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Bus operators congregate April 26, 1946 outside the bus depot of the Washington, Virginia & Maryland (WV&M) bus line at N. Quincey Street and Wilson Blvd. in Arlington, Va. on the first day of a strike by the Amalgamated Association of Street Electric Railway and Motorcoach Employees of America Division 1079.
The 250 workers walked out after the company refused arbitration and issued a notice of termination of the existing contract.
The company, also known as the Arnold Bus Line after its owner Leon Arnold, refused to arbitrate the issue until a request for a fare increase was acted on by the Arlington Public Utilities Commission and promised to continue to pay the current pay and benefits while negotiations continued—although the workers would be without a contract.
The union was demanding raises for operators of 30 cents-per-hour and as much as 42 cents-per-hour for mechanics.
The company served about 1,250,000 passengers per month at the time in Arlington, Fairfax, Falls Church, Clarendon, Westover, Langley, McLean, Tyson’s corner, Vienna and Oakton with Washington, D.C. terminals at 11th Street between E and F Streets NW and at 9th and Constitution Ave. NW.
The strike took place against a backdrop of a nationwide strike wave 1945-46 following World War II that involved work stoppages by millions of workers. Workers’ wages in the country continued to be regulated by a war-era wage board despite the end of the conflict.
The strike was settled on May 3rd when the company acquiesced to the union’s demand for arbitration and an agreement to continue negotiations in the interim.
On May 23rd, a three member arbitration panel voted to award a 12 cent-per-hour increase with the union arbitrator dissenting.
This was not the end of the story, however. The government Wage Stabilization Board cut the pay increase to nine cents-per-hour on June 12, 1946.
Angry workers already felt cheated. The Capital Transit Company across the Potomac River in Washington, D.C. paid $1.14 per hour. The initial increase only brought them to $0.98 per hour, but was now cut to $0.95 per hour for operators.
However at a union meeting held at the Ballston Fire House, members defeated a motion to resume their strike and reluctantly accepted the outcome.
The WV&M company was eventually bought by D.C. Transit, but continued to operate as a separate company until acquired by the Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority (WMATA) in 1973. Local 1079 was also merged into the larger Local 689 at that time that represented transit workers in the District of Columbia.
The Arlington bus garage was closed in 2009 and ultimately demolished to make way for redevelopment in the town.
For more information and related images, see flic.kr/s/aHsmLVmtxd
The photographer is unknown. The image is a Washington Daily News photograph courtesy of the D.C. Public Library Washington Star Collection © Washington Post.
It appears that smarter thinking may win out on the so far completely retarded effort to return us to the moon.
Wasting money on a useless "Lunar Gateway" and a 1960's era heavy lifter that has already cost 20 billion and hasn't even flown is a poor use of taxpayer dollars. Lockheed, Boeing etc make plenty of money on weapons and to throw billions more at them for a unfathomable and pointless architecture makes no sense at all. SpaceX and Blue Origin both have a solid plan and the potential to make the return to the moon happen.
Vice president Pence today floated the idea of a 2 billion dollar prize to the company that makes it to the moon first
This is the way to do it. Quit all the bullshit and get moving.
NASA is so messed up right now they split the development of the Artemis lunar lander between Huntsville and Houston. Unbelievable. They don't even care that everyone sees how stupid and corrupt they are. It's all about politics.
So now, our hopes for the future in space are inextricably linked to Trump being re-elected. That is not a sure thing.
So far the democrats have nothing. No one who can even wipe their own ass without help. What could happen is a dark horse candidate that the legacy media can push as our savior from the evil Orange Man. In my entire life I have never seen this level of incompetence from those who are supposed to lead us. Trump is doing a good job but the left is out of control, and as in Orwell's 1984, lies and distortions often repeated will assume the veneer of truth no matter how nonsensical they are. .
Opinion is now the arbitrator of what is right or wrong with no logic or morality or even common sense to provide a framework. These leftists are complete idiots. I don't know if it's because they have never had to struggle to survive or if they have been brainwashed by the teachers and professors of the liberal schools they go to.
LoL, I can be full of shit too, at least I am aware of it
Hopefully, we will carry on and continue our progress.
We live in interesting times.
Bus operators picket April 29, 1946 outside the bus depot of the Washington, Virginia & Maryland (WV&M) bus line at N. Quincey Street and Wilson Blvd. in Arlington, Va. as their strike by the Amalgamated Association of Street Electric Railway and Motorcoach Employees of America Division 1079 (later Amalgamated Transit Union Local 1079) continued into its fourth day.
The 250 workers walked out after the company refused arbitration and issued a notice of termination of the existing contract.
The company, also known as the Arnold Bus Line after its owner Leon Arnold, refused to arbitrate the issue until a request for a fare increase was acted on by the Arlington Public Utilities Commission and promised to continue to pay the current pay and benefits while negotiations continued—although the workers would be without a contract.
The union was demanding raises for operators of 30 cents-per-hour and as much as 42 cents-per-hour for mechanics.
The company served about 1,250,000 passengers per month at the time in Arlington, Fairfax, Falls Church, Clarendon, Westover, Langley, McLean, Tyson’s corner, Vienna and Oakton with Washington, D.C. terminals at 11th Street between E and F Streets NW and at 9th and Constitution Ave. NW.
The strike took place against a backdrop of a nationwide strike wave 1945-46 following World War II that involved work stoppages by millions of workers. Workers’ wages in the country continued to be regulated by a war-era wage board despite the end of the conflict.
The strike was settled on May 3rd when the company acquiesced to the union’s demand for arbitration and an agreement to continue negotiations in the interim.
On May 23rd, a three member arbitration panel voted to award a 12 cent-per-hour increase with the union arbitrator dissenting.
This was not the end of the story, however. The government Wage Stabilization Board cut the pay increase to nine cents-per-hour on June 12, 1946.
Angry workers already felt cheated. The Capital Transit Company across the Potomac River in Washington, D.C. paid $1.14 per hour. The initial increase only brought them to $0.98 per hour, but was now cut to $0.95 per hour for operators.
However at a union meeting held at the Ballston Fire House, members defeated a motion to resume their strike and reluctantly accepted the outcome.
The WV&M company was eventually bought by D.C. Transit, but continued to operate as a separate company until acquired by the Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority (WMATA) in 1973. Local 1079 was also merged into the larger Local 689 at that time that represented transit workers in the District of Columbia.
The Arlington bus garage was closed in 2009 and ultimately demolished to make way for redevelopment in the town.
For more information and related images, see flic.kr/s/aHsmLVmtxd
Photo by Jones. The image is a Washington Daily News photograph courtesy of the D.C. Public Library Washington Star Collection © Washington Post.
A Liga das Américas 2014 é a sétima edição da competição, que envolve equipes de quase todo o continente americano. Na edição anterior participaram 12 equipes. Para este ano, a FIBA decidiu voltar ao número de vagas de 16 equipes participantes.
As sedes desse evento na primeira fase foram: Neiva na Colômbia (Grupo A), Montevidéu no Uruguai (Grupo B), Xalapa no México (Grupo C) e Quito no Equador (Grupo D). Na segunda fase, as sedes foram Xalapa (Grupo E) e Montevidéu (Grupo F).
A fase final do torneio foi realizada no formato de semifinal, decisão de terceiro lugar e final, todos disputados em jogo único.No dia 11 de março, a FIBA anunciou a cidade do Rio de Janeiro como sede. O local escolhido para os jogos foi o Ginásio do Maracanãzinho, com capacidade para 11.800 torcedores. Foi a primeira vez que o Brasil sediou a fase final da Liga das Américas. A candidatura do Rio foi apresentada pelo Flamengo na segunda, dia 10 de março, e concorreu com as candidaturas de Xalapa e de Montevidéu. Para viabilizar o projeto, o clube brasileiro conseguiu dois patrocínios, totalizando cerca de 600 mil reais, para custear o deslocamento das três delegações adversárias, cinco diárias, alimentação, diretorias e árbitros. Como mandante, teve a receita da bilheteria nos dois dias. Flamengo e Pinheiros venceram as semifinais e fizeram uma final brasileira. O clube carioca venceu o atual campeão do torneio por 83 a 74 e conquistou o título inédito para o clube e de forma invicta, com o apoio de 8.701 torcedores.
--------------------------
The League of the Americas in 2014 is the seventh edition of the competition , which involves teams of almost the entire American continent . In the previous edition 12 teams participated . For this year , FIBA decided to return the number of vacancies of 16 participating teams .
The headquarters of this event in the first phase were : Neiva in Colombia ( Group A) , Montevideo in Uruguay ( Group B ) , Xalapa in Mexico ( Group C ) and Quito in Ecuador ( Group D ) . In the second phase , the seats were Xalapa ( Group E) and Montevideo ( Group F ) .
The final tournament was held in the semifinal format decision Third and final , played in every game único.No March 11 , FIBA announced the city of Rio de Janeiro as the host . The venue for the games was the Maracanãzinho , with capacity for 11,800 spectators . It was the first time Brazil hosted the finals of the League of the Americas . The Rio was introduced by Flamengo on Monday, March 10 , and competed with the nominations of Xalapa and Montevideo . To fund the project , the Brazilian club managed two sponsorships totaling about 600 thousand dollars , to defray the displacement of the three opposing delegations , five daily feeding boards and arbitrators . As principal , had the recipe from the box office on both days. Flemish and Pines won the semifinals and made a final Brazilian . The Carioca club won the current tournament champion by 83-74 and won the exclusive title for the club and unbeaten , with the support of 8,701 fans .
______________________________
La Liga de las Américas en el año 2014 es la séptima edición del concurso , que consiste en equipos de casi todo el continente americano. En la edición anterior participaron 12 equipos . Para este año , la FIBA decidió devolver el número de vacantes de 16 equipos participantes.
La sede de este evento en la primera fase fueron: Neiva en Colombia (Grupo A) , Montevideo en Uruguay (Grupo B) , de Xalapa en México (Grupo C) y Quito, en Ecuador (Grupo D). En la segunda fase , los asientos eran Xalapa (Grupo E) y Montevideo (Grupo F).
La fase final se celebró en la decisión formato de semifinales Tercero y último , jugado en todos los partidos único.No 11 de marzo de FIBA anunció que la ciudad de Río de Janeiro como sede . La sede de los juegos fue el Maracanãzinho , con capacidad para 11.800 espectadores. Era la primera vez que Brasil fue sede de la final de la Liga de las Américas . El Río fue presentado por el Flamengo el lunes 10 de marzo, y compitió con las nominaciones de Xalapa y Montevideo . Para financiar el proyecto, el equipo brasileño logró dos patrocinios por un total de alrededor de 600 mil dólares , para sufragar el desplazamiento de las tres delegaciones que se oponen , cinco tableros de alimentación diaria y árbitros . Como director, tenía la receta de la taquilla en los dos días . Flamenca y Pines ganaron las semifinales e hizo una final brasileña. El club carioca ganó el campeón del torneo actual por 83-74 y ganó el título exclusivo para el club y el invicto , con el apoyo de 8.701 fans.
A Liga das Américas 2014 é a sétima edição da competição, que envolve equipes de quase todo o continente americano. Na edição anterior participaram 12 equipes. Para este ano, a FIBA decidiu voltar ao número de vagas de 16 equipes participantes.
As sedes desse evento na primeira fase foram: Neiva na Colômbia (Grupo A), Montevidéu no Uruguai (Grupo B), Xalapa no México (Grupo C) e Quito no Equador (Grupo D). Na segunda fase, as sedes foram Xalapa (Grupo E) e Montevidéu (Grupo F).
A fase final do torneio foi realizada no formato de semifinal, decisão de terceiro lugar e final, todos disputados em jogo único.No dia 11 de março, a FIBA anunciou a cidade do Rio de Janeiro como sede. O local escolhido para os jogos foi o Ginásio do Maracanãzinho, com capacidade para 11.800 torcedores. Foi a primeira vez que o Brasil sediou a fase final da Liga das Américas. A candidatura do Rio foi apresentada pelo Flamengo na segunda, dia 10 de março, e concorreu com as candidaturas de Xalapa e de Montevidéu. Para viabilizar o projeto, o clube brasileiro conseguiu dois patrocínios, totalizando cerca de 600 mil reais, para custear o deslocamento das três delegações adversárias, cinco diárias, alimentação, diretorias e árbitros. Como mandante, teve a receita da bilheteria nos dois dias. Flamengo e Pinheiros venceram as semifinais e fizeram uma final brasileira. O clube carioca venceu o atual campeão do torneio por 83 a 74 e conquistou o título inédito para o clube e de forma invicta, com o apoio de 8.701 torcedores.
--------------------------
The League of the Americas in 2014 is the seventh edition of the competition , which involves teams of almost the entire American continent . In the previous edition 12 teams participated . For this year , FIBA decided to return the number of vacancies of 16 participating teams .
The headquarters of this event in the first phase were : Neiva in Colombia ( Group A) , Montevideo in Uruguay ( Group B ) , Xalapa in Mexico ( Group C ) and Quito in Ecuador ( Group D ) . In the second phase , the seats were Xalapa ( Group E) and Montevideo ( Group F ) .
The final tournament was held in the semifinal format decision Third and final , played in every game único.No March 11 , FIBA announced the city of Rio de Janeiro as the host . The venue for the games was the Maracanãzinho , with capacity for 11,800 spectators . It was the first time Brazil hosted the finals of the League of the Americas . The Rio was introduced by Flamengo on Monday, March 10 , and competed with the nominations of Xalapa and Montevideo . To fund the project , the Brazilian club managed two sponsorships totaling about 600 thousand dollars , to defray the displacement of the three opposing delegations , five daily feeding boards and arbitrators . As principal , had the recipe from the box office on both days. Flemish and Pines won the semifinals and made a final Brazilian . The Carioca club won the current tournament champion by 83-74 and won the exclusive title for the club and unbeaten , with the support of 8,701 fans .
______________________________
La Liga de las Américas en el año 2014 es la séptima edición del concurso , que consiste en equipos de casi todo el continente americano. En la edición anterior participaron 12 equipos . Para este año , la FIBA decidió devolver el número de vacantes de 16 equipos participantes.
La sede de este evento en la primera fase fueron: Neiva en Colombia (Grupo A) , Montevideo en Uruguay (Grupo B) , de Xalapa en México (Grupo C) y Quito, en Ecuador (Grupo D). En la segunda fase , los asientos eran Xalapa (Grupo E) y Montevideo (Grupo F).
La fase final se celebró en la decisión formato de semifinales Tercero y último , jugado en todos los partidos único.No 11 de marzo de FIBA anunció que la ciudad de Río de Janeiro como sede . La sede de los juegos fue el Maracanãzinho , con capacidad para 11.800 espectadores. Era la primera vez que Brasil fue sede de la final de la Liga de las Américas . El Río fue presentado por el Flamengo el lunes 10 de marzo, y compitió con las nominaciones de Xalapa y Montevideo . Para financiar el proyecto, el equipo brasileño logró dos patrocinios por un total de alrededor de 600 mil dólares , para sufragar el desplazamiento de las tres delegaciones que se oponen , cinco tableros de alimentación diaria y árbitros . Como director, tenía la receta de la taquilla en los dos días . Flamenca y Pines ganaron las semifinales e hizo una final brasileña. El club carioca ganó el campeón del torneo actual por 83-74 y ganó el título exclusivo para el club y el invicto , con el apoyo de 8.701 fans.
A Liga das Américas 2014 é a sétima edição da competição, que envolve equipes de quase todo o continente americano. Na edição anterior participaram 12 equipes. Para este ano, a FIBA decidiu voltar ao número de vagas de 16 equipes participantes.
As sedes desse evento na primeira fase foram: Neiva na Colômbia (Grupo A), Montevidéu no Uruguai (Grupo B), Xalapa no México (Grupo C) e Quito no Equador (Grupo D). Na segunda fase, as sedes foram Xalapa (Grupo E) e Montevidéu (Grupo F).
A fase final do torneio foi realizada no formato de semifinal, decisão de terceiro lugar e final, todos disputados em jogo único.No dia 11 de março, a FIBA anunciou a cidade do Rio de Janeiro como sede. O local escolhido para os jogos foi o Ginásio do Maracanãzinho, com capacidade para 11.800 torcedores. Foi a primeira vez que o Brasil sediou a fase final da Liga das Américas. A candidatura do Rio foi apresentada pelo Flamengo na segunda, dia 10 de março, e concorreu com as candidaturas de Xalapa e de Montevidéu. Para viabilizar o projeto, o clube brasileiro conseguiu dois patrocínios, totalizando cerca de 600 mil reais, para custear o deslocamento das três delegações adversárias, cinco diárias, alimentação, diretorias e árbitros. Como mandante, teve a receita da bilheteria nos dois dias. Flamengo e Pinheiros venceram as semifinais e fizeram uma final brasileira. O clube carioca venceu o atual campeão do torneio por 83 a 74 e conquistou o título inédito para o clube e de forma invicta, com o apoio de 8.701 torcedores.
--------------------------
The League of the Americas in 2014 is the seventh edition of the competition , which involves teams of almost the entire American continent . In the previous edition 12 teams participated . For this year , FIBA decided to return the number of vacancies of 16 participating teams .
The headquarters of this event in the first phase were : Neiva in Colombia ( Group A) , Montevideo in Uruguay ( Group B ) , Xalapa in Mexico ( Group C ) and Quito in Ecuador ( Group D ) . In the second phase , the seats were Xalapa ( Group E) and Montevideo ( Group F ) .
The final tournament was held in the semifinal format decision Third and final , played in every game único.No March 11 , FIBA announced the city of Rio de Janeiro as the host . The venue for the games was the Maracanãzinho , with capacity for 11,800 spectators . It was the first time Brazil hosted the finals of the League of the Americas . The Rio was introduced by Flamengo on Monday, March 10 , and competed with the nominations of Xalapa and Montevideo . To fund the project , the Brazilian club managed two sponsorships totaling about 600 thousand dollars , to defray the displacement of the three opposing delegations , five daily feeding boards and arbitrators . As principal , had the recipe from the box office on both days. Flemish and Pines won the semifinals and made a final Brazilian . The Carioca club won the current tournament champion by 83-74 and won the exclusive title for the club and unbeaten , with the support of 8,701 fans .
______________________________
La Liga de las Américas en el año 2014 es la séptima edición del concurso , que consiste en equipos de casi todo el continente americano. En la edición anterior participaron 12 equipos . Para este año , la FIBA decidió devolver el número de vacantes de 16 equipos participantes.
La sede de este evento en la primera fase fueron: Neiva en Colombia (Grupo A) , Montevideo en Uruguay (Grupo B) , de Xalapa en México (Grupo C) y Quito, en Ecuador (Grupo D). En la segunda fase , los asientos eran Xalapa (Grupo E) y Montevideo (Grupo F).
La fase final se celebró en la decisión formato de semifinales Tercero y último , jugado en todos los partidos único.No 11 de marzo de FIBA anunció que la ciudad de Río de Janeiro como sede . La sede de los juegos fue el Maracanãzinho , con capacidad para 11.800 espectadores. Era la primera vez que Brasil fue sede de la final de la Liga de las Américas . El Río fue presentado por el Flamengo el lunes 10 de marzo, y compitió con las nominaciones de Xalapa y Montevideo . Para financiar el proyecto, el equipo brasileño logró dos patrocinios por un total de alrededor de 600 mil dólares , para sufragar el desplazamiento de las tres delegaciones que se oponen , cinco tableros de alimentación diaria y árbitros . Como director, tenía la receta de la taquilla en los dos días . Flamenca y Pines ganaron las semifinales e hizo una final brasileña. El club carioca ganó el campeón del torneo actual por 83-74 y ganó el título exclusivo para el club y el invicto , con el apoyo de 8.701 fans.
Commentary on contemporary culture, advertising and secular society. Politics and capitalism seem to be the new arbitrators of morality.....
Thank you to Miss Boux for letting me use her photographs in this image :-)
Simon
A Liga das Américas 2014 é a sétima edição da competição, que envolve equipes de quase todo o continente americano. Na edição anterior participaram 12 equipes. Para este ano, a FIBA decidiu voltar ao número de vagas de 16 equipes participantes.
As sedes desse evento na primeira fase foram: Neiva na Colômbia (Grupo A), Montevidéu no Uruguai (Grupo B), Xalapa no México (Grupo C) e Quito no Equador (Grupo D). Na segunda fase, as sedes foram Xalapa (Grupo E) e Montevidéu (Grupo F).
A fase final do torneio foi realizada no formato de semifinal, decisão de terceiro lugar e final, todos disputados em jogo único.No dia 11 de março, a FIBA anunciou a cidade do Rio de Janeiro como sede. O local escolhido para os jogos foi o Ginásio do Maracanãzinho, com capacidade para 11.800 torcedores. Foi a primeira vez que o Brasil sediou a fase final da Liga das Américas. A candidatura do Rio foi apresentada pelo Flamengo na segunda, dia 10 de março, e concorreu com as candidaturas de Xalapa e de Montevidéu. Para viabilizar o projeto, o clube brasileiro conseguiu dois patrocínios, totalizando cerca de 600 mil reais, para custear o deslocamento das três delegações adversárias, cinco diárias, alimentação, diretorias e árbitros. Como mandante, teve a receita da bilheteria nos dois dias. Flamengo e Pinheiros venceram as semifinais e fizeram uma final brasileira. O clube carioca venceu o atual campeão do torneio por 83 a 74 e conquistou o título inédito para o clube e de forma invicta, com o apoio de 8.701 torcedores.
--------------------------
The League of the Americas in 2014 is the seventh edition of the competition , which involves teams of almost the entire American continent . In the previous edition 12 teams participated . For this year , FIBA decided to return the number of vacancies of 16 participating teams .
The headquarters of this event in the first phase were : Neiva in Colombia ( Group A) , Montevideo in Uruguay ( Group B ) , Xalapa in Mexico ( Group C ) and Quito in Ecuador ( Group D ) . In the second phase , the seats were Xalapa ( Group E) and Montevideo ( Group F ) .
