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Nature, the new Dordse Biesbosch. The north side of the Nieuwe Merwede, an old polder has been transformed into the Nieuwe Biesbosch. Once agricultural land, it now serves as a green buffer zone on the south side of Dordrecht. On May 25, 2019, the Nieuwe Dordtse Biesbosch will be officially opened with an open house. You can walk and cycle through a unique polder landscape with its own unique polder structure. Along the way, you'll see much of the area's history. Duck decoys, long used for duck hunting, bunkers from the Second World War, and even the traces left by countless floods are still visible.
The evolvement of dikes of carefully stacked clay to pile dikes into high-tech sensor dikes did not happen overnight. Already in Roman times, small dikes and dams were created. A look into the long Dutch tradition of dike building gives us insight on a deeply rooted culture of trial and error in a country where the sea level rises and the ground level is dropping. History shows that either a big flood or a tiny worm, but also national welfare can lead to big consequences and shifts in the flood protection system. Key moments in the ever evolving dike network are described over different dike periods.
In 1986, the Netherlands proclaimed the new 12th province of Flevoland but they didn't carve out the province from already existing land nor did they annex the territory of their neighbors - Germany and Belgium. The Netherlands actually grew.
The Dutch and their ancestors have been working to hold back and reclaim land from the North Sea for over 2000 years. Over 2000 years ago, the Frisians who first settled the Netherlands began to build terpen, the first dikes to hold back the water.
In 1287 the terpen and dikes that held back the North Sea failed, and water flooded the country. A new bay, called Zuiderzee (South Sea) was created over former farmland. For the next few centuries, the Dutch worked to slowly push back the water of the Zuiderzee, building dikes and creating polders (the term used to described any piece of land reclaimed from water). Once dikes are built, canals and pumps are used to drain the land and to keep it dry. From the 1200s, windmills had been used to pump excess water off the fertile soil; today most of the windmills have been replaced with electricity- and diesel-driven pumps.
Then, storms and floods of 1916 provided the impetus for the Dutch to start a major project to reclaim the Zuiderzee. From 1927 to 1932, a 30.5 km (19 mile) long dike called Afsluitdijk (the Closing Dike) was built, turning the Zuiderzee into the IJsselmeer, a freshwater lake. (Much of the Netherlands is essentially a delta for the Rhine and other rivers.)
Further protective dikes and works were built, reclaiming the land of the IJsselmeer. The new land led to the creation of a the new province of Flevoland from what had been sea and water for centuries. The collective North Sea Protective Works is one of the Seven Wonders of the Modern World, according to the American Society of Civil Engineers.
Today, approximately 27 percent of the Netherlands is actually below sea level. This area is home to over 60 percent of the country's population of 15.8 million people. The Netherlands, which is approximately the size of the U.S. states Connecticut and Massachusetts combined, has an approximate average elevation of 11 meters (36 feet). The Netherlands ties Lemmefjord, Denmark for claim to the lowest point in Western Europe - Prince Alexander Polder lies at 23 feet (7 meters) below sea level.
There are not as many trees as on the mainland, but they do exist. Borkum (East Frisian Islands)
Es gibt Bäume nicht so viele wie auf dem Festland, aber es gibt sie. Borkum (Ostfriesische Inseln)
The west end dike separates calm water from ripples on Buffalo Bill Reservoir west of Cody. This photo was taken on Apri1 8. 2020 after sunset. Sheep Mountain lies the far side of the reservoir.
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