View allAll Photos Tagged confessional
DISCLAIMER: All things said in confessional are in the mouth of the character only, and do not express my true feelings towards the competition, its contestants or its judges.
So this week I got fucking last place. I mean sure there were four extra girls below me but they aren't even supposed to be here, so yeah. I got fucking last place. Now I don't know what the judges were thinking, putting me on the bottom when I was obviously the best one there! Not to mention that prostitute India of all people got FIRST. I wonder how many producers she had to sleep with to make that happen. Anyways... I'm angry, and when I'm angry quite honestly no bitch is safe. So these poorly dressed, poorly brushed, poorly posed, poorly made up clowns better prepare themselves to be knocked out one by one.
Hi everyone! So I thought to make this competition a little bit more interesting, maybe after each episode we could all do confessionals or something to make it more like a real reality tv show and have fun expanding our characters a bit and getting to role play through them! Obviously this is fully optional, but anyone who wants to participate absolutely can! If you do want to participate, there are some guidelines you'll need to follow as we want to make all of the confessional photos seem coherent and like they're part of the same TV show!
1: Red or dark blue background
2. Have the photo cropped to a 16:9 ratio. (That's how it would be on a TV!) This photos dimensions are 4000 x 2250, if you use that, all of the other stuff will overlay in just the right size and position!
3. Have the BNTM Logo on the "wall", which can be downloaded here: tinypic.com/view.php?pic=14491k0&s=8#.Uy8f4NxfqRM
4. Have an "info box" on the bottom left corner which can be downloaded here: tinypic.com/view.php?pic=2ryoz7k&s=8#.Uy9-xNxfqRM
5. Put a thumbnail of that week's photo in the circle of the "info box"
6. Have the above photo's info in the box (applying to your model obviously) in the font 'Bauhaus 93'
7. Try to have to some extent, your model wearing that weeks outfit. Though hair, makeup, etc. can be switched up.
8. HAVE FUN!
I saw a lot of people doing these so I decided to test the flash on my camera and do a confessional photo while I was at it.
So after our third photo shoot, I felt like the mood towards me shifted.Even while I was on set I felt like it shifted. I feel the girls are starting to become a lot more open and welcoming towards me. I think they finally see me as competition :)
After my photo shoot, a lot of them came up to me and said I did well. Rita actually came up to me and we had a full conversation.I felt like we had quite a lot in common and we bonded quite quickly. Even after we got back to the house, we sort of stuck together. I think me and her will really get along. She's one of the more down to earth girls in the house. Half the girls are so focused on winning that they don't even want to take any time to have fun. You always need to make room for some fun in your life, just to make to make you day a little more enjoyable. :)
This photo was used for the book cover of "The Dark Box: A Secret History of Confession: Confession in the Catholic Church" that is available from Amazon.co.uk. Btw, the book makes interest reading.
I would like to invite participation in this project. If you wish to take part, anonymously if you prefer, please send your `confession' to the following address:
Dr John Perivolaris
Grouse Lodge
Dippen
Isle of Arran
KA27 8RW
Scotland
United Kingdom
You are free to interpret the term `confession' as freely as you wish. Your `confession' may be textual, photographic, artistic, or object-based, or even a combination thereof.
Participation implies that you are willing to have your `confession' included, credited or anonymously, in future online/physical publication and/or exhibition.
I would like to invite participation in this project. If you wish to take part, anonymously if you prefer, please send your `confession' to the following address:
Dr John Perivolaris
Grouse Lodge
Dippen
Isle of Arran
KA27 8RW
Scotland
United Kingdom
You are free to interpret the term `confession' as freely as you wish. Your `confession' may be textual, photographic, artistic, or object-based, or even a combination thereof.
Participation implies that you are willing to have your `confession' included, credited or anonymously, in future online/physical publication and/or exhibition.
