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Just playing around in my local village church of St Michaels in Great Cressingham, Norfolk, to see what I could come up with.
On EXPLORE - thank you
A small unique Mill, being only one of two combined Wind & Water Mills in Norfolk. The Windmill was built around 1821, although the water mill was operating earlier & was built around 1780.
The Pump House contains a separate waterwheel; this pumped water to Clermont Hall, a mile away.
The Mill ceased working by wind power in 1916 but continued with water & oil power until 1952.
After it fell into disrepair, Norfolk Windmills Trust took over the lease of the Mill in 1981 & a long term programme of repairs were embarked upon.
I have shot this church before but wanted to do a more intense HDR as never done one so this is the result. Thanks for all your comments and faves below previous shot.
The ruined west end makes this church rather interesting and leave an almost square nave and aisles.
Sort of surprised to see a homeless person's tent and belongings in a passageway under Cressingham gardens. Sad testament to the country today as this is a partial council run estate
St Andrew, Little Cressingham, Norfolk
The exterior is memorable, for the tower partly fell, taking out the west end of the nave and its aisles and leaving a truncated space wider than it is long. An elegant, characterful interior.
St Michaels Church, Great Cressingham. Just playing about photographing my local village church on a lovely spring day here in sunny Norfolk.
St Michaels Church, Great Cressingham. Just playing about photographing my local village church on a lovely spring day here in sunny Norfolk.
Service changes from 24th July saw route 19b extended beyond Lower Earley ASDA into Whitley; buses operate to The Maidens via Chalfont Way and Elm Road, then in a one-way loop via Cressingham Road, Northumberland Avenue and Hartland Road back to The Maidens. The route is now mostly interworked with route 9, which was itself rerouted via Earley Gate from the same date and is now effectively a variant of "the nineteens".
This has led to in increased midibus requirement, and to help out ADL Enviro200 no. 133 has lost its Greenwave fleetnames and is now operating in plain white alongside 132 and 133 on "the nineteens" (and route 9). It is seen at Reading Station on a wet Wednesday 9th August. Its place has been taken by a loaned Mercedes Sprinter minibus which operates 133's former journeys on the peak-hour route 63 between Mereoak Park & Ride and Green Park. Nos 132-4 were originally employed in Newbury on Vodafone contract work.
UPDATE: service changes from 4th September will see routes 19a/19c replaced by new route 12. This will interwork with routes 9 and 19b (to be renumbered 19) and the total requirement will be four vehicles, likely to be the refurbished ex-Stagecoach gas-powered Optare Solos, so it seems likely that the Enviro200s 131-134 will be sold.
arish church. Medieval and later. Flint with ashlar and some brick dressings. Lead, slate and pantile roofs. West tower; aisled nave with south porch; chancel. Mid C15 west tower designed by James Woderofe. Diagonal buttresses and a stair turret to north east. West doorway with dying mouldings, traceried spandrels and a traceried frieze above with letter 'M' alternating with blank shields. Tall 3-light panel-traceried window above. Clock face to second floor with cusped ogee-headed single-light windows to north and south. 2-light bell openings with cusped soufflets. Crenellated and blind-traceried parapet with corner finials. C15 south porch also by James Woderofe. Ashlar faced to south and west. Moulded entrance arch on shafted responds with niche above. Mutilated carving of St. Michael in niche. Flushwork plinth frieze of letter 'M'. Moulded south doorway with a late medieval 2-leaf door. South aisle with five 3-light panel-traceried windows. Similar north aisle with a blocked doorway of two hollow-chamfered orders. Eight fine 2-light clerestorey windows in Decorated style with multi-cusped soufflets. Chancel has eight 2-light windows with simple cusped tracery suggesting a late C13 date. Priest's doorway and blocked leper's window to south. Exceptional 5-light Perpendicular east window with staggered carved transoms, mouchettes and daggers. C13 clasping buttresses surmounted by grouped shafts, resembling late C12 and early C13 pier forms, themselves topped with pinnacles.
INTERIOR. 4-bay arcades of 1885 in Perpendicular style. Western responds, some polygonal bases and the south eastern respond survived the restoration. The south-west respond and bell capital are C13 with grouped shafts and a C14 or C15 heightening re-using the original deeply carved capital. Massive tower arch with mouldings dying into plain jambs. Hollow-chamfered chancel arch on triple shaft responds: the north respond and arch have been renewed. Restored C15 north aisle roof with roll-moulded principals. Hammberbeam nave roof with hammers to alternate principal trusses. Carved hammers and wooden wall post corbels representing angels, prophets and prelates. Wall plates with brattishing. Chancel with four bays of C13 wall arcading consisting of single, practically freestanding, shafts on water holding bases supporting deeply moulded bell capitals and very pointed plain chamfered arches. There is some evidence to suggest that these arcades were at least intended to open into aisles. Surviving rood stair to north which served also as a squint from north aisle. Fine C14 multi-cusped piscina. Jacobean panelling in south aisle and some late-Medieval poppy-head bench ends. Medieval brasses.
Reading Station during the evening peak of Monday 12th September, and two of Reading Buses' 35-strong fleet of gas-powered Scania/Enviro300 saloons reflect changes to the network that occurred a week earlier.
In front, leopard-liveried 426 operates a journey on the new route 10, which follows the 3 as far as Shinfield, School Green then serves the new housing developments on the eastern side of Spencers Wood. The 3 and 10 are co-ordinated as far as possible to provide a bus every 15 minutes (30 minutes evenings and Sundays) between Reading and Shinfield.
Behind, scarlet 9-liveried 413 operates the revised route 9, which now leaves Shinfield Road at Cressingham Road and operates in a large loop around the Whitley area, giving better links for the area to the Royal Berkshire Hospital. It no longer serves the lower section of Shinfield Road which is left to the enhanced leopard routes. It no longer serves Shinfield Park either, and although the destination display is changed to Whitley Wood to reflect this, the route branding has yet to be attended to! Instead, Monday-Friday morning departures from Reading Station on the leopard routes now call in to Shinfield Park, as do afternoon journeys towards Reading Station. The peak-hour non-stop journeys operated for Foster Wheeler employees, although otherwise unchanged, have been renumbered from X9 to X3 to fit the new service pattern.
With grateful acknowledgement to the Roll of Honour site, which provided the starting point for the information below. All information sourced from there is shown as (RoH)
www.roll-of-honour.com/Norfolk/CastleAcre.html
Ernest James Archer……………………………….......................................(RoH)
Private 32609. 7th Battalion East Surrey Regiment. Killed in action in France & Flanders on 20th November 1917. Aged 35. Born North Pickenham, Norfolk. Enlisted London. Son of James Tertius Archer and Sarah Ann Archer, of Castle Acre, Swaffham, Norfolk; husband of Ethel Elizabeth Archer, of "Olives, Shrewsbury Rd., Red Hill, Surrey. Commemorated: Cambrai Memorial, Louverval, Nord, France. Panel 6.
CWGC www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=1750838
No match on Norlink
There is no apparent match for an Ernest Archer of the right age or with a Norfolk connection on the Genes Re-united transcription of the 1901 Census for England and Wales. There is however a James and Sarah Ann Archer recorded at Bailey Street, Castle Acre. James is aged 45 and a Prudential Assurance Agent from Great Cressingham, while Sarah Ann is aged 47 and is from Saham Toney. The children recorded as living with them are Edgar Robert, (aged 14 and a Telegraph Messenger for the Post Office, born Ashill), Edwin George, (aged 10 and born Castle Acre), and Eleanor Hannah, (aged 4 and born Castle Acre).
On the high level search of the 1911 census, there is an Ernest of the right age born “ L Pickering” and now recorded in the Strand registration district.
The battalion took part in the battle of Cambrai, advancing from Gonnelieu through La Vacquerie on the 20th November. They were driven back on the 30th by the German counter-attack
1914-1918.invisionzone.com/forums/index.php?showtopic=116... 1917 surreys&fromsearch=1entry1111687
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Cambrai_(1917)
Henry James Askew DCM………………………………...................(RoH)
Serjeant 38229. 9th Battalion Norfolk Regiment. Killed in action in France & Flanders on 15th April 1918. Aged 36. Born Weasenham, Norfolk. Enlisted Norwich. Son of the late John and Emily Askew; husband of Mary Ann Askew, of 75, Pales Green, Castle Acre, King's Lynn, Norfolk. Awarded the Distinguished Conduct Medal. Commemorated: Tyne Cot Memorial, Zonnebeke, West-Vlaanderen, Belgium. Panel 34 to 35 and 162A.
CWGC www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=846448
No match on Norlink
Henry James is recorded on the 1901 Census as James. He is aged 19, born Weasenham and employed as an Agricultural Labourer. His address is just recorded as Weasenham. This is the household of his parents, John, (aged 47 and an Agricultural Labourer from East Dereham), and Frances, (aged 44 and from Weasenham). Their other cildren are:-
Anthony………………………aged 13.……………….born Weasenham
Charles……………………………aged 2 …………………born Weasenham
Herbert…………………………..aged 7.………………..born Weasenham
William…………………………..aged 10.……………….born weasenham
The 9th were moved to the Ypres salient on April 1st 1918 and moved to Dranoute on the 14th.
" Next day D and A companies were in front line, C in support and B in reserve. Arrangements had been made for C to counter attack if necessary but it's losses owing to the continuous heavy bombardment commencing at noon on the 15th necessitated B taking it's place as the counter attack force. At 2.30pm on the 15th the enemy advanced and by 3pm had gained a foothold in the front trenches. From these he was once again driven out by B company. Although B held the line and formed a defensive flank they were eventually themselves driven out due to their exposed position.
Line was then formed along the railway with the Ist Leicesters on their left at Clapham Junction. At 10.30pm they were moved back behind Mt Kemmel before being pulled out of line on the 18th.
This was after the 9th had been badly cut up a month before holding the masive German onslaught of the 21st March. Here they had fought a strong rearguard action before being moved out of line to for a refit in Sixte near Proven on the 26th.
1914-1918.invisionzone.com/forums/lofiversion/index.php/t...
Bernard Beck MC……………………………….........................................(RoH)
3rd Battalion The King's (Liverpool Regiment). Killed in action on 18th August 1916. Awarded the Military Cross. Buried: Flatiron Copse Cemetery, Mametz, Somme, France. Ref. I. B. 28.
CWGC www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=556258
No match on Norlink
Bernard is on the church memorial and not the village memorial, therefore at this time I must assume the information about the MC is correct, and therefore the correct individual has been identified.
There are 5 Bernard Beck’s on the 1901 Census, none with any obvious connections to East Anglia, let alone Castle Acre. Intriguingly, two are pupils at Boarding schools, so impossible to see if there are family ties to this area. Four of the five are on the 1911 census, still all well away from Norfolk. There is a Bernard Beck born circa 1909 at Tunstead, Norfolk, but this can hardly be the someone who died as a combatant in WW1.
There is also a Bernard Beck on the Weasenham Roll of Honour who is believed to be the Liverpool Regiment man.
www.breckland-rollofhonour.org.uk/weasenham.html
However, the link is finally made clear by the Kings Lynn Roll of Honour page.
Lieutenant (Temporary Captain). 3rd attached 4th Liverpool Regiment. Awarded the Military Cross, London Gazette, 25/8/1916: 'For conspicuous gallantry during operations. Under heavy fire he established and maintained for six hours communications between the front line and the H.Q.'s of an infantry brigade.' Killed in action France 18/8/1916. Flat Iron Copse cemetery, Mametz, I.B. 28 Note: until 2000 his headstone did not show the award of the M.C., this has since been corrected.
Born Winton Lodge, Leyton Court Road, Streatham, 13/6/1890, son of Harry, a wine merchant, and Julia Beck. He was well known for his interests in farming and held High House Farm, Weasenham. Married Enid Brown, of King's Lynn, and had one child. His wife subsequently remarried, to Mr. Neill, and emigrated to Australia on 26/9/1919.
Enlisted in the 8th Reserve Cavalry Regiment, 24/8/1914, this unit was affiliated to the 16th and 17th Lancers and he is noted as being 6462, Private, 16th Lancers.
Commissioned 15/10/1914. To the Western Front, June, 1915. He was acting second in command of his battalion when he was killed. Death notified by telegram 23/8/1916.
His service papers are at the National Archive (WO339/29583).
Also named on All Saints Church, South Lynn, Memorial Window
www.roll-of-honour.com/Norfolk/KingsLynn.html
John Blowers………………………………...................................(RoH)
Private 3/10310. 9th Battalion Norfolk Regiment. Killed in action in France & Flanders on 15th September 1916. Aged 40. Born Sporle, Norfolk. Enlisted Norwich. Son of Mrs. Maria Blowers; husband of Ethel Mary Blowers, of 40, Broad Meadow Common, Castle Acre, King's Lynn, Norfolk. Commemorated: Thiepval Memorial, Somme, France. Pier and Face 1 C and 1 D.
CWGC www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=766296
No match on Norlink
There isn’t a likely match on the 1901 Census and even on the 1911 Census, we have a “30 year old” John Blowers rather than the 34/35 year old we‘d expect. This John Blowers was born Sporle, and is now recorded in the Freebridge District, the District which covers Castle Acre.
Going back to the 1891 Census makes things a little clearer. The John Blowers from Sporle is aged 14, and resident at The Street, Sporle and employed as an Agricultural Labourer. This is the household of his parents, James, (aged 62 and an Agricultural Labourer from Sporle), and Maria, (aged 57 and from Scarning). Their other children are Jane, (aged 11), and Leonard, (aged 8), both from Sprole.
15th September 1916
On September 15th the 1st Leicesters and the 9th Norfolks attacked a German strongpoint called the Quadrilateral in the region of Flers. The attack was originally planned to include 3 tanks in support but two broke down before zero hour and the third was disabled at the start of the advance.
At zero hour the leading companies ("D" & "B") moved off at a steady pace, advancing in four lines at 30 paces interval, the supporting companies ("C" & "A") following in the same formation 300 yards in the rear, and the enemy at once opened a heavy machine gun fire.
The Battalion suffered heavily from the machine gun fire and was held up by the undamaged wire in the front of a German trench, leading from the North West corner of the Quadrilateral, the existence of which was not known. Despite having dug in overnight the Battalion was forced to withdraw the next day having lost 14 officers and 410 other ranks killed, wounded or missing.
www.whitwick.org.uk/history/regulars.htm
See John William Green below, who died in the same action.
Algier Buckenham……………………………….......................................(RoH)
Lance Corporal 21274. 8th Battalion Border Regiment. Formerly 19076 Norfolk Regiment. Killed in action in France & Flanders on 5th July 1916. Born North Pickenham, Norfolk. Lived Swaffham. Enlisted Norwich. Commemorated: Thiepval Memorial, Somme, France. Pier and Face 6 A and 7 C.
CWGC www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=766146
No match on Norlink
The 10 year Algier, (born South Pickenham), is recorded on the 1901 Census at Place Farm Cottages, Great & Little Snarehill, near Thetford. This was the household of his parents, Frederick Buckenham, (aged 47 and an Agricultural Labourer from Great Cressingham) and Charlotte, (aged 47 and also from Great Cressingham). Their other children are:-
Ada………………aged 12.…………born Great Cressingham
Archer………….aged 8.……………born East Winch
Bessie………….aged 3.……………born East Winch
Frederick……..aged 27.…………born Great Cressingham..Single..Housekeeper on Farm
Harry…………..aged 21.…………born Great Cressingahm..Single..Agricultural Labourer
Jesse…………..aged 26.…………born Great Cressingham…Single..Cattleman on Farm
William John..aged 17.………..born Great Cressingham…Single..Agricultural Labourer
Making up the household is the Buckenham’s grandson, Thomas Buckenham, (aged 4, born East Winch). The 1911 census also refers to Algier being born at South Pickenham, and he is by now recorded on the District that covers Castle Acre. Also resident in the same district are Jesse, William John, Archer and Bessie.
I can find information on the Brigade of which Algier’s 8th Borders was a part being in action on the 3rd, but nothing major on the 5th - I can only assume this was part of holding the little that had been gained so far in the battle of the Somme.
North of Ovillers, the 32nd Div reinforced by 75 Bde of 25th Div attacked the Leipzig Redoubt near Authuille Wood. There was utter confusion over start times and the 32nd Div attack consisted of only two companies of the Highland Light Infantry. After two attempts no gains were made.
forum.irishmilitaryonline.com/showthread.php?t=9058
Hugh T Buxton………………………………...........................(RoH)
Probably: Private 43881. 14th Battalion Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders. Died of wounds in France & Flanders on 8th October 1918. Born and enlisted Norwich. Buried: Haringhe (Bandaghem) Military Cemetery, Poperinge, West-Vlaanderen, Belgium. Ref. III. A. 40.
CWGC www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=93599
No match on Norlink
The 1911 Census has a 13 year old Hugh, born Swafield and now resident in the Freebridge District which includes Castle Acre. Although I have limited access to this, the family seems to consist of:-
James……….aged 46/born circa 1865 at Sparham
Sarah………..aged 45/born circa 1866 at Elsing
Ernest……….aged 19/born circa 1892 at Sparham
Arthur……….aged 15/born circa 1896 at Sparham
Stanley……..aged 5/born circa 1906 at Castle Acre
Allen………….aged 3/born circa 1908 at Castle Acre
The Genes Re-united site also confirms that’s the CWGC individual from the Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders and shown as H T in their records, is in fact a Hugh T.
The 14th Division, of which this battalion was part, lists amongst its battle honours
Battle of Ypres. 28 Sep-2 Oct 1918
www.warpath.orbat.com/divs/14_div.htm
Sydney G Buxton………………………………...................................(RoH)
Probably: Sidney George Buxton. Private 21399. 2nd Battalion Northumberland Fusiliers. Formerly 18866 West Yorkshire Regiment. Died in the Mediterranean Theatre of war on 10th September 1916. Born Elsing, Norfolk. Enlisted York. Commemorated: Doiran Memorial, Greece.
CWGC www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=1648984
No match on Norlink
Np obvious match on the 1901 Census, but the 1911 Census includes a George Buxton living at Castle Acre. He was born circa 1881 at East Barham. On the 1891 Census the 10 year old old George A, (born Walsingham, Fakenham),can be found at Waterhouse Cottage, Birmingham Terrace, Walsingham, This is the household of his parents, Alfred A. (aged 35 and a Horse Team Man) and Caroline, (age n\k from Saxingham).
September 10 1916 the Struma, which had served as a line of defence, was crossed by General Milne's troops both south and north of Lake Tachinos. Between the Lake and the Gulf of Orfano they occupied the " New Village " (Neokhori or Yeni Kioi). To the north they crossed at various points between Lake Butkovo and Lake Tachinos. Some small villages were occupied, and the Northumberland Fusiliers drove the Bulgarians out of Nevoljen, inflicting severe losses on the enemy The British troops subsequently withdrew as pre- arranged. Five days later the offensive was renewed. British forces seized the villages of Kato (or Lower) Ghoudheli, Jami Mah, Ago Mah and Komarian, and burnt them to the ground.
www.dublin-fusiliers.com/salonika/1916-birdcage.html
In a report in the London Gazette, it notes the Northumberlands, “lost heavily during their retirement and subsequent counter-attack, They also suffered severely from our artillery fire in attempting to follow our pre-arranged movements to regain the right bank of the river”
London Gazette Supplement for the 6th December 1916.
www.london-gazette.co.uk/issues/29851/supplements/11932/p...
John Daws……………………………….............................................(RoH)
Probably: John Daws. Private 240035. 1st/5th Battalion Norfolk Regiment. Died in Palestine on 19th April 1917. Born Shipdham, Norfolk. Enlisted Swaffham. Commemorated: Buried Jerusalem Memorial. Panels 12 to 15.
CWGC www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=1644940
No match on Norlink
There is no obvious match on the 1901 Census, but the high-level search of the 1911 Census throws up a 20 years old John. Born Shipdham, and recorded in the District of Freebridge, (which covers Castle Acre).
There are 22 Daws, including John, recorded in this District with most being born either Great Massingham or Shipdham.
19th April 1917 During the 2nd Battle of Gaza,
Facing the Tank Redoubt was the 161st Brigade of the 54th Division. To their right were the two Australian battalions (1st and 3rd) of the Imperial Camel Corps Brigade who had dismounted about 4,000 yards from their objective. As the infantry went in to attack at 7.30am they were joined by a single tank called "The Nutty" which attracted a lot of shell fire. The tank followed a wayward path towards the redoubt on the summit of a knoll where it was fired on point blank by four field guns until it was stopped and set alight in the middle of the position.
The infantry and the 1st Camel Battalion, having suffered heavy casualties on their approach, now made a bayonet charge against the trenches. About 30 "Camels" and 20 of the British infantry (soldiers of the 5th (territorial Battalion of the Norfolk Regiment) reached the redoubt, then occupied by around 600 Turks who immediately broke and fled towards their second line of defences to the rear.
The British and Australians held on unsupported for about two hours by which time most had been wounded. With no reinforcements at hand and a Turkish counter-attack imminent, the survivors endeavoured to escape back to their own lines.
