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A view looking to the south across the Tatoosh Range with Mount Adams and Mount Hood. I did a search on Google to find the distance to Mount Hood. 217.17 miles apart! What an amazingly beautiful day in the South Washington Cascades!
Sabancaya is a 6.000m high active stratovolcano in the Andes in southern Peru, located about 100km northwest of Arequipa (2.335m).
It is the most active volcano in Peru and part of a 20 km long north-south chain of 3 large stratovolcanoes.
Nevado Hualca Hualca 6025m, the always most active Sabancaya 6000m, Ampato 6300m.
Wikipedia:
The Ijen volcano complex is a group of stratovolcanoes, in East Java, Indonesia. It is inside a larger caldera Ijen, which is about 20 kilometers wide. The Gunung Merapi stratovolcano is the highest point of that complex. The name of this volcano resembles that of a different volcano, Mount Merapi in central Java, also known as Gunung Merapi. The name "Merapi" means "fire" in the Indonesian language.
West of Gunung Merapi is the Ijen volcano, which has a one-kilometer-wide turquoise-colored acid crater lake. The lake is the site of a labor-intensive sulfur mining operation, in which sulfur-laden baskets are carried by hand from the crater floor. Many other post-caldera cones and craters are located within the caldera or along its rim. The largest concentration of post-caldera cones forms an east/west-trending zone across the southern side of the caldera. The active crater at Kawah Ijen has an equivalent radius of 361 metres (1,184 ft), a surface of 41 square kilometres (16 sq mi). It is 200 metres (660 ft) deep and has a volume of 36 cubic hectometres (29,000 acre·ft).
In 2008, explorer George Kourounis took a small rubber boat out onto the acid lake to measure its acidity. The pH of the water in the crater was measured to be 0.5 due to sulfuric acid.
iss067e147189 (June 21, 2022) --- The Parinacota and Pomerape stratovolcanoes (top to bottom) are pictured from the International Space Station as it orbited 263 miles above the South American nation of Chile. Parinacota is a dormant volcano on the Chile-Bolivia border and its peak is about 20,800 feet. Pomerape, last active over 100,000 years ago, is also on the Chile- Bolivia border with an elevation of about 20,600 feet. At top left, is Chungará Lake in northern Chile which rests about 14,800 feet above sea level.
Ross Maxwell, who was an excellent geologist and the first Superintendent of Big Bend National Park, laid out some of the roads in the park. He knew where the interesting sites were and had already seen most of the vistas and he took full advantage of his knowledge when laying out this roads. In fact, this overlook is off of the Ross Maxwell Scenic Drive that traverses the western end of the Park and is named in his honor. Even though there it is just a drive-up stop, it is one of my not to be missed stops in the park.
This is called The Sotol Vista Overlook. It is named for the sotol plant that was used extensively by early natives throughout the region. The sotol grows in communities or “clumps” and covers much the slope of the west side of the overlook including the foreground of this photo.
The overlook is located on top of the Burro Mesa which is on the down-thrown side of the Burro Mesa fault. The fault splinters into several faults just to the right of this photograph. These splinter faults gradually lower the blocks into the Costolon Graben of the Sunken Block. Goat Mountain is on the far left. We will look at fabulous Goat Mountain a little later.
A little farther out and toward the middle is Kit Mountain looking like an inclined mesa. Both Goat Mountain and Kit Mountain are volcanic vents and may have been stratovolcanoes originally although they have been heavily altered by erosion.
Even further away is the up-thrown block of Cretaceous Limestone which was uplifted by the Terlingua fault and forms the western edge of the Costolon Graben and the Sunken Block. Santa Elena Canyon can be seen as a gap on this cliff face just above Kit Mountain.
MG_3449
Road of the volcanoes - highest pass point at about 4.900 m., viewpoint Mirador de los volcanes - on the road between Arequipa and Chivay
Sabancaya is a 6000m high active stratovolcano in the Andes in southern Peru, located about 100km northwest of Arequipa (2,335m).
It is the most active volcano in Peru and part of a 20 km long north-south chain of 3 large stratovolcanoes.
Nevado Hualca Hualca 6025m, the always most active Sabancaya 6000m, Ampato 6300m.
Mount Penanjakan Viewpoint 2, Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park, Indonesia
A tight perspective of the 3 stratovolcanoes, with Mount Batok and Mount Bromo in the foreground and Mount Semeru in the background.
Mount Batok is no longer active and currently covered with casuarina trees, Mount Bromo is still smoking with its collapsed crater and Mount Semeru being very productive, erupting every 20 minutes or so, flourishing the vast area beneath it.
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Icelandic sheep in front of Mountain Hekla (1.488 m) one of the most active stratovolcanoes in the southern part of Iceland. Last eruption in the year of 2000, and 20 eruptions since 874. Sometimes called the "Gateway to Hell"
Scientists are predicting an erupting in Hekla soon, based on their measurements and experience.
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Cerro Toco is a stratovolcano located in the eastern part of the Atacama desert in Chile's II Region, approximately 6 km south of the border between Bolivia and Chile and 12 km SE of the Juriques and Licancabur volcanoes. It conforms the north eastern extreme of the Purico Complex, a pyroclastic shield made up by several stratovolcanoes, lava domes and a maar.
Cerro Toco is located in the Chajnantor Scientific Reserve, as is most of the Purico Complex. The Atacama Cosmology Telescope and the Huan Tran Telescope are located on the western side of the mountain at approximately 5,200 m.
Volcano Kawah Ijen, Indonesia 伊真火山——印度尼西亚
The Ijen volcano complex is a group of stratovolcanoes in the Banyuwangi Regency of East Java, Indonesia. It is inside a larger caldera Ijen, which is about 20 kilometers wide. The Gunung Merapi stratovolcano is the highest point of that complex. The name "Gunung Merapi" means "mountain of fire" in the Indonesian language.
