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.Scientific name: Belamcanda chinensis
.Common Names: Leopard Lily
.Family: Iridaceae
.Category: Perennial Flowers
.Climate: Continental, Equatorial, Mediterranean, Subtropical, Temperate, Tropical
.Origin: Asia, China, Japan
.Height: 0.6 to 0.9 meters
.Luminosity: Full Sun
A very rustic and flowering plant, the leopard flower adds a wild touch to the garden. It has bluish-green, flat, fan-shaped leaves, very ornamental.
The inflorescence is composed of many yellow, orange or reddish flowers, spotted, like the feline that gives the plant its name.
Star of many landscapers, it is very versatile and adapts to the entire Brazilian territory. Its beauty is highlighted in massifs, but it can also be grown in borders and beds, as well as in pots. The flowering season extends throughout the year, but is most abundant in summer.
The leopard flower is not very demanding. We must grow it in full sun or partial shade, in fertile soils fertilized with organic matter. Watering should be weekly and fertilizing at least twice a year, for good flowering. Does not tolerate waterlogging. It is multiplied by division of the clumps and through seeds that germinate spontaneously close to the mother plant.
Consequences in the Netherlands It is also getting warmer in the Netherlands and the sea level is rising. The main consequences of climate change for the Netherlands: The weather is becoming more extreme: more heavy showers, more heat waves. There is a greater risk of flooding: the rivers and sewers are no longer able to drain the water properly during heavy rainfall. Nature in the Netherlands is changing: species that originally come from warmer areas, feel more and more at home in the Netherlands. Well-known examples are the oak processionary caterpillar, the small hermit crab, certain tick species and the "hay fever plant" Ambrosia. Another effect is that spring starts earlier: plants bloom earlier, trees sprout earlier, insects appear earlier and birds breed earlier in the year. This can cause problems, for example for migratory birds that missed the insect peak upon arrival in the Netherlands and cannot find enough food. Species that cannot adapt quickly enough to changing circumstances run the risk of disappearing. There are also advantages: we can grow other vegetable and plant species because they will do better in the Netherlands. Winters are getting milder; it will freeze less often. It is getting wetter: in the spring, autumn and winter there is more rainfall. Summers are getting drier and hotter. There are more summer and tropical days. In the Netherlands, the consequences of climate change can probably be controlled. We can strengthen dikes and dunes and create storage areas along rivers for extra river water. You can also help to limit waterlogging by applying fewer tiles and more greenery in your garden. Rainwater can then sink into the soil, so that the sewer is less overloaded (so: less flooded basements and streets).
That special day.
you remember it.
22-12-2007, there was frozen fog on the trees and a blue sky. It was just a few hours. It was marvelous.
Personal and current note:
All my May flowers, I mean every possible color here, bloomed in May. The Christmas cactus are known in the northern hemisphere as the Christmas Cactus (late autumn or early winter), but in the state of São Paulo it has the popular name of the May flower, native to a mountain range in the state of Rio de Janeiro , overhangs trees. The rest of the country calls it the silk flower and it makes sense because of the transparency and delicacy of the flower petals.
It's a shame to be so perennial.
Once a year and for a maximum of 6 days or a maximum of seven days of flowering.
This orange May flower is tricolor. It has an orange inner part, a yellow to orange upper part and a pink stigma. It's very beautiful!
PS. It was like this last year:
***
S. Truncata Group 'Gold Charm'; note the very pointed teeth at the end of the segments, zygomorphic flowers held above the horizontal, and yellow pollen.
May flower: the cactus that offers beauty instead of thorns:
The May flower - common name of the species Schlumbergera truncata - is one of those plants that we tend to despise most of the year. It is, after all, a true botanical commonplace:
since the days of grandma's gardens, it has been hanging around on any balcony or housed in cachepots on some furniture in the living room. It is also a champion of popularity in floras - ready to be pushed by sellers every time the consumer searches for a plant “for beginners”.
This is all true, yes. But, as I was able to feel myself this week, the fact that it is party rice does not eliminate the extraordinary value and the pleasure of having a May flower inside the house. And pleasure is precisely in the miracle that works, out of nowhere, in your metabolism. During most of the year, the May flower is a discreet little thing, with its branches formed by fragile and evergreen buds releasing at most new buds. Suddenly, sometime between the end of autumn and the beginning of winter, behold that dull plant explodes in buttons with extremely striking shapes and colors - mine, for example, pump out between May and July.
After flowering, it often withers, loses part of the buds and spends the rest of the year trying to recover from the excruciating effort of flowering.
The May flower is from the cactus family, but has no thorns. In its original habitat, the Atlantic Forest, it presents an epiphyte behavior. In other words: like orchids and many bromeliads, it uses tree trunks as a support. Thanks to horticultural improvement, the variety of colors available on the market today is immense. You can splurge, as you can see in this photo that illustrates this post, the very rare flower of May YELLOW.
Despite the fact that the May flower is a peaceful and favorable cultivation plant, some precautions are mandatory to avoid unpleasantness. Here is a basic guide to success:
1) SOIL - As it is a succulent, the may flower requires perfect drainage. She does, however, enjoy a lot of organic matter. So, plant it in pots with holes, filled with pebbles and sand at the bottom and the remaining two thirds completed with vegetable soil. Curiosity: if these conditions are met, the May flower can grow a lot and live for years in small pots.
2) WATERING - Do not overdo it and do not leave dishes filled with water under the pot, to avoid waterlogging and root rot. But also be sure to water frequently - two to four times a week, depending on the weather. She likes the slightly damp earth.
3) LUZ - This is, perhaps, the main catch. The May flower hates receiving direct sunlight, but enjoys well-lit environments. The right places for her, therefore, are balconies and bright interiors, but fresh. Or under the treetops.
4) FLOWERING - The May flower releases its buds when two variables combine: the nights become longer and the minimum temperatures are close to 10-15 degrees. And so it lives up to its name: in the Southeast of Brazil, these ideal conditions are usually registered between mid-May and the end of June.
5) POST-FLOWERING STRESS - May flower is a perennial species, that is, it does not die after giving flowers. Often, however, it cannot withstand the thud of its metabolic explosion: after so much effort, the stem buds become wilted and break easily. In the extreme, the plant dies from stress. To avoid this, it is necessary to redouble the care with nutrition. After flowering, increase the watering slightly and add a little earthworm humus or phosphorus-rich fertilizer (the “P” of the renowned NPK trio).
Last tip: take advantage of the loose buds to produce new seedlings. It's very easy, just fix a piece of them in moist soil.
S. Truncata Group 'Flor de Maio Alba'; note the very pointed teeth at the end of the segments, zygomorphic flowers held above the horizontal, and yellow pollen.
May flower: the cactus that offers beauty instead of thorns:
The May flower - common name of the species Schlumbergera truncata - is one of those plants that we tend to despise most of the year. It is, after all, a true botanical commonplace:
since the days of grandma's gardens, it has been hanging around on any balcony or housed in cachepots on some furniture in the living room. It is also a champion of popularity in floras - ready to be pushed by sellers every time the consumer searches for a plant “for beginners”.