In St. Leopold's Church, the parish church of Donaufeld, which is part of Floridsdorf, Vienna's 21st district
I would like to invite participation in this project. If you wish to take part, anonymously if you prefer, please send your `confession' to the following address:
Dr John Perivolaris
Grouse Lodge
Dippen
Isle of Arran
KA27 8RW
Scotland
United Kingdom
You are free to interpret the term `confession' as freely as you wish. Your `confession' may be textual, photographic, artistic, or object-based, or even a combination thereof.
Participation implies that you are willing to have your `confession' included, credited or anonymously, in future online/physical publication and/or exhibition.
Mamiya RZ67 Pro II
4/65mm Mamiya-Sekor Z W
Provia 100F
No Meter
This is a personal photo, the site of a confession I made one night over two decades ago. I had just moved here and was living out of my car. I didn't know a soul in town but was compelled to respond to a page from back home. I shouldn't have called. When asked, I could not lie and it broke a heart.
Roxy's personality, not mine! ;3 :
"OMG I can't believe we're going to ITALY!! I'm Italian and I go there every year for Christmas to visit my family!! Sadly I couldn't get my picture in the previous week because I was in New York. I got an acting part in a movie and had to be on set for about a week, how could I say no? Plus, I got to do some...SHOPPING!! It's been AGES from the last time I went shopping!! Like...three weeks!! Well to me it's a long time. But I wish I was with my friends. The outfit I'm wearing in the picture is the one I bought at New York , and I LOVE IT...my best friend would love it too. I'm not very popular and nobody seems to know me. I see all the models mentioning each other's names and I'm always left out. I have, maybe made a friend on the way though. Izzy. She's really nice and hopefully we can be better friends someday. BUT OMG, I GOT 1ST PLACE IN THE MARINA AND THE DIAMONDS THEME, THAT WAS LIKE, THE FIRST TIME I GOT 1ST PLACE IN THIS CONTEST!! It felt AMAZING!! Hopefully I can get it for the "Vogue Italian" theme too!! ;D"
New for Midnight Order, opening 7/20!
Repent, sinners!
PG includes single sit for two avatars and couple animations. Adult includes solo adult for M/F, glory, wall/standing, and sitting anims. It has facial animations as well as INM, P&V, and Lovebridge integration.
14 LI, includes corrupted version [shown in ad] as well as 3 "clean" colors with neutral green windows and no graffiti for use in "normal" churches.
Copy/Mod/Original mesh
The Chapel of Our Lady of the Immaculate Conception at the Basilica of St. Mary in downtown Minneapolis, Minnesota.
The Confessional
"It often seems we face our demons by the light of the fridge."
Model: Theresa Manchester
Strobist: SB600, zoom 25mm, 0.0 power, on second shelf pointing up slightly triggered via Cactus V2 RT.
Model Mayhem I Facebook I Twitter I Tumblr I JpgMag I Website
So I got a light stand today.
(thank you work bonus)
I've always been an admirer of the strobists. They are the cool kids on Flickr - and I am their wannabe friend.
So... for the first time ever:
Strobist info. Metz 58. 1/2 power. Stofen. On light stand. Camera right.
150w DIY lamp - front.
-Name Brittney Johnson
-Age 18
-Nationality(from all world) American
-Occupation Hair stylist
-Height 6'
-Color hair redish
-Color eyes brown
-Personal style glamourous
-Personality(have a loud or crazy) outgoing
-Why do you want to be the winner of THE FACE 2?
" I should win the face because i have an awesome fashion sense and i can do makeup and hair really well so im basically a total package!"
I forgive you your sins...
on tour with Axel Andaroth
Capelle des Anciens
Thank you for the visit and comments are welcome
Press L to see in black Please don't use this image on websites, blogs or other media without my explicit permission
Notre-Dame, is a medieval Catholic cathedral on the Île de la Cité in the fourth arrondissement of Paris, France. The cathedral is widely considered to be one of the finest examples of French Gothic architecture.
I would like to invite participation in this project. If you wish to take part, anonymously if you prefer, please send your `confession' to the following address:
Dr John Perivolaris
Grouse Lodge
Dippen
Isle of Arran
KA27 8RW
Scotland
United Kingdom
You are free to interpret the term `confession' as freely as you wish. Your `confession' may be textual, photographic, artistic, or object-based, or even a combination thereof.
