and in Los Angeles, that type of public art is, in fact an effective tool of social emancipation or, in the achievement of a political goal
In times of conflict, such murals have offered a means of communication and self-expression for members of these socially, ethnically, or racially divided communities, and have proven themselves as effective tools in establishing dialog and thus, of addressing cleavages in the long run. The Berlin Wall was also extensively covered by graffiti reflecting social pressures relating to the oppressive Soviet rule over the GDR.
Many artists involved with graffiti are also concerned with the similar activity of stenciling. Essentially, this entails stenciling a print of one or more colors using spray-paint. Recognized while exhibiting and publishing several of her coloured stencils and paintings portraying the Sri Lankan Civil War and urban Britain in the early 2000s, graffitists Mathangi Arulpragasam, aka M.I.A., has also become known for integrating her imagery of political violence into her music videos for singles "Galang" and "Bucky Done Gun", and her cover art. Stickers of her artwork also often appear around places such as London in Brick Lane, stuck to lamp posts and street signs, she having become a muse for other graffitists and painters worldwide in cities including Seville.
Graffitist believes that art should be on display for everyone in the public eye or in plain sight, not hidden away in a museum or a gallery. Art should color the streets, not the inside of some building. Graffiti is a form of art that cannot be owned or bought. It does not last forever, it is temporary, yet one of a kind. It is a form of self promotion for the artist that can be displayed anywhere form sidewalks, roofs, subways, building wall, etc. Art to them is for everyone and should be showed to everyone for free.
Graffiti is a way of communicating and a way of expressing what one feels in the moment. It is both art and a functional thing that can warn people of something or inform people of something. However, graffiti is to some people a form of art, but to some a form of vandalism. And many graffitists choose to protect their identities and remain anonymous or to hinder prosecution.
With the commercialization of graffiti (and hip hop in general), in most cases, even with legally painted "graffiti" art, graffitists tend to choose anonymity. This may be attributed to various reasons or a combination of reasons. Graffiti still remains the one of four hip hop elements that is not considered "performance art" despite the image of the "singing and dancing star" that sells hip hop culture to the mainstream. Being a graphic form of art, it might also be said that many graffitists still fall in the category of the introverted archetypal artist.
Banksy is one of the world's most notorious and popular street artists who continues to remain faceless in today's society. He is known for his political, anti-war stencil art mainly in Bristol, England, but his work may be seen anywhere from Los Angeles to Palestine. In the UK, Banksy is the most recognizable icon for this cultural artistic movement and keeps his identity a secret to avoid arrest. Much of Banksy's artwork may be seen around the streets of London and surrounding suburbs, although he has painted pictures throughout the world, including the Middle East, where he has painted on Israel's controversial West Bank barrier with satirical images of life on the other side. One depicted a hole in the wall with an idyllic beach, while another shows a mountain landscape on the other side. A number of exhibitions also have taken place since 2000, and recent works of art have fetched vast sums of money. Banksy's art is a prime example of the classic controversy: vandalism vs. art. Art supporters endorse his work distributed in urban areas as pieces of art and some councils, such as Bristol and Islington, have officially protected them, while officials of other areas have deemed his work to be vandalism and have removed it.
Pixnit is another artist who chooses to keep her identity from the general public. Her work focuses on beauty and design aspects of graffiti as opposed to Banksy's anti-government shock value. Her paintings are often of flower designs above shops and stores in her local urban area of Cambridge, Massachusetts. Some store owners endorse her work and encourage others to do similar work as well. "One of the pieces was left up above Steve's Kitchen, because it looks pretty awesome"- Erin Scott, the manager of New England Comics in Allston, Massachusetts.
Graffiti artists may become offended if photographs of their art are published in a commercial context without their permission. In March 2020, the Finnish graffiti artist Psyke expressed his displeasure at the newspaper Ilta-Sanomat publishing a photograph of a Peugeot 208 in an article about new cars, with his graffiti prominently shown on the background. The artist claims he does not want his art being used in commercial context, not even if he were to receive compensation.