The final tournament was held in the semifinal format decision Third and final , played in every game único.No March 11 , FIBA announced the city of Rio de Janeiro as the host . The venue for the games was the Maracanãzinho , with capacity for 11,800 spectators . It was the first time Brazil hosted the finals of the League of the Americas . The Rio was introduced by Flamengo on Monday, March 10 , and competed with the nominations of Xalapa and Montevideo . To fund the project , the Brazilian club managed two sponsorships totaling about 600 thousand dollars , to defray the displacement of the three opposing delegations , five daily feeding boards and arbitrators . As principal , had the recipe from the box office on both days. Flemish and Pines won the semifinals and made a final Brazilian . The Carioca club won the current tournament champion by 83-74 and won the exclusive title for the club and unbeaten , with the support of 8,701 fans .
______________________________
La Liga de las Américas en el año 2014 es la séptima edición del concurso , que consiste en equipos de casi todo el continente americano. En la edición anterior participaron 12 equipos . Para este año , la FIBA decidió devolver el número de vacantes de 16 equipos participantes.
La sede de este evento en la primera fase fueron: Neiva en Colombia (Grupo A) , Montevideo en Uruguay (Grupo B) , de Xalapa en México (Grupo C) y Quito, en Ecuador (Grupo D). En la segunda fase , los asientos eran Xalapa (Grupo E) y Montevideo (Grupo F).
La fase final se celebró en la decisión formato de semifinales Tercero y último , jugado en todos los partidos único.No 11 de marzo de FIBA anunció que la ciudad de Río de Janeiro como sede . La sede de los juegos fue el Maracanãzinho , con capacidad para 11.800 espectadores. Era la primera vez que Brasil fue sede de la final de la Liga de las Américas . El Río fue presentado por el Flamengo el lunes 10 de marzo, y compitió con las nominaciones de Xalapa y Montevideo . Para financiar el proyecto, el equipo brasileño logró dos patrocinios por un total de alrededor de 600 mil dólares , para sufragar el desplazamiento de las tres delegaciones que se oponen , cinco tableros de alimentación diaria y árbitros . Como director, tenía la receta de la taquilla en los dos días . Flamenca y Pines ganaron las semifinales e hizo una final brasileña. El club carioca ganó el campeón del torneo actual por 83-74 y ganó el título exclusivo para el club y el invicto , con el apoyo de 8.701 fans.
A Liga das Américas 2014 é a sétima edição da competição, que envolve equipes de quase todo o continente americano. Na edição anterior participaram 12 equipes. Para este ano, a FIBA decidiu voltar ao número de vagas de 16 equipes participantes.
As sedes desse evento na primeira fase foram: Neiva na Colômbia (Grupo A), Montevidéu no Uruguai (Grupo B), Xalapa no México (Grupo C) e Quito no Equador (Grupo D). Na segunda fase, as sedes foram Xalapa (Grupo E) e Montevidéu (Grupo F).
A fase final do torneio foi realizada no formato de semifinal, decisão de terceiro lugar e final, todos disputados em jogo único.No dia 11 de março, a FIBA anunciou a cidade do Rio de Janeiro como sede. O local escolhido para os jogos foi o Ginásio do Maracanãzinho, com capacidade para 11.800 torcedores. Foi a primeira vez que o Brasil sediou a fase final da Liga das Américas. A candidatura do Rio foi apresentada pelo Flamengo na segunda, dia 10 de março, e concorreu com as candidaturas de Xalapa e de Montevidéu. Para viabilizar o projeto, o clube brasileiro conseguiu dois patrocínios, totalizando cerca de 600 mil reais, para custear o deslocamento das três delegações adversárias, cinco diárias, alimentação, diretorias e árbitros. Como mandante, teve a receita da bilheteria nos dois dias. Flamengo e Pinheiros venceram as semifinais e fizeram uma final brasileira. O clube carioca venceu o atual campeão do torneio por 83 a 74 e conquistou o título inédito para o clube e de forma invicta, com o apoio de 8.701 torcedores.
--------------------------
The League of the Americas in 2014 is the seventh edition of the competition , which involves teams of almost the entire American continent . In the previous edition 12 teams participated . For this year , FIBA decided to return the number of vacancies of 16 participating teams .
The headquarters of this event in the first phase were : Neiva in Colombia ( Group A) , Montevideo in Uruguay ( Group B ) , Xalapa in Mexico ( Group C ) and Quito in Ecuador ( Group D ) . In the second phase , the seats were Xalapa ( Group E) and Montevideo ( Group F ) .
The final tournament was held in the semifinal format decision Third and final , played in every game único.No March 11 , FIBA announced the city of Rio de Janeiro as the host . The venue for the games was the Maracanãzinho , with capacity for 11,800 spectators . It was the first time Brazil hosted the finals of the League of the Americas . The Rio was introduced by Flamengo on Monday, March 10 , and competed with the nominations of Xalapa and Montevideo . To fund the project , the Brazilian club managed two sponsorships totaling about 600 thousand dollars , to defray the displacement of the three opposing delegations , five daily feeding boards and arbitrators . As principal , had the recipe from the box office on both days. Flemish and Pines won the semifinals and made a final Brazilian . The Carioca club won the current tournament champion by 83-74 and won the exclusive title for the club and unbeaten , with the support of 8,701 fans .
______________________________
La Liga de las Américas en el año 2014 es la séptima edición del concurso , que consiste en equipos de casi todo el continente americano. En la edición anterior participaron 12 equipos . Para este año , la FIBA decidió devolver el número de vacantes de 16 equipos participantes.
La sede de este evento en la primera fase fueron: Neiva en Colombia (Grupo A) , Montevideo en Uruguay (Grupo B) , de Xalapa en México (Grupo C) y Quito, en Ecuador (Grupo D). En la segunda fase , los asientos eran Xalapa (Grupo E) y Montevideo (Grupo F).
La fase final se celebró en la decisión formato de semifinales Tercero y último , jugado en todos los partidos único.No 11 de marzo de FIBA anunció que la ciudad de Río de Janeiro como sede . La sede de los juegos fue el Maracanãzinho , con capacidad para 11.800 espectadores. Era la primera vez que Brasil fue sede de la final de la Liga de las Américas . El Río fue presentado por el Flamengo el lunes 10 de marzo, y compitió con las nominaciones de Xalapa y Montevideo . Para financiar el proyecto, el equipo brasileño logró dos patrocinios por un total de alrededor de 600 mil dólares , para sufragar el desplazamiento de las tres delegaciones que se oponen , cinco tableros de alimentación diaria y árbitros . Como director, tenía la receta de la taquilla en los dos días . Flamenca y Pines ganaron las semifinales e hizo una final brasileña. El club carioca ganó el campeón del torneo actual por 83-74 y ganó el título exclusivo para el club y el invicto , con el apoyo de 8.701 fans.
The arbitrators hit the shop floor. This is an eastward view of the interior of the locomotive heavy repair shop at UP's Proviso Diesel Ramp, on June 3, 2015. Major repairs and rebuilds are performed in this shop. The overhead traveling crane has a load rating of 30 tons.
A Liga das Américas 2014 é a sétima edição da competição, que envolve equipes de quase todo o continente americano. Na edição anterior participaram 12 equipes. Para este ano, a FIBA decidiu voltar ao número de vagas de 16 equipes participantes.
As sedes desse evento na primeira fase foram: Neiva na Colômbia (Grupo A), Montevidéu no Uruguai (Grupo B), Xalapa no México (Grupo C) e Quito no Equador (Grupo D). Na segunda fase, as sedes foram Xalapa (Grupo E) e Montevidéu (Grupo F).
A fase final do torneio foi realizada no formato de semifinal, decisão de terceiro lugar e final, todos disputados em jogo único.No dia 11 de março, a FIBA anunciou a cidade do Rio de Janeiro como sede. O local escolhido para os jogos foi o Ginásio do Maracanãzinho, com capacidade para 11.800 torcedores. Foi a primeira vez que o Brasil sediou a fase final da Liga das Américas. A candidatura do Rio foi apresentada pelo Flamengo na segunda, dia 10 de março, e concorreu com as candidaturas de Xalapa e de Montevidéu. Para viabilizar o projeto, o clube brasileiro conseguiu dois patrocínios, totalizando cerca de 600 mil reais, para custear o deslocamento das três delegações adversárias, cinco diárias, alimentação, diretorias e árbitros. Como mandante, teve a receita da bilheteria nos dois dias. Flamengo e Pinheiros venceram as semifinais e fizeram uma final brasileira. O clube carioca venceu o atual campeão do torneio por 83 a 74 e conquistou o título inédito para o clube e de forma invicta, com o apoio de 8.701 torcedores.
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The League of the Americas in 2014 is the seventh edition of the competition , which involves teams of almost the entire American continent . In the previous edition 12 teams participated . For this year , FIBA decided to return the number of vacancies of 16 participating teams .
The headquarters of this event in the first phase were : Neiva in Colombia ( Group A) , Montevideo in Uruguay ( Group B ) , Xalapa in Mexico ( Group C ) and Quito in Ecuador ( Group D ) . In the second phase , the seats were Xalapa ( Group E) and Montevideo ( Group F ) .
The final tournament was held in the semifinal format decision Third and final , played in every game único.No March 11 , FIBA announced the city of Rio de Janeiro as the host . The venue for the games was the Maracanãzinho , with capacity for 11,800 spectators . It was the first time Brazil hosted the finals of the League of the Americas . The Rio was introduced by Flamengo on Monday, March 10 , and competed with the nominations of Xalapa and Montevideo . To fund the project , the Brazilian club managed two sponsorships totaling about 600 thousand dollars , to defray the displacement of the three opposing delegations , five daily feeding boards and arbitrators . As principal , had the recipe from the box office on both days. Flemish and Pines won the semifinals and made a final Brazilian . The Carioca club won the current tournament champion by 83-74 and won the exclusive title for the club and unbeaten , with the support of 8,701 fans .
______________________________
La Liga de las Américas en el año 2014 es la séptima edición del concurso , que consiste en equipos de casi todo el continente americano. En la edición anterior participaron 12 equipos . Para este año , la FIBA decidió devolver el número de vacantes de 16 equipos participantes.
La sede de este evento en la primera fase fueron: Neiva en Colombia (Grupo A) , Montevideo en Uruguay (Grupo B) , de Xalapa en México (Grupo C) y Quito, en Ecuador (Grupo D). En la segunda fase , los asientos eran Xalapa (Grupo E) y Montevideo (Grupo F).
La fase final se celebró en la decisión formato de semifinales Tercero y último , jugado en todos los partidos único.No 11 de marzo de FIBA anunció que la ciudad de Río de Janeiro como sede . La sede de los juegos fue el Maracanãzinho , con capacidad para 11.800 espectadores. Era la primera vez que Brasil fue sede de la final de la Liga de las Américas . El Río fue presentado por el Flamengo el lunes 10 de marzo, y compitió con las nominaciones de Xalapa y Montevideo . Para financiar el proyecto, el equipo brasileño logró dos patrocinios por un total de alrededor de 600 mil dólares , para sufragar el desplazamiento de las tres delegaciones que se oponen , cinco tableros de alimentación diaria y árbitros . Como director, tenía la receta de la taquilla en los dos días . Flamenca y Pines ganaron las semifinales e hizo una final brasileña. El club carioca ganó el campeón del torneo actual por 83-74 y ganó el título exclusivo para el club y el invicto , con el apoyo de 8.701 fans.
A Liga das Américas 2014 é a sétima edição da competição, que envolve equipes de quase todo o continente americano. Na edição anterior participaram 12 equipes. Para este ano, a FIBA decidiu voltar ao número de vagas de 16 equipes participantes.
As sedes desse evento na primeira fase foram: Neiva na Colômbia (Grupo A), Montevidéu no Uruguai (Grupo B), Xalapa no México (Grupo C) e Quito no Equador (Grupo D). Na segunda fase, as sedes foram Xalapa (Grupo E) e Montevidéu (Grupo F).
A fase final do torneio foi realizada no formato de semifinal, decisão de terceiro lugar e final, todos disputados em jogo único.No dia 11 de março, a FIBA anunciou a cidade do Rio de Janeiro como sede. O local escolhido para os jogos foi o Ginásio do Maracanãzinho, com capacidade para 11.800 torcedores. Foi a primeira vez que o Brasil sediou a fase final da Liga das Américas. A candidatura do Rio foi apresentada pelo Flamengo na segunda, dia 10 de março, e concorreu com as candidaturas de Xalapa e de Montevidéu. Para viabilizar o projeto, o clube brasileiro conseguiu dois patrocínios, totalizando cerca de 600 mil reais, para custear o deslocamento das três delegações adversárias, cinco diárias, alimentação, diretorias e árbitros. Como mandante, teve a receita da bilheteria nos dois dias. Flamengo e Pinheiros venceram as semifinais e fizeram uma final brasileira. O clube carioca venceu o atual campeão do torneio por 83 a 74 e conquistou o título inédito para o clube e de forma invicta, com o apoio de 8.701 torcedores.
--------------------------
The League of the Americas in 2014 is the seventh edition of the competition , which involves teams of almost the entire American continent . In the previous edition 12 teams participated . For this year , FIBA decided to return the number of vacancies of 16 participating teams .
The headquarters of this event in the first phase were : Neiva in Colombia ( Group A) , Montevideo in Uruguay ( Group B ) , Xalapa in Mexico ( Group C ) and Quito in Ecuador ( Group D ) . In the second phase , the seats were Xalapa ( Group E) and Montevideo ( Group F ) .
The final tournament was held in the semifinal format decision Third and final , played in every game único.No March 11 , FIBA announced the city of Rio de Janeiro as the host . The venue for the games was the Maracanãzinho , with capacity for 11,800 spectators . It was the first time Brazil hosted the finals of the League of the Americas . The Rio was introduced by Flamengo on Monday, March 10 , and competed with the nominations of Xalapa and Montevideo . To fund the project , the Brazilian club managed two sponsorships totaling about 600 thousand dollars , to defray the displacement of the three opposing delegations , five daily feeding boards and arbitrators . As principal , had the recipe from the box office on both days. Flemish and Pines won the semifinals and made a final Brazilian . The Carioca club won the current tournament champion by 83-74 and won the exclusive title for the club and unbeaten , with the support of 8,701 fans .
______________________________
La Liga de las Américas en el año 2014 es la séptima edición del concurso , que consiste en equipos de casi todo el continente americano. En la edición anterior participaron 12 equipos . Para este año , la FIBA decidió devolver el número de vacantes de 16 equipos participantes.
La sede de este evento en la primera fase fueron: Neiva en Colombia (Grupo A) , Montevideo en Uruguay (Grupo B) , de Xalapa en México (Grupo C) y Quito, en Ecuador (Grupo D). En la segunda fase , los asientos eran Xalapa (Grupo E) y Montevideo (Grupo F).
La fase final se celebró en la decisión formato de semifinales Tercero y último , jugado en todos los partidos único.No 11 de marzo de FIBA anunció que la ciudad de Río de Janeiro como sede . La sede de los juegos fue el Maracanãzinho , con capacidad para 11.800 espectadores. Era la primera vez que Brasil fue sede de la final de la Liga de las Américas . El Río fue presentado por el Flamengo el lunes 10 de marzo, y compitió con las nominaciones de Xalapa y Montevideo . Para financiar el proyecto, el equipo brasileño logró dos patrocinios por un total de alrededor de 600 mil dólares , para sufragar el desplazamiento de las tres delegaciones que se oponen , cinco tableros de alimentación diaria y árbitros . Como director, tenía la receta de la taquilla en los dos días . Flamenca y Pines ganaron las semifinales e hizo una final brasileña. El club carioca ganó el campeón del torneo actual por 83-74 y ganó el título exclusivo para el club y el invicto , con el apoyo de 8.701 fans.
A Liga das Américas 2014 é a sétima edição da competição, que envolve equipes de quase todo o continente americano. Na edição anterior participaram 12 equipes. Para este ano, a FIBA decidiu voltar ao número de vagas de 16 equipes participantes.
As sedes desse evento na primeira fase foram: Neiva na Colômbia (Grupo A), Montevidéu no Uruguai (Grupo B), Xalapa no México (Grupo C) e Quito no Equador (Grupo D). Na segunda fase, as sedes foram Xalapa (Grupo E) e Montevidéu (Grupo F).
A fase final do torneio foi realizada no formato de semifinal, decisão de terceiro lugar e final, todos disputados em jogo único.No dia 11 de março, a FIBA anunciou a cidade do Rio de Janeiro como sede. O local escolhido para os jogos foi o Ginásio do Maracanãzinho, com capacidade para 11.800 torcedores. Foi a primeira vez que o Brasil sediou a fase final da Liga das Américas. A candidatura do Rio foi apresentada pelo Flamengo na segunda, dia 10 de março, e concorreu com as candidaturas de Xalapa e de Montevidéu. Para viabilizar o projeto, o clube brasileiro conseguiu dois patrocínios, totalizando cerca de 600 mil reais, para custear o deslocamento das três delegações adversárias, cinco diárias, alimentação, diretorias e árbitros. Como mandante, teve a receita da bilheteria nos dois dias. Flamengo e Pinheiros venceram as semifinais e fizeram uma final brasileira. O clube carioca venceu o atual campeão do torneio por 83 a 74 e conquistou o título inédito para o clube e de forma invicta, com o apoio de 8.701 torcedores.
--------------------------
The League of the Americas in 2014 is the seventh edition of the competition , which involves teams of almost the entire American continent . In the previous edition 12 teams participated . For this year , FIBA decided to return the number of vacancies of 16 participating teams .
The headquarters of this event in the first phase were : Neiva in Colombia ( Group A) , Montevideo in Uruguay ( Group B ) , Xalapa in Mexico ( Group C ) and Quito in Ecuador ( Group D ) . In the second phase , the seats were Xalapa ( Group E) and Montevideo ( Group F ) .
The final tournament was held in the semifinal format decision Third and final , played in every game único.No March 11 , FIBA announced the city of Rio de Janeiro as the host . The venue for the games was the Maracanãzinho , with capacity for 11,800 spectators . It was the first time Brazil hosted the finals of the League of the Americas . The Rio was introduced by Flamengo on Monday, March 10 , and competed with the nominations of Xalapa and Montevideo . To fund the project , the Brazilian club managed two sponsorships totaling about 600 thousand dollars , to defray the displacement of the three opposing delegations , five daily feeding boards and arbitrators . As principal , had the recipe from the box office on both days. Flemish and Pines won the semifinals and made a final Brazilian . The Carioca club won the current tournament champion by 83-74 and won the exclusive title for the club and unbeaten , with the support of 8,701 fans .
______________________________
La Liga de las Américas en el año 2014 es la séptima edición del concurso , que consiste en equipos de casi todo el continente americano. En la edición anterior participaron 12 equipos . Para este año , la FIBA decidió devolver el número de vacantes de 16 equipos participantes.
La sede de este evento en la primera fase fueron: Neiva en Colombia (Grupo A) , Montevideo en Uruguay (Grupo B) , de Xalapa en México (Grupo C) y Quito, en Ecuador (Grupo D). En la segunda fase , los asientos eran Xalapa (Grupo E) y Montevideo (Grupo F).
La fase final se celebró en la decisión formato de semifinales Tercero y último , jugado en todos los partidos único.No 11 de marzo de FIBA anunció que la ciudad de Río de Janeiro como sede . La sede de los juegos fue el Maracanãzinho , con capacidad para 11.800 espectadores. Era la primera vez que Brasil fue sede de la final de la Liga de las Américas . El Río fue presentado por el Flamengo el lunes 10 de marzo, y compitió con las nominaciones de Xalapa y Montevideo . Para financiar el proyecto, el equipo brasileño logró dos patrocinios por un total de alrededor de 600 mil dólares , para sufragar el desplazamiento de las tres delegaciones que se oponen , cinco tableros de alimentación diaria y árbitros . Como director, tenía la receta de la taquilla en los dos días . Flamenca y Pines ganaron las semifinales e hizo una final brasileña. El club carioca ganó el campeón del torneo actual por 83-74 y ganó el título exclusivo para el club y el invicto , con el apoyo de 8.701 fans.
Scott graduated from Northridge High School in 1983 and began working as an automotive technician at Davidson's Garage. He and Cynthia have owned the garage since 2000. Along the way he continued his schooling and became a Master Automotive Technician and an Advanced Level Technician. He has also received arbitration training from the National Center for Dispute Settlement, and is an automotive arbitrator. In 2003, Davidson's Garage was a finalist in the Better Business Bureau's Integrity Eclipse Award. In 2004, they won the award. In 2006, he was a runner-up for the Amoco National Golden Mechanic Award. He has been a Tech-Talk Radio Show Host for WING radio, and is a periodic columnist for the Huber Heights Courier. He was featured in "Wheels" in the Dayton Daily News in 2007, and he was Vice -president of the local chapter of the Automotive Service Association.
Scott received fire fighter training at the Joint Vocational School and Emergency Medical Service training from the Harrison Township Fire Department for which he served as a fire fighter (rising to the rank of Lieutenant) and an Emergency Medical Technician. He is a volunteer for the Montgomery County Sheriff's Department's Police Athletic League and received the Sheriff's Volunteer of the Year Award in 2005. He volunteers for the Community Annual Easter Egg Hunt (Easter Bunny) and participates in Christmas and Thanksgiving charity events.
"It has always been very important to me to give back to my community," said Scott. "I was raised with a strong Christian background and taught to be very thankful for everything God has blessed me with. I was also taught to always help those in need. That is why volunteering here in my community is so important to me. I am always going to seminars and classes to continue my education. I believe education is a life-long process."
