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Well I never expected to see this 2015 Firestone recolour of the Matchbox 1966 Dodge A100 pick-up reappear on U.K. shelves again, especially as I don't ever remember them appearing in Poundland. The vast majority of mine were bought from Morrisons when they were new but now Home Bargains have managed to secure themselves vast quantities of this batch which they are now selling at just 99p! Its very hard to chose my favourite recolour of this favourite casting but if I really had to make a decision I would say it was this, a bright and vivid colour scheme mated to a licensed Firestone livery which to me is sheer perfection! I've no idea if its graphics are era appropriate but it really suits this model and I certainly had no hesitation in picking up a few more! ;-)
Mint and boxed.
A shot taken for the announcement of Tom (my son) and Beth's expected new arrival this October. Many congratulations - can't wait to be a grandad!
The evening before the expected release of new methane regulations by the European Commission, the Gastivists Collective and local ally Tegengas organized a “guerrilla projection” action at the Vilvoorde gas plant on the outskirts of Brussels. The action highlighted new infrared videos of methane leakage taken by Clean Air Task Force from fossil fuel infrastructure sites across Europe.
“Just weeks ago, at the COP26 conference, the EU signed the ‘Methane Pledge’ to reduce methane emissions. Despite this, there are still billions of euros of public money that is slated to go to new fossil gas projects. If we are committed to reducing methane emissions, we need to stop importing methane and start leaving it in the ground,” said Kevin Buckland of the Gastivists Collective.
Methane, sold conventionally as fossil gas (“natural gas’), is quickly being recognized as a false solution to the global climate crisis, and incompatible with the Paris Agreement. Furthermore, the continued expansion of fossil gas infrastructure is only possible through massive investments of public money that is obtained through relentless industry greenwashing and lobbying that tries to pass off methane as a climate solution. Fossil gas is blocking real climate action, and the reliable, decentralized, and renewable energy systems the people most vulnerable to global price shocks and fossil fuel extraction so desperately need.
Europe is the world's largest importer of fossil gas (much of which comes from fracking). New EU legislation, however, only calculates methane emissions of this dirty energy source from inside Europe, while ignoring the massive leaks from extraction and transport outside of EU borders. Europe needs to own up to its responsibility to the full lifecycle emissions of the energy it consumes, and move away from false solutions such as nuclear, hydrogen, and fossil gas.
Groups across Europe are demanding legislation that listens to climate science, and not the fossil fuel industry, and thus a full fossil gas phase-out by 2035. Any new fossil gas infrastructure that is approved today will either become a climate menace or a stranded asset. Our public money should be going to pay for a just climate transition, not to maintain industry share prices.
The current energy situation across Europe, from the conflict between Morocco and Algeria to Russia’s leverage of gas as a geopolitical tool, proves to us that energy is too important to be left in the hands of for-profit industry and rogue politicians and kings. The EU needs to have transparent and reliable methane emissions reporting, and make policy based on science - not by industry lobby groups such as ENTSOG. It is time for Europe to lead the world in developing locally-owned, reliable, and resilient energy systems, instead of continuing to burn public money through the relentless combustion of fossil fuels.
Photo by Jonas Van Gauberger
Arriving at Coventry Station, slightly later than expected, due to a signal fault near Berkswell, but it was well worth getting here!
The station is owned and managed by Virgin Trains, hence all the red!
Surprisingly Coventry Station is a Grade II listed building!
Coventry Station, Including Attached Platform Structures, Coventry
SP 37 NW COVENTRY STATION SQUARE
17/10018 Coventry Station, including
attached platform structures
II
Main line station 1962. Architect W R Headley, Regional Architect LMR; Project Architect Derrick Shorten. Booking hall has reinforced concrete frame; station platforms are steel framed. Anodised aluminium windows and doors with blue engineering brick panels at low level. The station comprises a two storey height booking hall linked across an adjoining platform by an overbridge to island platform and a single sided platform. All platforms have long steel framed canopies with deep fascias protecting single storey platform buildings. The wide overbridge houses staircases and lifts which serve the platform. The booking office is glazed on three sides. The roof of the hall cantilevers out from the building and links to the overbridge roof with a continuous fascia. Station signs are integrated into panels at door head height. The concrete columns of the booking hall and overbridge are finished with vertical glazed tiling in white, as is the wall above the enclosed ticket office. The ceiling to the booking hall and the undersides of all platform canopies are finished in varnished hardwood strip boarding. A small courtyard adjoins the catering facilities and the principal waiting room. A single storey high canopy around the booking hall provides protection to set down and pick up points for buses, cars and taxis. Outstanding architecturally, particularly for its spatial qualities and detailing.
Listing NGR: SP3318078192
This text is a legacy record and has not been updated since the building was originally listed. Details of the building may have changed in the intervening time. You should not rely on this listing as an accurate description of the building.
Source: English Heritage
Entrance / exit to the station, and concourse/
Roosevelt's Bridges 2 Harmony gospel choir performed their winter show 'Expect Your Miracle' on Thursday night, January 27th.
The things which are NOT expected at a Photographica Fair but still somehow manage to reach my attic.
Photographica Fair, Nieuwegein (NL), 8 March 2015
Well, i admit that i did not take sufficient time to check. I saw a long vintage looking cardboard tube with a small piece of glass sticking out. Well, i thought, probably an ancient dark room thermometer, always nice to have.
Not so, when uncovering this piece of beauty at home it turned out to be an Alcohol Meter !!
A close-up photo of one of the Scales. There are 2 scales, one according to Cartier and another according to Guy Lussac.
I first thought that Guy Lussac & Cartier were the producers but a little internet search learned that they were in fact the inventers of this measurement method.
Wasn't expecting to see this vehicle Today!, and this vehicle appears to be Brand New at L&I Coaches, and maybe the first New Vehicle that L&I Coaches of Westgate and Westwood in Thanet have ever bought, and I also first saw this vehicle at Dover Castle last week but couldn't get a shot.
And be sure to check by my other acount: www.flickr.com/photos_user.gne?path=&nsid=77145939%40..., to see what else I saw Very Recently!!
Yes I'm back again.
However due to my main computer on which I edit my work being struck down with a big bad virus, this picture and all the others I am uploading, were Unedited but have now been replaced with Edited versions. So enjoy and Thanks for your patience and understanding.
I do still hate everything about this shit that is new Flickr and always will, but an inability to find another outlet for my work that is as easy for me to use as the Old BETTER Flickr was, has forced me back to Flickr, even though it goes against everything I believe in.
I don't generally have an opinion on my own work, I prefer to leave that to other people and so based on the positive responses to my work from the various friends I had made on Flickr prior to the changes I have decided to upload some more of my work as an experiment and to see what happens.
So make the most of me before they delete my acount: www.flickr.com/photos/69558134@N05/?details=1, to stop me complaining!!
Wasn't expecting to see this in Dover today!, and the ex ASD Coaches of Medway vehicle is new at YMS Travel of Aylesham, and was seen on its first day in service on the Dover Cruise Shuttle.
This year I am making Photography Calendars, and so if you still like my work as much as all your favourites and comments say you do, here is the EBAY link: www.ebay.co.uk/itm/375115679073?hash=item5756a30561:g:Xrc..., and you do not need an EBAY Account to buy one, as you can "Check Out as Guest".
All Feedback is Welcome, and I look forward to doing business with you!
Expecting and nursing mothers require social protection but workers in the informal economy are often not covered. Maternity protection has been a primary concern of the ILO since its creation in 1919. Workplace support for mothers who are breastfeeding has been a basic provision of maternity protection. The Philippines expanded maternity leave benefits in 2019 to align with international labour standards. The ILO also promoted exclusive breastfeeding in the workplace to advance women’s rights to maternity protection and to improve nutrition security for Filipino children.
Photo : E. Tuyay / ILO
Date : 2011/11
Country : Philippines
Well, did you expect them to be sold in the Canary Islands? These are, of course, the domestic canary bred for keeping in cages, but they are so popular here on the islands that there is hardly a flat or balcony without one. My bank has one inside the branch even. These were being sold, as well as cages and accessories, at a small side street florist - which is often the case, not just in pet shops - in Icod de los Viños. Selective breeding has arrived at these yellow fellas that hardly resemble the wild birds on the island, but I will just underline that, contrary to several misinformed reports I have read on the internet (don't believe everything you read online), there are still wild canaries (Serinus canaria) on these islands. Lots, in fact. Hundreds of them hang about on wires and in the trees and bushes around my house and sing all day, every day. It's a wonder they don't get laryngitis! :)
The most detailed English language website on the island
Back across to the other side of Faversham, past a fellow orchid fanatic friend's house and out onto the marshes once again. And just when you think you have taken the wrong turn and run out of road, to the left you see the simple bellcote.