Teide, or Mount Teide, is a volcano on Tenerife in the Canary Islands, Spain. Its summit (at 3,715 m) is the highest point in Spain and the highest point above sea level in the islands of the Atlantic.
If measured from the ocean floor, its height of 7,500 m makes Teide the fourth-highest volcano in the world, and is described by UNESCO and NASA as Earth's third-tallest volcanic structure. However, as Teide was formed just 170,000 years ago due to volcanic activity following a catastrophic landslide, Teide's base is actually situated in the Las Cañadas crater (the remains of an older, eroded, extinct volcano) at a height of around 2,190 m above sea level. Teide's elevation above sea level makes Tenerife the tenth highest island in the world. Teide is an active volcano: its most recent eruption occurred in 1909 from the El Chinyero vent on the northwestern Santiago rift. The United Nations Committee for Disaster Mitigation designated Teide a Decade Volcano because of its history of destructive eruptions and its proximity to several large towns, of which the closest are Garachico, Icod de los Vinos and Puerto de la Cruz. Teide, Pico Viejo and Montaña Blanca form the Central Volcanic Complex of Tenerife.
The volcano and its surroundings comprise Teide National Park, which has an area of 18,900 hectares (47,000 acres) and was named a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 2007. Teide is the most visited natural wonder of Spain, the most visited national park in Spain and Europe and – by 2015 – the eighth most visited in the world,[11] with some 3 million visitors yearly. In 2016, it was visited by 4,079,823 visitors and tourists, reaching a historical record. Teide Observatory, a major international astronomical observatory, is located on the slopes of the mountain.
Before the 1496 Spanish colonization of Tenerife, the native Guanches referred to a powerful figure living in the volcano, which carries light, power and the sun. El Pico del Teide is the modern Spanish name.
Teide was a sacred mountain for the aboriginal Guanches, so it was considered a mythological mountain, as Mount Olympus was to the ancient Greeks. According to legend, Guayota (the devil) kidnapped Magec (the god of light and the sun) and imprisoned him inside the volcano, plunging the world into darkness. The Guanches asked their supreme god Achamán for clemency, so Achamán fought Guayota, freed Magec from the bowels of the mountain, and plugged the crater with Guayota. It is said that since then, Guayota has remained locked inside Teide. When going on to Teide during an eruption, it was customary for the Guanches to light bonfires to scare Guayota. Guayota is often represented as a black dog, accompanied by his host of demons (Tibicenas).
The Guanches also believed that Teide held up the sky. Many hiding places found in the mountains contain the remains of stone tools and pottery. These have been interpreted as being ritual deposits to counter the influence of evil spirits, like those made by the Berbers of Kabylie. The Guanches believed the mountain to be the place that housed the forces of evil and the most evil figure, Guayota.
Guayota shares features similar to other powerful deities inhabiting volcanoes, such as the goddess Pele of Hawaiian mythology, who lives in the volcano Kīlauea and is regarded by the native Hawaiians as responsible for the eruptions of the volcano. The same was true for the ancient Greeks and Romans, who believed that Vulcano and Mount Etna were chimneys of the foundry of the fire god Hephaestus (Vulcan in Latin).
In 1492, when Christopher Columbus arrived at the island of Tenerife, his crew claimed to see flames coming from the highest mountain of the island (Teide).
Teide last erupted in 1909 from the El Chinyero vent,[23] on the Santiago Ridge. Historical volcanic activity on the island is associated with vents on the Santiago or northwest rift (Boca Cangrejo in 1492, Montañas Negras in 1706, Narices del Teide or Chahorra in 1798, and El Chinyero in 1909) and the Cordillera Dorsal or northeast rift. The 1706 Montañas Negras eruption destroyed the town and principal port of Garachico, as well as several smaller villages.
Historical activity associated with the Teide and Pico Viejo stratovolcanoes occurred in 1798 from the Narices del Teide on the western flank of Pico Viejo. Eruptive material from Pico Viejo, Montaña Teide and Montaña Blanca partially fills the Las Cañadas caldera. The last explosive eruption involving the central volcanic centre was from Montaña Blanca around 2000 years ago. The last eruption within the Las Cañadas caldera occurred in 1798 from the Narices del Teide or Chahorra (Teide's Nostrils) on the western flank of Pico Viejo. The eruption was predominantly strombolian in style and most of the lava was ʻaʻā. This lava is visible beside the Vilaflor–Chio road.
Christopher Columbus reported seeing "a great fire in the Orotava Valley" as he sailed past Tenerife on his voyage to discover the New World in 1492. This was interpreted as indicating that he had witnessed an eruption there. Radiometric dating of possible lavas indicates that in 1492 no eruption occurred in the Orotava Valley, but one did occur from the Boca Cangrejo vent.
The last summit eruption from Teide occurred about the year 850 AD, and this eruption produced the "Lavas Negras" or "Black Lavas" that cover much of the flanks of the volcano.
About 150,000 years ago, a much larger explosive eruption occurred, probably of Volcanic Explosivity Index 5. It created the Las Cañadas caldera, a large caldera at about 2,000 m above sea level, around 16 km from east to west and 9 km from north to south. At Guajara, on the south side of the structure, the internal walls rise as almost sheer cliffs from 2,100 to 2,715 m. The 3,715 m summit of Teide itself, and its sister stratovolcano Pico Viejo (3,134 m), are both situated in the northern half of the caldera and are derived from eruptions later than this prehistoric explosion.
