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Source: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_City
New York City (NYC), often called the City of New York or simply New York (NY), is the most populous city in the United States. With an estimated 2018 population of 8,398,748 distributed over about 302.6 square miles (784 km2), New York is also the most densely populated major city in the United States. Located at the southern tip of the U.S. state of New York, the city is the center of the New York metropolitan area, the largest metropolitan area in the world by urban landmass. With almost 20 million people in its metropolitan statistical area and approximately 23 million in its combined statistical area, it is one of the world's most populous megacities. New York City has been described as the cultural, financial, and media capital of the world, significantly influencing commerce, entertainment, research, technology, education, politics, tourism, art, fashion, and sports. Home to the headquarters of the United Nations, New York is an important center for international diplomacy.
Situated on one of the world's largest natural harbors, New York City is composed of five boroughs, each of which is a county of the State of New York. The five boroughs—Brooklyn, Queens, Manhattan, the Bronx, and Staten Island—were consolidated into a single city in 1898. The city and its metropolitan area constitute the premier gateway for legal immigration to the United States. As many as 800 languages are spoken in New York, making it the most linguistically diverse city in the world. New York is home to more than 3.2 million residents born outside the United States, the largest foreign-born population of any city in the world as of 2016. As of 2019, the New York metropolitan area is estimated to produce a gross metropolitan product (GMP) of $2.0 trillion. If greater New York City were a sovereign state, it would have the 12th highest GDP in the world. New York is home to the highest number of billionaires of any city in the world.
New York City traces its origins to a trading post founded by colonists from the Dutch Republic in 1624 on Lower Manhattan; the post was named New Amsterdam in 1626. The city and its surroundings came under English control in 1664 and were renamed New York after King Charles II of England granted the lands to his brother, the Duke of York. New York was the capital of the United States from 1785 until 1790, and has been the largest U.S. city since 1790. The Statue of Liberty greeted millions of immigrants as they came to the U.S. by ship in the late 19th and early 20th centuries and is a symbol of the U.S. and its ideals of liberty and peace. In the 21st century, New York has emerged as a global node of creativity and entrepreneurship and environmental sustainability, and as a symbol of freedom and cultural diversity. In 2019, New York was voted the greatest city in the world per a survey of over 30,000 people from 48 cities worldwide, citing its cultural diversity.
Many districts and landmarks in New York City are well known, including three of the world's ten most visited tourist attractions in 2013. A record 62.8 million tourists visited New York City in 2017. Times Square is the brightly illuminated hub of the Broadway Theater District, one of the world's busiest pedestrian intersections, and a major center of the world's entertainment industry. Many of the city's landmarks, skyscrapers, and parks are known around the world. Manhattan's real estate market is among the most expensive in the world. New York is home to the largest ethnic Chinese population outside of Asia, with multiple distinct Chinatowns across the city. Providing continuous 24/7 service and contributing to the nickname The City that Never Sleeps, the New York City Subway is the largest single-operator rapid transit system worldwide, with 472 rail stations. The city has over 120 colleges and universities, including Columbia University, New York University, Rockefeller University, and the City University of New York system, which is the largest urban public university system in the United States. Manhattan is home to the world's two largest stock exchanges by total market capitalization, namely the New York Stock Exchange, located on Wall Street in the Financial District of Lower Manhattan, and NASDAQ, headquartered in Midtown Manhattan.
Source: livinghistories.newcastle.edu.au/nodes/view/37450
his photograph was taken by Brian R Andrews of Killingworth NSW. Brian worked for 20 years as a Draftsman for Coal and Allied Industries Limited. This photograph is part of Brian's private collection. Brian has kindly given Cultural Collections at the University of Newcastle, NSW, Australia, access to his collection and allowed us to publish the images.
If you wish to reproduce the image, you must obtain permission by contacting Cultural Collections at the University of Newcastle, NSW, Australia.
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Trip to Alaska. Celebrating Fourth of July. Inside the ship. Radiance of the Seas. Royal Caribbean. Jul/2016
Independence Day of the United States, also referred to as the Fourth of July or July Fourth in the U.S., is a federal holiday commemorating the adoption of the Declaration of Independence in 1776 on July 4 by the Continental Congress. It declared that the thirteen American colonies regarded themselves as a new nation, the United States of America, and were no longer part of the British Empire.