The approach to St Bartholomew's is down a long track, and the church is hudden behind a line of trees, so you really don't know what to expect.
The church seems surrounded by it's neighbouring farm, and the simple bellcote is currently supported by scaffolding. A simple two cell church with a large porch added at some point, and as expected from its rural location, a rustic church.
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Goodnestone was never the centre of a large population. Court and Church stood on slightly rising ground above the marshes of the River Swale, adjacent to the wealthier parish of Graveney whose church grew to outshine this `poor relation`. Today Goodnestone`s lack of prestige in the medieval period is cause for celebration as its simple two cell Norman construction is largely unaltered, other than for some enlarged windows and rebuilt chancel arch. The staircase that formerly lead to the Rood Loft remains in the north wall although this goes almost unnoticed as the visitor's eye is drawn to the simple Decorated window in the east wall. This is filled with stained glass produced by one of the most famous early nineteenth century practitioners in the newly rediscovered art, Thomas Willement. He lived just outside Faversham and many local churches have examples of his work. This is one of his better designs where scale, colour and technique combine to make something that is eminently suitable for its location. Nave, chancel, north porch, west belfry.
www.kentchurches.info/church.asp?p=Goodnestone+1
IES the next parish eastward from Preston, and is the last to be described in this hundred. It should seem by its name once to have belonged to Godwin, earl of Kent, being termed in antient writings Goodwinstune, i. e. Godwin's town, or village.
It is a very small parish, lying on the north side of the high London road, at the 48th mile-stone, about half a mile's distance from it. The village and church are situated in the middle of the parish, which does not extend more than half a mile from them each way. It lies low in a flat and open country, and from its nearness and exposure to the marshes, very unhealthy, the lands in it are exceeding rich and fertile, like those in the same tract in Faversham and Preston described before, the fields are very level, large, and but little encumbered with trees or hedge-rows, what trees there are are elm, and there is no woodland.
A fair is held yearly on Sept. 26, for toys, pedlary, &c.
THIS PLACE was held in the reign of Henry III. by Simon de Turville, of the earl of Leicester, as lord paramount, who held it again of the king in capite by knight's service. (fn. 1) Of his successor Nicholas de Turville this estate was again held in the reign of king Edward II. by one of the family of Chiche, which had been seated at the Dungeon in Canterbury for some generations, in which city they were of eminent account, being possessed of the fee of the aldermanry of Burgate there.
In the 20th year of king Edward III. Thomas Chiche, of the Dungeon, paid respective aid for the manor of Goodneston, then held by knight's service. Thomas Chiche, his son, was sheriff of Kent in the 15th year of Richard II. and was grandfather of Valentine Chiche, esq. of the Dungeon, who left three daughters his coheirs; Margaret, first married to Clovill, of Essex, and secondly to John Judde, of Tunbridge; Emelyn, to Sir Thomas Kempe; and another married to Martyn, who on their father's death became jointly entitled to this manor. The two former of them alienated their interest in it, about the beginning of king Henry VIII.'s reign, to Oxenbridge, as the latter did to Pordage, of Rodmersham. Soon after which, the whole property of it, excepting the third part of the advowson of the church of Goodneston, seems to have become vested in the name of Finch, and John Finch having, anno 17 Elizabeth, levied a fine of it, passed it away to Mr. Robert Fagge, descended from the Fagges, of Willesborough. in which parish they held lands so early as the reign of king Edward III. He died possessed of this manor, and was succeeded in it by his son Mr. Edward Fagge, gent of Faversham, who died in 1618, and lies buried in Faversham church, having married Anne, daughter of Richard Theobald, esq. of Seal, widow of Thomas Nevison, esq. of Eastry, by whom he had one son Michael, killed abroad in the Dutch wars, and buried at Utrecht, and two daughters, who became his coheirs, Mary, married to Sir Edward Partrich, of Bridge, whose first wife she was, and Anne, to Sir John Proude, being his second wife. The former died without issue, and the latter left by Sir John Proude, who was killed in 1628, at the siege of Groll, in Guelderland, being in the service of the states of Holland against the Spaniards, one son Edward, and a daughter Anne, who on the death of her brother without issue became entitled to this manor. The Proudes bore for their arms, Azure, three otters in pale, or, each holding in its mouth a fish, argent. (fn. 2) Many of of this family lie buried in St. Alphage's church, in Canterbury, where they resided for several generations. Anne Proude above-mentioned first married Sir William Springate, and afterwards Mr. Isaac Pennington, eldest son of Sir Isaac Pennington, lord-mayor in 1643, a most atrocious republican, who bore for his arms, Argent, five fusils in fess, azure, (fn. 3) who in her right became possessed of this manor, which continued in his descendants till at length Mr. Pennington, of Philadelphia, becoming entitled to it, conveyed it by sale, about the year 1748, to Michael Lade, gent: of Canterbury, who was descended of a family originally spelt both Lad and Ladd, who were of good antiquity in this county, in several parts of which they were possessed of lands as early as Edward the 1st.'s reign, which still bear their name. In king Edward the IVth.'s reign a branch of them was settled at Elham, one of them, John Ladd, of that place, died in 1527, whose youngest son Thomas settled at Barham, where many of his descendants lie buried. His grandson Vincent Lad, for so he spelt his name, died in 1625, leaving several sons, of whom Robert the eldest, who first spelt his name Lade, was of Gray's-inn a barrister-at-law, and recorder of Canterbury, to whom Segar, garter, granted the arms of Argent, a fess, wavy, between three escallops, sable. He was ancestor of the Lades, of Boughton, as Thomas, a younger son, was of the Lades, of Warbleton, in Sussex, from whom Sir John Lade, who was created a baronet in 1730, and the present Sir John Lade, bart. are descended. The former of whom still bear the above coat of arms, but the latter have changed the field for distinction, to or.
Michael Lade, the purchaser of this estate as before-mentioned, afterwards retired to Faversham, where he died in 1778, and was buried in BoughtonBlean church. He left two sons, John, of whom hereafter; and Michael, barrister-at-law, who married Sophia, lady dowager Cranston; and one daughter Elizabeth, married to Mr. Benjamin Browne. John Lade, esq. of Boughton-Blean and Canterbury, the eldest son, is the present possessor of the manor of Goodneston, and married Hester, sole daughter and heir of Mr. Hills Hobday, gent. of Faversham. She died in 1778, by whom he has three sons, John Hobday, now an officer in the militia; William, A. M. and rector of Knolton; and Charles, late an officer in the army; and one daughter Hester, married to William Stacey Coast, esq. now of Sevenoke.
A court baron is held for this manor.
There are no parochial charities. The poor constantly relieved are four, casually not more than one or two at most.
GOODNESTON is within the ECCLESIASTICAL JURISDICTION of the diocese of Canterbury, and deanry of Ospringe.
The church, which is dedicated to St. Bartholomew, consists of one isle and a chancel, with a small wooden spire at the west end, in which there is one bell. In the porch lies buried William Benet, rector of this church, 1490.
It appears by the Tower records of 1279, anno 8 Edward I. that Richard le Dagh, and Eleanor his wife, sold their lands here, and the advowson of the church, to Stephen Chiche, citizen of Canterbury, with a part of Blean wood, and some land lying below it. (fn. 4)
¶After which the patronage of it seems to have sollowed the like succession of owners that the manor did, till the reign of queen Elizabeth, when it became vested with it in Judde, Kempe, and Martyn; at the latter end of which, the two turns of presentation to it, which had belonged to the two former, became vested in Fagg, and the third turn in the Pordages, of Rodmersham, successors to the Martyns at Graveney-court; in which state they continued in 1640. In 1678 the Penningtons, owners of the manor, possessed two turns, and the Whites, of Vintners, in Box ley, who had become possessors of Graveney court, the other turn, from which name it passed to that of Blaxland, of Graveney-court, where it still continues. But the two turns belonging to Pennington were sold with the manor, about the year 1748, to Michael Lade, gent. of Faversham, whose son John Lade, esq. of Boughton, owner of Goodneston manor, is at this time entitled to them.
This church is a rectory, and a discharged living in the king's books, of the clear yearly certified value of thirty pounds, the yearly tenths of which are 10s. 3d.