This is all true, yes. But, as I was able to feel myself this week, the fact that it is party rice does not eliminate the extraordinary value and the pleasure of having a May flower inside the house. And pleasure is precisely in the miracle that works, out of nowhere, in your metabolism. During most of the year, the May flower is a discreet little thing, with its branches formed by fragile and evergreen buds releasing at most new buds. Suddenly, sometime between the end of autumn and the beginning of winter, behold that dull plant explodes in buttons with extremely striking shapes and colors - mine, for example, pump out between May and July.
flic.kr/p/2j5vm49
After flowering, it often withers, loses part of the buds and spends the rest of the year trying to recover from the excruciating effort of flowering.
The May flower is from the cactus family, but has no thorns. In its original habitat, the Atlantic Forest, it presents an epiphyte behavior. In other words: like orchids and many bromeliads, it uses tree trunks as a support. Thanks to horticultural improvement, the variety of colors available on the market today is immense. You can splurge, as you can see in this photo that illustrates this description, the flower of May WHITE.
Despite the fact that the May flower is a peaceful and favorable cultivation plant, some precautions are mandatory to avoid unpleasantness. Here is a basic guide to success:
1) SOIL - As it is a succulent, the may flower requires perfect drainage. She does, however, enjoy a lot of organic matter. So, plant it in pots with holes, filled with pebbles and sand at the bottom and the remaining two thirds completed with vegetable soil. Curiosity: if these conditions are met, the May flower can grow a lot and live for years in small pots.
2) WATERING - Do not overdo it and do not leave dishes filled with water under the pot, to avoid waterlogging and root rot. But also be sure to water frequently - two to four times a week, depending on the weather. She likes the slightly damp earth.
3) LUZ - This is, perhaps, the main catch. The May flower hates receiving direct sunlight, but enjoys well-lit environments. The right places for her, therefore, are balconies and bright interiors, but fresh. Or under the treetops.
4) FLOWERING - The May flower releases its buds when two variables combine: the nights become longer and the minimum temperatures are close to 10-15 degrees. And so it lives up to its name: in the Southeast of Brazil, these ideal conditions are usually registered between mid-May and the end of June.
5) POST-FLOWERING STRESS - May flower is a perennial species, that is, it does not die after giving flowers. Often, however, it cannot withstand the thud of its metabolic explosion: after so much effort, the stem buds become wilted and break easily. In the extreme, the plant dies from stress. To avoid this, it is necessary to redouble the care with nutrition. After flowering, increase the watering slightly and add a little earthworm humus or phosphorus-rich fertilizer (the “P” of the renowned NPK trio).
Last tip: take advantage of the loose buds to produce new seedlings. It's very easy, just fix a piece of them in moist soil.
The residents of different areas of Chittagong are very familiar with the problem of water logging during rainy season. A moderate to heavy rainfall is enough to inundate main roads, lanes and by-lanes of both old and new parts of the city.
© Zakir Hossain
☎ +8801611266162
📧 zakir1346@gmail.com
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Water logging is a curse for any city or country.The people of Chittagong want to get rid of this curse.The city experiences waterlogging during the rainy season every year.Unclean drainage is the main cause of this waterlogging.Due to this waterlogging, human life becomes very narrow.It's difficult to identify which is drain and which is road.
Water logging is a curse for any city or country.The people of Chittagong want to get rid of this curse.The city experiences waterlogging during the rainy season every year.Unclean drainage is the main cause of this waterlogging.Due to this waterlogging, human life becomes very narrow.It's difficult to identify which is drain and which is road.The biggest problem is with sick patients.Unable to get an ambulance due to waterlogging, the boy takes his father to the hospital in the rain on a stretcher by van.
S. Truncata Group 'Gold Charm'; note the very pointed teeth at the end of the segments, zygomorphic flowers held above the horizontal, and yellow pollen.
May flower: the cactus that offers beauty instead of thorns:
The May flower - common name of the species Schlumbergera truncata - is one of those plants that we tend to despise most of the year. It is, after all, a true botanical commonplace:
since the days of grandma's gardens, it has been hanging around on any balcony or housed in cachepots on some furniture in the living room. It is also a champion of popularity in floras - ready to be pushed by sellers every time the consumer searches for a plant “for beginners”.
This is all true, yes. But, as I was able to feel myself this week, the fact that it is party rice does not eliminate the extraordinary value and the pleasure of having a May flower inside the house. And pleasure is precisely in the miracle that works, out of nowhere, in your metabolism. During most of the year, the May flower is a discreet little thing, with its branches formed by fragile and evergreen buds releasing at most new buds. Suddenly, sometime between the end of autumn and the beginning of winter, behold that dull plant explodes in buttons with extremely striking shapes and colors - mine, for example, pump out between May and July.
After flowering, it often withers, loses part of the buds and spends the rest of the year trying to recover from the excruciating effort of flowering.
The May flower is from the cactus family, but has no thorns. In its original habitat, the Atlantic Forest, it presents an epiphyte behavior. In other words: like orchids and many bromeliads, it uses tree trunks as a support. Thanks to horticultural improvement, the variety of colors available on the market today is immense. You can splurge, as you can see in this photo that illustrates this post, the very rare flower of May YELLOW.
Despite the fact that the May flower is a peaceful and favorable cultivation plant, some precautions are mandatory to avoid unpleasantness. Here is a basic guide to success:
1) SOIL - As it is a succulent, the may flower requires perfect drainage. She does, however, enjoy a lot of organic matter. So, plant it in pots with holes, filled with pebbles and sand at the bottom and the remaining two thirds completed with vegetable soil. Curiosity: if these conditions are met, the May flower can grow a lot and live for years in small pots.
2) WATERING - Do not overdo it and do not leave dishes filled with water under the pot, to avoid waterlogging and root rot. But also be sure to water frequently - two to four times a week, depending on the weather. She likes the slightly damp earth.
3) LUZ - This is, perhaps, the main catch. The May flower hates receiving direct sunlight, but enjoys well-lit environments. The right places for her, therefore, are balconies and bright interiors, but fresh. Or under the treetops.
4) FLOWERING - The May flower releases its buds when two variables combine: the nights become longer and the minimum temperatures are close to 10-15 degrees. And so it lives up to its name: in the Southeast of Brazil, these ideal conditions are usually registered between mid-May and the end of June.
5) POST-FLOWERING STRESS - May flower is a perennial species, that is, it does not die after giving flowers. Often, however, it cannot withstand the thud of its metabolic explosion: after so much effort, the stem buds become wilted and break easily. In the extreme, the plant dies from stress. To avoid this, it is necessary to redouble the care with nutrition. After flowering, increase the watering slightly and add a little earthworm humus or phosphorus-rich fertilizer (the “P” of the renowned NPK trio).
Last tip: take advantage of the loose buds to produce new seedlings. It's very easy, just fix a piece of them in moist soil.
After the yellow fields of cranola we find the meadow crowfoot or sharp buttercup near as stunning.
The Ranunculus is a representative of the species-rich genus Ranunculus and at the same time the best-known species. When someone speaks of a "yellow meadow flower", they usually mean Ranunculus acris. The Sharp Buttercup is often found on more or less moist meadows from low-lying areas to alpine mountain areas, often in moor grass communities or together with marsh marigolds. It even goes into moor meadows and Kleinseggenriede, prolonged waterlogging is not a problem. It benefits from nitrogen input through manure spread by farmers. Together with the dandelion, it is then one of the few remaining meadow flowers in conventional agriculture..