Independence Day is commonly associated with fireworks, parades, barbecues, carnivals, fairs, picnics, concerts, baseball games,family reunions, and political speeches and ceremonies, in addition to various other public and private events celebrating the history, government, and traditions of the United States. Independence Day is the National Day of the United States
Source: Wikipedia
O Dia da Independência dos Estados Unidos (em inglês: Independence Day of The Fourth of July) é um feriado nacional que celebra o dia 4 de julho nos Estados Unidos. Esse dia marca a Declaração de Independência de 1776, ano em que as Treze Colônias declararam a separação formal do Império Britânico. O Dia da Independência é o feriado mais festejado dos Estados Unidos e têm forte influência sobre a cultura americana em geral, tendo sido retratado nos mais diversos veículos de mídia. O Dia da Independência é igualmente o dia nacional dos Estados Unidos
Fonte: Wilipedia
Source: Scan of a photograph.
Date: April 1995.
Photographer: J. Williams.
Copyright: SBC.
Repository: Local Studies at Swindon Central Library.
Jefferson Bible source books open to cut-up pages to show the missing pieces
Explore every page of the book and learn more on our website.
Diamond Light Source is the UK's national synchrotron science facility located in Oxfordshire, United Kingdom. Its purpose is to produce intense beams of light whose special characteristics are useful in many areas of scientific research. In particular it can be used to investigate the structure and properties of a wide range of materials from proteins (to provide information for designing new and better drugs), and engineering components (such as a fan blade from an aero-engine to conservation of archeological artfacts (for example Henry VIII's flagship the Mary Rose. The facility's name is abbreviated to Diamond throughout this article.
copyright © 2008 sean dreilinger
view guitar hero grandma - _MG_5477 on a black background.
Source: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas
Dallas is the third largest city in Texas and the largest city in the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex, the fourth-largest metropolitan area in the United States at 7.5 million people. It is the largest city in and seat of Dallas County in the U.S. state of Texas with portions extending into Collin, Denton, Kaufman and Rockwall counties. With a 2020 census population of 1,304,379, it is the ninth most-populous city in the U.S. and the third-largest in Texas after Houston and San Antonio. Located in the North Texas region, the city of Dallas is the main core of the largest metropolitan area in the southern United States and the largest inland metropolitan area in the U.S. that lacks any navigable link to the sea.
The cities of Dallas and nearby Fort Worth were initially developed due to the construction of major railroad lines through the area allowing access to cotton, cattle and later oil in North and East Texas. The construction of the Interstate Highway System reinforced Dallas's prominence as a transportation hub, with four major interstate highways converging in the city and a fifth interstate loop around it. Dallas then developed as a strong industrial and financial center and a major inland port, due to the convergence of major railroad lines, interstate highways and the construction of Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport, one of the largest and busiest airports in the world. In addition, Dallas has DART (Dallas Area Rapid Transit) with different colored train lines that transport throughout the Metroplex.
Dominant sectors of its diverse economy include defense, financial services, information technology, telecommunications, and transportation. The Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex hosts 23 Fortune 500 companies, the second most in Texas and fourth most in the United States, and 11 of those companies are located within Dallas city limits. Over 41 colleges and universities are located within its metropolitan area, which is the most of any metropolitan area in Texas. The city has a population from a myriad of ethnic and religious backgrounds and one of the largest LGBT communities in the U.S. WalletHub named Dallas the fifth most diverse city in the United States in 2018.
Source: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas_Fort_Worth_International_Air...
Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport (IATA: DFW, ICAO: KDFW, FAA LID: DFW), also known as DFW Airport, is the primary international airport serving the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex and the North Texas Region in the U.S. state of Texas.
It is the largest hub for American Airlines, which is headquartered near the airport, and is the third-busiest airport in the world by aircraft movements and the second-busiest airport by passenger traffic in 2021, according to the Airports Council International. It is the ninth-busiest international gateway in the United States and the second-busiest international gateway in Texas (behind Houston-IAH). American Airlines at DFW is the second-largest single airline hub in the world and the United States, behind Delta Air Lines's hub in Atlanta.