In 1578 there were communicants here thirty-three; in 1640 twenty-four only, the value of it being then forty pounds per annum.
This rectory is endowed with all tithes whatsoever. There is a house and three acres of glebe land belonging to it.
An acre of land, called the Church Acre, belongs to the church, but it is not known who gave it.
I never expected to see a butterfly when we went for a walk in the woods today, but if there was going to be one - it would be a Mourning Cloak! They over-winter and come out on warm days to sun. This is a large butterfly with pale yellow trim in warmer weather, looking gilded now as it basked on a log after gliding thru the woods like a large, brown and gold leaf! What a treat. (It was 60oF today)
Explore, Dec. 29, 2008 @ 403, 105, seen @ 71
Winner, Nature's Pot-of-Gold challenge, nature shot in last 48 hrs. 12-08
Winner, Beautiful Challenge Group 10, shades of brown 12-08
At the end of what had been a fine winter's day, the clouds rolled in from the west and the light faded to flat.
At the end of another long dead end lane, St Nicholas sits overlooking the valley below, looking squat and unhappy under a leaden sky.
We parked some distance from the church and walked up, I expected it to be locked, it looked so unfriendly, but the door opened easily and we went inside.
It was pleasant enough inside, even if I could not find the lights to illuminate the gloom. It features the largest aumbry I have seen, as well as a nice war memorial in a blocked up north doorway. But best of all is some ancient glass on the south side, showing images of two saints.
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A large sturdy tower overlooks the valley dividing Kent and Sussex some distance from its village. It dates, as does much of the church, from the fourteenth century. The arcades are of dumpy octagonal pillars which have lancet clerestory windows set into the walls above. There are some notable fragments of medieval glass in the south aisle, together with an excellent twentieth century etched glass window. The tower is flanked by the aisles (see also Wickhambreux). The north aisle displays the original entrance to the rood loft staircase. At the west end is a nice octagonal sandstone font with a series of decorated window designs enlivening its panelled sides.
www.kentchurches.info/church.asp?p=Sandhurst
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IS the next parish eastward from Hawkhurst. The manor of Aldington claims over some part of this parish, as does the manor of Acrise over another part of it.
THIS PARISH lies on the southern edge of this county, adjoining to Suffex, from which it is separated by the stream called the Kennet, or more usually Kent Dyke, which rises near Tysehurst, in that county, and just below that place falls into the river Rother. It is near four miles from east to west, and near three from north to south. The soil of it in the north-east and southern parts of this parish is a stiff and heavy tillage land, which has underneath plenty of marle, in which parts there is much iron ore; the western part being more hilly, is a light and gravelly soil. The church stands nearly in the centre of the parish, on the knoll of a hill, and the parsonage-house at no great distance northward from it. Between the parsonage and the church is a large forstal, containing the principal part of the estate mentioned below, called Twisden borough. It was formerly a playstool, or common play-ground for the parishioners, and a fair was kept on it; but the Turners, lords of the manor, laid claim to it, and it has been for some time accounted their property, and now accordingly belongs to Mr. Blackburn. The great high road from the western parts of this county, through Newenden, to Hastings and the county of Suffex, leads through this parish south-eastward, on it are situated three greens, Field green, Cowbeach-green, and Ringlecrouch-green; on the former is a house and estate, which has been for many years the residence of the Wardes, who bore for their arms, In chief, a lion, rampant; in base, a cross story, a crescent for difference; the last of them, Mr. John Warde, died in 1778, leaving three sons and a daughter Elizabeth, married to Mr. John Collins, by whom she had a son Mr. Edward Collins, who has since taken the name of Warde, to whom his grandfather by will, disinheriting his three sons, gave the whole of his estates, among which were this at Field-green, and the manor of Riseden, in this parish, which formerly belonged to John, earl of Ewe, (who died in 1171); for it appears by the register of Horton priory, that he by his charter, without date, gave all his land of Rysdenne, in Sandhurst, which Goldwin held of him, to that priory; and by another charter, Adelize his wife confirmed the same; and by another, Canon, then prior of that house, and the convent of it, quit-claimed to Alexander de Spondenne, the property of a certain drosdenne, in the denne of Risedene, in this parish; Mr. Edward Collins Warde is the present owner of them. The farm of Ringlecrouch, near the green of that name, was the property of Thomas Blackmore, esq. of Hertfordshire, who died in 1789, and his heirs now possess it. On this green there is a meeting-house for baptists, the congregation of which is very large; and a little further eastward is a capital messuage called Frenchurst, and formerly Frinchinburst, to which formerly belonged the mill called Hope mill here, and it appears by the escheatroll anno 4 Henry VII. that Thomas Pulter then died possessed of a capital messuage, called Frechinghurst, and one water-mill, called Hope-mill, in Sandhurst, held of the prior of Christ-church, in Canterbury; the former of them belongs now to Mr. John Collins, and the latter to the earl of Thanet. And farther on the same road is Hernden manor, belonging to John Peckham, esq. of Salehurst.
In this parish is an estate, called Silverden, belongin to the Rev. Mr. Hudson; and in the south-east part of it two farms, called Upper and Lower Boxhurst, the former belonging to Mr. Joseph Fowle, the latter to Mr. Thomas Burt, both of Sandhurst; and in the western part of it next to Hawkhurst, is a seat, called Downgate, which belonged to the Turner estate, and afterwards to Mr. Blackburn.
A fair is annually held here on May 25, for cattle and pedlary wares. It was till within these few years held on Dec. 6, St. Nicholas's day, the patron saint of the church.
THE MANOR OF SANDHURST was given by Offaking of Mercia, in the year 791, to Christ Church in Canterbury, and was, soon after the time of the conqueror, held of the archbishop by knight's service, by the family of Criol; of them it was, in the reign of king Edward II. held again by Hugo de Combe, whose successor in it was John de Betherinden, whence it came to be called the manor of Sandhurst, alias Betherinden, and in the east window of the north chancel here were formerly the essigies and arms of one of this family, and in Downe church, was once a memorial for John Bederenden, once citizen, woollen-draper, and chamberlain of London, who died in 1445. By a female heir of this name it came into the family of Fitzherbert, alias Finch, in which it continued till the beginning of the reign of queen Elizabeth, when Herbert, son of Vincent Finch, who lies buried in this church, (fn. 1) sold it, with the antient mansion of Sandhurst-place, now usually called OLDPLACE, (at present only a farm-house) to Pelham, from which name it was alienated to Fowle, who bore for his arms, Argent, a chevron gules, on a chief of the second, three mullets pierced of the first. In which one of them, Sir John Fowle, of Sandhurst, in his will, proved 1637, mentions certain lands which he had here, called the Coomes, which were his grandfather's, whereon was a house, since his death built, which were held of the king by knight's service, (fn. 2) and in his family it remained till it was passed away to Turner, whose descendant Robert Turner, esq. in 1784, passed it away by sale to John Blackburn, of London, esq. the present owner, of it. A court baron is held for this manor.
ALDRINDEN. which lies at the north west part of this parish was once accounted a manor of some note here, being held of the manor of Acrise, and had owners of the same firname, in which it continued till Roger de Aldrinden, as appears by the private deeds of it, leaving and only daughter and heir Christian Aldrinden, she passed it away by sale, in the 22d year of king Edward III. to John Selbrittenden, who not long after alienated it to Thomas atte Bourne, and he held it, as appeared by an old court-roll in the 1st year of Richard II. and from him it descended down to John Bourne, who dying in the 4th year of king Edward IV. settled it by will on Joane his female heir, married to Thomas Allard. They had one son, Henry, whose son John Allard, alienated his right in it by sale, in the 30th year of Henry VIII. to John Twysenden, or Twisden, gent. as the name soon afterwards was spelt, whose ancestors resided at TWISDEN BOROUGH, upon the denne of Twisden, in this parish, a place noted for having been, in very early times, the inheritance of this family, who resided here at the time they were stiled in Latin deeds, according to the quaint language of those times, de Denna Fracta, and from them this place obtained their name, by which it is called to this day.
His descendant Mr. William Twisden, about the beginning of king James I.'s reign, sold it to Thomas Downton, esq. who died possessed of it in 1623, and was buried in this church, and his descendant Richard Downton, esq. owned it at the restoration of king Charles II. and bore for his arms, Argent, on a chief indented, sable, three goats heads, erased. After which it passed into the family of Dunk, and from thence to Richards, whence by Anne, only daughter of William Richards, esq. it went in marriage to George Dunk, earl of Halifax, who soon afterwards sold it to Collier, and his daughter marrying Mr. Henry Jackson, of Hastings, in Sussex, he is, in her right, the present possessor of it.