Cindy Hatmaker graduated from the other "North" high school in 1983, although her roots are in Northridge. Her family moved when she was in third grade. Northmont's loss is Northridge's gain. She was re-anchored in 1993 when she married Scott. Like Scott, Cindy took further training in the automotive field. In 1996, she was qualified by Automotive Mobil International in Automotive Management, Repairs, and Management. She has also received the following training:
2001'Crime Prevention'Montgomery County Sheriff's Department
2002'Crime Prevention and Grant Writing'Federal Department of Justice
2003'Community Orientation Policing'Montgomery County Sheriff's Department
Besides being co-owner of Davidson's Garage, Cindy is a member of the Northridge Kitty Hawk Optimist Club and president of both the Montgomery County Sheriff's Dept. Police Athletic League and the Ohio Police Athletic League. Over the past ten years she was a Pee Wee Cheerleading Advisor, Harrison Township Zoning Data volunteer, Montgomery County Sheriff's Dept. Clerk volunteer, President of Willow View Neighborhood Watch, Vice-president and President of Northridge Kitty Hawk Optimist Club, Board Member of the Better Business Bureau, President of Harrison Township Business and Civic Association, founded the Respect for Law program, Tim Horton's Camp Adventure Partnership program, and the yearly Easter Egg Hunt, and has participated in the Children's Hunger Alliance.
Some of her honors include Northridge Kitty Hawk Optimist Club Member of the Year (2003, 2004, 2009), Montgomery County Sheriff's Dept. Volunteer of the Year (2003, 2004), and National Police Athletic League Women's Volunteer of the Year (2007).
Cindy says she got her work ethic from her parents, Don and Raeanna Hatmaker. She gives "many thanks to my loving husband Scott for his support and encouragement throughout the years, to my mother who has made sacrifices to assure my success, to my children who have worked with me on every project and made each program a family venture, to Harrison Township Trustee Ron Casey, who believed in me and my abilities and introduced me to the PAL board, to State Representative Roland Winburn, who saw me as an optimist and introduced me to the club that would mold me into the person I am today (Thank you Kitty Hawk Optimist.), to Sheriff Phil Plummer, who allowed me to pursue my education and who has always encouraged me to outreach to the community and gave me the resources to do so, and to Vince Corrado, who in the absence of my father, supports my efforts and encourages me to continue on with the knowledge that my father would have been so proud."
The Davidsons have four daughters: Amber Aivalotis, who works for the family business and is pursuing a degree in business and who has a six year old son, Chase; Samantha, who lives in Connecticut and is studying marine biology; Ashley, who hopes to have a career in criminal justice; and Brooke, who lives with her parents and is a former member of Crime Watch. Amber, Ashley, and Brooke attended Northridge High School.
Summary of the dispute to date
The summary below was up-to-date at 19 October 2019
Consultations
Complaint by the United States (See also dispute DS347).
On 6 October 2004, the United States requested consultations with the Governments of Germany, France, the United Kingdom, and Spain (the “member States”), and with the European Communities (“EC”) concerning measures affecting trade in large civil aircraft.
According to the request for consultations from the United States, measures by the EC and the member States provide subsidies that are inconsistent with their obligations under the SCM Agreement and GATT 1994. The measures include: the provision of financing for design and development to Airbus companies (“launch aid”); the provision of grants and government-provided goods and services to develop, expand, and upgrade Airbus manufacturing sites for the development and production of the Airbus A380; the provision of loans on preferential terms; the assumption and forgiveness of debt resulting from launch and other large civil aircraft production and development financing; the provision of equity infusions and grants; the provision of research and development loans and grants in support of large civil aircraft development, directly for the benefit of Airbus, and any other measures involving a financial contribution to the Airbus companies. The subsidies in question include those relating to the entire family of Airbus products (A300 through the A380)
The United States further notes that certain launch aid provided for the A340 and A380 appear to be illegal export subsidies in contravention of certain provisions of Article 3 of the SCM Agreement.
The United States is further concerned that the measures appear to be causing adverse effects to US in a manner contrary to the provisions of Articles 5 and 6 of the SCM Agreement.
The United States is also concerned that the measures appear to be inconsistent with Article XVI:1 of GATT 1994.
Finally, the United States is concerned that the measures have caused and continue to cause nullification or impairment of benefits to the United States under GATT 1994 within the meaning of Article XXIII:1.
On 31 May 2005, the United States requested the establishment of a panel. At its meeting on 13 June 2005, the DSB deferred the establishment of a panel.
Panel and Appellate Body proceedings
At its meeting on 20 July 2005, the DSB established a panel. Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, Japan and Korea reserved their third-party rights.
At its 23 September 2005 meeting, the DSB initiated the procedures provided in Annex V of the SCM Agreement.
On 7 October 2005, the United States requested the Director-General to compose the panel. On 17 October 2005, Deputy Director Alejandro Jara, acting in place of the Director-General who recused himself on this matter, composed the panel.
On 13 April 2006, the Chairman of the panel informed the DSB that the panel would not be able to complete its work within six months due to the substantive and procedural complexities involved in this dispute, including the process of developing information concerning serious prejudice under Annex V of the SCM Agreement, another request for consultations by the United States, the panel's subsequent agreement, at the parties' request, to set aside the original timetable for the dispute until an unspecified date in the future, and another request for the establishment of a panel by the United States. The Panel expected to complete its work in 2007. On 14 December 2007, the Chairman of the Panel informed the DSB that due to the substantive and procedural complexities involved in this dispute, it now expected to complete its work in 2008.
On 17 October 2008, the Chairman of the panel informed the DSB that due to, inter alia, the substantive and procedural complexities, and the volume of materials involved in this dispute, it expected to complete its works in 2009. On 3 December 2009, the Chairman of the panel informed the DSB that due to, inter alia, the substantive and procedural complexities, and the volume of materials involved in this dispute, it now expected to complete its work before the end of April 2010.
Prior to the panel proceedings, a procedure under Annex V of the SCM Agreementfor the collection of information on alleged subsidies that are the subject of serious prejudice complaints under the SCM Agreement was conducted. The procedure was commenced on 23 September 2005 by the DSB, and involved, inter alia, the exchange of hundreds of questions and answers between the parties, under special procedures for handling confidential and highly sensitive business information. The Facilitator submitted his report to the panel on 24 February 2006. Thereafter, the panel timetable was set aside at the request of the parties on 1 March 2006. The United States requested the panel to recommence its work on 4 September 2006, which it did.
On 30 June 2010, the panel report was circulated to Members.
The measures at issue in this dispute are more than 300 separate instances of alleged subsidization, over a period of almost forty years, by the European Communities and four of its member States, France, Germany, Spain and the United Kingdom, with respect to large civil aircraft (“LCA”) developed, produced and sold by the company known today as Airbus SAS. The measures that are the subject of the US complaint may be grouped into five general categories: (i) “Launch Aid” or “member State Financing” (LA/MSF); (ii) loans from the European Investment Bank; (iii) infrastructure and infrastructure-related grants; (iv) corporate restructuring measures; and (v) research and technological development funding. The United States claims that each of the challenged measures is a specific subsidy within the meaning of Articles 1 and 2 of the SCM Agreement, and that the European Communities and the four member States, through the use of these subsidies, cause adverse effects to the US interests within the meaning of Articles 5 and 6 of the SCM Agreement. In addition, the United States claims that seven of the challenged LA/MSF measures are prohibited export subsidies within the meaning of Article 3 of the SCM Agreement.
Before evaluating the substance of the US claims, the panel resolved a number of preliminary issues, including the temporal scope of the dispute, whether certain measures were subject to consultations, the adequacy of the identification of measures in the request for establishment, and requests for enhanced third party rights. In addition, with respect to the identity of the subsidy recipient, the panel concluded that, notwithstanding changes in corporate structure, Airbus SAS was the same producer of Airbus LCA as the Airbus Industrie consortium, and that therefore all of the alleged financial contributions provided to entities in the Airbus Industrie consortium found to constitute subsidies would be considered to subsidize Airbus LCA, and would be taken into account for purposes of the analysis of adverse effects. The panel also rejected the European Communities' argument that various transactions had “extinguished” or “extracted” the benefit of subsidies, or constituted “withdrawal” of subsidies.
Turning to the allegations of subsidization, the panel found that each of the challenged LA/MSF measures constitutes a specific subsidy. However, the panel found that the United States had failed to establish the existence, as of July 2005, of a commitment of LA/MSF for the A350 constituting a specific subsidy, and that the United States had failed to demonstrate the existence of a “LA/MSF Programme” as a distinct measure, separate from the individual grants of LA/MSF. Finally, the panel concluded that the United States had established that the German, Spanish and UK A380 LA/MSF measures are subsidies contingent in fact upon anticipated export performance, and therefore prohibited export subsidies, but that the four other measures challenge in this respect are not prohibited export subsidies, either in law or in fact.
The panel found that each of the 12 challenged loans provided by the European Investment Bank (“EIB”) to various Airbus entities between 1988 and 2002 is a subsidy, but that none of these subsidies was specific, and therefore dismissed the US claims in respect of the EIB loans from further consideration.
The panel found that the provision of (i) the Mühlenberger Loch industrial site; (ii) the lengthened runway at the Bremen airport; and (iii) the ZAC Aéroconstellation and associated EIG facilities, constituted the provision of specific goods and services other than “general infrastructure” and were specific subsidies. The panel also concluded that the challenged grants provided by national and regional authorities in Germany and Spain for the construction of manufacturing and assembly facilities in several locations in Germany and Spain are specific subsidies. However, the panel found that road improvements by French authorities related to the ZAC Aéroconstellation industrial site were measures of general infrastructure, and thus not subsidies, and that GBP 19.5 million provided to Airbus UK in respect of its operations in Broughton, Wales, and a grant provided by the government of Andalusia to Airbus in Puerto Santa Maria, were not specific subsidies.
The panel found that the acquisition by Kreditanstalt für Wiederaufbau (“KfW”) of a 20 percent equity interest in Deutsche Airbus in 1989 was inconsistent with the usual investment practice of private investors in Germany, because no private investor seeking a reasonable rate of return on its investment would have made the equity investment in Deutsche Airbus which KfW made at the time, and that the subsequent sale of that interest to Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm GmbH (“MBB”) in 1992 was for considerably less than its market value. The panel therefore concluded that both of these transactions constituted specific subsidies.
The panel found that the United States had failed to demonstrate that the settlement by the German government of Deutsche Airbus' accumulated debt to the German government in 1998 conferred a benefit on Deutsche Airbus, and dismissed the US claim in this regard.
The panel found that four capital contributions by the French government and Crédit Lyonnais to Aérospatiale between 1987 and 1994 constitute specific subsidies to Airbus because each decision to invest in Aérospatiale was inconsistent with the usual investment practice of private investors in France at the time, and therefore each capital contribution is a specific subsidy. The panel also found that the French government's transfer of its equity interest in Dassault Aviation to Aérospatiale in 1998 was inconsistent with the usual investment practice of a private investor in France at the time, and therefore is a specific subsidy.
Having first determined the amounts of the challenged grants at issue, the panel concluded that (i) research and technological development (R&TD) grants under the Second, Third, Fourth, Fifth and Sixth EC Framework Programmes; (ii) French government R&TD grants between 1986 and 2005; (iii) German Federal government R&TD grants under the LuFo I, LuFo II and LuFo III programmes; (iv) German sub-Federal government grants from the Bavarian authorities under the OZB and Bayerisches Luftfahrtforschungsprogramm, from the Bremen authorities under the AMST programmes, and from the Hamburg authorities under the Luftfahrtforschungsprogramm; (v) loans under the Spanish government PROFIT and PTA programmes; and (vi) UK government grants under the CARAD and ARP programmes, are specific subsidies. However, the panel concluded that (i) the German Federal government's commitment to provide Airbus with a certain R&TD grant under the LuFo III programme, and (ii) certain R&TD grants under the UK Technology Programme, are not specific subsidies.
Having determined which of the measures challenged by the United States are specific subsidies, the panel proceeded to evaluate whether these subsidies to Airbus cause adverse effects to the US interests within the meaning of Articles 5(a) and (c) of the SCM Agreement. Specifically, the panel considered whether, through the use of these subsidies, the European Communities, France, Germany, Spain and the United Kingdom cause or threaten to cause: (i) “injury” to the US industry producing LCA (Article 5(a)); and (ii) “serious prejudice” to US interests (Article 5(c)), in that the effect of the subsidies is (a) to displace or impede imports of US LCA into the EC market, (b) to displace or impede exports of US LCA from third country markets, and (c) significant price undercutting by EC LCA as compared with the price of US LCA in the same market, and significant price suppression, price depression and lost sales in the same market, within the meaning of Articles 6.3(a), (b) and (c) of the SCM Agreement.
The panel first concluded that it was appropriate to conduct the analysis of adverse effects on the basis of one subsidized product, all Airbus LCA, as proposed by the United States, and that there is a single US product that is “like” the subsidized product, namely all Boeing LCA. With respect to the appropriate “reference period” for the assessment of injury and serious prejudice, the panel rejected the US view that it was required to make the determination concerning adverse effects “as of” the date of establishment of the panel in July 2005. The panel concluded it is charged with making a determination of “present” adverse effects, taking into account all of the evidence before it, including the most recent information available, consistent with due process, that is relevant and reliable.
The panel addressed the claims with respect to serious prejudice following a “two-step” approach, considering first whether the evidence demonstrated that the particular market effects identified in Article 6.3(a), (b) and (c) of the SCM Agreement existed, and second whether any of the effects found to exist was caused by the specific subsidies it had found. The panel concluded that the United States had demonstrated the existence of displacement of imports and exports from the European and certain third country markets, as well as significant price depression, price suppression and lost sales, but had failed to demonstrate the existence of significant price undercutting.
With respect to causation, the panel concluded that LA/MSF shifts a significant portion of the risk of launching an aircraft from the manufacturer to the governments supplying funding, which was in all instances on non-commercial terms, and that Airbus' ability to launch, develop, and introduce to the market, each of its LCA models was dependent on subsidized LA/MSF. The panel found that all of the remaining specific subsidies at issue were sufficiently linked to the product and the particular market effects in question to make it appropriate to analyze the effects of the subsidies on an aggregated basis. The panel concluded that Airbus would have been unable to bring to the market the LCA that it launched as and when it did but for the specific subsidies it received from the European Communities and the governments of France, Germany, Spain and the United Kingdom. The panel did not conclude that Airbus necessarily would not exist at all but for the subsidies, but merely that it would, at a minimum, not have been able to launch and develop the LCA models it actually succeeded in bringing to the market. Thus, the panel considered that Airbus' market presence during the period 2001-2006, as reflected in its share of the EC and certain third country markets and the sales it won at Boeing's expense, was clearly an effect of the subsidies in this dispute. However, the panel rejected the US argument that the specific subsidies in this dispute provided Airbus with significant additional cash flow and other financial resources on non-market terms which allowed it to price its aircraft more aggressively than it would otherwise be able to without those subsidies, or that the effect of LA/MSF on cost of capital was such that it enabled Airbus to lower prices of LCA during the period 2001-2006. Therefore, the panel concluded that the United States had failed to demonstrate that an effect of the subsidies was the significant price depression or price suppression observed during that period.
Overall, the panel concluded that the United States had established that the effect of the specific subsidies found was (i) displacement of imports of US LCA into the European market; (ii) displacement of exports of US LCA from the markets of Australia, Brazil, China, Chinese Taipei, Korea, Mexico, and Singapore; (iii) likely displacement of exports of US LCA from the market of India; and (iv) significant lost sales in the same market, and that these effects constituted serious prejudice to the interests of the United States within the meaning of Article 5(c) of the SCM Agreement. However, the panel concluded that the United States had not established that the effect of the specific subsidies found was (i) significant price undercutting; (ii) significant price suppression; and (iii) significant price depression. In addition, the panel concluded that the United States had not established that, through the use of the subsidies, the European Communities and certain EC member States cause or threaten to cause injury to the US domestic industry.
Taking into account the nature of the prohibited subsidies it had found in this dispute, and in the light of Article 4.7 of the SCM Agreement, the panel recommended that the subsidizing Member granting each subsidy found to be prohibited withdraw it without delay, specifying that this be within 90 days. In light of its conclusions with respect to adverse effects, the panel recommended, pursuant to Article 7.8 of the SCM Agreement, that upon adoption of its report, or of an Appellate Body report in this dispute determining that any subsidy has resulted in adverse effects to the interests of the United States, the Member granting each subsidy found to have resulted in such adverse effects “take appropriate steps to remove the adverse effects or ... withdraw the subsidy”. However, the panel declined to make any suggestions concerning steps that might be taken to implement its recommendations.
On 21 July 2010, the European Union appealed to the Appellate Body certain issues of law covered in the panel report and certain legal interpretations developed by the panel. On 12 August 2010, the Chairman of the Appellate Body advised the DSB that on 5 August 2010, the European Union requested to amend its Notice of Appeal dated 21 July 2010. On 11 August 2010, the Appellate Body authorized the European Union to amend its Notice of Appeal. On 19 August 2010, the United States appealed to the Appellate Body certain issues of law covered in the panel report and certain legal interpretations developed by the panel.
On 17 September 2010, the Chairman of the Appellate Body notified the DSB that it would not be able to issue its report within 60 days due to the considerable size of the record and the complexity of the appeal. The Appellate Body will hold oral hearings in the appeal in November and December 2010, and will provide thereafter an estimate for circulation of the report.
On 18 May 2011, the Appellate Body Report was circulated to Members.
Summary of key findings
At its meeting on 1 June 2011, the DSB adopted the Appellate Body report and the panel report, as modified by the Appellate Body report.
Implementation of adopted reports
At the DSB meeting on 17 June 2011, the European Union informed the DSB that the European Union intended to implement the DSB's recommendations and rulings in a manner that respected its WTO obligations, and within the time-limit set out in the SCM Agreement. On 1 December 2011, the European Union informed the DSB that it had taken appropriate steps to bring its measures fully into conformity with its WTO obligations, and to comply with the DSB's recommendations and rulings. By having taken appropriate steps to bring its measures into conformity with their WTO obligations, the European Union had ensured full implementation of the DSB's recommendations and rulings. At the DSB meeting on 19 December 2011, the European Union informed the DSB that it had taken appropriate steps to brings its measures into conformity with its WTO obligations, as required by Article 7.8 of the SCM Agreement and Article 19.1 of the DSU. The European Union said that it has serious systemic concerns that despite its compliance report, the United States had already made a request under Article 22.2 of the DSU to authorize the suspension of concessions and had also initiated consultations under Article 21.5 of the DSU. The United States said that it had carefully reviewed the European Union's report on compliance but, in its view, the steps taken by the European Union did not bring it into compliance with the DSB's rulings. The European Union said that there was clearly disagreement on compliance and that Article 21.5 of the DSU provided clear procedures for resolving the disagreement.
Compliance proceedings
On 9 December 2011, the United States requested consultations with the European Union pursuant to Article 21.5 of the DSU. On 12 January 2012, the European Union and the United States informed the DSB of Agreed Procedures under Articles 21 and 22 of the DSU and Article 7 of the SCM Agreement. On 30 March 2012, the United States requested the establishment of a compliance panel. At its meeting on 13 April 2012, the DSB agreed to refer to the original panel, if possible, the matter raised by the United States pertaining to this dispute. Canada, China, Japan and Korea reserved their third-party rights. Subsequently, Australia and Brazil reserved their third-party rights. On 17 April 2012, the compliance panel was composed.
On 13 August 2012, the Chairman of the panel informed the DSB that the panel, after consultations with the parties, had adopted a timetable in which it expected to issue its report in 2013. While the timetable originally adopted was likely to be revised, in light of certain matters being addressed by the parties, the panel continued to expect to issue its report before the end of 2013. On 9 December 2013, the Chairman of the panel informed the DSB that due to the substantive and procedural complexities of this dispute, it would not be possible for the panel to complete it work in 2013. The panel expected to complete its work by the end of 2014. However, on 9 October 2014, the Chair of the panel informed the DSB that due to the substantive and procedural complexities of the dispute, and having further reviewed the work that remains to be completed, it expected to complete its work by the end of 2015. On 11 December 2015, the Chair of the panel informed the DSB that due to the substantive and procedural complexities of the dispute, and having further reviewed the work that remains to be completed, it expected to complete its work by the end of June 2016.
On 22 September 2016, the compliance panel report was circulated to Members.
Summary of key findings
On 13 October 2016, the European Union notified the DSB of its decision to appeal certain issues of law and legal interpretations developed by the compliance panel. On 10 November 2016, the United States notified the DSB of its decision to cross-appeal.
On 21 December 2016, the Appellate Body informed the DSB that it would not be able to circulate the Appellate Body report in this appeal by the end of the 60-day period, or within the 90‑day timeframe provided for in the last sentence of Article 17.5 of the DSU, due to the exceptional size and complexity of these compliance proceedings. The Appellate Body also informed the DSB that the circulation date of the Appellate Body report in this appeal would be communicated to the participants and third participants in due course. On 4 May 2018, the Appellate Body informed the DSB that its report in this appeal would be circulated no later than 15 May 2018.
On 15 May 2018, the Compliance Appellate Body report was circulated to Members.
Summary of key findings
At its meeting on 28 May 2018, the DSB adopted the Appellate Body report and the panel report, as modified by the Appellate Body report.
Implementation following compliance proceedings
On 17 May 2018, the European Union informed the DSB that it had taken the appropriate steps to bring its measures into conformity with its WTO obligations, and to comply with the DSB's recommendations and rulings.
Proceedings under Article 22 of the DSU (remedies)
On 9 December 2011, the United States, being of the view that the European Union and certain member States had failed to comply with the DSB's recommendations and rulings, requested authorization by the DSB to take countermeasures under Article 22 of the DSU and Article 7.9 of the SCM Agreement. At the DSB meeting on 22 December 2011, the European Union objected to the level of suspension of concessions or other obligations contained in the United States' request and claimed that the principles and procedures set forth in Article 22.3 of the DSU had not been followed. The European Union also stated that the United States' proposal is not allowed under the covered agreements. The European Union requested the matter be referred to arbitration under Article 22.6 of the DSU. The DSB agreed that the matter raised by the European Union in its statement at that meeting was referred to arbitration as required by Article 22.6 of the DSU.