Located roughly halfway between the major cities of Dallas and Fort Worth, DFW spills across portions of Dallas and Tarrant counties and includes portions of the cities of Grapevine, Irving, Euless, and Coppell. At 17,207 acres (6,963 hectares; 27 square miles), DFW is larger than the island of Manhattan, and is the second-largest airport by land area in the United States after Denver International Airport. It has its own post office ZIP Code, 75261, and United States Postal Service city designation ("DFW Airport, TX"), as well as its own police, fire protection, and emergency medical services.
As of June 2022, DFW Airport has service to 260 destinations from 28 scheduled airlines. In surpassing 200 destinations, DFW joined a small group of airports worldwide with that distinction.
In April 2022, DFW Airport was ranked as the second-busiest airport in the world with 62.5 million passengers in 2021.
Additional Foreign Language Tags:
(United States) "الولايات المتحدة" "Vereinigte Staaten" "アメリカ" "美国" "미국" "Estados Unidos" "États-Unis"
(Texas) "تكساس" "得克萨斯州" "टेक्सास" "テキサス" "텍사스" "Техас"
(Dallas - Fort Worth) "دالاس - فورت وورث" "达拉斯 - 沃思堡" "डलास - फोर्ट वर्थ" "ダラス - フォートワース" "댈러스 - 포트워스" "Даллас - Форт-Уэрт"
Production Date: Circa 1945
Source Type: Postcard
Printer, Publisher, Photographer: Powers News Agency, Tichnor Brothers (#83411)
Postmark: July 5, 1952, Colonial Heights, Virginia
Collection: Steven R. Shook
Tenney and Hilbert Published Market Price in 2009: $5-$10
Source: Tenney, Fred, and Kevin Hilbert. 2009. Large Letter Postcards: The Definitive Guide 1930s to 1950s. Atglen, Pennsylvania: Schiffer Publishing, Ltd. 176 p.
Copyright 2012. Some rights reserved. The associated text may not be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without prior written permission of Steven R. Shook.
Source: livinghistories.newcastle.edu.au/nodes/view/3965