Charities.
SIR JOHN FOWLE, of this parish, in 1632, gave by deed to the poor of it a piece of ground, with a malt-house on it, since burnt down, and now called the Malt-house Platt, containing three quarters of an acre upon Ringlecrouch-green, on which it has a right of common. It is now let at 34s. per annum, and is vested in trustees, the produce of which is distributed by the directions of the donor, once in two or three years in cloaths, chiefly in gowns, to poor widows of this parish.
Thomas Downton, Esq. of Sandhurst, devised by will to the poor of this parish 10l. to be lent to them by the direction of four of the sufficientest men of it, giving security for the paying of it again, at such time as they should appoint, so to continue to the parish for ever.
THERE IS AN ALMS-HOUSE, consisting of three or four dwellings, by whom given is not known, but supposed by one of the family of Fowle.
The poor constantly relieved are about one hundred and sixty, casually fifty.
SANDHURST is within the ECCLESIASTICAL JURISDICTION of the diocese of Canterbury, and deanry of Charing.
The church, which is dedicated to St. Nicholas, is built of sand stone. It consists of two isles and two chancels, with a square tower, in which are five bells. It was part of the antient possessions of the see of Canterbury, and continues so at this time, his grace the archbishop being the present patron of it.
It is a rectory, and valued in the king's books at twenty pounds, and the yearly tenths at two pounds.
In 1578 here were communicants two hundred and eighteen, in 1640, two hundred and eighty. When it was valued at 110l.
¶There are about ten acres of glebe land. The parsonage-house has lately been handsomely repaired, and sitted up by the present rector Mr. Hussey.
Expecting mist, I leapt out of bed at the alarm this morning to check out the window - not enough time to go to the usual suspect locations around the levels so went to the old favourite spot up near Walfords Gibbet.
Sadly the mist/fog was too deep to get above and catch hills and buildings poking out, so I chose a tree at the edge of the field as the sun rose and the mist lifted.
Standing alone on the hedge, this tree made a nice 'cut off' between foreground and misty background.
I was last here on a cold and grey day at the beginning or March.
Graveney stretches along the road, but All Saints sits on a quiet bend, and felt wonderfully isolated.
And not at all friendly, I have to say. It was locked, as expected, so I took aome outside shots and we moved on eatwards, but somehow I really wanted to see inside here, just to see if it could be warmer than it felt on that March morning.
I parked beside the road, I saw the door of the porch open, and a light filled space beyond.
Looked good....
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The Victorians did not leave too much of a mark here, for the mellow red tiles, box pews and ledger slabs remain. There is a heavy medieval rood screen and the empty north and south aisles allow us to appreciate the building as it might originally have appeared. In the north aisle is a memorial brass to John Martyn (d. 1436) with cathedral-like proportions, being over 56 in long.
www.kentchurches.info/church.asp?p=Graveney
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GRAVENEY
LIES the next parish north-westward from Hernehill. It was called in the time of the Saxons, Graven-ea, and afterwards, by corruption of language, Gravenel, in like manner as Oxney, Pevensey, and Rumency, were corruptly called Oxenel, Pevensel, and Rumenel; (fn. 1) the name of it denoting its low and watery situation, and it is now, by contraction, usually called Grainey.
IT LIES about two miles from the high London road, on the north side of it, at the 48th mile-stone, the parish of Goodnestone intervening, in a low country adjoining the marshes, of which there is a large quantity, both fresh and salt within it, Faversham creek and the Swale being the western and northern boundaries of it. The soil of it various, there being in the level part some rich tillage land, and on the rises or small hills in it, a light soil of both sand and gravel. The church stands in the eastern part of the parish, having Graveneycourt, with an antient gateway, and numerous offices, singularly built round it, well worth observation, as denoting its former respectable state. In the western part is Nagdon, adjoining to Faversham creck, having a decoy for wild fowl, and a large quantity of marsh land belonging to it. There is but little thoroughfare here, and no village, the houses being interspersed straggling throughout it. Upon the whole though unhealthy, it has not an unpleasant aspect, being well cloathed with trees, especially elm, which are very thriving here, and in great plenty; the roads are remarkably well taken care of, as are the poor, and the whole parish seems to thrive well under the care of the inhabitants of Graveney-court. There are some parts of this parish separated from the rest by those of Faversham and Goodneston intervening.
There are several scarce plants observed by Mr. Jacob in this parish, and enumerated in this Plantæ Favershamienses.
THE ARCHBISHOP'S paramount manor of Boughton claims over the whole of this parish, as being within that hundred, subordinate to which is the manor of Graveney.
In the year 811, Wlfred, archbishop of Canterbury, purchased this place of Cenulph, king of Mercia, who had made the kingdom of Kent tributary to him, for the use of Christ-church, Canterbury, as appears by the leiger book of that priory, and that it was given L. S. A. that is, Libere Sicut Adisham, with the same liberties, immunities, and privileges that Adisham was. Soon after which, one Werhard, a powerful priest, and kinsman to the archbishop, found means to gain possession of it, and kept it till that prelate's death in 830, when Feogild succeeding to the see of Canterbury, though he sat in it but three months, yet in that time he compelled Werhard to restore Gravene then computed at thirty-two hides of land, to the church; and it was afterwards confirmed to it in anno 941, by king Edmund, Eadred his brother, and Edwyn son of the latter; (fn. 2) and it remained part of the revenues of Christchurch at the coming of archbishop Lanfranc to that see in 1070, when on his division of them, between himself and the monks of his church, this manor fell to his share, of whom it was afterwards held by knight's service. In which state it continued at the time of taking the survey of Domesday, anno 1080, in which it is thus entered, under the general title of Terra Militum Archiepi, that is, land held of the archbishop by knight's service.
In Boltune hundred the same Richard (who owed fealty to the archbishop) held of the archbishop Gravenel. It was taxed for one suling. The arable land is. In demesne there is one carucate, and eight villeins, with ten borderers having two carucates. There are five servants, and ten acres of meadow, and four saltpits of four shillings. In the time of king Edward the Confessor, and afterwards, it was worth one hundred shillings, now six pounds, of these the monks of Canterbury have twenty shillings.
Who this Richard was I do not find, though Somner calls him Ricardus Constabularius; however, it is not improbable, but he might afterwards adopt the surname of Gravene, from his having the possession of this place; certain it is, that it was afterwards held by a family who took their name from it. William de Gravene held it in the reign of king Henry III. of the archbishop, as one knight's fee. John de Gravene died possessed of it in the 56th year of the same reign, after which it became the property of the family of Feversham.
Thomas de Feversham died possessed of it in the beginning of the reign of king Edward III. leaving Joane his wife surviving, and in the window of the north chancel were formerly the arms of Feversham, A fess chequy, or, and gules, between six crosses, bottony, or; and underneath, Thomas Feversham, susticiar, & Johanna Uxor. ejus; on the pavement is a stone with two half-figures in brass for them, with an inscription round it in old French, part of which is gone; probably that which Weever mentions. (fn. 3) She afterwards entitled her second husband Sir Roger de Northwood to this manor, during her life; accordingly he paid aid for it in the 20th year of that reign, as one knight's see, which he held in right of his wife, of the archbishop, which was formerly held by Richard de Gravene. After her death her son Richard de Feversham succeeded to this manor, of which he died possessed in 1381, and was buried in this church, having married the daughter of Robert Dodde. His tomb, of Bethersden marble, remains against the south wall. In the south chancel, on the top, were two figures, and four coats of arms, the brasses gone; round the edge is this inscription, in brass, Ora pro aibs Roberti Dodde & Rici de Feuersham filii sui quonda dni de Gravene obiit, &c. Above the tomb, is a recess in the wall, with an antient carved arch above it. He had a daughter Joane, who became his heir, and married John Botiller, esq. and in her right became entitled to this manor, she died in 1408, and was buried in the south chancel here, her figure in brass on her gravestone is gone, but the inscription still remains. By her he had a son of his own name. Either he or his father was sheriff anno 22 king Richard II. John Botiller, esq the son, was knight of the shire in the 1st year of king Henry V.'s reign. They bore for their arms, Sable, three covered cups, or, within a bordure, argent; and John Botiller, probably the father, was esquire to archbishop Courtney, and mentioned in his will, proved anno 1396, being the 20th of Richard II.
