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View allAll Photos Tagged dewatering
The Löwenturm (Lion's Tower): Wishful thinking instead of research?
According to the information plate on that tower it was part of the 12th century city fortification built by Heinrich dem Löwen (Henry the Lion), who is neither the founder of Munich, despite such wrong statements in the English Wikipedia (and elsewhere); nor was Munich founded on June 14th, 1158. And this tower was neither built in the 12th century, nor was it part of any city wall.
Actual purpose and usage remains some sort of mystery, though:
Modern research showed that this 25 metres tall brick tower was located south (outside!) of the 12th century city walls and built in the 14th century, not the 12th century.
The tower features some oddities: It lacks a staircase and ground level access, access to each floor was only possible from the neighbouring buildings (destroyed in WWII). The merlons on top, giving the impression of a defensive battlement, are a late 19th century addition (in 1895, wishful thinking again...).
The tower was built directly above a now abandoned dewatering stream, the undecorated lower floors may therefore have been used pretty mundanely - as toilets. In contrast, the upper floors feature quite representative decorations from the 15th century.
© All Rights Reserved - you may not use this image in any form without my prior permission.
The Hogeveensemolen is a polder mill, which was built in 1654 by Bartholomeus Dirksz. Klinkenberg. Between 1866 and 1872, wooden parts were replaced by steel parts. These are the top axle, the paddle wheel and the rods.
The mill functions as an auxiliary pumping station for the Hogeveense polder. It is used for extreme flooding or if the main pumping station does not work. The polder to be drained has an area of 485 hectares and the head is 0.4 m.
To be less dependent on the wind during dewatering, the mill is also equipped with an electric motor. A mill with this drive is very rare and is therefore of great cultural-historical value.
Hearst Beach, North Coast, SLO County
These patterns are created by dewatering of the beach at low tide. During our walk, tide was at about minus 2.2 ft. The direction of water flow was from photo-top to bottom, and the little channels were around 15-18 in. (~45 cm) long. The channels are actually incised, but look raised from a well-known optical illusion. Which I was actually trying for ;-)
Paperelle appena "pescate".
Sono state estratte con una rete da una vasca che doveva essere svuotata con un'idrovora. Tenute al sicuro durante il lavoro sono state poi liberate e raggiunte da mamma papera che se le è riprese facendosi seguire fino a un vicino canale
History of "fished" ducks
Just "fished" ducks.
They were extracted with a net from a tank that had to be emptied with a dewatering pump. Kept safe during work, they were then released and joined by mother duck who took them back and they followed her to a nearby canal.
-- with the surf. Sand erosion by beach sand dewatering at low tide, about a negative half-foot (15 cm). Field of view is around 15 feet (4.5 meters) wide. Pretty cool photo, saith the photog... 😇
We're at Lighthouse Beach, just north of the old Piedras Blancas Light Station.
Taken at opposite ends of the Outer Barrier between Hodbarrow Nature Reserve and Haverigg.
The nature reserve occupies a site where iron ore was mined until the 1960s. The mining caused subsidence, leading to flooding since the closure of the mine, as the site is no longer dewatered. The reserve continues to be protected from the sea by a seawall built by John Aird & Co. and completed in 1905. Most of the area of the reserve is taken up by Hodbarrow Lagoon, a flooded part of the former mine, which is described as a "coastal lagoon".
Opmeer - De Vier Winden is a smock mill in Langereis’. The mill is built in 1891 for dewatering of the polder De Lage Hoek.
Opmeer - De Vier Winden is een poldermolen in Langereis. De molen is in 1891 gebouwd voor bemaling van de polder De Lage Hoek.
Thank you for visit and comment!
Wilde Kievitsbloem (Fritillaria meleagris) Picture taken in Zwolle. Netherlands.
Ecology & distribution
Wild Snake's Head Fritillary (Fritillaria meleagris) is a key species of the Snakes Head Fritillary association and occurs in moderately nutrient-rich grasslands with Alopecurus pratensis. This association grows mainly in floodplains where peat formation has taken place on top of a clay layer and where this package has been cut by a river. Wild Snake’s Head fritillary grows especially in those places where the competition of Alopecurus pratensis is less due to flooding. At Zwolle (Zwarte Water) the plant grew so numerous that the flowers were sold in scents. The species was previously not seen as a wild plant, but the natural location in floodplains is an argument against naturalization. Decline is mainly caused by the expansion of cities and business parks, as a result of which locations are lost. Other reasons are dewatering, fertilization and grazing. It takes eight years for the plant to flower from seed, which partly determines the vulnerability. The seeds float and are therefore dependent on periodic flooding for distribution.
Wilde kievitsbloem (Fritillaria meleagris) kensoort van de Kievitsbloem-associatie en komt voor in matig voedselrijke graslanden met Grote vossenstaart. Deze associatie groeit vooral in uiterwaarden en boezemlanden waar veenvorming heeft plaatsgevonden bovenop een kleilaag en waar dit pakket door een rivier is aangesneden. Wilde kievitsbloem groeit vooral op die plaatsen waar door overstromingen de concurrentie van Grote vossenstaart minder is. Bij Zwolle (Zwarte Water) groeide de plant zo talrijk dat de bloemen in ruikers werden verkocht. De soort werd vroeger niet als wilde plant gezien, maar de natuurlijke standplaats in uiterwaarden is een argument tegen verwildering. Achteruitgang wordt vooral veroorzaakt door de uitbreiding van steden en bedrijventerreinen waardoor standplaatsen verloren gaan. Andere redenen zijn ontwatering, bemesting en beweiding. Het duurt acht jaar voordat de plant uit zaad tot bloei komt, wat voor een deel de kwetsbaarheid bepaalt. De zaden blijven drijven en zijn voor de verspreiding dus afhankelijk van periodieke overstromingen.