Participation implies that you are willing to have your `confession' included, credited or anonymously, in future online/physical publication and/or exhibition.
P.S. No editing expect for a eyeball touch up (Lily some how has 2 tiny white dots on her eyeball) Lily:Alot happened this week! Let me start with Monday!So it was episode 1 of season 3 of Teen Wolf.Incase you guys dont know Im obsessed with that show! Turns out Prue likes it too,I was bit surprized.........Anyway we were watching and Prue was like Derek is so Hot! I was all like Bitch please we all know Scott is hotter.She was all like Have you seen his Abs? I was like Yeah........She was all like their so sexy! I was like Have you seen Scott Abs their so much better! Well an hour later we realized we had missed the whole episode.Then on Tuesday I went to the Spa with my new Friend Natalie.It was so relaxing.Then on Wednesday was a awesome!We all got to go to one of Beyonces privates concerts!She has beautiful voice! Then on Thursday something tragic happened.I found out that one of my old Best friends Red had tried to murder my Boyfriend because they used to go out.Well she had stabbed him in the back.So on Thursday and Friday I spent the days at the hostpital.Then on Saturday Natalie and me watched movies half of the day to get my mind off of what happened,The later that day Beyince had a pool party and me Lolita got into a fight.Then Today I went for my shoot in NYC with Natalie and now Im chilling at the beach.I hoped you enjoyed! XOXO Lily
Qui, per circa trentatré anni, san Leopoldo ha trascorso gran parte della giornata, nell’ascolto dei fedeli, nell’amministrazione del sacramento della Riconciliazione, nella preghiera silenziosa.
È un piccolo ambiente, rimasto integro, come ai tempi del santo: una poltroncina su cui sedeva il confessore e l’inginocchiatoio del penitente, uniti da un crocifisso appeso alla parete, dinanzi al quale sostano in preghiera devoti e pellegrini.
Si avverte ancora la presenza del santo, sempre dolcemente accogliente. Con lui, i fedeli continuano un dialogo mai interrotto, lasciando scritti suppliche e ringraziamenti sui fogli di un grosso volume posto su un leggio. In uno di questi volumi, il beato papa Giovanni Paolo II, dopo avere sostato e pregato, pose la firma il 12 settembre 1982.
"Oh goodness!!! This house is a mess! and these girls are NUTS!!!! Kendra keeps on running around the house naked! The Spencers are keep on fighting over who the better Spencer is,talk about being Blonde! Oh yeah,THEIR ARE WAY TO MANY BLONDES!!!! Im the only ginger left! These crazy blondes scared Alice halfway to death! So Alice left as soon as she could and Marie Andre quit modeling. Whatever! and Rachel is a creep! She says that were best friends? I barely know this girl !!! I try to hide from these creeps but Rachel like stalks me so she always finds me. My only escape is locking the door to my room,but the Judge,Ella says I need to unlock it. Like why? But shes the judge so I have to do everything she says. Anyway just to make it clear to these Blondes Im here to win,not to make friends with you creeps. Anyways Buh-Bye! Oh nevermind! Wait a minute! Did anyone else notice that some of the girls didn't change their look at all? The theme is called 'Undercover' not 'Lets be me!'. Ok Bye now. P.S. If I were to be friends with anyone it would be Bella because shes not nuts."
Here is an in camera multiple exposure of Rachel and a church in Philadelphia.
The goal was for Rachel to create an emotional leap that I could tie into gothic architecture.