There is a gravestone in the south chancel here, which most probably was for John Botiller the son; on it was his figure in brass, now gone, and four coats of arms; the two first are gone, the third Botiller, the fourth Feversham, a fess chequy, between six crosses, bottony, or. The inscription was remaining in Weever's time. This stone, I am informed, was some years ago removed out of the north chancel hither, and in the window of this chancel is this coat of arms, quarterly, first, Botiller, as above; second and third, a fess chequy, or, and gules, in chief three crosses, bottony, or; the bottom part being broken, the fourth is likewise broken. Underneath are these words remaining, Johes er, & Jonna ux ejs. Joane his wife was daughter and heir of William de Frogenhall, by whom he had a daughter and sole heir Anne, who carried it in marriage to John Martyn, judge of the common pleas, the son of Richard Martyn, of Stonebridge, who built much at his seat of Graveney court, where he partly resided. (fn. 4) He died in 1436, leaving his widow surviving, who then became again possessed of this manor in her own right. She afterwards married Thomas Burgeys, esq. whom she likewise survived, and dying in 1458 was buried beside her first husband in the north chancel of this church. His gravestone is of a very large size, and is most richly inlaid with brass, which is well preserved, having the figures of him and his wife, and other ornaments over the whole of it. There were four coats of arms, only the second of which, that of Boteler, is remaining. He bore for his arms, Argent, on a chevron, gules, three talbot bounds, passant, or. Her second husband Thomas Burgeys died in 1452, and was buried in the same chancel, where his gravestone remained till within these few years. At the upper end of the stone are two coats in brass, first Boteler impaling Frogenhall; second, a fess chequy impaling the like. Another coat, at the bottom, is gone, as is his figure.
In the descendants of Judge Martyn, residents at Graveney-court, this manor continued down to Robert Martyn, who likewise resided here, and died in the first year of Edward VI. (fn. 5) leaving his two daughters, Joane, married to Richard Argall, and Elizabeth to Stephen Reames, of Faversham, his coheirs. From them this manor was passed away by sale to John Pordage, of Rodmersham, in whose name it continued till it was at length sold to Daniel Whyte, esq. of Vinters, in Boxley, whose descendant of the same name, about the beginning of king George II.'s reign, alienated it to Mr. Edward Blaxland, who afterwards resided here, and bore for his arms, on a fess, three falcous volant, jessed and belled. He died in 1739. This occasioned this manor to be separated in several divisions and again afterwards in further subdivisions, among his descendants, in which state it now remains; but those of the male line of the name of Blaxland, still continue to reside at it. From the beginning of the last century to the middle of it, the Napletons, a family of good account in these parts of the county, were lessees of Graveney-court, and resided at it; and from that time to the latter end of it, the Houghhams were occupiers of it, and resided here. Many of both families lie buried in this church, as do all the Blaxlands, since their coming to the possession of this estate.
NAGDEN, formerly spelt Negdon, is a noted estate in the north-west part of this parish, consisting mostly of marsh land, which was once part of the endowment of the abbey of Faversham, and continued amongst the revenues of it till its final dissolution in the 30th year of Henry VIII. at which time it was valued at eight pounds per annum.
This estate thus coming into the hands of the crown, was granted by the king next year to Sir Thomas Cheney, lord warden, to hold in capite, who alienated it, in the 36th year of that reign, to Robert Martyn, of Graveney-court, who died in the first year of king Edward VI. (fn. 6) leaving his two daughters his coheirs, Joane, married to Richard Argall, and Elizabeth to Stephen Reames, who jointly possessed this estate. After which both these moieties seem to have been conveyed to Ciriac Petit, of Colkins, in this neighbourhood, who died possessed of the entire see of it in 1591, and in his descendants it continued down to Mr. William Petit, who in 1709 conveyed it by sale to dame Sarah Barrett, of Lee, widow, who died in 1711, upon which this estate came to her only son by her first husband, Sir Francis Head, bart. who died possessed of it in 1716. (fn. 7) He left four sons, who became entitled to this estate on their father's death, as coheirs in gavelkind. On the death of the eldest Sir Richard Head, bart. in 1721, his share devolved to his three brothers. James Head, esq. died afterwards intestate in 1727, and unmarried, on which Sir Francis Head, bart. and John Head, D. D. became possessed of it in undivided moieties, and the latter that same year conveyed his moiety of it to the former, who in 1745 sold the entire fee of it to John Smith, esq. of Faversham, who has since conveyed it to his son, John Smith, junior, esq. of Ospringe, the present possessor of it. The estate of Nagden pays nine shillings per annum, on Lammas day, to the vicar of Graveney, in lieu of tithes.
Charities.
On a tablet in the church, the benefactions of several pieces of land are recorded, amounting in the whole to upwards of four acres. These are put up as benefactions to the church; but by the information of the clerk, they belonged to the poor, to whom the yearly produce of them was distributed till of late. It is now applied to the repairs of the church.
The poor constantly relieved are about ten, casually 25.
GRAVENEY is within the ECCLESIASTICAL JURISDICTION of the diocese of Canterbury, and deanry of Ospringe.
The church is dedicated to All Saints, and consists of three isles and a high chancel, and two side ones formerly called chapels, the south one being dedicated to St. John, and the north one to the Virgin Mary. The steeple, which is a tower, stands at the north-west corner. In it are three bells. The antient gravestones in this church have been removed from where they originally laid, to make room for the present ones. Thus that of John Martyn, as I am informed, has been removed out of the north into the south chancel. In this north chancel they have been likewise still further displaced; there are now two rows of gravestones in it, lying three and three. In the west row are now, the first southward, Judge Martyn's; the second, Mr. Edward Blaxland's, who died in 1739; and the third, Thomas Burgeys, esq. For the making room for Mr. E. Blaxland's, Judge Martyn's stone was removed from the middle or second place to the first, where before his son's lay, till removed to the south chancel. This practice, of disturbing the ashes of the dead, as is but too frequent in churches of late, calls loudly for some authority to prevent it in future.
The church of Graveney, with the advowson of the vicarage, was in very early times part of the possessions of the priory of St. Mary Overies, in Southwark, with which it continued till the final dissolution of it in the 31st year of king Henry VIII. when it came into the hands of the crown, together with all the revenues and estates belonging to it.
The parsonage remained in the crown some years longer than the advowson of the vicarage, as will be mentioned hereafter, that is, till the 3d year of queen Elizabeth, when the queen granted this rectory, being then valued at 7l. 6s. 8d. yearly rent, to archbishop Parker and his successors, in exchange for other premises. (fn. 8) Since which it has continued part of the possessions of the see of Canterbury to this time.
This parsonage has been from time to time demised on a beneficial lease, at the above yearly rent. In 1643 Mrs. Elizabeth Robinson, widow, was tenant of it. John Baker, esq. of St. Stephen's, near Canterbury, is the present lessee of it.
But the advowson of the vicarage did not continue so long in the crown, for it was granted, among others, in 1558, to the archbishop and his successors, (fn. 9) with whom it now continues, his grace the archbishop being now patron of it.
This vicarage is valued in the king's books at fifty pounds, and the yearly tenths at 1l. 4s. per annum. In 1578 there were communicants here ninety. In 1640 the communicants were sixty-five, and it was valued at sixty pounds per annum.
In the year 1244 archbishop Boniface, on the presentation of the prior and convent of St. Mary Overies, as appears by an antient book belonging to it, instituted Ralph, the curate of Gravene, to the perpetual vicarage of this parish, so that he should receive and take in the name of it, all fruits and oblations, with all other things belonging to the church, excepting two sheaves of the tithe, and should take the same to his own use.
In the same manuscript, on a dispute between the prior and convent, rectors of this church, and Richard, lord of Gravenel, concerning tithes in this parish, it was decreed in 1283, before the rural dean of Ofpringe, that the vicar should receive, in the name of the religious, as well as in his own right, all tithes arising in future from the feedings and pastures in his own marshes, called North-marsh and Leved-marsh, which should be paid to him without any cavil or exception. (fn. 10)
The vicar has a house and two acres of glebe land.
¶The vicarage is worth about fifty pounds per annum. He is entitled, by the above composition, to all tithes, excepting the two sheaves mentioned in it, and by prescription likewise; which third part of the corn tithes is now usually known by the name of the vicar's third sheaf. But the impropriator's lease being for all the tithes of the parish, without any such exception, has occasioned many quarrels and disputes about this third sheaf, which are now entirely subsided, and the vicar is accustomed to take one shock out of every thirty shocks of corn, in right of his vicarage.