Snow-covered Villarrica, one of Chile's most active volcanoes, rises above the lake and town of the same name. The volcano is also known as Rucapillán, a Mapuche word meaning "House of the Pillán". It is the westernmost of three large stratovolcanoes that trend perpendicular to the Andean chain along the Gastre Fault. Villarrica, along with Quetrupillán and the Chilean portion of Lanín, are protected within Villarrica National Park. Ascents of the volcano are popular with several guided ascents reaching the top during summer.
Villarrica, with its lava of basaltic-andesitic composition, is one of only five volcanoes worldwide known to have an active lava lake within its crater. The volcano usually generates strombolian eruptions, with ejection of incandescent pyroclasts and lava flows. Melting of snow and glacier ice as well as rainfalls often cause massive lahars (mud and debris flows), such as during the eruptions of 1964 and 1971.
Quelle: wikipedia
Ponta do Misteria, Terceira Island, Azores 4 May 2017
Teceira is formed from at least 4 stratovolcanoes at the triple junctions of the European, Africa and North American plates. About 1000 years ago the Pico Alto volcano erupted and lava reached the sea at Ponta do Misteria.
(still image from the Brown Peak web camera on Unimak Island, Alaska)
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Shishaldin Volcano is a subduction zone stratovolcano on Unimak Island in the Aleutian Islands of Alaska. Minor lava eruptions in the summit crater started on 12 July 2023. Thirteen episodes of subsequent explosive ash eruptions took place on 14 July, 15 July, 18 July, 22-23 July, 25-26 July, 4 August, 14-15 August, 25 August, 5 September, 15 September, 24 to 25 September, 3 October, and 2-3 November 2023. Seen here is Shishaldin with a steam plume in the early afternoon of 19 November 2023.
The Aleutian Arc is a subduction zone formed as the Pacific Plate dives underneath the North American Plate (this area is sometimes called the Bering Plate). The diving plate in subduction zones releases water at depth, which causes partial melting of overlying mantle rocks. The low-density melt rises and eventually reaches the surface, forming volcanoes. All subduction zones have volcanoes and frequent seismicity. Volcanoes in such settings tend to have explosive ash eruptions. Rocks and tephra deposits at subduction zone volcanoes are usually intermediate in composition - typically andesitic to dacitic. Shishaldin's erupted materials in 2023 have been mafic (basaltic).
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Info. at:
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Shishaldin
and
Massive Mutnovsky, (Мутновский) one of the most active volcanoes of southern Kamchatka, is formed of four coalescing stratovolcanoes of predominately basaltic composition. Multiple summit craters cap the volcanic complex.
Sabancaya is a 6000m high active stratovolcano in the Andes in southern Peru, located about 100km northwest of Arequipa (2,335m).
It is the most active volcano in Peru and part of a 20 km long north-south chain of 3 large stratovolcanoes.
Nevado Hualca Hualca 6025m, the always most active Sabancaya 6000m, Ampato 6300m.
Of all 5 stratovolcanoes in Washington State, the highest three are almost geographically stacked together, each is about 50 miles from another forming a triangle. In Puget Sound urban area, only Mt Rainier can be seen whereas the other two, Adams and St Helens can only be visualized high above the ground.
A view looking to Mount Adams and then Mount St Helens while on an Alaska Airlines flight out of Seattle to Austin. The view of the mountain peaks were amazing just of themselves, but it was the entire setting with the plane wing, white puffy clouds and the mountain peaks popping up from the ground below that I wanted to capture.
Huge and steaming...
The Ijen volcano complex is a group of stratovolcanoes in the Banyuwangi Regency of East Java, Indonesia. It is inside a larger caldera Ijen, which is about 20 kilometers wide.
The Ijen volcano complex is a group of stratovolcanoes in the Banyuwangi Regency of East Java, Indonesia. It is inside a larger caldera Ijen, which is about 20 kilometers wide. Ijen volcano, which has a one-kilometer-wide turquoise-colored acid crater lake. The lake is the site of a labor-intensive sulfur mining operation, in which sulfur-laden baskets are carried by hand from the crater floor. The work is low-paid and very onerous. Workers earn around $5.50-$8.30 per day and once out of the crater, still need to carry their loads of sulfur chunks about three kilometers to the nearby Pultuding Valley to get paid.
The active crater at Kawah Ijen has a diameter of 722 metres (2,369 ft) and a surface area of 0.41 square kilometres (0.16 sq mi). It is 200 metres (660 ft) deep and has a volume of 36 cubic hectometres (29,000 acre·ft).
The lake is recognised as the largest highly acidic crater lake in the world.
Took a drive up Sea to Sky Highway 99 to Squamish and then north past Brakendale to Fergies at the Sunwolf Outdoor Centre on the Cheakamus River for Sunday brunch. Approaching Squamish, Mt. Garibaldi dominates the skyline.
Mount Garibaldi is a peak in the Coast Mountains east of the Cheakamus River north of town of Squamish at the head of Howe Sound. Glacier-capped, it is 8,787 ft (2,678 m) high and is the focus of Garibaldi Provincial Park. Established in 1927 the park is now a popular year-round recreational district. Capt. George H. Richards of the survey ship “Plumper” named the peak around 1860 for the Italian patriot.
Mount Garibaldi is a potentially active stratovolcano. It is one of the most recognized peaks in the South Coast region, as well as British Columbia's best known volcano. It lies within the Garibaldi Ranges of the Pacific Ranges.
This heavily eroded dome complex occupies the southwest corner of Garibaldi Provincial Park overlooking the town of Squamish. It is the only major Pleistocene age volcano in North America known to have formed upon a glacier.
The Garibaldi Volcanic Belt is the northern extension of the Cascades Volcanic Belt in the northwestern Unitied States. This volcanic belt is the result of subduction of the Juan de Fuca tectonic plate beneath the North American tectonic plate; the plates meet just seaward of the west coast of Vancouver Island. The volcanoes of this area generally are stratovolcanoes typical of subduction zone volcanoes.