On 19 January 2012, the United States and the European Union requested the Arbitrator to suspend its work. As stated in paragraph 6 of the Agreed Procedures, in the event that the DSB, following a proceeding under Article 21.5 of the DSU, rules that the measure taken to comply does not exist or is inconsistent with a covered agreement, either party may request the Article 22.6 arbitrator to resume its work. In accordance with the parties' joint request, the Arbitrator suspended the arbitration proceedings from 20 January 2012 until either party requests their resumption.
Following the resignation of the Chair of the Arbitrator and the unavailability of one of the members of the Arbitrator, on 28 June 2018, the United States requested the Director-General to appoint a new Chair and a new member of the Arbitrator. The Arbitrator was thus composed as follows:
Chairperson:
Mr Faizullah Khilji
Members:
Mr Scott Gallacher
Mr Thinus Jacobsz
On 17 July 2018, the Chair of the Arbitrator informed the DSB that on 13 July 2018 the United States requested the resumption of the Arbitrator’s work. The Arbitrator therefore resumed its work as of 13 July 2018.
On 2 October 2019, the Arbitrator circulated its Decision to Members.
Summary of key findings
Compliance proceedings (recourse by the European Union)
On 29 May 2018, the European Union requested consultations with the United States pursuant to Article 21.5 of the DSU with respect to a disagreement regarding the existence or consistency with the WTO covered agreements of measures taken by the European Union to comply with the DSB's recommendations and rulings in this dispute. On 31 July 2018, the European Union requested the establishment of a compliance panel. At its meeting on 15 August 2018, the DSB deferred the establishment of a compliance panel.
At its meeting on 27 August 2018, the DSB agreed, pursuant to Article 21.5 of the DSU, to refer to the original panel, if possible, the matter raised by the European Union. Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, India, Japan and the Russian Federation reserved their third-party rights.
Given the unavailability of two members of the original panel, on 17 September 2018, the European Union requested the Director-General to determine the composition of the compliance panel. On 28 September 2018, the Director-General composed the compliance panel.
On 16 November 2018, the Chair of the compliance panel informed the DSB that due to the complexity of the dispute, the compliance panel did not expect to complete its work before the end of 2019.
The ICC Institute of World Business Law held and advanced-level training on the assessment of damages by arbitrators ahead of the ICC Asia Conference on International Arbitration on 25 June 2019 in Singapore.
A Liga das Américas 2014 é a sétima edição da competição, que envolve equipes de quase todo o continente americano. Na edição anterior participaram 12 equipes. Para este ano, a FIBA decidiu voltar ao número de vagas de 16 equipes participantes.
As sedes desse evento na primeira fase foram: Neiva na Colômbia (Grupo A), Montevidéu no Uruguai (Grupo B), Xalapa no México (Grupo C) e Quito no Equador (Grupo D). Na segunda fase, as sedes foram Xalapa (Grupo E) e Montevidéu (Grupo F).
A fase final do torneio foi realizada no formato de semifinal, decisão de terceiro lugar e final, todos disputados em jogo único.No dia 11 de março, a FIBA anunciou a cidade do Rio de Janeiro como sede. O local escolhido para os jogos foi o Ginásio do Maracanãzinho, com capacidade para 11.800 torcedores. Foi a primeira vez que o Brasil sediou a fase final da Liga das Américas. A candidatura do Rio foi apresentada pelo Flamengo na segunda, dia 10 de março, e concorreu com as candidaturas de Xalapa e de Montevidéu. Para viabilizar o projeto, o clube brasileiro conseguiu dois patrocínios, totalizando cerca de 600 mil reais, para custear o deslocamento das três delegações adversárias, cinco diárias, alimentação, diretorias e árbitros. Como mandante, teve a receita da bilheteria nos dois dias. Flamengo e Pinheiros venceram as semifinais e fizeram uma final brasileira. O clube carioca venceu o atual campeão do torneio por 83 a 74 e conquistou o título inédito para o clube e de forma invicta, com o apoio de 8.701 torcedores.
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The League of the Americas in 2014 is the seventh edition of the competition , which involves teams of almost the entire American continent . In the previous edition 12 teams participated . For this year , FIBA decided to return the number of vacancies of 16 participating teams .
The headquarters of this event in the first phase were : Neiva in Colombia ( Group A) , Montevideo in Uruguay ( Group B ) , Xalapa in Mexico ( Group C ) and Quito in Ecuador ( Group D ) . In the second phase , the seats were Xalapa ( Group E) and Montevideo ( Group F ) .
The final tournament was held in the semifinal format decision Third and final , played in every game único.No March 11 , FIBA announced the city of Rio de Janeiro as the host . The venue for the games was the Maracanãzinho , with capacity for 11,800 spectators . It was the first time Brazil hosted the finals of the League of the Americas . The Rio was introduced by Flamengo on Monday, March 10 , and competed with the nominations of Xalapa and Montevideo . To fund the project , the Brazilian club managed two sponsorships totaling about 600 thousand dollars , to defray the displacement of the three opposing delegations , five daily feeding boards and arbitrators . As principal , had the recipe from the box office on both days. Flemish and Pines won the semifinals and made a final Brazilian . The Carioca club won the current tournament champion by 83-74 and won the exclusive title for the club and unbeaten , with the support of 8,701 fans .
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La Liga de las Américas en el año 2014 es la séptima edición del concurso , que consiste en equipos de casi todo el continente americano. En la edición anterior participaron 12 equipos . Para este año , la FIBA decidió devolver el número de vacantes de 16 equipos participantes.
La sede de este evento en la primera fase fueron: Neiva en Colombia (Grupo A) , Montevideo en Uruguay (Grupo B) , de Xalapa en México (Grupo C) y Quito, en Ecuador (Grupo D). En la segunda fase , los asientos eran Xalapa (Grupo E) y Montevideo (Grupo F).
La fase final se celebró en la decisión formato de semifinales Tercero y último , jugado en todos los partidos único.No 11 de marzo de FIBA anunció que la ciudad de Río de Janeiro como sede . La sede de los juegos fue el Maracanãzinho , con capacidad para 11.800 espectadores. Era la primera vez que Brasil fue sede de la final de la Liga de las Américas . El Río fue presentado por el Flamengo el lunes 10 de marzo, y compitió con las nominaciones de Xalapa y Montevideo . Para financiar el proyecto, el equipo brasileño logró dos patrocinios por un total de alrededor de 600 mil dólares , para sufragar el desplazamiento de las tres delegaciones que se oponen , cinco tableros de alimentación diaria y árbitros . Como director, tenía la receta de la taquilla en los dos días . Flamenca y Pines ganaron las semifinales e hizo una final brasileña. El club carioca ganó el campeón del torneo actual por 83-74 y ganó el título exclusivo para el club y el invicto , con el apoyo de 8.701 fans.
مسجد مریم زمانی لاهور - Mosque of Mariyam Zamani Begum also known as Begum Shahi Mosque is a mosque situated Walled City of Lahore, Masti Gate (originally Masjadi Gate / Darwaza - mis spelled over a period of time), Punjab, Pakistan. It was built by Nuruddin Salim Jahangir, for his mother Mariam-uz-Zamani, and the wife of Mughal Emperor, Akbar.
The mosque stands out for its unique fresco decoration, with which the whole interior surface of the prayer chamber is replete. The paintings are unrivalled for their delicacy, liveliness, perfection of technique, and variety of subject. The endless variety of geometric, floral, and inscriptional designs spread over the interior surface in a subtle colour scheme is not seen elsewhere. The surface has been divided into various panels of different shapes and dimensions according to the space available, and all the soffits, niches, squinches, arches, dome interiors, and apex are covered with these paintings.
On 3 April 2019, Paris Arbitration Week participants saw the launch of the newly released report from the ICC Commission on Arbitration and ADR, which provides guidance to users, counsel and arbitrators on emergency arbitrator proceedings.
From Wikipedia: Arles (February 1888 – May 1889)
Van Gogh arrived on 21 February 1888, at the railroad station in Arles, crossed Place Lamartine, entered the city through the Porte de la Cavalerie, and took quarters a few steps further, at the Hôtel-Restaurant Carrel, 30 Rue Cavalerie. He had ideas of founding a Utopian art colony. His companion for two months was the Danish artist, Christian Mourier-Petersen. In March, he painted local landscapes, using a gridded "perspective frame." Three of his pictures were shown at the annual exhibition of the Société des Artistes Indépendants. In April he was visited by the American painter, Dodge MacKnight, who was resident in Fontvieille nearby.
On 1 May he signed a lease for 15 francs a month to rent the four rooms in the right hand side of the "Yellow House" (so called because its outside walls were yellow) at No. 2 Place Lamartine. The house was unfurnished and had been uninhabited for some time so he was not able to move in straight away. He had been staying at the Hôtel Restaurant Carrel in the Rue de la Cavalerie, just inside the medieval gate to the city, with the old Roman Arena in view. The rate charged by the hotel was 5 francs a week, which Van Gogh regarded as excessive. He disputed the price, and took the case to the local arbitrator who awarded him a twelve franc reduction on his total bill. On 7 May he moved out of the Hôtel Carrel, and moved into the Café de la Gare. He became friends with the proprietors, Joseph and Marie Ginoux. Although the Yellow House had to be furnished before he could fully move in, Van Gogh was able to use it as a studio. His major project at this time was a series of paintings intended to form the décoration for the Yellow House.
In June he visited Saintes-Maries-de-la-Mer. He gave drawing lessons to a Zouave second lieutenant, Paul-Eugène Milliet, who also became a companion. MacKnight introduced him to Eugène Boch, a Belgian painter, who stayed at times in Fontvieille (they exchanged visits in July). Gauguin agreed to join him in Arles. In August he painted sunflowers; Boch visited again. On 8 September, upon advice from his friend the station's postal supervisor Joseph Roulin, he bought two beds, and he finally spent the first night in the still sparsely furnished Yellow House on 17 September.
On 23 October Gauguin eventually arrived in Arles, after repeated requests from Van Gogh. During November they painted together. Uncharacteristically, Van Gogh painted some pictures from memory, deferring to Gauguin's ideas in this. Their first joint outdoor painting exercise was conducted at the picturesque Alyscamps. It was in November that Van Gogh painted The Red Vineyard.
In December the two artists visited Montpellier and viewed works by Courbet and Delacroix in the Museé Fabre. However, their relationship was deteriorating badly. They quarrelled fiercely about art. Van Gogh felt an increasing fear that Gauguin was going to desert him, and what he described as a situation of "excessive tension" reached a crisis point on 23 December 1888, when Van Gogh stalked Gauguin with a razor and then cut off the lower part of his own left ear lobe, which he wrapped in newspaper and gave to a prostitute named Rachel in the local brothel, asking her to "keep this object carefully." Gauguin left Arles and did not see Van Gogh again. Van Gogh was hospitalised and in a critical state for a few days. He was immediately visited by Theo (whom Gauguin had notified), as well as Madame Ginoux and frequently by Roulin. In January 1889 Van Gogh returned to the "Yellow House", but spent the following month between hospital and home, suffering from hallucinations and paranoia that he was being poisoned. In March the police closed his house, after a petition by thirty townspeople, who called him fou roux ("the redheaded madman"). Signac visited him in hospital and Van Gogh was allowed home in his company. In April he moved into rooms owned by Dr. Rey, after floods damaged paintings in his own home. On 17 April Theo married Johanna Bonger in Amsterdam.
Stock exchange for agricultural products
(Pictures you can see by clicking on the link at the end of the site!)
Vienna, 10 Tabor Road, stock exchange for agricultural products, 2008
Picture from 1900
The Attic inscriptions
The back side of the Great Mohrengasse
Interior, adapted as Odeon Theatre 2010
The market for agricultural products in Vienna, in short, Commodity Exchange, is a in 1869 founded produce exchange, without time bargain. It is located since 1890 in a 1887-1890 specifically created building in Tabor street in Vienna's Leopoldstadt.
During National Socialism in Austria (1938-1945) as well as because of market organisation act, from 1949 to 1994 the stock market possessed no power. With Austria's EU accession in 1995 the stock market was reactivated and resumed the function of the finding of the target price (Richtpreisfindung) for the Austrian market by the major market participants. Stock exchange listings are taking place on a weekly basis.
In addition, the Vienna Commodity Exchange has a tribunal that is responsible for all members and trading partners in the event of disputes.
History
Since 1812, the grain trade is a free business in Austria, therefore, therefore, corn a commodity. With the development of trade in 1853 arose the Viennese fruit and flour stock exchange. This was for the moment subordinated under the Vienna Magistrate and was only on 24 June 1869 independent. This was the birth year of the Vienna Commodity Exchange. Whose trade for the moment took place in the café Commodity Exchanges in Vienna's Leopoldstadt (2nd district). With the increase of trading volume and the trading participants, the construction of a separate stock exchange building was decided. The contract for this got in 1887 the architect Karl König, who built the Stock Exchange building in Tabor street, near the café in the Neo-Renaissance style. The completion and the start of trading took place on 23 August, 1890. In Latin letters the motto of the stock market was walled in: in usum negotiatorum cuiuscumque Nationis ac linguae ("the merchants of all nations and all languages dedicated").
Until the First World War, the Stock Exchange was the most important market for agricultural products of the Austro-Hungarian monarchy. After its demise, and the years of inflation, stock exchange trading experienced a large decline, of which the stock market not recovered until the mid-20s.
In 1938, after the annexation of Austria to Germany, the stock market was closed. During the Second World War, the stock market was hit in air raids on Vienna, the trading hall burned down . After the war was began with the rebuilding. On 10 November 1948 followed the reconstitution of the Stock Exchange Chamber and on Wednesday, the 29th July 1949, the first stock exchange meeting was held in Taborstraße in the repaired stock exchange building. The stock market was now, however, because of market regulation law determining the fixing of prices by the social partnership largely meaningless. It merely served as a weekly meeting place of key market participants. From the 1980s on, the great hall was used by the Odeon Theatre.
With the accession of Austria to the EU market in 1995, the Market Organsation Act had to be abrogated. The Commodity Exchange sat together again and took up again its function as place of target price finding of the key market participants.
The Vienna Commodity Exchange was decisively involved in the making of a unified Italian-Austrian-German model agreement for the grain trade.
Stock exchange dealing
Merchandises
Actual trading does not take place at the Produce Exchange. However, there are business transactions from a certain minium dimension for the purpose of target price finding of the traded commodities - depending on traded good, differently high, as a rule, not less than 100 tons - recorded. The exchange traffic includes substantially all in the region grown agricultural raw materials and semi-finished products which are used for human and animal consumption. Excluded from the exchange traffic are forestry products, spices, herbs as well as raw materials serving for the production of fabrics and spun yarns, such as jute. Also excluded are almost all "colonial goods", ie sugar, coffee, tea, chocolate, cocoa, and the like.
Trade practices
As binding basis of the in business occurring terms, business conditions, deadlines, settlement procedures and trade practices are serving the practices of the stock exchange for agricultural products Vienna. They should prevent misunderstandings and misinterpretations and thus facilitate domestic and international trade.
In addition, special provisions specify what requirements quality or brand denominations must fulfill - such as, "quality" or "Premium Wheat".
Quotation
The quotations occure on the basis of actual having taken place trade, hence, without contracts such as options and futures, which are not traded in Vienna, once a week on Wednesday at 13.30 clock. For assessment used are only large trades from a certain minimum quantity at wholesale price. Fixed are the prices ultimately by the Price Determination Commission, which is under the supervision of the Exchange Commissioner. The publication of the prices takes place in the official list.
Organs
Exchange Chamber
The management of the stock exchange for agricultural products behooves the chamber of the market for agricultural products in Vienna. This is composed of 30 stock exchange councilors called members, who are elected or appointed for a term of four years. They are appointed in equal numbers by the Ministry of Agriculture from by the Austrian Chambers of Agriculture proposed persons. More, in all, three members are appointed by the Chambers of Agriculture of Vienna, Lower Austria and Burgenland. The remaining 17 members are elected by the stock exchange members six of which must be coming from the milling industry or the milling craft, one from the flour processing industry or sector, six from the grain trade. The other four may belong to other professional groups participating in the exchange market. A further condition on the 30 trading councils is, that at least half of them reside in Vienna.
Out of the stock exchange councils, as well for four years are elected a governing body, the executive of the stock exchange plus the chairman of the stock exchange with his three vice-presidents and the treasurer.
As supervising organ acts the commissioner of the stock exchange with his two deputies, which are provided by the Ministry of Agriculture and Ministry of Economy.
Also appointed by the stock exchange chamber are the four-member panel of arbitrators and the three-member college of experts.
Former Presidents of the Exchange Chamber:
1869-1872: Konstantin Dora
1872-1875: Roman Uhl
1876-1894: Wilhelm Naschauer
1895-1916: Paul Ritter von Schoeller
1917-1925: Fritz Mendl
1926-1928: Hugo Hauser
1929-1931: Hermann Reif
1932-1933: Jakob Handl
1934-1938: Josef Zwetzbacher
1948-1958: Josef Rupp
1959-1963: Alfred Fromm
1963-1976: Leopold Holzschuh
1976-1977: Hermann Grün
1978-1993: Ernst Polsterer
1994-1997: Kurt Engleitner
since 1998: Rudolf Kunisch
Arbitration
Members of the Exchange are legally bound by the trade practices. These fixe also the recognition of the Arbitration Court of the Vienna Stock Exchange for agricultural products as competent tribunal in the event of disputes or disagreements. This is not bound by procedural requirements of the ordinary courts, and therefore against judgments of the tribunal also can not be appealed. The procedures usually last less than a month and the sayings of the tribunal on the Vienna Stock Exchange are, in contrast to many other European stock exchanges, immediately enforceable executory titles.
de.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%B6rse_f%C3%BCr_landwirtschaftl...
Taborstraße - La chiesa degli Misericordiosi, la iglesia de los Misericordiosos, l'église des Miséricordieux, the Church of the Merciful (Klosterkirche der Barmherzigen Brüder)
Hotel Stefanie
Stock exchange for agricultural products
(Pictures you can see by clicking on the link at the end of the site!)
Vienna, 10 Tabor Road, stock exchange for agricultural products, 2008
Picture from 1900
The Attic inscriptions
The back side of the Great Mohrengasse
Interior, adapted as Odeon Theatre 2010
The market for agricultural products in Vienna, in short, Commodity Exchange, is a in 1869 founded produce exchange, without time bargain. It is located since 1890 in a 1887-1890 specifically created building in Tabor street in Vienna's Leopoldstadt.
During National Socialism in Austria (1938-1945) as well as because of market organisation act, from 1949 to 1994 the stock market possessed no power. With Austria's EU accession in 1995 the stock market was reactivated and resumed the function of the finding of the target price (Richtpreisfindung) for the Austrian market by the major market participants. Stock exchange listings are taking place on a weekly basis.
In addition, the Vienna Commodity Exchange has a tribunal that is responsible for all members and trading partners in the event of disputes.
History
Since 1812, the grain trade is a free business in Austria, therefore, therefore, corn a commodity. With the development of trade in 1853 arose the Viennese fruit and flour stock exchange. This was for the moment subordinated under the Vienna Magistrate and was only on 24 June 1869 independent. This was the birth year of the Vienna Commodity Exchange. Whose trade for the moment took place in the café Commodity Exchanges in Vienna's Leopoldstadt (2nd district). With the increase of trading volume and the trading participants, the construction of a separate stock exchange building was decided. The contract for this got in 1887 the architect Karl König, who built the Stock Exchange building in Tabor street, near the café in the Neo-Renaissance style. The completion and the start of trading took place on 23 August, 1890. In Latin letters the motto of the stock market was walled in: in usum negotiatorum cuiuscumque Nationis ac linguae ("the merchants of all nations and all languages dedicated").
Until the First World War, the Stock Exchange was the most important market for agricultural products of the Austro-Hungarian monarchy. After its demise, and the years of inflation, stock exchange trading experienced a large decline, of which the stock market not recovered until the mid-20s.
In 1938, after the annexation of Austria to Germany, the stock market was closed. During the Second World War, the stock market was hit in air raids on Vienna, the trading hall burned down . After the war was began with the rebuilding. On 10 November 1948 followed the reconstitution of the Stock Exchange Chamber and on Wednesday, the 29th July 1949, the first stock exchange meeting was held in Taborstraße in the repaired stock exchange building. The stock market was now, however, because of market regulation law determining the fixing of prices by the social partnership largely meaningless. It merely served as a weekly meeting place of key market participants. From the 1980s on, the great hall was used by the Odeon Theatre.
With the accession of Austria to the EU market in 1995, the Market Organsation Act had to be abrogated. The Commodity Exchange sat together again and took up again its function as place of target price finding of the key market participants.
The Vienna Commodity Exchange was decisively involved in the making of a unified Italian-Austrian-German model agreement for the grain trade.
Stock exchange dealing
Merchandises
Actual trading does not take place at the Produce Exchange. However, there are business transactions from a certain minium dimension for the purpose of target price finding of the traded commodities - depending on traded good, differently high, as a rule, not less than 100 tons - recorded. The exchange traffic includes substantially all in the region grown agricultural raw materials and semi-finished products which are used for human and animal consumption. Excluded from the exchange traffic are forestry products, spices, herbs as well as raw materials serving for the production of fabrics and spun yarns, such as jute. Also excluded are almost all "colonial goods", ie sugar, coffee, tea, chocolate, cocoa, and the like.
Trade practices
As binding basis of the in business occurring terms, business conditions, deadlines, settlement procedures and trade practices are serving the practices of the stock exchange for agricultural products Vienna. They should prevent misunderstandings and misinterpretations and thus facilitate domestic and international trade.
In addition, special provisions specify what requirements quality or brand denominations must fulfill - such as, "quality" or "Premium Wheat".