The worst sufferers included the residents of Bakalia Solosahar, GEC Moor (crossing), WASA Crossing, Badurtala, Halishahar, Agrabad, Hat Hazari, Boalkhali, Baddarhat, Muradpur, Probartak Moor, Kapasgola, Panchlais, Chaktai Baddarhat, Muradpur,.The sufferings of common people and school children knows no bound. Water logging also causes various diseases such as malaria, dengue, diarrhea etc.
© Zakir Hossain
☎ +8801611266162
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"Sweet desert rose
Each of her veils, a secret promise
This desert flower
No sweet perfume ever tortured me more than this"
-Sting-
Desert Rose (Adenium obesum)
Hybrid: Folded Yellow with Pink
Flowering: Flowering can be obtained on young plants, only 15 cm tall. Flowering usually occurs in Spring, with the possibility of successive flowering in Summer and Autumn. It emits yellow flowers that are folded with a slight white streak on the petals.
The desert rose is a succulent herbaceous plant with a sculptural appearance and exuberant flowering. Its stem is thickened at the base, an adaptation to store water and nutrients in arid places. Originally from Africa and the region, it is from the Apocynaceae family and can reach 3 meters in height if left to grow freely. It has leaves arranged in a spiral and grouped at the tips of the branches.
You can find more than 5,000 types of desert roses!
It must be cultivated in full sun or partial shade, in perfectly draining, neutral, sandy soil, enriched with organic matter and irrigated at sparse and regular intervals. Does not tolerate cold below 10ºC or waterlogging. Despite these drainage requirements, it is not good to leave it too long without watering.
On Explore: March 16, 2023
An uncommon sighting, I found the bird on the roadside fields in the countryside. It along with several plovers and a partner, were simply making the best of the waterlogging. Looking for small insects that frequent the fields, they were having a merry day in the good light.
Thanks in advance for your views and feedback. Much appreciated.
© Md.Imran Hossain Khan (Imu)
☎ +880 1670387192
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Consequences in the Netherlands It is also getting warmer in the Netherlands and the sea level is rising. The main consequences of climate change for the Netherlands: The weather is becoming more extreme: more heavy showers, more heat waves. There is a greater risk of flooding: the rivers and sewers are no longer able to drain the water properly during heavy rainfall. Nature in the Netherlands is changing: species that originally come from warmer areas, feel more and more at home in the Netherlands. Well-known examples are the oak processionary caterpillar, the small hermit crab, certain tick species and the "hay fever plant" Ambrosia. Another effect is that spring starts earlier: plants bloom earlier, trees sprout earlier, insects appear earlier and birds breed earlier in the year. This can cause problems, for example for migratory birds that missed the insect peak upon arrival in the Netherlands and cannot find enough food. Species that cannot adapt quickly enough to changing circumstances run the risk of disappearing. There are also advantages: we can grow other vegetable and plant species because they will do better in the Netherlands. Winters are getting milder; it will freeze less often. It is getting wetter: in the spring, autumn and winter there is more rainfall. Summers are getting drier and hotter. There are more summer and tropical days. In the Netherlands, the consequences of climate change can probably be controlled. We can strengthen dikes and dunes and create storage areas along rivers for extra river water. You can also help to limit waterlogging by applying fewer tiles and more greenery in your garden. Rainwater can then sink into the soil, so that the sewer is less overloaded (so: less flooded basements and streets).
That special day.
you remember it.
22-12-2007, there was frozen fog on the trees and a blue sky. It was just a few hours. It was marvelous.
My city just received over 200mm of rainfall in past 11 hours, over 300mm in the past 24 hours and approximately 800mm in the past four days. Just for context, Mumbai's average August rainfall stands at 566mm.
Its pouring cats and dogs, bulls and buffaloes here... with no signs of abatement. Its absolute mayhem on the streets for the past two days, more can be read here
I ventured out couple of days back (and this shot is from a moving cab), only to return all drenched. As on today, the skyscapers have punctured through the clouds. All of them !
© All rights reserved, don´t use this image without my permission. Contact me at debmalya86@gmail.com
Water logging is a curse for any city or country.The people of Chittagong want to get rid of this curse.The city experiences waterlogging during the rainy season every year.Unclean drainage is the main cause of this waterlogging.Due to this waterlogging, human life becomes very narrow.It's difficult to identify which is drain and which is road.
© Md.Imran Hossain Khan (Imu)
☎ +880 1670387192
📧 imu.imran50@gmail.com
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🇫🇷 Lorsque l'on marche dans les🌳chênaies-frênaies fraîches🌳au mois d'Avril, on voit de nombreuses fleurs jaunes ouvertes tout près du sol. Profitant de la lumière avant que les arbres se couvrent de feuilles, les ficaires fausse-renoncule sont comme des petits soleils dans les sous-bois humides encore engourdis. La ficaire peut d'ailleurs faire office de plante bioindicatrice, car sa présence montre un engorgement du sol en eau avec une matière organique d’origine végétale qui se décompose mal.
La photographier avec un effet de bokeh en arrière-plan nécessite de se rapprocher le plus possible du sol.
🌿🌿🌿🌿🌿 🌿🌿🌿🌿🌿
🇺🇸 ️When you walk through the🌳cool oak-ash forest🌳in April, you see many open yellow flowers right near the ground. Taking advantage of the light before the trees cover themselves in leaves, the false celandine plants are like little suns in the still numb wet undergrowth. Celandine can also be a bioindicator plant, as its presence indicates waterlogging of the soil with poorly decomposing plant matter.
Photographing it with a bokeh effect in the background requires getting as close to the ground as possible.
Ficaire fausse renoncule / Lesser celandine / Ranunculus ficaria
📷ISO 200, 105mm, f/4, 1/800
web site : pascalechevest.com
instagram : pascalechevest_nature
In addition to Chittagong city being waterlogged due to continuous rains in the last part of monsoon, various villages in the lower areas of the district were also submerged in water. The port city of Chittagong has been waterlogged for the third day due to continuous rain. Some roads are knee-deep, while roads in low-lying areas are submerged in waist-deep water. Traffic is being disrupted on the road. The employees have to suffer the most in reaching the workplace. It started raining in the Chittagong city and surrounding areas from last Thursday (August 03) evening. Very heavy rain started from Saturday night. The Meteorological Office has issued a warning of worsening flooding and landslides due to heavy rains.
© Zakir Hossain
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The residents of different areas of Chittagong are very familiar with the problem of water logging during rainy season. A moderate to heavy rainfall is enough to inundate main roads, lanes and by-lanes of both old and new parts of the city.
© Zakir Hossain
☎ +8801611266162
📧 zakir1346@gmail.com
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Soaking rains have been waterlogging the Blue Ridge Mountains in southwest Virginia for the past four days. Image made at Bobbletts Gap overlook on the Blue Ridge Parkway. ©2024 | John M. Hudson
Ulmus minor (Ulmaceae) 057 21
The field elm (Ulmus minor) is a fast-growing, medium-sized, deciduous tree found mainly in South European regions.
The wood of the field elm is of good quality, making it useful for furniture, flooring and firewood. It has excellent resistance to water decay, so its timber is also suitable for underwater constructions and for boatsshipbuilding.
