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The Black Sand Beach in Vik, iceland with a view of the Three Trolls. This is on the Ring Road. #Iceland #BlackSandBeach #Vik #SouthCoast #ThreeTrolls
Reynisfjara, Vik, Southern Region, Iceland
The three basalt sea stacks off the coast of the village of Vík í Mýrdal, southern Iceland, are known as Reynisdrangar. Icelandic folklore is replete with tales of aquatic monsters, elves and trolls. Here, the tale goes that two trolls were trying to drag a three-masted ship to shore but got caught when the sun came up and so turned into stone. This photograph, from August 2016, shows Iceland’s summer at its most changeable; one wonders how long the Trolls will survive the North Atlantic winds.
No. 3 - 4 Momentoes from my visit to Sweden - Göteborg (Gothenburg)
A TROLL
- is a member of a race of fearsome creatures from Norse mythology.
Nordic art, music and literature:
Edvard Grieg, a prominent Norwegian composer of the later 19th century, wrote several pieces on trolls, including a score based on Henrik Ibsen's Peer Gynt, with the famous In the Hall of the Mountain King, and March Of The Trolls (Troldtog). Regarding his motivations, Grieg wrote: "The peculiar in life was what made me wild and mad...dwarf power and untamed wildness...audacious and bizarre fantasy." Grieg's former home, Troldhaugen ("The Troll's Hill"), is now a museum.
# Edvard Grieg Biography. Listen to Classical Music by Edvard Grieg
# ^ Classical Music Reviews | February 1st - 7th, 2008 CD DVD reviews
Like Grieg, conductor Johan Halvorsen was a nationalist Norwegian composer. He wrote, The Princess and the Giant Troll, The Trolls enter the Blue Mountain, and Dance of the Little Trolls.
Geirr Tveitt was heavily influenced by Grieg's romanticism and cultural exploration of Scandinavian folklore and Norwegian folk-music.
Tveitt's Troll Tunes, includes works such as Troll-Tuned Hardanger Fiddle, and The Boy With The Troll-Treasure. Tragically, 80% of Tveitt's oeuvre was destroyed in a fire.
Few Norwegian illustrators or painters have managed to capture these strange creatures and the enchanted atmosphere of Norwegian nature on paper and canvas as successfully as Theodor Kittelsen. Kittelsen's art and artistic use of the medium of drawing, with black and white extremities and scales of gray in between, are in a class of their own in Norwegian art. Theodor Kittelsen was fascinated by this shadowy world populated by supernatural siren beings and spirits. Walking in the forests and fields, he could see them everywhere: in the mists over the marches, in the twilight surrounding fallen pine trunks and in the dripping fir trees on rainy days.
In Swedish children's literature, trolls are not naturally evil, but primitive and misunderstood. Their misdeeds are due to a combination of basic and common human traits, such as envy, pride, greed, naïveté, ignorance and stupidity. In some early 20th century fairy tales, by Elsa Beskow, trolls are also depicted as an aboriginal race of hunters and gatherers who are fleeing the encroaching human civilization. Where man makes a road, the trolls disappear.
Young Scandinavian children usually understand the concept of trolls, and a way to teach children to brush their teeth is to tell them to get rid of the very small "tooth trolls" that otherwise will make holes in their teeth. This is a pedagogic device used to explain bacteria by the Norwegian author Thorbjørn Egner in his story Karius and Baktus.
The Swedish-speaking Finnish author Tove Jansson has reached a worldwide audience with her Moomintrolls.
There is some speculation that the famous story Rumpelstiltskin originated from a troll folk tale which bears many similarities. While the original story of the troll involves a preacher contracting a troll to build a church as opposed to a woman needing to spin straw into gold, the central element of a bargain which is satisfied by guessing the name of the involved party, and the subsequent death of the troll or being whose name is guessed is central to both stories.
All the music of folk metal bands Finntroll and Trollfest are based on Trolls, presented as a naturalist, alcohol-loving and viciously anti-Christian and anti-human race.