Cloudy morning sky over the countryside with Cadia Valley Operations Dewatering Facility on the outskirts of Blayney in the Central West of NSW, Australia.
Strijkmolen I, one of the three windmills of Rustenburg, Noord-Holland (North Holland), Netherlands
Some background information:
With a population of 220, Rustenburg is just a little village that belongs to the municipality of Koggenland in North Holland. It is located between the cities of Alkmaar near the North Sea and Hoorn at the Markermeer. In 1573, it was first mentioned in a document. Today, it just consists of a main street, two side streets, a handful of residential houses and an inn.
However, Rustenburg is put on the map by its three windmills, the so-called Strijkmolens I, K and L. Seen from their construction, these windmills are clearly ground-sailers. That means, that their sails reach to the ground, which is rather comfortable for their operators, as the sails can be maintained and repaired just by climbing up from the ground. But on the other hand, ground-sailers are also more dangerous than windmills with sails above face value. Serious and even deadly accidents have already happened, because unmindful people were hit by one of the sails while looking elsewhere.
Ground-sailers belong to the main class of Dutch smock mills. Smock mills usually have a weatherboarded or thatched tower with six or even eight sides. They are topped with a roof or a cap that rotates to bring the sails into the wind.
Though, the Rustenburg ground-sailers are quite special as they belong to the subclass of strijkmolen (in English: "bow mills“). 14 strijkmolen were ever built in this region of the Netherlands of which just eight are still in existence, although none of them is still in operation (with regard to their initial purpose).
In the face of it, strijkmolens don’t differ from other ground-sailers. It’s their function that makes them different as their purpose was to transport water from one channel to another by their wind power. That’s why strijkmolens were pretty much dewatering pumps. One channel was emptied while another one was filled and water levels were balanced. Hence it’s hardly surprising that strijkmolens were usually located on strips of land between two channels.
The older two of the three still existing windmills of Rustenburg, Strijkmolens K and L, were built in 1627 and 1631. The younger one, Strijkmolen I, was built not before 1864 to replace its predecessor that had burnt down due to a stroke of lightning. In 1941, all Rustenburg windmills were no longer of any use for the water management of the area, as two complex systems of channels, ditches, lakes and basins, which previously needed the windmills to balance their water levels, were merged with each other.
In 2000, the three remaining windmills of Rustenburg passed into the ownership of the Schermer Molens Foundation, an organisation, whose goal is the preservation and restoration of its windmills. Meanwhile one of the three windmills of Rustenburg was converted into a museum, while the other two show signs of habitation. I don’t know if they are really inhabited, but it wouldn’t surprise me, as many Dutch windmills have already become cozy litte homes by now, while some others are still in operation.
PERTURBAZIONE IN UNA TRANQUILLA GIORNATA DI SETTEMBRE.
Più che temporale è stato un vero e proprio acquazzone: mezz’ora di pioggia fittissima che ha investito San Michele al Tagliamento, la pineta di Bibione e Lignano, mandando sott’acqua strade e marciapiedi.
In funzione pompe e idrovore per liberare garage e cantine dall'acqua.
Il maltempo improvviso è arrivato in concomitanza con l'alta marea:secondo i dati del Consorzio di Bonifica Veneto orientale tra le 9 e le 10 sono caduti tra i 50 e i 60 millimetri di pioggia a Bibione, un quantitativo ingentissimo (la media storica del comprensorio è di circa 1000 all'anno) che ha messo in crisi il sistema fognario urbano.
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PERTURBATION IN A QUIET DAY IN SEPTEMBER.
More than a storm it was a real downpour: half an hour of dense rain that hit San Michele al Tagliamento, the pine forest of Bibione and Lignano, sending streets and sidewalks underwater.
Pumps and dewatering pumps are in operation to free garages and cellars from water.
The sudden bad weather coincided with the high tide: according to the data of the Eastern Veneto Reclamation Consortium, between 9 and 10 am between 50 and 60 mm of rain fell in Bibione, a very large quantity (the historical average of the district is about 1000 per year) which has put the urban sewage system in crisis.
Immagine realizzata con lo smartphone HUAWEI MATE 20 PRO
Gnesta, Sweden.
Klämmingen is a lake in Gnesta municipality in Södermanland and is part of Trosaån's main catchment area. The lake is 36.5 meters deep, has an area of 9.99 square kilometers and is 9 meters above sea level. The lake is dewatered by the waterfall Trosaån (Wayraun).
The lake is located in a crack valley and its length is 12 kilometers from northwest to southeast and is in line with Frösjön.
Originally, Klämmingen together with Frösjön formed a sea bay.