The Garibaldi Lake volcanic field is of primary concern for the communities of Whistler and more importantly Squamish. Garibaldi volcano is an eroded, dacitic stratovolcano like Mount Baker ot the south. This Pleistocene volcanic center is a part of a volcanic field that contains some 13 vents in an area 30 km long and 15 km wide, much of which is in Garibaldi Provincial Park
The most recent period of activity occurred shortly after the disappearance of the glacial ice filling the valley, 10,700 to 9300 radiocarbon years ago, and ended with the eruption of a lava flow from the Opal cone.
Renewed volcanism in the Garibaldi area would pose serious threat to the local communities of Squamish and Whistler. Melting of remnant glacial ice could produce floods, lahars (mudflows), or debris flows.
Highway 99 linking Whistler and Squamish with Vancouver, is already plagued by landslides and dedris flows from the precipitous Coast Mountains. Eruption producing floods could destroy segments of the highway. Flooding and debris flows would have serious coneequences for the salmon fishery on the Squamish, Cheakamus, and Mamquam rivers. In addition explosive eruptions and accompanying ash could cause short and long-term water-supply problems for Vancouver and much of the lower mainland. The catchment area for the Greater Vancouver watershed is downwind from the Garibaldi area. Air-fall material could also have a deleterious effect on the ice fields to the east of Mt. Garibaldi, causing increased melting and spring flooding. This in turn could theaten water supplies from Pitt Lake as well as fisheries on the Pitt River.
Wikipedia :
The Ijen volcano complex is a group of stratovolcanoes, in East Java, Indonesia. It is inside a larger caldera Ijen, which is about 20 kilometers wide. The Gunung Merapi stratovolcano is the highest point of that complex.
An active vent at the edge of the lake is a source of elemental sulfur, and supports a mining operation. Escaping volcanic gasses are channeled through a network of ceramic pipes, resulting in condensation of molten sulfur. The sulfur, which is deep red in color when molten, pours slowly from the ends of these pipes and pools on the ground, turning bright yellow as it cools. The cooled material is broken into large pieces and carried out in baskets by the miners. Typical loads range from 70–100 kilograms, and must be carried to the crater rim approximately 200 meters above before being carried several kilometers down the mountain. Most miners make this journey twice a day. The miners are paid by a nearby sugar refinery by the weight of sulfur transported; as of September 2010 the typical daily earnings were equivalent to approximately $13.00 US. The miners often use insufficient protection while working around the volcano and are susceptible to numerous respiratory complaints
The Ijen volcano complex is a group of stratovolcanoes in the Banyuwangi Regency of East Java, Indonesia. It is inside a larger caldera Ijen, which is about 20 kilometers wide. Ijen volcano, which has a one-kilometer-wide turquoise-colored acid crater lake. The lake is the site of a labor-intensive sulfur mining operation, in which sulfur-laden baskets are carried by hand from the crater floor. The work is low-paid and very onerous. Workers earn around $5.50-$8.30 per day and once out of the crater, still need to carry their loads of sulfur chunks about three kilometers to the nearby Pultuding Valley to get paid.
The active crater at Kawah Ijen has a diameter of 722 metres (2,369 ft) and a surface area of 0.41 square kilometres (0.16 sq mi). It is 200 metres (660 ft) deep and has a volume of 36 cubic hectometres (29,000 acre·ft).
The lake is recognised as the largest highly acidic crater lake in the world.
Arequipa - Mirador de vólcanes
Sabancaya is an active 5,976-metre (19,606 ft) stratovolcano in the Andes of southern Peru. It is the most active volcano in Peru and is part of a 20-kilometre (12 mi) north-south chain of three major stratovolcanoes.
Puedes conocer más sobre Perú entrando a mi álbum Peruvian Marvels
The sun sets between remnant volcanic prominences, with several younger, dormant Cascade stratovolcanoes also visible in the distance, at Smith Rock State Park, near Terrebonne, Oregon.
While photo road tripping through parts of Washington and Oregon this past spring, Sky Matthews and I decided one day to head south from the Mt. Hood area to check out Bend and its surrounds, including this awesome State Park. We had stopped by Smith Rock earlier in the day to get the lay of the land, and then headed into nearby Bend and Redmond to check out a couple of microbreweries and to find a place to grab a bite to eat while watching the Stanley Cup finals hockey game being played early that evening back east.
Smith Rock is renowned in the rock climbing community--not a sport I have any capability for doing, but much respect for those who do--and we ended up watching part of the hockey game with some rock climbers we met who had just finished a multi-pitch ascent at Smith Rock and who had some cool climbing adventure stories. Needless to say, as we chatted and watched the hockey game head into overtime, we almost neglected to realize that some very nice clouds had moved over the area and sunset was nearly at hand.
We jumped in the car and rushed back to the park not a moment too soon. Just a couple of minutes after we hurried to set up our tripods, the sun started its vibrant show. Definitely glad we didn't miss this one!
Thanks for visiting.
Ice floes along the Kamchatka coastline are featured in this image photographed by an Expedition 30 crew member on the International Space Station. The vantage point from orbit frequently affords the opportunity to observe processes that are impossible to see on the ground -- or in this case the northeastern Pacific Ocean. The winter season blankets the Kamchatka Peninsula of Russia in snow, but significant amounts of sea ice can also form and collect along the coastline. As ice floes grind against each other, they produce smaller floes that can be moved by wind and water currents acting along the coastline. The irregular southeastern coastline of Kamchatka helps to produce large circular eddy currents from the main southwestward-flowing Kamchatka current. Three such eddies are clearly highlighted by surface ice floe patterns at center. The ice patterns are very difficult (and dangerous) to navigate in an ocean vessel -- while the floes may look thin and delicate from the space station vantage point, even the smaller ice chunks are likely several meters across. White clouds at top right are distinguished from the sea ice and snow cover in the image by their high brightness and discontinuous nature. The Kamchatka Peninsula also hosts many currently and historically active stratovolcanoes. Kliuchevskoi Volcano, the highest in Kamchatka (summit elevation 4,835 meters) and one of the most active, had its most recent confirmed eruption in June of 2011, while Karymsky Volcano to the south likely produced ash plumes days before this image was taken; the snow cover near the volcano to the south and east of the summit is darkened, probably due to a cover of fresh ash, or melted away altogether (bottom center). In contrast, Kronotsky Volcano -- a "textbook" symmetrical cone-shaped stratovolcano -- last erupted in 1923.