"The Fall of Man" Lilith may be linked in part to a historically earlier class of female demons (lilītu) in ancient Mesopotamian religion, found in cuneiform texts of Sumer, the Akkadian Empire, Assyria, and Babylonia. The confessional in its modern form dates no farther back than the 16th century, and Du Cange cites the year 1563 for an early use of the word confessionale for the sacrum poenitentiae tribunal. Originally the term was applied to the place where a martyr or "confessor" (in the sense of one who confesses Christ) had been buried. There are, however, instances (e.g. the confessional of Church of St. Trophime at Arles) where the name was attached to the spot, whether cell or seat, where noted saints had a habit of hearing confessions. In the popular Protestant view confessional boxes are associated with the scandals, real or supposed, of the practice of auricular confession. They were, however, devised to guard against such scandals by securing at once essential publicity and a reasonable privacy, and by separating priest and penitent. In the Middle Ages stringent rules were laid down, in this latter respect, by the canon law in the case of confessions by women and especially nuns. In England, before the Protestant Reformation, publicity was reckoned the best safeguard. Thus Archbishop Walter Reynolds, in 1322, says in his Constitutions: "Let the priest choose for himself a common place for hearing confessions, where he may be seen generally by all in the church; and do not let him hear any one, and especially any woman, in a private place, except in great necessity." It would seem that the priest usually heard confessions at the chancel opening or at a bench end in the nave near the chancel. There is, however, in some churchwardens' accounts mention of a special seat: "the shryving stool", "shriving pew" or "shriving place". At Lenham in Kent there is an ancient armchair in stone, with a stone bench and steps on one side, which appears to be a confessional. With the revival of the practice of auricular confession in the Church of England, confessionals were introduced into some parishes with an Anglo-Catholic bent. Since, however, they formed no part of "the furniture of the church" in the "second year of King Edward VI", some have argued that they are not covered by the "Ornaments Rubric" in the Prayer-Book. The question of their legality was raised in 1900 in the case of Davey v. Hinde (vicar of the Church of the Annunciation at Brighton) tried before Dr Tristram in the consistory court of Chichester. They were condemned "on the ground that they are not articles of church furniture requisite for or conducive to conformity with the doctrine or practice of the Church of England in relation to the reception of confession.."Confessional", in the sense of a due payable for the right to hear confession, is now obsolete.
Adam and Eve, according to the creation myth of the Abrahamic religions, were the first man and woman. They are central to the belief that humanity is in essence a single family, with everyone descended from a single pair of original ancestors. It also provides the basis for the doctrines of the fall of man and original sin that are important beliefs in Christianity, although not held in Judaism or Islam.
In the Book of Genesis of the Hebrew Bible, chapters one through five, there are two creation narratives with two distinct perspectives. In the first, Adam and Eve are not mentioned (at least not mentioned by name). Instead, God created humankind in God's image and instructed them to multiply and to be stewards over everything else that God had made. In the second narrative, God fashions Adam from dust and places him in the Garden of Eden. Adam is told that he can eat freely of all the trees in the garden, except for a tree of the knowledge of good and evil. Subsequently, Eve is created from one of Adam's ribs to be Adam's companion. They are innocent and unembarrassed about their nakedness. However, a serpent deceives Eve into eating fruit from the forbidden tree, and she gives some of the fruit to Adam. These acts give them additional knowledge, but it gives them the ability to conjure negative and destructive concepts such as shame and evil. God later curses the serpent and the ground. God prophetically tells the woman and the man what will be the consequences of their sin of disobeying God. Then he banishes them from the Garden of Eden.
The story underwent extensive elaboration in later Abrahamic traditions, and it has been extensively analyzed by modern biblical scholars. Interpretations and beliefs regarding Adam and Eve and the story revolving around them vary across religions and sects; for example, the Islamic version of the story holds that Adam and Eve were equally responsible for their sins of hubris, instead of Eve being the first one to be unfaithful. The story of Adam and Eve is often depicted in art, and it has had an important influence in literature and poetry. The story of the fall of Adam is often understood to be an allegory.
There is no physical evidence that Adam and Eve ever existed, and their literal existence is incompatible with human evolutionary genetics. However, there is in some countries a large discrepancy between the scientific consensus and popular opinion; a 2014 poll reports that 56% of Americans believe that "Adam and Eve were real people", and 44% believe so with strong or absolute certainty.