Proposed Origins of the Myth
A possible explanation for the troll myth is that the trolls represent the remains of the forefather-cult which was ubiquitous in Scandinavia until the introduction of Christianity in the 10th and 11th centuries. In this cult the forefathers were worshipped in sacred groves, by altars or by gravemounds. One of the customs associated with this practice was to sit on top of a gravemound at night, possibly in order to make contact with the deceased. With the introduction of Christianity however, the religious tended to demonize the pagan cult, and denounced the forefathers as evil. For instance, according to Magnus Håkonsen's laws from 1276 it is illegal to attempt to wake the "mound-dwellers". It is in these laws that the word troll appears for the first time, denoting something heathen and generally unfavourable.
This fits with the trolls in Norse sagas who are often the restless dead,
to be wrestled with or otherwise laid to rest.
Wikipedia - description begun under 1 - 4 now ended under 3 - 4.
However these are only three parts of a website "Troll". I would strongly recommend that you check the whole article out as it holds much of interest on this subject.
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No. 2 - 4 Momentoes from my visit to Sweden - Göteborg (Gothenburg)
A TROLL
- is a member of a race of fearsome creatures from Norse mythology.
Scandinavian folklore
History
- the usage of the word troll has developed over time. It might have had the original meaning of supernatural or magical with an overlay of malignant and perilous. Another likely suggestion is that it means "someone who behaves violently". In old Swedish law, trolleri was a particular kind of magic intended to do harm]. It should also be noted that North Germanic terms such as trolldom (witchcraft) and trolla/trylle (perform magic tricks) in modern Scandinavian languages does not imply any connection with the mythical being. Moreover, in the sources for Norse mythology, troll can signify any uncanny being, including but not restricted to the Norse giants (jötnar).
In Skáldskaparmál, the poet Bragi Boddason encounters a troll-woman who hails him with this verse (in Old Norse):
Troll kalla mik
tungl sjötrungnis,
auðsug jötuns,
élsólar böl,
vilsinn völu,
vörð náfjarðar,
hvélsvelg himins –
hvat's troll nema þat?
- "Bragi & Tröllkona: Lausavísur". www.hi.is/~eybjorn/ugm/skindex/bragilv2.html.
They call me Troll;
Gnawer of the Moon,
Giant of the Gale-blasts,
Curse of the rain-hall,
Companion of the Sibyl,
Nightroaming hag,
Swallower of the loaf of heaven.
What is a Troll but that?
"Traces of the Norse Mythology in the Isle of Man, by P,M.C. Kermode [1904]". sacred-texts.com. www.sacred-texts.com/neu/celt/tnm/tnm02.htm.
The ambiguous original meaning of the word troll appears to have lived on for some time after the Old Norse literature was documented. This can be seen in terms such as sjötrollet (the sea troll) as a synonym for havsmannen (the sea man) – a protective spirit of the sea and a sort of male counterpart to the female sjörå.
There are many places in Scandinavia that are named after trolls, such as the Swedish town Trollhättan (Troll's bonnet) and the legendary mountain Trollkyrka (Troll church). The most famous in Norway are Trollfjorden, Trollheimen, Trollhetta, Trollstigen, Trolltindan and Trollveggen.
The Jætte Trolls
Two gradually developing main traditions regarding the use of troll can be discerned. In the first tradition, the troll is large, brutish and a direct descendant from the Norse jötnar. They are often described as ugly or having beastly features like tusks or cyclopic eyes. This is the tradition which has come to dominate fairy tales and legends, but it is also the prominent concept of troll in Norway. As a general rule, what would be called a "troll" in Norway would in Denmark and Sweden be a "giant" (jætte or jätte, related to jötunn/jotunn in Jotunheimen).
In some Norwegian accounts, such as the Middle-Age ballade Åsmund Frægdegjevar, the trolls live in a far northern land called Trollebotten – the concept and location of which seems to coincide with the Old Norse Jötunheimr.
Wikipedia - description begun under 1 - 4 now to be continued under the 3 - 4.
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