Image credit: NASA
Original image/read the blog:
spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/images/station/crew-30/html/...
More about space station research:
www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/research/index.html
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View more than 400 photos like this in the "NASA Earth Images" Flickr photoset:
www.flickr.com/photos/28634332@N05/
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Volcán Fuego, one of Central America's most active volcanoes, is one of three large stratovolcanoes overlooking Guatemala's former capital, Antigua. The scarp of an older edifice, Meseta, lies between Fuego at 3,763 meters above sea level (12,346 feet) and its twin volcano to the north, Acatenango. That pair stand together to the west of the city of Antigua while the third prominent volcano, Agua, looms high over Antigua at an elevation above sea level of 3,760 meters (12,336 feet). For centuries dormant, she continues her sleep to the south of the city center. These days only Fuego is active.
Six of us were just about ready to be seated for lunch at La Reunión Golf Resort and Residences thirteen kilometers distant from Antigua when we felt, heard and saw this activity. While I can share the visual sense with you, I apologize that you could neither feel nor hear this eruption. It was far from impotent!
In July 2013 - state of emergency - at least 300 earthquakes daily.
Due to the increased activity of the Sabancaya volcano, Peruvian authorities declared districts in the Arequipa region under a state of emergency for 60 days.
The frequent earthquakes have already destroyed hundreds of homes in recent days.
There are 12 active volcanoes located in the south of the country.
Sabancaya is a 6000 m high active stratovolcano in the Andes in southern Peru, located about 100 km northwest of Arequipa (2,300 m).
Sabancaya is a 6000m high active stratovolcano in the Andes in southern Peru, located about 100km northwest of Arequipa (2,335m).
It is the most active volcano in Peru and part of a 20 km long north-south chain of 3 large stratovolcanoes.
Nevado Hualca Hualca 6025m, the always most active Sabancaya 6000m, Ampato 6300m.
The Ijen volcano complex is a group of stratovolcanoes in the Banyuwangi Regency of East Java, Indonesia. It is inside a larger caldera Ijen, which is about 20 kilometers wide. Ijen volcano, which has a one-kilometer-wide turquoise-colored acid crater lake. The lake is the site of a labor-intensive sulfur mining operation, in which sulfur-laden baskets are carried by hand from the crater floor. The work is low-paid and very onerous. Workers earn around $5.50-$8.30 per day and once out of the crater, still need to carry their loads of sulfur chunks about three kilometers to the nearby Pultuding Valley to get paid.
The active crater at Kawah Ijen has a diameter of 722 metres (2,369 ft) and a surface area of 0.41 square kilometres (0.16 sq mi). It is 200 metres (660 ft) deep and has a volume of 36 cubic hectometres (29,000 acre·ft).
The lake is recognised as the largest highly acidic crater lake in the world.
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Villarrica (/ˌviːəˈriːkə/ vee-ə-ree-kə) (Spanish: Volcán Villarrica, Mapudungun: Ruka Pillañ) is one of Chile's most active volcanoes, rising above the lake and town of the same name, 750 km (470 mi) south of Santiago.[2] It is also known as Rucapillán, a Mapuche word meaning "Pillan's house". It is the westernmost of three large stratovolcanoes that trend perpendicular to the Andean chain along the Gastre Fault. Villarrica, along with Quetrupillán and the Chilean portion of Lanín, are protected within Villarrica National Park. (Font: Wikipedia).
volcano.si.edu/volcano.cfm?vn=357120
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Villarrica_(volcano)#Eruptive_history
The Ijen volcano complex is a group of stratovolcanoes in the Banyuwangi Regency of East Java, Indonesia. It is inside a larger caldera Ijen, which is about 20 kilometers wide. Ijen volcano, which has a one-kilometer-wide turquoise-colored acid crater lake. The lake is the site of a labor-intensive sulfur mining operation, in which sulfur-laden baskets are carried by hand from the crater floor. The work is low-paid and very onerous. Workers earn around $5.50-$8.30 per day and once out of the crater, still need to carry their loads of sulfur chunks about three kilometers to the nearby Pultuding Valley to get paid.
The active crater at Kawah Ijen has a diameter of 722 metres (2,369 ft) and a surface area of 0.41 square kilometres (0.16 sq mi). It is 200 metres (660 ft) deep and has a volume of 36 cubic hectometres (29,000 acre·ft).
The lake is recognised as the largest highly acidic crater lake in the world.
www.jesse-estes.com/kawah-ijen-indonesia/
After doing the much more serious trek of Mount Rinjani in Lombok Indonesia a few days earlier, this short little trek seemed like a walk in the park. We started hiking at 2am though, so that we could get down to where the miners do their work while it was still dark. It was also very windy on this particular morning, and huge clouds of sulfur smoke would blow into us for about 20-30 seconds at a time. The smoke burns your eyes and your throat, but since the guide (Retired miner of 15 years) wasn't wearing a mask, I figured I didn't need to put mine on either :) These guys are hardcore to say the least...