Adam and Eve are figures from the Primeval History (Genesis 1 to 11), the Bible's mythic history of the first years of the world's existence. The History tells how God creates the world and all its beings and places the first man and woman (Adam and Eve) in his Garden of Eden, how the first couple are expelled from God's presence, of the first murder which follows, and God's decision to destroy the world and save only the righteous Noah and his sons; a new humanity then descends from these sons and spreads throughout the world. Although the new world is as sinful as the old, God has resolved never again to destroy the world by flood, and the History ends with Terah, the father of Abraham, from whom will descend God's chosen people, the Israelites.*
Adam and Eve are the Bible's first man and first woman. Adam's name appears first in Genesis 1 with a collective sense, as "mankind"; subsequently in Genesis 2-3 it carries the definite article ha, equivalent to English "the", indicating that this is "the man". In these chapters God fashions "the man" (ha adam) from earth (adamah), breathes life into his nostrils, and makes him a caretaker over creation. God next creates for the man an ezer kenegdo, a "helper corresponding to him", from his side or rib. She is called ishsha, "woman", because, the text says, she is formed from ish, "man". The man receives her with joy, and the reader is told that from this moment a man will leave his parents to "cling" to a woman, the two becoming one flesh.
The first man and woman are in God's Garden of Eden, where all creation is vegetarian and there is no violence. They are permitted to eat of all the trees except one, the tree of the knowledge of good and evil, the woman is tempted by a talking serpent to eat the forbidden fruit, and gives some to the man, who eats also. (Contrary to popular myth she does not beguile the man, who appears to have been present at the encounter with the serpent). God curses all three, the man to a lifetime of hard labour followed by death, the woman to the pain of childbirth and to subordination to her husband, and the serpent to go on his belly and suffer the enmity of both man and woman. God then clothes the nakedness of the man and woman, who have become god-like in knowing good and evil, then banishes them from the garden lest they eat the fruit of a second tree, the tree of life, unmentioned up to this point, and live forever.
Genesis 4 introduces the humans in their life outside God's garden. The chapter deals with the birth of Adam's sons Cain and Abel and the story of the first murder, followed by the birth of a third son, Seth. Genesis 5, the Book of the Generations of Adam, lists the descendants of Adam from Seth to Noah with their ages at the birth of their first sons (except Adam himself, for whom his age at the birth of Seth, his third son, is given) and their ages at death (Adam lives 930 years). The chapter notes that Adam had other sons and daughters after Seth, but does not name them. Adam has already named the woman Eve at the end of the Eden narrative, and in Genesis 4:25 and for the first time, he is called Adam as a personal name.
The Adam and Eve story continues in Genesis 3 with the "expulsion from Eden" narrative. A form analysis of Genesis 3 reveals that this portion of the story can be characterized as a parable or "wisdom tale" in the wisdom tradition. The poetic addresses of the chapter belong to a speculative type of wisdom that questions the paradoxes and harsh realities of life. This characterization is determined by the narrative's format, settings, and the plot. The form of Genesis 3 is also shaped by its vocabulary, making use of various puns and double entendres.
The expulsion from Eden narrative begins with a dialogue between the woman and a serpent, identified in Genesis 3:1 as an animal that was more crafty than any other animal made by God, although Genesis does not identify the serpent with Satan.:16 The woman is willing to talk to the serpent and respond to the creature's cynicism by repeating God's prohibition against eating fruit from the tree of knowledge (Genesis 2:17). The woman is lured into dialogue on the serpent's terms which directly disputes God's command.[15] The serpent assures the woman that God will not let her die if she ate the fruit, and, furthermore, that if she ate the fruit, her "eyes would be opened" and she would "be like God, knowing good and evil" (Genesis 3:5). The woman sees that the fruit of the tree of knowledge is a delight to the eye and that it would be desirable to acquire wisdom by eating the fruit. The woman eats the fruit and gives some to the man (Genesis 3:6). With this the man and woman recognize their own nakedness, and they make loincloths of fig leaves (Genesis 3:7).