My 14" bandsaw is a 1991 Grizzly and was expected to resaw the Cypress with miminal wood waste. The pictured part has two threaded knobs and has ears that ride up and down in slots on the main casting. This part puts tension on the blade and aligns the plane of the top wheel thus the tracking of the blade on both the bottom and top wheels.
This part was purchased two months ago to replace the original part which cracked. The saw has endured little use since I purchased it 20 years ago so I was surprised that the part cracked.
I called Grizzly for a replacement part and was informed that the part is no longer available so I figured I may have to go to a machine shop and have a replacement part fabricated...$$.
Two months ago I'm shopping in Harbor Freight and for grins checked out their 14" bandsaw and what device puts tension on the blade. Their part is identical to the one in my Grizzly. Next time I'm in Home Depot, I check out their Rigid 14" bandsaw and find the identical part for putting tension on the blade. Using a Rigid parts schematic, I order the part for $17 plus shipping.
Makes one wonder who manufactures tools and what the real difference is besides price? So, when equipment breaks and the OEM says no parts available, do some detective work and perhaps save yourself some serious $.
I discover that the ears on the replacement part are not sliding properly in the slots on the main casting. Seems the slots in the main casting were not machined properly when originally manufactured so the original sliding tensioning device was binding and cracked when I tightened down on the blade tensioning knob. Using my angle grinder, I fixed the slots in the main casting and the part now slides without binding.
Continuing my love hate relationship with my bandsaw, the motor with no load on it now growls and will not start so perhaps the start capacitor is gone.
Machines can hate you. I once had a 10 year old clothes washing machine that would periodically vomit soapy water on the floor. Never could find the problem and after the last and most significant flood, I put the machine in my driveway and using a sledge hammer and reciprocating saw, I killed it. A neighbor came over and asked Ann if I was ok. I wasn't, as I was putting out a Banzai scream with each blow of the sledge hammer.
I knew that if I threw the machine intact in the dump it would live on and return to haunt or infect the replacement washing machine. It was like killing a vampire...drive a stake through its heart.
The bandsaw may be next.
Expecting and nursing mothers require social protection but workers in the informal economy are often not covered. Maternity protection has been a primary concern of the ILO since its creation in 1919. Workplace support for mothers who are breastfeeding has been a basic provision of maternity protection. The Philippines expanded maternity leave benefits in 2019 to align with international labour standards. The ILO also promoted exclusive breastfeeding in the workplace to advance women’s rights to maternity protection and to improve nutrition security for Filipino children.
Photo : E. Tuyay / ILO
Date : 2011/11
Country : Philippines
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Expecting and nursing mothers require social protection but workers in the informal economy are often not covered. Maternity protection has been a primary concern of the ILO since its creation in 1919. Workplace support for mothers who are breastfeeding has been a basic provision of maternity protection. The Philippines expanded maternity leave benefits in 2019 to align with international labour standards. The ILO also promoted exclusive breastfeeding in the workplace to advance women’s rights to maternity protection and to improve nutrition security for Filipino children.
Photo : E. Tuyay / ILO
Date : 2011/11
Country : Philippines
Believe it or not, I had not visited St Augustine's before. Not through want of trying, I had followed the signs from the city centre several times, but they peter out. However, a few months ago, we parked in a different place so I could visit a camera shop, and there was the entrance.
So, a few weeks back, after visiting the Cathedral, we headed to the Abbey. I really did not know what to expect, I have been to other ruined abbeys, but this is on a grander scale than all the others, and it seemed to me, the destruction more complete.
But it was here, in Canterbury, that St Augustine set up his mission, built his church and, in time, was buried.
Looking at the site now, and with the cathedral so close, Canterbury was little else other than church.
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St Augustine's Abbey was a Benedictine monastery in Canterbury, Kent, England.[2] The abbey was founded in 598 and functioned as a monastery until its dissolution in 1538 during the English Reformation. After the abbey's dissolution, it underwent dismantlement until 1848. Since 1848, part of the site has been used for educational purposes and the abbey ruins have been preserved for their historical value.
In 597, Augustine arrived in Anglo-Saxon England, having been sent by the missionary-minded Pope Gregory I to convert the Anglo-Saxons.[4] The King of Kent at this time was Æthelberht or Ethelbert. Although he worshipped in a pagan temple just outside the walls of Canterbury to the east of the city, Ethelbert was married to a Christian, Bertha. According to tradition, the king not only gave his temple and its precincts to St Augustine for a church and monastery,[4] he also ordered that the church to be erected be of "becoming splendour, dedicated to the blessed apostles Peter and Paul, and endowed it with a variety of gifts." One purpose of the foundation was to provide a residence for Augustine and his brother monks. As another, both King Ethelbert and Augustine foresaw the abbey as a burial place for abbots, archbishops, and kings of Kent.[5]
William Thorne, the 14th century chronicler of the abbey, records 598 as the year of the foundation.[5] The monastic buildings were most likely wooden in the manner of Saxon construction, so they could be quickly built. However, building a church of solid masonry, like the churches Augustine had known in Rome, took longer.[6] The church was completed and consecrated in 613. Ca. 624 a short distance to the east, Eadbald, son and successor of Ethelbert, founded a second church, dedicated to Saint Mary which also buried Kentish royalty.[7] The abbey became known as St Augustine's after the founder's death.[8]
For two centuries after its founding, St Augustine's was the only important religious house in the kingdom of Kent.[9] The historian G. F. Maclear characterized St Augustine's as being a "missionary school" where "classical knowledge and English learning flourished."[10] Over time, St Augustine's Abbey acquired an extensive library that included both religious and secular holdings. In addition, it had a scriptorium for producing manuscripts.
Dunstan, Archbishop of Canterbury from 959 to 988, influenced a reorganisation of the abbey to conform to Benedictine rule. Buildings were enlarged and the church rebuilt. Dunstan also revised the dedication of the abbey, from the original Saints Peter and Paul, by adding Saint Augustine in 978.[12] Since then, the abbey has been known as St Augustine's.
The invading Danes not only spared St Augustine's, but in 1027 King Cnut made over all the possessions of Minster-in-Thanet to St Augustine's. These possessions included the preserved body of Saint Mildred. Belief in the miraculous power of this relic had spread throughout Europe, and it brought many pilgrims to St Augustine's, whose gifts enriched the abbey.
Following the Norman Conquest of England in 1066, William the Conqueror confiscated landed estates, but he respected Church property.[15] At St Augustine's Abbey, the Anglo-Saxon buildings were completely reconstructed in the form of a typical Norman Benedictine monastery.[8] By 1100, all the original buildings had disappeared under a Romanesque edifice. There was further rebuilding as a result of the great fire in 1168.[16] The fire's destruction accounts for the paucity of historical records for the preceding period.[17]
From about 1250 onwards was a period of wealth in which "building succeeded building."[18] Boggis' history calls this period a time of "worldly magnificence," marked by "lavish expenditures" on new buildings, royal visits, and banquets with thousands of guests. In addition, the papacy imposed many levies on the abbey. The large debt that was incurred by these expenditures might have swamped the abbey had it not been for generous benefactors who came to the rescue.[19]
The cloister, frater (refectory) and kitchen were totally rebuilt. A new abbot's lodging and a great hall were added. In the early 14th century, land was acquired for a cellarer's range (living and working quarters for the cellarer who was responsible for provisioning the abbey's cellarium), a brewhouse, a bakehouse, and a new walled vineyard. A Lady chapel was built to the east of the church.
The abbey gatehouse was rebuilt from 1301 to 1309 by Abbot Fyndon. It has since been known as the Fyndon Gate or the Great Gate. The chamber above the entrance was the state bed-chamber of the Monastery. In 1625, Charles I of England and Queen Henrietta Maria slept in this chamber, following their marriage in Canterbury Cathedral.[20] In 1660, after the Restoration, Charles II and his brothers, the Dukes of York and Gloucester, stayed in the gatehouse on their way to London.[21]
Fyndon's gate suffered such damage by German bombs during the Second World War that it had to be rebuilt.[20] The gate faces a small square known since the reign of Charles I as Lady Wootton's Green."[21] Statues of Æthelberht of Kent and Queen Bertha stand on the green.