The tree is riparian and usually found on the banks of smaller streams. It can reproduce by root suckers and is, as other pioneer species, light-demanding and fast-growing. It is tolerant towards stress factors, such as salty winds, waterlogging, drought and pollution. However, due to the Dutch elm disease, the population has been heavily reduced. Nevertheless, European elms, in general, are not considered endangered due to strong resilience and genetic variability in forest habitats.
Fox's Bridge Bog Nature Reserve. Gloucestershire Wildlife Trust/Forestry Commision.
The native range of Pennyroyal is thought to be around the eastern Mediterranean, where it grows in damp meadows, around pools and in stream margins. It is, however, very widely established around the world, including North and South America, throughout Africa, Asia, Australia and New Zealand. The UK is towards the northern edge of its range.
The habitat of pennyroyal is seasonally damp pasture, where standing water over the winter leaves bare ground in the summer, and where livestock preferentially graze other plants. An analogue of this habitat is found on roadsides, where trampling or disturbance of the ground produces similarly bare soil, particularly where there is waterlogging in winter. It is also found along watercourses, in wet woodland and in abandoned fields.
My thanks to anyone who views, faves or comments on any of my photos. It is much appreciated.
🇫🇷 L’éclat jaune d’un sol mouvant
Dans ce 🌳terrain instable🌳 légèrement inondé d’avril, en Chartreuse, les tussilages éclairent les rives détrempées, témoins de la vitalité des milieux pionniers humides. Ce type d’écosystème se caractérise par des sols pauvres, fréquemment bouleversés, qui favorisent l'installation de plantes colonisatrices capables de résister aux excès d’eau et aux variations brutales. Le tussilage (Tussilago farfara), à floraison précoce, joue ici un rôle fondamental : il stabilise les sols limoneux, nourrit les premiers pollinisateurs de la saison, et amorce le cycle de végétalisation printanier.
J’ai réalisé cette photo en m’agenouillant à ras du sol, pour capter le contraste entre la fleur et l’eau stagnante à contre-jour.
🌿🌿🌿🌿🌿 🌿🌿🌿🌿🌿
🇬🇧 Golden gleam on shifting ground
In this slightly flooded 🌳unstable terrain🌳 of April, coltsfoot blooms light up the soaked banks, revealing the resilience of wet pioneer habitats. These ecosystems are defined by poor, often disturbed soils, ideal for colonizing species that tolerate waterlogging and rapid change. Coltsfoot (Tussilago farfara), flowering very early, plays a vital role: it stabilizes silty soils, supports the first pollinators of the season, and triggers the early stages of spring greening.
I took this photograph kneeling close to the ground, capturing the contrast between the bright flower and the stagnant water in backlight.
🍀Tussilage / Coltsfoot / Tussilago farfara🍀
Milieu naturel, écosystème : 🌳terrain instable🌳
Natural environment, ecosystem: 🌳unstable terrain🌳
Lieu / Location : Perquelin / Parc Naturel Régional de la Chartreuse / Isère / France
“Slight Heat” is the 11th solar term, in the traditional chinese lunisolar calendar which divides a year into 24 ones. It begins when the Sun reaches the celestial longitude of 105° (more often referring in particular to the precise day when our star is exactly at this one), and ends when it reaches the 120th (in the Gregorian calendar it usually begins around 7 July and ends around 22 July or 23 in East Asia time). Slight heat means it’s hot but not the hottest. The continuous rainfall season will soon stopand enter summer days. Therefore, when “Slight Heat” arrives, people in north shouldpay attention to waterlogging, but in the south, drought. As mentioned earlier, threeperiods of the hot season come one by one after “Summer Solstice”. In the Chinese, it’scall the three “Fu”, meaning that the weather is so hot and people better lie down thanto move. Around the “Slight Heat” period, it’s the first “Fu” period. The wind comes withhot wave, the cricket starts to crawl from the field into the yard and young eagle startsto learn how to fly and hunt.
Traditional Customs
In ancient times, emperors used to give out ice and fried noodles to his officials andpeople on the first “Fu” period. Nowadays, people eat Jiaozi on the first “Fu”, noodleson the second and eggs with baked pancake on the third. In Xuzhou, the tradition ofeating lamb can be traced back to thousands of years ago. At that time, there alreadyhad been the saying that “Having a bowl of lamp soup, no need to see the doctors.”
Healthy Living Tips
On the eleven’s solar term, the Yang Qi in human’s body is the most vigorous. Peopleshould pay attention to work and life balance and eat food which can help release thehotness. A very good dish is Chinese porridge, cooked with materials such as lotus leafor hyacinth bean. Another proverb is “Don’t sit on rocks in the winter and woods in thesummer”. This is because wood can obtain wetness after rain. Although it may look dry,it still diffuses humidity after sunshine. Sitting on wood may cause piles, rheumatismand arthritis.
The worst sufferers included the residents of Bakalia Solosahar, GEC Moor (crossing), WASA Crossing, Badurtala, Halishahar, Agrabad, Hat Hazari, Boalkhali, Baddarhat, Muradpur, Probartak Moor, Kapasgola, Panchlais, Chaktai Baddarhat, Muradpur,.The sufferings of common people and school children knows no bound. Water logging also causes various diseases such as malaria, dengue, diarrhea etc.
© Zakir Hossain
☎ +8801611266162
📧 zakir1346@gmail.com
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An elderly woman collecting drinking water from the WASA line that is also nearly drowned from flood water. The picture was taken from Barai Para area of Chittagong City.
The residents of different areas of Chittagong are very familiar with the problem of water logging during rainy season. A moderate to heavy rainfall is enough to inundate main roads, lanes and by-lanes of both old and new parts of the city.
© Zakir Hossain
☎ +8801611266162
📧 zakir1346@gmail.com
☑ Follow Facebook ||
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We've had an incredibly wet summer this year, with the effect of waterlogging our Japanese Magnolia tree. This is the last leaf left on the shrub, and hopefully the plant won't succumb and die.
"The Great Heat" is the 12th solar term in the 24 solar terms. The northern hemisphere is between July 22 and July 24, and the southern hemisphere is between January 20 and January 21 each year, begins when the Sun reaches the celestial longitude of 120° and ends when it reaches the longitude of 135°. During this period, clear skies, hot ground, baking the atmosphere, so that the temperature remains high, most areas of the temperature of 35 degrees or more. At the same time, where the crops grow fastest and the most frequent time for drought, waterlogging and windy weather. After this day, soil gets more and more humid and heavy thunderstorm comes from time to time. Heavy rain weakened the heat, the weather began to transition to the beginning of autumn.