Territorial graffiti marks urban neighborhoods with tags and logos to differentiate certain groups from others. These images are meant to show outsiders a stern look at whose turf is whose. The subject matter of gang-related graffiti consists of cryptic symbols and initials strictly fashioned with unique calligraphies. Gang members use graffiti to designate membership throughout the gang, to differentiate rivals and associates and, most commonly, to mark borders which are both territorial and ideological.
Graffiti has been used as a means of advertising both legally and illegally. Bronx-based TATS CRU has made a name for themselves doing legal advertising campaigns for companies such as Coca-Cola, McDonald's, Toyota, and MTV. In the UK, Covent Garden's Boxfresh used stencil images of a Zapatista revolutionary in the hopes that cross referencing would promote their store.
Smirnoff hired artists to use reverse graffiti (the use of high pressure hoses to clean dirty surfaces to leave a clean image in the surrounding dirt) to increase awareness of their product.
Graffiti often has a reputation as part of a subculture that rebels against authority, although the considerations of the practitioners often diverge and can relate to a wide range of attitudes. It can express a political practice and can form just one tool in an array of resistance techniques. One early example includes the anarcho-punk band Crass, who conducted a campaign of stenciling anti-war, anarchist, feminist, and anti-consumerist messages throughout the London Underground system during the late 1970s and early 1980s. In Amsterdam graffiti was a major part of the punk scene. The city was covered with names such as "De Zoot", "Vendex", and "Dr Rat". To document the graffiti a punk magazine was started that was called Gallery Anus. So when hip hop came to Europe in the early 1980s there was already a vibrant graffiti culture.
The student protests and general strike of May 1968 saw Paris bedecked in revolutionary, anarchistic, and situationist slogans such as L'ennui est contre-révolutionnaire ("Boredom is counterrevolutionary") and Lisez moins, vivez plus ("Read less, live more"). While not exhaustive, the graffiti gave a sense of the 'millenarian' and rebellious spirit, tempered with a good deal of verbal wit, of the strikers.
I think graffiti writing is a way of defining what our generation is like. Excuse the French, we're not a bunch of p---- artists. Traditionally artists have been considered soft and mellow people, a little bit kooky. Maybe we're a little bit more like pirates that way. We defend our territory, whatever space we steal to paint on, we defend it fiercely.
The developments of graffiti art which took place in art galleries and colleges as well as "on the street" or "underground", contributed to the resurfacing in the 1990s of a far more overtly politicized art form in the subvertising, culture jamming, or tactical media movements. These movements or styles tend to classify the artists by their relationship to their social and economic contexts, since, in most countries, graffiti art remains illegal in many forms except when using non-permanent paint. Since the 1990s with the rise of Street Art, a growing number of artists are switching to non-permanent paints and non-traditional forms of painting.
Contemporary practitioners, accordingly, have varied and often conflicting practices. Some individuals, such as Alexander Brener, have used the medium to politicize other art forms, and have used the prison sentences enforced on them as a means of further protest. The practices of anonymous groups and individuals also vary widely, and practitioners by no means always agree with each other's practices. For example, the anti-capitalist art group the Space Hijackers did a piece in 2004 about the contradiction between the capitalistic elements of Banksy and his use of political imagery.
Berlin human rights activist Irmela Mensah-Schramm has received global media attention and numerous awards for her 35-year campaign of effacing neo-Nazi and other right-wing extremist graffiti throughout Germany, often by altering hate speech in humorous ways.
In Serbian capital, Belgrade, the graffiti depicting a uniformed former general of Serb army and war criminal, convicted at ICTY for war crimes and crimes against humanity, including genocide and ethnic cleansing in Bosnian War, Ratko Mladić, appeared in a military salute alongside the words "General, thank to your mother". Aleks Eror, Berlin-based journalist, explains how "veneration of historical and wartime figures" through street art is not a new phenomenon in the region of former Yugoslavia, and that "in most cases is firmly focused on the future, rather than retelling the past". Eror is not only analyst pointing to danger of such an expressions for the region's future. In a long expose on the subject of Bosnian genocide denial, at Balkan Diskurs magazine and multimedia platform website, Kristina Gadže and Taylor Whitsell referred to these experiences as a young generations' "cultural heritage", in which young are being exposed to celebration and affirmation of war-criminals as part of their "formal education" and "inheritance".
