Archaeology & People
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Griechenland, Greece - Insel Rhodos, antikes Kameiros
Kamiros war neben Ialysos (oder Ialissos) und Lindos eine der drei Städte des antiken Rhodos. Von der Stadt ist ein umfangreiches Grabungsfeld an der Westküste der Insel geblieben, das ein anschauliches Beispiel einer antiken (hellenistischen) Stadtanlage darstellt.
Um 1000 v. Chr. wurde Kamiros im Zuge der „Ionischen Wanderung“ von dorischen Griechen gegründet. In der Stadt lebte im 6. Jahrhundert v. Chr. der Ependichter Peisandros. Nach einem schweren Erdbeben wurde die Stadt, die nach der Gründung von Rhodos-Stadt stark an Bedeutung verlor, in hellenistischer Zeit vollständig und planmäßig neu errichtet. 139 n. Chr. wurde Kamiros dann nochmals durch ein Erdbeben zerstört und offenbar nicht wieder aufgebaut; Keramikfunde und Reste einer frühchristlichen Kirche belegen aber, dass der Ort erst im 4. Jahrhundert endgültig aufgegeben wurde.
Greece, Greece - Rhodes island, ancient Kameiros.
Kamiros was one of the three cities of ancient Rhodes, along with Ialysos (or Ialissos) and Lindos. What remains of the city is an extensive excavation site on the west coast of the island, which is a vivid example of an ancient (Hellenistic) city complex.
Kamiros was founded around 1000 BC by Dorian Greeks in the course of the “Ionian migration”. In the 6th century BC, the city was home to Peisandros the Ependicus. After a severe earthquake, the city, which lost much of its importance after the founding of Rhodes Town, was completely rebuilt according to plan in the Hellenistic period. In 139 AD, Kamiros was again destroyed by an earthquake and apparently not rebuilt; however, pottery finds and the remains of an early Christian church prove that the town was not finally abandoned until the 4th century.
The excavations of Pompeii
UNESCO World Heritage Site: Archaeological Areas of Pompeii, Herculaneum and Torre Annunziata.
Vesuvius in the background
A view of the loneliest part of Canyonlands- the Maze District, from Cleopatra's Chair sandwiched by the Henrys, across Turks Head with the Green River flowing around its White Rim cap, then south (left) past Ekker Butte and the Chocolate Drops barely visible on the far left. This view (from Green River Overlook) is one of my favorites off the Island in the Sky, though it is so massive and lacking of a main subject, it relies on the beauty of the gestalt to keep the eye entertained.
I will be out of Flickr action for about 3 weeks, though will hopefully be able to check in periodically- would hate to miss your wonderful posts!
"Space Excavation"
Milky Way rising behind an excavator in a dirt field, middle of nowhere, South Dakota.
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A night capture of the ancient ruins of Hampi from 14th century. Archeological excavation unearthing the centuries old mysteries day by day ...
This (very) shallow pool is on the glass roof of some historic / archaeological finds 5-10m below. The human eye could see them through the water but the camera wouldn't (and I didn't have a polarising filter at hand)...
From December, 2008; four years before I joined Flickr.
This one is for Jason Hendricks, with thanks.
"The restored water abstraction windmill at St Monans in Fife above the foundations of the nine Salt Pans at St Monans. It was used to pump seawater to the salt pans on the shore below.
"Sir John Anstruther and Robert Fall set up Newark Coal and Salt Company and, in 1771, began extracting low-grade coal at nearby Coal Farm. The windmill was used to evaporate sea water in iron pans along the shore. The salt produced was transported along a wooden, horse-drawn waggon-way to Pittenweem harbour for export. The settling tank and channel can still be seen while recent excavations have revealed the remains of the nine pan-houses. Salt production was abandoned by 1823." (Reference: nt6394.vs.netbenefit.co.uk/index.asp?lm=35).
If you look hard enough you may find one, too.
SEVENTY-SIX
“No one who, like me, conjures up the most evil of those half-tamed demons that inhabit the human beast, and seeks to wrestle with them, can expect to come through the struggle unscathed.”
Sigmund Freud
11 days to Halloween!
Sand flying from the hole as this sand martin digs into the cliff at Happisburgh, Norfolk. D500_83416.NEF
This Red-headed Woodpecker is busy excavating a nest site. Likely the male, since they do most of the excavation. Our beautiful world, pass it on.
Located in the shadow of Mount Vesuvius, Herculaneum (Italian: Ercolano) was an ancient Roman town destroyed by volcanic pyroclastic flows in 79 AD. Its ruins are located in the comune of Ercolano, Campania, Italy.
As a UNESCO World Heritage Site, it is famous as one of the few ancient cities that can now be seen in much of its original splendour, as well as for having been lost, along with Pompeii, Stabiae, Oplontis and Boscoreale, in the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in AD 79 that buried it. Unlike Pompeii, the deep pyroclastic material which covered it preserved wooden and other organic-based objects such as roofs, beds, doors, food and even some 300 skeletons which were discovered in recent years along the seashore. It had been thought until then that the town had been evacuated by the inhabitants.
Herculaneum was a wealthier town than Pompeii, possessing an extraordinary density of fine houses with, for example, far more lavish use of coloured marble cladding.
After the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79 AD, the town of Herculaneum was buried under approximately 20 metres (50–60 feet) of ash. It lay hidden and largely intact until discoveries from wells and underground tunnels became gradually more widely known, and notably following the Prince d'Elbeuf's explorations in the early 18th century.[2] Excavations continued sporadically up to the present and today many streets and buildings are visible, although over 75% of the town remains buried. Today, the Italian towns of Ercolano and Portici lie on the approximate site of Herculaneum. Until 1969 the town of Ercolano was called Resina. It changed its name to Ercolano, the Italian modernization of the ancient name in honour of the old city.
The inhabitants worshipped above all Hercules, who was believed to be the founder of both the town and Mount Vesuvius.
The catastrophic eruption of Mt. Vesuvius occurred on the afternoon of 24 August AD 79. Because Vesuvius had been dormant for approximately 800 years, it was no longer even recognized as a volcano.
Recent multidisciplinary research on the lethal effects of the pyroclastic surges in the Vesuvius area showed that in the vicinity of Pompeii and Herculaneum, heat was the main cause of the death of people who had previously been thought to have died by ash suffocation. This study shows that exposure to the surges, measuring at least 250 °C (482 °F) even at a distance of 10 kilometres from the vent, was sufficient to cause the instant death of all residents, even if they were sheltered within buildings.