Isaias Rodriquez (left) and Sam Wilson (right) move a nearly complete 12” (non-clog) trash handling pump down the assembly line for final assembly at Griffin Pump’s manufacturing plant in Houston, Texas prior to shipment to a municipality in the West Indies. For more information visit: www.griffinpump.com
Strijkmolens K and I, two of the three windmills of Rustenburg, Noord-Holland (North Holland), Netherlands
Some background information:
With a population of 220, Rustenburg is just a little village that belongs to the municipality of Koggenland in North Holland. It is located between the cities of Alkmaar near the North Sea and Hoorn at the Markermeer. In 1573, it was first mentioned in a document. Today, it just consists of a main street, two side streets, a handful of residential houses and an inn.
However, Rustenburg is put on the map by its three windmills, the so-called Strijkmolens I, K and L. Seen from their construction, these windmills are clearly ground-sailers. That means, that their sails reach to the ground, which is rather comfortable for their operators, as the sails can be maintained and repaired just by climbing up from the ground. But on the other hand, ground-sailers are also more dangerous than windmills with sails above face value. Serious and even deadly accidents have already happened, because unmindful people were hit by one of the sails while looking elsewhere.
Ground-sailers belong to the main class of Dutch smock mills. Smock mills usually have a weatherboarded or thatched tower with six or even eight sides. They are topped with a roof or a cap that rotates to bring the sails into the wind.
Though, the Rustenburg ground-sailers are quite special as they belong to the subclass of strijkmolen (in English: "bow mills“). 14 strijkmolen were ever built in this region of the Netherlands of which just eight are still in existence, although none of them is still in operation (with regard to their initial purpose).
In the face of it, strijkmolens don’t differ from other ground-sailers. It’s their function that makes them different as their purpose was to transport water from one channel to another by their wind power. That’s why strijkmolens were pretty much dewatering pumps. One channel was emptied while another one was filled and water levels were balanced. Hence it’s hardly surprising that strijkmolens were usually located on strips of land between two channels.
The older two of the three still existing windmills of Rustenburg, Strijkmolens K and L, were built in 1627 and 1631. The younger one, Strijkmolen I, was built not before 1864 to replace its predecessor that had burnt down due to a stroke of lightning. In 1941, all Rustenburg windmills were no longer of any use for the water management of the area, as two complex systems of channels, ditches, lakes and basins, which previously needed the windmills to balance their water levels, were merged with each other.
In 2000, the three remaining windmills of Rustenburg passed into the ownership of the Schermer Molens Foundation, an organisation, whose goal is the preservation and restoration of its windmills. Meanwhile one of the three windmills of Rustenburg was converted into a museum, while the other two show signs of habitation. I don’t know if they are really inhabited, but it wouldn’t surprise me, as many Dutch windmills have already become cozy litte homes by now, while some others are still in operation.
Klämmingen is a lake in Gnesta municipality in Södermanland and is part of Trosaån's main catchment area. The lake is 36.5 meters deep, has an area of 9.99 square kilometers and is 9 meters above sea level. The lake is dewatered by the waterfall Trosaån (Wayraun).
The lake is located in a crack valley and its length is 12 kilometers from northwest to southeast and is in line with Frösjön.
Originally, Klämmingen together with Frösjön formed a sea bay.
Klämmingen is a lake in Gnesta municipality in Södermanland and is part of Trosaån's main catchment area. The lake is 36.5 meters deep, has an area of 9.99 square kilometers and is 9 meters above sea level. The lake is dewatered by the waterfall Trosaån (Wayraun).
The lake is located in a crack valley and its length is 12 kilometers from northwest to southeast and is in line with Frösjön.
Originally, Klämmingen together with Frösjön formed a sea bay.
Klämmingen is a lake in Gnesta municipality in Södermanland and is part of Trosaån's main catchment area. The lake is 36.5 meters deep, has an area of 9.99 square kilometers and is 9 meters above sea level. The lake is dewatered by the waterfall Trosaån (Wayraun).
The lake is located in a crack valley and its length is 12 kilometers from northwest to southeast and is in line with Frösjön.
Originally, Klämmingen together with Frösjön formed a sea bay.
I decided to throw one last shot up tonight which was taken earlier this afternoon as the day was beginning to fade. It was sunny today but we had strong westerly winds which lowered the apparent temperature to about 20C which is cool for Brisbane during the day.
This shot is taken from Cabbage Tree Creek at Shorncliffe where it empties into Moreton Bay and despite the chill by this time of day, there were still a few intrepid fisher people about. But the local fish and chip shop was not doing the roaring trade it usually does at this time Saturday afternoon. Perhaps everyone had gone off to hotels for a drink at the bar now that Level 3 COVID restrictions have kicked in and more people are allowed to gather inside.
This view looks across towards the Port of Brisbane which sits on the other side of the Brisbane. Strangely, no ships could be seen in the visible part of the port this afternoon. No wonder we don't have as much merchandise from China in our shops right now.
You can also see a plane on finals for Runway 19 Left at Brisbane Airport. Talking about the airport, the white fence like construction on the right hand side is actually part of the approach lighting for the new runway near where the now erased suburb of Cribb Island (think Bee Gees) previously existed. Many thousands of tonnes of sand were originally pumped from the Bay and landed round in the river and pumped to the runway site. Once compacted and dewatered over several years, quite a lot of the sand had to be removed and was returned to Moreton Bay. They couldn't use the previous jetty as it had been removed for the construction of the new cruise ship terminal (lots going on hereabouts).