There are numerous examples of genocide denial through celebration and affirmation of war criminals throughout the region of Western Balkans inhabited by Serbs using this form of artistic expression. Several more of these graffiti are found in Serbian capital, and many more across Serbia and Bosnian and Herzegovinian administrative entity, Republika Srpska, which is the ethnic Serbian majority enclave. Critics point that Serbia as a state, is willing to defend the mural of convicted war criminal, and have no intention to react on cases of genocide denial, noting that Interior Minister of Serbia, Aleksandar Vulin decision to ban any gathering with an intent to remove the mural, with the deployment of riot police, sends the message of "tacit endorsement". Consequently, on 9 November 2021, Serbian heavy police in riot gear, with graffiti creators and their supporters, blocked the access to the mural to prevent human rights groups and other activists to paint over it and mark the International Day Against Fascism and Antisemitism in that way, and even arrested two civic activist for throwing eggs at the graffiti.
Graffiti may also be used as an offensive expression. This form of graffiti may be difficult to identify, as it is mostly removed by the local authority (as councils which have adopted strategies of criminalization also strive to remove graffiti quickly). Therefore, existing racist graffiti is mostly more subtle and at first sight, not easily recognized as "racist". It can then be understood only if one knows the relevant "local code" (social, historical, political, temporal, and spatial), which is seen as heteroglot and thus a 'unique set of conditions' in a cultural context.
A spatial code for example, could be that there is a certain youth group in an area that is engaging heavily in racist activities. So, for residents (knowing the local code), a graffiti containing only the name or abbreviation of this gang already is a racist expression, reminding the offended people of their gang activities. Also a graffiti is in most cases, the herald of more serious criminal activity to come. A person who does not know these gang activities would not be able to recognize the meaning of this graffiti. Also if a tag of this youth group or gang is placed on a building occupied by asylum seekers, for example, its racist character is even stronger.
By making the graffiti less explicit (as adapted to social and legal constraints), these drawings are less likely to be removed, but do not lose their threatening and offensive character.
Elsewhere, activists in Russia have used painted caricatures of local officials with their mouths as potholes, to show their anger about the poor state of the roads. In Manchester, England, a graffitists painted obscene images around potholes, which often resulted in them being repaired within 48 hours.
In the early 1980s, the first art galleries to show graffitists to the public were Fashion Moda in the Bronx, Now Gallery and Fun Gallery, both in the East Village, Manhattan.
A 2006 exhibition at the Brooklyn Museum displayed graffiti as an art form that began in New York's outer boroughs and reached great heights in the early 1980s with the work of Crash, Lee, Daze, Keith Haring, and Jean-Michel Basquiat. It displayed 22 works by New York graffitists, including Crash, Daze, and Lady Pink. In an article about the exhibition in the magazine Time Out, curator Charlotta Kotik said that she hoped the exhibition would cause viewers to rethink their assumptions about graffiti.
From the 1970s onwards, Burhan Doğançay photographed urban walls all over the world; these he then archived for use as sources of inspiration for his painterly works. The project today known as "Walls of the World" grew beyond even his own expectations and comprises about 30,000 individual images. It spans a period of 40 years across five continents and 114 countries. In 1982, photographs from this project comprised a one-man exhibition titled "Les murs murmurent, ils crient, ils chantent ..." (The walls whisper, shout and sing ...) at the Centre Georges Pompidou in Paris.
In Australia, art historians have judged some local graffiti of sufficient creative merit to rank them firmly within the arts. Oxford University Press's art history text Australian Painting 1788–2000 concludes with a long discussion of graffiti's key place within contemporary visual culture, including the work of several Australian practitioners.