Quotation
The quotations occure on the basis of actual having taken place trade, hence, without contracts such as options and futures, which are not traded in Vienna, once a week on Wednesday at 13.30 clock. For assessment used are only large trades from a certain minimum quantity at wholesale price. Fixed are the prices ultimately by the Price Determination Commission, which is under the supervision of the Exchange Commissioner. The publication of the prices takes place in the official list.
Organs
Exchange Chamber
The management of the stock exchange for agricultural products behooves the chamber of the market for agricultural products in Vienna. This is composed of 30 stock exchange councilors called members, who are elected or appointed for a term of four years. They are appointed in equal numbers by the Ministry of Agriculture from by the Austrian Chambers of Agriculture proposed persons. More, in all, three members are appointed by the Chambers of Agriculture of Vienna, Lower Austria and Burgenland. The remaining 17 members are elected by the stock exchange members six of which must be coming from the milling industry or the milling craft, one from the flour processing industry or sector, six from the grain trade. The other four may belong to other professional groups participating in the exchange market. A further condition on the 30 trading councils is, that at least half of them reside in Vienna.
Out of the stock exchange councils, as well for four years are elected a governing body, the executive of the stock exchange plus the chairman of the stock exchange with his three vice-presidents and the treasurer.
As supervising organ acts the commissioner of the stock exchange with his two deputies, which are provided by the Ministry of Agriculture and Ministry of Economy.
Also appointed by the stock exchange chamber are the four-member panel of arbitrators and the three-member college of experts.
Former Presidents of the Exchange Chamber:
1869-1872: Konstantin Dora
1872-1875: Roman Uhl
1876-1894: Wilhelm Naschauer
1895-1916: Paul Ritter von Schoeller
1917-1925: Fritz Mendl
1926-1928: Hugo Hauser
1929-1931: Hermann Reif
1932-1933: Jakob Handl
1934-1938: Josef Zwetzbacher
1948-1958: Josef Rupp
1959-1963: Alfred Fromm
1963-1976: Leopold Holzschuh
1976-1977: Hermann Grün
1978-1993: Ernst Polsterer
1994-1997: Kurt Engleitner
since 1998: Rudolf Kunisch
Arbitration
Members of the Exchange are legally bound by the trade practices. These fixe also the recognition of the Arbitration Court of the Vienna Stock Exchange for agricultural products as competent tribunal in the event of disputes or disagreements. This is not bound by procedural requirements of the ordinary courts, and therefore against judgments of the tribunal also can not be appealed. The procedures usually last less than a month and the sayings of the tribunal on the Vienna Stock Exchange are, in contrast to many other European stock exchanges, immediately enforceable executory titles.
de.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%B6rse_f%C3%BCr_landwirtschaftl...
On 4 April 2019, ICC's Young Arbitrators Forum met to discuss hardship, the interpretation of contracts and confidentiality issues in international arbitration during Paris Arbitration Week.
Hine Junior High School teacher Regina B. Jackson casts her ballot in a preference election between the American Federation of Teachers (AFT) and the National Education Association (NEA) local affiliates April 27, 1967.
Arbitrator Roger Wheeler from the American Arbitration Association (AAA) checks her eligibility in the election that also involved a choice of “no union.” The AAA had been selected to run the election with more than 50 polling places at schools across the city.
The AFT won another urban victory when they beat the NEA in Washington 3,540-2,119. Only 74 voted for no union. Another 266 challenge ballots were not investigated due to the margin of victory.
The vote meant that the AFT local was certified as the bargaining agent for District of Columbia teachers.
With 85% of the unit voting, the election represented a huge step forward for the AFT local, known as the Washington Teachers Union. It only had 200 members three years prior.
The AFT, with a reputation for militance and making demands, had also defeated the NEA in cities such as New York, Philadelphia, Detroit, Cleveland and Boston.
The union went on to negotiate a one-year agreement in December that included a definition of the work day, a 182-day school year. Other improvements included a grievance procedure with binding arbitration, a duty-free lunch and planning periods for elementary school teachers.
Pay was not an issue because the school board and the union agreed to work for passage of a teacher pay bill in Congress.
The first AFT local in the city schools was the Washington, D.C. Association of Attendance Officers organized in 1946 into AFT Local 867.
Local 867 was an integrated union in a segregated city, including segregated schools, and served as an early model for integration within unions.
The national AFT to changed their constitution two years later, essentially dissolving segregated locals.
Under the leadership of Local 8 member and AFT Vice President Selma Borchardt, the Washington Teachers’ Union as it is known today, was formed when the two AFT locals of Washington, D.C., Local 8 and Local 27, merged in June 1953.
However, the union did not gain collective bargaining rights until the school board agreed to do so in December 1966 and scheduled the election won by the AFT.
For more information and related images, see flic.kr/s/aHsmzRgYMk
Photo by Gordon Harding. The image is courtesy of the D.C. Public Library Washington Star Collection © Washington Post.
A Liga das Américas 2014 é a sétima edição da competição, que envolve equipes de quase todo o continente americano. Na edição anterior participaram 12 equipes. Para este ano, a FIBA decidiu voltar ao número de vagas de 16 equipes participantes.
As sedes desse evento na primeira fase foram: Neiva na Colômbia (Grupo A), Montevidéu no Uruguai (Grupo B), Xalapa no México (Grupo C) e Quito no Equador (Grupo D). Na segunda fase, as sedes foram Xalapa (Grupo E) e Montevidéu (Grupo F).
A fase final do torneio foi realizada no formato de semifinal, decisão de terceiro lugar e final, todos disputados em jogo único.No dia 11 de março, a FIBA anunciou a cidade do Rio de Janeiro como sede. O local escolhido para os jogos foi o Ginásio do Maracanãzinho, com capacidade para 11.800 torcedores. Foi a primeira vez que o Brasil sediou a fase final da Liga das Américas. A candidatura do Rio foi apresentada pelo Flamengo na segunda, dia 10 de março, e concorreu com as candidaturas de Xalapa e de Montevidéu. Para viabilizar o projeto, o clube brasileiro conseguiu dois patrocínios, totalizando cerca de 600 mil reais, para custear o deslocamento das três delegações adversárias, cinco diárias, alimentação, diretorias e árbitros. Como mandante, teve a receita da bilheteria nos dois dias. Flamengo e Pinheiros venceram as semifinais e fizeram uma final brasileira. O clube carioca venceu o atual campeão do torneio por 83 a 74 e conquistou o título inédito para o clube e de forma invicta, com o apoio de 8.701 torcedores.
--------------------------
The League of the Americas in 2014 is the seventh edition of the competition , which involves teams of almost the entire American continent . In the previous edition 12 teams participated . For this year , FIBA decided to return the number of vacancies of 16 participating teams .
The headquarters of this event in the first phase were : Neiva in Colombia ( Group A) , Montevideo in Uruguay ( Group B ) , Xalapa in Mexico ( Group C ) and Quito in Ecuador ( Group D ) . In the second phase , the seats were Xalapa ( Group E) and Montevideo ( Group F ) .
The final tournament was held in the semifinal format decision Third and final , played in every game único.No March 11 , FIBA announced the city of Rio de Janeiro as the host . The venue for the games was the Maracanãzinho , with capacity for 11,800 spectators . It was the first time Brazil hosted the finals of the League of the Americas . The Rio was introduced by Flamengo on Monday, March 10 , and competed with the nominations of Xalapa and Montevideo . To fund the project , the Brazilian club managed two sponsorships totaling about 600 thousand dollars , to defray the displacement of the three opposing delegations , five daily feeding boards and arbitrators . As principal , had the recipe from the box office on both days. Flemish and Pines won the semifinals and made a final Brazilian . The Carioca club won the current tournament champion by 83-74 and won the exclusive title for the club and unbeaten , with the support of 8,701 fans .
______________________________
La Liga de las Américas en el año 2014 es la séptima edición del concurso , que consiste en equipos de casi todo el continente americano. En la edición anterior participaron 12 equipos . Para este año , la FIBA decidió devolver el número de vacantes de 16 equipos participantes.
La sede de este evento en la primera fase fueron: Neiva en Colombia (Grupo A) , Montevideo en Uruguay (Grupo B) , de Xalapa en México (Grupo C) y Quito, en Ecuador (Grupo D). En la segunda fase , los asientos eran Xalapa (Grupo E) y Montevideo (Grupo F).
La fase final se celebró en la decisión formato de semifinales Tercero y último , jugado en todos los partidos único.No 11 de marzo de FIBA anunció que la ciudad de Río de Janeiro como sede . La sede de los juegos fue el Maracanãzinho , con capacidad para 11.800 espectadores. Era la primera vez que Brasil fue sede de la final de la Liga de las Américas . El Río fue presentado por el Flamengo el lunes 10 de marzo, y compitió con las nominaciones de Xalapa y Montevideo . Para financiar el proyecto, el equipo brasileño logró dos patrocinios por un total de alrededor de 600 mil dólares , para sufragar el desplazamiento de las tres delegaciones que se oponen , cinco tableros de alimentación diaria y árbitros . Como director, tenía la receta de la taquilla en los dos días . Flamenca y Pines ganaron las semifinales e hizo una final brasileña. El club carioca ganó el campeón del torneo actual por 83-74 y ganó el título exclusivo para el club y el invicto , con el apoyo de 8.701 fans.
A Liga das Américas 2014 é a sétima edição da competição, que envolve equipes de quase todo o continente americano. Na edição anterior participaram 12 equipes. Para este ano, a FIBA decidiu voltar ao número de vagas de 16 equipes participantes.
As sedes desse evento na primeira fase foram: Neiva na Colômbia (Grupo A), Montevidéu no Uruguai (Grupo B), Xalapa no México (Grupo C) e Quito no Equador (Grupo D). Na segunda fase, as sedes foram Xalapa (Grupo E) e Montevidéu (Grupo F).
A fase final do torneio foi realizada no formato de semifinal, decisão de terceiro lugar e final, todos disputados em jogo único.No dia 11 de março, a FIBA anunciou a cidade do Rio de Janeiro como sede. O local escolhido para os jogos foi o Ginásio do Maracanãzinho, com capacidade para 11.800 torcedores. Foi a primeira vez que o Brasil sediou a fase final da Liga das Américas. A candidatura do Rio foi apresentada pelo Flamengo na segunda, dia 10 de março, e concorreu com as candidaturas de Xalapa e de Montevidéu. Para viabilizar o projeto, o clube brasileiro conseguiu dois patrocínios, totalizando cerca de 600 mil reais, para custear o deslocamento das três delegações adversárias, cinco diárias, alimentação, diretorias e árbitros. Como mandante, teve a receita da bilheteria nos dois dias. Flamengo e Pinheiros venceram as semifinais e fizeram uma final brasileira. O clube carioca venceu o atual campeão do torneio por 83 a 74 e conquistou o título inédito para o clube e de forma invicta, com o apoio de 8.701 torcedores.
--------------------------
The League of the Americas in 2014 is the seventh edition of the competition , which involves teams of almost the entire American continent . In the previous edition 12 teams participated . For this year , FIBA decided to return the number of vacancies of 16 participating teams .
The headquarters of this event in the first phase were : Neiva in Colombia ( Group A) , Montevideo in Uruguay ( Group B ) , Xalapa in Mexico ( Group C ) and Quito in Ecuador ( Group D ) . In the second phase , the seats were Xalapa ( Group E) and Montevideo ( Group F ) .
The final tournament was held in the semifinal format decision Third and final , played in every game único.No March 11 , FIBA announced the city of Rio de Janeiro as the host . The venue for the games was the Maracanãzinho , with capacity for 11,800 spectators . It was the first time Brazil hosted the finals of the League of the Americas . The Rio was introduced by Flamengo on Monday, March 10 , and competed with the nominations of Xalapa and Montevideo . To fund the project , the Brazilian club managed two sponsorships totaling about 600 thousand dollars , to defray the displacement of the three opposing delegations , five daily feeding boards and arbitrators . As principal , had the recipe from the box office on both days. Flemish and Pines won the semifinals and made a final Brazilian . The Carioca club won the current tournament champion by 83-74 and won the exclusive title for the club and unbeaten , with the support of 8,701 fans .
______________________________
La Liga de las Américas en el año 2014 es la séptima edición del concurso , que consiste en equipos de casi todo el continente americano. En la edición anterior participaron 12 equipos . Para este año , la FIBA decidió devolver el número de vacantes de 16 equipos participantes.
La sede de este evento en la primera fase fueron: Neiva en Colombia (Grupo A) , Montevideo en Uruguay (Grupo B) , de Xalapa en México (Grupo C) y Quito, en Ecuador (Grupo D). En la segunda fase , los asientos eran Xalapa (Grupo E) y Montevideo (Grupo F).
La fase final se celebró en la decisión formato de semifinales Tercero y último , jugado en todos los partidos único.No 11 de marzo de FIBA anunció que la ciudad de Río de Janeiro como sede . La sede de los juegos fue el Maracanãzinho , con capacidad para 11.800 espectadores. Era la primera vez que Brasil fue sede de la final de la Liga de las Américas . El Río fue presentado por el Flamengo el lunes 10 de marzo, y compitió con las nominaciones de Xalapa y Montevideo . Para financiar el proyecto, el equipo brasileño logró dos patrocinios por un total de alrededor de 600 mil dólares , para sufragar el desplazamiento de las tres delegaciones que se oponen , cinco tableros de alimentación diaria y árbitros . Como director, tenía la receta de la taquilla en los dos días . Flamenca y Pines ganaron las semifinales e hizo una final brasileña. El club carioca ganó el campeón del torneo actual por 83-74 y ganó el título exclusivo para el club y el invicto , con el apoyo de 8.701 fans.
Watchet was first recorded during the dark ages, when St Decuman arrived from South Wales and acted as a physician, arbitrator and pastor to the local community. He arrived on a raft with a cow as a companion!
In the Iron ages, Daws Fort was built above Watchet to protect the port and area. Watchet's then natural harbour, made it an early trading centre and in the 10th century coins were minted here for Ethelred II and five more Saxon Kings.
Watchet is unique in that it still retains the Court Leet system of medieval administration, albeit only in name. Posts include Portreeve and the coveted position of Ale Taster. The Star Inn, has won Somerset CAMRA awards for real ale. It's unclear if the Ale Taster had a hand in this!
Watchet gets its name from WACET, the blue dye found in the cliffs. Watchet was an active port with a host of commodities being traded up and down the coast, to Ireland and Wales, while the Mineral Line brought iron ore down for shipment to Wales.
A Liga das Américas 2014 é a sétima edição da competição, que envolve equipes de quase todo o continente americano. Na edição anterior participaram 12 equipes. Para este ano, a FIBA decidiu voltar ao número de vagas de 16 equipes participantes.
As sedes desse evento na primeira fase foram: Neiva na Colômbia (Grupo A), Montevidéu no Uruguai (Grupo B), Xalapa no México (Grupo C) e Quito no Equador (Grupo D). Na segunda fase, as sedes foram Xalapa (Grupo E) e Montevidéu (Grupo F).
A fase final do torneio foi realizada no formato de semifinal, decisão de terceiro lugar e final, todos disputados em jogo único.No dia 11 de março, a FIBA anunciou a cidade do Rio de Janeiro como sede. O local escolhido para os jogos foi o Ginásio do Maracanãzinho, com capacidade para 11.800 torcedores. Foi a primeira vez que o Brasil sediou a fase final da Liga das Américas. A candidatura do Rio foi apresentada pelo Flamengo na segunda, dia 10 de março, e concorreu com as candidaturas de Xalapa e de Montevidéu. Para viabilizar o projeto, o clube brasileiro conseguiu dois patrocínios, totalizando cerca de 600 mil reais, para custear o deslocamento das três delegações adversárias, cinco diárias, alimentação, diretorias e árbitros. Como mandante, teve a receita da bilheteria nos dois dias. Flamengo e Pinheiros venceram as semifinais e fizeram uma final brasileira. O clube carioca venceu o atual campeão do torneio por 83 a 74 e conquistou o título inédito para o clube e de forma invicta, com o apoio de 8.701 torcedores.
--------------------------
The League of the Americas in 2014 is the seventh edition of the competition , which involves teams of almost the entire American continent . In the previous edition 12 teams participated . For this year , FIBA decided to return the number of vacancies of 16 participating teams .
The headquarters of this event in the first phase were : Neiva in Colombia ( Group A) , Montevideo in Uruguay ( Group B ) , Xalapa in Mexico ( Group C ) and Quito in Ecuador ( Group D ) . In the second phase , the seats were Xalapa ( Group E) and Montevideo ( Group F ) .
The final tournament was held in the semifinal format decision Third and final , played in every game único.No March 11 , FIBA announced the city of Rio de Janeiro as the host . The venue for the games was the Maracanãzinho , with capacity for 11,800 spectators . It was the first time Brazil hosted the finals of the League of the Americas . The Rio was introduced by Flamengo on Monday, March 10 , and competed with the nominations of Xalapa and Montevideo . To fund the project , the Brazilian club managed two sponsorships totaling about 600 thousand dollars , to defray the displacement of the three opposing delegations , five daily feeding boards and arbitrators . As principal , had the recipe from the box office on both days. Flemish and Pines won the semifinals and made a final Brazilian . The Carioca club won the current tournament champion by 83-74 and won the exclusive title for the club and unbeaten , with the support of 8,701 fans .
______________________________
La Liga de las Américas en el año 2014 es la séptima edición del concurso , que consiste en equipos de casi todo el continente americano. En la edición anterior participaron 12 equipos . Para este año , la FIBA decidió devolver el número de vacantes de 16 equipos participantes.
La sede de este evento en la primera fase fueron: Neiva en Colombia (Grupo A) , Montevideo en Uruguay (Grupo B) , de Xalapa en México (Grupo C) y Quito, en Ecuador (Grupo D). En la segunda fase , los asientos eran Xalapa (Grupo E) y Montevideo (Grupo F).
La fase final se celebró en la decisión formato de semifinales Tercero y último , jugado en todos los partidos único.No 11 de marzo de FIBA anunció que la ciudad de Río de Janeiro como sede . La sede de los juegos fue el Maracanãzinho , con capacidad para 11.800 espectadores. Era la primera vez que Brasil fue sede de la final de la Liga de las Américas . El Río fue presentado por el Flamengo el lunes 10 de marzo, y compitió con las nominaciones de Xalapa y Montevideo . Para financiar el proyecto, el equipo brasileño logró dos patrocinios por un total de alrededor de 600 mil dólares , para sufragar el desplazamiento de las tres delegaciones que se oponen , cinco tableros de alimentación diaria y árbitros . Como director, tenía la receta de la taquilla en los dos días . Flamenca y Pines ganaron las semifinales e hizo una final brasileña. El club carioca ganó el campeón del torneo actual por 83-74 y ganó el título exclusivo para el club y el invicto , con el apoyo de 8.701 fans.
A Liga das Américas 2014 é a sétima edição da competição, que envolve equipes de quase todo o continente americano. Na edição anterior participaram 12 equipes. Para este ano, a FIBA decidiu voltar ao número de vagas de 16 equipes participantes.
As sedes desse evento na primeira fase foram: Neiva na Colômbia (Grupo A), Montevidéu no Uruguai (Grupo B), Xalapa no México (Grupo C) e Quito no Equador (Grupo D). Na segunda fase, as sedes foram Xalapa (Grupo E) e Montevidéu (Grupo F).
A fase final do torneio foi realizada no formato de semifinal, decisão de terceiro lugar e final, todos disputados em jogo único.No dia 11 de março, a FIBA anunciou a cidade do Rio de Janeiro como sede. O local escolhido para os jogos foi o Ginásio do Maracanãzinho, com capacidade para 11.800 torcedores. Foi a primeira vez que o Brasil sediou a fase final da Liga das Américas. A candidatura do Rio foi apresentada pelo Flamengo na segunda, dia 10 de março, e concorreu com as candidaturas de Xalapa e de Montevidéu. Para viabilizar o projeto, o clube brasileiro conseguiu dois patrocínios, totalizando cerca de 600 mil reais, para custear o deslocamento das três delegações adversárias, cinco diárias, alimentação, diretorias e árbitros. Como mandante, teve a receita da bilheteria nos dois dias. Flamengo e Pinheiros venceram as semifinais e fizeram uma final brasileira. O clube carioca venceu o atual campeão do torneio por 83 a 74 e conquistou o título inédito para o clube e de forma invicta, com o apoio de 8.701 torcedores.
--------------------------
The League of the Americas in 2014 is the seventh edition of the competition , which involves teams of almost the entire American continent . In the previous edition 12 teams participated . For this year , FIBA decided to return the number of vacancies of 16 participating teams .
The headquarters of this event in the first phase were : Neiva in Colombia ( Group A) , Montevideo in Uruguay ( Group B ) , Xalapa in Mexico ( Group C ) and Quito in Ecuador ( Group D ) . In the second phase , the seats were Xalapa ( Group E) and Montevideo ( Group F ) .
The final tournament was held in the semifinal format decision Third and final , played in every game único.No March 11 , FIBA announced the city of Rio de Janeiro as the host . The venue for the games was the Maracanãzinho , with capacity for 11,800 spectators . It was the first time Brazil hosted the finals of the League of the Americas . The Rio was introduced by Flamengo on Monday, March 10 , and competed with the nominations of Xalapa and Montevideo . To fund the project , the Brazilian club managed two sponsorships totaling about 600 thousand dollars , to defray the displacement of the three opposing delegations , five daily feeding boards and arbitrators . As principal , had the recipe from the box office on both days. Flemish and Pines won the semifinals and made a final Brazilian . The Carioca club won the current tournament champion by 83-74 and won the exclusive title for the club and unbeaten , with the support of 8,701 fans .
______________________________
La Liga de las Américas en el año 2014 es la séptima edición del concurso , que consiste en equipos de casi todo el continente americano. En la edición anterior participaron 12 equipos . Para este año , la FIBA decidió devolver el número de vacantes de 16 equipos participantes.