Boggis describes the early 16th century leading up to the Dissolution of the Monasteries as "days of decadence". Although the abbey owned estates throughout Kent amounting to 19,862 acres, Boggis holds that "historical evidence proves conclusively that even if Henry VIII. had never dissolved them, the English monasteries were already doomed." The "extortionate exactions" of the Papacy would lead to bankruptcy.[22]
However, the English Reformation accompanied by the Dissolution of the Monasteries happened before bankruptcy. The Reformation replaced the Pope (a cleric) with a Monarch (a layman). Actions by the Parliament's House of Commons strengthened the power of the laity versus the power of the clergy. These actions were part of the English Reformation’s "great transfer" of power, both economic and religious, from Ecclesiastical to Secular authorities.[23]
As part of the "great transfer," Parliament gave King Henry VIII authority to dissolve the monasteries and confiscate the property for the Crown. The rationale given was "that the religious houses had ceased to apply their property to the specific religious uses for which it was originally given."[15]
On 30 July 1538, the King's Commissioners arrived to take the surrender of St Augustine's Abbey. The last abbot and monks complied and left the abbey. The abbey, with its site, its goods, buildings, lands and all other possessions, became the property of the Crown. This dissolution ended over 940 years of monastic presence.
During the rest of Henry's reign, St Augustine's Abbey was held by the Crown with some of its buildings converted into a royal residence. However, in other parts of the abbey dismantling and sale of material began in 1541.[25] Some of the stone was used in the fortifications of the Pale of Calais, but more of it was sold locally. The library, containing two thousand manuscripts, was destroyed and the treasure plundered.[26]
The royal residence was used occasionally by the royal family as late as the reign of Queen Elizabeth I, during which the buildings were leased to a succession of noblemen.[25][26] In 1558, Elizabeth leased the palace to Henry Lord Cobham. During Lord Cobham’s possession, the Queen kept her court here while on one of her royal progresses.[27] Lord Cobham was a resident of Kent who had served her faithfully as a diplomat and parliamentarian.[28] On the attainder of Lord Cobham for treason in 1603 under the reign of James I, the residence was granted to Robert Cecil, Lord Essenden.[27]
After Cecil died in 1612, the residence passed to Edward, Lord Wootton of Marley (sometimes spelled "Wotton").[29] Lord Wootton employed John Tradescant the elder to lay out formal gardens. Wootton died in 1626, but Lady Wootton lived on in her palace until her death in 1658. The open space before the gateway is still known as Lady Wootton's Green.[30]
Sir Edward Hales (1626–1684) took possession of the property after Lady Wooton’s death, to be followed by his son Sir Edward Hales (1645–1695). Rather than conserving the property, these new owners dismantled the buildings and carried used stones to build a new house at Hales Place.[29]
From then on until 1844, the desolation continued until it had engulfed the church, cloister, kitchen and refectory.[31] Other parts of the site suffered degradation. From 1770 to 1844, the Alfred Beer & Company brewery operated within the abbey precincts.[32] In 1804, a portion of the site was divided into lots and sold. The Great Court was used as a bowling green and skittle ground. Ethelbert's Tower, the remaining tower of the Norman abbey, was taken down in 1822.[26] Robert Ewell, in his Guide to St. Augustine’s Monastery and Missionary College wrote that in the first half of the 19th century, the abbey "reached its lowest point of degradation".
The condition of the abbey did not go unnoticed. In 1844 a rich young landowner, member of parliament, and generous churchman, Alexander James Beresford Hope, visited the ruins, found them deplorable, and bought them. Inspired by the missionary zeal of the Reverend Edward Coleridge, Hope and other donors gave additional money to restore and construct buildings for the establishment of a college to train young men as missionaries in the British colonies.[26] They envisioned a dual purpose for the college: (a) to educate missionaries and (b) to excavate and preserve the abbey remains.[33] St Augustine's Missionary College remained in existence until 1947.[34] However, on the night of 31 May 1942, its buildings were so badly damaged by a German blitz that the College ceased operations.[35]
English Heritage entrance on Longport to St Augustine's Abbey ruins[1]
From 1952 to 1967, the Missionary College buildings were used as The Central College of the Anglican Communion.[36]
Since 1976, the college buildings (plus some new ones) have been used by the King's School, Canterbury, for boarding houses and the School Library. This part of the St Augustine's Abbey site was purchased by the School in 1994.[37]
The ruins of the abbey are now a UNESCO World Heritage Site[38] in the care of English Heritage.
Internet research will turn up results for what to sketch in Bangkok, but here are ten tips on what to expect in terms of the how and the dynamics of urban sketching or plein air/on location painting and drawing:
1. Bangkok is a typically Asian city: noisy, crowded, bustling. Foreigners are an easy target for touts and scam-artists on the streets. There is no “Off” button or “Low Volume” button in Bangkok. Venture out from an air-conditioned hotel room for two hours at a time, returning for respite from everything and a change of clothes.
2. Consider limiting any trip to Bangkok to just three days if you are over 40 or have a current/previous medical condition. Fresh air is lacking in Bangkok and high levels of air pollution (not to mention the heat, humidity, noise, touts) will have you in need for an oxygen cafe before very long. There seem to be few people over 40 in Bangkok: they have either left to retire to rural Thailand or are actively thinking about it!
3. Heat and sun (and humidity) is strongest from about 10am to 1pm. On-site sketching is more comfortable outside these hours.
4. Getting around. Street signs are invariably in English so it’s quite hard to get lost. Thai transcription spelling in English can vary a lot; take more than one map if searching for anything off the tourist track.
5. Sketching architecture and traditional Thai buildings. There are plenty of temples, shrines and churches, all with semi-private courtyards ideal for sketching religious buildings. Seek out examples of traditional architecture (teak wooden structures) before they totally disappear; any non-tourist area (no signage in English) means you’re probably close to traditional buildings. It is possible to set up a sketching position in the street – look out for closed shops or pavements not occupied by street vendors (the vendors work in shifts, so don’t get in their way!).
6. Sketching streetscapes. Bone up on motorcycles and research photos of tuk-tuk taxis. They are integral to street life and best observed from inside air-conditioned cafes. Street vendors and their stalls are endlessly fascinating; try to observe their set-up and disassembly. Street vendors don’t operate on public holidays and beware the massive street cleaning of busiest soi (lanes) around 9am on Sunday mornings. Ferry piers are good, under-cover locations for observing and sketching people, especially the least busy ones away from tourist landmarks. The Chao Phraya River is a must-see but I defy anyone to actually sketch on the ferries!
7. Stay local. Bangkok is a flat, large city of 6.5m people. Sketch the area closest to where you are staying, because most of it will be “duplicated” in the various suburban areas across the entire city. You will obviously travel for the principal city’s landmarks, but stick to the main street and the soi (lanes) running off it.
8. Keep hydrated. You will need at least two 500g bottles of water (or 1 large 14 baht bottle from the many 7-11 shops) for any 1-2 hour sketching session. Food is never a problem; you will not eat better anywhere else in the world.
9. Sketching people. Bangkokians are entrepreneurial and work hard; they don’t sit still. At most street corners, motorcycle taxi drivers will congregate with their bikes waiting for clients; at others, tuk-tuks will line up with their drivers nearby; Bangkokians will stop by the many Buddhist shrines attached to every commercial buildings. Bangkok has large shopping malls with sprawling public areas outside. Stopping by any public park (there aren’t many) is a must, e.g. the Chinese t’ai chi practitioners, and Chinese ladies-who-lunch in the various teahouses, inside Lumphini Park. I chose not to sketch people worshipping in temples and shrines, i.e. inside Buddhist temples and shrines of other denominations; it just seemed an invasion of privacy. For your dose of people sketching, Attic Studios runs drawing sessions involving clothed locals and the usual life drawing; unfortunately my email seems not to have gotten through to them, but it’s useful to know in terms of foreign artists visiting the city.
10. Solo urban sketching is hard work, something of an Extreme Sport in any large city, but don’t overlook any opportunity to sketch with the local Bangkok Sketchers group. They are experts at finding comfortable locations and maximising sketching productivity: no strenuous sketchcrawls involving extended travel! There is not a more relaxed, inquisitive, quiet, supportive sketching group in all the world.