Between March and April 2009, 150 artists exhibited 300 pieces of graffiti at the Grand Palais in Paris.
Spray paint has many negative environmental effects. The paint contains toxic chemicals, and the can uses volatile hydrocarbon gases to spray the paint onto a surface.
Volatile organic compound (VOC) leads to ground level ozone formation and most of graffiti related emissions are VOCs. A 2010 paper estimates 4,862 tons of VOCs were released in the United States in activities related to graffiti.
In China, Mao Zedong in the 1920s used revolutionary slogans and paintings in public places to galvanize the country's communist movement.
Based on different national conditions, many people believe that China's attitude towards Graffiti is fierce, but in fact, according to Lance Crayon in his film Spray Paint Beijing: Graffiti in the Capital of China, Graffiti is generally accepted in Beijing, with artists not seeing much police interference. Political and religiously sensitive graffiti, however, is not allowed.
In Hong Kong, Tsang Tsou Choi was known as the King of Kowloon for his calligraphy graffiti over many years, in which he claimed ownership of the area. Now some of his work is preserved officially.
In Taiwan, the government has made some concessions to graffitists. Since 2005 they have been allowed to freely display their work along some sections of riverside retaining walls in designated "Graffiti Zones". From 2007, Taipei's department of cultural affairs also began permitting graffiti on fences around major public construction sites. Department head Yong-ping Lee (李永萍) stated, "We will promote graffiti starting with the public sector, and then later in the private sector too. It's our goal to beautify the city with graffiti". The government later helped organize a graffiti contest in Ximending, a popular shopping district. graffitists caught working outside of these designated areas still face fines up to NT$6,000 under a department of environmental protection regulation. However, Taiwanese authorities can be relatively lenient, one veteran police officer stating anonymously, "Unless someone complains about vandalism, we won't get involved. We don't go after it proactively."
In 1993, after several expensive cars in Singapore were spray-painted, the police arrested a student from the Singapore American School, Michael P. Fay, questioned him, and subsequently charged him with vandalism. Fay pleaded guilty to vandalizing a car in addition to stealing road signs. Under the 1966 Vandalism Act of Singapore, originally passed to curb the spread of communist graffiti in Singapore, the court sentenced him to four months in jail, a fine of S$3,500 (US$2,233), and a caning. The New York Times ran several editorials and op-eds that condemned the punishment and called on the American public to flood the Singaporean embassy with protests. Although the Singapore government received many calls for clemency, Fay's caning took place in Singapore on 5 May 1994. Fay had originally received a sentence of six strokes of the cane, but the presiding president of Singapore, Ong Teng Cheong, agreed to reduce his caning sentence to four lashes.
In South Korea, Park Jung-soo was fined two million South Korean won by the Seoul Central District Court for spray-painting a rat on posters of the G-20 Summit a few days before the event in November 2011. Park alleged that the initial in "G-20" sounds like the Korean word for "rat", but Korean government prosecutors alleged that Park was making a derogatory statement about the president of South Korea, Lee Myung-bak, the host of the summit. This case led to public outcry and debate on the lack of government tolerance and in support of freedom of expression. The court ruled that the painting, "an ominous creature like a rat" amounts to "an organized criminal activity" and upheld the fine while denying the prosecution's request for imprisonment for Park.
In Europe, community cleaning squads have responded to graffiti, in some cases with reckless abandon, as when in 1992 in France a local Scout group, attempting to remove modern graffiti, damaged two prehistoric paintings of bison in the Cave of Mayrière supérieure near the French village of Bruniquel in Tarn-et-Garonne, earning them the 1992 Ig Nobel Prize in archeology.
In September 2006, the European Parliament directed the European Commission to create urban environment policies to prevent and eliminate dirt, litter, graffiti, animal excrement, and excessive noise from domestic and vehicular music systems in European cities, along with other concerns over urban life.
In Budapest, Hungary, both a city-backed movement called I Love Budapest and a special police division tackle the problem, including the provision of approved areas.