In the next narrative dialogue, God questions the man and the woman (Genesis 3:8–13), and God initiates a dialogue by calling out to the man with a rhetorical question designed to consider his wrongdoing. The man explains that he hid in the garden out of fear because he realized his own nakedness (Genesis 3:10). This is followed by two more rhetorical questions designed to show awareness of a defiance of God's command. The man then points to the woman as the real offender, and he implies that God is responsible for the tragedy because the woman was given to him by God (Genesis 3:12). God challenges the woman to explain herself, whereby she shifts the blame to the serpent (Genesis 3:13).
Divine pronouncement of three judgments are then laid against all the culprits, Genesis 3:14–19.[12] A judgement oracle and the nature of the crime is first laid upon the serpent, then the woman, and, finally, the man. On the serpent, God places a divine curse.[20] The woman receives penalties that impact her in two primary roles: she shall experience pangs during childbearing, pain during childbirth, and while she shall desire her husband, he will rule over her. The man's penalty results in God cursing the ground from which he came, and the man then receives a death oracle, although the man has not been described, in the text, as immortal.:18;Abruptly, in the flow of text, in Genesis 3:20, the man names the woman "Eve" (Heb. hawwah), "because she was the mother of all living". God makes skin garments for Adam and Eve (Genesis 3:20).
The chiasmus structure of the death oracle given to Adam in Genesis 3:19, is a link between man's creation from "dust" (Genesis 2:7) to the "return" of his beginnings:" you return, to the ground, since from it you were taken, for dust you are, and to dust, you will return."
The garden account ends with an intradivine monologue, determining the couple's expulsion, and the execution of that deliberation (Genesis 3:22–24}.The reason given for the expulsion was to prevent the man from eating from the tree of life and becoming immortal: "Behold, the man is become as one of us, to know good and evil; and now, lest he put forth his hand, and take also of the tree of life, and eat, and live for ever" (Genesis 3:22).God exiles Adam and Eve from the Garden and installs cherubs (supernatural beings that provide protection) and the "ever-turning sword" to guard the entrance (Genesis 3:24).
Genesis 4 tells of the birth of Cain and Abel, Adam and Eve's first children, while Genesis 5 gives Adam's genealogy past that. Adam and Eve are listed as having three children, Cain, Abel and Seth, then "other sons and daughters", Genesis 5:4. According to the Book of Jubilees (which is usually not considered canonical), Cain married his sister Awan, a daughter of Adam and Eve.
The Primeval History forms the opening chapters of the Torah, the five books making up the history of the origins of Israel. This achieved something like its current form in the 5th century BCE, but Genesis 1-11 shows little relationship to the rest of the Bible:for example, the names of its characters and its geography - Adam (man) and Eve (life), the Land of Nod ("Wandering"), and so on - are symbolic rather than real, and almost none of the persons, places and stories mentioned in it are ever met anywhere else. This has led scholars to suppose that the History forms a late composition attached to Genesis and the Pentateuch to serve as an introduction.Just how late is a subject for debate: at one extreme are those who see it as a product of the Hellenistic period, in which case it cannot be earlier than the first decades of the 4th century BCE; on the other hand the Yahwist source has been dated by some scholars, notably John Van Seters, to the exilic pre-Persian period (the 6th century BCE) precisely because the Primeval History contains so much Babylonian influence in the form of myth. The Primeval History draws on two distinct "sources", the Priestly source and what is sometimes called the Yahwist source and sometimes simply the "non-Priestly"; for the purpose of discussing Adam and Eve in the Book of Genesis the terms "non-Priestly" and "Yahwist" can be regarded as interchangeable.
Certain concepts, such as the serpent being identified as Satan, Eve being a sexual temptation, or Adam's first wife being Lilith, come from literary works found in various Jewish apocrypha, but they are not found anywhere in the Book of Genesis or the Torah itself.[citation needed] Writings dealing with these subjects are extant literature in Greek, Latin, Slavonic, Syriac, Armenian, and Arabic, extending back to ancient Jewish thought. The concepts are not part of Rabbinic Judaism,[citation needed] but they did influence Christian theology, and this marks a radical split between the two religions. Some of the oldest Jewish portions of apocrypha are called Primary Adam Literature where some works became Christianized. Examples of Christianized works are Life of Adam and Eve, Conflict of Adam and Eve with Satan and an original Syriac work entitled Cave of Treasures which has close affinities to the Conflict as noted by August Dillmann.
