Archaeology
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A very picturesque little square right next to the Messina Gate. Lovely views for a painter, with stylish buildings and ancient excavations.
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Bardzo malowniczy mały plac tuż obok Bramy Mesyńskiej. Urocze widoki dla malarza, ze stylowymi budynkami i starożytnymi wykopaliskami.
Dún Aonghasa (Unofficial anglicised version Dun Aengus) is the best-known of several prehistoric hill forts on the Aran Islands of County Galway, Republic of Ireland. It lies on Inis Mór, at the edge of a 100-metre-high (330 ft) cliff.
A popular tourist attraction, Dún Aonghasa is an important archaeological site.
History
It is not known exactly when Dún Aonghasa was built, though it is now thought that most of the structures date from the Bronze Age and Iron Age. T. F. O'Rahilly surmised in what is known as O'Rahilly's historical model that it was built in the 2nd century BC by the Builg following the Laginian conquest of Connacht.Excavations at the site indicate that the first construction goes back to 1100 BC, when rubble was piled against large upright stones to form the first enclosure. Around 500 BC, the triple wall defenses were probably constructed along the fort's western side.
The 19th-century artist George Petrie called "Dún Aonghasa" "the most magnificent barbaric monument in Europe". Its name, meaning "Fort of Aonghas", may refer to the pre-Christian god of the same name described in Irish mythology, or the mythical king, Aonghus mac Úmhór. It has thus traditionally been associated with the Fir Bolg.
Form and function
The fort consists of a series of four concentric walls of dry stone construction, built on a high cliff some one hundred metres above the sea. At the time of its construction sea levels were considerably lower and a recent Radio Telefis Eireann documentary estimates that originally it was 1000 metres from the sea. Surviving stonework is four metres wide at some points. The original shape was presumably oval or D-shaped but parts of the cliff and fort have since collapsed into the sea. Outside the third ring of walls lies a defensive system of stone slabs, known as a cheval de frise, planted in an upright position in the ground and still largely well-preserved. These ruins also feature a huge rectangular stone slab, the function of which is unknown. Impressively large among prehistoric ruins, the outermost wall of Dún Aonghasa encloses an area of approximately 6 hectares (14 acres).
Today
The walls of Dún Aonghasa have been rebuilt to a height of 6m and have wall walks, chambers, and flights of stairs. The restoration is easily distinguished from the original construction by the use of mortar.[citation needed]
There is a small museum illustrating the history of the fort and its possible functions. Also in the vicinity is a Neolithic tomb and a small heritage park featuring examples of a traditional thatched cottage and an illegal poteen distillery.
A male pileated woodpecker excavating part of a large log lying across a small stream. He appears to have drawn his head back to prepare for his next strike.
Woodpeckers(both Gila and Flickers) actually bore the original holes into the Saguaro, and the cactus responds by healing the walls of the excavation by secreting a resinous substance that hardens into a waterproof seal. The resulting “boot” becomes an ideal nesting site for a great variety of birds, including Starlings, sparrows, finches, martins, and small owls.
The crested saguaro is relatively rare. The cause of the fanlike growth pattern remains a mystery with theories including genetic mutation, lightning strike, and freeze damage.
Halde Nordeutschland
Die Halde Nordeutschland ist durch den Aushub der dortigen Zechen bei Kamp-Lintfort und Neukirchen-Vluyn entstanden. Auf 102 m Höhe ist das sogenannte Hallenhaus errichtet worden. Hier oben bietet sich Richtung Osten eine reiche Aussicht auf den Niederrhein und das Ruhrgebiet. Zudem gibt es hier oben genug Platz für diverse Events.
The scree "Norddeutschland" (mining dump) based on the excavation material from the coal mines of Kamp-Lintfort and Neukirchen-Vluyn left side of the river Rhine. At the top of 102m (300 feet) by the so called hall house you have an amazing view eastwards to the lower Rhine region and the "Ruhrgebiet". There are also facilities for all kind of events.