The Anti-social Behaviour Act 2003 became Britain's latest anti-graffiti legislation. In August 2004, the Keep Britain Tidy campaign issued a press release calling for zero tolerance of graffiti and supporting proposals such as issuing "on the spot" fines to graffiti offenders and banning the sale of aerosol paint to anyone under the age of 16. The press release also condemned the use of graffiti images in advertising and in music videos, arguing that real-world experience of graffiti stood far removed from its often-portrayed "cool" or "edgy'" image.
To back the campaign, 123 Members of Parliament (MPs) (including then Prime Minister Tony Blair), signed a charter which stated: "Graffiti is not art, it's crime. On behalf of my constituents, I will do all I can to rid our community of this problem."
In the UK, city councils have the power to take action against the owner of any property that has been defaced under the Anti-social Behaviour Act 2003 (as amended by the Clean Neighbourhoods and Environment Act 2005) or, in certain cases, the Highways Act. This is often used against owners of property that are complacent in allowing protective boards to be defaced so long as the property is not damaged.
In July 2008, a conspiracy charge was used to convict graffitists for the first time. After a three-month police surveillance operation, nine members of the DPM crew were convicted of conspiracy to commit criminal damage costing at least £1 million. Five of them received prison sentences, ranging from eighteen months to two years. The unprecedented scale of the investigation and the severity of the sentences rekindled public debate over whether graffiti should be considered art or crime.
Some councils, like those of Stroud and Loerrach, provide approved areas in the town where graffitists can showcase their talents, including underpasses, car parks, and walls that might otherwise prove a target for the "spray and run".
Graffiti Tunnel, University of Sydney at Camperdown (2009)
In an effort to reduce vandalism, many cities in Australia have designated walls or areas exclusively for use by graffitists. One early example is the "Graffiti Tunnel" located at the Camperdown Campus of the University of Sydney, which is available for use by any student at the university to tag, advertise, poster, and paint. Advocates of this idea suggest that this discourages petty vandalism yet encourages artists to take their time and produce great art, without worry of being caught or arrested for vandalism or trespassing.[108][109] Others disagree with this approach, arguing that the presence of legal graffiti walls does not demonstrably reduce illegal graffiti elsewhere. Some local government areas throughout Australia have introduced "anti-graffiti squads", who clean graffiti in the area, and such crews as BCW (Buffers Can't Win) have taken steps to keep one step ahead of local graffiti cleaners.
Many state governments have banned the sale or possession of spray paint to those under the age of 18 (age of majority). However, a number of local governments in Victoria have taken steps to recognize the cultural heritage value of some examples of graffiti, such as prominent political graffiti. Tough new graffiti laws have been introduced in Australia with fines of up to A$26,000 and two years in prison.
Melbourne is a prominent graffiti city of Australia with many of its lanes being tourist attractions, such as Hosier Lane in particular, a popular destination for photographers, wedding photography, and backdrops for corporate print advertising. The Lonely Planet travel guide cites Melbourne's street as a major attraction. All forms of graffiti, including sticker art, poster, stencil art, and wheatpasting, can be found in many places throughout the city. Prominent street art precincts include; Fitzroy, Collingwood, Northcote, Brunswick, St. Kilda, and the CBD, where stencil and sticker art is prominent. As one moves farther away from the city, mostly along suburban train lines, graffiti tags become more prominent. Many international artists such as Banksy have left their work in Melbourne and in early 2008 a perspex screen was installed to prevent a Banksy stencil art piece from being destroyed, it has survived since 2003 through the respect of local street artists avoiding posting over it, although it has recently had paint tipped over it.
In February 2008 Helen Clark, the New Zealand prime minister at that time, announced a government crackdown on tagging and other forms of graffiti vandalism, describing it as a destructive crime representing an invasion of public and private property. New legislation subsequently adopted included a ban on the sale of paint spray cans to persons under 18 and increases in maximum fines for the offence from NZ$200 to NZ$2,000 or extended community service. The issue of tagging become a widely debated one following an incident in Auckland during January 2008 in which a middle-aged property owner stabbed one of two teenage taggers to death and was subsequently convicted of manslaughter.