The new runway has been completed for several months now. Its opening was supposed to be a major event but COVID-19 has put paid to the full opening plan I believe. However, at long last and as planned the first official flight will take off next Sunday 12 July as Virgin Flight VA 781 to Cairns at 10.50am. Virgin has recently been sold and will slowly re-emerge from administration and COVID-19 restrictions but will remain based in Brisbane.
And finally, for those who follow any photographer of Brisbane, the sand on the other side of the creek is actually the far northern end of the "famous" Nudgee Beach, scene of many rather spectacular sunrises.
Gnesta, Sweden.
Klämmingen is a lake in Gnesta municipality in Södermanland and is part of Trosaån's main catchment area. The lake is 36.5 meters deep, has an area of 9.99 square kilometers and is 9 meters above sea level. The lake is dewatered by the waterfall Trosaån (Wayraun).
The lake is located in a crack valley and its length is 12 kilometers from northwest to southeast and is in line with Frösjön.
Originally, Klämmingen together with Frösjön formed a sea bay.
looks somehow like art, say a sculpture by Joan Miró, yet it's a device relating to a barrier of a dyke, don't know what it is good for
Sorry for my abscence lately, soooo much going on right now :)
technique/processing
No real HDR/DRI as in the last Niagara Falls Night Photo. As the colors were changing pretty fast, there simply wasn't enough time to capture different exposures of the same scene. I did however develop the raw file with different exposure values in ACR and did some manual exposure blending to lighten the shadows and 'defuse' the highlights a bit.
info
The American Falls is one of three waterfalls that together are known as Niagara Falls on the Niagara River along the Canada-U.S. border. Unlike the much larger Horseshoe Falls, which lies almost completely in Canada, the American Falls is completely within the U.S. state of New York.
The falls receive approximately 10% of the flow from Niagara River, with most of the rest going over Horseshoe Falls, from which it is separated by Goat Island. It has a straight line crest width of about 830 feet (250 m). If measured along the jagged lip of the falls, the crest is about 950 feet (290 m) long. The torrent of water passing over the crest of the falls is about 2 feet (0.61 m) deep.
The height of the American Falls ranges between 70 to 110 feet (21–34 m). This measurement is taken from the top of the Falls to top of the rock pile (talus). The height of the Falls from the top of the Falls to the river is 190 feet (58 m).
The falls are viewable from a steep angle on the American side, where it is possible to approach to within several meters of the edge of the falls. One can view the falls from the bank of the river, as well as on Goat Island and Luna Island, which are accessible by a pedestrian bridge that crosses the rapids of the Niagara river upstream from the falls. The falls are viewable head-on from the Canadian side in Niagara Falls, Ontario.
The ledge of the American Falls is shaped in a modified "W" form, caused by numerous rockfalls over the past 150 years which have resulted in the huge mound of rock at its base. The most notable recent rockfall occurred in 1954 with the collapse of Prospect Point to the north.
To survey the rockfall and determine how to prevent the falls from becoming a series of rapids, the US Army Corps of Engineers completely blocked the flow of water over the American Falls from June to November 1969. Results conflict as to whether tourist attendance that season was higher or lower than normal. Attendance increases were likely due to the news that the cataract was dried off; decreases in tourists could be attributed to the fact people thought both cataracts (the American and Horseshoe Falls) were dewatered that year. By December 1969, water was flowing over the American Falls again. In the mid-1970s, it was decided not to make alterations to the rock wall and remove the talus, citing the trend to allow nature to take its course.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Falls
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You can license my photos through Getty images
Geologic Conundrum: Kodachrome Basin is renowned (at least to geologists) because of it's sandstone pipes. No one really knows how they formed. The state park brochure (linked below) has a nice description of 3 potential origins. There are something like 67 of these pipes in the park. Why here and nowhere else I know of?
I selected this shot because it shows the top half is whitish which is the more resistant, jumbled sandstone. But the lower half is horizontally layered sandstone that isn't disrupted. So it's not a collapsed breccia pipe falling into a karst cavity. It's not a dewatering deformation. How did it form?
stateparks.utah.gov/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/K...
nl.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boterdorpse_Verlaat
Verlaat = 1) Drain 2) Drainage 3) Do not stay in lock 4) Small drainage sluice 5) Small lock 6) Small lock 7) Gully 8) Discharge installation 9) Premature 10) Dewatering lock 11) Place in the Netherlands 12) Place in the Netherlands 13 ) Place in North Holland 14) Sas 15) Schutsluis 16) Schutsluis 17) Sluis
Lake Klämmingen, Gnesta, Sweden.
Klämmingen is a lake in Gnesta municipality in Södermanland and is part of Trosaån's main catchment area. The lake is 36.5 meters deep, has an area of 9.99 square kilometers and is 9 meters above sea level. The lake is dewatered by the waterfall Trosaån (Wayraun).
The lake is located in a crack valley and its length is 12 kilometers from northwest to southeast and is in line with Frösjön.
Originally, Klämmingen together with Frösjön formed a sea bay.
The falls receive approximately 10% of the flow from Niagara River, with most of the rest going over Horseshoe Falls, from which it is separated by Goat Island. It has a straight line crest width of about 830 feet (250 m). If measured along the jagged lip of the falls, the crest is about 950 feet (290 m) long (but see coastline paradox). The torrent of water passing over the crest of the falls is about 2 feet (0.61 m) deep.