Kleifarvatn is located in the centre of the Reykjanes Peninsula, near the Krýsuvík and Gunnhver geothermal areas. This region is renowned for its geothermal and geological activity; the landscape is covered in a thick layer of lava, which itself is topped by a haunting moss, and hot springs steam in many areas. A row of active volcanoes run along its length.The peninsula, and Kleifarvatn itself, lies on the fissure zone of the Mid-Atlantic ridge, between the North American and Eurasian tectonic plates.
The Temple of Apollo at Delphi stands on a terrace on the southern slope of Mount Parnassus, wedged between the limestone cliffs known as the Phaedriades and overlooking the valley of the river Pleistos. The sanctuary developed in close relation to this steep landscape, which determined the arrangement of terraces, retaining walls, and monuments. Although the site was occupied from Mycenaean times, the establishment of Apollo’s cult in the first millennium BCE transformed Delphi into one of the principal religious centres of the Greek world by the sixth century BCE.
Several temples succeeded one another on the same sacred footprint. An Archaic phase culminated around 510 BCE, funded by contributions from Greek communities under the patronage of the Alcmaeonids of Athens; that building was destroyed by an earthquake in 373 BCE. The reconstruction, financed by the Amphictyonic League, was delayed by the Third Sacred War and completed around 330–327 BCE, and is attributed to the architects Spintharos of Corinth, Xenodorus, and Agathon. The rebuilt temple preserved the Doric peripteral scheme with six columns on the façades and fifteen along the flanks. Fourth‑century BCE inscriptions record costs, labour, and materials, offering a rare glimpse into ancient construction logistics.
Delphi functioned as a Panhellenic sanctuary rather than the religious centre of a single city. Communities from across the Greek world erected treasuries, monuments, and dedications along the Sacred Way, where religious devotion and political rivalry became materially intertwined. The sanctuary also hosted the Pythian Games, held every four years in honour of Apollo.
The oracle lay at the heart of Delphi’s authority. The Pythia, Apollo’s priestess, delivered responses sought by individuals and city‑states on matters ranging from colonization to war and policy. Inside the temple were the pronaos, the naos, and the restricted adyton—the inner area associated with the oracle—and the omphalos, the stone regarded in Greek tradition as the “navel” of the world.
The sanctuary retained its importance into the Roman period, but the suppression of pagan cults in late antiquity, ordered by Emperor Theodosius I, led to its closure. Earthquakes, landslides, and the reuse of ancient building materials altered the site until systematic excavations by the French School at Athens began in 1892, revealing the foundations and columns visible today. What endures at Delphi is not merely an isolated temple but a complex archaeological landscape whose religious, political, and cultural significance was forged over centuries; in this case, architecture and terrain are inseparable.
I was photographing a pair of chickadees and was wondering why they were staying at a single tree for such a long amount of time. When the female flew into a cavity in this red alder, it all started to make sense. The female chickadee was considering this as a potential nesting site!
Chickadees are cavity nesters. They may excavate their own nests or use cavities previously excavated by woodpeckers. Nevertheless, it is habitual for them to remove wood shavings, even if the "cavity" is already complete (as in nest boxes). This female chickadee is doing just that.
I really hope this pair will settle down in this nesting. However, when I returned to the site later that evening, the chickadees were nowhere in sight. Perhaps they will return later after considering other nesting sites. Wherever they are, I hope they will raise a successful brood.
"Space Excavation"
Milky Way rising behind an excavator in a dirt field, middle of nowhere, South Dakota.
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A seaview at Filey Brigg
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Filey Brigg is a long narrow peninsula situated about a mile north of Filey, North Yorkshire. Its steep cliffs are 20 metres high and consist of a variety of material, from pure sandstone to pure limestone. The landward end of the peninsula of Filey Brigg is known as Carr Naze, whilst the long neck of rock at the seaward end is called the Brigg. In the early 1970s the fields on top of the Brigg were turned into Filey Brigg Country Park. The biology and geology of Filey Brigg place it among Sites of Special Scientific Interest in North Yorkshire.