This image was scanned from a negative in the Bert Lovett collection. It is part of the Norm Barney Photographic Collection, held by Cultural Collections at the University of Newcastle, NSW, Australia.
This image can be used for study and personal research purposes. If you wish to reproduce this image for any other purpose you must obtain permission by contacting the University of Newcastle's Cultural Collections.
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source: Wikipedia
元太祖'成吉思汗（蒙古语：，Činggis Qaγan，1162年－1227年8月25日），即元太祖，又稱成吉思可汗，蒙古族，蒙古帝国奠基者、政治家、世界史上傑出的军事统帅。名铁木真，孛儿只斤氏，蒙古'乞颜（起延）部人。1271年元朝建立後，忽必烈追尊成吉思汗庙号为太祖，諡號法天啟運聖武皇帝。
在他众子中，最为著名的四位分别是朮赤、察合臺、窩闊臺和拖雷。成吉思汗分封了朮赤和察合臺为国主，欽定窩闊臺为继承人。成吉思汗死後，拖雷自动退出继承人的選拔、擁護自己的三哥。征服金朝後，拖雷去世。
個人生平
[编辑]早年
成吉思汗父親為其乞顏部酋長也速該。其名字「鐵木真」之由來，乃是因為在他出生時，乞顏部正好俘虜到一位屬於敵對部族，名為鐵木真·兀格的勇士。按當時蒙古人信仰，在抓到敵對部落勇士時，如正好有嬰兒出生，該勇士的勇氣會轉移到該嬰兒身上。成吉思汗「鐵木真」之名遂因此而來。传说成吉思汗出生时，手中正拿著一血块，寓意天降將掌生殺大權。
鐵木真小時曾與札木合结拜为兄弟。後來其父遭塔塔兒族殺害（怀疑被毒死），身為長子的鐵木真，要攜母和弟妹們走到不峏罕山區，逃避塔塔兒族追捕長達數年，自此形成他剛毅忍辱性格。成年後，鐵木真之妻被抢，而他也落荒而逃至札木合處借兵报仇。自此两人的部落共同生活。其間鐵木真提拔一些非贵族的人为将领，引發札木合不满，最终导致决裂，札木合还伏击偷袭鐵木真的部队。
[编辑]討伐生涯
在鐵木真努力下，其部族再次強大。塔塔兒部首领蔑兀真笑里徒反抗金朝，金朝大将军完颜襄约克烈部王罕和铁木真联合出兵进攻塔塔兒，塔塔儿部大败，蔑兀真笑里徒被杀。鐵木真遂被金朝封為“札兀忽里”，即部落官。1201年，铁木真联合王罕，击败札木合部。并于次年全歼残余的塔塔兒人，憶起少年時幾遭塔塔兒所害，遂將多名塔塔兒士兵下鍋油炸，手法殘忍震驚蒙古諸部族。
1203年，王罕將鐵木真收為長子，導致桑昆跟鐵木真仇恨，札木合鼓動桑昆联合王罕夹击铁木真。这是铁木真经历的最为惨烈的一仗，他的軍隊只剩下4千6百餘人。他逃到贝尔湖以东才避过一劫。并在当年秋天突袭王罕驻地，三天后完全消灭克烈部。王罕逃到鄂尔浑河畔之后被乃蛮人杀死。而其子桑昆則逃到庫車，被當地人杀死。1206年，札木合被叛变的将领送到鐵木真之手，札木合请死，鐵木真殺了他。爾後，鐵木真統一蒙古草原的眾部族。1206年春天蒙古贵族们在斡难河（今鄂嫩河）源头召开大会，鐵木真得到了“成吉思汗”（蒙古語意為宇宙的大汗）的封號，这是蒙古帝國的開始。成吉思汗遂颁布了《成吉思汗法典》，是世界上第一套應用範圍最廣泛的成文法典，建立了一套以贵族民主為基礎的蒙古贵族共和政體制度。
此後，蒙古人開始擴張版圖，三次入侵西夏，逼使西夏向蒙古求和，然後進攻金國，在1211年的野狐嶺會戰大破四十萬金軍，1214年金遷都汴京，蒙古軍在次年攻陷中都，金國在黃河以北之地陸續失守。正當金國危在旦夕時，中亞的花剌子模與蒙古結怨，成吉思汗急於報仇，在1219年親率蒙古主力西征，金得以苟安一時。成吉思汗在西征時，先後消滅了西辽、花剌子模及許多國家，又派速不臺率領蒙古軍向欽察草原擴張。
[编辑]病死及疑團