The height of the American Falls ranges between 70 to 110 feet (21–34 m). This measurement is taken from the top of the Falls to top of the rock pile (talus). The height of the Falls from the top of the Falls to the river is 188 feet (57 m).
The falls are viewable from a steep angle on the American side, where it is possible to approach to within several meters of the edge of the falls. One can view the falls from the bank of the river, as well as on Goat Island and Luna Island, which are accessible by a pedestrian bridge that crosses the rapids of the Niagara River upstream from the falls. The falls are viewable head-on from the Canadian side in Niagara Falls, Ontario.
The ledge of the American Falls is shaped in a modified "W" form, caused by numerous rock falls over the past 150 years which have resulted in the huge mound of rock at its base. The most notable recent rockfall occurred in 1954 with the collapse of Prospect Point to the north.
To survey the rockfall and determine how to prevent the falls from becoming a series of rapids, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers completely blocked the flow of water over the American Falls from June to November 1969. Results conflict as to whether tourist attendance that season was higher or lower than normal. Attendance increases were likely due to the news that the cataract was dried off; decreases in tourists could be attributed to the fact people thought both cataracts (the American and Horseshoe Falls) were dewatered that year. By December 1969, water was flowing over the American Falls again. In the mid‑1970s, it was decided not to make alterations to the rockwall and remove the talus, citing the trend to allow nature to take its course.
A little off my chosen route (on Spike island) this morning due to road closures and diversions in Bristol.
Stopped to put on some inner gloves. Time for the winter riding gear 6C when I left home.
Honda "Africa Twin" XRV750, first registered in 2000 - almost 100,000 miles and still going.
Spike Island is an inner city and harbour area of the English port city of Bristol, adjoining the city centre. It comprises the strip of land between the Floating Harbour to the north and the tidal New Cut of the River Avon to the south, from the dock entrance to the west to Bathurst Basin in the east. The island forms part of Cabot ward. The area between the Docks and New cut to the east of Bathurst Basin is in the neighbourhoods of Redcliffe and St Philip's Marsh.
Spike Island was created by William Jessop in the early 19th century, when he constructed the New Cut and converted the former course of the River Avon into the Floating Harbour. Until the Second World War, a lock connected Bathurst Basin with the New Cut, and Spike Island was a genuine island surrounded on all sides by water. However, fears that an aerial attack on this lock at low tide could lead to a disastrous dewatering of the docks led to the lock being filled in.
Historically, Spike Island was the site of working quays, shipyards, warehousing and other associated dockside industry. The Bristol Harbour Railway runs the length of the island, and formerly connected these working areas with the railway network. With the redevelopment of the docks, the Island has become an area popular with developers looking to create prime dock side housing such as Baltic Wharf, The Point and Perretts Court. There are also a few restaurants and popular pubs such as The Orchard Inn and The Cottage.
Other formerly dock-related buildings have become cultural venues or museums. These include:
Spike Island Artspace, a collective of artists' studios located in a former tea-packing factory
M Shed, the museum of Bristol, on the site of the former Bristol Industrial Museum, in a former dockside transit shed
Bristol Archives in B Bond Warehouse, a former tobacco warehouse
Brunel's SS Great Britain, preserved in the dry dock in which she was built
CREATE Centre, also in B Bond Warehouse, an ecological art exhibition and Ecohome
Zum Ende des 19. Jahrhunderts hatte Berlin rund 1,2 Millionen Einwohner. Immer wieder kehrende Epidemien veranlassten den Ingenieur James Hobrecht, unterstützt vom Arzt und Politiker Rudolf Virchow, in Berlin ein geschlossenes System zur Wasserversorgung zu entwickeln, welches auch die Ableitung und Reinigung des entstehenden Schmutzwassers auf Rieselfelder vor der Stadt bedachte. Dieses wurde von 1873 bis 1893 fertiggestellt.
Die Versickerungsflächen wurden lange Zeit intensivst landwirtschaftlich genutzt. Das Gut Hobrechtsfelde entstand. Es war eines von vielen Stadtgütern rund um Berlin, die für die Nahrungsversorgung der Großstadt sorgten. Ab 1985, mit der Inbetriebnahme eines modernen Klärwerks, wurden die Flächen nicht mehr als Rieselflächen benötigt. 1987 begann man mit dem Ausbau des Geländes zu einem Erholungsgebiet. Hundertausende Bäume und Büsche wurden gepflanzt. Aber die alten Abflussgräben entwässern den Boden noch immer. Es herrscht ein ausgesprochener Wassermangel. In drei Reinigungsteichen wird vorgereinigtes Wasser aus dem Klärwerk verrieselt. Nach der biologischen Reinigung fließt das Wasser zu den Feuchtgebieten und stabilisiert die Wasserstände.
By the end of the 19th century, Berlin had about 1.2 million inhabitants. Recurrent epidemics led the engineer James Hobrecht, supported by the phyiscian and politican Rudolf Virchow to design a self-contained water supply system incluting the discharge and purification of the waste water on sewage farms in the outskirts of the city. This system was built from 1873 to 1893. The fields irrigated with sewage were for a long time intensively used for agriculture, largely by estates owned by the City of Berlin though not within the city's boundaries. The City Estate of Hobrechtsfelde, named after the engineer, was one of many supplying food to Berlin's population. After the inauguration of a modern sewage treatment plant in 1985, the irrigation of the field with waste water was stopped. From 1987 onwards hundreds of thousands trees and bushes were planted, transforming the former fields into a recreational landscape. But the old drainage ditches are still existent, dewatering the soil and leading to a severe shortage of water. To tackle this problem, three purification ponds were built receiving pre-cleaned water from the near water treating plant of Schönerlinde. After the biological purification in thes ponds the water is channeled to the wetlands stabilising the water level.