To the right (west) of Tank Redoubt, the 3rd Camel Battalion, advancing in the gap between two redoubts, actually made the furthest advance of the battle, crossing the Gaza-Beersheba Road and occupying a pair of low hills (dubbed "Jack" and "Jill"). As the advances on their flanks faltered, the "Camels" were forced to retreat to avoid being isolated.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Battle_of_Gaza
More than a thousand one hundred of the men of the 54th posted killed wounded or missing were from the two Norfolk regiment battalions, equating to 75% of their strength. Eastern Daily Press "Sunday" section May 5, 2007
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Battle_of_Gaza
George Ellis……………………………….............................................(RoH)
RoH believes possibly : Private 9194. 7th Battalion Norfolk Regiment. Died in France & Flanders on 5th October 1915. Born Great Hockham, Norfolk. Enlisted Norwich. Buried: Bethune Town Cemetery, Pas de Calais, France. Ref. IV. E. 91.
CWGC www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=62798
but see Census details below
No match on Norlink
The 1901 Census has a 7 year old George, born Hockham, recorded at 12 Shropham Road, Hockham. This is the household of his parents, George, (aged 38 and a Carter on an estate timber yard, from Ashill), and Emily, (aged 37 and from Hockham). Their other children are:-
Charles………….aged 17.….born Hockham..Labourer on farm
Frederick……….aged 4.……born Hockham
Jane……………….aged 9.…..born Hockham
John W……………aged u/1...born Hockham
However, when I check for a location on the 1911 census, the Hockham born George is recorded in the district of Wayland, while the entry above it is for a George H Ellis, born circa 1895 at Coston, Norfolk, and now resident in the Freebridge District, which covers Castle Acre. There is no obvious match for George H. in the CWGC database - the five individuals concerned all have no additonal details or even age.
George H. is recorded on the 1901 census at Weston Street, Market Weston, Suffolk. This is the household of his parents, Edward, (age 28 and a Gardener Domestic from Necton), and Maria, (aged 28 and from Hardingham). They have four other children, Ellen, (aged 2, born Market Weston), Gordon, (aged 3, born Coston), John, (aged u/1, born Market Weston) and Reginald, (aged 5, born Coston)
John William Green………………………………...................................(RoH)
Private 19115. 9th Battalion Norfolk Regiment. Killed in action in France & Flanders on 15th September 1916. Aged 27. Born Castle Acre. Enlisted Shoreham, Sussex. Son of Mrs. Rebecca Green, of I, Pales Green, Castle Acre, King's Lynn, Norfolk. Commemorated: Thiepval Memorial, Somme, France. Pier and Face 1 C and 1 D.
CWGC www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=787283
No match on Norlink
The 12 year old John, born Castle Acre), is recorded on the 1901 Census at Pales Green Cottages, Castle Acre. His occupation is listed as “with Bricklayer”. This is the household of his parents, William, (aged 58 and a Gardener Domestic from Stiffkey), and Rebecca, (aged 52 and a Sewing Domestic from West Lexham (?)). Also living with them is another son, Henry, (aged 17 and a General Farm Labourer from Castle Acre). John doesn’t readily appear to be on the 1911 Census.
15th September 1916
On September 15th the 1st Leicesters and the 9th Norfolks attacked a German strongpoint called the Quadrilateral in the region of Flers. The attack was originally planned to include 3 tanks in support but two broke down before zero hour and the third was disabled at the start of the advance.
At zero hour the leading companies ("D" & "B") moved off at a steady pace, advancing in four lines at 30 paces interval, the supporting companies ("C" & "A") following in the same formation 300 yards in the rear, and the enemy at once opened a heavy machine gun fire.
The Battalion suffered heavily from the machine gun fire and was held up by the undamaged wire in the front of a German trench, leading from the North West corner of the Quadrilateral, the existence of which was not known. Despite having dug in overnight the Battalion was forced to withdraw the next day having lost 14 officers and 410 other ranks killed, wounded or missing.
www.whitwick.org.uk/history/regulars.htm
See John Blowers above, who died in the same action
Lewis Green……………………………….............................................(RoH)
No further information available at present on RoH.
Possibly
Name: GREEN, LEWIS
Rank: Private Regiment/Service: Lincolnshire Regiment Unit Text: 1st Bn.
Date of Death: 16/06/1915 Service No: 16215
Grave/Memorial Reference: Panel 21. Memorial: YPRES (MENIN GATE) MEMORIAL
CWGC www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=907731
Or a 1st Battalion Norfolks Man, (down as L Green but Genes Reunited confirms he was a Lewis in their copy of the Index of War Deaths)
www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=450340
No match on Norlink
There are no clear candidates on either the 1901 or 1911 census, although there are 4 with Norfolk connections out of over a potential 40+ matches
Robert William Green………………………………..........................(RoH)
Private 11760. 2nd Battalion King's Own Scottish Borderers. Killed in action in France & Flanders on 5th February 1915. Aged 19. Born and lived Castle Acre. Enlisted Norwich. Son of Fredrick George and Amelia Elizabeth Green, of Castle Stile, Castle Acre, Norfolk. Buried: R.E. Farm Cemetery, Heuvelland, West-Vlaanderen, Belgium. Ref. II. B. 6.
CWGC www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=102464
No match on Norlink
The 6 year old Robert W, born Castle Acre, is recorded on the 1901 census at Newton Road, Castle Acre. This is the household of his parents, Frederick, (aged 28 and a Farm Labourer from Castle Acre), and Amelia, (aged 27 and from Swaffham). They lived next door to the family of William, (listed below)
William James Green…………………….........................(RoH)
Private 20502. 1st Battalion Essex Regiment. Formerly 16912 Norfolk Regiment. Killed in action in Gallipoli on 6th August 1915. Aged 21. Born and lived Castle Acre. Enlisted Norwich. Son of Arthur and Harriett Green, of Newton Rd., Castle Acre, King's Lynn, Norfolk. Commemorated: Helles Memorial, Turkey. Panel 144 to 150 or 229 to 233.
CWGC www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=693846
No match on Norlink
The 6 year old William, born Castle Acre, is recorded on the 1901 Census at Newton Road, Castle Acre. This is the household of his parents, Arthur J, (aged 30 and a Farm Labourer from West Acre), and Harriet, (aged 28 and from Castle Acre). Their other children are Hanah, (aged 8) and Susannah, (aged 10), both born Castle Acre.
They lived next door to the family of Robert, (listed above).
6th August 1915
Sir Ian Hamilton’s Third Gallipoli dispatch
At Helles the attack of the 6th was directed against 1,200 yards of the Turkish front opposite our own right and right centre, and was to be carried out by the 88th Brigade of the 29th Division. Two small Turkish trenches enfilading the main advance had, if possible, to be captured simultaneously, an affair which was entrusted to the 42nd Division. After bombardment the infantry assaulted at 3.50 p.m. On the left large sections of the enemy's line were carried, but on our centre and right the Turks were encountered in masses, and the attack, pluckily and perseveringly as it was pressed, never had any real success. The 1st Battalion, Essex Regiment, in particular forced their way into the crowded enemy trench opposite them, despite the most determined resistance, but, once in, were subjected to the heaviest musketry fire from both flanks, as well as in reverse, and were shattered by showers of bombs.
www.1914-1918.net/hamiltons_gallipoli_despatch_3.html
Geoff’s Search Engine on the CWGC database returns details of 240 1st Essex men who died on this day.
Edgar Starr Grimes…………………….............................(RoH)
Lance Corporal A/201098. 8th Battalion King's Royal Rifle Corps. Died of wounds in France & Flanders on 28th August 1917. Born Pentney, Norfolk. Lived Swaffham. Enlisted Holborn, Middlesex. Buried: Lijssenthoek Military Cemetery, Poperinge, West-Vlaanderen. Ref. XVIII. C. 17A.
CWGC www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=144351
During the First World War, the village of Lijssenthoek was situated on the main communication line between the Allied military bases in the rear and the Ypres battlefields. Close to the Front, but out of the extreme range of most German field artillery, it became a natural place to establish casualty clearing stations. The cemetery was first used by the French 15th Hopital D'Evacuation and in June 1915, it began to be used by casualty clearing stations of the Commonwealth forces.
www.cwgc.org/search/cemetery_details.aspx?cemetery=14900&...
No match on Norlink
The 18 year old Edgar, born Pentney and a Private in the Norfolk Militia, is recorded on the 1901 Census at River Yard, Castle Acre. This is the household of his parents, Ridchard, (aged 45 and an Ordinary Agricultural Labourer from Heacham), and Emma, (aged 38 and from Pentney). Their other children are:-
Daisy……………….aged 13.………born Sporle
Thomas…………….aged 2.………..born Castle Acre
Vilo (Daughter)...aged 9.…………born Caste Acre
Walter Hamblin………………………………..........................(RoH)
Private 21337. 8th Battalion Border Regiment. Formerly 18660 Norfolk Regiment. Died in France & Flanders on 9th July 1916. Born Barnett (sic) Norfolk. Lived Castle Acre. Enlisted Norwich. Buried: Le Cateau Military Cemetery, Nord, France. Ref. IV. A. 7.
CWGC www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=594896
No match on Norlink
There is no obvious match on the 1901 Census, and given the information from the RoH site, the only likely match is a Norman Hamblin, born Barney circa 1893 and now recorded in the District of Walsingham.
There is a Walter and a Norman Hamblin recorded on the Great Snoring memorial
www.the-snorings.co.uk/info/GSwarmems.html
The RoH site for Great Snoring advises that the Walter Hamblin who was in the Border Regiment died of wounds whilst a Prisoner of War.
www.roll-of-honour.com/Norfolk/GreatSnoring.html
Walter Harrison………………………………..........................(RoH)
Private 23155. 7th Battalion Border Regiment. Formerly 18661 Norfolk Regiment. Killed in action in France & Flanders on 16th September 1917. Lived Newton-by-Castle Acre. Enlisted Norwich. Buried: Brown's Copse Cemetery, Roeux, Pas de Calais, France. Ref. IV. B. 61.
CWGC www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=567758
No match on Norlink
The 18 year old Walter, born Castle Acre and a Farm Labourer, is recorded on the 1901 census at St James Green, Castle Acre. This is the household of his parents, James, (aged 60 and a Farm Labourer from Castle Acre) and Elizabeth, (aged 59 and from Castle Acre). James and Elizabeth also have a grand-daughter living with them, Alice E Clarke, aged 7 and from Castle Acre.
I can’t find any evidende of the 17th Division, of which the 7th Battalion was a part, being engaged in the Battle of Passchendaele at this time, although they list the October battles as part of the Divisional battle honours
Alan William Heywood………………............................(RoH)
Private 31575. 20th Battalion Lancashire Fusiliers. Killed in action in France & Flanders on 21st August 1916. Born Castle Acre. Enlisted Haslingden, Lancs. Husband of Sarah May Heywood of 64 Rumbold Street, Duphill, Rochdale. Commemorated: Thiepval Memorial, Somme, France. Pier and Face 3 C and 3 D.
CWGC www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=791571
No match on Norlink
The 17 year old Alan, (born Castle Acre and now employed as an Agricultural Labourer) is recorded on the 1901 Census at Abbey Farm House, Castle Acre. This is the household of his grand-father, Robert Addison, (aged 70 and a Clerk to the Parish Council and Caretaker at the Abbey. Robert has his 44 year old daughter, Bertha Addison living with him as Housekeeper and also employed as a Caretaker at the Abbey. There are a further two grandchildren living with Robert - Ella Addison, (aged 11) and Rosalie Addison, (aged 14) - both born Castle Acre. On the 1891 census there is a 7 year old A W Heywood recorded, who was born Castle Acre and was then living in the household of his grandfather, Robert Addison, aged 60 and described as Parish Clerk and Engine Driver at Post Office Street, Castle Acre. Bertha, Ella and Rosalie are all present, as is Robert’s wife Ruth who was then aged 60.
The Division of which the 20th Lancashire’s were part were certainly in action on this day, but I can’t find any clear reference to them being involve.
Herbert Howard…………………………............................(RoH)
Private 8/21354. 8th Battalion Border Regiment. Formerly 19078 Norfolk Regiment. Killed in action in France & Flanders on 28th May 1916. Aged 31. Born Barmesh (sic) Norfolk. Lived Swaffham. Enlisted Norwich. Son of the late William and Sarah Maria Howard. Born at Barmer, Fakenham, Norfolk. Buried: Ecoivres Military Cemetery, Mont-St. Eloi, Pas de Calais, France. Ref. II. E. 14.
CWGC www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=65458
No match on Norlink
1911 Census has a 25 year old Howard, born Barmer and now recorded in the District of Freebridge, which covers Castle Acre. There is no obvious match on the Genes Re-united transcription of the 1901 Census for England and Wales.
On the 1891 Census, the 5 year old Herbert, (born Barmer), is recorded at Hibbard Farm, Rudham Road, Helhoughton. This is the household of his parents, William, (age 36 and an Agricultural Labourer from Honingham) and Sarah, (aged 37 and from Dunham). Their other children are:-
William…………aged 11.………..born East Radham….Agricultural Labourer
George…………..aged 9.………..born East Bilney
Edith…………….aged 8.…………..born Barmer
Amy……………….aged 5.…………born Barmer
Frederic (?)…..aged 10 months……born Barmer
Update 4th May 2024…………
There are surviving service records for Herbert which I will need to check.
On the 1911 Census of England & Wales the 25 year old Herbert Howard, an unmarried Farm Labourer, born Barmer, Norfolk, was recorded living at St James Green, Castleacre. This was the household of his parents William, (aged 56, an Agricultural Traction Engine Driver, born East Rudham, Norfolk), and Sarah, (57, born East Bilney, Norfolk). The couple state they have been married 32 years and the union has produced 7 children, all then still alive. The only other child living with them is a 14 year old daughter, Alice, born Weasenham St. Peters, Norfolk.
From the Battalion War Diary.
“28th May 1916- Our front line & support line trenches were subjected to Artillery fire and mortars for the greater part of the day our casualties 1 man of A Coy wounded, 6 wounded & 2 killed in B Coy and 1 wounded in D coy.”
Lewis Hudson………………………………............................(RoH)
Private 5221. 5th Battalion Lincolnshire Regiment. Killed in action in France & Flanders on 14th October 1916. Born and lived Castle Acre. Enlisted Norwich. Buried: Berles Position Military Cemetery, Pas de Calais, France. Ref. B. 7.
CWGC www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=557731
No match on Norlink
The 11 year old Lewis, (born Castle Acre), can be found on the 1901 Census at Bailey Street, Castle Acre. This is the household of his parents, Herbert, (aged 40 and an Agricultural Labourer from Pentney), and Hannah, (aged 37 and from Mileham). Their other children are:
George………….aged 1.…born Castle Acre
Robert…………..aged 15.born Narborough…Agricultural Labourer
Ruth………………aged 5...born Castle Acre
Thomas…………aged 8...born Castle Acre (see below)
The battalion spent the rest of the summer and much of the autumn holding trenches in the Foncquevillers and Monchy areas. In October 1916, A Company carried out a successful night raid on the German trenches, having received special training beforehand.
www.investigations.4-lom.com/2007/01/17/berlin-by-christmas/
Thomas Hudson……………………………….......................(RoH)
Private 20870. 1st Battalion Essex Regiment. Formerly 17796 Norfolk Regiment. Killed in action in France & Flanders on 22nd November 1916. Born and lived Castle Acre. Enlisted Norwich. Buried: Guards' Cemetery, Lesboeufs, Somme, France. Ref. VII. Q. 9.
CWGC www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=543082
No match on Norlink
See Lewis Hudson above for family details
William Walter Long……………….................................(RoH)
Private 2969. 1st/5th Battalion Norfolk Regiment. Killed in action in Gallipoli on 6th September 1915. Aged 19. Enlisted East Dereham. Son of Frederick and Charlotte Long of Stocks Green, Castle Acre, King's Lyn, Norfolk. Commemorated: Helles Memorial, Turkey. Panel 42 to 44.
CWGC www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=75194985
No match on Norlink
The 5 year old William, (born Castle Acre), can be found on the 1901 Census at Stocks Green Bake House, Castle Acre. This is the household of his parents, Frederick, (aged 46 and a Baker from Spooner Row), and Charlotte, (aged 44 and from Little Fransham). Their other children are:
Ellen……………aged 12.………….born Castle Acre
Henry………….aged 7.……………born Castle Acre
Maria…………..aged 14.…………born Castle Acre…Mother’s Help
Following heavy losses - first in combat and then from the effects of illness, by the start of September the 1/4th and 1/5th were fighting effectively as one unit. An officer of the 1/4th, writing a few days after Private Long’s death, noted,
9th. - More or less quiet. We lose a few men every day, principally from a gun on our right flank which nearly enfilades us, and fires at a pretty close range. The fault lies chiefly with the men, who will not take proper care of themselves, nor make their dug-outs deep enough.
user.online.be/~snelders/sand.htm
Arthur Harry Meek…………………...............................(RoH)
Private TR/LON/139882. Royal Fusiliers. Died on 27th November 1918. Aged 18. Buried: Castle Acre (St. James) Churchyard. South-West part.
CWGC www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=2802750
No match on Norlink
The 6 month old Arthur H. (born Castle Acre), can be found on the 1901 Census at Lime Kiln Yard, Castle Acre. This is the household of his parents, William, (aged 34 and an Agricultural Labourer from North Creake), and Elizabeth A., (aged 35 and from Castle Acre). The Meek’s have another son, Robert. J, (aged 4). Elizabeth also has children from a previous marriage living with her, Frederick Drew, (aged 15, born Castle Acre, employed as an Agricultural Labourer), George W. Drew (aged 17, born Castle Acre, employed as an Agricultural Labourer), and Leonard W.Drew, (aged 9 and from Castle Acre).
Ernest William Mobbs…………………………..................(RoH)
Private 17320. "D Company, 7th Battalion, Norfolk Regiment. Died in France & Flanders on 13th October 1915. Born Castle Acre. Enlisted Norwich. Son of George and Mary Ann Mobbs, of Abbey Rd., Castle Acre, Norfolk. Commemorated: Loos Memorial, Pas de Calais, France. Panel 30 and 31.
CWGC www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=1764991
No match on Norlink
The 5 year old Ernest, (born Castle Acre), can be found on the 1901 Census at Fullers Yard, Castle Acre. This is the household of his parents, George, (aged 32 and an Ordinary Agricultural Labourer from Castle Acre), and Maryann, (aged 32 and from Castle Acre). Their other children areEdith, (aged 9) and Walter, (aged 3) - both born Castle Acre.
(Charles) Frederick Moore……………………........(RoH)
Private 11671. 1st Battalion King's Own Scottish Borderers. Killed in action in The Dardenelles on 1st August 1915. Born and lived Castle Acre. Enlisted Norwich. Commemorated: Helles Memorial, Turkey. Panel 84 to 92 or 220 to 222.
CWGC www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=688827
No match on Norlink
See George below for family details.
George Moore………………………………..........................(RoH)
Lance Corporal 18753. 7th Battalion Norfolk Regiment. Killed in action in France & Flanders on 17th July 1917. Aged 28. Born Castle Acre. Enlisted Norwich. Son of Mr. and Mrs. William Moore, of St. James Green, Castle Acre, King's Lynn, Norfolk husband of Gertrude Moore, of Pales Green, Castle Acre. Buried: Canadian Cemetery No.2, Neuville - St. Vaast, Pas de Calais, France. Ref. 15. E. 18.
CWGC www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=2954861
No match on Norlink
The 13 year old George, born Castle Acre, can be found on the 1901 Census at Newton Road, Castle Acre. This was the household of his parents, William, (aged 41 and a Farm Labourer from Castle Acre), and Jad (?), (aged 37 and from Castle Acre).
Their other children are:-
Eliza……….aged 5.…….born Castle Acre
Frederick..aged 7.…….born Castle Acre
James……..aged u/1...born Castle Acre
William……aged 9.…….born Castle Acre
Phillip Moore………………………………............................(RoH)
Company Serjeant Major 4754. 1st Battalion Norfolk Regiment. Killed in action in France & Flanders on 27th July 1916. Born Castle Acre. Enlisted Norwich. Husband of Ethel Rose Anna Moore of Tottington, Thetford, Norfolk. Buried: Caterpillar Valley Cemetery, Longueval, Somme, France. Ref. XV. C. 33. * #
CWGC www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=553608
No match on Norlink
No obvious match on the 1901 or 1911 Census.
27th July 1916 From the War diary of the 1st Battalion Bedfordshire Regiment
OPERATION ORDER NO.6 1/BEDFORDSHIRE Rgt. REF. Sheet LONGUEVAL 27th July. 1916
1. The 15th Infantry Bde. will attack the village of LONGUEVAL on 27th inst.
2. The attack will be preceded by a bombardment of 2 hours commencing at 2 hours before zero, i.e. at 5.10 A.M.
3. (a) At ZERO i.e. 7.10 A.M. 2 Coys 1/NORFOLK RGT. will advance from their line of assembly to the first objective. (b) The Guns will then lift onto the 2nd line of barrage. (c) A & B Coys will occupy the trenches vacated by two coys 1/NORFOLKS at this time.
