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North River, Washington State. Red Alder, Alnus rubra, bark is substrate to a colorful community of corticolous mosses, liverworts and lichens, and to the orange (carotenoids) Green algae Trentepohlia (see following 3 images). (Trentepohlia also is found within some lichens as a photobiont.) Air pollution is detrimental to many species (see preceeding image).
Lichens commonly occurring on trees like this include species of Lecanora, Ochrolechia, Pertusaria, Thelotrema and Hypogymnia. Out here, near the coast, Meneganzzia sublimilis is also common. See: www.flickr.com/photos/29750062@N06/3104814211
Also see: www.flickr.com/photos/29750062@N06/3636248751 and www.flickr.com/photos/29750062@N06/3057840690 p24 www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/69375739/69375739p21-54.pdf
my lichen photos by genus - www.flickr.com/photos/29750062@N06/collections/7215762439...
my photos arranged by subject, e.g. mountains - www.flickr.com/photos/29750062@N06/collections
Matted green substrates with imbedded and surface copper traces running in irregular but purposefully engineered patterns, the delicate complexity of computer motherboards.
NOAA scientific diver Brian Hauk photographs the bottom at 250 feet at Pearl and Hermes Atoll. The photographs will be analyzed to document coverage of the bottom by deep-water corals and algae. Hauk is surrounded by a school of thicklipped jack / lehe (Pseudocaranx cheilio). Photo by: NOAA and Richard Pyle/Bishop Museum, September 2014
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When starting a planted aquarium layout - the substrate ("gravel") system is very important. At the very start of the layering process is Tourmaline BC and Bacter 100. Bacter 100 contains more than 100 kinds of substrate bacteria in a dormant state that are beneficial to plants and the whole system. It can also be used to as a treatment for green algae. Tourmaline BC contains fine bamboo charcoal and helps absorb organic pollutants in the substrate.
Dimmable LED Light Bulb Ceramics Substrate COB Technology - Core Advantages
•Warm, pleasant white light.
•Energy-efficient and eco-friendly.
•Lasts 25 times longer than incandescent bulbs
•Contains no mercury or lead.
•Emits no harmful UV radiation.
•Generates virtually no heat
•Turns on instantly, without flickering.
The perfect energy-efficient, eco-friendly and safe replacement LED light bulb for indoor task and accent lighting.
Description Safety Savings Light Quality Specifications The Dimmable led Light bulb casts warm white light, bright enough to be used for replacement of up to 40W compact fluorescent and incandescent light bulbs in directional lighting applications, such as task lights or accent lights to compliment ambient illumination.
Clear Super is a substrate additive made from activated carbon and organic acid. It aids in the growth of micro-organisms. It essentially acts as a food source for beneficial bacteria, and thus is very important with Bacter 100.
Wood substrate with mosaic of stained glass, beads, Van Gogh mirror. Mask is mounted and covered in a mosaic of glass fusings,beads,ball chain,seed beads and shells.
Carbon nanotubes(CNTs) were grown on SiO2/Si substrate using self designed rapid thermal chemical vapour deposition (RTCVD) with an electric feed through. Iron film used as a catalyst with 3.0 nm thickness was sputtered on the SiO2/Si substrate.
Courtesy of prabhash Mishra
Image Details
Instrument used: Nova NanoSEM Family
Magnification: 160,000
Horizontal Field Width: 1.87
Vacuum: 0.500687
Voltage: 15
Spot: 2.0
Working Distance: 4.9
Detector: SE(Helix)
I have turned the vase upside down and with the large saucer now on top it is transformed into a bird bath. www.flickr.com/groups/mosaicchallenge/
My aquarium filled up with my DIY background and substrate. The substrate is 10 parts quikrete commercial grade medium sand mixed with 1 part black S grade colorquartz.
An ultimate Kurdish origin of Zoroastrian identity (at 0.5x rate), which confirms the theory of Kurdic (non-Iranic substrate) origin of the Yana Rhinoceros (ANS) component, whose origins go back to a Vestonice-Krems cluster in the Balkans (early offshoots of Ahmarian culture). This also explains the Zoroastrian fire-cult among Yakutians Kryashen Tatars and Uyghurs, general Kurdic-Turkic look alikes and Yezidi-Kurdic faces among Turkmens and Uzbeks. A very unique and ancient look of the Ahmarian culture.
Kurdish (non-Iranic) identity prior to Iranianization:
*www.scirp.org/journal/paperinformation.aspx?paperid=49273 (dx.doi.org/10.4236/aa.2014.43021)
* www.scirp.org/journal/paperinformation.aspx?paperid=19564 (dx.doi.org/10.4236/aa.2012.22008)
by Ferdinand Hennerbichler.
“The Kurds speak an Altaic Iranian language which differs from the Altaic language of the Turks ...” (source: Hans Goebl, Peter H. Nelde, Zdenek Stary, Wolfgang Woelck. "Kontaktlinguistik/Contact Linguistics/Linguistique de Contact: Ein Internationales Handbuch Zeitgenoessischer Forschung/An International Handbook of Contemporary Research/Manuel International Des Recherches Contemporaines". V. Grundbegriffe der Kontaktlinguistik: Erik Allardt, Helsinki (Finland), Dominant Autochtonous Groups, pp.342-351. Walter de Gruyter 1996. p.344.