La sede de este evento en la primera fase fueron: Neiva en Colombia (Grupo A) , Montevideo en Uruguay (Grupo B) , de Xalapa en México (Grupo C) y Quito, en Ecuador (Grupo D). En la segunda fase , los asientos eran Xalapa (Grupo E) y Montevideo (Grupo F).
La fase final se celebró en la decisión formato de semifinales Tercero y último , jugado en todos los partidos único.No 11 de marzo de FIBA anunció que la ciudad de Río de Janeiro como sede . La sede de los juegos fue el Maracanãzinho , con capacidad para 11.800 espectadores. Era la primera vez que Brasil fue sede de la final de la Liga de las Américas . El Río fue presentado por el Flamengo el lunes 10 de marzo, y compitió con las nominaciones de Xalapa y Montevideo . Para financiar el proyecto, el equipo brasileño logró dos patrocinios por un total de alrededor de 600 mil dólares , para sufragar el desplazamiento de las tres delegaciones que se oponen , cinco tableros de alimentación diaria y árbitros . Como director, tenía la receta de la taquilla en los dos días . Flamenca y Pines ganaron las semifinales e hizo una final brasileña. El club carioca ganó el campeón del torneo actual por 83-74 y ganó el título exclusivo para el club y el invicto , con el apoyo de 8.701 fans.
A Liga das Américas 2014 é a sétima edição da competição, que envolve equipes de quase todo o continente americano. Na edição anterior participaram 12 equipes. Para este ano, a FIBA decidiu voltar ao número de vagas de 16 equipes participantes.
As sedes desse evento na primeira fase foram: Neiva na Colômbia (Grupo A), Montevidéu no Uruguai (Grupo B), Xalapa no México (Grupo C) e Quito no Equador (Grupo D). Na segunda fase, as sedes foram Xalapa (Grupo E) e Montevidéu (Grupo F).
A fase final do torneio foi realizada no formato de semifinal, decisão de terceiro lugar e final, todos disputados em jogo único.No dia 11 de março, a FIBA anunciou a cidade do Rio de Janeiro como sede. O local escolhido para os jogos foi o Ginásio do Maracanãzinho, com capacidade para 11.800 torcedores. Foi a primeira vez que o Brasil sediou a fase final da Liga das Américas. A candidatura do Rio foi apresentada pelo Flamengo na segunda, dia 10 de março, e concorreu com as candidaturas de Xalapa e de Montevidéu. Para viabilizar o projeto, o clube brasileiro conseguiu dois patrocínios, totalizando cerca de 600 mil reais, para custear o deslocamento das três delegações adversárias, cinco diárias, alimentação, diretorias e árbitros. Como mandante, teve a receita da bilheteria nos dois dias. Flamengo e Pinheiros venceram as semifinais e fizeram uma final brasileira. O clube carioca venceu o atual campeão do torneio por 83 a 74 e conquistou o título inédito para o clube e de forma invicta, com o apoio de 8.701 torcedores.
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The League of the Americas in 2014 is the seventh edition of the competition , which involves teams of almost the entire American continent . In the previous edition 12 teams participated . For this year , FIBA decided to return the number of vacancies of 16 participating teams .
The headquarters of this event in the first phase were : Neiva in Colombia ( Group A) , Montevideo in Uruguay ( Group B ) , Xalapa in Mexico ( Group C ) and Quito in Ecuador ( Group D ) . In the second phase , the seats were Xalapa ( Group E) and Montevideo ( Group F ) .
The final tournament was held in the semifinal format decision Third and final , played in every game único.No March 11 , FIBA announced the city of Rio de Janeiro as the host . The venue for the games was the Maracanãzinho , with capacity for 11,800 spectators . It was the first time Brazil hosted the finals of the League of the Americas . The Rio was introduced by Flamengo on Monday, March 10 , and competed with the nominations of Xalapa and Montevideo . To fund the project , the Brazilian club managed two sponsorships totaling about 600 thousand dollars , to defray the displacement of the three opposing delegations , five daily feeding boards and arbitrators . As principal , had the recipe from the box office on both days. Flemish and Pines won the semifinals and made a final Brazilian . The Carioca club won the current tournament champion by 83-74 and won the exclusive title for the club and unbeaten , with the support of 8,701 fans .
______________________________
La Liga de las Américas en el año 2014 es la séptima edición del concurso , que consiste en equipos de casi todo el continente americano. En la edición anterior participaron 12 equipos . Para este año , la FIBA decidió devolver el número de vacantes de 16 equipos participantes.
La sede de este evento en la primera fase fueron: Neiva en Colombia (Grupo A) , Montevideo en Uruguay (Grupo B) , de Xalapa en México (Grupo C) y Quito, en Ecuador (Grupo D). En la segunda fase , los asientos eran Xalapa (Grupo E) y Montevideo (Grupo F).
La fase final se celebró en la decisión formato de semifinales Tercero y último , jugado en todos los partidos único.No 11 de marzo de FIBA anunció que la ciudad de Río de Janeiro como sede . La sede de los juegos fue el Maracanãzinho , con capacidad para 11.800 espectadores. Era la primera vez que Brasil fue sede de la final de la Liga de las Américas . El Río fue presentado por el Flamengo el lunes 10 de marzo, y compitió con las nominaciones de Xalapa y Montevideo . Para financiar el proyecto, el equipo brasileño logró dos patrocinios por un total de alrededor de 600 mil dólares , para sufragar el desplazamiento de las tres delegaciones que se oponen , cinco tableros de alimentación diaria y árbitros . Como director, tenía la receta de la taquilla en los dos días . Flamenca y Pines ganaron las semifinales e hizo una final brasileña. El club carioca ganó el campeón del torneo actual por 83-74 y ganó el título exclusivo para el club y el invicto , con el apoyo de 8.701 fans.
A Liga das Américas 2014 é a sétima edição da competição, que envolve equipes de quase todo o continente americano. Na edição anterior participaram 12 equipes. Para este ano, a FIBA decidiu voltar ao número de vagas de 16 equipes participantes.
As sedes desse evento na primeira fase foram: Neiva na Colômbia (Grupo A), Montevidéu no Uruguai (Grupo B), Xalapa no México (Grupo C) e Quito no Equador (Grupo D). Na segunda fase, as sedes foram Xalapa (Grupo E) e Montevidéu (Grupo F).
A fase final do torneio foi realizada no formato de semifinal, decisão de terceiro lugar e final, todos disputados em jogo único.No dia 11 de março, a FIBA anunciou a cidade do Rio de Janeiro como sede. O local escolhido para os jogos foi o Ginásio do Maracanãzinho, com capacidade para 11.800 torcedores. Foi a primeira vez que o Brasil sediou a fase final da Liga das Américas. A candidatura do Rio foi apresentada pelo Flamengo na segunda, dia 10 de março, e concorreu com as candidaturas de Xalapa e de Montevidéu. Para viabilizar o projeto, o clube brasileiro conseguiu dois patrocínios, totalizando cerca de 600 mil reais, para custear o deslocamento das três delegações adversárias, cinco diárias, alimentação, diretorias e árbitros. Como mandante, teve a receita da bilheteria nos dois dias. Flamengo e Pinheiros venceram as semifinais e fizeram uma final brasileira. O clube carioca venceu o atual campeão do torneio por 83 a 74 e conquistou o título inédito para o clube e de forma invicta, com o apoio de 8.701 torcedores.
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The League of the Americas in 2014 is the seventh edition of the competition , which involves teams of almost the entire American continent . In the previous edition 12 teams participated . For this year , FIBA decided to return the number of vacancies of 16 participating teams .
The headquarters of this event in the first phase were : Neiva in Colombia ( Group A) , Montevideo in Uruguay ( Group B ) , Xalapa in Mexico ( Group C ) and Quito in Ecuador ( Group D ) . In the second phase , the seats were Xalapa ( Group E) and Montevideo ( Group F ) .
The final tournament was held in the semifinal format decision Third and final , played in every game único.No March 11 , FIBA announced the city of Rio de Janeiro as the host . The venue for the games was the Maracanãzinho , with capacity for 11,800 spectators . It was the first time Brazil hosted the finals of the League of the Americas . The Rio was introduced by Flamengo on Monday, March 10 , and competed with the nominations of Xalapa and Montevideo . To fund the project , the Brazilian club managed two sponsorships totaling about 600 thousand dollars , to defray the displacement of the three opposing delegations , five daily feeding boards and arbitrators . As principal , had the recipe from the box office on both days. Flemish and Pines won the semifinals and made a final Brazilian . The Carioca club won the current tournament champion by 83-74 and won the exclusive title for the club and unbeaten , with the support of 8,701 fans .
______________________________
La Liga de las Américas en el año 2014 es la séptima edición del concurso , que consiste en equipos de casi todo el continente americano. En la edición anterior participaron 12 equipos . Para este año , la FIBA decidió devolver el número de vacantes de 16 equipos participantes.
La sede de este evento en la primera fase fueron: Neiva en Colombia (Grupo A) , Montevideo en Uruguay (Grupo B) , de Xalapa en México (Grupo C) y Quito, en Ecuador (Grupo D). En la segunda fase , los asientos eran Xalapa (Grupo E) y Montevideo (Grupo F).
La fase final se celebró en la decisión formato de semifinales Tercero y último , jugado en todos los partidos único.No 11 de marzo de FIBA anunció que la ciudad de Río de Janeiro como sede . La sede de los juegos fue el Maracanãzinho , con capacidad para 11.800 espectadores. Era la primera vez que Brasil fue sede de la final de la Liga de las Américas . El Río fue presentado por el Flamengo el lunes 10 de marzo, y compitió con las nominaciones de Xalapa y Montevideo . Para financiar el proyecto, el equipo brasileño logró dos patrocinios por un total de alrededor de 600 mil dólares , para sufragar el desplazamiento de las tres delegaciones que se oponen , cinco tableros de alimentación diaria y árbitros . Como director, tenía la receta de la taquilla en los dos días . Flamenca y Pines ganaron las semifinales e hizo una final brasileña. El club carioca ganó el campeón del torneo actual por 83-74 y ganó el título exclusivo para el club y el invicto , con el apoyo de 8.701 fans.
This ICC YAF Conference featured a debate on the advantages and considerations of seating arbitrations in Latin America and North America. This event took place on 6 November 2017 and kicked off the annual ICC Miami Conference.
A Liga das Américas 2014 é a sétima edição da competição, que envolve equipes de quase todo o continente americano. Na edição anterior participaram 12 equipes. Para este ano, a FIBA decidiu voltar ao número de vagas de 16 equipes participantes.
As sedes desse evento na primeira fase foram: Neiva na Colômbia (Grupo A), Montevidéu no Uruguai (Grupo B), Xalapa no México (Grupo C) e Quito no Equador (Grupo D). Na segunda fase, as sedes foram Xalapa (Grupo E) e Montevidéu (Grupo F).
A fase final do torneio foi realizada no formato de semifinal, decisão de terceiro lugar e final, todos disputados em jogo único.No dia 11 de março, a FIBA anunciou a cidade do Rio de Janeiro como sede. O local escolhido para os jogos foi o Ginásio do Maracanãzinho, com capacidade para 11.800 torcedores. Foi a primeira vez que o Brasil sediou a fase final da Liga das Américas. A candidatura do Rio foi apresentada pelo Flamengo na segunda, dia 10 de março, e concorreu com as candidaturas de Xalapa e de Montevidéu. Para viabilizar o projeto, o clube brasileiro conseguiu dois patrocínios, totalizando cerca de 600 mil reais, para custear o deslocamento das três delegações adversárias, cinco diárias, alimentação, diretorias e árbitros. Como mandante, teve a receita da bilheteria nos dois dias. Flamengo e Pinheiros venceram as semifinais e fizeram uma final brasileira. O clube carioca venceu o atual campeão do torneio por 83 a 74 e conquistou o título inédito para o clube e de forma invicta, com o apoio de 8.701 torcedores.
--------------------------
The League of the Americas in 2014 is the seventh edition of the competition , which involves teams of almost the entire American continent . In the previous edition 12 teams participated . For this year , FIBA decided to return the number of vacancies of 16 participating teams .
The headquarters of this event in the first phase were : Neiva in Colombia ( Group A) , Montevideo in Uruguay ( Group B ) , Xalapa in Mexico ( Group C ) and Quito in Ecuador ( Group D ) . In the second phase , the seats were Xalapa ( Group E) and Montevideo ( Group F ) .
The final tournament was held in the semifinal format decision Third and final , played in every game único.No March 11 , FIBA announced the city of Rio de Janeiro as the host . The venue for the games was the Maracanãzinho , with capacity for 11,800 spectators . It was the first time Brazil hosted the finals of the League of the Americas . The Rio was introduced by Flamengo on Monday, March 10 , and competed with the nominations of Xalapa and Montevideo . To fund the project , the Brazilian club managed two sponsorships totaling about 600 thousand dollars , to defray the displacement of the three opposing delegations , five daily feeding boards and arbitrators . As principal , had the recipe from the box office on both days. Flemish and Pines won the semifinals and made a final Brazilian . The Carioca club won the current tournament champion by 83-74 and won the exclusive title for the club and unbeaten , with the support of 8,701 fans .
______________________________
La Liga de las Américas en el año 2014 es la séptima edición del concurso , que consiste en equipos de casi todo el continente americano. En la edición anterior participaron 12 equipos . Para este año , la FIBA decidió devolver el número de vacantes de 16 equipos participantes.
La sede de este evento en la primera fase fueron: Neiva en Colombia (Grupo A) , Montevideo en Uruguay (Grupo B) , de Xalapa en México (Grupo C) y Quito, en Ecuador (Grupo D). En la segunda fase , los asientos eran Xalapa (Grupo E) y Montevideo (Grupo F).
La fase final se celebró en la decisión formato de semifinales Tercero y último , jugado en todos los partidos único.No 11 de marzo de FIBA anunció que la ciudad de Río de Janeiro como sede . La sede de los juegos fue el Maracanãzinho , con capacidad para 11.800 espectadores. Era la primera vez que Brasil fue sede de la final de la Liga de las Américas . El Río fue presentado por el Flamengo el lunes 10 de marzo, y compitió con las nominaciones de Xalapa y Montevideo . Para financiar el proyecto, el equipo brasileño logró dos patrocinios por un total de alrededor de 600 mil dólares , para sufragar el desplazamiento de las tres delegaciones que se oponen , cinco tableros de alimentación diaria y árbitros . Como director, tenía la receta de la taquilla en los dos días . Flamenca y Pines ganaron las semifinales e hizo una final brasileña. El club carioca ganó el campeón del torneo actual por 83-74 y ganó el título exclusivo para el club y el invicto , con el apoyo de 8.701 fans.
A Liga das Américas 2014 é a sétima edição da competição, que envolve equipes de quase todo o continente americano. Na edição anterior participaram 12 equipes. Para este ano, a FIBA decidiu voltar ao número de vagas de 16 equipes participantes.
As sedes desse evento na primeira fase foram: Neiva na Colômbia (Grupo A), Montevidéu no Uruguai (Grupo B), Xalapa no México (Grupo C) e Quito no Equador (Grupo D). Na segunda fase, as sedes foram Xalapa (Grupo E) e Montevidéu (Grupo F).
A fase final do torneio foi realizada no formato de semifinal, decisão de terceiro lugar e final, todos disputados em jogo único.No dia 11 de março, a FIBA anunciou a cidade do Rio de Janeiro como sede. O local escolhido para os jogos foi o Ginásio do Maracanãzinho, com capacidade para 11.800 torcedores. Foi a primeira vez que o Brasil sediou a fase final da Liga das Américas. A candidatura do Rio foi apresentada pelo Flamengo na segunda, dia 10 de março, e concorreu com as candidaturas de Xalapa e de Montevidéu. Para viabilizar o projeto, o clube brasileiro conseguiu dois patrocínios, totalizando cerca de 600 mil reais, para custear o deslocamento das três delegações adversárias, cinco diárias, alimentação, diretorias e árbitros. Como mandante, teve a receita da bilheteria nos dois dias. Flamengo e Pinheiros venceram as semifinais e fizeram uma final brasileira. O clube carioca venceu o atual campeão do torneio por 83 a 74 e conquistou o título inédito para o clube e de forma invicta, com o apoio de 8.701 torcedores.
--------------------------
The League of the Americas in 2014 is the seventh edition of the competition , which involves teams of almost the entire American continent . In the previous edition 12 teams participated . For this year , FIBA decided to return the number of vacancies of 16 participating teams .
The headquarters of this event in the first phase were : Neiva in Colombia ( Group A) , Montevideo in Uruguay ( Group B ) , Xalapa in Mexico ( Group C ) and Quito in Ecuador ( Group D ) . In the second phase , the seats were Xalapa ( Group E) and Montevideo ( Group F ) .
The final tournament was held in the semifinal format decision Third and final , played in every game único.No March 11 , FIBA announced the city of Rio de Janeiro as the host . The venue for the games was the Maracanãzinho , with capacity for 11,800 spectators . It was the first time Brazil hosted the finals of the League of the Americas . The Rio was introduced by Flamengo on Monday, March 10 , and competed with the nominations of Xalapa and Montevideo . To fund the project , the Brazilian club managed two sponsorships totaling about 600 thousand dollars , to defray the displacement of the three opposing delegations , five daily feeding boards and arbitrators . As principal , had the recipe from the box office on both days. Flemish and Pines won the semifinals and made a final Brazilian . The Carioca club won the current tournament champion by 83-74 and won the exclusive title for the club and unbeaten , with the support of 8,701 fans .
______________________________
La Liga de las Américas en el año 2014 es la séptima edición del concurso , que consiste en equipos de casi todo el continente americano. En la edición anterior participaron 12 equipos . Para este año , la FIBA decidió devolver el número de vacantes de 16 equipos participantes.
La sede de este evento en la primera fase fueron: Neiva en Colombia (Grupo A) , Montevideo en Uruguay (Grupo B) , de Xalapa en México (Grupo C) y Quito, en Ecuador (Grupo D). En la segunda fase , los asientos eran Xalapa (Grupo E) y Montevideo (Grupo F).
La fase final se celebró en la decisión formato de semifinales Tercero y último , jugado en todos los partidos único.No 11 de marzo de FIBA anunció que la ciudad de Río de Janeiro como sede . La sede de los juegos fue el Maracanãzinho , con capacidad para 11.800 espectadores. Era la primera vez que Brasil fue sede de la final de la Liga de las Américas . El Río fue presentado por el Flamengo el lunes 10 de marzo, y compitió con las nominaciones de Xalapa y Montevideo . Para financiar el proyecto, el equipo brasileño logró dos patrocinios por un total de alrededor de 600 mil dólares , para sufragar el desplazamiento de las tres delegaciones que se oponen , cinco tableros de alimentación diaria y árbitros . Como director, tenía la receta de la taquilla en los dos días . Flamenca y Pines ganaron las semifinales e hizo una final brasileña. El club carioca ganó el campeón del torneo actual por 83-74 y ganó el título exclusivo para el club y el invicto , con el apoyo de 8.701 fans.
A Liga das Américas 2014 é a sétima edição da competição, que envolve equipes de quase todo o continente americano. Na edição anterior participaram 12 equipes. Para este ano, a FIBA decidiu voltar ao número de vagas de 16 equipes participantes.
As sedes desse evento na primeira fase foram: Neiva na Colômbia (Grupo A), Montevidéu no Uruguai (Grupo B), Xalapa no México (Grupo C) e Quito no Equador (Grupo D). Na segunda fase, as sedes foram Xalapa (Grupo E) e Montevidéu (Grupo F).
A fase final do torneio foi realizada no formato de semifinal, decisão de terceiro lugar e final, todos disputados em jogo único.No dia 11 de março, a FIBA anunciou a cidade do Rio de Janeiro como sede. O local escolhido para os jogos foi o Ginásio do Maracanãzinho, com capacidade para 11.800 torcedores. Foi a primeira vez que o Brasil sediou a fase final da Liga das Américas. A candidatura do Rio foi apresentada pelo Flamengo na segunda, dia 10 de março, e concorreu com as candidaturas de Xalapa e de Montevidéu. Para viabilizar o projeto, o clube brasileiro conseguiu dois patrocínios, totalizando cerca de 600 mil reais, para custear o deslocamento das três delegações adversárias, cinco diárias, alimentação, diretorias e árbitros. Como mandante, teve a receita da bilheteria nos dois dias. Flamengo e Pinheiros venceram as semifinais e fizeram uma final brasileira. O clube carioca venceu o atual campeão do torneio por 83 a 74 e conquistou o título inédito para o clube e de forma invicta, com o apoio de 8.701 torcedores.
--------------------------
The League of the Americas in 2014 is the seventh edition of the competition , which involves teams of almost the entire American continent . In the previous edition 12 teams participated . For this year , FIBA decided to return the number of vacancies of 16 participating teams .
The headquarters of this event in the first phase were : Neiva in Colombia ( Group A) , Montevideo in Uruguay ( Group B ) , Xalapa in Mexico ( Group C ) and Quito in Ecuador ( Group D ) . In the second phase , the seats were Xalapa ( Group E) and Montevideo ( Group F ) .
The final tournament was held in the semifinal format decision Third and final , played in every game único.No March 11 , FIBA announced the city of Rio de Janeiro as the host . The venue for the games was the Maracanãzinho , with capacity for 11,800 spectators . It was the first time Brazil hosted the finals of the League of the Americas . The Rio was introduced by Flamengo on Monday, March 10 , and competed with the nominations of Xalapa and Montevideo . To fund the project , the Brazilian club managed two sponsorships totaling about 600 thousand dollars , to defray the displacement of the three opposing delegations , five daily feeding boards and arbitrators . As principal , had the recipe from the box office on both days. Flemish and Pines won the semifinals and made a final Brazilian . The Carioca club won the current tournament champion by 83-74 and won the exclusive title for the club and unbeaten , with the support of 8,701 fans .
______________________________
La Liga de las Américas en el año 2014 es la séptima edición del concurso , que consiste en equipos de casi todo el continente americano. En la edición anterior participaron 12 equipos . Para este año , la FIBA decidió devolver el número de vacantes de 16 equipos participantes.