4. (a) At 8.10 a.m. 2 coys 1/NORFOLKS will advance to 2nd objective (b) remaining 2 coys 1/NORFOLKS will move up into trenches vacated by 2 assaulting coys of 1/NORFOLKS (c) A.& B. Coys will move into the Trenches vacated by last 2 coys 1/NORFOLKS (d) C. & D. Coys will occupt original line of assembly. (e) At 8.40 A.M. Guns will lift onto final objective.
5. (a) At 8.40 A.M. A. & B. Coys. will attack the final objective. (b) The Guns will lift onto a line [blank] to [blank] & will stay on this line
6. A.Coy. will be responsible for that part of the objective lying to the right of the road running N.-S. through LONGUEVAL.. B.Coy. to the left of this road. (b) A.Coy. is responsible for the ORCHARD & for the strong post at [blank]. Special attention should also be paid to the right flank. (c) B.Coy. is responsible for the strong point at [blank]
7. When the final objective is captured, it will be consolidated AT ONCE & held at all costs.
8. Green flares will be lit at 9 a.m. & 2 p.m. & on reaching the final objective.
9. Bn. H.Q. is in old German 2nd line at S.17.d.5/9.
10. Aid Post is in dug out in old German 2nd Line. formerly occupied by H.Q. 1/NORFOLK Rgt.
11. All other instructions have been issued verbally.
REPORT ON OPERATIONS 26/28 JULY 1/BEDFORDSHIRE Rgt 26.7.'16 11.15.P.M.
The Battalion left its Bivouac POMMIERS REDOUBT and marched to Brigade Advanced H.Q. Here owing to very heavy Barrage & poison Gas shells in the Valley the Battalion halted for two hours. The Barrage was still intense but a fresh wind made advance possible & only two cases of gas poisoning have been reported. Shell fire was moderately severe in the valley and increased as the old German Second line Trenches were approached. 27.7.'16 [Capt. PARKER wounded] 3.50 A.M. Battn arrived in position of assembly in German 2nd Line Trenches and improved cover 5.30 A.M. Operation Orders received & communicated to Company Commanders. 7.0 A.M. A & B Coys in accordance with orders, left to take up their position in Reserve trenches at LONGUEVAL. 7.40 A.M. Report received from O.C. 1/NORFOLKS that owing to heavy shell fire, he required assistance 8.20 A.M. OC 1/BEDFORDSHIRE Rgt arrived at H.Q. 1/NORFOLK Rgt in LONGUEVAL having arranged for A & B Coys to assault the second line in conjunction with NORFOLKS & for C & D Coys to pass through & take third line. O.C. 16/ROYAL WARWICKSHIRE Rgt was requested to occupy front line trenches when these were vacated by C & D Coys. A & B Coys had at 7.30 A.M. occupied first line at 'E' & reserve trenches at 'B'. 9.00 A.M. C Coy arrived at E D Coy arrived at B and A Coy pushed across towards German Redoubt at F where the two leading NORFOLK Coys were being held up [100 prisoners surrendered here] Lt. FYSON with his platoon attacked house at G and took 32 prisoners. 9.5 A.M. C Coy advanced across PRINCES Street but were held up by Machine Gun fire from House at Cross Roads (I). This house was taken by a party of NORFOLK bombers. At the same time, two platoons of A Coy reached position marked H & K near FLERS Road where they were in touch in [sic] the ROYAL FUSILIERS on their right. A German counterattack was met with LEWIS Gun & Rifle fire, the estimated Enemy Casualties being 50. Several small posts were observed on the Ridge, apparently protected by wire. 9.30 A.M. C Coy crossed PRINCES STREET and took up a position parallel with NORTH Street joining up the two leading NORFOLK coys. They were unable to progress further owing to heavy Machine Gun fire from DUKE Street. They consolidated their position. 1 Officer & 30 men went forward from B Coy at C to reinforce a Coy of NORFOLKS at A. This coy was held up by Machine Gun fire from direction of DUKE Street & was unable to advance. STOKES Mortar Battery was asked to cooperate, but did not come into action. Later, heavy Artillery was asked to bombard this post. While awaiting this & the opportunity to advance, B & D Coys endeavoured to improve their cover under a hurricane bombardment.
Casualties in these two
B Coy 2 Officers 54 O.R. out of 5 Officers & 166 O.R.
D Coy 2 Officers 106 O.R. out of 5 Officers & 176 O.R.
6.30 P.M. ROYAL FUSILIERS on right, owing to heavy shell fire, retired and out line at K & H was slightly withdrawn to cover exposed flank. 7.0 P.M. B Coy received orders to retire to German Second Line trenches, leaving one platoon to hold line at A. A similar order was sent to D Coy but did not reach there and a second order was sent at 8.0 P.M. 9.0 P.M. C Coy tried to establish itself on East side of NORTH ST. but had to withdraw. They consolidated in touch with NORFOLKS & the SOUTH STAFFORDS of 2nd Division 28.7.'16 6 A.M. 1/D.C.L.I. & 1/E.SURREYS arrived & took over the line & the Battalion withdrew to POMMIERS Redoubt. The total casualties were 9 Officers 303 O.R. out of 23 Officers 807 O.R.
15th Infy. Bde. 1st Bedfords
The Brigadier-General Commanding wishes to express to all ranks of the Brigade his great admiration at the magnificent manner in which they captured the Village of LONGUEVAL yesterday. To the 1st NORFOLK Regiment and the 1st BEDFORDSHIRE Regiment and some of the 16th ROYAL WARWICKSHIRE Regiment, who were able to get into the enemy with the bayonet, he offers his heartiest congratulations. He knows it is what they have been waiting and wishing for many months. The 1st CHESHIRE Regiment made a most gallant and determined effort to reach their objective and failed through no fault of their own. The way in which the Troops behaved under the subsequent heavy bombardment was worthy of the best traditions of the British Army The Brigade captured 4 Officers and 159 other ranks 28/7/1916
www.bedfordregiment.org.uk/1stbn/1stbtn1916appendices.html
William Thomas Pember…………………………….........(RoH)
Probably: Private L/9226. 4th Battalion Middlesex Regiment. Died on 14th November 1914. Commemorated: Le Touret Memorial, Pas de Calais, France. Panels 31 and 32.
CWGC www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=1560479
No match on Norlink
There are only two individuals with the surname Pember on the 1901 & 1911 Census, both having been born here, and both having moved away from the area entirely. There is no obvious connection with the Castle Acre area. Curiously the 1901 two are different to the 1911 two. There is a William Pember born Middlesex who would have been of the right age to have fought in WW1, and may therefore account for our CWGC man.
Reginald E Porter………………………………......................(RoH)
Lieutenant. Royal Army Medical Corps attached to 3rd Battalion Rifle Brigade. Killed in action in France on 26th October 1914. Aged 26. Younger son of Dr. G.C. Porter of Castle Acre. Commemorated: Ploegsteert Memorial, Comines-Warneton, Hainaut, Belgium.
Also commemorated in Parish Church by a marble plaque on the wall.
CWGC www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=1643663
(as Reginald Edward)
No match on Norlink
The 12 year old Reginald E, (born Castle Acre) is recorded on the 1901 Census at Bailey Street, Castle Acre. This is the household of his parents, George C, (aged 47 and a Registered Medical Practitioner from Ireland), and Rose Z A, (aged 42 and also from Ireland). Their other son is George R, (aged 16 and born Castle Acre).
The 3rd Rifle Brigade were involved in the Battle of Armentieres at this time, part of the Race to the Sea that would end in the stalemate of trench warfare.
UPDATED see comment 1 below
Cyril J Savage……………………………...........................(RoH)
Lance Corporal 16748. 1st Battalion Norfolk Regiment. Killed in action in France & Flanders on 27th October 1917. Born Castleacre. Enlisted Norwich. Buried: Hooge Crater Cemetery, Ieper, West-Vlaanderen, Belgium. Ref. VIA. F. 3. *
CWGC www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=459240
No match on Norlink
The 15 year old Cyril John is recorded on the 1911 census as being born at Castle, but now resident in the District of Swaffham. While there is no Cyril on the 1901 Census, there is a John of the right age, who was born in Castle Acre. This John is now resident at Cubitts Barn, Little Dunham. This is the household of his parents, James, (aged 34 and a Cattleman on Farm from South Raynham), and Ann, (aged 25 and from Greenstone(?) Norfolk). Their other children are Grace, (aged 5, born South Acre), and Lucy, (aged 3 and born Castle Acre).
The 5th Division were in the front line for the 2nd Battle of Passchendaele, which kicked off on the 26th, however the 1st Norfolks were not in the Divisional Brigade ordered to attack. No advance was possible and on the 28th the Division was relieved.
Arthur John Sculpher…………………….......................(RoH)
Private 17521. 3rd Battalion Coldstream Guards. Killed in action in France & Flanders on 12th April 1918. Aged 24. Born Castle Acre. Lived E. Lexham, Norfolk. Enlisted Norwich. Son of Robert and Emily Sculpher, of Newton Rd., Castle Acre, King's Lynn. Commemorated: Ploegsteert Memorial, Comines-Warneton, Hainaut, Belgium. Panel 1.
CWGC www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=868133
No match on Norlink
Arthur John, aged 17 and born Castle Rising, appears on the 1911 census as still being resident in the Freebridge District. There are Sculpher familys in both Castle Acre and West Acre on the 1901 Census, but neither have an Arthur or a John.
The second phase of the German Spring Offensive had begun the previous day, and the 3rd Coldstream’s like many units were involved in a fighting retreat. There is a brief mention of their activities on the 11th & 12th from the web-site dedicated to the 1st/4th Yorkshire Regiment, who were fighting alongside them.
From Monday 5th September 2016, route 9 was rerouted to provide a link to Royal Berks Hospital from more areas of south Reading. It now serves Cressingham Road, Basingstoke Road, Whitley Wood Road, Whitley Wood Lane, Hartland Road and Northumberland Avenue, no longer serving Shinfield Park or the southern part of Shinfield Road. Leopard route 3 was enhanced along Shinfield Road to every 15 minutes, which tidies up the service there as previously there were odd gaps between the half-hourly 9 and the every 20 minute 3.
From the same date, a fares revision saw single fares increase by 10p and the cheap return along Shinfield Road withdrawn.
On the second day, 413 is on the new route but still has old route branding. It does have some new lettering around the destination for recently fitted USB chargers and superfast 4G Wi-Fi.
Station Road, Reading. 6th September 2016.
On 11 September 1297, Edward 1st army under the command of John de Warenne and Hugh de Cressingham planned to cross the River Forth at Stirling. The narrow wooden bridge offered the safest river crossing as the Forth widened to the east and the treacherous marshland of Flanders Moss lay to the west.
William Wallace and Andrew Moray had arrived at Abbey Craig, north of Stirling, before the English army. They watched from the hilltop as the English force - made up of English, Welsh and Scots knights, bowmen and foot soldiers - made camp to the south of the river. The English army had between 200 to 300 cavalry and 10,000 foot soldiers to the Scots' 36 horsemen and 8000 foot.
John de Warrene gave orders for the English army to cross Stirling Bridge to face the Scots next morning. At dawn the English foot soldiers began to cross the bridge but John de Warrene was still in bed in Stirling Castle. He arrived late to the field and recalled his men.
Two Dominican friars were sent as envoys to negotiate the surrender of the Scots with Wallace and Moray. They were told by Wallace in no uncertain terms to return to John de Warrene and to:
Tell your commander that we are not here to make peace but to do battle, defend ourselves and liberate our kingdom. Let them come on, and we shall prove this in their very beards.
John de Warrene called a Council of War but ignored the advice of Scots knight Richard Lundie who said ‘My Lords, if we go on to the bridge we are dead men.’ Hugh de Cressingham urged the Earl of Surrey to cross and quickly finish the Scots. Over the next few hours the English heavy cavalry - knights and mounted men-at-arms - led by Hugh de Cressingham slowly made their way over the wooden bridge and waited in the loop of the River Forth. Wallace and Moray watched and prepared their men for battle.
The Scots seized the moment. Wallace and Moray sent their spearmen down to attack. The Scots cut off the escape route back across the bridge and attacked the trapped knights, bowmen and foot soldiers. The mounted knights floundered in the marshy ground and Edward’s army was forced back to the deep waters of the Forth. In an hour the Scots had slaughtered the trapped men. Some English knights managed to fight their way back across the bridge. A few foot soldiers swam to the south bank of the river but the rest were cut down.
John de Warrene had the wooden bridge set on fire and cut down to keep the Scots from following as he retreated to Berwick. The hated Treasurer of Scotland, Hugh de Cressingham, was flayed alive by the Scots. It is said that Wallace had some of his skin fashioned into a belt for his sword. Andrew Moray was seriously wounded during the battle. He never recovered, dying from his wounds two months later.
The Old Bridge stands at the lowest fording place of the River Forth, one of the most critical crossing points in the country. The present stone bridge replaced a succession of timber bridges.
Undoubtedly the most famous of these earlier structures was the one that stood nearby in the 1290s. At the Battle of Stirling Bridge (1297), Sir William Wallace and Sir Andrew Moray led a Scottish army to a resounding victory over Edward I of England.
The present ‘old’ bridge was built in the late 1400s or early 1500s. Measuring over 80m long, it has four semicircular arches, supported by three piers. Each pier has triangular cutwaters. The central ones had pedestrian refuges which were originally roofed. At either end were arched gates.
The gates were removed, probably at the time when General Blackeney, Governor of Stirling Castle, ordered the destruction of the south arch in 1745. Blackeney was attempting to forestall Bonnie Prince Charlie’s forces as they marched south at the outset of the ’45 Jacobite Rising.
The arch was rebuilt in 1749. The bridge was closed to wheeled traffic in 1831, and replaced by a new one downstream, designed by Robert Stevenson.
A beautiful looking church just north of Little Cressingham, a partial ruinous church, St Michael has aisles, clerestory, pinnacled tower and fine east end.
The neat west tower is 15th century as is the south porch, the 5 light east window is of Perpendicular style and there is two turrets either side of it.
--------------------------------
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At the church of St. Michael, Great Cressingham, Norfolk.
The church was built in the 15th century, mainly in flint.
With grateful acknowledgement to the Roll of Honour site, which provided the starting point for the information below. All information sourced from there is shown as (RoH)
www.roll-of-honour.com/Norfolk/CastleAcre.html
Ernest James Archer……………….................................(RoH)
Private 32609. 7th Battalion East Surrey Regiment. Killed in action in France & Flanders on 20th November 1917. Aged 35. Born North Pickenham, Norfolk. Enlisted London. Son of James Tertius Archer and Sarah Ann Archer, of Castle Acre, Swaffham, Norfolk; husband of Ethel Elizabeth Archer, of "Olives, Shrewsbury Rd., Red Hill, Surrey. Commemorated: Cambrai Memorial, Louverval, Nord, France. Panel 6.
CWGC www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=1750838
No match on Picture Norfolk
There is no apparent match for an Ernest Archer of the right age or with a Norfolk connection on the Genes Re-united transcription of the 1901 Census for England and Wales. There is however a James and Sarah Ann Archer recorded at Bailey Street, Castle Acre. James is aged 45 and a Prudential Assurance Agent from Great Cressingham, while Sarah Ann is aged 47 and is from Saham Toney. The children recorded as living with them are Edgar Robert, (aged 14 and a Telegraph Messenger for the Post Office, born Ashill), Edwin George, (aged 10 and born Castle Acre), and Eleanor Hannah, (aged 4 and born Castle Acre).
On the high level search of the 1911 census, there is an Ernest of the right age born “ L Pickering” and now recorded in the Strand registration district.
The battalion took part in the battle of Cambrai, advancing from Gonnelieu through La Vacquerie on the 20th November. They were driven back on the 30th by the German counter-attack
1914-1918.invisionzone.com/forums/index.php?showtopic=116... 1917 surreys&fromsearch=1entry1111687
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Cambrai_(1917)
Henry James Askew DCM…………………...................(RoH)
Serjeant 38229. 9th Battalion Norfolk Regiment. Killed in action in France & Flanders on 15th April 1918. Aged 36. Born Weasenham, Norfolk. Enlisted Norwich. Son of the late John and Emily Askew; husband of Mary Ann Askew, of 75, Pales Green, Castle Acre, King's Lynn, Norfolk. Awarded the Distinguished Conduct Medal. Commemorated: Tyne Cot Memorial, Zonnebeke, West-Vlaanderen, Belgium. Panel 34 to 35 and 162A.
CWGC www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=846448
No match on Picture Norfolk
Henry James is recorded on the 1901 Census as James. He is aged 19, born Weasenham and employed as an Agricultural Labourer. His address is just recorded as Weasenham. This is the household of his parents, John, (aged 47 and an Agricultural Labourer from East Dereham), and Frances, (aged 44 and from Weasenham). Their other cildren are:-
Anthony………………………aged 13.……………….born Weasenham
Charles……………………………aged 2 …………………born Weasenham
Herbert…………………………..aged 7.………………..born Weasenham
William…………………………..aged 10.……………….born weasenham
The 9th were moved to the Ypres salient on April 1st 1918 and moved to Dranoute on the 14th.
" Next day D and A companies were in front line, C in support and B in reserve. Arrangements had been made for C to counter attack if necessary but it's losses owing to the continuous heavy bombardment commencing at noon on the 15th necessitated B taking it's place as the counter attack force. At 2.30pm on the 15th the enemy advanced and by 3pm had gained a foothold in the front trenches. From these he was once again driven out by B company. Although B held the line and formed a defensive flank they were eventually themselves driven out due to their exposed position.
Line was then formed along the railway with the Ist Leicesters on their left at Clapham Junction. At 10.30pm they were moved back behind Mt Kemmel before being pulled out of line on the 18th.
This was after the 9th had been badly cut up a month before holding the masive German onslaught of the 21st March. Here they had fought a strong rearguard action before being moved out of line to for a refit in Sixte near Proven on the 26th.
1914-1918.invisionzone.com/forums/lofiversion/index.php/t...
Bernard Beck MC………………………….......................(RoH)
3rd Battalion The King's (Liverpool Regiment). Killed in action on 18th August 1916. Awarded the Military Cross. Buried: Flatiron Copse Cemetery, Mametz, Somme, France. Ref. I. B. 28.
CWGC www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=556258
No match on Picture Norfolk
Bernard is on the church memorial and not the village memorial, therefore at this time I must assume the information about the MC is correct, and therefore the correct individual has been identified.
There are 5 Bernard Beck’s on the 1901 Census, none with any obvious connections to East Anglia, let alone Castle Acre. Intriguingly, two are pupils at Boarding schools, so impossible to see if there are family ties to this area. Four of the five are on the 1911 census, still all well away from Norfolk. There is a Bernard Beck born circa 1909 at Tunstead, Norfolk, but this can hardly be the someone who died as a combatant in WW1.
There is also a Bernard Beck on the Weasenham Roll of Honour who is believed to be the Liverpool Regiment man.
www.breckland-rollofhonour.org.uk/weasenham.html
However, the link is finally made clear by the Kings Lynn Roll of Honour page.
Lieutenant (Temporary Captain). 3rd attached 4th Liverpool Regiment. Awarded the Military Cross, London Gazette, 25/8/1916: 'For conspicuous gallantry during operations. Under heavy fire he established and maintained for six hours communications between the front line and the H.Q.'s of an infantry brigade.' Killed in action France 18/8/1916. Flat Iron Copse cemetery, Mametz, I.B. 28 Note: until 2000 his headstone did not show the award of the M.C., this has since been corrected.
Born Winton Lodge, Leyton Court Road, Streatham, 13/6/1890, son of Harry, a wine merchant, and Julia Beck. He was well known for his interests in farming and held High House Farm, Weasenham. Married Enid Brown, of King's Lynn, and had one child. His wife subsequently remarried, to Mr. Neill, and emigrated to Australia on 26/9/1919.
Enlisted in the 8th Reserve Cavalry Regiment, 24/8/1914, this unit was affiliated to the 16th and 17th Lancers and he is noted as being 6462, Private, 16th Lancers.
Commissioned 15/10/1914. To the Western Front, June, 1915. He was acting second in command of his battalion when he was killed. Death notified by telegram 23/8/1916.
His service papers are at the National Archive (WO339/29583).
Also named on All Saints Church, South Lynn, Memorial Window
www.roll-of-honour.com/Norfolk/KingsLynn.html
John Blowers………………………………...................................(RoH),
Private 3/10310. 9th Battalion Norfolk Regiment. Killed in action in France & Flanders on 15th September 1916. Aged 40. Born Sporle, Norfolk. Enlisted Norwich. Son of Mrs. Maria Blowers; husband of Ethel Mary Blowers, of 40, Broad Meadow Common, Castle Acre, King's Lynn, Norfolk. Commemorated: Thiepval Memorial, Somme, France. Pier and Face 1 C and 1 D.
CWGC www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=766296
No match on Picture Norfolk
There isn’t a likely match on the 1901 Census and even on the 1911 Census, we have a “30 year old” John Blowers rather than the 34/35 year old we‘d expect. This John Blowers was born Sporle, and is now recorded in the Freebridge District, the District which covers Castle Acre.