Canon 16-35II
Nikon SB-26 - Small Softbox camera left
Warming Gel
Cactus v4 triggers
--- From Wikipedia ---
The Ijen volcano complex is a group of stratovolcanoes, in East Java, Indonesia. It is inside a larger caldera Ijen, which is about 20 kilometers wide. The Gunung Merapi stratovolcano is the highest point of that complex.
An active vent at the edge of the lake is a source of elemental sulfur, and supports a mining operation. Escaping volcanic gasses are channeled through a network of ceramic pipes, resulting in condensation of molten sulfur. The sulfur, which is deep red in color when molten, pours slowly from the ends of these pipes and pools on the ground, turning bright yellow as it cools. The cooled material is broken into large pieces and carried out in baskets by the miners. Typical loads range from 70–100 kilograms, and must be carried to the crater rim approximately 200 meters above before being carried several kilometers down the mountain. Most miners make this journey twice a day. The miners are paid by a nearby sugar refinery by the weight of sulfur transported; as of September 2010 the typical daily earnings were equivalent to approximately $13.00 US. The miners often use insufficient protection while working around the volcano and are susceptible to numerous respiratory complaints
One of several other snow-capped stratovolcanoes visible from Mt. Pichincha. With a lot of contrast enhancement; the day was quite smoky due to a wildfire on the neighboring flank of Pichincha. Cayambe is 40 mi (65 km) distant & 19,000 ft (5790 m) high. It is the highest point in the world crossed by the equator, and the only point on the equator with perennial snow cover.
Arjuno Mountain
East Java
Indonesia
Gunung Arjuno, located in East Java, Indonesia, rising to 3,339 meters (10,955 feet) with relatively consistent slopes from base to summit - forms part of the Arjuno-Welirang volcanic complex and is classified as a dormant stratovolcano.
Stratovolcanoes have a characteristic symmetrical morphology resulting from repeated eruptions of viscous lava interlayered with pyroclastic deposits. This produces a conical, steep-sided profile optimized around a central summit vent.
The Ijen volcano complex is a group of stratovolcanoes in the Banyuwangi Regency of East Java, Indonesia. It is inside a larger caldera Ijen, which is about 20 kilometers wide. Ijen volcano, which has a one-kilometer-wide turquoise-colored acid crater lake. The lake is the site of a labor-intensive sulfur mining operation, in which sulfur-laden baskets are carried by hand from the crater floor. The work is low-paid and very onerous. Workers earn around $5.50-$8.30 per day and once out of the crater, still need to carry their loads of sulfur chunks about three kilometers to the nearby Pultuding Valley to get paid.
The active crater at Kawah Ijen has a diameter of 722 metres (2,369 ft) and a surface area of 0.41 square kilometres (0.16 sq mi). It is 200 metres (660 ft) deep and has a volume of 36 cubic hectometres (29,000 acre·ft).
The lake is recognised as the largest highly acidic crater lake in the world.
The Ijen volcano complex is a group of stratovolcanoes in the Banyuwangi Regency of East Java, Indonesia. It is inside a larger caldera Ijen, which is about 20 kilometers wide. Ijen volcano, which has a one-kilometer-wide turquoise-colored acid crater lake. The lake is the site of a labor-intensive sulfur mining operation, in which sulfur-laden baskets are carried by hand from the crater floor. The work is low-paid and very onerous. Workers earn around $5.50-$8.30 per day and once out of the crater, still need to carry their loads of sulfur chunks about three kilometers to the nearby Pultuding Valley to get paid.
The active crater at Kawah Ijen has a diameter of 722 metres (2,369 ft) and a surface area of 0.41 square kilometres (0.16 sq mi). It is 200 metres (660 ft) deep and has a volume of 36 cubic hectometres (29,000 acre·ft).
The lake is recognised as the largest highly acidic crater lake in the world.
裸 Schlampe 懒妇 나체상 फूहड़ 벌거 벗은 desnudo ふしだらな女 nackt nu alaston निर्वस्त्र 裸体 ヌード नग्न nudo ਨੰਗੀ голый khỏa thân جنسي 性感的 malibog कामुक セクシー 婚禮 beauty beautiful travel vacation candid woman girl boy cute wedding people explore Hijab Nijab Burqa telanjang puta latina teen tranny عري hot nude naked sexy برهنه upskirt camel toe teen ass balls dirty naughty fishnet foot tits boobs feet heels fuck sex leather domination lady ladyboy mask milf Asian ebony woman model desi arab euro oral panty play dildo panties orgy pierced crossdress sex shaved toes topless transgender transsexual transvestite underwear rubber vinyl wank white wife
Mount Shasta, California is featured in this image photographed by an Expedition 33 crew member on the International Space Station. The Cascade Range includes many impressive stratovolcanoes along its north-south extent, some active over the past few hundred years. Mount Shasta in northern California is among the largest and most active (over the past 4,000 years) of the volcanoes in the Cascades. The summit peak of the volcanic structure is at an elevation of 4,317 meters above sea level, and is formed by the Hotlum cone -- the location of the most recently recorded (1786) volcanic activity. The summit is high enough to retain snow cover throughout the year, and several small glaciers are present along the upper slopes of Shasta. Immediately to the west of the summit peak, but still on the upper slopes of Shasta, is the Shastina lava dome complex, reaching 3,758 meters above sea level. Two dark lava flows that originated from the Shastina complex and flowed downslope (toward the northwest) are visible in the lower part of this image. These contrast sharply with the surrounding vegetated (green) lower slopes and the barren upper slopes (gray) of Shasta. The Black Butte lava dome complex forms another, isolated hill on the lowermost slopes of Shasta near the town of Weed, CA (right). Geologists have mapped prehistoric pyroclastic flow and mudflow (also known as lahars) deposits from Hotlum cone and the Shastina and Black Butte lava dome complexes to distances of 20 kilometers from the summit of Shasta. As Mount Shasta has erupted within the past 250 years and several communities are within this hazard radius, the United States Geological Survey's California Volcano Observatory actively monitors the volcano for signs of activity.