Zum Ende des 19. Jahrhunderts hatte Berlin rund 1,2 Millionen Einwohner. Immer wieder kehrende Epidemien veranlassten den Ingenieur James Hobrecht, unterstützt vom Arzt und Politiker Rudolf Virchow, in Berlin ein geschlossenes System zur Wasserversorgung zu entwickeln, welches auch die Ableitung und Reinigung des entstehenden Schmutzwassers auf Rieselfelder vor der Stadt bedachte. Dieses wurde von 1873 bis 1893 fertiggestellt.
Die Versickerungsflächen wurden lange Zeit intensivst landwirtschaftlich genutzt. Das Gut Hobrechtsfelde entstand. Es war eines von vielen Stadtgütern rund um Berlin, die für die Nahrungsversorgung der Großstadt sorgten. Ab 1985, mit der Inbetriebnahme eines modernen Klärwerks, wurden die Flächen nicht mehr als Rieselflächen benötigt. 1987 begann man mit dem Ausbau des Geländes zu einem Erholungsgebiet. Hundertausende Bäume und Büsche wurden gepflanzt. Aber die alten Abflussgräben entwässern den Boden noch immer. Es herrscht ein ausgesprochener Wassermangel. In drei Reinigungsteichen wird vorgereinigtes Wasser aus dem Klärwerk verrieselt. Nach der biologischen Reinigung fließt das Wasser zu den Feuchtgebieten und stabilisiert die Wasserstände.
By the end of the 19th century, Berlin had about 1.2 million inhabitants. Recurrent epidemics led the engineer James Hobrecht, supported by the phyiscian and politican Rudolf Virchow to design a self-contained water supply system incluting the discharge and purification of the waste water on sewage farms in the outskirts of the city. This system was built from 1873 to 1893. The fields irrigated with sewage were for a long time intensively used for agriculture, largely by estates owned by the City of Berlin though not within the city's boundaries. The City Estate of Hobrechtsfelde, named after the engineer, was one of many supplying food to Berlin's population. After the inauguration of a modern sewage treatment plant in 1985, the irrigation of the field with waste water was stopped. From 1987 onwards hundreds of thousands trees and bushes were planted, transforming the former fields into a recreational landscape. But the old drainage ditches are still existent, dewatering the soil and leading to a severe shortage of water. To tackle this problem, three purification ponds were built receiving pre-cleaned water from the near water treating plant of Schönerlinde. After the biological purification in thes ponds the water is channeled to the wetlands stabilising the water level.
This picture depicts the colliery Robert Müser Shaft Gustav,in the front view, in Werne, a borough of Bochum.First commissioning 11.05.1929 and concluded 31. März 1968.
The colliery , Shaft Arnold and Gustav, is now used as mine drainage facilities for dewatering and ventilation shaft by the RAG Deutsche Steinkohle AG.
This used to be an enourmous bog with lots of rare plant-species. In the beginning of the 20th century it was dewatered and used for agriculture. Around that time people knew already that a unique area was lost for good. 80 Years later is no longer used for agriculture. The top soil is removed and it is an interesting nature site. I am really curious how this site will develop in the future. But the rare plant species will not come back. most of them are extinct in West Europe
This picture depicts the colliery Carolinenglück Shaft III in Hamme, a borough of Bochum.
Build and first commissioning of Shaft III in 1910-12 and concluded 31.05.1964.
The colliery Carolinenglück, is now used as mine drainage facilities for dewatering and
ventilation shaft by the RAG Deutsche Steinkohle AG.
The framework, called german-skeleton typ Zschetzsche, is under preservation of sites
of historic interest, because its the last one of his kind in the Ruhr areal.
Klämmingen is a lake in Gnesta municipality in Södermanland and is part of Trosaån's main catchment area. The lake is 36.5 meters deep, has an area of 9.99 square kilometers and is 9 meters above sea level. The lake is dewatered by the waterfall Trosaån (Wayraun).
The lake is located in a crack valley and its length is 12 kilometers from northwest to southeast and is in line with Frösjön.
Originally, Klämmingen together with Frösjön formed a sea bay.
It’s quite difficult to get decent shots of aircraft at the international terminal in Brisbane owing to security, parking and terminal layout issues. However, on one of our free train days last month, I managed to get this shot from the railway station of an Emirates A380-800 parked up at the back of the eastern end of the terminal waiting to operate the nightly service to its home state. Apologies to the enthusiasts, I didn’t capture its registration number. It’ll be on the apps.
Brisbane’s second parallel runway will open sometime next year, a massive project in Australian engineering terms that required hundreds of thousands of tonnes of sand to be dredged from Moreton Bay, much of which was returned once the compacting and dewatering process that took several years was completed. That runway is to the left and in front of this shot.
BNE/YBBN Brisbane, Queensland.
Klämmingen is a lake in Gnesta municipality in Södermanland and is part of Trosaån's main catchment area. The lake is 36.5 meters deep, has an area of 9.99 square kilometers and is 9 meters above sea level. The lake is dewatered by the waterfall Trosaån (Wayraun).