大暑
大暑，二十四节气之一，北半球在每年7月22-24日之间，南半球在每年1月20-21日之间，太阳位于黄经120°。
《月令七十二候集解》中说：“暑，热也，就热之中分为大小，月初为小，月中为大，今则热气犹大也。”其气候特征是：“斗指丙为大暑，斯时天气甚烈于小暑，故名曰大暑。”大暑节气正值“三伏天”里的“中伏”前后，是一年中最热的时期，气温最高，农作物生长最快，同时，很多地区的旱、涝、风灾等各种气象灾害也最为频繁。古代将大暑分为三候：“一候腐草为萤；二候土润溽暑；三候大雨时行。” 世界上萤火虫约有二千多种，分水生与陆生两种，陆生的萤火虫产卵于枯草上，大暑时，萤火虫卵化而出，所以古人认为萤火虫是腐草变成的；第二候是说天气开始变得闷热，土地也很潮湿；第三候是说时常有大的雷雨会出现，大雨使暑湿减弱，天气开始向立秋过渡。
Entlang der Forststraße durch den Wald im Sattental wanderten wir zurück zum Ausgangspunkt am Anfang des Hochtals. Dabei wurden wir über weite Strecken des Weges vom faszinierenden Zinnkraut begleitet. Als Kind dachte ich immer, das seien noch ganz junge Bäume. Mittlerweile weiß ich, dass der Acker-Schachtelhalm, wie er auch genannt wird, ein Unkraut ist, das auf verdichteten Boden und Staunässe hinweist. Verwendet wird das Zinnkraut als Pflanzenschutz- und Pflanzenstärkungs-Mittel sowie in der Pflanzenheilkunde. Zinn hingegen kommt in diesem interessanten Kraut gar nicht vor.
We hiked along the forest road through the forest in the Sattental valley back to the starting point at the beginning of the high valley. We were accompanied for long stretches of the way by the fascinating horsetail. As a child, I always thought these were still very young trees. I now know that field horsetail, as it is also known beside the other German word Zinnkraut (tin herb), is a weed that indicates compacted soil and waterlogging. Horsetail is used as a plant protection and plant strengthening agent as well as in herbal medicine. Tin, however, is not found in this interesting herb.
Moths of the Cyana genus (Lithosiini, Arctiinae, Erebidae) pupate in a woven basket of the caterpillar's own body hairs rather than silk.
It is an open square mesh cage, constructed out of plucked larval hairs glued together with liquid silk. The pupa is suspended in the middle of the cage, equidistant from the sides, offering some protection from parasitoids/predation and waterlogging.
Pu'er, Yunnan, China
see comments for additional image (different individuals)...
© Md.Imran Hossain Khan (Imu)
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Ulmus minor (Ulmaceae ) 087 20
The field elm (Ulmus minor) is a fast-growing, medium-sized, deciduous tree found mainly in South European regions.
The wood of the field elm is of good quality, making it useful for furniture, flooring and firewood. It has excellent resistance to water decay, so its timber is also suitable for underwater constructions and for boatsshipbuilding.
The tree is riparian and usually found on the banks of smaller streams. It can reproduce by root suckers and is, like other pioneer species, light-demanding and fast-growing. It is tolerant towards stress factors, such as salty winds, waterlogging, drought and pollution. However, due to the elm disease, the population has been heavily reduced. Nevertheless, European elms, in general, are not considered endangered due to strong resistance and genetic variability in forest habitats.
Water logging in Chittagong |
The main roads of the city have been submerged in heavy rains, it is difficult to know which is the drain and which is the road. A gentleman is trying to get to safety with his wife.
The residents of different areas of Chittagong are very familiar with the problem of water logging during rainy season. A moderate to heavy rainfall is enough to inundate main roads, lanes and by-lanes of both old and new parts of the city.
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en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taxus_baccata
Taxus baccata is a conifer native to western, central and southern Europe, northwest Africa, northern Iran and southwest Asia.[1] It is the tree originally known as yew, though with other related trees becoming known, it may now be known as English yew, or European yew.
Taxonomy and naming
The word yew is from Proto-Germanic *īwa-, possibly originally a loanword from Gaulish *ivos, compare Irish ēo, Welsh ywen, French if (see Eihwaz for a discussion). Baccata is Latin for bearing red berries. The word yew as it was originally used seems to refer to the color brown.[2] The yew (μίλος) was known to Theophrastus, who noted its preference for mountain coolness and shade, its evergreen character and its slow growth.[3]
Most romance languages, with the notable exception of French, kept a version of the Latin word taxus (Italian tasso, Corsican tassu, Occitan teis, Catalan teix, Gasconic tech, Spanish tejo, Portuguese teixo, Galician teixo and Romanian tisă) from the same root as toxic. In Slavic languages, the same root is preserved: Russian tiss (тис), Slovakian tis, Slovenian tisa, Bosnian tisa (тиса). In Albanian it is named tis.
The common yew was one of the many species first described by Linnaeus. It is one of around 30 other conifer species in seven genera in the family Taxaceae, which is placed in the order Pinales.
Description
It is a small to medium-sized evergreen tree, growing 10–20 metres (33–66 ft) (exceptionally up to 28 metres (92 ft)) tall, with a trunk up to 2 metres (6 ft 7 in) (exceptionally 4 metres (13 ft)) diameter. The bark is thin, scaly brown, coming off in small flakes aligned with the stem. The leaves are flat, dark green, 1–4 centimetres (0.39–1.57 in) long and 2–3 millimetres (0.079–0.118 in) broad, arranged spirally on the stem, but with the leaf bases twisted to align the leaves in two flat rows either side of the stem, except on erect leading shoots where the spiral arrangement is more obvious. The leaves are poisonous.[1][4]
The seed cones are modified, each cone containing a single seed, which is 4–7 millimetres (0.16–0.28 in) long, and partly surrounded by a modified scale which develops into a soft, bright red berry-like structure called an aril. The aril is 8–15 millimetres (0.31–0.59 in) long and wide and open at the end. The arils mature 6 to 9 months after pollination, and with the seed contained, are eaten by thrushes, waxwings and other birds, which disperse the hard seeds undamaged in their droppings. Maturation of the arils is spread over 2 to 3 months, increasing the chances of successful seed dispersal. The seeds themselves are poisonous and bitter, but are opened and eaten by some bird species including hawfinches,[5] greenfinches and great tits.[6] The aril is not poisonous, but is gelatinous and very sweet tasting. The male cones are globose, 3–6 millimetres (0.12–0.24 in) diameter, and shed their pollen in early spring. The yew is mostly dioecious, but occasional individuals can be variably monoecious, or change sex with time.[1][4][7]
Longevity
Taxus baccata can reach 400 to 600 years of age. Some specimens live longer but the age of yews is often overestimated.[8] Ten yews in Britain are believed to predate the 10th century.[9] The potential age of yews is impossible to determine accurately and is subject to much dispute. There is rarely any wood as old as the entire tree, while the boughs themselves often become hollow with age, making ring counts impossible. There are claims as high as 5,000–9,500 years,[10] but other evidence based on growth rates and archaeological work of surrounding structures suggests the oldest trees (such as the Fortingall Yew in Perthshire, Scotland) are more likely to be in the range of 2,000 years.[11][12] Even with this lower estimate, Taxus baccata is one of the longest-living plants in Europe. One characteristic contributing to its longevity is that it is able to split under the weight of advanced growth without succumbing to disease in the fracture, as do most other trees. Another is its ability to give rise to new epicormic and basal shoots from cut surfaces and low on its trunk, even at an old age.