Going back to the 1891 Census makes things a little clearer. The John Blowers from Sporle is aged 14, and resident at The Street, Sporle and employed as an Agricultural Labourer. This is the household of his parents, James, (aged 62 and an Agricultural Labourer from Sporle), and Maria, (aged 57 and from Scarning). Their other children are Jane, (aged 11), and Leonard, (aged 8), both from Sprole.
15th September 1916
On September 15th the 1st Leicesters and the 9th Norfolks attacked a German strongpoint called the Quadrilateral in the region of Flers. The attack was originally planned to include 3 tanks in support but two broke down before zero hour and the third was disabled at the start of the advance.
At zero hour the leading companies ("D" & "B") moved off at a steady pace, advancing in four lines at 30 paces interval, the supporting companies ("C" & "A") following in the same formation 300 yards in the rear, and the enemy at once opened a heavy machine gun fire.
The Battalion suffered heavily from the machine gun fire and was held up by the undamaged wire in the front of a German trench, leading from the North West corner of the Quadrilateral, the existence of which was not known. Despite having dug in overnight the Battalion was forced to withdraw the next day having lost 14 officers and 410 other ranks killed, wounded or missing.
www.whitwick.org.uk/history/regulars.htm
See John William Green below, who died in the same action.
Algier Buckenham……………………………........................(RoH)
Lance Corporal 21274. 8th Battalion Border Regiment. Formerly 19076 Norfolk Regiment. Killed in action in France & Flanders on 5th July 1916. Born North Pickenham, Norfolk. Lived Swaffham. Enlisted Norwich. Commemorated: Thiepval Memorial, Somme, France. Pier and Face 6 A and 7 C.
CWGC www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=766146
No match on Picture Norfolk
The 10 year Algier, (born South Pickenham), is recorded on the 1901 Census at Place Farm Cottages, Great & Little Snarehill, near Thetford. This was the household of his parents, Frederick Buckenham, (aged 47 and an Agricultural Labourer from Great Cressingham) and Charlotte, (aged 47 and also from Great Cressingham). Their other children are:-
Ada………………aged 12.…………born Great Cressingham
Archer………….aged 8.……………born East Winch
Bessie………….aged 3.……………born East Winch
Frederick……..aged 27.…………born Great Cressingham..Single..Housekeeper on Farm
Harry…………..aged 21.…………born Great Cressingahm..Single..Agricultural Labourer
Jesse…………..aged 26.…………born Great Cressingham…Single..Cattleman on Farm
William John..aged 17.………..born Great Cressingham…Single..Agricultural Labourer
Making up the household is the Buckenham’s grandson, Thomas Buckenham, (aged 4, born East Winch). The 1911 census also refers to Algier being born at South Pickenham, and he is by now recorded on the District that covers Castle Acre. Also resident in the same district are Jesse, William John, Archer and Bessie.
I can find information on the Brigade of which Algier’s 8th Borders was a part being in action on the 3rd, but nothing major on the 5th - I can only assume this was part of holding the little that had been gained so far in the battle of the Somme.
North of Ovillers, the 32nd Div reinforced by 75 Bde of 25th Div attacked the Leipzig Redoubt near Authuille Wood. There was utter confusion over start times and the 32nd Div attack consisted of only two companies of the Highland Light Infantry. After two attempts no gains were made.
forum.irishmilitaryonline.com/showthread.php?t=9058
Hugh T Buxton………………………………...........................(RoH)
Probably: Private 43881. 14th Battalion Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders. Died of wounds in France & Flanders on 8th October 1918. Born and enlisted Norwich. Buried: Haringhe (Bandaghem) Military Cemetery, Poperinge, West-Vlaanderen, Belgium. Ref. III. A. 40.
CWGC www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=93599
No match on Picture Norfolk
The 1911 Census has a 13 year old Hugh, born Swafield and now resident in the Freebridge District which includes Castle Acre. Although I have limited access to this, the family seems to consist of:-
James……….aged 46/born circa 1865 at Sparham
Sarah………..aged 45/born circa 1866 at Elsing
Ernest……….aged 19/born circa 1892 at Sparham
Arthur……….aged 15/born circa 1896 at Sparham
Stanley……..aged 5/born circa 1906 at Castle Acre
Allen………….aged 3/born circa 1908 at Castle Acre
The Genes Re-united site also confirms that’s the CWGC individual from the Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders and shown as H T in their records, is in fact a Hugh T.
The 14th Division, of which this battalion was part, lists amongst its battle honours
Battle of Ypres. 28 Sep-2 Oct 1918
www.warpath.orbat.com/divs/14_div.htm
Sydney G Buxton…………………………..........................(RoH)
Probably: Sidney George Buxton. Private 21399. 2nd Battalion Northumberland Fusiliers. Formerly 18866 West Yorkshire Regiment. Died in the Mediterranean Theatre of war on 10th September 1916. Born Elsing, Norfolk. Enlisted York. Commemorated: Doiran Memorial, Greece.
CWGC www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=1648984
No match on Picture Norfolk
No obvious match on the 1901 Census, but the 1911 Census includes a George Buxton living at Castle Acre. He was born circa 1881 at East Barham. On the 1891 Census the 10 year old old George A, (born Walsingham, Fakenham),can be found at Waterhouse Cottage, Birmingham Terrace, Walsingham, This is the household of his parents, Alfred A. (aged 35 and a Horse Team Man) and Caroline, (age n\k from Saxingham).
September 10 1916 the Struma, which had served as a line of defence, was crossed by General Milne's troops both south and north of Lake Tachinos. Between the Lake and the Gulf of Orfano they occupied the " New Village " (Neokhori or Yeni Kioi). To the north they crossed at various points between Lake Butkovo and Lake Tachinos. Some small villages were occupied, and the Northumberland Fusiliers drove the Bulgarians out of Nevoljen, inflicting severe losses on the enemy The British troops subsequently withdrew as pre- arranged. Five days later the offensive was renewed. British forces seized the villages of Kato (or Lower) Ghoudheli, Jami Mah, Ago Mah and Komarian, and burnt them to the ground.
www.dublin-fusiliers.com/salonika/1916-birdcage.html
In a report in the London Gazette, it notes the Northumberlands, “lost heavily during their retirement and subsequent counter-attack, They also suffered severely from our artillery fire in attempting to follow our pre-arranged movements to regain the right bank of the river”
London Gazette Supplement for the 6th December 1916.
www.london-gazette.co.uk/issues/29851/supplements/11932/p...
John Daws………………………………...................................(RoH)
Probably: John Daws. Private 240035. 1st/5th Battalion Norfolk Regiment. Died in Palestine on 19th April 1917. Born Shipdham, Norfolk. Enlisted Swaffham. Commemorated: Buried Jerusalem Memorial. Panels 12 to 15.
CWGC www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=1644940
No match on Picture Norfolk
There is no obvious match on the 1901 Census, but the high-level search of the 1911 Census throws up a 20 years old John. Born Shipdham, and recorded in the District of Freebridge, (which covers Castle Acre).
There are 22 Daws, including John, recorded in this District with most being born either Great Massingham or Shipdham.
19th April 1917 During the 2nd Battle of Gaza,
Facing the Tank Redoubt was the 161st Brigade of the 54th Division. To their right were the two Australian battalions (1st and 3rd) of the Imperial Camel Corps Brigade who had dismounted about 4,000 yards from their objective. As the infantry went in to attack at 7.30am they were joined by a single tank called "The Nutty" which attracted a lot of shell fire. The tank followed a wayward path towards the redoubt on the summit of a knoll where it was fired on point blank by four field guns until it was stopped and set alight in the middle of the position.
The infantry and the 1st Camel Battalion, having suffered heavy casualties on their approach, now made a bayonet charge against the trenches. About 30 "Camels" and 20 of the British infantry (soldiers of the 5th (territorial Battalion of the Norfolk Regiment) reached the redoubt, then occupied by around 600 Turks who immediately broke and fled towards their second line of defences to the rear.
The British and Australians held on unsupported for about two hours by which time most had been wounded. With no reinforcements at hand and a Turkish counter-attack imminent, the survivors endeavoured to escape back to their own lines.
To the right (west) of Tank Redoubt, the 3rd Camel Battalion, advancing in the gap between two redoubts, actually made the furthest advance of the battle, crossing the Gaza-Beersheba Road and occupying a pair of low hills (dubbed "Jack" and "Jill"). As the advances on their flanks faltered, the "Camels" were forced to retreat to avoid being isolated.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Battle_of_Gaza
More than a thousand one hundred of the men of the 54th posted killed wounded or missing were from the two Norfolk regiment battalions, equating to 75% of their strength. Eastern Daily Press "Sunday" section May 5, 2007
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Battle_of_Gaza
George Ellis……………………………….................................(RoH)
RoH believes possibly : Private 9194. 7th Battalion Norfolk Regiment. Died in France & Flanders on 5th October 1915. Born Great Hockham, Norfolk. Enlisted Norwich. Buried: Bethune Town Cemetery, Pas de Calais, France. Ref. IV. E. 91.
CWGC www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=62798
but see Census details below
No match on Picture Norfolk
The 1901 Census has a 7 year old George, born Hockham, recorded at 12 Shropham Road, Hockham. This is the household of his parents, George, (aged 38 and a Carter on an estate timber yard, from Ashill), and Emily, (aged 37 and from Hockham). Their other children are:-
Charles………….aged 17.….born Hockham..Labourer on farm
Frederick……….aged 4.……born Hockham
Jane……………….aged 9.…..born Hockham
John W……………aged u/1...born Hockham
However, when I check for a location on the 1911 census, the Hockham born George is recorded in the district of Wayland, while the entry above it is for a George H Ellis, born circa 1895 at Coston, Norfolk, and now resident in the Freebridge District, which covers Castle Acre. There is no obvious match for George H. in the CWGC database - the five individuals concerned all have no additonal details or even age.
George H. is recorded on the 1901 census at Weston Street, Market Weston, Suffolk. This is the household of his parents, Edward, (age 28 and a Gardener Domestic from Necton), and Maria, (aged 28 and from Hardingham). They have four other children, Ellen, (aged 2, born Market Weston), Gordon, (aged 3, born Coston), John, (aged u/1, born Market Weston) and Reginald, (aged 5, born Coston)
Update 28/02/23.
The 1911 Census of England & Wales has a 16 year old George H. Ellis, a Domestic Stable Boy, born Coston, Norfolk, who was recorded living at Cooks Stool, Castleacre, Swaffham.
This was the household of his parents Edward, (aged 39, a Domestic Groom and Gardener, born Necton, Norfolk), and Maria J., (aged 39, born Hardingham, Norfolk). The couple have been married 18 years, and the union has produced 9 children, all then still alive. All 9 were still unmarried and living with them. Four of their children, aged between 12 and 8 were born Market Weston, Suffolk. Their last two children, Sidney C. (6) and Dorothy E., (4), were born Castleacre.
The birth of the last two were registered in the Freebridge civil registration district with a mothers’ maiden name shown as Goward. Which means the birth of a George Herbert Ellis, mothers’ maiden name Goward, which was registered with the civil authorities in the Forehoe District of Norfolk in the April to June quarter, (Q2) of 1894 the most likely birth match.
The civil registration district of Forehoe included the civil parish of Coston. www.ukbmd.org.uk/reg/districts/forehoe.html
A round up by villages and towns of those who were serving that appeared in the edition of the Norwich Mercury dated Saturday, September 19th 1914, records a G. Ellis of Castle Acre who had enlisted in “Kitchener’s Army”.
Kitcheners Army were the new war service only Battalions that were being authorised by the War Office up and down the land.
Soldiers Died in the Great War, an HMSO publication from the 1920’s, records a Private 19128 George Ellis, who was Killed in Action on the 15th September 1916 serving in France & Flanders with the 9th Battalion, Norfolk. He was born Market Weston, Suffolk, and enlisted Norwich. No place of residence is shown.
That soldier has surviving service records, although I’ve not yet been able to check them out.
The Norfolk Regiment issued service 19118 to a man who enlisted on the 3rd September 1914, while 19130 was issued on the 7th September 1914.
The Medal Index Card for George shows George first landed in France on the 30th August 1915 – that was the day the 9th Battalion deployed overseas.
When the main Official Casualty List relating to the 9th Battalion losses at Flers Courcellette appeared in the edition of The Times dated November 2nd, 1916, he was then still listed amongst the missing. Unfortunately for this purpose no locations for next of kin were shown in that list. However the lists that appear in regional newspapers shows that the next of kin informed he was missing was living at “Swaffham”.
See John William Green for more on the events of the day.
John William Green………………………………..................(RoH)
Private 19115. 9th Battalion Norfolk Regiment. Killed in action in France & Flanders on 15th September 1916. Aged 27. Born Castle Acre. Enlisted Shoreham, Sussex. Son of Mrs. Rebecca Green, of I, Pales Green, Castle Acre, King's Lynn, Norfolk. Commemorated: Thiepval Memorial, Somme, France. Pier and Face 1 C and 1 D.
CWGC www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=787283
No match on Picture Norfolk
The 12 year old John, born Castle Acre), is recorded on the 1901 Census at Pales Green Cottages, Castle Acre. His occupation is listed as “with Bricklayer”. This is the household of his parents, William, (aged 58 and a Gardener Domestic from Stiffkey), and Rebecca, (aged 52 and a Sewing Domestic from West Lexham (?)). Also living with them is another son, Henry, (aged 17 and a General Farm Labourer from Castle Acre). John doesn’t readily appear to be on the 1911 Census.
15th September 1916
On September 15th the 1st Leicesters and the 9th Norfolks attacked a German strongpoint called the Quadrilateral in the region of Flers. The attack was originally planned to include 3 tanks in support but two broke down before zero hour and the third was disabled at the start of the advance.
At zero hour the leading companies ("D" & "B") moved off at a steady pace, advancing in four lines at 30 paces interval, the supporting companies ("C" & "A") following in the same formation 300 yards in the rear, and the enemy at once opened a heavy machine gun fire.
The Battalion suffered heavily from the machine gun fire and was held up by the undamaged wire in the front of a German trench, leading from the North West corner of the Quadrilateral, the existence of which was not known. Despite having dug in overnight the Battalion was forced to withdraw the next day having lost 14 officers and 410 other ranks killed, wounded or missing.
www.whitwick.org.uk/history/regulars.htm
See John Blowers above, who died in the same action
Lewis Green………………………………...............................(RoH)
No further information available at present on RoH.
Possibly
Name: GREEN, LEWIS
Rank: Private
Regiment: Lincolnshire Regiment
Unit Text: 1st Bn.
Date of Death: 16/06/1915 Service No: 16215
Grave/Memorial Reference: Panel 21. Memorial: YPRES (MENIN GATE) MEMORIAL
CWGC www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=907731
Or a 1st Battalion Norfolks Man, (down as L Green but Genes Reunited confirms he was a Lewis in their copy of the Index of War Deaths)
www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=450340
No match on Picture Norfolk
28/09/23: See update in the comments box below.
Robert William Green………………………….....................(RoH)
Private 11760. 2nd Battalion King's Own Scottish Borderers. Killed in action in France & Flanders on 5th February 1915. Aged 19. Born and lived Castle Acre. Enlisted Norwich. Son of Fredrick George and Amelia Elizabeth Green, of Castle Stile, Castle Acre, Norfolk. Buried: R.E. Farm Cemetery, Heuvelland, West-Vlaanderen, Belgium. Ref. II. B. 6.
CWGC www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=102464
No match on Picture Norfolk
The 6 year old Robert W, born Castle Acre, is recorded on the 1901 census at Newton Road, Castle Acre. This is the household of his parents, Frederick, (aged 28 and a Farm Labourer from Castle Acre), and Amelia, (aged 27 and from Swaffham). They lived next door to the family of William, (listed below)
William James Green………………………........................(RoH)
Private 20502. 1st Battalion Essex Regiment. Formerly 16912 Norfolk Regiment. Killed in action in Gallipoli on 6th August 1915. Aged 21. Born and lived Castle Acre. Enlisted Norwich. Son of Arthur and Harriett Green, of Newton Rd., Castle Acre, King's Lynn, Norfolk. Commemorated: Helles Memorial, Turkey. Panel 144 to 150 or 229 to 233.
CWGC www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=693846
No match on Picture Norfolk
The 6 year old William, born Castle Acre, is recorded on the 1901 Census at Newton Road, Castle Acre. This is the household of his parents, Arthur J, (aged 30 and a Farm Labourer from West Acre), and Harriet, (aged 28 and from Castle Acre). Their other children are Hanah, (aged 8) and Susannah, (aged 10), both born Castle Acre.
They lived next door to the family of Robert, (listed above).
6th August 1915
Sir Ian Hamilton’s Third Gallipoli dispatch
At Helles the attack of the 6th was directed against 1,200 yards of the Turkish front opposite our own right and right centre, and was to be carried out by the 88th Brigade of the 29th Division. Two small Turkish trenches enfilading the main advance had, if possible, to be captured simultaneously, an affair which was entrusted to the 42nd Division. After bombardment the infantry assaulted at 3.50 p.m. On the left large sections of the enemy's line were carried, but on our centre and right the Turks were encountered in masses, and the attack, pluckily and perseveringly as it was pressed, never had any real success. The 1st Battalion, Essex Regiment, in particular forced their way into the crowded enemy trench opposite them, despite the most determined resistance, but, once in, were subjected to the heaviest musketry fire from both flanks, as well as in reverse, and were shattered by showers of bombs.
www.1914-1918.net/hamiltons_gallipoli_despatch_3.html
Geoff’s Search Engine on the CWGC database returns details of 240 1st Essex men who died on this day.
Edgar Starr Grimes………………………………...................(RoH)
Lance Corporal A/201098. 8th Battalion King's Royal Rifle Corps. Died of wounds in France & Flanders on 28th August 1917. Born Pentney, Norfolk. Lived Swaffham. Enlisted Holborn, Middlesex. Buried: Lijssenthoek Military Cemetery, Poperinge, West-Vlaanderen. Ref. XVIII. C. 17A.
CWGC www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=144351
During the First World War, the village of Lijssenthoek was situated on the main communication line between the Allied military bases in the rear and the Ypres battlefields. Close to the Front, but out of the extreme range of most German field artillery, it became a natural place to establish casualty clearing stations. The cemetery was first used by the French 15th Hopital D'Evacuation and in June 1915, it began to be used by casualty clearing stations of the Commonwealth forces.
www.cwgc.org/search/cemetery_details.aspx?cemetery=14900&...
No match on Picture Norfolk
The 18 year old Edgar, born Pentney and a Private in the Norfolk Militia, is recorded on the 1901 Census at River Yard, Castle Acre. This is the household of his parents, Ridchard, (aged 45 and an Ordinary Agricultural Labourer from Heacham), and Emma, (aged 38 and from Pentney). Their other children are:-
Daisy……………….aged 13.………born Sporle
Thomas…………….aged 2.………..born Castle Acre
Vilo (Daughter)...aged 9.…………born Caste Acre
Walter Hamblin………………………………..........................(RoH)
Private 21337. 8th Battalion Border Regiment. Formerly 18660 Norfolk Regiment. Died in France & Flanders on 9th July 1916. Born Barnett (sic) Norfolk. Lived Castle Acre. Enlisted Norwich. Buried: Le Cateau Military Cemetery, Nord, France. Ref. IV. A. 7.
CWGC www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=594896
No match on Picture Norfolk
There is no obvious match on the 1901 Census, and given the information from the RoH site, the only likely match is a Norman Hamblin, born Barney circa 1893 and now recorded in the District of Walsingham.
There is a Walter and a Norman Hamblin recorded on the Great Snoring memorial
www.the-snorings.co.uk/info/GSwarmems.html
The RoH site for Great Snoring advises that the Walter Hamblin who was in the Border Regiment died of wounds whilst a Prisoner of War.
www.roll-of-honour.com/Norfolk/GreatSnoring.html
Walter Harrison………………………………..........................(RoH)
Private 23155. 7th Battalion Border Regiment. Formerly 18661 Norfolk Regiment. Killed in action in France & Flanders on 16th September 1917. Lived Newton-by-Castle Acre. Enlisted Norwich. Buried: Brown's Copse Cemetery, Roeux, Pas de Calais, France. Ref. IV. B. 61.
CWGC www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=567758
No match on Picture Norfolk
The 18 year old Walter, born Castle Acre and a Farm Labourer, is recorded on the 1901 census at St James Green, Castle Acre. This is the household of his parents, James, (aged 60 and a Farm Labourer from Castle Acre) and Elizabeth, (aged 59 and from Castle Acre). James and Elizabeth also have a grand-daughter living with them, Alice E Clarke, aged 7 and from Castle Acre.
I can’t find any evidence of the 17th Division, of which the 7th Battalion was a part, being engaged in the Battle of Passchendaele at this time, although they list the October battles as part of the Divisional battle honours
I saw St Nicholas from the main road, and with time enough for an unplanned stop.
You approach St Nicholas down a narrow lane, with enough space for a single car to park outside; maybe I missed the "official" car park, but I don't thin so.