La sede de este evento en la primera fase fueron: Neiva en Colombia (Grupo A) , Montevideo en Uruguay (Grupo B) , de Xalapa en México (Grupo C) y Quito, en Ecuador (Grupo D). En la segunda fase , los asientos eran Xalapa (Grupo E) y Montevideo (Grupo F).
La fase final se celebró en la decisión formato de semifinales Tercero y último , jugado en todos los partidos único.No 11 de marzo de FIBA anunció que la ciudad de Río de Janeiro como sede . La sede de los juegos fue el Maracanãzinho , con capacidad para 11.800 espectadores. Era la primera vez que Brasil fue sede de la final de la Liga de las Américas . El Río fue presentado por el Flamengo el lunes 10 de marzo, y compitió con las nominaciones de Xalapa y Montevideo . Para financiar el proyecto, el equipo brasileño logró dos patrocinios por un total de alrededor de 600 mil dólares , para sufragar el desplazamiento de las tres delegaciones que se oponen , cinco tableros de alimentación diaria y árbitros . Como director, tenía la receta de la taquilla en los dos días . Flamenca y Pines ganaron las semifinales e hizo una final brasileña. El club carioca ganó el campeón del torneo actual por 83-74 y ganó el título exclusivo para el club y el invicto , con el apoyo de 8.701 fans.
A Liga das Américas 2014 é a sétima edição da competição, que envolve equipes de quase todo o continente americano. Na edição anterior participaram 12 equipes. Para este ano, a FIBA decidiu voltar ao número de vagas de 16 equipes participantes.
As sedes desse evento na primeira fase foram: Neiva na Colômbia (Grupo A), Montevidéu no Uruguai (Grupo B), Xalapa no México (Grupo C) e Quito no Equador (Grupo D). Na segunda fase, as sedes foram Xalapa (Grupo E) e Montevidéu (Grupo F).
A fase final do torneio foi realizada no formato de semifinal, decisão de terceiro lugar e final, todos disputados em jogo único.No dia 11 de março, a FIBA anunciou a cidade do Rio de Janeiro como sede. O local escolhido para os jogos foi o Ginásio do Maracanãzinho, com capacidade para 11.800 torcedores. Foi a primeira vez que o Brasil sediou a fase final da Liga das Américas. A candidatura do Rio foi apresentada pelo Flamengo na segunda, dia 10 de março, e concorreu com as candidaturas de Xalapa e de Montevidéu. Para viabilizar o projeto, o clube brasileiro conseguiu dois patrocínios, totalizando cerca de 600 mil reais, para custear o deslocamento das três delegações adversárias, cinco diárias, alimentação, diretorias e árbitros. Como mandante, teve a receita da bilheteria nos dois dias. Flamengo e Pinheiros venceram as semifinais e fizeram uma final brasileira. O clube carioca venceu o atual campeão do torneio por 83 a 74 e conquistou o título inédito para o clube e de forma invicta, com o apoio de 8.701 torcedores.
--------------------------
The League of the Americas in 2014 is the seventh edition of the competition , which involves teams of almost the entire American continent . In the previous edition 12 teams participated . For this year , FIBA decided to return the number of vacancies of 16 participating teams .
The headquarters of this event in the first phase were : Neiva in Colombia ( Group A) , Montevideo in Uruguay ( Group B ) , Xalapa in Mexico ( Group C ) and Quito in Ecuador ( Group D ) . In the second phase , the seats were Xalapa ( Group E) and Montevideo ( Group F ) .
The final tournament was held in the semifinal format decision Third and final , played in every game único.No March 11 , FIBA announced the city of Rio de Janeiro as the host . The venue for the games was the Maracanãzinho , with capacity for 11,800 spectators . It was the first time Brazil hosted the finals of the League of the Americas . The Rio was introduced by Flamengo on Monday, March 10 , and competed with the nominations of Xalapa and Montevideo . To fund the project , the Brazilian club managed two sponsorships totaling about 600 thousand dollars , to defray the displacement of the three opposing delegations , five daily feeding boards and arbitrators . As principal , had the recipe from the box office on both days. Flemish and Pines won the semifinals and made a final Brazilian . The Carioca club won the current tournament champion by 83-74 and won the exclusive title for the club and unbeaten , with the support of 8,701 fans .
______________________________
La Liga de las Américas en el año 2014 es la séptima edición del concurso , que consiste en equipos de casi todo el continente americano. En la edición anterior participaron 12 equipos . Para este año , la FIBA decidió devolver el número de vacantes de 16 equipos participantes.
La sede de este evento en la primera fase fueron: Neiva en Colombia (Grupo A) , Montevideo en Uruguay (Grupo B) , de Xalapa en México (Grupo C) y Quito, en Ecuador (Grupo D). En la segunda fase , los asientos eran Xalapa (Grupo E) y Montevideo (Grupo F).
La fase final se celebró en la decisión formato de semifinales Tercero y último , jugado en todos los partidos único.No 11 de marzo de FIBA anunció que la ciudad de Río de Janeiro como sede . La sede de los juegos fue el Maracanãzinho , con capacidad para 11.800 espectadores. Era la primera vez que Brasil fue sede de la final de la Liga de las Américas . El Río fue presentado por el Flamengo el lunes 10 de marzo, y compitió con las nominaciones de Xalapa y Montevideo . Para financiar el proyecto, el equipo brasileño logró dos patrocinios por un total de alrededor de 600 mil dólares , para sufragar el desplazamiento de las tres delegaciones que se oponen , cinco tableros de alimentación diaria y árbitros . Como director, tenía la receta de la taquilla en los dos días . Flamenca y Pines ganaron las semifinales e hizo una final brasileña. El club carioca ganó el campeón del torneo actual por 83-74 y ganó el título exclusivo para el club y el invicto , con el apoyo de 8.701 fans.
Van Gogh arrived on 21 February, 1888, at the railroad station in Arles, crossed Place Lamartine, entered the city through the Porte de la Cavalerie, and took quarters a few steps further, at the Hôtel-Restaurant Carrel, 30 Rue Cavalerie. He had ideas of founding a Utopian art colony. His companion for two months was the Danish artist, Christian Mourier-Petersen. In March, he painted local landscapes, using a gridded "perspective frame." Three of his pictures were shown at the annual exhibition of the Société des Artistes Indépendants. In April he was visited by the American painter, Dodge MacKnight, who was resident in Fontvieille nearby.
On May 1, he signed a lease for 15 francs a month to rent the four rooms in the right hand side of the "Yellow House" (so called because its outside walls were yellow) at No. 2 Place Lamartine. The house was unfurnished and had been uninhabited for some time so he was not able to move in straight away. He had been staying at the Hôtel Restaurant Carrel in the Rue de la Cavalerie, just inside the medieval gate to the city, with the old Roman Arena in view. The rate charged by the hotel was 5 francs a week, which Van Gogh regarded as excessive. He disputed the price, and took the case to the local arbitrator who awarded him a twelve franc reduction on his total bill (the weekly rate being reduced from five francs to four). On May 7 he moved out of the Hôtel Carrel, and moved into the Café de la Gare.[54] He became friends with the proprietors, Joseph and Marie Ginoux. Although the Yellow House had to be furnished before he could fully move in, Van Gogh was able to use it as a studio.[55] His major project at this time was a series of paintings intended to form the décoration for the Yellow House.
My first direct encounter with the paintings of Vincent Van Gogh was at Rijksmusem Kroller Muller, Otterlo in the Netherlands and then in Amsterdam. I think seeing a large group of his work was in a way far more powerful than isolated or well known individual examples. During the 1980's when I painted in America often working directly from landscape, I became very influenced by his graphic style and his bright palette. I doubt any painter could see the world in the same way after an encounter with Van Gogh's art. Many of my drawings were directely influenced by Van Gogh’s Reed Pen drawings, and if I had to choose from Van gogh's output, it would be his drawings from 1888 that I find most exciting.
images.google.co.uk/images?hl=en&q=Van+Gogh+Hospital+...
The camera and the artist (set) about the relationship between photographic images and those painted. I hope to use examples from my own practice where photography has been used in both photo-realistic work as well as illustration and other art-forms.
I have used a number of artists whose work I have studied and look at the way photography informed and influenced their visual expression.
As I have scanned a lot of my old work I'm well aware that photography has played and still plays a significant role for me as an artist, indeed in recent years these two practices have overlapped and are no longer distinct paths.
A Liga das Américas 2014 é a sétima edição da competição, que envolve equipes de quase todo o continente americano. Na edição anterior participaram 12 equipes. Para este ano, a FIBA decidiu voltar ao número de vagas de 16 equipes participantes.
As sedes desse evento na primeira fase foram: Neiva na Colômbia (Grupo A), Montevidéu no Uruguai (Grupo B), Xalapa no México (Grupo C) e Quito no Equador (Grupo D). Na segunda fase, as sedes foram Xalapa (Grupo E) e Montevidéu (Grupo F).
A fase final do torneio foi realizada no formato de semifinal, decisão de terceiro lugar e final, todos disputados em jogo único.No dia 11 de março, a FIBA anunciou a cidade do Rio de Janeiro como sede. O local escolhido para os jogos foi o Ginásio do Maracanãzinho, com capacidade para 11.800 torcedores. Foi a primeira vez que o Brasil sediou a fase final da Liga das Américas. A candidatura do Rio foi apresentada pelo Flamengo na segunda, dia 10 de março, e concorreu com as candidaturas de Xalapa e de Montevidéu. Para viabilizar o projeto, o clube brasileiro conseguiu dois patrocínios, totalizando cerca de 600 mil reais, para custear o deslocamento das três delegações adversárias, cinco diárias, alimentação, diretorias e árbitros. Como mandante, teve a receita da bilheteria nos dois dias. Flamengo e Pinheiros venceram as semifinais e fizeram uma final brasileira. O clube carioca venceu o atual campeão do torneio por 83 a 74 e conquistou o título inédito para o clube e de forma invicta, com o apoio de 8.701 torcedores.
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The League of the Americas in 2014 is the seventh edition of the competition , which involves teams of almost the entire American continent . In the previous edition 12 teams participated . For this year , FIBA decided to return the number of vacancies of 16 participating teams .
The headquarters of this event in the first phase were : Neiva in Colombia ( Group A) , Montevideo in Uruguay ( Group B ) , Xalapa in Mexico ( Group C ) and Quito in Ecuador ( Group D ) . In the second phase , the seats were Xalapa ( Group E) and Montevideo ( Group F ) .
The final tournament was held in the semifinal format decision Third and final , played in every game único.No March 11 , FIBA announced the city of Rio de Janeiro as the host . The venue for the games was the Maracanãzinho , with capacity for 11,800 spectators . It was the first time Brazil hosted the finals of the League of the Americas . The Rio was introduced by Flamengo on Monday, March 10 , and competed with the nominations of Xalapa and Montevideo . To fund the project , the Brazilian club managed two sponsorships totaling about 600 thousand dollars , to defray the displacement of the three opposing delegations , five daily feeding boards and arbitrators . As principal , had the recipe from the box office on both days. Flemish and Pines won the semifinals and made a final Brazilian . The Carioca club won the current tournament champion by 83-74 and won the exclusive title for the club and unbeaten , with the support of 8,701 fans .
______________________________
La Liga de las Américas en el año 2014 es la séptima edición del concurso , que consiste en equipos de casi todo el continente americano. En la edición anterior participaron 12 equipos . Para este año , la FIBA decidió devolver el número de vacantes de 16 equipos participantes.
La sede de este evento en la primera fase fueron: Neiva en Colombia (Grupo A) , Montevideo en Uruguay (Grupo B) , de Xalapa en México (Grupo C) y Quito, en Ecuador (Grupo D). En la segunda fase , los asientos eran Xalapa (Grupo E) y Montevideo (Grupo F).
La fase final se celebró en la decisión formato de semifinales Tercero y último , jugado en todos los partidos único.No 11 de marzo de FIBA anunció que la ciudad de Río de Janeiro como sede . La sede de los juegos fue el Maracanãzinho , con capacidad para 11.800 espectadores. Era la primera vez que Brasil fue sede de la final de la Liga de las Américas . El Río fue presentado por el Flamengo el lunes 10 de marzo, y compitió con las nominaciones de Xalapa y Montevideo . Para financiar el proyecto, el equipo brasileño logró dos patrocinios por un total de alrededor de 600 mil dólares , para sufragar el desplazamiento de las tres delegaciones que se oponen , cinco tableros de alimentación diaria y árbitros . Como director, tenía la receta de la taquilla en los dos días . Flamenca y Pines ganaron las semifinales e hizo una final brasileña. El club carioca ganó el campeón del torneo actual por 83-74 y ganó el título exclusivo para el club y el invicto , con el apoyo de 8.701 fans.
Church of St. John the Baptist Keyston, Huntingdonshire - Cambridgeshire, consists of a chancel, nave, north & south transepts, north & south aisles, tower and south porch. built of coursed rubble with stone dressings. www.flickr.com/gp/52219527@N00/52iNZ0
The church is not mentioned in the 1086 Domesday survey and the earliest existing parts are the c1250 nave and aisles ; The chancel was built c1280, and the tower and porch added c1300.
Beginning c1480, considerable reconstruction took place: the east wall of the chancel was rebuilt, the walls heightened and new east window inserted , the clerestory windows were added to the nave, the south transept was built, and new windows inserted into the south aisle walls. The roofs of the nave, transepts and aisles were renewed when these parts were y reconstructed towards the end of the 15c but those of the south aisle and porch were renewed in the 17c.
There are 5 bells in the tower inscribed: "Feare the Lorde 1592"; "William Marks churchwarden: . I: Eayre fecit. 1743 gloria Deo soli: . Francis [?] Clitherow Esquire": "Remember the ende 1592"; "Give God the praise 1592": "Thomas Rvssell of Wootton near X Bedford made me in 1733 Thomas Simonts churchwarden" (In 1552 there were 4 bells and a sanctus bell.
On the west wall of the north transept is a reset early 16c gravestone with indents of lost brasses a man and wife, with blank inscription plate below; the top of the stone has been cut to the shape of a two-centred arch, and on either side of the figures an ornamental cross, the letter 'D' and a monogram (possibly 'N A') have been deeply engraved. www.flickr.com/gp/52219527@N00/6KJ488
Originally part of a bigger tomb, now lying on a bier in front of the chancel altar, is a late 15c / early 16c rare carved oak cadaver possibly of a priest showing good anatomical knowledge by the sculptor. www.flickr.com/gp/52219527@N00/d908y8
The tithes in Keyston seem to have been of considerable value, in c1620, when Sir James Wingfield proposed the inclosure of over 1,700 acres of land, the rector John Scott, 'perceiving the great inconvenience which was to arise to the church,' resisted the proposal and refused to receive tithes in kind out of the inclosure, declaring that the rectory was thereby disinherited almost to the value of one-half yearly. Upon this complaint, 'to prevent the disherison of the said church and to make the said parsonage of as good, or neere as good, value as it was before,' Sir James and his tenants agreed that arbitrators 'of qualitie and conscience' should be chosen by common consent 'for establishing such a yearly rate upon the new inclosed grounds as they in their consciences and discretions should think to be equall ratably and respectively for the proportion of the said lands.' Sir Robert Payne and Sir Lewis Pemberton, the chosen arbitrators, decided that the inclosure should pay 1s. 8d. an acre yearly to the rector and his successors in lieu of tithes. Notwithstanding their agreement, Edward Bate and Thomas Hilles, 'two substantiall tenants' and owners respectively of 120 and 850 acres of the inclosure, neglected to pay their share. The rector brought an action against them in chancery; whereupon Edward Bate declared that the rate was exorbitant, and begged 'not to be compelled to pay as sett down by the referees'; while Thomas Hilles pleaded that, having learned that 'Dame Mary,' probably the widow of Sir Edward Wingfield, 'was not willing to encumber the inheritance with this perpetual rent charge,' he did not absolutely agree to it, but 'did pay at times to stay suits until there might be some friendly agreement.'
A Liga das Américas 2014 é a sétima edição da competição, que envolve equipes de quase todo o continente americano. Na edição anterior participaram 12 equipes. Para este ano, a FIBA decidiu voltar ao número de vagas de 16 equipes participantes.
As sedes desse evento na primeira fase foram: Neiva na Colômbia (Grupo A), Montevidéu no Uruguai (Grupo B), Xalapa no México (Grupo C) e Quito no Equador (Grupo D). Na segunda fase, as sedes foram Xalapa (Grupo E) e Montevidéu (Grupo F).
A fase final do torneio foi realizada no formato de semifinal, decisão de terceiro lugar e final, todos disputados em jogo único.No dia 11 de março, a FIBA anunciou a cidade do Rio de Janeiro como sede. O local escolhido para os jogos foi o Ginásio do Maracanãzinho, com capacidade para 11.800 torcedores. Foi a primeira vez que o Brasil sediou a fase final da Liga das Américas. A candidatura do Rio foi apresentada pelo Flamengo na segunda, dia 10 de março, e concorreu com as candidaturas de Xalapa e de Montevidéu. Para viabilizar o projeto, o clube brasileiro conseguiu dois patrocínios, totalizando cerca de 600 mil reais, para custear o deslocamento das três delegações adversárias, cinco diárias, alimentação, diretorias e árbitros. Como mandante, teve a receita da bilheteria nos dois dias. Flamengo e Pinheiros venceram as semifinais e fizeram uma final brasileira. O clube carioca venceu o atual campeão do torneio por 83 a 74 e conquistou o título inédito para o clube e de forma invicta, com o apoio de 8.701 torcedores.
--------------------------
The League of the Americas in 2014 is the seventh edition of the competition , which involves teams of almost the entire American continent . In the previous edition 12 teams participated . For this year , FIBA decided to return the number of vacancies of 16 participating teams .
The headquarters of this event in the first phase were : Neiva in Colombia ( Group A) , Montevideo in Uruguay ( Group B ) , Xalapa in Mexico ( Group C ) and Quito in Ecuador ( Group D ) . In the second phase , the seats were Xalapa ( Group E) and Montevideo ( Group F ) .
The final tournament was held in the semifinal format decision Third and final , played in every game único.No March 11 , FIBA announced the city of Rio de Janeiro as the host . The venue for the games was the Maracanãzinho , with capacity for 11,800 spectators . It was the first time Brazil hosted the finals of the League of the Americas . The Rio was introduced by Flamengo on Monday, March 10 , and competed with the nominations of Xalapa and Montevideo . To fund the project , the Brazilian club managed two sponsorships totaling about 600 thousand dollars , to defray the displacement of the three opposing delegations , five daily feeding boards and arbitrators . As principal , had the recipe from the box office on both days. Flemish and Pines won the semifinals and made a final Brazilian . The Carioca club won the current tournament champion by 83-74 and won the exclusive title for the club and unbeaten , with the support of 8,701 fans .
______________________________
La Liga de las Américas en el año 2014 es la séptima edición del concurso , que consiste en equipos de casi todo el continente americano. En la edición anterior participaron 12 equipos . Para este año , la FIBA decidió devolver el número de vacantes de 16 equipos participantes.
La sede de este evento en la primera fase fueron: Neiva en Colombia (Grupo A) , Montevideo en Uruguay (Grupo B) , de Xalapa en México (Grupo C) y Quito, en Ecuador (Grupo D). En la segunda fase , los asientos eran Xalapa (Grupo E) y Montevideo (Grupo F).
La fase final se celebró en la decisión formato de semifinales Tercero y último , jugado en todos los partidos único.No 11 de marzo de FIBA anunció que la ciudad de Río de Janeiro como sede . La sede de los juegos fue el Maracanãzinho , con capacidad para 11.800 espectadores. Era la primera vez que Brasil fue sede de la final de la Liga de las Américas . El Río fue presentado por el Flamengo el lunes 10 de marzo, y compitió con las nominaciones de Xalapa y Montevideo . Para financiar el proyecto, el equipo brasileño logró dos patrocinios por un total de alrededor de 600 mil dólares , para sufragar el desplazamiento de las tres delegaciones que se oponen , cinco tableros de alimentación diaria y árbitros . Como director, tenía la receta de la taquilla en los dos días . Flamenca y Pines ganaron las semifinales e hizo una final brasileña. El club carioca ganó el campeón del torneo actual por 83-74 y ganó el título exclusivo para el club y el invicto , con el apoyo de 8.701 fans.
The lion's share is an idiomatic expression which refers to the larger part—or most—of something. The phrase derives from the plot of a number of fables ascribed to Aesop and is now used as their generic title, although they exist in several different versions. Other fables featuring the same basic situation of an animal dividing up a prey in such a way that it gains the greater part, or even all, exist in the East.
The early Latin version of Phaedrus begins with the reflection that "Partnership with the mighty is never trustworthy". It then relates how a cow, a goat and a sheep go hunting together with a lion. When it comes to dividing the spoil, the lion says, "I take the first portion because of my title, since I am addressed as king; the second portion you will assign to me, since I’m your partner; then because I am the stronger, the third will follow me; and an accident will happen to anyone who touches the fourth".
In the Greek version of Babrius it is a wild donkey and a lion who go hunting. The lion divides their take into three, awarding himself the first because he is king of the beasts, the second because they are 'equal' partners, and suggesting that the ass runs away quickly before daring to touch the third. The moral Babrius draws is, "Measure yourself! Do not engage in any business or partnership with a man more powerful!" These related variants are numbered 339 in the Perry Index.
Another version that first appears in the Middle Ages is more cynical still. A fox joins the lion and donkey in hunting. When the donkey divides their catch into three equal portions, the angry lion kills the donkey and eats him. The fox then puts everything into one pile, leaving just a tiny bit for herself, and tells the lion to choose. When the lion asks her how she learned to share things this way, the fox replies, "From the donkey’s misfortune." This variation is given a separate number (149) in the Perry Index and is the one followed by such Renaissance writers as Gabriele Faerno, Hieronymus Osius and Geoffrey Whitney.