The lake is located in a crack valley and its length is 12 kilometers from northwest to southeast and is in line with Frösjön.
Originally, Klämmingen together with Frösjön formed a sea bay.
The old tow path of the Lancaster canal. The canal here was dewatered about 60 years ago. Fantastic to see that this public footpath is so well maintained, I just wish the canal was here too..
Between the late evening of 22 February and the early morning of 23 February 1979, 25 construction workers from Texas, constructing a naval base in the port of Char Bahar, were evacuated in the early morning hours by Kinkaid, and they were brought to the small island of Bahrain. This became known as the "Gulf of Aden/Yemen Indian Ocean Contingency Operation of 12/8/78 - 6/6/79". The crew of Kinkaid were awarded the Navy Expeditionary Medal and the Armed Forces Humanitarian Service Medal
In November 1989, Kinkaid and the Panamanian-registered freighter M/V Kota Petani were involved in a collision in the Strait of Malacca. The collision caused one death and 15 other casualties to the Kinkaid's crew, and US$15 million in damages to Kinkaid. She made Singapore under her own power for temporary repairs, then Subic Bay, Philippines, then San Diego for permanent repairs.
On 4 July 1993, Kinkaid paid a three-day port visit to Acajutla, marking the first visit by a United States warship to El Salvador in more than a dozen years. Kinkaid was then assigned to Destroyer Squadron 13 in San Diego and was, at the time, conducting two months of routine operations under the operational command of Joint Task Force Four, located in Key West, Florida. Kinkaid returned to San Diego in mid-August 1993
Kinkaid deployed on 10 November 1994, as part of the Constellation carrier battle group for a six-month deployment to the western Pacific, Indian Ocean and Persian Gulf. She spent most of December in the Western Pacific. With the Constellation carrier battle group, she entered the Persian Gulf, on 11 January 1995, and departed it on 23 March. The Constellation carrier battle group conducted several exercises during the deployment, including Beachcrest 95, a routine annual exercise that included air combat, air control and air-to-ground combat support training in designated areas on Okinawa and Ie Shima; Nautical Swimmer 95-2 and Nautical Artist 95-2, naval air and surface exercises intended to improve interoperability between forces of the United States and friendly Persian Gulf nations; Beacon Flash 95-1, a combined naval tactical air exercise to improve readiness with friendly Persian Gulf nations; Eager Archer 95-1, an air training exercise between units of CVW 2 and Kuwait that provided dissimilar air combat training, formal joint strike training and in-flight refueling training for the Kuwaiti air force; and Sharem 110, a United States anti-submarine warfare (ASW) training exercise in the Gulf of Oman involving several battle group units. The battle group also conducted exercises with units of the Royal Australian Navy off the coast of western Australia. Kinkaid made its seventh deployment and supported the battle group by performing the anti-submarine warfare mission
Kinkaid underwent a period of overhaul in June 1995. As a result of a reorganization of the Pacific Fleet's surface ships into six core battle groups and eight destroyer squadrons, Kinkaid was reassigned to Destroyer Squadron 21. The reorganization was scheduled to have been completed by 1 October 1995, with homeport changes to be completed within the next year.
In mid-1997, as part of the Nimitz carrier battle group, Kinkaid took part in Pacific Joint Task Force Exercise 97-2 (JTFEX 97-2). The exercise was conducted off the coast of southern California and also included units from the Air Force, Army and Japan. Nimitz, from 20 July through 24 July, then conducted a warfighting demonstration called Surge Exercise (SURGEX), during which it demonstrated the firepower of the carrier/airwing team and its ability to sustain continuous operations in support of forces ashore in the initial four days of a conflict when a deployed carrier might be the only asset available to provide such support. During the exercise, Comstock, Kinkaid and Ford practiced maritime interception operations. Kinkaid also escorted the civilian merchant ship Viking Serenade through the simulated "war zone".
Kinkaid then deployed as part of the Nimitz carrier battle group. After Western Pacific visits in Yokosuka, Japan, and Hong Kong, a planned visit to Singapore was canceled when Iraq violated a United Nations imposed "no fly" zone. With Nimitz directed to proceed to the region immediately to reinforce Operation Southern Watch operations, Kinkaid arrived in the Persian Gulf on 12 October after transiting the Strait of Hormuz.
During Nimitz's deployment in the Persian Gulf, Kinkaid was accused by Iran of spying on its military exercises. Kinkaid was, however, in port in Bahrain at the purported time Iran claimed the spying was taking place.
Kinkaid returned on 28 February 1998, from a six-month Persian Gulf deployment. During the deployment Kinkaid served as Tomahawk ready strike platform, helped enforce the no-fly zone in Southern Iraq and conducted maritime interception operations.