And walking through the churchyard, the thing you notice if the half tower at the west end of the church. Was this some kind of ancient abandoned Norman structure, with a Victorian rebuild bolted on?
-----------------------------------------
St Nicholas is visible off in the fields from the Wroxham road, but from this angle appears very odd; you need a second glance to reassure yourself that it really is a church. There is a truncated round tower which has all the appearance of a vast flower vase, and as you get closer you can see the clean lines and unknapped flint that suggests a considerable restoration.
In fact, nothing that you see is ancient, and virtually all of it is 20th century. The church was built in the 1930s, and the stump of tower comes from only a hundred years earlier. I'm not convinced that it has ever been any higher - I think the 'ruins' against the west wall were a folly. The medieval building was demolished in the 18th century and replaced with a new building. This appears to have been done on the cheap, and 19th century additions and elaborations, like the round tower, could not prolong its life. So, it was demolished and completely rebuilt, the stump retained as a baptistery.
When you know this, you can see at once the clean 1930s lines, the Gothic revival stripped of all Victorian neuroses. Inside and out, there is a modernistic simplicity to this articulate rendering of Norfolk vernacular; even the angel roof is understated. An American correspondent of mine, on seeing these pictures, said that it was like a college dining hall, and I think that is exactly right.
St Nicholas successfully combines this simplicity with an air of Anglo-catholic devotion. The stations of the cross are most unusual, large format photographs of what appear to be artist's dummies set in the positions of the way of the cross. Survivals from the old church include a medieval font and the organ, and a large piece of lead set in a wooden frame. It has a long Latin inscription on it, and with the limited resources I could drag up from school days I took it to be from the roof, since it seems to describe the demolition of the old west end and the building of the round tower in 1835.
As at Worstead, there are photographs of everyone on the war memorial, which is a lovely thing to do. And this is a lovely church, a simple yet splendid modern building set alone in the barley fields, well used, much loved, and open to pilgrims and strangers every day.
Simon Knott, April 2005
www.norfolkchurches.co.uk/dilham/dilham.htm
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Robert Lord Mallet was lord of the most considerable manor of this town, (fn. 1) of which Edric was deprived; there belonged to it one carucate of land, 9 borderers, one carucate in demean, and 6 acres of meadow, &c. 2 socmen, and the moiety of another held 50 acres, and 2 borderers, with 2 acres of meadow, valued then at 30s. at the survey at 35s. it was eleven furlongs long, and 6 broad, and paid 9d. gelt. (fn. 2)
The family of the Glanviles were enfeoft of it: William de Glanvile was lord in the reign of Henry I. and gave the church to the priory of Bromholm. After them the family of De Gyney held it.
Sir Roger Gyney, son of Sir William Gyney, was lord in the reign of Edward I. and his son Sir William in the 16th of Edward II. and the 21st of Edward III. as was Sir Roger, who by his will, here dated in 1376, requires to be buried in this church, and gives to John his son, this lordship, who by the name of Sir John Gyney, made his will, and gave this manor after the death of Alice his wife, to Sir Henry Inglos, and was proved in 1423, November 5: the said Henry Inglos was in the wars of France, and in the 3d of Henry V. then an esquire, preferred a libel in the court of the constable and Earl-Marshal of England, against Sir John Tiptoft, who had retained him with 16 lances, several archers, &c. and refused to pay him, and so he the said Henry declares that —"He was ready by the help of God and St. George, to prove against the said Sir John, body to body, as the law and custom of arms required in that behalf; (fn. 3) " and in 1421, being then a knight, was taken prisoner at the battle at Bengy in France, where the Duke of Clarence was slain; and in the 5th of Henry VI. he being proxy for Sir John Fastolf, was installed Knight of the Garter for him.
By his will, dated June 20, 1451, he requires to be buried in the presbytery of the priory of Horsham St. Faith's, by Ann his wife; gives to the prior and canons of Ingham 20s. Henry his son and heir, succeeded him, whose son, Edward Inglose, sold it by fine with 10 messuages, &c. to John Bozun, Esq.; after this it came to the Windhams, and Thomas Windham, Esq. was lord in 1570, and in this family it remains, William Windham, Esq. of Felbrig, the late lord dying in 176-.
St. Bennet Of Holm's Fee.
At the survey, the abbot of St. Bennet bad a socman, with 30 acres of land, a borderer, and one carucate valued at 6s. 8d. (fn. 4)
This, as I take it, was held of the abbot, by the lords abovementioned; Odo, the cross-bow man, is said to have held of the abbot, that which Reinberius had. (fn. 5)
Alan Earl of Richmond had in Dilham, and Panceford, a hamlet, probably, to Dilham, 50 acres of land, which a socman of Ralph Stalre was deprived of, 2 villains, and 2 borderers, &c. belonged to it, with one carucate and an acre of meadow, valued at 8s. but at the survey at 5s. (fn. 6)
Ralph, son of Ribald, gave to the church of the Holy Trinity of Norwich, all his lands in Dilham, and Panksford: Ribald was a brother of Earl Alan. Ralph, in his deed, (fn. 7) declares that he gave it for his own soul, that of Robert his son, and of his lord, Earl Alan, and in recompense of a benefaction, the monks of Norwich having paid for him 20 marks to Morell, a Jew, and so acquitted him of it; (the seal is round and the impress a cross flory) and it is now in the dean and chapter of Norwich.
Roger Bigot had also 60 acres of land, of which a freeman of Edric had been deprived; to it belonged 5 borderers, one carucate and an acre of meadow, and this was valued in Suffield. (fn. 8)
Pope Alexander III. in 1176, in the 17th year of his pontificate, granted to John, Bishop of Norwich, the land of Ralph, son of Ribald, which Richard, prior of Norwich, bought of Ralph, of the fee of Hugh Bigod. (fn. 9)
Ralph le Buteler of Heslington, by York, granted to the prior, &c. of Norwich, all his right in 40s. per ann. which William de Crostweyt used to pay him out of a tenement and lands here, in 1282.
The temporalities of this priory valued at 57s. 4d. in 1428, and is now in the dean and chapter of Norwich.
The tenths were 5l. 5s. 5d. ob.; Deducted 26s. 8d.—The temporalities of Bromholm priory 5s. 4d.
Henry Inglos, Esq. son of Sir Henry, died lord on September 15, Ao. 3, Henry VIII. and left by Anne his wife, Edward, aged 18.
The Church is a rectory, dedicated to St. Nicholas, granted to the priory of Bromholm, by William de Glanvile the founder, and appropriated to it, being valued at 20 marks per ann. a vicarage was ordained, valued at two marks, the present valor of which is 5l. 7s. 10d. and is discharged.—Peter-pence were 18d.
In the register of Bromholm, fol. 43, it appears that there was a controversy between Sir William de Gyney, and the prior, about the advowson of this church, and Sir William covenanted to release and levy a fine, the prior paying him 45 marks of silver, and to deliver a deed under seal.—Dated at Crostweyt, in the 2d of Edward I. reserving to himself the right to his chapel here, and the services of the prior's tenants.
Vicars.
Richard, occurs vicar in 1299,
1304, Clement de Wycton, instituted vicar, presented by the prior, &c. of Bromholm.
1320, Bartholomew de Wycton.
1323, Richard de Baketon.
1324, William de Folsham.
1348, John Waterden.
1360, John de Cressingham.
1360, John Aylwode.
1373, William Osmound.
1397, Jeff. Haldeyn.
1426, John Northgate.
1429, Sim. Dacke.
1434, John Bounde.
1435, Sim. Dacke.
1449, John Cowper, by the Bishop, a lapse.
1464, Thomas Skoles, by the prior, &c.
1468, Jeff. Ilberb; by his will in 1498, gives 6 marks for a vestment for a priest; 6 marks to repair a pane of peynting in the church, and the profits of 3 roods of land to the vicaryes here to sing onys in the yere for him, &c. Placebo and Dirige.
1498, Thomas Garton.
1517, Edm. Curtes.
1527, Ralph Lyster.
1535, Peter Ingham.
Thomas Milles, vicar.
On the Dissolution, the patronage of the vicarage, with the appropriated rectory, came to the Crown, and in the year 1600, John Osmond was collated by the Bishop, a lapse; in 1603, he returned 143 communicants.
1612, Arnold Suckerman, by the Bishop of Ely, being granted by Queen Elizabeth, to that see, on an exchange of land belonging to it. Mr. Matthew Stokes, fellow of Caius college, in Cambridge, held this rectory impropriate of that see, by lease; and gave about 1630, to that college for the stipend of one fellow, 3 scholars, &c. but the advowson remained in the see of Ely.
1671, Peter Boardman, by the Bishop of Ely.
1694, Noah Viales, by the Bishop of Ely.
1712, David Baldy. Ditto.
1730, Thomas Goddard. Ditto.
1732, William Williams. Ditto.
¶In the north isle, an old monument, or tomb, with the effigies of a man and woman, the arms and inscription defaced; this was in memory of an Inglose, or a Jenney, and had the arms of Gynney, paly of six, or and gules, a chief ermine, and gules, four bars gemelle, or, on a canton, argent, five billets saltier ways, sable, Inglose;—argent, 2 bars, and a canton, gules, over all a bend, sable, Boys;—also, quarterly, argent and azure, on a bend, sable, three martlets, or, Le Gross;— masculy, gules and ermin, Rokely;—azure, an escotcheon and orle of martlets, argent, Walcot;— Kerdeston; Stapleton; and ermin, on a chief gules, three fusils, ermin, Charles.
On the south side, Fastolf, with a label, argent, and Honing.
In a window, Inglose impaling Bois, and Inglose and Gynney, quarterly.
www.british-history.ac.uk/topographical-hist-norfolk/vol1...
This photograph appeared in the edition of the Norwich Mercury dated Saturday May 4 1918 along with the caption : Pte. J.C. Reed, son of Mr. J Reed, Northwold, killed in action.
Private REED, JOSEPH CHARLES
Service Number:………. 35906
Died:………………………….. 22/03/1918
Unit:……………………………..11th Bn., Essex Regiment
Commemorated:…………Arras Memorial
CWGC: www.cwgc.org/find-war-dead/casualty/1620348/reed,-joseph-...
Soldiers died in the Great War has Private 35906 Joseph Charles Reed recorded as born Mundford, resident Northwold and enlisted Norwich. He was Killed in Action on the 22nd March 1918 while serving in France & Flanders with the 11th Battalion, Essex Regiment. He was formerly 32217 Suffolk Regiment.
The Medal Index Card for Private 35906 J C Reed, Essex Regiment, is held at the National Archive under reference WO 372/16/177421
discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/D4807649
His Service Records do not appear to have survived the incendiary attack during the Blitz on the Warehouse where all the Other Ranks Army Service Records were stored.
No obvious missing person enquiry received by the International Red Cross.
No match on Picture Norfolk, the County Image Archive.
The Government Probabte Service holds a Soldiers Will for 35906 Joseph Charles Reed who died on the 22nd March 1918.
probatesearch.service.gov.uk/Wills?Surname=Reed&Surna...
He is recorded on the Northwold Roll of Honour as Charles Reed.
www.roll-of-honour.com/Norfolk/Northwold.html
The March 2017 edition of the Northwold Village Magazine records that he was born Mundford in 1888 to John and Mary Ann Reed.
www.northwold.net/Mar2017_web.pdf
1888 – Birth…………………………..
There is no birth recorded anywhere in Norfolk or Suffolk for a Joseph Charles Reed at this time. There is however a Joseph Charles Read. His birth was registered with the Civil Authorities in the District of Thetford in Norfolk in the October to December quarter, (Q4), of 1888. Thetford Civil Registration would have included the Civil Parish of Northwold.
The most likely marriage of his parents was that of a Joseph Reed to a Mary Ann Sutterby that was recorded in the Swaffham District of Norfolk in the October to December quarter, (Q4), of 1881. There is no likely match for the marriage of a Joseph Read to a Mary in Norfolk from that time.
1891 Census of England and Wales
The 2 year old Joseph “Read”, born Mundford, Norfolk, was recorded living at a Cottage, Cranwich, Norfolk. This was the household of his parents, Joseph, (aged 30, Farm Labourer, born Northwold, Norfolk) and Mary Ann, (aged 28, born Didlington, Norfolk). Children living with them are John, (7, born Northwold), Lilly, (6, born Mundford), and Thomas, (2? Months?, born Cranwich).
1901 Census of England and Wales
The 13 year old Joseph C Reed, an Agricultural Labourer born Mundford, Norfolk, was recorded living at one of the Cranwich Cottages, Cranwich. This was the household of his parents, Joseph, (aged 42, a County Roadman, born Northwold, Norfolk), and Mary A., (aged 38, born Didlington, Norfolk). As well as Joseph their other children still single and living with them are:-
Sidney……………aged 15…..born Mundford….Agricultural Labourer
Thomas William…aged 11…..born Cranwich
Sarah M………….aged 8…….born Cranwich
Edgar Stearn(?)…..aged 5……..born Cranwich
1907 / 1908 Marriage?........................
On the 1911 Census Joseph Charles and his new wife Florence Gertrude state they have been married three years. However a search of the marriage records for England & Wales for a period five years either side of 1907 fails to bring up a marriage for both a Joseph C. Reed and a Joseph C. Read. I then tried tracking down his wife to see if I could identify the marriage from her side. However there are no obvious matches for a Florence G, born Cressingham, and of the right age, on earlier censuses.
1911 Census of England and Wales
The 23 year old Joseph Charles Reed, a Farm Labourer born Mundford, was recorded as the married head of the household on Cliff Road, Willougton, Lincolnshire. Living with him is his wife of three years, Florence Gertrude, (aged 28, born Little Cressingham, Norfolk). The couple have had two children so far, both then still alive. They were Charlie Balaam(?), (3, born Redbourne, Lincolnshire) and Sidney Bailam(?), (1, born Willoughton, Lincolnshire).
His parents were recorded living at a dwelling on Cranwich Road, Northwold. Joseph, (51, a County Council Roadman) and Mary Ann, (47), have been married for 30 years and have had 9 children, of which 8 were then still alive. Still single and living at home were Sarah, (19), Edgar, (16, General Farm Labourer) and Mary, (6, born Northwold). Also in the household is Joseph’s brother George Reed, (aged 57 and born Northwold). The column to record infirmities records that he has been an umbecile since the age of 6. He is stated to be living off an allowance.
Until September 1911 the quarterly index published by the General Registrars Office did not show information about the mothers maiden name. A check of the General Registrars Office Index of Birth for England and Wales 1911 – 1983 shows no likely additional children for parents Joseph and Mary using either the Reed or Read surname spelling.
1915 Norfolk Register of Electors……
This edition of the Register records both a Joseph Read and a Joseph Charles Read who were entitled to vote in the Northwold Ward in Parliamentary, County Coucil and Parish Councils. Joseph is a (male) householder of a dwelling house at Cross ways. He had move their since the 1914 edition, which had shown him at Thetford Road, Northwold.
Meanwhie Joseph Charles was the (male) householder of a dwelling house on Methwold Road, Northwold.
Source: www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:2HTF-BJJ
On the day……………………………….
Early on the morning of 20th March 1918 the battalion arrived at Beugnâtre north of Bapaume. After morning baths at Bapaume and Favreuil that afternoon most of the battalion (except A Company and two platoons of B Company) travelled to Maricourt Wood to dig a trench called Lagnicourt Switch.
Around midnight the troops set off back to their camp at Beugny, which when reached was found to have been heavily shelled by the Germans as they began their 1918 Spring Offensive. The battalion proceeded to the Morchies sunken road and suffered many casualties there until around midday it went into action to attempt to slow the German advance which had taken British trenches. They were however forced back in the face of the German onslaught and many casualties were suffered around dusk as the majority of the battalion withdrew to the corps line.
After a fairly quiet, but unnerving night the enemy attack, the opening stages of the German 1918 Spring Offensive resumed on the morning of 22nd March 1918. A post-war history of the battalion described the day’s events and its aftermath:
“The early morning was again misty and advantage was taken of this by the enemy to place machine gun fire and trench mortars a short distance from the wire. Their movements were observed and from 7.30 a.m. until 11 a.m. a number were shot down. No communication had been established with the artillery, so that its fire could not be directed, but apart from this disadvantage the situation remained much the same until 4.30 p.m. when report came that the enemy had broken through the corps line to the north of Morchies and was moving south-west, rendering the position of the 18th Brigade [of which (11th Essex) battalion was a part] most critical.
By 6.30 p,m. it had become untenable, for the enemy penetrated the right flank and the Brigade was isolated, though for a time the stout resistance of two platoons of the Royal Scots afforded material aid. At midnight Brigade headquarters ordered withdrawal without waiting for relief. Buses were promised at the Monument, Favreuil-Sapignies road. but shells were falling around this point and no buses were available, so that the exhausted units of the Brigade staggered along the road to Buchanan Camp. All ranks fell asleep at each ten minutes’ halt, but there was no straggling, and at 6.30. a.m on March 23rd seven officers and 77 other ranks marched steadily into camp.
At 10 a.m. all men of the Battalion who were not in the fight were ordered to stand to ,and during the morning Captain Alexander and 80 other ranks dug a defensive line upon the ridge north-east of Aichet-le-Grand. The Germans had broken through at Mory and this work was done to arrest any further advance. The situation became easier during the day and the party was withdrawn early on the morning of March 24th. ‘Thus ended’ says the War Diary, ‘the Battalion’s part of the battle’.
The losses were very heavy. Ten officers were killed....and six wounded. Thirty-one other ranks were killed, 44 other ranks wounded and missing, 231 other ranks missing and 105 other ranks wounded - a total of 16 officers and 411 other ranks.”
www.chelmsfordwarmemorial.co.uk/first-world-war/chelmsfor...
From A Short History of the 6th Division by Thomas Owne Marden,
Reports from deserters that we were to be heavily attacked were persistent, and the Division stood to arms twice before 21st March. On 20th March aeroplane photos disclosed ammunition pits for seventy extra batteries opposite the divisional front, and when at 5 a.m. on 21st March the bombardment commenced, there was no doubt but that a real offensive had begun. Warning had been given overnight for all troops to be in battle positions by 5 a.m., but it came too late to stop working parties, and the reserve battalions of all brigades had marched ten miles before the battle commenced.
Fog favoured the Germans in that it prevented us seeing when the attack was launched, but every credit must be given them for the skill they evinced and the dash with which they pushed forward and brought up successive waves of attackers. By concentrating their efforts on the three main valleys, i.e. Noreuil Valley on our extreme left, Lagnicourt Valley in the centre and Morchies Valley on our extreme right, they avoided much of the fire which they would have encountered on the broad spurs, and thus worked round and isolated the garrisons of the latter. For five hours the bombardment continued with tremendous force, first with gas and H.E. on back areas to cut communications and disorganize reinforcements, later about 7 to 8 a.m. with smoke and H.E. on the forward system. The intensity of it may be gauged by the fact that four out of five concealed anti-tank guns were knocked out by direct hits.
This bombardment annihilated the garrisons of the forward system, and few survivors came back to the reserve line.
The only authenticated accounts of a successful resistance in the front system were from the 71st Infantry Brigade, (p. 047) where both 9th Norfolks and 2nd Sherwood Foresters repulsed the first attack. By 10.30 a.m. the enemy had nearly reached Noreuil and had driven back the 59th Division on our left, leaving the left flank of the 16th Infantry Brigade in the air, while its right flank went shortly afterwards, as the enemy captured Lagnicourt, driving in the Sherwood Foresters in the valley. The 16th Infantry Brigade was gradually squeezed out towards the corps line, where at 4 p.m. parties from the Divisional Bombing School counter-attacked and drove the enemy out of trenches on the immediate left. The 71st Infantry Brigade, with its right flank secure, threw back a defensive flank south-west of Lagnicourt, and successfully prevented issue from that village to the high ground. The enemy broke into Skipton Reserve Strong Point, but were thrown out again by a counter-attack of Norfolks and Leicesters.
Coming up a subsidiary valley the enemy nearly drove a wedge between 71st and 18th Infantry Brigades, but the 2nd D.L.I. counter-attacked gallantly and kept them out till dusk. On the right of the 18th Infantry Brigade, however, the enemy advanced up the Morchies Valley, capturing the left trenches of the 51st Division on our right at about 10 a.m.
The 2nd West Yorks, reinforced by two companies 11th Essex, gallantly led by Lt.-Col. Boyall, D.S.O., who was subsequently wounded and captured, drove back three attacks issuing from our support line. The 18th Infantry Brigade held on till 7 p.m. when, in trying to withdraw, it suffered heavy casualties. The last company was not overwhelmed till 8.30 p.m. The 18th and 71st Infantry Brigades, therefore, maintained their hold on the ground Lagnicourt and the Morchies Valley all day, though the enemy had penetrated far in rear on both flanks.
When darkness fell the remnants of the Division were back in the corps line, together with three battalions of the 75th Infantry Brigade (25th Division), the remaining troops (p. 048) of the Division not being strong enough to hold the line unaided. The 11th Cheshires were with 18th Infantry Brigade, 2nd South Lancs with 71st Infantry Brigade, and 8th Border Regiment with 16th Infantry Brigade.