The first record of Filey Brigg's ancient history was made by a local antiquarian, Dr Cortis (MD), who excavated a Roman signal station in 1857. In November that year he delivered a lecture to Filey's antiquarians in which he enumerated a number of findings made by "a painter belonging to Filey, named Wilson," who had found large quantities of Roman pottery, bones and charred wood in the area of Carr Naze on the northern side of Filey Bay. The findings encouraged more excavations, the result of which was five large stones believed to be altars or bases of pillars, a dog chasing a stag being carved on one of them. Cortis also reported that near one of the stones an inscription had been found bearing part of two lines:
CÆSAR S E
Q V A M . S P E[4]
Further investigations conducted in 1920 resulted in the belief that the five stones found by Cortis were foundations of a wooden watchtower. However no further remains are visible nowadays because of cliff erosion. It was concluded that the signal station was erected in the late 4th century and was abandoned or plundered around 400 A.D. The five stones can now be seen in the Filey Crescent Gardens.
I really thought they'd not bother to repair this again but I was wrong. Work started this week.
White stands for the proposed borders of an excavation. When crews need to mark the limits of the excavation needed for a basement, or even just a trench, they mark the outlines in white paint. This is usually the first step before any underground infrastructure is precisely located. It shows where the digging will occur.
Orange chalk indicates communications. This could include cable TV, phone systems, alarm wiring, fiber optics, or conduits intended to carry signals rather than power. With our modern reliance on telecommunications, it’s wise to be careful when digging around orange markings.
Blue chalk s the color of water, thus it makes sense that blue markings indicate the presence of water lines. Though not as potentially disastrous as a gas or power line, hitting a water pipe or main would have some pretty severe consequences on a project and surrounding residents. Take care around water, despite the peaceful, blue color.
Yellow means natural gas, petroleum, or steam. It’s the color for urgency and caution. Anyone who’s tapped into a gas line and lived to tell the tale knows the value of accurate markings for gas lines. Oil and steam can be almost as problematic. Take care when you see yellow markings.
The wooden chariot has long since rotted away. The ongoing excavations of the mausoleum of the first emperor of China, Qin Shi Huang, revels that it was laid out to resemble a palace complex. The Terracotta Army formed the garrison for the palace. The army was arranged in long trenches with wooden roofs covered in earth that rotted away and collapsed centuries ago. Every terracotta figure was broken into fragments that have been painstakingly reassembled and is still ongoing. As stated below many other types of figures have been found in other pits including palace animals such as birds and pets.
—from Wikipedia
The Terracotta Army is a collection of terracotta sculptures depicting the armies of Qin Shi Huang, the first emperor of China. It is a form of funerary art buried with the emperor in 210–209 BCE with the purpose of protecting him in his afterlife.
The figures, dating from approximately the late 200s BCE, were discovered in 1974 by local farmers in Lintong County, outside Xi'an, Shaanxi, China. The figures vary in height according to their rank, the tallest being the generals. The figures include warriors, chariots and horses. Estimates from 2007 were that the three pits containing the Terracotta Army hold more than 8,000 soldiers, 130 chariots with 520 horses, and 150 cavalry horses, the majority of which remain in situ in the pits near Qin Shi Huang's mausoleum. Other, non-military terracotta figures have since been found in other pits, including those of officials, acrobats, strongmen, and musicians.
Bonus secret santa for Yannick
www.flickr.com/photos/25420178@N02/
Based of some artwork Yanni made www.instagram.com/p/CMlCXmZJs7v/
ꒌ ОТКРИВЕН зимски брлог Ситроена у Црној Гори!
► █░▓ EXCITING MOMENT! Finally, after a lot of digging, we have reached the first actual part of the find. It seems that the early humans had a fair use of plastic materials too!
My car's winter den revealed on Durmitor mountain. The hydraulics have given way to the pressure from above and the vehicle sank almost to the ground (its the lowest position). But everything remained unharmed actually. Only after half a year the car won't survive a typhoon without injuries.
~SHORTCUTS~ Press [F11] and [L] key to engage Full Screen (Light box) mode with black background - press the same key or [Esc] to return. Press [F] to "Like" (Fave), press [C] to comment.
If you look hard enough you may find one, too.
SEVENTY-SIX
“No one who, like me, conjures up the most evil of those half-tamed demons that inhabit the human beast, and seeks to wrestle with them, can expect to come through the struggle unscathed.”
Sigmund Freud
11 days to Halloween!
From December, 2008; four years before I joined Flickr.
This one is for Jason Hendricks, with thanks.