Significant trees
The Fortingall Yew in Perthshire, Scotland, has the largest recorded trunk girth in Britain and experts estimate it to be 2,000 to 3,000 years old, although it may be a remnant of a post-Roman Christian site and around 1,500 years old.[13] The Llangernyw Yew in Clwyd, Wales, can be found at an early saint site and is about 1,500 years old.[14] Other well known yews include the Ankerwycke Yew, the Balderschwang Yew, the Caesarsboom, the Florencecourt Yew, and the Borrowdale Fraternal Four, of which poet William Wordsworth wrote. The Kingley Vale National Nature Reserve in West Sussex has one of Europe's largest yew woodlands.
The oldest specimen in Spain is located in Bermiego, Asturias. It is known as Teixu l'Iglesia in the Asturian language. It stands 15 m (49 ft) tall with a trunk diameter of 6.82 m (22.4 ft) and a crown diameter of 15 m. It was declared a Natural Monument on April 27, 1995 by the Asturian Government and is protected by the Plan of Natural Resources.[15]
A unique forest formed by Taxus baccata and European box (Buxus sempervirens) lies within the city of Sochi, in the Western Caucasus.
Allergenic potential
Yews in this genus are primarily separate-sexed, and males are extremely allergenic, with an OPALS allergy scale rating of 10 out of 10. Completely female yews have an OPALS rating of 1, and are considered "allergy-fighting".[16] Male yews bloom and release abundant amounts of pollen in the spring; completely female yews only trap pollen while producing none.[16]
Toxicity
All parts of a yew plant are toxic to humans with the exception of the yew berries (however, their seeds are toxic); additionally, male and monoecious yews in this genus release cytotoxic pollen, which can cause headaches, lethargy, aching joints, itching, and skin rashes; it is also a trigger for asthma.[17][16] These pollen granules are extremely small, and can easily pass through window screens.[16]
The foliage itself remains toxic even when wilted, and toxicity increases in potency when dried.[18] Ingestion and subsequent excretion by birds whose beaks and digestive systems do not break down the seed's coating are the primary means of yew dispersal.[19] The major toxin within the yew is the alkaloid taxine.[20] Horses have a relatively low tolerance to taxine, with a lethal dose of 200–400 mg/kg body weight; cattle, pigs, and other livestock are only slightly less vulnerable.[21] Several studies[22] have found taxine LD50 values under 20 mg/kg in mice and rats.
Symptoms of yew poisoning include an accelerated heart rate, muscle tremors, convulsions, collapse, difficulty breathing, circulation impairment and eventually cardiac arrest. However, there may be no symptoms, and if poisoning remains undetected death may occur within hours.[23] Fatal poisoning in humans is very rare, usually occurring after consuming yew foliage. The leaves are more toxic than the seed.[20]
Uses and traditions
One of the world's oldest surviving wooden artifacts is a Clactonian yew[24] spear head, found in 1911 at Clacton-on-Sea, in Essex, UK. It is estimated to be about 450,000 years old.[25]
In the ancient Celtic world, the yew tree (*eburos) had extraordinary importance; a passage by Caesar narrates that Catuvolcus, chief of the Eburones poisoned himself with yew rather than submit to Rome (Gallic Wars 6: 31). Similarly, Florus notes that when the Cantabrians were under siege by the legate Gaius Furnius in 22 BC, most of them took their lives either by the sword, by fire, or by a poison extracted ex arboribus taxeis, that is, from the yew tree (2: 33, 50–51). In a similar way, Orosius notes that when the Astures were besieged at Mons Medullius, they preferred to die by their own swords or by the yew tree poison rather than surrender (6, 21, 1).
Religion
The yew is often found in churchyards in England, Wales, Scotland, Ireland, France and northern areas of Spain. In France, the oldest yew trees are almost all located in church yards of Normandy and a chapel was very often laid out in the hollow trunk. Some examples can be found in La Haye-de-Routot or La Lande-Patry. It is said that up to 40 people could stand inside one of the La-Haye-de-Routot yew trees and the Le Ménil-Ciboult yew is probably the largest one (13 m diameter[26]). Indeed, some of these trees are exceptionally large (over 5 m diameter) and may be over 2,000 years old. Sometimes monks planted yews in the middle of their cloister, as at Muckross Abbey (Ireland) or abbaye de Jumièges (France). Some ancient yew trees are located at St Mary the Virgin Church, Overton-on-Dee in Wales.
In Asturian tradition and culture the yew tree has had a real link with the land, the people, the ancestors and the ancient religion. It was tradition on All Saints Day to bring a branch of a yew tree to the tombs of those who had died recently so they will find the guide in their return to the Land of Shadows. The yew tree has been found near chapels, churches and cemeteries since ancient times[citation needed] as a symbol of the transcendence of death, and is usually found in the main squares of the villages where people celebrated the open councils that served as a way of general assembly to rule the village affairs.
It has been suggested that the Sacred Tree at the Temple at Uppsala was an ancient yew tree.[27][28] The Christian church commonly found it expedient to take over existing pre-Christian sacred sites for churches. It has also been suggested that yews were planted at religious sites as their long life was suggestive of eternity, or because being toxic they were seen as trees of death.[29] Another suggested explanation is that yews were planted to discourage farmers and drovers from letting animals wander onto the burial grounds, the poisonous foliage being the disincentive. A further possible reason is that fronds and branches of yew were often used as a substitute for palms on Palm Sunday.[29][30][31]
In traditional Germanic paganism, Yggdrasill was often seen as a giant ash tree.[citation needed] Many scholars now agree that in the past an error has been made in the interpretation of the ancient writings, and that the tree is most likely a European yew (Taxus baccata). This mistake would find its origin in an alternative word for the yew tree in the Old Norse, namely needle ash (barraskr). In addition, ancient sources, including the Eddas, speak about a vetgrønster vida which means "evergreen tree". An ash sheds its leaves in the winter, while yew trees retain their needles.
Conifers were in the past often seen as sacred, because they never lose their green. In addition, the tree of life was not only an object from the stories, but also believers often gathered around an existing tree. The yew releases gaseous toxins (taxine) on hot days. Taxine is in some instances capable of causing hallucinations. This has some similarities with the story that Odin had a revelation (the wisdom of the runes) after having been hanging from the tree for nine days.[citation needed]
Medicines
In 1021, Avicenna introduced the medicinal use of T. baccata for phytotherapy in The Canon of Medicine. He named this herbal drug "Zarnab" and used it as a cardiac remedy. This was the first known use of a calcium channel blocker drug, which were not in wide use in the Western world until the 1960s.[32]
Certain compounds found in the bark of yew trees were discovered by Wall and Wani in 1967 to have efficacy as anti-cancer agents. The precursors of the chemotherapy drug paclitaxel (taxol) can be synthesized easily from the extracts of the leaves of European yew,[33] which is a more renewable source than the bark of the Pacific yew (Taxus brevifolia). This ended a point of conflict in the early 1990s; many environmentalists, including Al Gore, had opposed the harvesting of yew for paclitaxel cancer treatments. Docetaxel can then be obtained by semi-synthetic conversion from the precursors.