The night was quiet, both sides preparing for the next day's struggle.
At 7.30 a.m. on 22nd March the 16th Infantry Brigade repulsed an attack, but the enemy renewed his efforts with great persistence, and with much heavy bombardment and trench-mortaring, at 9.30 a.m. and onwards in the vicinity of Vaux and Méricourt Woods. Though frequent counter-attacks were made, the troops were forced back little by little from the corps line towards some improvised trenches hastily dug under the C.R.E.'s (Col. Goldney) direction some 1,000 yards in rear, and manned partially by men from the Corps Reinforcement Camp under Major Jones of the 2nd D.L.I. As an example of the tenacious fighting, a sunken road which contained the Headquarters of the 16th and 71st Infantry Brigades changed hands three times. Throughout the day Lt.-Col. Latham, D.S.O., commanding 1st Leicesters, and Lt.-Col. Dumbell, D.S.O., commanding 11th Battalion Essex Regiment, distinguished themselves greatly in the defence of their sectors of the line. On the right of the Division the control had passed by dusk to the G.O.C., 75th Infantry Brigade (29th Division)--the 18th Infantry Brigade having only about 100 of all ranks left. On the left there was a large gap between the 16th Infantry Brigade and the 40th Division, which had been pushed up towards Vaux Vraucourt, and this the 6th Division had no troops with which to fill it. The enemy's pressure on the flanks of the 16th Infantry Brigade and in the centre on the 71st Infantry Brigade caused the line to fall back on the new Army line which was being dug and wired. This was done in good order, and at nightfall the weary remnants of the Division were relieved by the 41st Division and concentrated in the vicinity of Achiet, the artillery remaining (p. 049) behind and fighting in the subsequent withdrawal up to 26th March.
The Division had put up a resistance of which it had every reason to be proud, and which won for it the following letter from the G.O.C., Third Army (General Sir J. Byng):--
"I cannot allow the 6th Division to leave the Third Army without expressing my appreciation of their splendid conduct during the first stages of the great battle now in progress.
"By their devotion and courage they have broken up overwhelming attacks and prevented the enemy gaining his object, namely a decisive victory.
"I wish them every possible good luck."
To this magnificent result all ranks and all arms had contributed, and it is perhaps invidious to single out special instances for mention. The gallant stand of the 18th and 71st Infantry Brigades in the reserve line throughout the whole of the first day has already been referred to. Other outstanding incidents are the counter-attack by part of the 2nd D.L.I. against the enemy advancing from our support line, which relieved the pressure on the reserve line and captured four machine-guns; the holding out of a post of the West Yorks on the east side of the Morchies Valley from 10 a.m. to 3 p.m. though completely commanded and surrounded; the counter-attacks by companies of the 1st Leicestershire Regiment and 9th Norfolk Regiment, which restored the situation in the Skipton Strong Point just east of Lagnicourt; that of a company of the 11th Leicestershire Regiment which drove the enemy out of the corps line when he had established a footing in it on the afternoon of the 21st; and that of the two platoons formed from the 16th Infantry Brigade School which regained posts on the extreme left of the corps line in the Divisional area on the evening of the 21st.
Another gallant deed must be mentioned. Sergt. Shales, (p. 050) R.E., and another signaller went from 18th Infantry Brigade Headquarters to a distributor station 400 yards distant during the full force of the bombardment, sorted out and tested wires in the open, and thus established communication between the front trenches and Battalion Headquarters. The burying and connecting up of the cable was to have been completed the day of the attack.
The casualties in the infantry were extremely heavy, amounting in the two days to some 3,900 out of a total for the Division of somewhat over 5,000 engaged, and out of a total trench strength of less than 5,000 infantry. The 18th Infantry Brigade suffered particularly heavily, being only able to muster in its three battalions 8 officers and 110 other ranks of those who had been through the fight, including 32 at Battalion Headquarters.
The Machine-gun Battalion did excellent service and great execution, many guns remaining in action until the enemy were within a few yards of them. Its losses were heavy--14 officers and 280 other ranks.
The field companies suffered heavily, and rendered good service as infantry. Special mention may be made of the action of 12th Field Company under Capt. Langley, who rallied some 300 stragglers of various units and filled a gap between the 18th Infantry Brigade and troops on its left.
The 11th Leicesters, under the gallant leading of Major Radford, fought splendidly, losing 14 officers and over 200 other ranks.
The artillery performed magnificent services, particularly on the 21st March. All guns that were not destroyed by the enemy's bombardment were fought until all the ammunition was expended or the enemy's infantry reached their position. The gunners enjoyed the novel experience of firing over open sights and seeing the effect of their fire, and not only with their guns but with rifles and Lewis guns did they inflict very heavy casualties on the (p. 051) enemy. The 42nd Battery, having kept their three forward guns in action after our infantry had fallen back behind them, succeeded in bringing the two that were not destroyed away, under the very noses of the enemy and through a heavy barrage and machine-gun fire. The forward section of the 53rd Battery had one gun destroyed. Lieut. Reeves got the other into the open, and, after firing 850 rounds with it over open sights and having exhausted his ammunition, brought back his detachment and the breech-block. The forward section of the 87th Battery continued firing until rushed by the enemy's infantry. Sergt. Pengelly of the 112th Battery, who was in command of a 15-pounder in an anti-tank position, having had his gun destroyed in the preliminary bombardment, fought for two days with the infantry, in command of a platoon, and did great execution himself with a pickaxe. A forward gun of the 110th Battery was fought until all its ammunition was expended, and the breech-block was then removed with the enemy almost on the top of the gun. For over seven hours the main battery fired on the enemy at ranges from 1,200 to 600 yards, expending over 2,400 rounds. The forward gun of the 111th Battery, after expending all its ammunition (500 rounds), largely over open sights, was withdrawn and brought into action again in the main position, a team coming up in full view of the enemy, and under very heavy shelling and a hail of bullets, for the purpose. The 112th Battery had two guns in action in advance of the corps line. These remained in action until all their ammunition was expended, and the detachments then withdrew with all their wounded and the breech-blocks of their guns, the enemy being by this time actually on the wire of the corps line.
The instances quoted are only typical of the conduct of the whole of the artillery of the Division, which fully justified the very high reputation it has always enjoyed, and the confidence which the infantry of the Division has always felt in its own artillery.
The (p. 052) morning of the 23rd March found the remnants of the Division, less artillery, assembled about Achiet-le-Grand and Bihucourt. The survivors of the 18th Infantry Brigade numbered 8 officers and 110 other ranks; those of the 71st Infantry Brigade 11 officers and 279 other ranks. Each of these brigades had had a trench strength on the morning of the 21st of just over 1,800 all ranks. Figures for the 16th Infantry Brigade are not available. The Division was most fortunate in having very few senior officers killed, though many were wounded. The most noticeable casualties among the killed were Major Lyon, 2nd Brigade, R.F.A., Majors Williamson and Wingate, D.S.O., M.C., R.E., and Capt. Harbottle, M.C., 1st Leicesters.
Even after relief the Division was not able to enjoy the rest it had so richly deserved, and of which it stood so much in need. The further progress of the enemy's attack and constant alarms necessitated its preparing and taking up a position of readiness covering Achiet, throughout the 23rd and the 24th.
On the 25th March it entrained for the north, to join the Second Army in its old haunts in the Ypres Salient.
www.gutenberg.org/files/20115/20115-h/20115-h.htm#page044
Mildly photoshopped to minimise impact of damage present on the original image.
I saw St Nicholas from the main road, and with time enough for an unplanned stop.
You approach St Nicholas down a narrow lane, with enough space for a single car to park outside; maybe I missed the "official" car park, but I don't thin so.
And walking through the churchyard, the thing you notice if the half tower at the west end of the church. Was this some kind of ancient abandoned Norman structure, with a Victorian rebuild bolted on?
-----------------------------------------
St Nicholas is visible off in the fields from the Wroxham road, but from this angle appears very odd; you need a second glance to reassure yourself that it really is a church. There is a truncated round tower which has all the appearance of a vast flower vase, and as you get closer you can see the clean lines and unknapped flint that suggests a considerable restoration.
In fact, nothing that you see is ancient, and virtually all of it is 20th century. The church was built in the 1930s, and the stump of tower comes from only a hundred years earlier. I'm not convinced that it has ever been any higher - I think the 'ruins' against the west wall were a folly. The medieval building was demolished in the 18th century and replaced with a new building. This appears to have been done on the cheap, and 19th century additions and elaborations, like the round tower, could not prolong its life. So, it was demolished and completely rebuilt, the stump retained as a baptistery.
When you know this, you can see at once the clean 1930s lines, the Gothic revival stripped of all Victorian neuroses. Inside and out, there is a modernistic simplicity to this articulate rendering of Norfolk vernacular; even the angel roof is understated. An American correspondent of mine, on seeing these pictures, said that it was like a college dining hall, and I think that is exactly right.
St Nicholas successfully combines this simplicity with an air of Anglo-catholic devotion. The stations of the cross are most unusual, large format photographs of what appear to be artist's dummies set in the positions of the way of the cross. Survivals from the old church include a medieval font and the organ, and a large piece of lead set in a wooden frame. It has a long Latin inscription on it, and with the limited resources I could drag up from school days I took it to be from the roof, since it seems to describe the demolition of the old west end and the building of the round tower in 1835.
As at Worstead, there are photographs of everyone on the war memorial, which is a lovely thing to do. And this is a lovely church, a simple yet splendid modern building set alone in the barley fields, well used, much loved, and open to pilgrims and strangers every day.
Simon Knott, April 2005
www.norfolkchurches.co.uk/dilham/dilham.htm
------------------------------------------
Robert Lord Mallet was lord of the most considerable manor of this town, (fn. 1) of which Edric was deprived; there belonged to it one carucate of land, 9 borderers, one carucate in demean, and 6 acres of meadow, &c. 2 socmen, and the moiety of another held 50 acres, and 2 borderers, with 2 acres of meadow, valued then at 30s. at the survey at 35s. it was eleven furlongs long, and 6 broad, and paid 9d. gelt. (fn. 2)
The family of the Glanviles were enfeoft of it: William de Glanvile was lord in the reign of Henry I. and gave the church to the priory of Bromholm. After them the family of De Gyney held it.
Sir Roger Gyney, son of Sir William Gyney, was lord in the reign of Edward I. and his son Sir William in the 16th of Edward II. and the 21st of Edward III. as was Sir Roger, who by his will, here dated in 1376, requires to be buried in this church, and gives to John his son, this lordship, who by the name of Sir John Gyney, made his will, and gave this manor after the death of Alice his wife, to Sir Henry Inglos, and was proved in 1423, November 5: the said Henry Inglos was in the wars of France, and in the 3d of Henry V. then an esquire, preferred a libel in the court of the constable and Earl-Marshal of England, against Sir John Tiptoft, who had retained him with 16 lances, several archers, &c. and refused to pay him, and so he the said Henry declares that —"He was ready by the help of God and St. George, to prove against the said Sir John, body to body, as the law and custom of arms required in that behalf; (fn. 3) " and in 1421, being then a knight, was taken prisoner at the battle at Bengy in France, where the Duke of Clarence was slain; and in the 5th of Henry VI. he being proxy for Sir John Fastolf, was installed Knight of the Garter for him.
By his will, dated June 20, 1451, he requires to be buried in the presbytery of the priory of Horsham St. Faith's, by Ann his wife; gives to the prior and canons of Ingham 20s. Henry his son and heir, succeeded him, whose son, Edward Inglose, sold it by fine with 10 messuages, &c. to John Bozun, Esq.; after this it came to the Windhams, and Thomas Windham, Esq. was lord in 1570, and in this family it remains, William Windham, Esq. of Felbrig, the late lord dying in 176-.
St. Bennet Of Holm's Fee.
At the survey, the abbot of St. Bennet bad a socman, with 30 acres of land, a borderer, and one carucate valued at 6s. 8d. (fn. 4)
This, as I take it, was held of the abbot, by the lords abovementioned; Odo, the cross-bow man, is said to have held of the abbot, that which Reinberius had. (fn. 5)
Alan Earl of Richmond had in Dilham, and Panceford, a hamlet, probably, to Dilham, 50 acres of land, which a socman of Ralph Stalre was deprived of, 2 villains, and 2 borderers, &c. belonged to it, with one carucate and an acre of meadow, valued at 8s. but at the survey at 5s. (fn. 6)
Ralph, son of Ribald, gave to the church of the Holy Trinity of Norwich, all his lands in Dilham, and Panksford: Ribald was a brother of Earl Alan. Ralph, in his deed, (fn. 7) declares that he gave it for his own soul, that of Robert his son, and of his lord, Earl Alan, and in recompense of a benefaction, the monks of Norwich having paid for him 20 marks to Morell, a Jew, and so acquitted him of it; (the seal is round and the impress a cross flory) and it is now in the dean and chapter of Norwich.
Roger Bigot had also 60 acres of land, of which a freeman of Edric had been deprived; to it belonged 5 borderers, one carucate and an acre of meadow, and this was valued in Suffield. (fn. 8)
Pope Alexander III. in 1176, in the 17th year of his pontificate, granted to John, Bishop of Norwich, the land of Ralph, son of Ribald, which Richard, prior of Norwich, bought of Ralph, of the fee of Hugh Bigod. (fn. 9)
Ralph le Buteler of Heslington, by York, granted to the prior, &c. of Norwich, all his right in 40s. per ann. which William de Crostweyt used to pay him out of a tenement and lands here, in 1282.
The temporalities of this priory valued at 57s. 4d. in 1428, and is now in the dean and chapter of Norwich.
The tenths were 5l. 5s. 5d. ob.; Deducted 26s. 8d.—The temporalities of Bromholm priory 5s. 4d.
Henry Inglos, Esq. son of Sir Henry, died lord on September 15, Ao. 3, Henry VIII. and left by Anne his wife, Edward, aged 18.
The Church is a rectory, dedicated to St. Nicholas, granted to the priory of Bromholm, by William de Glanvile the founder, and appropriated to it, being valued at 20 marks per ann. a vicarage was ordained, valued at two marks, the present valor of which is 5l. 7s. 10d. and is discharged.—Peter-pence were 18d.
In the register of Bromholm, fol. 43, it appears that there was a controversy between Sir William de Gyney, and the prior, about the advowson of this church, and Sir William covenanted to release and levy a fine, the prior paying him 45 marks of silver, and to deliver a deed under seal.—Dated at Crostweyt, in the 2d of Edward I. reserving to himself the right to his chapel here, and the services of the prior's tenants.
Vicars.
Richard, occurs vicar in 1299,
1304, Clement de Wycton, instituted vicar, presented by the prior, &c. of Bromholm.
1320, Bartholomew de Wycton.
1323, Richard de Baketon.
1324, William de Folsham.
1348, John Waterden.
1360, John de Cressingham.
1360, John Aylwode.
1373, William Osmound.
1397, Jeff. Haldeyn.
1426, John Northgate.
1429, Sim. Dacke.
1434, John Bounde.
1435, Sim. Dacke.
1449, John Cowper, by the Bishop, a lapse.
1464, Thomas Skoles, by the prior, &c.
1468, Jeff. Ilberb; by his will in 1498, gives 6 marks for a vestment for a priest; 6 marks to repair a pane of peynting in the church, and the profits of 3 roods of land to the vicaryes here to sing onys in the yere for him, &c. Placebo and Dirige.
1498, Thomas Garton.
1517, Edm. Curtes.
1527, Ralph Lyster.
1535, Peter Ingham.
Thomas Milles, vicar.
On the Dissolution, the patronage of the vicarage, with the appropriated rectory, came to the Crown, and in the year 1600, John Osmond was collated by the Bishop, a lapse; in 1603, he returned 143 communicants.
1612, Arnold Suckerman, by the Bishop of Ely, being granted by Queen Elizabeth, to that see, on an exchange of land belonging to it. Mr. Matthew Stokes, fellow of Caius college, in Cambridge, held this rectory impropriate of that see, by lease; and gave about 1630, to that college for the stipend of one fellow, 3 scholars, &c. but the advowson remained in the see of Ely.
1671, Peter Boardman, by the Bishop of Ely.
1694, Noah Viales, by the Bishop of Ely.
1712, David Baldy. Ditto.
1730, Thomas Goddard. Ditto.
1732, William Williams. Ditto.
¶In the north isle, an old monument, or tomb, with the effigies of a man and woman, the arms and inscription defaced; this was in memory of an Inglose, or a Jenney, and had the arms of Gynney, paly of six, or and gules, a chief ermine, and gules, four bars gemelle, or, on a canton, argent, five billets saltier ways, sable, Inglose;—argent, 2 bars, and a canton, gules, over all a bend, sable, Boys;—also, quarterly, argent and azure, on a bend, sable, three martlets, or, Le Gross;— masculy, gules and ermin, Rokely;—azure, an escotcheon and orle of martlets, argent, Walcot;— Kerdeston; Stapleton; and ermin, on a chief gules, three fusils, ermin, Charles.
On the south side, Fastolf, with a label, argent, and Honing.
In a window, Inglose impaling Bois, and Inglose and Gynney, quarterly.
www.british-history.ac.uk/topographical-hist-norfolk/vol1...
I saw St Nicholas from the main road, and with time enough for an unplanned stop.
You approach St Nicholas down a narrow lane, with enough space for a single car to park outside; maybe I missed the "official" car park, but I don't thin so.
And walking through the churchyard, the thing you notice if the half tower at the west end of the church. Was this some kind of ancient abandoned Norman structure, with a Victorian rebuild bolted on?
-----------------------------------------
St Nicholas is visible off in the fields from the Wroxham road, but from this angle appears very odd; you need a second glance to reassure yourself that it really is a church. There is a truncated round tower which has all the appearance of a vast flower vase, and as you get closer you can see the clean lines and unknapped flint that suggests a considerable restoration.
In fact, nothing that you see is ancient, and virtually all of it is 20th century. The church was built in the 1930s, and the stump of tower comes from only a hundred years earlier. I'm not convinced that it has ever been any higher - I think the 'ruins' against the west wall were a folly. The medieval building was demolished in the 18th century and replaced with a new building. This appears to have been done on the cheap, and 19th century additions and elaborations, like the round tower, could not prolong its life. So, it was demolished and completely rebuilt, the stump retained as a baptistery.
When you know this, you can see at once the clean 1930s lines, the Gothic revival stripped of all Victorian neuroses. Inside and out, there is a modernistic simplicity to this articulate rendering of Norfolk vernacular; even the angel roof is understated. An American correspondent of mine, on seeing these pictures, said that it was like a college dining hall, and I think that is exactly right.
St Nicholas successfully combines this simplicity with an air of Anglo-catholic devotion. The stations of the cross are most unusual, large format photographs of what appear to be artist's dummies set in the positions of the way of the cross. Survivals from the old church include a medieval font and the organ, and a large piece of lead set in a wooden frame. It has a long Latin inscription on it, and with the limited resources I could drag up from school days I took it to be from the roof, since it seems to describe the demolition of the old west end and the building of the round tower in 1835.
As at Worstead, there are photographs of everyone on the war memorial, which is a lovely thing to do. And this is a lovely church, a simple yet splendid modern building set alone in the barley fields, well used, much loved, and open to pilgrims and strangers every day.
Simon Knott, April 2005
www.norfolkchurches.co.uk/dilham/dilham.htm
------------------------------------------
Robert Lord Mallet was lord of the most considerable manor of this town, (fn. 1) of which Edric was deprived; there belonged to it one carucate of land, 9 borderers, one carucate in demean, and 6 acres of meadow, &c. 2 socmen, and the moiety of another held 50 acres, and 2 borderers, with 2 acres of meadow, valued then at 30s. at the survey at 35s. it was eleven furlongs long, and 6 broad, and paid 9d. gelt. (fn. 2)
The family of the Glanviles were enfeoft of it: William de Glanvile was lord in the reign of Henry I. and gave the church to the priory of Bromholm. After them the family of De Gyney held it.
Sir Roger Gyney, son of Sir William Gyney, was lord in the reign of Edward I. and his son Sir William in the 16th of Edward II. and the 21st of Edward III. as was Sir Roger, who by his will, here dated in 1376, requires to be buried in this church, and gives to John his son, this lordship, who by the name of Sir John Gyney, made his will, and gave this manor after the death of Alice his wife, to Sir Henry Inglos, and was proved in 1423, November 5: the said Henry Inglos was in the wars of France, and in the 3d of Henry V. then an esquire, preferred a libel in the court of the constable and Earl-Marshal of England, against Sir John Tiptoft, who had retained him with 16 lances, several archers, &c. and refused to pay him, and so he the said Henry declares that —"He was ready by the help of God and St. George, to prove against the said Sir John, body to body, as the law and custom of arms required in that behalf; (fn. 3) " and in 1421, being then a knight, was taken prisoner at the battle at Bengy in France, where the Duke of Clarence was slain; and in the 5th of Henry VI. he being proxy for Sir John Fastolf, was installed Knight of the Garter for him.