Some modern scholars, such as James Barr, Moshe Greenberg, and Michael Fishbane, see the story of Adam and Eve as a representation of a rise to moral agency, at least as much as, if not more than the story of a fall from grace. Carol Meyers and Bruce Naidoff view the tale as an explanation of agricultural conditions in the highlands of Canaan.
For the Jewish Weekly Torah portion, see Bereshit (parsha) § Third reading, and Bereshit (parsha) § Fourth reading.
It was also recognized in ancient Judaism, that there are two distinct accounts for the creation of man. The first account says "male and female [God] created them", implying simultaneous creation, whereas the second account states that God created Eve subsequent to the creation of Adam. The Midrash Rabbah – Genesis VIII:1 reconciled the two by stating that Genesis one, "male and female He created them", indicates that God originally created Adam as a hermaphrodite,[37] bodily and spiritually both male and female, before creating the separate beings of Adam and Eve. Other rabbis suggested that Eve and the woman of the first account were two separate individuals, the first being identified as Lilith, a figure elsewhere described as a night demon.
According to traditional Jewish belief, Adam and Eve are buried in the Cave of Machpelah, in Hebron.
In Reform Judaism, Harry Orlinsky analyzes the Hebrew word nefesh in Genesis 2:7 where "God breathes into the man's nostrils and he becomes nefesh hayya." Orlinsky argues that the earlier translation of the phrase "living soul" is incorrect. He points out that "nefesh" signifies something like the English word "being", in the sense of a corporeal body capable of life; the concept of a "soul" in the modern sense, did not exist in Hebrew thought until around the 2nd century B.C., when the idea of a bodily resurrection gained popularity.
Adam, Eve, and the (female) serpent (often identified as Lilith) at the entrance to Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris
Main articles: Fall of man and Original sin
Some early fathers of the Christian church held Eve responsible for the Fall of man and all subsequent women to be the first sinners because Eve tempted Adam to commit the taboo. "You are the devil's gateway" Tertullian told his female listeners, and went on to explain that they were responsible for the death of Christ: "On account of your desert [i.e., punishment for sin, that is, death], even the Son of God had to die."In 1486, the Dominicans Kramer and Sprengler used similar tracts in Malleus Maleficarum ("Hammer of Witches") to justify the persecution of "witches".
Medieval Christian art often depicted the Edenic Serpent as a woman (often identified as Lilith), thus both emphasizing the serpent's seductiveness as well as its relationship to Eve. Several early Church Fathers, including Clement of Alexandria and Eusebius of Caesarea, interpreted the Hebrew "Heva" as not only the name of Eve, but in its aspirated form as "female serpent."
Based on the Christian doctrine of the Fall of man, came the doctrine of original sin. St Augustine of Hippo (354–430), working with a Latin translation of the Epistle to the Romans, interpreted the Apostle Paul as having said that Adam's sin was hereditary: "Death passed upon [i.e., spread to] all men because of Adam, [in whom] all sinned", Romans 5:12[40] Original sin became a concept that man is born into a condition of sinfulness and must await redemption. This doctrine became a cornerstone of Western Christian theological tradition, however, not shared by Judaism or the Orthodox churches.
Over the centuries, a system of unique Christian beliefs had developed from these doctrines. Baptism became understood as a washing away of the stain of hereditary sin in many churches, although its original symbolism was apparently rebirth. Additionally, the serpent that tempted Eve was interpreted to have been Satan, or that Satan was using a serpent as a mouthpiece, although there is no mention of this identification in the Torah and it is not held in Judaism.