In the Central Himalayas, the plant is used as a treatment for breast and ovarian cancer.[34]
Woodworking and longbows
Wood from the yew is classified as a closed-pore softwood, similar to cedar and pine. Easy to work, yew is among the hardest of the softwoods; yet it possesses a remarkable elasticity, making it ideal for products that require springiness, such as bows.[35]
Yew is also associated with Wales and England because of the longbow, an early weapon of war developed in northern Europe, and as the English longbow the basis for a medieval tactical system. The oldest surviving yew longbow was found at Rotten Bottom in Dumfries and Galloway, Scotland. It has been given a calibrated radiocarbon date of 4040 BC to 3640 BC and is on display in the National Museum of Scotland. Yew is the wood of choice for longbow making; the heartwood is always on the inside of the bow with the sapwood on the outside. This makes most efficient use of their properties as heartwood is best in compression whilst sapwood is superior in tension. However, much yew is knotty and twisted, and therefore unsuitable for bowmaking; most trunks do not give good staves and even in a good trunk much wood has to be discarded.
The trade of yew wood to England for longbows was so robust that it depleted the stocks of good-quality, mature yew over a vast area. The first documented import of yew bowstaves to England was in 1294. In 1350 there was a serious shortage, and Henry IV of England ordered his royal bowyer to enter private land and cut yew and other woods. In 1423 the Polish king commanded protection of yews in order to cut exports, facing nearly complete destruction of local yew stock.[36] In 1470 compulsory archery practice was renewed, and hazel, ash, and laburnum were specifically allowed for practice bows. Supplies still proved insufficient, until by the Statute of Westminster in 1472, every ship coming to an English port had to bring four bowstaves for every tun.[37] Richard III of England increased this to ten for every tun. This stimulated a vast network of extraction and supply, which formed part of royal monopolies in southern Germany and Austria. In 1483, the price of bowstaves rose from two to eight pounds per hundred, and in 1510 the Venetians would only sell a hundred for sixteen pounds. In 1507 the Holy Roman Emperor asked the Duke of Bavaria to stop cutting yew, but the trade was profitable, and in 1532 the royal monopoly was granted for the usual quantity "if there are that many." In 1562, the Bavarian government sent a long plea to the Holy Roman Emperor asking him to stop the cutting of yew, and outlining the damage done to the forests by its selective extraction, which broke the canopy and allowed wind to destroy neighbouring trees. In 1568, despite a request from Saxony, no royal monopoly was granted because there was no yew to cut, and the next year Bavaria and Austria similarly failed to produce enough yew to justify a royal monopoly. Forestry records in this area in the 17th century do not mention yew, and it seems that no mature trees were to be had. The English tried to obtain supplies from the Baltic, but at this period bows were being replaced by guns in any case.[38]
Horticulture
Today European yew is widely used in landscaping and ornamental horticulture. Due to its dense, dark green, mature foliage, and its tolerance of even very severe pruning, it is used especially for formal hedges and topiary. Its relatively slow growth rate means that in such situations it needs to be clipped only once per year (in late summer).
Well over 200 cultivars of T. baccata have been named. The most popular of these are the Irish yew (T. baccata 'Fastigiata'), a fastigiate cultivar of the European yew selected from two trees found growing in Ireland, and the several cultivars with yellow leaves, collectively known as "golden yew".[4][7] In some locations, e.g. when hemmed in by buildings or other trees, an Irish yew can reach 20 feet in height without exceeding 2 feet in diameter at its thickest point, although with age many Irish yews assume a fat cigar shape rather than being truly columnar.
The following cultivars have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit:-
T. baccata
'Fastigiata'
'Fastigiata Aureomarginata'
'Repandens'
'Repens Aurea'
'Semperaurea'
'Standishii'
European yew will tolerate growing in a wide range of soils and situations, including shallow chalk soils and shade,[46] although in deep shade its foliage may be less dense. However it cannot tolerate waterlogging, and in poorly-draining situations is liable to succumb to the root-rotting pathogen Phytophthora cinnamomi.
In Europe, Taxus baccata grows naturally north to Molde in southern Norway, but it is used in gardens further north. It is also popular as a bonsai in many parts of Europe and makes a handsome small to large sized bonsai.[47]
Musical instruments
The late Robert Lundberg, a noted luthier who performed extensive research on historical lute-making methodology, states in his 2002 book Historical Lute Construction that yew was historically a prized wood for lute construction. European legislation establishing use limits and requirements for yew limited supplies available to luthiers, but it was apparently as prized among medieval, renaissance, and baroque lute builders as Brazilian rosewood is among contemporary guitar-makers for its quality of sound and beauty.
Conservation
Clippings from ancient specimens in the UK, including the Fortingall Yew, were taken to the Royal Botanic Gardens in Edinburgh to form a mile-long hedge. The purpose of this "Yew Conservation Hedge Project" is to maintain the DNA of Taxus baccata. The species is threatened by felling, partly due to rising demand from pharmaceutical companies, and disease.[48]
Bridge 15 on the South Staffordshire Railway, immediately north of the former Dudley Port Low Level station site.
The view could almost be of a canal rather than a railway. This section of line was prone to waterlogging when open and 27 years' worth of dead leaves have clogged the drainage completely.
The flooding has been worse since the line was clear of vegetation a couple of years ago - again probably due to the clearance causing more clogged drainage. The trees, shrubs, mosses and lichen probably also sucked up a fair amount of water.
A comparison from three years before shows the difference:
Water logging is a curse for any city or country.The people of Chittagong want to get rid of this curse.The city experiences waterlogging during the rainy season every year.Unclean drainage is the main cause of this waterlogging.Due to this waterlogging, human life becomes very narrow.It's difficult to identify which is drain and which is road.
Eigentlich besteht die Westerwälder Seenplatte aus sieben, über 300 Jahre alten großen Teichen. 2017 hat ein eingewanderter Biber (Castor fiber) in einer Bachbrache an der Westerwälder Seenplatte einen neuen, "8. Weiher" angestaut. Im zweiten Jahr wird bereits der, aus der Vernässung resultierende Zuwachs der Artenvielfalt deutlich. Zwergtaucher, Stockente, Blässhuhn, Rohrammer oder rastende Kraniche stehen symbolisch für den Gewinn an Biodiversität und Lebensquaität. Leider nehmen nur wenige Menschen diesen Gewinn wahr, so dass wegen wenigen Metern vernässtem Feldweg über einen Eingriff in den Staudamm und damit wohl der endgültigen Zerrstörung dieses kleinen Wunders nachgedacht wird.
Actually, the Westerwald Lake District consists of seven, more than 300 years old large ponds. In 2017, an immigrant beaver (Castor fiber) in a brook fallow on the Westerwald Lake Plateau has accumulated a new "8th pond". In the second year, the increase in biodiversity resulting from waterlogging becomes clear. Little Grebe, mallard, coot, reed bunting or resting cranes symbolize the benefits of biodiversity and quality of life. Unfortunately, only a few people perceive this profit, so that because of a few meters of wet dirt road over an intervention in the dam and thus probably the final distortion of this little miracle is being considered.
Bangladeshi boy Nazim, 10 years old, removes labels and caps from plastic bottles as he works at a recycling factory in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Sustainable management of plastic will be crucial for Bangladesh to tackle the increasing plastic pollution and ensure green growth,Given the reservations posed mainly by their harmful effects on human health. recycled leaves the bulk of the harmful stuff to cause environmental degradation, soil erosion, waterlogging and so on. The study, however, mentions that with the facilities and technology currently available in the country, 40 per cent of the waste material could be recycled.Plastic products, no doubt, constitute one of the most flourishing sectors of the global economy
After the dike rings in the Maas and Waal lands were closed (around the year 1300), waterlogging had to be dug so that the land could drain. De Oude Wetering was the first. To serve many village polders, weteringen followed its boundaries. Side and rear quays present on those boundaries were then integrated into the filling of the wetering. This is how the Oude Wetering was created.