By his will, dated June 20, 1451, he requires to be buried in the presbytery of the priory of Horsham St. Faith's, by Ann his wife; gives to the prior and canons of Ingham 20s. Henry his son and heir, succeeded him, whose son, Edward Inglose, sold it by fine with 10 messuages, &c. to John Bozun, Esq.; after this it came to the Windhams, and Thomas Windham, Esq. was lord in 1570, and in this family it remains, William Windham, Esq. of Felbrig, the late lord dying in 176-.
St. Bennet Of Holm's Fee.
At the survey, the abbot of St. Bennet bad a socman, with 30 acres of land, a borderer, and one carucate valued at 6s. 8d. (fn. 4)
This, as I take it, was held of the abbot, by the lords abovementioned; Odo, the cross-bow man, is said to have held of the abbot, that which Reinberius had. (fn. 5)
Alan Earl of Richmond had in Dilham, and Panceford, a hamlet, probably, to Dilham, 50 acres of land, which a socman of Ralph Stalre was deprived of, 2 villains, and 2 borderers, &c. belonged to it, with one carucate and an acre of meadow, valued at 8s. but at the survey at 5s. (fn. 6)
Ralph, son of Ribald, gave to the church of the Holy Trinity of Norwich, all his lands in Dilham, and Panksford: Ribald was a brother of Earl Alan. Ralph, in his deed, (fn. 7) declares that he gave it for his own soul, that of Robert his son, and of his lord, Earl Alan, and in recompense of a benefaction, the monks of Norwich having paid for him 20 marks to Morell, a Jew, and so acquitted him of it; (the seal is round and the impress a cross flory) and it is now in the dean and chapter of Norwich.
Roger Bigot had also 60 acres of land, of which a freeman of Edric had been deprived; to it belonged 5 borderers, one carucate and an acre of meadow, and this was valued in Suffield. (fn. 8)
Pope Alexander III. in 1176, in the 17th year of his pontificate, granted to John, Bishop of Norwich, the land of Ralph, son of Ribald, which Richard, prior of Norwich, bought of Ralph, of the fee of Hugh Bigod. (fn. 9)
Ralph le Buteler of Heslington, by York, granted to the prior, &c. of Norwich, all his right in 40s. per ann. which William de Crostweyt used to pay him out of a tenement and lands here, in 1282.
The temporalities of this priory valued at 57s. 4d. in 1428, and is now in the dean and chapter of Norwich.
The tenths were 5l. 5s. 5d. ob.; Deducted 26s. 8d.—The temporalities of Bromholm priory 5s. 4d.
Henry Inglos, Esq. son of Sir Henry, died lord on September 15, Ao. 3, Henry VIII. and left by Anne his wife, Edward, aged 18.
The Church is a rectory, dedicated to St. Nicholas, granted to the priory of Bromholm, by William de Glanvile the founder, and appropriated to it, being valued at 20 marks per ann. a vicarage was ordained, valued at two marks, the present valor of which is 5l. 7s. 10d. and is discharged.—Peter-pence were 18d.
In the register of Bromholm, fol. 43, it appears that there was a controversy between Sir William de Gyney, and the prior, about the advowson of this church, and Sir William covenanted to release and levy a fine, the prior paying him 45 marks of silver, and to deliver a deed under seal.—Dated at Crostweyt, in the 2d of Edward I. reserving to himself the right to his chapel here, and the services of the prior's tenants.
Vicars.
Richard, occurs vicar in 1299,
1304, Clement de Wycton, instituted vicar, presented by the prior, &c. of Bromholm.
1320, Bartholomew de Wycton.
1323, Richard de Baketon.
1324, William de Folsham.
1348, John Waterden.
1360, John de Cressingham.
1360, John Aylwode.
1373, William Osmound.
1397, Jeff. Haldeyn.
1426, John Northgate.
1429, Sim. Dacke.
1434, John Bounde.
1435, Sim. Dacke.
1449, John Cowper, by the Bishop, a lapse.
1464, Thomas Skoles, by the prior, &c.
1468, Jeff. Ilberb; by his will in 1498, gives 6 marks for a vestment for a priest; 6 marks to repair a pane of peynting in the church, and the profits of 3 roods of land to the vicaryes here to sing onys in the yere for him, &c. Placebo and Dirige.
1498, Thomas Garton.
1517, Edm. Curtes.
1527, Ralph Lyster.
1535, Peter Ingham.
Thomas Milles, vicar.
On the Dissolution, the patronage of the vicarage, with the appropriated rectory, came to the Crown, and in the year 1600, John Osmond was collated by the Bishop, a lapse; in 1603, he returned 143 communicants.
1612, Arnold Suckerman, by the Bishop of Ely, being granted by Queen Elizabeth, to that see, on an exchange of land belonging to it. Mr. Matthew Stokes, fellow of Caius college, in Cambridge, held this rectory impropriate of that see, by lease; and gave about 1630, to that college for the stipend of one fellow, 3 scholars, &c. but the advowson remained in the see of Ely.
1671, Peter Boardman, by the Bishop of Ely.
1694, Noah Viales, by the Bishop of Ely.
1712, David Baldy. Ditto.
1730, Thomas Goddard. Ditto.
1732, William Williams. Ditto.
¶In the north isle, an old monument, or tomb, with the effigies of a man and woman, the arms and inscription defaced; this was in memory of an Inglose, or a Jenney, and had the arms of Gynney, paly of six, or and gules, a chief ermine, and gules, four bars gemelle, or, on a canton, argent, five billets saltier ways, sable, Inglose;—argent, 2 bars, and a canton, gules, over all a bend, sable, Boys;—also, quarterly, argent and azure, on a bend, sable, three martlets, or, Le Gross;— masculy, gules and ermin, Rokely;—azure, an escotcheon and orle of martlets, argent, Walcot;— Kerdeston; Stapleton; and ermin, on a chief gules, three fusils, ermin, Charles.
On the south side, Fastolf, with a label, argent, and Honing.
In a window, Inglose impaling Bois, and Inglose and Gynney, quarterly.
www.british-history.ac.uk/topographical-hist-norfolk/vol1...
The Battle of Stirling Bridge was a battle of the First War of Scottish Independence. On 11 September 1297, the forces of Andrew Moray and William Wallace defeated the combined English forces of John de Warenne, 6th Earl of Surrey, and Hugh de Cressingham near Stirling, on the River Forth. This is not the actual bridge it was fought on as it is reported that the bridge was wooden. You can see the Monument to William Wallace on the right hand side of the photograph.
I saw St Nicholas from the main road, and with time enough for an unplanned stop.
You approach St Nicholas down a narrow lane, with enough space for a single car to park outside; maybe I missed the "official" car park, but I don't thin so.
And walking through the churchyard, the thing you notice if the half tower at the west end of the church. Was this some kind of ancient abandoned Norman structure, with a Victorian rebuild bolted on?
-----------------------------------------
St Nicholas is visible off in the fields from the Wroxham road, but from this angle appears very odd; you need a second glance to reassure yourself that it really is a church. There is a truncated round tower which has all the appearance of a vast flower vase, and as you get closer you can see the clean lines and unknapped flint that suggests a considerable restoration.
In fact, nothing that you see is ancient, and virtually all of it is 20th century. The church was built in the 1930s, and the stump of tower comes from only a hundred years earlier. I'm not convinced that it has ever been any higher - I think the 'ruins' against the west wall were a folly. The medieval building was demolished in the 18th century and replaced with a new building. This appears to have been done on the cheap, and 19th century additions and elaborations, like the round tower, could not prolong its life. So, it was demolished and completely rebuilt, the stump retained as a baptistery.
When you know this, you can see at once the clean 1930s lines, the Gothic revival stripped of all Victorian neuroses. Inside and out, there is a modernistic simplicity to this articulate rendering of Norfolk vernacular; even the angel roof is understated. An American correspondent of mine, on seeing these pictures, said that it was like a college dining hall, and I think that is exactly right.
St Nicholas successfully combines this simplicity with an air of Anglo-catholic devotion. The stations of the cross are most unusual, large format photographs of what appear to be artist's dummies set in the positions of the way of the cross. Survivals from the old church include a medieval font and the organ, and a large piece of lead set in a wooden frame. It has a long Latin inscription on it, and with the limited resources I could drag up from school days I took it to be from the roof, since it seems to describe the demolition of the old west end and the building of the round tower in 1835.
As at Worstead, there are photographs of everyone on the war memorial, which is a lovely thing to do. And this is a lovely church, a simple yet splendid modern building set alone in the barley fields, well used, much loved, and open to pilgrims and strangers every day.
Simon Knott, April 2005
www.norfolkchurches.co.uk/dilham/dilham.htm
------------------------------------------
Robert Lord Mallet was lord of the most considerable manor of this town, (fn. 1) of which Edric was deprived; there belonged to it one carucate of land, 9 borderers, one carucate in demean, and 6 acres of meadow, &c. 2 socmen, and the moiety of another held 50 acres, and 2 borderers, with 2 acres of meadow, valued then at 30s. at the survey at 35s. it was eleven furlongs long, and 6 broad, and paid 9d. gelt. (fn. 2)
The family of the Glanviles were enfeoft of it: William de Glanvile was lord in the reign of Henry I. and gave the church to the priory of Bromholm. After them the family of De Gyney held it.
Sir Roger Gyney, son of Sir William Gyney, was lord in the reign of Edward I. and his son Sir William in the 16th of Edward II. and the 21st of Edward III. as was Sir Roger, who by his will, here dated in 1376, requires to be buried in this church, and gives to John his son, this lordship, who by the name of Sir John Gyney, made his will, and gave this manor after the death of Alice his wife, to Sir Henry Inglos, and was proved in 1423, November 5: the said Henry Inglos was in the wars of France, and in the 3d of Henry V. then an esquire, preferred a libel in the court of the constable and Earl-Marshal of England, against Sir John Tiptoft, who had retained him with 16 lances, several archers, &c. and refused to pay him, and so he the said Henry declares that —"He was ready by the help of God and St. George, to prove against the said Sir John, body to body, as the law and custom of arms required in that behalf; (fn. 3) " and in 1421, being then a knight, was taken prisoner at the battle at Bengy in France, where the Duke of Clarence was slain; and in the 5th of Henry VI. he being proxy for Sir John Fastolf, was installed Knight of the Garter for him.
By his will, dated June 20, 1451, he requires to be buried in the presbytery of the priory of Horsham St. Faith's, by Ann his wife; gives to the prior and canons of Ingham 20s. Henry his son and heir, succeeded him, whose son, Edward Inglose, sold it by fine with 10 messuages, &c. to John Bozun, Esq.; after this it came to the Windhams, and Thomas Windham, Esq. was lord in 1570, and in this family it remains, William Windham, Esq. of Felbrig, the late lord dying in 176-.
St. Bennet Of Holm's Fee.
At the survey, the abbot of St. Bennet bad a socman, with 30 acres of land, a borderer, and one carucate valued at 6s. 8d. (fn. 4)
This, as I take it, was held of the abbot, by the lords abovementioned; Odo, the cross-bow man, is said to have held of the abbot, that which Reinberius had. (fn. 5)
Alan Earl of Richmond had in Dilham, and Panceford, a hamlet, probably, to Dilham, 50 acres of land, which a socman of Ralph Stalre was deprived of, 2 villains, and 2 borderers, &c. belonged to it, with one carucate and an acre of meadow, valued at 8s. but at the survey at 5s. (fn. 6)
Ralph, son of Ribald, gave to the church of the Holy Trinity of Norwich, all his lands in Dilham, and Panksford: Ribald was a brother of Earl Alan. Ralph, in his deed, (fn. 7) declares that he gave it for his own soul, that of Robert his son, and of his lord, Earl Alan, and in recompense of a benefaction, the monks of Norwich having paid for him 20 marks to Morell, a Jew, and so acquitted him of it; (the seal is round and the impress a cross flory) and it is now in the dean and chapter of Norwich.
Roger Bigot had also 60 acres of land, of which a freeman of Edric had been deprived; to it belonged 5 borderers, one carucate and an acre of meadow, and this was valued in Suffield. (fn. 8)
Pope Alexander III. in 1176, in the 17th year of his pontificate, granted to John, Bishop of Norwich, the land of Ralph, son of Ribald, which Richard, prior of Norwich, bought of Ralph, of the fee of Hugh Bigod. (fn. 9)
Ralph le Buteler of Heslington, by York, granted to the prior, &c. of Norwich, all his right in 40s. per ann. which William de Crostweyt used to pay him out of a tenement and lands here, in 1282.
The temporalities of this priory valued at 57s. 4d. in 1428, and is now in the dean and chapter of Norwich.
The tenths were 5l. 5s. 5d. ob.; Deducted 26s. 8d.—The temporalities of Bromholm priory 5s. 4d.
Henry Inglos, Esq. son of Sir Henry, died lord on September 15, Ao. 3, Henry VIII. and left by Anne his wife, Edward, aged 18.
The Church is a rectory, dedicated to St. Nicholas, granted to the priory of Bromholm, by William de Glanvile the founder, and appropriated to it, being valued at 20 marks per ann. a vicarage was ordained, valued at two marks, the present valor of which is 5l. 7s. 10d. and is discharged.—Peter-pence were 18d.
In the register of Bromholm, fol. 43, it appears that there was a controversy between Sir William de Gyney, and the prior, about the advowson of this church, and Sir William covenanted to release and levy a fine, the prior paying him 45 marks of silver, and to deliver a deed under seal.—Dated at Crostweyt, in the 2d of Edward I. reserving to himself the right to his chapel here, and the services of the prior's tenants.
Vicars.
Richard, occurs vicar in 1299,
1304, Clement de Wycton, instituted vicar, presented by the prior, &c. of Bromholm.
1320, Bartholomew de Wycton.
1323, Richard de Baketon.
1324, William de Folsham.
1348, John Waterden.
1360, John de Cressingham.
1360, John Aylwode.
1373, William Osmound.
1397, Jeff. Haldeyn.
1426, John Northgate.
1429, Sim. Dacke.
1434, John Bounde.
1435, Sim. Dacke.
1449, John Cowper, by the Bishop, a lapse.
1464, Thomas Skoles, by the prior, &c.
1468, Jeff. Ilberb; by his will in 1498, gives 6 marks for a vestment for a priest; 6 marks to repair a pane of peynting in the church, and the profits of 3 roods of land to the vicaryes here to sing onys in the yere for him, &c. Placebo and Dirige.
1498, Thomas Garton.
1517, Edm. Curtes.
1527, Ralph Lyster.
1535, Peter Ingham.
Thomas Milles, vicar.
On the Dissolution, the patronage of the vicarage, with the appropriated rectory, came to the Crown, and in the year 1600, John Osmond was collated by the Bishop, a lapse; in 1603, he returned 143 communicants.
1612, Arnold Suckerman, by the Bishop of Ely, being granted by Queen Elizabeth, to that see, on an exchange of land belonging to it. Mr. Matthew Stokes, fellow of Caius college, in Cambridge, held this rectory impropriate of that see, by lease; and gave about 1630, to that college for the stipend of one fellow, 3 scholars, &c. but the advowson remained in the see of Ely.
1671, Peter Boardman, by the Bishop of Ely.
1694, Noah Viales, by the Bishop of Ely.
1712, David Baldy. Ditto.
1730, Thomas Goddard. Ditto.
1732, William Williams. Ditto.
¶In the north isle, an old monument, or tomb, with the effigies of a man and woman, the arms and inscription defaced; this was in memory of an Inglose, or a Jenney, and had the arms of Gynney, paly of six, or and gules, a chief ermine, and gules, four bars gemelle, or, on a canton, argent, five billets saltier ways, sable, Inglose;—argent, 2 bars, and a canton, gules, over all a bend, sable, Boys;—also, quarterly, argent and azure, on a bend, sable, three martlets, or, Le Gross;— masculy, gules and ermin, Rokely;—azure, an escotcheon and orle of martlets, argent, Walcot;— Kerdeston; Stapleton; and ermin, on a chief gules, three fusils, ermin, Charles.
On the south side, Fastolf, with a label, argent, and Honing.
In a window, Inglose impaling Bois, and Inglose and Gynney, quarterly.
www.british-history.ac.uk/topographical-hist-norfolk/vol1...
I saw St Nicholas from the main road, and with time enough for an unplanned stop.
You approach St Nicholas down a narrow lane, with enough space for a single car to park outside; maybe I missed the "official" car park, but I don't thin so.
And walking through the churchyard, the thing you notice if the half tower at the west end of the church. Was this some kind of ancient abandoned Norman structure, with a Victorian rebuild bolted on?
-----------------------------------------
St Nicholas is visible off in the fields from the Wroxham road, but from this angle appears very odd; you need a second glance to reassure yourself that it really is a church. There is a truncated round tower which has all the appearance of a vast flower vase, and as you get closer you can see the clean lines and unknapped flint that suggests a considerable restoration.
In fact, nothing that you see is ancient, and virtually all of it is 20th century. The church was built in the 1930s, and the stump of tower comes from only a hundred years earlier. I'm not convinced that it has ever been any higher - I think the 'ruins' against the west wall were a folly. The medieval building was demolished in the 18th century and replaced with a new building. This appears to have been done on the cheap, and 19th century additions and elaborations, like the round tower, could not prolong its life. So, it was demolished and completely rebuilt, the stump retained as a baptistery.
When you know this, you can see at once the clean 1930s lines, the Gothic revival stripped of all Victorian neuroses. Inside and out, there is a modernistic simplicity to this articulate rendering of Norfolk vernacular; even the angel roof is understated. An American correspondent of mine, on seeing these pictures, said that it was like a college dining hall, and I think that is exactly right.
St Nicholas successfully combines this simplicity with an air of Anglo-catholic devotion. The stations of the cross are most unusual, large format photographs of what appear to be artist's dummies set in the positions of the way of the cross. Survivals from the old church include a medieval font and the organ, and a large piece of lead set in a wooden frame. It has a long Latin inscription on it, and with the limited resources I could drag up from school days I took it to be from the roof, since it seems to describe the demolition of the old west end and the building of the round tower in 1835.
As at Worstead, there are photographs of everyone on the war memorial, which is a lovely thing to do. And this is a lovely church, a simple yet splendid modern building set alone in the barley fields, well used, much loved, and open to pilgrims and strangers every day.
Simon Knott, April 2005
www.norfolkchurches.co.uk/dilham/dilham.htm
------------------------------------------
Robert Lord Mallet was lord of the most considerable manor of this town, (fn. 1) of which Edric was deprived; there belonged to it one carucate of land, 9 borderers, one carucate in demean, and 6 acres of meadow, &c. 2 socmen, and the moiety of another held 50 acres, and 2 borderers, with 2 acres of meadow, valued then at 30s. at the survey at 35s. it was eleven furlongs long, and 6 broad, and paid 9d. gelt. (fn. 2)
The family of the Glanviles were enfeoft of it: William de Glanvile was lord in the reign of Henry I. and gave the church to the priory of Bromholm. After them the family of De Gyney held it.
Sir Roger Gyney, son of Sir William Gyney, was lord in the reign of Edward I. and his son Sir William in the 16th of Edward II. and the 21st of Edward III. as was Sir Roger, who by his will, here dated in 1376, requires to be buried in this church, and gives to John his son, this lordship, who by the name of Sir John Gyney, made his will, and gave this manor after the death of Alice his wife, to Sir Henry Inglos, and was proved in 1423, November 5: the said Henry Inglos was in the wars of France, and in the 3d of Henry V. then an esquire, preferred a libel in the court of the constable and Earl-Marshal of England, against Sir John Tiptoft, who had retained him with 16 lances, several archers, &c. and refused to pay him, and so he the said Henry declares that —"He was ready by the help of God and St. George, to prove against the said Sir John, body to body, as the law and custom of arms required in that behalf; (fn. 3) " and in 1421, being then a knight, was taken prisoner at the battle at Bengy in France, where the Duke of Clarence was slain; and in the 5th of Henry VI. he being proxy for Sir John Fastolf, was installed Knight of the Garter for him.
By his will, dated June 20, 1451, he requires to be buried in the presbytery of the priory of Horsham St. Faith's, by Ann his wife; gives to the prior and canons of Ingham 20s. Henry his son and heir, succeeded him, whose son, Edward Inglose, sold it by fine with 10 messuages, &c. to John Bozun, Esq.; after this it came to the Windhams, and Thomas Windham, Esq. was lord in 1570, and in this family it remains, William Windham, Esq. of Felbrig, the late lord dying in 176-.
St. Bennet Of Holm's Fee.
At the survey, the abbot of St. Bennet bad a socman, with 30 acres of land, a borderer, and one carucate valued at 6s. 8d. (fn. 4)
This, as I take it, was held of the abbot, by the lords abovementioned; Odo, the cross-bow man, is said to have held of the abbot, that which Reinberius had. (fn. 5)
Alan Earl of Richmond had in Dilham, and Panceford, a hamlet, probably, to Dilham, 50 acres of land, which a socman of Ralph Stalre was deprived of, 2 villains, and 2 borderers, &c. belonged to it, with one carucate and an acre of meadow, valued at 8s. but at the survey at 5s. (fn. 6)
Ralph, son of Ribald, gave to the church of the Holy Trinity of Norwich, all his lands in Dilham, and Panksford: Ribald was a brother of Earl Alan. Ralph, in his deed, (fn. 7) declares that he gave it for his own soul, that of Robert his son, and of his lord, Earl Alan, and in recompense of a benefaction, the monks of Norwich having paid for him 20 marks to Morell, a Jew, and so acquitted him of it; (the seal is round and the impress a cross flory) and it is now in the dean and chapter of Norwich.