That the number of variations circulating at the time was found puzzling by Mediaeval authors is suggested by the fact that Marie de France includes two versions in her 12th century Ysopet. Both appear under the title "The Lion Goes Hunting" (De Leone Venante). On one occasion, she recounts, the lion is joined by officers of his court, a wild ox and a wolf, who divide the catch into three and invite their lord to apportion it. Then on another occasion, when the lion is accompanied by a goat and a sheep, the deer they take is divided into four. In both cases the lion begins by claiming portions as a legal right and retains the others with threats. In La Fontaine's Fables there is a fourfold division between a heifer, a goat and a sheep (Fables I.6). These the lion retains by right of kingship, because he is the strongest, the bravest, and will kill any who touches the fourth part.
A Latin reference to Aesop's fable is found at the start of the Common Era, where the phrase societas leonina (a leonine company) was used by one Roman lawyer to describe the kind of unequal business partnership described by Aesop.[9] The early 19th century writer Jefferys Taylor also retold the fable in terms of a commercial enterprise in his poem "The Beasts in Partnership":
This firm once existed, I'd have you to know,
Messrs Lion, Wolf, Tiger, Fox, Leopard & Co;
These in business were join'd, and of course 'twas implied,
They their stocks should unite, and the profits divide.
The alternative version of the fable is given a different reading by the 13th century Persian poet, Rumi in his Masnavi. He begins by orienting the reader to interpret the fable in a spiritual sense:
"Melt away your existence, as copper in the elixir, in the being of Him who fosters existence.
You have fastened both your hands tight on 'I' and 'we': all this ruin is caused by dualism."
In Rumi's telling, the lion has a wolf and a fox as hunting companions. The lion orders the wolf to divide the catch and when it does so into three parts, tears off the wolf’s head, just as the lion tore the donkey to pieces in Aesop’s fable. Rumi's speciality, however, is always to offer an explanation of his actors' motives. In this case the lion explains that it is an act of grace for him to do so since the wolf did not recognise superiority when he saw it.
When the fox is tested in the same way, he does not even retain a morsel for himself, explaining (as in the Greek version) that he has learned wisdom from the wolf's fate and thanking the lion for giving him the privilege of going second. This allows Rumi to conclude that we are lucky to be living now, with the examples of past generations to guide us. Rumi’s fox then worships at the feet of the lion, addressing him with the words "O king of the world" and is duly rewarded for this devotion with everything that he had resigned to the divine king.
Much the same interpretation was given to this tale by Rumi's English contemporary, Odo of Cheriton, in the Latin work known as Parabolae. For him too the lion is a symbol of God and his actions are interpreted as an expression of divine justice. Odo explains that the lion punished the wolf, as God did Adam, for the sin of disobedience. The moral of the story is to learn from this example to show reverence to God, just as the fox learned from the wolf’s punishment. This reading of the fable therefore gained currency in Western Europe too, both via the preachers who used Odo's book as a source of stories for their sermons and through translations of it into French, Spanish and Welsh.
There is a close family resemblance between fables where the lion takes all because he can and fables where an arbitrator takes advantage of his powerful position, and indeed both are type 51 in the Aarne–Thompson classification system. The 10th century CE Arabic Encyclopedia of the Brethren of Purity tells one such arbitration fable, said there to be of Indian origin. Here a group of foxes are sharing a dead camel. They cannot decide how to divide it among themselves and persuade a passing wolf to make a just division. At first the wolf begins to do this, but on further consideration he decides to keep the rest for himself, as he is, after all, more powerful. (In this case, however, the foxes appeal to the lion who decides in their favour and kills the wolf and returns the camel to them.)
This fable shades into an Indian variant of the story, first told as the Dabbhapuppha Jataka, which features different animals but has at its centre the same situation of an animal making an unequal division. Here a jackal offers to arbitrate between two otters who are quarrelling over a fish they have co-operated in bringing to land. The jackal awards them the head and tail and runs off with the bulk of their catch. As well as being a condemnation of the greed that leads to strife, the tale takes a sceptical view of how the powerful frame the law to suit themselves, concluding with the satirical verse,
Just as, when strife arises among men,
They seek an arbiter: he's leader then;
Their wealth decays and the king's coffers gain.
In that the tale deals with outside arbitration, however, it has certain points in common with another of Aesop's fables, The Lion, the Bear and the Fox, in which the first two beasts simultaneously attack a kid and then fight over their spoil. When they are both too exhausted to move, a fox steals their prey and leaves them to reflect, "How much better it would have been to have shared in a friendly spirit." (Wikipedia)
George Apperson (left, center) is administered the oath of office for president of Local 689 by former president of Local 689 and current International Amalgamated Transit Union Vice President Walter Bierwagen (right, center) in January 1971.
Pictured from left to right are Harry M. Kelly, Joseph B. Gardinier, Marvin T. Clark, Apperson, J. Lynn Knight, Bierwagen, and Robert S. Delaney.
Apperson, beginning his third term at the time, gained a degree of fame in the labor movement when in 1970 while in the offices of Amalgamated Transit Union Local 689 at 100 Indiana Ave. NW he refused to take a check from D.C. Transit owner O. Roy Chalk who was seeking to pay the company’s back debt to the workers’ pension plan.
When Chalk came to the union office with a check made out for $777,789.70, Apperson refused to take it, telling Chalk that he needed to deposit it in the National Bank of Washington that administered the pension fund.
“I have hocked my shirt to get the money,” Chalk said angrily according to the Star.
“You’ve gotten rich and fat on our money over the past few years,” said Apperson who went on to remind Chalk that he had fallen millions of dollars behind in pension payments in the past.
Apperson scheduled a strike vote for April 12th and reminded Chalk that even with the check he held, he still owed $600,000 to the WV&M pension in Arlington. Chalk had purchased the company and assumed the debt.
Further it didn’t cover a $200,000 payment that was due the D.C. Transit fund for April 1970.
At the time Chalk was angling to operate the planned Metrorail system and his political stock would sink if the transit union struck over his finances.
City officials pressured Chalk to settle the issue and Apperson called off the strike after payments were made.
Apperson was president of the city transit union from 1964-1973, succeeding long time president Walter Bierwagen who took a full-time position at the ATU International union.
Among the challenges he faced was the loss in a 1968 arbitration of a clause guaranteeing retirees get the same percentage increase in their pension that active employees get in raises.
Apperson negotiated the return of the clause in the following agreement. The clause means that the union doesn’t have to negotiate separately for raises for retirees and ensures that retirees don’t have the same pension payment when they die as when they retired.
He also led the union on a quest for exact fare payment by passengers after the shooting death of operator James Earl Talley during an attempted robbery near Dupont Circle.
Apperson led the union members to refuse to work at night until exact fare was implemented. Operators working during the day voted to pay the night operators for lost wages. The issue was settled under pressure from city officials after more than a week when owner O. Roy Chalk agreed to institute a scrip system.
D.C. Transit became the first major transit system in the country to adopt exact fare and while the transition caused some loss in ridership, it was adopted in city after city nationwide.
Apperson was active politically, initially opposing public takeover of buses because of the attendant loss of collective bargaining rights. When that issue was resolved he became an enthusiastic supporter of the public takeover of the private bus companies serving the area as well as building the Metrorail system.
He was elected president of the Washington, D.C. Central Labor Council, the umbrella body for unions in the metropolitan area, in 1971, succeeding long-time labor council president J.C. Turner.
He presided over the union during the takeover of the four private bus companies by WMATA in 1973 and oversaw the merger of Locals 1131 and 1079 in Virginia into Local 689.
He attempted to organize the former WMA company Teamster-represented workers into Local 689 when Metro took over the Prince George’s garage on Southern Ave in Maryland, but was halted by the International union who had a no-raid agreement with the Teamsters Union.
The issue of who represented the WMATA-acquired Prince George’s Division then went to arbitration with Local 689 claiming recognition language in their contract and the Teamsters claiming successorship rights. WMATA’s overt attempt to force the garage into Local 689 offended the arbitrator who ruled in the Teamster’s favor.
Apperson initially integrated the officer ranks of the union when he put James Shipman on his ticket for the position of second vice president in 1967. However, he didn’t get much credit for his action because the union bylaws provided no duties for the position and it was regarded as tokenism by black workers who would soon become a majority of the membership.
Apperson was narrowly defeated 1398-1119in the December 1973.union elections by George Davis who campaigned in part on Apperson spending “too much time on Capitol Hill” and not enough on Local 689 business.
Apperson was a native of Arlington and operated streetcars and buses prior to his election as transit union president in 1964.
Bierwagen came to the fore within Local 689 during the two wildcat strikes in 1945. He was elected president in 1950 and re-elected seven times (two-year terms). He was known for gaining seniority rights for maintenance employees, gaining a pension plan, a meaningful health and welfare plan, and obtaining the eight-hour guarantee.
Under his tenure transit workers gained improvements in wages, vacation sick leave, spread penalty, holidays and other benifits.
He also settled the long-standing company and union opposition to integrating the operator ranks by reaching an agreement in 1954 to hire black operators first from the ranks of maintenance employees.
He led a nearly a nearly two-month strike in 1955 that forced out corporate raider Louis Wolfson as head of the Capitol Traction Company and established the principle in Washington that transit workers had worth and deserved decent wages and benefits even if the company cried broke.
He was politically connected and when he took a vice president position with the international union in 1964 it helped him draft language to the 1964 Mass Transportation Act that preverved collective bargaining rights for workers at private companies that were taken over by public entities.
He is also primarily responsible for language in the WMATA Compact that requires arbitration for “all labor disputes.”
For more information and related images, see flic.kr/s/aHsmLRWRyd
The photographer is unknown. The image is donated by Craig Simpson
amphora
Museum number1847,0806.26
DescriptionPottery: black-figured 'Tyrrhenian' amphora: Designs black on red ground; no accessories. (a) Combat of warriors over a fallen warrior: The prostrate man has helmet, cuirass, greaves, sword, and shield by his side; over him strides a fully-armed warrior with short bound-up chiton, parameridia (armour on thighs), and Boeotian shield, defending him with spear. On the left a warrior to right (helmet, short chiton, greaves, sword-belt, shield, and spear), is about to transfix another, with long hair, high-crested helmet, short chiton, greaves, shield, and sword, whom he has beaten down on his knees. On the right is a warrior fleeing to right and looking back, with helmet, short embroidered chiton, greaves, sword, and shield; next, a similar warrior moving to right, thrusting with spear at a warrior prostrate to right, of whom the legs and part of the body (in a short chiton) are alone visible. On the extreme right the head of another warrior is visible, with high-crested helmet.
(b) Athletic contests: On the left is a brabeus (arbitrator), bearded, in a himation; next to him, two wrestlers about to engage, the one on the left bearded; a bearded athlete to right with two leaping-poles, or spears for throwing, a similar athlete to right with halteres (weights used to aid momentum), leaping over eskammena (pegs fixed in the ground to mark the distance); a paidotribes (trainer) to left, bearded, in long chiton and himation, with staff, directing the movements of the last with right hand; a diskobolos (discus thrower) to right, bearded, with diskos in right hand, which he is about to throw. All the athletes are nude.
Below, three friezes of animals: (1) Two Sirens confronted, each having one wing advanced; between them a palmette- and lotus-pattern, of Corinthian type (cf. B 24-25) behind each Siren a panther; at the back, a group of two swans flanked by panthers; on the left a swan to right preening itself, on the right a goat to left. (2) Sphinx to right, with one wing advanced, flanked by a cock and panther on either side; at the back a panther and ram confronting a similar pair. (3) Goat to right, on either side a lion; at the back a panther to right, on either side a ram; before the panther, a rosette. www.britishmuseum.org/research/collection_online/collecti...
Amalgamated Transit Union Local 689 president George Davis, flanked by his wife, speaks to an unidentified man at the January 1977 installation of officers ceremony following Davis’s unopposed re-election.
He was unopposed in the December 1976 election because his announced opponent, James “Jim” Coughlin of Bladensburg Division, died before the union nomination meeting.
Davis was best known for being president of the union during a 7-day wildcat strike by rank-and-file D.C. Metro workers demanding that cost-of-living payments continue while their labor contract was being arbitrated.
The workers pointed to a clause in their labor agreement that said the expiring contract provisions would remain “undisturbed” during arbitration proceedings.
Davis initially refused to arbitrate the issue and ruled a strike motion out of order before adjourning a union meeting where the issue came up. Members then organized and staged a wildcat strike and refused Davis’s orders to return to work.
A federal judge ordered the disputed money put in escrow and an expedited arbitration of the issue. On August 3, 1978 neutral arbitrator Richard Bloch issued an opinion finding that Metro’s failure to pay was a “substantial disturbance of existing conditions, and therefore a contract violation.”
It was an embarrassment for Davis and a victory for the workers.
During his tenure in office as president from 1974-80, he practiced what is commonly called business unionism where he processed grievances and negotiated and administrated contracts.
He became president during a decade-long national strike wave and during a time when black workers became a majority of the workers at Metro. It was also on the heels of the social turmoil of the 1960s.
Early in his tenure, he called a 1974 strike against Metro, holding that the cost of living clause that paid workers every three months the same percentage increase as the U.S. Labor Department’s consumer price index could not be reduced and was not subject to arbitration.
A federal judge intervened and ordered arbitration of the issue, but instructed the arbitrator to give “great weight” to the union’s position. The COLA clause was retained at that time.
Davis also led a safety check in November 1975 that sidelined 40 percent of the bus service for a day over the issues of excessive discipline and unsafe equipment. The disruption of service resulted in a less harsh disciplinary code.
However he was seen by the rank and file as a timid leader unresponsive to their concerns. When an operator was raped and workers staged a wildcat strike in May 1978, Davis was on the sidelines.
He later attempted to take credit for the measures that were agreed to end the walkout, further angering the members.
During a time of intense political attacks on the union by local elected leaders, Davis rarely responded publicly and failed to capitalize on an opportunity to organize bus operations in the start-up Montgomery County Ride On service in 1977.
He was blamed by the members for the introduction of part-time work, although it was ordered by an arbitrator in 1978.
His administration was criticized for its bookkeeping practices where there were not receipts and vouchers for all expenditures. By his own admission, he rarely made visits to members at worksites.
Davis’s tenure came to an end in an election that was postponed by the court until January 1980.
Charles Boswell, a rank-and-file bus operator with no previous union experience prevailed over Davis by a better than 2-1 margin.
During his six year tenure, he kept the cost-of-living clause in the contract during a period of high inflation, despite relentless attacks from area political leaders.
He also negotiated an agreement with Metro that provided that Local 689 would be the sole bargaining representative for blue collar Metrorail employees and obtained an agreement that disabled workers could fill some of the newly created station attendant (later called manager) jobs.
While he was a dedicated trade unionist, his accomplishments were tarnished by his distance from the membership. He failed to lead direct action against WMATA despite his early success using the strike and a safety check to obtain results.
He didn’t understand or engage in much political activity, which cost the local dearly in the coming years and he did not undertake an opportunity to organize the Ride On system that would grow to 500 buses and 1,500 workers and set an example for other suburban jurisdictions and the District of Columbia to set up their own bus systems.
He retired bitter and feeling betrayed by those who served with him, but it was his own poor decision-making that was his undoing.
For a blog post on the turmoil in the D.C. transit union from 1974-80, see washingtonareaspark.com/2020/03/16/george-davis-and-the-t...
For more information and related images, see flic.kr/s/aHsmLRWRyd
The photographer is unknown. The image is from a contract print donated by Craig Simpson
Stock exchange for agricultural products
(Pictures you can see by clicking on the link at the end of the site!)
Vienna, 10 Tabor Road, stock exchange for agricultural products, 2008
Picture from 1900
The Attic inscriptions
The back side of the Great Mohrengasse
Interior, adapted as Odeon Theatre 2010
The market for agricultural products in Vienna, in short, Commodity Exchange, is a in 1869 founded produce exchange, without time bargain. It is located since 1890 in a 1887-1890 specifically created building in Tabor street in Vienna's Leopoldstadt.
During National Socialism in Austria (1938-1945) as well as because of market organisation act, from 1949 to 1994 the stock market possessed no power. With Austria's EU accession in 1995 the stock market was reactivated and resumed the function of the finding of the target price (Richtpreisfindung) for the Austrian market by the major market participants. Stock exchange listings are taking place on a weekly basis.
In addition, the Vienna Commodity Exchange has a tribunal that is responsible for all members and trading partners in the event of disputes.
History
Since 1812, the grain trade is a free business in Austria, therefore, therefore, corn a commodity. With the development of trade in 1853 arose the Viennese fruit and flour stock exchange. This was for the moment subordinated under the Vienna Magistrate and was only on 24 June 1869 independent. This was the birth year of the Vienna Commodity Exchange. Whose trade for the moment took place in the café Commodity Exchanges in Vienna's Leopoldstadt (2nd district). With the increase of trading volume and the trading participants, the construction of a separate stock exchange building was decided. The contract for this got in 1887 the architect Karl König, who built the Stock Exchange building in Tabor street, near the café in the Neo-Renaissance style. The completion and the start of trading took place on 23 August, 1890. In Latin letters the motto of the stock market was walled in: in usum negotiatorum cuiuscumque Nationis ac linguae ("the merchants of all nations and all languages dedicated").
Until the First World War, the Stock Exchange was the most important market for agricultural products of the Austro-Hungarian monarchy. After its demise, and the years of inflation, stock exchange trading experienced a large decline, of which the stock market not recovered until the mid-20s.
In 1938, after the annexation of Austria to Germany, the stock market was closed. During the Second World War, the stock market was hit in air raids on Vienna, the trading hall burned down . After the war was began with the rebuilding. On 10 November 1948 followed the reconstitution of the Stock Exchange Chamber and on Wednesday, the 29th July 1949, the first stock exchange meeting was held in Taborstraße in the repaired stock exchange building. The stock market was now, however, because of market regulation law determining the fixing of prices by the social partnership largely meaningless. It merely served as a weekly meeting place of key market participants. From the 1980s on, the great hall was used by the Odeon Theatre.
With the accession of Austria to the EU market in 1995, the Market Organsation Act had to be abrogated. The Commodity Exchange sat together again and took up again its function as place of target price finding of the key market participants.
The Vienna Commodity Exchange was decisively involved in the making of a unified Italian-Austrian-German model agreement for the grain trade.
Stock exchange dealing
Merchandises
Actual trading does not take place at the Produce Exchange. However, there are business transactions from a certain minium dimension for the purpose of target price finding of the traded commodities - depending on traded good, differently high, as a rule, not less than 100 tons - recorded. The exchange traffic includes substantially all in the region grown agricultural raw materials and semi-finished products which are used for human and animal consumption. Excluded from the exchange traffic are forestry products, spices, herbs as well as raw materials serving for the production of fabrics and spun yarns, such as jute. Also excluded are almost all "colonial goods", ie sugar, coffee, tea, chocolate, cocoa, and the like.
Trade practices
As binding basis of the in business occurring terms, business conditions, deadlines, settlement procedures and trade practices are serving the practices of the stock exchange for agricultural products Vienna. They should prevent misunderstandings and misinterpretations and thus facilitate domestic and international trade.
In addition, special provisions specify what requirements quality or brand denominations must fulfill - such as, "quality" or "Premium Wheat".
Quotation
The quotations occure on the basis of actual having taken place trade, hence, without contracts such as options and futures, which are not traded in Vienna, once a week on Wednesday at 13.30 clock. For assessment used are only large trades from a certain minimum quantity at wholesale price. Fixed are the prices ultimately by the Price Determination Commission, which is under the supervision of the Exchange Commissioner. The publication of the prices takes place in the official list.
Organs
Exchange Chamber
The management of the stock exchange for agricultural products behooves the chamber of the market for agricultural products in Vienna. This is composed of 30 stock exchange councilors called members, who are elected or appointed for a term of four years. They are appointed in equal numbers by the Ministry of Agriculture from by the Austrian Chambers of Agriculture proposed persons. More, in all, three members are appointed by the Chambers of Agriculture of Vienna, Lower Austria and Burgenland. The remaining 17 members are elected by the stock exchange members six of which must be coming from the milling industry or the milling craft, one from the flour processing industry or sector, six from the grain trade. The other four may belong to other professional groups participating in the exchange market. A further condition on the 30 trading councils is, that at least half of them reside in Vienna.
Out of the stock exchange councils, as well for four years are elected a governing body, the executive of the stock exchange plus the chairman of the stock exchange with his three vice-presidents and the treasurer.
As supervising organ acts the commissioner of the stock exchange with his two deputies, which are provided by the Ministry of Agriculture and Ministry of Economy.
Also appointed by the stock exchange chamber are the four-member panel of arbitrators and the three-member college of experts.
Former Presidents of the Exchange Chamber:
1869-1872: Konstantin Dora
1872-1875: Roman Uhl
1876-1894: Wilhelm Naschauer
1895-1916: Paul Ritter von Schoeller
1917-1925: Fritz Mendl
1926-1928: Hugo Hauser
1929-1931: Hermann Reif
1932-1933: Jakob Handl
1934-1938: Josef Zwetzbacher
1948-1958: Josef Rupp
1959-1963: Alfred Fromm
1963-1976: Leopold Holzschuh
1976-1977: Hermann Grün
1978-1993: Ernst Polsterer
1994-1997: Kurt Engleitner
since 1998: Rudolf Kunisch
Arbitration
Members of the Exchange are legally bound by the trade practices. These fixe also the recognition of the Arbitration Court of the Vienna Stock Exchange for agricultural products as competent tribunal in the event of disputes or disagreements. This is not bound by procedural requirements of the ordinary courts, and therefore against judgments of the tribunal also can not be appealed. The procedures usually last less than a month and the sayings of the tribunal on the Vienna Stock Exchange are, in contrast to many other European stock exchanges, immediately enforceable executory titles.
de.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%B6rse_f%C3%BCr_landwirtschaftl...