Expectantes. La navidad se acercaba, el show que llegó al pueblo estaba a punto de comenzar y los niños iban recuperando su alegría. Chincha (después del terremoto)
a spur of the moment photoshoot, cause the lighting was so pretty outside but we knew we only had like 5 minutes left of sun. so this is what we came up with and it turned out to be one of my fave shoots with her <3
More in here than I expected to see. Back in 83 as a spotty teen I used to regularly visit the George next door, we used to go there to play pool and have a pint (if you had the money the landlord had the beer) we would all ride out there on our crappy little 50cc mopeds. Mine was a little gem, it was an orange Mobylette reg SRT 87M, that little French baby used to go like a rocket it was pedal start and had no rear suspension, the springs were in the saddle. The only problem it had was being air cooled (French Technology) it would get hot and slow down about 3 miles before the pub, this was always expected, so as I felt that holding back feel I would pip my tiny little pathetic horn and my pals would pull over, then we would proceed to piddle on the cylinder head, that great burst of aromatic steam was not the best but it worked like a charm!! Its the truth the whole truth and nothing but the truth!
Tobacco-use can lead to tobacco/nicotine dependence and smoking critical health conditions. Quitting smoking drastically decreases the chance of developing smoking -related diseases.I dont think and so I have seemed but cant locate something and so I will just have to experience it out. This
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Area I expecting and new parents meet at the Camp Casey Community Activity Center June 2, 2012, for a Baby Shower. Various garrison activities had boothes where they passed out information. Dads-to-be were given a chance to see what it was like to be pregnant with the "empathy belly". Both parents also got the chance to see who could change their "baby's" diaper and try to guess the flavor of baby food. U.S. Army Photo by Sgt. 1st Class Jeff Troth
I expect this was show stopper...
This is all I could find (which is I think a description of a Pathe newsreel item) :
Titles read: "Leaps and bounds [superimposed over C/U of an Alsatian dog] - 'Amongst the cleverest of dogs, the Alsatian stands high', says Mr. Hammond-Wright, whose 'Rustling Wolf Alsatians' are famous. 'They are apt pupils and pick up all sorts of tricks very rapidly.'"
Location of events unknown - probably London, Pathe studio.
Various shots of Mr Hammond-Wright with his four Rustling Wolf Alsatians in a studio. He gets them to jump over each other and through hoops. One dog guesses correctly three times which hand the man is hiding a coin in.
Mr Hammond-Wright puts some some coloured handkerchiefs and flags in a line on the ground and asks one of the dogs to pick out the Union Jack; the dog does so. The man then gets the dogs to bark when he asks them to speak. Two of the dogs then take turns to jump over an 8-foot barrier - one of them nearly gets stuck.
More in here than I expected to see. Back in 83 as a spotty teen I used to regularly visit the George next door, we used to go there to play pool and have a pint (if you had the money the landlord had the beer) we would all ride out there on our crappy little 50cc mopeds. Mine was a little gem, it was an orange Mobylette reg SRT 87M, that little French baby used to go like a rocket it was pedal start and had no rear suspension, the springs were in the saddle. The only problem it had was being air cooled (French Technology) it would get hot and slow down about 3 miles before the pub, this was always expected, so as I felt that holding back feel I would pip my tiny little pathetic horn and my pals would pull over, then we would proceed to piddle on the cylinder head, that great burst of aromatic steam was not the best but it worked like a charm!! Its the truth the whole truth and nothing but the truth!
St Andrew, Collyweston, Northamptonshire
And so to church-exploring again, a day in which our hero takes a bicycle ride into Rutland and north Northamptonshire. He rides two ridges either side of the great Welland Vale, meets an eccentric churchwarden, sees double, frightens a horse, has his head turned by a young American lady, witnesses the longest railway viaduct in the British Isles, has another incident with a lady over wheelie bins and climbs hills no man of his age should be expected to climb.
An early start, the 0600 from Ipswich, arriving Stamford, Lincolnshire at 0810, and then I headed straight across the county border and up and out the long ridge that runs on the Northamptonshire side of the Welland Vale, climbing higher and higher with spectacular views into the Vale below. The day was overcast, which is always a disappointment in this part of the world with its stone buildings which are brought to life in sunshine, but even so the villages are lovely and the rolling hills dramatic.
My plan was to visit my 50th Northamptonshire church, and then cut and run back to Stamford via Ketton. However, this was not the way things would turn out.
My first port of call was only a couple of miles out of Stamford, but involved a steep climb on the busy Stamford to Kettering road before turning off and swooping down and then up into the exquisitely pretty hilltop village of Easton-on-the-Hill and its church of All Saints, which I was surprised to find was locked without a keyholder notice. I hadn't expected this. I wondered if I was too early, because it was still a few minutes short of 0830, but the bloke cutting the grass said it was usually open by this time, but he thought it had been left locked because there was a wedding later that day. He didn't have a key, and of course as it is usually open every day there wouldn't be a keyholder notice, would there.
It seemed a shame, because Pevsner has lots to say about how lovely the inside is. A big church, the graveyard narrow and big-treed to the south, difficult to get a shot from that side, but wide-open to the north with some grand 18th Century memorials, which was some recompense. The 18th Century was Stamford's heyday of course, one of the most important towns in England before the Industrial Revolution.
I hate starting the day with a locked church, but it would be one of only a couple in the course of the day. I headed back on to the busy road which in less than two miles brought me into Collyweston, an even prettier village, although the traffic spoilt it a bit. Here was the church of St Andrew, locked with a keyholder notice. The church is set back from the main road behind a large wall, with just a narrow doorway entrance. This is unusual, but it is the same at Helpston in Cambridgeshire, not so very far off and a very friendly church. However, this doorway had a sign saying 'this gate is closed. The trees are dangerous.'
I peeped over the wall, and the church looked a bit neglected. Was it still in use? I headed up the main road and turned off into an unutterably lovely high street of mainly 17th and 18th Century stone buildings, some thatched, others roofed in 'Collyweston tiles'. A gated alleyway ran up to the south side of the church, and a sign said 'you can't get through the churchyard. The trees are dangerous'. All very curt and to the point. I headed down to the church, but I could see the padlock on the doors, and a sign 'Because we've had robberies, we have to keep the church locked. If you have a genuine reason for visiting, the key is at...' and it listed five keyholders, all surprisingly close by, neighbours in fact.
I chose the first one on the list, a few doors down from the gated alley. Here, a sign said 'tradesmen, itinerants and salespeople - you can knock on this door all you like, no one will hear you. If you have a genuine reason for calling, open the door, walk up the alley and ring the bell at the far end.' At this point I realised I was dealing with a genuine eccentric, and so it proved. He jumped at the chance to show a stranger his church. As we walked back to the church I said I was sorry to hear there had been robberies. "Yes, well," he said, "there was one long ago. But the main reason we keep the church locked is we can't find anyone reliable to open and close it each day', which reminded me of one of the reasons my late friend Tom Muckley used to give as the most likely ones for churches to be kept locked, and not for security reasons at all.
A tall, rather shabby church, and stepping inside was to find a rather sad interior and a sense of past glories, for Lady Margaret Beaufort had a castle at Collyweston, and the 15th Century brought plenty of money for church renewal. A chapel at this time was built on the south side of the chancel, and 20th Century restoration has revealed inside it the original outside wall of the late Norman church. There is a very good AK Nicholson war memorial window which includes an image of the church (and, incidentally, part of the churchwarden's house, he was proud to note). There is a very tall south clerestory, but no aisle, filled with early 19th Century glass 'brought here from a Yorkshire church'. No one seems to know who it is by. I noticed the Sarum screen still in use, and I asked the churchwarden if they were still High Church. 'We get what we're given', was his curt reply.
I said farewell to my new friend and then headed back on the busy road towards the next village, which was set below where the A47 Leicester to Great Yarmouth road crosses it. On the map it looked a busy junction, but I knew the A47 well from travelling to and from Leicester when my son was at university there, and it is quite cycleable at this point, quite unlike what it will be like once it gets into Norfolk. A lot of the traffic there must come off of the A1 I suppose. Duddington was reached after a short distance in the Leicester direction, and here was the church of St Mary, and it was open.
A lovely village, and a delightful setting for the church, up an alley between cottages and then set on a small, round, raised churchyard, which must be an ancient space. The church is very pretty, though a bit of an oddity, as the spired tower is set at the east end of the south aisle. Inside, the church is lovely, such a difference to the previous church, clean and light and overseen by glorious Norman arcades with capitals, but on a small scale, for this is not a big church. I thought it was delightful, and of course it had no difficulty in stepping up as church of the day so far.
I now headed out of Duddington at the western end of the village back onto the A47, but just before I reached it I crossed the gently winding River Welland by an old stone bridge and in doing so crossed into Rutland for the first time. Barely half a mile on the A47, and I turned off again towards Tixover.
To be continued.