books.google.com/books?id=rTkSgfMPiZwC&pg=PA344)
Indo-European ergativity explained: "Because these categories are both overlapping and partially contradictory, some classifications turn out very odd. So is, e.g., Tibetan agglutinative but has Ablaut (apophony) like fusional languages (ex.: Engl. sing – sang – sung), but unlike fusional languages, Tibetan is ergative-absolutive. Verb-initial word order structures (e.g., VSO) are typical for Semitic languages (yet except Akkadian and Rhaetic), but Old Irish (Indo-European) also follows this type (and clearly not under Semitic influence). Most ergative languages are agglutinative and thus do not belong to the Indo-European languages, but Hindi, Punjabi, Kurdish and Ossetic are ergative and nevertheless Indo-European, although they are also characterized by fusion. On the other side, the “hyperflexive” Caucasian languages are not fusional, but agglutinative, etc. Common sense in comparative linguistics is still that there is no need for typologically related languages to be also genetically related and vice versa. The basic reason is the assumption that languages may change their typological structure: “Wir neigen also zur Annahme, dass der indogermanische Sprachbau auf dem Wege der Überwindung eines primitiven flektierenden Typus entstanden ist, ohne jedoch den höher entwickelten agglutinierenden Typus erreicht zu haben/We thus tend to assume that the structure of the Indo-European languages originated in overcoming a primitive flective type, but without ever having reached the more highly developed agglutinative type” (Trubetzkoy 1939, p. 89)." -> www.federatio.org/mi_bibl/AlfredToth_Agglutinative.pdf
"The ergative orientation of the larger group of verbal nouns might be explained by the assumption that Proto-Turkic was, at some earlier stage, a language of the ergative type." (source: Old Turkic Word Formation: A Functional Approach to the Lexicon, Volumes 1-2, by Marcel Erdal) -> books.google.com/books?id=1r6EeUA2s8oC&pg=PA169 / turkoloji.cu.edu.tr/ESKI%20TURK%20DILI/mehmet_olmez_Erdal...
Close up shot of my substrate mix of 10 parts quikrete commercial grade medium sand mixed with 1 part black S grade colorquartz.
Color of Life note: The California halibut demonstrates a well-camouflaged fish using cryptic coloration on the sandy substrate. The chromatophores in the skin change its color and patterning to match its environment.
TAXAONMY
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes)
Order: Pleuronectiformes (flat-fishes)
Family: Paralichthyidae (large-tooth flounders)
Genus/species; Paralichthys californicus
GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS: They are large, oval-shaped flatfish. with small heads, large mouths, small eyes set wide apart. Their lateral line appears as a high arch above the pectoral fin. Many of these fish are right eyed even though they are members of the left-eyed family. They may grow to 1.5 m (5 feet) in length and weigh 32 kg (72 pounds).
DISTRIBUTION/HABITAT: Northern Washington to southern Baja California, though less common north of San Francisco Bay. P. californicus are found on sandy bottoms to a depth of 183 m along the shore, near rocks and in bays and estuaries.
DIET IN THE WILD: Like flatfish in general, is an ambush predator, using its large, powerful caudal fin to accelerate off of the substrate when prey such as other fishes or squid venture near. Juveniles (less than 55 mm) feed mainly on small crustaceans, such as harpacticoid copepods, small gammarid amphipods, and mysid shrimps.
MORTALITY/LONGEVITY: They may live as long as 30 years but are subject to predation by sea lions, sharks, rays and dolphins.
REPRODUCTION: Females can reproduce at 4-5 years and males at 2-3 years. California halibut are broadcast spawners in shallow waters of coastal areas. Their eggs are fertilized externally. In the larval form flatfish are bilaterally symmetrical and swim upright, as do other fishes, but at about 13 days one eye begins to migrate to the other side of the head. By the time the juvenile is about 8 mm, it has turned on its side.
LONGEVITY: Up to 30 years in the wild.
CONSERVATION: IUCN Red List: Least Concern (LC)
REMARKS: They have very sharp canine like teeth, and are known to bite.
They are able to use their lateral line to detect vibrations in the water, aiding in prey location and predator avoidance.
Support important commercial and recreational fisheries
Giants Flatfishes
References
Ron's Wordpress shortlink wp.me/p1DZ4b-1yd
Animal Diversity Web animaldiversity.org/accounts/Paralichthys_californicus/
IUCN Red List www.iucnredlist.org/details/183801/0
Monterey Bay Aquariun www.montereybayaquarium.org/animal-guide/fishes/californi...
8-28-12, 5-3-13, 12-4-14 7-18-15
A screencap from a generative art program I'm working on based on Jared Tarbell's *Substrate* algorithm.
I've taken Jared's very versatile algorithm, ported it to Windows 10 screensaver app, and added some new geometries, textures, and generative color palettes.
Also, some color palettes stolen from Van Gogh, Mondrian, Monet, and others. See if you can tell which palettes are from classic art and which are generated by robots.
If you have Windows 10, you can download Substrate Screensaver here: 12tone.software/downloads/
A member of the space crop production team pours substrate and controlled release fertilizer into a Veggie plant pillow on Thursday, May 29, 2025, inside the Space Systems Processing Facility at NASA’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida. The plant pillows, along with Veg-03 MNO seed films, which will carry seeds of Red Russian kale, Wasabi mustard greens, and Dragoon lettuce, are set to fly aboard NASA’s SpaceX Crew-11 mission to the International Space Station to grow in the space environment to study how microgravity impacts crop development compared to ground-grown plants. Seed films enable seed handling and planting of seeds into plant pillows allowing for astronaut choice of crops to grow. Plants can provide whole food nutrition, improve menu variety, and positively impact behavioral health of astronauts on long duration missions to the Moon and Mars and space crop research aboard the orbiting laboratory is enabled by NASA’s Biological and Physical Sciences Division and the International Space Station Program. Photo credit: NASA/Cory Huston
NASA image use policy.