Image credit: NASA/JSC
Original image:
spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/images/station/crew-33/html/...
More about space station research:
www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/research/index.html
There's a Flickr group about Space Station Research. Please feel welcome to join! www.flickr.com/groups/stationscience/
View more than 400 photos like this in the "NASA Earth Images" Flickr photoset:
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________________________________
These official NASA photographs are being made available for publication by news organizations and/or for personal use printing by the subject(s) of the photographs. The photographs may not be used in materials, advertisements, products, or promotions that in any way suggest approval or endorsement by NASA. All Images used must be credited. For information on usage rights please visit: www.nasa.gov/audience/formedia/features/MP_Photo_Guidelin...
Road of the volcanoes - highest pass point at about 4.900 m., viewpoint Mirador de los volcanes - on the road between Arequipa and Chivay
Sabancaya is a 6000m high active stratovolcano in the Andes in southern Peru, located about 100km northwest of Arequipa (2,335m).
It is the most active volcano in Peru and part of a 20 km long north-south chain of 3 large stratovolcanoes.
Nevado Hualca Hualca 6025m, the always most active Sabancaya 6000m, Ampato 6300m.
In the distance below one can catch a slight glimpse of the turquoise waters of the crater lake.
The Ijen volcano complex is a group of stratovolcanoes in the Banyuwangi Regency of East Java, Indonesia. It is inside a larger caldera Ijen, which is about 20 kilometers wide. Ijen volcano, which has a one-kilometer-wide turquoise-colored acid crater lake. The lake is the site of a labor-intensive sulfur mining operation, in which sulfur-laden baskets are carried by hand from the crater floor. The work is low-paid and very onerous. Workers earn around $5.50-$8.30 per day and once out of the crater, still need to carry their loads of sulfur chunks about three kilometers to the nearby Pultuding Valley to get paid.
The active crater at Kawah Ijen has a diameter of 722 metres (2,369 ft) and a surface area of 0.41 square kilometres (0.16 sq mi). It is 200 metres (660 ft) deep and has a volume of 36 cubic hectometres (29,000 acre·ft).
The lake is recognised as the largest highly acidic crater lake in the world.
Bazman volcano in Iran is featured in this image photographed by an Expedition 38 crew member on the International Space Station. Bazman volcano is located in a remote southern region within the Bazman Protected Area of Sistan and Baluchestan Provinces. While the volcano has the classic cone shape associated with stratovolcanoes, it is also heavily dissected by channels that extend downwards from the 3,490-meter-above-sea-level summit. This radial drainage pattern - looking similar to the spokes of a bicycle wheel - is readily observed in this photograph. Such patterns can form around high, symmetric peaks when water runoff and erosion is not constrained by the resistance of geologic materials or barriers to flow, leading to essentially even distribution of water runoff channels around the central peak. While there is no historical record of volcanism at Bazman, and no geologic record of eruptive activity within the past 10,000 years, some fumarolic activity - gas and steam emissions - have been reported, according to the Smithsonian Institution National Museum of Natural History's Global Volcanism Program. The summit of the volcano is marked by a well-formed explosion crater, and lava cones formed on the flanks of the main volcano are associated with well-preserved lava flows-a particularly striking example is visible on the north flank of Bazman at center. Together, these observations and features are suggestive that Bazman may be a dormant, rather than extinct, volcano.
Image credit: NASA
Original image:
www.flickr.com/photos/nasa2explore/12075275456/in/set-721...
More about space station research:
www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/research/index.html
View more photos like this in the "NASA Earth Images" Flickr photoset:
www.flickr.com/photos/28634332@N05
________________________________
These official NASA photographs are being made available for publication by news organizations and/or for personal use printing by the subject(s) of the photographs. The photographs may not be used in materials, advertisements, products, or promotions that in any way suggest approval or endorsement by NASA. All Images used must be credited. For information on usage rights please visit: www.nasa.gov/audience/formedia/features/MP_Photo_Guidelin...
Ijen volcano
Stratovolcano 2799 m / 9,183 ft
East Java, Indonesia, -8.06°S / 114.24°E
Typical eruption style: Explosive. Contains a large acid crater lake, intense fumarolic activity.
Ijen volcano eruptions: 1796, 1817, 1917, 1936, 1952, 1993, 1994, 1999, 2000(?), 2002(?)
Ijen volcano in East Java contains the world's largest acidic volcanic crater lake, called Kawah Ijen, famous for its turquoise color. The active crater measuring 950x600 m is known for its rich sulphur deposits which are being quarried.
The volcano is one of several active stratovolcanoes constructed over the 20 km wide Ijen caldera, the largest caldera in Java.
Eruptions from Ijen are very hazardous because of the risk of the lake draining to form catastrophic lahars.
Background:
The Ijen volcano complex at the eastern end of Java consists of a group of small stratovolcanoes constructed within the large 20-km-wide Ijen (Kendeng) caldera. The north caldera wall forms a prominent arcuate ridge, but elsewhere the caldera rim is buried by post-caldera volcanoes, including Gunung Merapi stratovolcano, which forms the 2799 m high point of the Ijen complex. Immediately west of Gunung Merapi is the renowned historically active Kawah Ijen volcano, which contains a nearly 1-km-wide, turquoise-colored, acid crater lake. Picturesque Kawah Ijen is the world's largest highly acidic lake and is the site of a labor-intensive sulfur mining operation in which sulfur-laden baskets are hand-carried from the crater floor. Many other post-caldera cones and craters are located within the caldera or along its rim. The largest concentration of post-caldera cones forms an E-W-trending zone across the southern side of the caldera. Coffee plantations cover much of the Ijen caldera floor, and tourists are drawn to its waterfalls, hot springs, and dramatic volcanic scenery.