Often the quays along the wetering were still accompanied by one or more draft locks of the adjacent polders. At Oude Wetering, the image of two parallel waterways was created, separated by a wall. There was a path on the shore, over which the dike grave led the chimney. The rampart was also used for grazing.
Length
The wetting was long to discharge as far downstream as possible to the river, where the river water level was lower. The water of the Oude Wetering flows, via other wetlands, only between Alphen and Dreumel in the Maas.
Water quality
When digging the weteringen, apart from water management, attention was paid to water quality. The rampart of the Oude Wetering near Beuningen first functioned as a rear quay for Beuningen, Ewijk and Winssen. He prevented water from the wild basin area on the south side from mixing with the drainage of the Oude Wetering. The water from the bottoms of the Teerse pants between Wijchen and Dukenburg / Hatert was ferruginous, peaty and skimpy. If that Teerse water (tar = terre, tar, dirt) had been on the field for months, it would have ruined the farmland at Beuningen, Ewijk and Winssen. The Oude Wetering rampart turned that water and made sure that the villages were not bothered by it.
Water storage
Conditions changed when the rugged basin grounds south of the Oude Wetering were reclaimed. To protect it against the Teerse water, a wall was laid along the meanwhile dug Nieuwe Wetering. A large water storage area was created between the walls along Oude and Nieuwe Wetering.
Please view in large pressing "L"
The rivers of Bangladesh mark both the physiography of the nation and the life of the people. About 700 in number, these rivers generally flow south.
The larger rivers serve as the main source of water for cultivation and as the principal arteries of commercial transportation. Rivers also provide fish, an important source of protein.
Flooding of the rivers during the monsoon season causes enormous hardship and hinders development, but fresh deposits of rich silt replenish the fertile but overworked soil. The rivers also drain excess monsoon rainfall into the Bay of Bengal. Thus, the great river system is at the same time the country's principal resource and its greatest hazard.
The profusion of rivers can be divided into five major networks. The Jamuna-Brahmaputra is 292 kilometers long and extends from northern Bangladesh to its confluence with the Padma. Originating as the Yarlung Zangbo Jiang in China's Xizang Autonomous Region (Tibet) and flowing through India's state of Arunachal Pradesh, where it becomes known as the Brahmaputra ("Son of Brahma"), it receives waters from five major tributaries that total some 740 kilometers in length. At the point where the Brahmaputra meets the Tista River in Bangladesh, it becomes known as the Jamuna. The Jamuna is notorious for its shifting subchannels and for the formation of fertile silt islands (chars). No permanent settlements can exist along its banks.
The second system is the Padma-Ganges, which is divided into two sections: a 258-kilometer segment, the Ganges, which extends from the western border with India to its confluence with the Jamuna some 72 kilometers west of Dhaka, and a 126-kilometer segment, the Padma, which runs from the Ganges-Jamuna confluence to where it joins the Meghna River at Chandpur. The Padma-Ganges is the central part of a deltaic river system with hundreds of rivers and streams—some 2,100 kilometers in length—flowing generally east or west into the Padma.
The third network is the Surma-Meghna River System, which courses from the northeastern border with India to Chandpur, where it joins the Padma. The Surma-Meghna, at 669 kilometers by itself the longest river in Bangladesh, is formed by the union of six lesser rivers. Below the city of Kalipur it is known as the Meghna.
When the Padma and Meghna join together, they form the fourth river system—the Padma-Meghna—which flows 145 kilometers to the Bay of Bengal.
This mighty network of four river systems flowing through the Bangladesh Plain drains an area of some 1.5 million square kilometers. The numerous channels of the Padma-Meghna, its distributaries, and smaller parallel rivers that flow into the Bay of Bengal are referred to as the Mouths of the Ganges. Like the Jamuna, the Padma-Meghna and other estuaries on the Bay of Bengal are also known for their many chars.
A fifth river system, unconnected to the other four, is the Karnaphuli. Flowing through the region of Chittagong and the Chittagong Hills, it cuts across the hills and runs rapidly downhill to the west and southwest and then to the sea. The Feni, Karnaphuli, Sangu, and Matamuhari—an aggregate of some 420 kilometers—are the main rivers in the region. The port of Chittagong is situated on the banks of the Karnaphuli. The Karnaphuli Reservoir and Karnaphuli Dam are located in this area. The dam impounds the Karnaphuli River's waters in the reservoir for the generation of hydroelectric power.
During the annual monsoon period, the rivers of Bangladesh flow at about 140,000 cubic meters per second, but during the dry period they diminish to 7,000 cubic meters per second. Because water is so vital to agriculture, more than 60 % of the net arable land, some 91,000 km², is cultivated in the rainy season despite the possibility of severe flooding, and nearly 40 % of the land is cultivated during the dry winter months. Water resources development has responded to this "dual water regime" by providing flood protection, drainage to prevent overflooding and waterlogging, and irrigation facilities for the expansion of winter cultivation.
Major water control projects have been developed by the national government to provide irrigation, flood control, drainage facilities, aids to river navigation and road construction, and hydroelectric power. In addition, thousands of tube wells and electric pumps are used for local irrigation. Despite severe resource constraints, the government of Bangladesh has made it a policy to try to bring additional areas under irrigation without salinity intrusion.
...and the course was half closed, only the second nine open due to waterlogging. So we had two go's at the second nine. Happy New Year!
This appears to be **Tradescantia zebrina** (synonym: _Zebrina pendula_), commonly called the “silver inch plant” or (less preferred) “wandering Jew.”
Here’s a detailed description and notes:
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Identification & Key Features
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Leaves are elongated-ovate, with two broad silvery or whitish stripes on the upper surface and a mix of green to purple tones between stripes. The underside is typically deep magenta / purple.
| Leaf Surface & Texture | Smooth, somewhat glossy; sometimes tiny hairs along margins.
| Growth Habit | Creeping trailing stems that root at nodes when touching soil. It can form dense mats or hang over edges in containers.
| Flowers | Inconspicuous, small, three-petaled, rose-pink to lavender, located in leaf axils. Often not very showy indoors.
| Native Range / Habitat | Native to Mexico, Central America, and Colombia. In its native or favorable climates it may naturalize.
| Synonyms / Common Names | Formerly _Zebrina pendula_. Common names include silver inch plant, wandering Jew (less used now), wandering dude.
Ecological / Cultivation
Notes & Care
* **Light**: Prefers bright, indirect light. In strong direct sun, the variegation may bleach or fade; under low light, the colors may become muted.
* **Soil & Moisture**: Likes well-draining soil. Water when the top soil is slightly dry; avoid waterlogging.
* **Temperature / Hardiness**:
Not frost-tolerant. It’s grown indoors or as an annual in cooler climates. Outdoors only in zones ~9–11.
* **Propagation**: Easy via stem cuttings. Nodes root readily.
* **Behavior / Invasiveness**: In favorable climates it can become invasive, spreading via rooted stems.
* **Caution**: Its sap is watery and may irritate skin in sensitive individuals.