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TAXONOMY
Phylum: Heterokontophyta
Class: Phaeophyceae
Order: Laminariales
Family: Laminariaceae
Genus/species. Macrocystis pyrifera
GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS: Stout holdfast attaches to solid substrate to anchor its long, limber stipes (central stalks) and deeply incised blades. Held upright by gas-filled bladders at the base of blades, kelp fronds grow straight up to the surface,
DISTRIBUTION/ HABITAT: North Atlantic and northern Pacific;
also the Mediterranean Sea and off Brazil. Kelp Forest in general to 100 ft to 175 ft. The water depth zone is often known as the Laminaria zone.
They can grow at a rate of 0.6 metres (2 ft) a day to reach over 45 metres (148 ft) long in one growing season.
REPRODUCTION; Drifting M. pyrifera sporophytes (kelp rafts) are created following sporophyte detachment from benthic substrates. Kept afloat by numerous pneumatocysts (gas-filled bladders), M. pyrifera sporophytes may remain alive and adrift for more than 100 days. the reproductive longevity of drifting M. pyrifera sporophytes is long enough to support effective long-distance dispersal of over 1000 km (620 miles).
LIFESPAN: Five years.
REMARKS: Giant kelp forests are home to many marine species who depend upon the kelp directly for food and shelter, or indirectly as a hunting ground for prey. Invertebrates graze on the blades, fish seek shelter in the fronds and thousands of invertebrates such as brittle stars, sea stars, anemones, sponges and tunicates live in the holdfast. In addition sea otters wrap up in a kelp frond to keep from drifting away when sleeping.
Tidepool and Water Planet Moving
References
California Academy of Sciences Steinhart Aquarium Water Planet
Moving 2017
Encyclopedia of Life eol.org/pages/906815/details
artis 3000U A3+ LED UV desktop printer is great for medium business runners, offering best color performances. It is instantly drying the inks directly on any kind of phone case material such as electroplated phone case printing, TPU phone case printing, acrylic phone case printing, leather phone cover printing, white substrate printing, customized transparent phone cases printing and other phone cases types you can think of for printing.
Since the OSHW logo printed well on cloth, I took the next step and printed a jointed, finger on a cloth substrate.
Photos from substrate placement at the Fort Wayne reef restoration site on the Detroit River, 2018. Photo credit: Joseph G. Bailey Great Lakes Dock and Materials; L.L.C.
Since the OSHW logo printed well on cloth, I took the next step and printed a jointed, finger on a cloth substrate.
Quartz sandstone substrate in Ausable Chasm. Seeking IDs on any and all; the big brown ones seems to be rock tripe, Umbilicaria sp.
A member of the space crop production team pours substrate and controlled release fertilizer into a Veggie plant pillow on Thursday, May 29, 2025, inside the Space Systems Processing Facility at NASA’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida. The plant pillows, along with Veg-03 MNO seed films, which will carry seeds of Red Russian kale, Wasabi mustard greens, and Dragoon lettuce, are set to fly aboard NASA’s SpaceX Crew-11 mission to the International Space Station to grow in the space environment to study how microgravity impacts crop development compared to ground-grown plants. Seed films enable seed handling and planting of seeds into plant pillows allowing for astronaut choice of crops to grow. Plants can provide whole food nutrition, improve menu variety, and positively impact behavioral health of astronauts on long duration missions to the Moon and Mars and space crop research aboard the orbiting laboratory is enabled by NASA’s Biological and Physical Sciences Division and the International Space Station Program. Photo credit: NASA/Cory Huston
NASA image use policy.