Source :volcanodiscovery.com
I think you should look at it as a full resolution photo at:
icelandphotoimages.com/snaefellsjokull-glacier-and-a-hors...
Snæfellsjökull has, for centuries, been considered to be one of the world’s ancient power sites, a source of mysticism, energy and mystery for the peninsula’s superstitious population. This likely has something to do with the stratovolcanoes place in the Icelandic sagas; the feature takes a prominent role in . . . Get all the info about the place at: www.patreon.com/RafnSig
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This Copernicus Sentinel-2 image from 13 November 2024 shows the Lewotobi Laki Laki volcano eruption on the island of Flores in southern Indonesia.
Mount Lewotobi Laki Laki started spewing ash and smoke on 4 November 2024. It has, so far, killed at least ten people and forced authorities to issue large-scale evacuations. The volcanic ash cloud also caused hundreds of flights to be cancelled. The image clearly depicts the huge plume of ash and smoke spewing from the volcano and drifting westwards.
Laki Laki is one of two adjacent stratovolcanoes on Mount Lewotobi. The volcano summits, which are less than 2 km apart, are known locally as the husband-and-wife mountains. Laki Laki means man, while its taller and broader spouse to its southeast is called Perempuan, or woman. While Perempuan has been dormant for decades, Laki Laki is one of the most active volcanoes in Indonesia.
The country is prone to earthquakes, landslides and volcanic activity because it sits along the 'Ring of Fire', a continuous string of volcanoes and fault lines circling the Pacific Ocean.
The Copernicus Sentinel-2’s shortwave infrared channels, that detect heat sources, have been used in the processing of this image to display the activity on the volcano. The lava flowing from the crater is highlighted in orange and red.
Satellite data are an excellent means to monitor eruptions. Once an eruption begins, optical and radar instruments can capture the lava flows, mudslides, ground fissures and earthquakes.
Furthermore, atmospheric sensors can identify and measure the gases and aerosols released by the eruption, follow the spread and movement of volcanic plumes, and help to assess the environmental impact and possible hazards to aviation.
Credits: contains modified Copernicus Sentinel data (2024), processed by ESA, CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO
PART 3
Picture taken 10/19/21
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www.jesse-estes.com/kawah-ijen-indonesia/
A miner warms his hands over the fire early in the morning as the liquid sulfur burns blue in the background... I'm not big on making excuses, but for this image, I was moving very fast because of the large clouds of sulfur smoke blowing directly into us from this cliff. I wish I could have composed it better without that rock in the bottom right, but it is what it is :)
After doing the much more serious trek of Mount Rinjani in Lombok Indonesia a few days earlier, this short little trek seemed like a walk in the park. We started hiking at 2am though, so that we could get down to where the miners do their work while it was still dark. It was also very windy on this particular morning, and huge clouds of sulfur smoke would blow into us for about 20-30 seconds at a time. The smoke burns your eyes and your throat, but since the guide (Retired miner of 15 years) wasn't wearing a mask, I figured I didn't need to put mine on either :) These guys are hardcore to say the least...
Canon 16-35II
--- From Wikipedia ---
The Ijen volcano complex is a group of stratovolcanoes, in East Java, Indonesia. It is inside a larger caldera Ijen, which is about 20 kilometers wide. The Gunung Merapi stratovolcano is the highest point of that complex.
An active vent at the edge of the lake is a source of elemental sulfur, and supports a mining operation. Escaping volcanic gasses are channeled through a network of ceramic pipes, resulting in condensation of molten sulfur. The sulfur, which is deep red in color when molten, pours slowly from the ends of these pipes and pools on the ground, turning bright yellow as it cools. The cooled material is broken into large pieces and carried out in baskets by the miners. Typical loads range from 70–100 kilograms, and must be carried to the crater rim approximately 200 meters above before being carried several kilometers down the mountain. Most miners make this journey twice a day. The miners are paid by a nearby sugar refinery by the weight of sulfur transported; as of September 2010 the typical daily earnings were equivalent to approximately $13.00 US. The miners often use insufficient protection while working around the volcano and are susceptible to numerous respiratory complaints
Sabancaya is a 6000m high active stratovolcano in the Andes in southern Peru, located about 100km northwest of Arequipa (2,335m).
It is the most active volcano in Peru and part of a 20 km long north-south chain of 3 large stratovolcanoes.
Nevado Hualca Hualca 6025m, the always most active Sabancaya 6000m, Ampato 6300m.
Sabancaya is a 6000m high active stratovolcano in the Andes in southern Peru, located about 100km northwest of Arequipa (2,335m).
It is the most active volcano in Peru and part of a 20 km long north-south chain of 3 large stratovolcanoes.
Nevado Hualca Hualca 6025m, the always most active Sabancaya 6000m, Ampato 6300m.
Sabancaya volcano ("Tongue of Fire" in Quechua, is located in the southern Peruvian Andes and one of Peru's most active volcanoes. The stratovolcano is covered with several glaciers and located in the saddle between the older stratovolcanoes, Ampato and Hualca Hualca, and the only one of the group that has erupted in historic times.
Sabancaya is an active 5976 metre / 19606 feet stratovolcano in the Andes of southern Peru, about 100 kilometres (62 mi) northwest of Arequipa. It is the most active volcano in Peru and is part of a 20-kilometre (12 mi) north-south chain of three major stratovolcanoes, including the extinct and eroded 6025 metre-high (19,767 ft) volcano Wallqa Wallqa at the northern end, the dormant 6288 metre-high (20630 ft) volcano Ampato to the south.