Graffiti databases have increased in the past decade because they allow vandalism incidents to be fully documented against an offender and help the police and prosecution charge and prosecute offenders for multiple counts of vandalism. They also provide law enforcement the ability to rapidly search for an offender's moniker or tag in a simple, effective, and comprehensive way. These systems can also help track costs of damage to a city to help allocate an anti-graffiti budget. The theory is that when an offender is caught putting up graffiti, they are not just charged with one count of vandalism; they can be held accountable for all the other damage for which they are responsible. This has two main benefits for law enforcement. One, it sends a signal to the offenders that their vandalism is being tracked. Two, a city can seek restitution from offenders for all the damage that they have committed, not merely a single incident. These systems give law enforcement personnel real-time, street-level intelligence that allows them not only to focus on the worst graffiti offenders and their damage, but also to monitor potential gang violence that is associated with the graffiti.
Many restrictions of civil gang injunctions are designed to help address and protect the physical environment and limit graffiti. Provisions of gang injunctions include things such as restricting the possession of marker pens, spray paint cans, or other sharp objects capable of defacing private or public property; spray painting, or marking with marker pens, scratching, applying stickers, or otherwise applying graffiti on any public or private property, including, but not limited to the street, alley, residences, block walls, and fences, vehicles or any other real or personal property. Some injunctions contain wording that restricts damaging or vandalizing both public and private property, including but not limited to any vehicle, light fixture, door, fence, wall, gate, window, building, street sign, utility box, telephone box, tree, or power pole.
To help address many of these issues, many local jurisdictions have set up graffiti abatement hotlines, where citizens can call in and report vandalism and have it removed. San Diego's hotline receives more than 5,000 calls per year, in addition to reporting the graffiti, callers can learn more about prevention. One of the complaints about these hotlines is the response time; there is often a lag time between a property owner calling about the graffiti and its removal. The length of delay should be a consideration for any jurisdiction planning on operating a hotline. Local jurisdictions must convince the callers that their complaint of vandalism will be a priority and cleaned off right away. If the jurisdiction does not have the resources to respond to complaints in a timely manner, the value of the hotline diminishes. Crews must be able to respond to individual service calls made to the graffiti hotline as well as focus on cleanup near schools, parks, and major intersections and transit routes to have the biggest impact. Some cities offer a reward for information leading to the arrest and prosecution of suspects for tagging or graffiti related vandalism. The amount of the reward is based on the information provided, and the action taken.
When police obtain search warrants in connection with a vandalism investigation, they are often seeking judicial approval to look for items such as cans of spray paint and nozzles from other kinds of aerosol sprays; etching tools, or other sharp or pointed objects, which could be used to etch or scratch glass and other hard surfaces; permanent marking pens, markers, or paint sticks; evidence of membership or affiliation with any gang or tagging crew; paraphernalia including any reference to "(tagger's name)"; any drawings, writing, objects, or graffiti depicting taggers' names, initials, logos, monikers, slogans, or any mention of tagging crew membership; and any newspaper clippings relating to graffiti crime.
Comiccon Brussels 2022 - WCL - Day 1 - Sheikh Kamel & Michelangelo Vs Abel & Cain
Sheikh Kamel & Michelangelo (With Alex Kyrioglou (The Franchise)) Def. (Pin) Abel (The Twins) & Cain (The Twins)
Referee : Chris James Bizige
( Comic con brussels is your celebration of geek culture in the heart of europe!
You will find us at the beautiful Tour & Taxis site near the Brussels North train station. At Comic Con Brussels you will find Dealers, Artists, Actors, ... It's a Con that brings together all the things you love:
Comics, cosplay, gaming, films, manga, collectibles, anime, tv series, clothing, toys, gadgets and lots more!!!
There are still tickets at the register - Cosplay ticket 25 euro & standard ticket 30 euro )
════════♛Adris King®♛════════
Agora voce tambem pode ser um lojista.