Roger Bigot had also 60 acres of land, of which a freeman of Edric had been deprived; to it belonged 5 borderers, one carucate and an acre of meadow, and this was valued in Suffield. (fn. 8)
Pope Alexander III. in 1176, in the 17th year of his pontificate, granted to John, Bishop of Norwich, the land of Ralph, son of Ribald, which Richard, prior of Norwich, bought of Ralph, of the fee of Hugh Bigod. (fn. 9)
Ralph le Buteler of Heslington, by York, granted to the prior, &c. of Norwich, all his right in 40s. per ann. which William de Crostweyt used to pay him out of a tenement and lands here, in 1282.
The temporalities of this priory valued at 57s. 4d. in 1428, and is now in the dean and chapter of Norwich.
The tenths were 5l. 5s. 5d. ob.; Deducted 26s. 8d.—The temporalities of Bromholm priory 5s. 4d.
Henry Inglos, Esq. son of Sir Henry, died lord on September 15, Ao. 3, Henry VIII. and left by Anne his wife, Edward, aged 18.
The Church is a rectory, dedicated to St. Nicholas, granted to the priory of Bromholm, by William de Glanvile the founder, and appropriated to it, being valued at 20 marks per ann. a vicarage was ordained, valued at two marks, the present valor of which is 5l. 7s. 10d. and is discharged.—Peter-pence were 18d.
In the register of Bromholm, fol. 43, it appears that there was a controversy between Sir William de Gyney, and the prior, about the advowson of this church, and Sir William covenanted to release and levy a fine, the prior paying him 45 marks of silver, and to deliver a deed under seal.—Dated at Crostweyt, in the 2d of Edward I. reserving to himself the right to his chapel here, and the services of the prior's tenants.
Vicars.
Richard, occurs vicar in 1299,
1304, Clement de Wycton, instituted vicar, presented by the prior, &c. of Bromholm.
1320, Bartholomew de Wycton.
1323, Richard de Baketon.
1324, William de Folsham.
1348, John Waterden.
1360, John de Cressingham.
1360, John Aylwode.
1373, William Osmound.
1397, Jeff. Haldeyn.
1426, John Northgate.
1429, Sim. Dacke.
1434, John Bounde.
1435, Sim. Dacke.
1449, John Cowper, by the Bishop, a lapse.
1464, Thomas Skoles, by the prior, &c.
1468, Jeff. Ilberb; by his will in 1498, gives 6 marks for a vestment for a priest; 6 marks to repair a pane of peynting in the church, and the profits of 3 roods of land to the vicaryes here to sing onys in the yere for him, &c. Placebo and Dirige.
1498, Thomas Garton.
1517, Edm. Curtes.
1527, Ralph Lyster.
1535, Peter Ingham.
Thomas Milles, vicar.
On the Dissolution, the patronage of the vicarage, with the appropriated rectory, came to the Crown, and in the year 1600, John Osmond was collated by the Bishop, a lapse; in 1603, he returned 143 communicants.
1612, Arnold Suckerman, by the Bishop of Ely, being granted by Queen Elizabeth, to that see, on an exchange of land belonging to it. Mr. Matthew Stokes, fellow of Caius college, in Cambridge, held this rectory impropriate of that see, by lease; and gave about 1630, to that college for the stipend of one fellow, 3 scholars, &c. but the advowson remained in the see of Ely.
1671, Peter Boardman, by the Bishop of Ely.
1694, Noah Viales, by the Bishop of Ely.
1712, David Baldy. Ditto.
1730, Thomas Goddard. Ditto.
1732, William Williams. Ditto.
¶In the north isle, an old monument, or tomb, with the effigies of a man and woman, the arms and inscription defaced; this was in memory of an Inglose, or a Jenney, and had the arms of Gynney, paly of six, or and gules, a chief ermine, and gules, four bars gemelle, or, on a canton, argent, five billets saltier ways, sable, Inglose;—argent, 2 bars, and a canton, gules, over all a bend, sable, Boys;—also, quarterly, argent and azure, on a bend, sable, three martlets, or, Le Gross;— masculy, gules and ermin, Rokely;—azure, an escotcheon and orle of martlets, argent, Walcot;— Kerdeston; Stapleton; and ermin, on a chief gules, three fusils, ermin, Charles.
On the south side, Fastolf, with a label, argent, and Honing.
In a window, Inglose impaling Bois, and Inglose and Gynney, quarterly.
www.british-history.ac.uk/topographical-hist-norfolk/vol1...
Battle of Stirling Bridge
On 11 September 1297, Edward 1st army under the command of John de Warenne and Hugh de Cressingham planned to cross the River Forth at Stirling. The narrow wooden bridge offered the safest river crossing as the Forth widened to the east and the treacherous marshland of Flanders Moss lay to the west.
William Wallace and Andrew Moray had arrived at Abbey Craig, north of Stirling, before the English army. They watched from the hilltop as the English force - made up of English, Welsh and Scots knights, bowmen and foot soldiers - made camp to the south of the river. The English army had between 200 to 300 cavalry and 10,000 foot soldiers to the Scots' 36 horsemen and 8000 foot.
John de Warrene gave orders for the English army to cross Stirling Bridge to face the Scots next morning. At dawn the English foot soldiers began to cross the bridge but John de Warrene was still in bed in Stirling Castle. He arrived late to the field and recalled his men.
Two Dominican friars were sent as envoys to negotiate the surrender of the Scots with Wallace and Moray. They were told by Wallace in no uncertain terms to return to John de Warrene and to:
Tell your commander that we are not here to make peace but to do battle, defend ourselves and liberate our kingdom. Let them come on, and we shall prove this in their very beards.
John de Warrene called a Council of War but ignored the advice of Scots knight Richard Lundie who said ‘My Lords, if we go on to the bridge we are dead men.’ Hugh de Cressingham urged the Earl of Surrey to cross and quickly finish the Scots. Over the next few hours the English heavy cavalry - knights and mounted men-at-arms - led by Hugh de Cressingham slowly made their way over the wooden bridge and waited in the loop of the River Forth. Wallace and Moray watched and prepared their men for battle.
The Scots seized the moment. Wallace and Moray sent their spearmen down to attack. The Scots cut off the escape route back across the bridge and attacked the trapped knights, bowmen and foot soldiers. The mounted knights floundered in the marshy ground and Edward’s army was forced back to the deep waters of the Forth. In an hour the Scots had slaughtered the trapped men. Some English knights managed to fight their way back across the bridge. A few foot soldiers swam to the south bank of the river but the rest were cut down.
John de Warrene had the wooden bridge set on fire and cut down to keep the Scots from following as he retreated to Berwick. The hated Treasurer of Scotland, Hugh de Cressingham, was flayed alive by the Scots. It is said that Wallace had some of his skin fashioned into a belt for his sword. Andrew Moray was seriously wounded during the battle. He never recovered, dying from his wounds two months later.
The Old Bridge stands at the lowest fording place of the River Forth, one of the most critical crossing points in the country. The present stone bridge replaced a succession of timber bridges.
Undoubtedly the most famous of these earlier structures was the one that stood nearby in the 1290s. At the Battle of Stirling Bridge (1297), Sir William Wallace and Sir Andrew Moray led a Scottish army to a resounding victory over Edward I of England.
The present ‘old’ bridge was built in the late 1400s or early 1500s. Measuring over 80m long, it has four semicircular arches, supported by three piers. Each pier has triangular cutwaters. The central ones had pedestrian refuges which were originally roofed. At either end were arched gates.
The gates were removed, probably at the time when General Blackeney, Governor of Stirling Castle, ordered the destruction of the south arch in 1745. Blackeney was attempting to forestall Bonnie Prince Charlie’s forces as they marched south at the outset of the ’45 Jacobite Rising.
The arch was rebuilt in 1749. The bridge was closed to wheeled traffic in 1831, and replaced by a new one downstream, designed by Robert Stevenson.
John was born in Little Cressingham, Norfolk, on 7 August 1886. He was one of 14 children of Henry and Elizabeth Sample.
On 8 October 1910, at St Mary’s Church, Watton, Norfolk, he married Rosanna May Howes, born 1889. They had three children, Leah Elizabeth, Doris May and John.
Lance-Corporal John Sample enlisted on 13 January 1915, he joined the 13th Battalion of the East Yorkshire Regiment. After training the 13th were sent to Egypt between December 1915 and March 1916 to guard the Suez Canal against Turkish attack, then to France, where they took part in the actions at Albert in the early days of the Battle of the Somme. On 13 November 1916 he was killed in action at Serre.
John is buried at Euston Road Cemetery, Colincamps, France and is remembered on the Beverley Hengate Memorial and on the East Riding Memorial in Beverley Minster. He was awarded the 1915 Star and the War and Victory Medals.
For any enquiries about this image please quote the archive reference 'WL'.
(Copyright) We're happy for you to share this digital image within the spirit of Creative Commons. Please cite 'East Riding Archives ' when reusing.
Certain restrictions on high quality reproductions and commercial use of the original physical version apply. If unsure please email archives.service@eastriding.gov.uk
(Why not try searching our East Riding of Yorkshire Map for more historic images? www.flickr.com/photos/erarchives/map )
I saw St Nicholas from the main road, and with time enough for an unplanned stop.
You approach St Nicholas down a narrow lane, with enough space for a single car to park outside; maybe I missed the "official" car park, but I don't thin so.
And walking through the churchyard, the thing you notice if the half tower at the west end of the church. Was this some kind of ancient abandoned Norman structure, with a Victorian rebuild bolted on?
-----------------------------------------
St Nicholas is visible off in the fields from the Wroxham road, but from this angle appears very odd; you need a second glance to reassure yourself that it really is a church. There is a truncated round tower which has all the appearance of a vast flower vase, and as you get closer you can see the clean lines and unknapped flint that suggests a considerable restoration.
In fact, nothing that you see is ancient, and virtually all of it is 20th century. The church was built in the 1930s, and the stump of tower comes from only a hundred years earlier. I'm not convinced that it has ever been any higher - I think the 'ruins' against the west wall were a folly. The medieval building was demolished in the 18th century and replaced with a new building. This appears to have been done on the cheap, and 19th century additions and elaborations, like the round tower, could not prolong its life. So, it was demolished and completely rebuilt, the stump retained as a baptistery.
When you know this, you can see at once the clean 1930s lines, the Gothic revival stripped of all Victorian neuroses. Inside and out, there is a modernistic simplicity to this articulate rendering of Norfolk vernacular; even the angel roof is understated. An American correspondent of mine, on seeing these pictures, said that it was like a college dining hall, and I think that is exactly right.
St Nicholas successfully combines this simplicity with an air of Anglo-catholic devotion. The stations of the cross are most unusual, large format photographs of what appear to be artist's dummies set in the positions of the way of the cross. Survivals from the old church include a medieval font and the organ, and a large piece of lead set in a wooden frame. It has a long Latin inscription on it, and with the limited resources I could drag up from school days I took it to be from the roof, since it seems to describe the demolition of the old west end and the building of the round tower in 1835.
As at Worstead, there are photographs of everyone on the war memorial, which is a lovely thing to do. And this is a lovely church, a simple yet splendid modern building set alone in the barley fields, well used, much loved, and open to pilgrims and strangers every day.
Simon Knott, April 2005
www.norfolkchurches.co.uk/dilham/dilham.htm
------------------------------------------
Robert Lord Mallet was lord of the most considerable manor of this town, (fn. 1) of which Edric was deprived; there belonged to it one carucate of land, 9 borderers, one carucate in demean, and 6 acres of meadow, &c. 2 socmen, and the moiety of another held 50 acres, and 2 borderers, with 2 acres of meadow, valued then at 30s. at the survey at 35s. it was eleven furlongs long, and 6 broad, and paid 9d. gelt. (fn. 2)
The family of the Glanviles were enfeoft of it: William de Glanvile was lord in the reign of Henry I. and gave the church to the priory of Bromholm. After them the family of De Gyney held it.
Sir Roger Gyney, son of Sir William Gyney, was lord in the reign of Edward I. and his son Sir William in the 16th of Edward II. and the 21st of Edward III. as was Sir Roger, who by his will, here dated in 1376, requires to be buried in this church, and gives to John his son, this lordship, who by the name of Sir John Gyney, made his will, and gave this manor after the death of Alice his wife, to Sir Henry Inglos, and was proved in 1423, November 5: the said Henry Inglos was in the wars of France, and in the 3d of Henry V. then an esquire, preferred a libel in the court of the constable and Earl-Marshal of England, against Sir John Tiptoft, who had retained him with 16 lances, several archers, &c. and refused to pay him, and so he the said Henry declares that —"He was ready by the help of God and St. George, to prove against the said Sir John, body to body, as the law and custom of arms required in that behalf; (fn. 3) " and in 1421, being then a knight, was taken prisoner at the battle at Bengy in France, where the Duke of Clarence was slain; and in the 5th of Henry VI. he being proxy for Sir John Fastolf, was installed Knight of the Garter for him.
By his will, dated June 20, 1451, he requires to be buried in the presbytery of the priory of Horsham St. Faith's, by Ann his wife; gives to the prior and canons of Ingham 20s. Henry his son and heir, succeeded him, whose son, Edward Inglose, sold it by fine with 10 messuages, &c. to John Bozun, Esq.; after this it came to the Windhams, and Thomas Windham, Esq. was lord in 1570, and in this family it remains, William Windham, Esq. of Felbrig, the late lord dying in 176-.
St. Bennet Of Holm's Fee.
At the survey, the abbot of St. Bennet bad a socman, with 30 acres of land, a borderer, and one carucate valued at 6s. 8d. (fn. 4)
This, as I take it, was held of the abbot, by the lords abovementioned; Odo, the cross-bow man, is said to have held of the abbot, that which Reinberius had. (fn. 5)
Alan Earl of Richmond had in Dilham, and Panceford, a hamlet, probably, to Dilham, 50 acres of land, which a socman of Ralph Stalre was deprived of, 2 villains, and 2 borderers, &c. belonged to it, with one carucate and an acre of meadow, valued at 8s. but at the survey at 5s. (fn. 6)
Ralph, son of Ribald, gave to the church of the Holy Trinity of Norwich, all his lands in Dilham, and Panksford: Ribald was a brother of Earl Alan. Ralph, in his deed, (fn. 7) declares that he gave it for his own soul, that of Robert his son, and of his lord, Earl Alan, and in recompense of a benefaction, the monks of Norwich having paid for him 20 marks to Morell, a Jew, and so acquitted him of it; (the seal is round and the impress a cross flory) and it is now in the dean and chapter of Norwich.
Roger Bigot had also 60 acres of land, of which a freeman of Edric had been deprived; to it belonged 5 borderers, one carucate and an acre of meadow, and this was valued in Suffield. (fn. 8)
Pope Alexander III. in 1176, in the 17th year of his pontificate, granted to John, Bishop of Norwich, the land of Ralph, son of Ribald, which Richard, prior of Norwich, bought of Ralph, of the fee of Hugh Bigod. (fn. 9)
Ralph le Buteler of Heslington, by York, granted to the prior, &c. of Norwich, all his right in 40s. per ann. which William de Crostweyt used to pay him out of a tenement and lands here, in 1282.
The temporalities of this priory valued at 57s. 4d. in 1428, and is now in the dean and chapter of Norwich.
The tenths were 5l. 5s. 5d. ob.; Deducted 26s. 8d.—The temporalities of Bromholm priory 5s. 4d.
Henry Inglos, Esq. son of Sir Henry, died lord on September 15, Ao. 3, Henry VIII. and left by Anne his wife, Edward, aged 18.
The Church is a rectory, dedicated to St. Nicholas, granted to the priory of Bromholm, by William de Glanvile the founder, and appropriated to it, being valued at 20 marks per ann. a vicarage was ordained, valued at two marks, the present valor of which is 5l. 7s. 10d. and is discharged.—Peter-pence were 18d.
In the register of Bromholm, fol. 43, it appears that there was a controversy between Sir William de Gyney, and the prior, about the advowson of this church, and Sir William covenanted to release and levy a fine, the prior paying him 45 marks of silver, and to deliver a deed under seal.—Dated at Crostweyt, in the 2d of Edward I. reserving to himself the right to his chapel here, and the services of the prior's tenants.
Vicars.
Richard, occurs vicar in 1299,
1304, Clement de Wycton, instituted vicar, presented by the prior, &c. of Bromholm.
1320, Bartholomew de Wycton.
1323, Richard de Baketon.
1324, William de Folsham.
1348, John Waterden.
1360, John de Cressingham.
1360, John Aylwode.
1373, William Osmound.
1397, Jeff. Haldeyn.
1426, John Northgate.
1429, Sim. Dacke.
1434, John Bounde.
1435, Sim. Dacke.
1449, John Cowper, by the Bishop, a lapse.
1464, Thomas Skoles, by the prior, &c.
1468, Jeff. Ilberb; by his will in 1498, gives 6 marks for a vestment for a priest; 6 marks to repair a pane of peynting in the church, and the profits of 3 roods of land to the vicaryes here to sing onys in the yere for him, &c. Placebo and Dirige.
1498, Thomas Garton.
1517, Edm. Curtes.
1527, Ralph Lyster.
1535, Peter Ingham.
Thomas Milles, vicar.
On the Dissolution, the patronage of the vicarage, with the appropriated rectory, came to the Crown, and in the year 1600, John Osmond was collated by the Bishop, a lapse; in 1603, he returned 143 communicants.
1612, Arnold Suckerman, by the Bishop of Ely, being granted by Queen Elizabeth, to that see, on an exchange of land belonging to it. Mr. Matthew Stokes, fellow of Caius college, in Cambridge, held this rectory impropriate of that see, by lease; and gave about 1630, to that college for the stipend of one fellow, 3 scholars, &c. but the advowson remained in the see of Ely.
1671, Peter Boardman, by the Bishop of Ely.
1694, Noah Viales, by the Bishop of Ely.
1712, David Baldy. Ditto.
1730, Thomas Goddard. Ditto.
1732, William Williams. Ditto.
¶In the north isle, an old monument, or tomb, with the effigies of a man and woman, the arms and inscription defaced; this was in memory of an Inglose, or a Jenney, and had the arms of Gynney, paly of six, or and gules, a chief ermine, and gules, four bars gemelle, or, on a canton, argent, five billets saltier ways, sable, Inglose;—argent, 2 bars, and a canton, gules, over all a bend, sable, Boys;—also, quarterly, argent and azure, on a bend, sable, three martlets, or, Le Gross;— masculy, gules and ermin, Rokely;—azure, an escotcheon and orle of martlets, argent, Walcot;— Kerdeston; Stapleton; and ermin, on a chief gules, three fusils, ermin, Charles.
On the south side, Fastolf, with a label, argent, and Honing.
In a window, Inglose impaling Bois, and Inglose and Gynney, quarterly.
www.british-history.ac.uk/topographical-hist-norfolk/vol1...
Edmund James Sample was born in 1877 at Little Cressingham, Norfolk, one of 14 children of Henry and Elizabeth Sample.
In 1907 he married Kate Louisa Brown in Hull.
He served 12 years as a regular soldier in the Royal Artillery between 1894 and 1906 and served ten years in India, he also served in the local militia. He re-enlisted in 1915.
Edmund Sample died of unknown wounds on 15 November 1917 and was buried at the St Sever Cemetery Extension, Rouen, France.
Edmund was awarded the War and Victory Medals and is remembered on the Hengate War Memorial in Beverley.
For any enquiries about this image please quote the archive reference 'WL'.
(Copyright) We're happy for you to share this digital image within the spirit of Creative Commons. Please cite 'East Riding Archives ' when reusing.
Certain restrictions on high quality reproductions and commercial use of the original physical version apply. If unsure please email archives.service@eastriding.gov.uk
(Why not try searching our East Riding of Yorkshire Map for more historic images? www.flickr.com/photos/erarchives/map )
Fred Sample was born on 27 January 1883 at Little Cressingham, Norfolk, one of 14 children of Henry and Elizabeth Sample.
In 1911 he married Harriet Tyas, their son Frederick was born in 1916.
Fred Sample was a private in the 8th Battalion East Riding Regiment, he enlisted in 1915.
His Battalion saw action in Belgium in early 1916 at the Bluff and St Eloi craters, then at the Somme. Fred was killed in the First Battle of the Scarpe (part of the Battle of Arras) near Wancourt and Guemappes sometime between the 9 and 13 April 1917.
Fred is buried at Tilloy British Cemetery, Tilloy-les-Mofflaines, France. He was awarded the War and Victory Medals and is remembered on the Hengate War Memorial in Beverley and on the East Riding Memorial in Beverley Minster.
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