Kinkaid was part of the Constellation carrier battle group, as Constellation officially relieved Theodore Roosevelt in the Persian Gulf in September 1999. The Constellation carrier battle group then spent the next 10 weeks in the Persian Gulf and conducted maritime interception operation boardings as well as flew combat air patrols over the Iraqi no-fly zones in support of Operation Southern Watch. During the period, Kinkaid rescued the merchant vessel Sima Star, a container ship, from sinking 70 miles (110 km) off the coast of Bahrain after taking on over 40 tons of water. Kinkaid sailors dewatered the fully loaded container ship, which was listing 15 degrees to the port side. After seven hours of battling poor ventilation and flooding below decks, Kinkaid's rescue and assistance team was able to return the Sima Star to a five-degree list, allowing its crew to sail into Bahrain the following Monday morning for repairs. Kinkaid returned home on 17 December 1999, after a six-months deployment. During its 10-week patrol in the Persian Gulf region, the Constellation carrier battle group flew more than 5,000 casualty-free sorties, including nearly 1,300 in support of Operation Southern Watch. These flights included nine separate combat strikes and more than 43 tons of ordnance expended on various Iraqi air defense sites in response to Iraqi aggression against coalition aircraft.
Kinkaid began, on 15 March 2001, a scheduled six-month 2001 Western Pacific (WestPac) deployment while attached to the Constellation carrier battle group (CVBG) and Boxer Amphibious Ready Group (ARG). The entire battle group had trained the previous six months in preparation for this deployment through a series of increasingly challenging exercises and operations. These pre-deployment exercises culminated in February 2001 with the successful completion of Joint Task Force Exercise 01-1. Over the following six months, battle group ships conducted multi-national and joint operations with the navies of various allied countries and visit ports in Western Pacific and Persian Gulf nations. The ships and squadrons were scheduled to return home in September.
The United States Navy Surface Force was scheduled to begin, in the summer of 2002, an initiative to test the effectiveness of deploying a single ship for 18-months while swapping out crews at six-month intervals. Called Sea Swap, this initial two-phased initiative would involve three Spruance-class destroyers (DDs)—Fletcher, Kinkaid and Oldendorf, and three Arleigh Burke-class destroyers (DDGs)—Higgins, John Paul Jones, and Benfold. For the DD phase, Fletcher and her crew would deploy with their battle group this summer, but after six months, only the crew would return. The ship would remain deployed and be manned by the crew from Kinkaid. After completing their training cycle and decommissioning Kinkaid, these sailors would fly to a port in either Australia or Singapore to assume ownership of Fletcher and steam her back on-station. After six months, they would be replaced by the crew from Oldendorf who would have completed the same training and decommissioning schedule with their ship before flying out to relieve the Kinkaid crew. After four more months on station, the Oldendorf crew would then bring Fletcher back to the United States where it too would be decommissioned. Additionally, by executing this plan, the Navy would be able to eliminate the deployment of Paul F. Foster because the additional on-station time generated by swapping out the crews meant a ship would already be in theater meeting that requirement.
Kinkaid was decommissioned 7 January 2003 and placed at Pearl Harbor NISMF. Kinkaid was stricken 6 April 2004 and sunk during RIMPAC 2004 exercise as a target 14 July 2004 in the Pacific Ocean at 22°55′13.5″N 159°59′40.5″W in 2,548 fathoms (15,288 feet; 4,660 meters) of water.
Info from en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USS_Kinkaid
Name:USS Kinkaid
Namesake:Thomas C. Kinkaid
Ordered:1 June 1970
Builder:Ingalls Shipbuilding
Laid down:19 April 1973
Launched:25 May 1974
Acquired:1 June 1976
Commissioned:10 July 1976
Decommissioned:7 January 2003
In service:1976
Out of service:2003
Struck:6 April 2004
Motto:"Steadfast and True"
Nickname(s):Kinky-D
Fate:Sunk as a target 14 July 2004
Class and type:Spruance-class destroyer
Displacement:8,040 (long) tons full load
Length:529 ft (161 m) waterline; 563 ft (172 m) overall
Beam:55 ft (16.8 m)
Draft:29 ft (8.8 m)
Propulsion:4 × General Electric LM2500 gas turbines, 2 shafts, 80,000 shp (60 MW)
Speed:32.5 knots (60.2 km/h; 37.4 mph)
Range:
6,000 nautical miles (11,000 km; 6,900 mi) at 20 knots (37 km/h; 23 mph)
3,300 nautical miles (6,100 km; 3,800 mi) at 30 knots (56 km/h; 35 mph)
Complement:19 officers, 315 enlisted
Sensors and
processing systems:
AN/SPS-40 air search radar
AN/SPG-60 fire control radar
AN/SPS-55 surface search radar
AN/SPQ-9 gun fire control radar
Mk 23 TAS automatic detection and tracking radar
AN/SPS-65 Missile fire control radar
AN/SQS-53 bow mounted Active sonar
AN/SQR-19 TACTAS towed array Passive sonar
Naval Tactical Data System
Electronic warfare
& decoys:
AN/SLQ-32 Electronic Warfare System
AN/SLQ-25 Nixie Torpedo Countermeasures
Mark 36 SRBOC Decoy Launching System
AN/SLQ-49 Inflatable Decoys
Armament:
2 x 5 in (127 mm) 54 calibre Mark 45 dual purpose guns
2 x 20 mm Phalanx CIWS Mark 15 guns
1 x 8 cell ASROC launcher (removed)
1 x 8 cell NATO Sea Sparrow Mark 29 missile launcher
2 x quadruple Harpoon missile canisters
2 x Mark 32 triple 12.75 in (324 mm) torpedo tubes (Mk 46 torpedoes)
1 x 61 cell Mk 41 VLS launcher for Tomahawk missiles
Aircraft carried:2 x Sikorsky SH-60 Seahawk LAMPS III helicopters.