Nossa franquia é a unica que oferece 70% para o franquiado.
Franquia limitada apenas 10 unidade.
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Now you too can be a shopkeeper.
Our franchise is the only one that offers 70% for the franchisee.
Limited franchise only 10 unit.
Location: New York City, NY
This G-Truck features the perfect palte on a NY Rangers base plate, one the two NHL franchises from New York City. Interestingly, this G 63 featured an Akrapovic exhaust.
Front and back of a mock record sleeve featuring myself as Darla Chandler, a 1960's British pop singer/secret agent from my "Absolutely Smashing" franchise.
DARLA '71
Side One: "(They Long to Be) Close to You"
"The Long and Winding Road"
"We've Only Just Begun"
"It's Too Late"
"Something"
"I'll Never Fall In Love Again"
Side Two: "I Don't Know How to Love Him"
"If You Could Read My Mind"
"Bridge Over Troubled Water"
"Odds and Ends"
"All Over the Shop"
Released: January 1971
Format: 12" 33 1/3 RPM Long Play
Genre: Pop, Vocal
Label: Vista LPS 907 (UK)
London Northwestern Railway Class 350/1 Desiro 350128 works 1F51 14:35 Birmingham New Street to Liverpool Lime Street through Acton Bridge in the fading light.
The Desiro had been shorn of its London Midland livery, but had yet to receive the vinyls of the new(ish) franchise operator.
Buy a gallery quality print of this image at Society6, starting at just $20 for unframed prints.
Taken with a Nikon 1 J2, edited with Snapseed. Part of my Street Blur photo series.
Visit my website and join the mailing list at obscuran.tk.
In a skoosh over 12 hours, we will know who has won the Wales and Borders franchise to commence in October.
Of the two companies in the race, MTR and Keolis, neither strikes me as a particularly good bet, MTR might be rather good at operating the Hong Kong Metro, that I don't doubt. But the Hong Kong Metro is a world away from the Conwy Valley or the Heart of Wales. Literally and metaphorically.
And Keolis (for Keolis, read SNCF in a arms length manner). Keolis might be particularly good at operating trams in Melbourne and Nottingham. But Melbourne and Nottingham... well, you get the picture.
I've said it a thousand times already, but I don't hold out much hope of anything exciting happening. Not at least if you should happen to be any more than 20 miles from Cardiff anyway. The rest of us are going to be riding round in unsuitable, hand me down crap DMU's from elsewhere for the next decade and a half I would think. As in Scotland and the West Country, HST GTi would be a great fit, as would an add-on order to the TPX mk5's, as would some re-purposed mk4's that might be going for a song in a year or two.
But I expect none of those options. Just somebody's cast off's, maybe 170's, possibly the most unsuitable long distance DMU created. Then again, the damned things probably don't have enough grunt to make it up Llanvihangel bank.
There's much talk of spare 185's as well. Yes, Llanvihangel wouldn't be an issue. But if anyone should try to tell you that a 185, with it's stupidly thirsty tendencies and it's icy blasts through the entire carriage every time a door is opened, is a better option than the present 175's and mk3's, then check their pulse. They are probably dead. And if they are actually alive, have them sectioned for the greater good.
Oh, and don't get too excited. We'll find out the name of the winner tomorrow. But we'll be told bugger all else for at least another 10 days.
That's to allow the losing bidder time to have a hissy fit and threaten to sue pretty much everyone in Wales.
Me personally, if I was the losing bidder? I think I'd be out on the piss, celebrating a very, very near miss...
Stay tuned.
67020, Rhyl, 18 April 2018.
Since today's Video Game Friday, here's a list of my ten favorite Nintendo Franchises!
1. Super Smash Bros.
2. Pikmin
3. Pokémon
4. Super Mario (Mariokart included)
5. Animal Crossing
6. Earthbound
7. Kirby
8. Donkey Kong
9. Splatoon
10. The Legend of Zelda
What are your ten favorite Nintendo franchises? Make sure to join in on the Top Ten Week festivities and make a list today!