Conservative Protestants typically interpret Genesis 3 as defining humanity's original parents as Adam and Eve who disobeyed God's prime directive that they were not to eat "the fruit of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil" (NIV). When they disobeyed, they committed a major transgression against God and were immediately punished, which led to "the fall" of humanity. Thus, sin and death entered the universe for the first time. Adam and Eve were ejected from the Garden of Eden, never to return.
Gnostic Christianity discussed Adam and Eve in two known surviving texts, namely the "Apocalypse of Adam" found in the Nag Hammadi documents and the "Testament of Adam". The creation of Adam as Protoanthropos, the original man, is the focal concept of these writings.
Another Gnostic tradition held that Adam and Eve were created to help defeat Satan. The serpent, instead of being identified with Satan, is seen as a hero by the Ophites. Still other Gnostics believed that Satan's fall, however, came after the creation of humanity. As in Islamic tradition, this story says that Satan refused to bow to Adam due to pride. Satan said that Adam was inferior to him as he was made of fire, whereas Adam was made of clay. This refusal led to the fall of Satan recorded in works such as the Book of Enoch.
In Islam, Adam (Ādam; Arabic: آدم), whose role is being the father of humanity, is looked upon by Muslims with reverence. Eve (Ḥawwāʼ; Arabic: حواء ) is the "mother of humanity". The creation of Adam and Eve is referred to in the Qurʼān, although different Qurʼanic interpreters give different views on the actual creation story (Qurʼan, Surat al-Nisaʼ, verse 1).
In al-Qummi's tafsir on the Garden of Eden, such place was not entirely earthly. According to the Qurʼān, both Adam and Eve ate the forbidden fruit in a Heavenly Eden (see also Jannah). As a result, they were both sent down to Earth as God's representatives. Each person was sent to a mountain peak: Adam on al-Safa, and Eve on al-Marwah. In this Islamic tradition, Adam wept 40 days until he repented, after which God sent down the Black Stone, teaching him the Hajj. According to a prophetic hadith, Adam and Eve reunited in the plain of ʻArafat, near Mecca. They had two sons together, Qabil and Habil. There is also a legend of a younger son, named Rocail, who created a palace and sepulcher containing autonomous statues that lived out the lives of men so realistically they were mistaken for having souls.
The concept of "original sin" does not exist in Islam, because according to Islam Adam and Eve were forgiven by God. When God orders the angels to bow to Adam, Iblīs questioned, "Why should I bow to man? I am made of pure fire and he is made of soil." The liberal movements within Islam have viewed God's commanding the angels to bow before Adam as an exaltation of humanity, and as a means of supporting human rights; others view it as an act of showing Adam that the biggest enemy of humans on earth will be their ego.
In the Bahá'í Faith, the Adam and Eve narrative is seen as symbolic. In Some Answered Questions, 'Abdu'l-Bahá rejects a literal reading and states that the story contains "divine mysteries and universal meanings". Adam symbolizes the "heavenly spirit", Eve symbolizes the "human soul", the Tree of Knowledge symbolizes "the human world", and the serpent symbolizes "attachment to the human world". The fall of Adam thus represents the way humanity became conscious of good and evil. In another sense, Adam and Eve represent God's Will and Determination, the first two of the seven stages of Divine Creative Action.
While a traditional view was that the Book of Genesis was authored by Moses and has been considered historical and metaphorical, modern scholars consider the Genesis creation narrative as one of various ancient origin myths.
Analysis like the documentary hypothesis also suggests that the text is a result of the compilation of multiple previous traditions, explaining apparent contradictions.[56][57] Other stories of the same canonical book, like the Genesis flood narrative, are also understood as having been influenced by older literature, with parallels in the older Epic of Gilgamesh.
With scientific developments in paleontology, geology, biology and other disciplines, it was discovered that humans, and all other living things, share a common ancestor and evolved through natural processes, with earlier life forms going back to billions of years.
In biology the most recent common ancestors, when traced back using the Y-chromosome for the male lineage and mitochondrial DNA for the female lineage, are commonly called the Y-chromosomal Adam and Mitochondrial Eve, respectively. These do not fork from a single couple at the same epoch even if the names were borrowed from the Tanakh.