成吉思汗回師後，再攻西夏。1227年七月，在蒙古軍圍困西夏首都時，成吉思汗病逝於今宁夏南部六盘山（一说灵州），终年66岁，死後葬在不爾罕山（今肯特山）接近斡難河源頭(Onon River)的地方，其死因至今眾說紛紜，《元史》记载：“（1227年）秋七月壬午，不豫。己丑，崩于萨里川啥老徒之行宫。”《元朝祕史》记载“成吉思坠马跌伤”[2]。罗马教廷使节约翰·普兰诺·加宾尼在《被我们称为鞑靼的蒙古人的历史》稱成吉思汗是可能是被雷电击中身亡。
在内蒙古自治区西部的鄂尔多斯高原上，有一座巍巍然屹立着的蒙古包式建筑宫殿，是成吉思汗的衣冠冢，它经过多次迁移，直到1954年才由湟中县的塔尔寺迁回故地伊金霍洛旗，北距包头市185公里. 每年的农历三月廿一、五月十五、八月十二和十月初三，为一年的四次大祭。
[编辑]麾下大將
呼和浩特的成吉思汗纪念碑
四兄弟：合撒兒、合赤溫、別勒古台、鐵木格
四狗(四犬,四勇,四先鋒)：哲別、速不臺、者勒蔑、忽必來
四傑(四骏)：木華黎、赤老溫、博爾忽、博爾朮
四子：朮赤、察合台、窩闊台、拖雷
四養子：闊闊出、失吉忽圖忽、博爾忽、帖木格
博爾濟、耶律楚材
二勇將：朮忽台，乎朮勒答兒
[编辑]家庭
[编辑]父母
也速該，鐵木真父親，從塔塔兒族手中奪走訶額侖，最後被其毒害。也速該死後，族人離散，令鐵木真一家被逼過著流離生活。
訶額侖，鐵木真母親
[编辑]兄弟姐妹
成吉思汗陵
合撒兒，訶額侖所生。曾因為通天巫闊闊出與之不和，挑起他與鐵木真發生爭執，最後在訶額侖責備下，鐵木真才肯罷休，後人稱此事為「掏乳救子」。
合赤溫，訶額侖所生
鐵木格，訶額侖所生
鐵木侖，女，訶額侖所生
別克帖兒，速赤吉勒（名字不确定，佩里奥特认为叫“速赤吉勒”）所生，後來被鐵木真所殺。
別勒古台，速赤吉勒所生
[编辑]妻妾
成吉思汗一共有后妃40多人，分居在四个斡兒朵（原意为毡帐，后来指宫室）中，以其正妻孛兒帖地位最高。
第一斡兒朵：
孛兒帖皇后
忽魯倫皇后
闊里桀擔皇后
脫忽思皇后
帖木倫皇后
亦憐真八剌皇后
不顏忽禿皇后
忽勝海妃子
成吉思汗陵前的牌坊
第二斡兒朵：
忽蘭皇后
古兒別速皇后
亦乞列真皇后
脫忽思皇后（與第一斡兒朵第四人同名）
也真妃子
也里忽禿妃子
察真妃子
哈剌真妃子
第三斡兒朵：
也遂皇后
也速干皇后
忽魯哈剌皇后
阿失侖皇后
禿兒哈剌皇后
察合皇后（西夏公主，李安全之女）
阿昔迷失皇后
完者忽都皇后
成吉思汗陵前的雕像
第四斡兒朵：
公主皇后（金岐國公主，衛紹王四女）
合答安皇后
斡者忽思皇后
燕里皇后
有禿該妃子
完者妃子
金蓮妃子
完者台妃子
奴倫妃子
卯真妃子
其他：
亦巴合別乞（克烈氏，札合敢不長女）
八不別乞妃子
[编辑]子女
据《元史》宗室世系表记载，成吉思汗有六个儿子，按出生顺序为
朮赤，孛兒帖所生，
察合臺，孛兒帖所生，
窩闊臺，孛兒帖所生，
拖雷，孛兒帖所生，
兀鲁赤，无后嗣，
阔列坚，忽兰所生。他虽然是庶子却很受父亲宠爱。后来他随拔都征俄罗斯的时候因箭伤而死。
其他没在《元史》宗室世系表记载儿子：
察兀儿，也速干所生。
术儿彻，乃蛮女所生。
有史载的成吉思汗女儿：
昌国大长公主，名火臣别吉（豁真別乞；火阿真伯姬，伯姬：音译，本作别乞。），孛兒帖所生，嫁给昌忠武王孛秃。笔者倾向于作火阿真伯姬解释：伯，长也，伯姬即长女，这样兼顾音义。《元史·本纪第一·太祖》：帝欲为长子术赤求婚于汪罕女抄儿伯姬，汪罕之孙秃撒合亦欲尚帝女火阿真伯姬，俱不谐，自是颇有违言。《圣武亲征录》也作“汪可汗之孙秃撒合亦求上公主火阿真伯姬”。
延安公主，名扯扯亦堅，孛兒帖所生。
赵国大长公主，名阿剌海别吉，孛兒帖所生，嫁给赵武毅王孛要合，无子。成吉思汗1206-1211年西征期间以及逝世以后，她以监国公主的身份代理朝政。《元史》列传第五称载她“明睿有智略，车驾征伐四出，尝使留守，军国大政，谘禀而后行，师出无内顾之忧，公主之力居多。”
郓国公主，名禿滿倫，孛兒帖所生，
阿兒答魯黑，又译作阿勒塔伦，按塔伦，又名阿勒塔鲁罕，孛兒帖所生幼女。嫁给斡勒忽讷兀惕部的泰出（又译作塔出）驸马。有子术真伯（又称扎兀儿薛禅），术真伯先后娶元宪宗蒙哥之女失邻公主和必赤合公主。
高昌公主，名也立可敦，嫁给亦都护巴而术·阿而忒·的斤。
成吉思汗陵区牌坊
[编辑]相關史料
《聖武親征錄》：“聖武”是成吉思汗的諡號“法天啟運聖武皇帝”的簡稱。該書記載了他一生征戰的事。
《史集》：波斯史學家拉施德丁撰寫。
“成吉思汗一日问那颜不儿古赤，人生何者最乐。答曰：“春日骑骏马，拳鹰鹘出猎，见其搏取猎物，斯为最乐。”汗以此问历询不儿古勒等诸将，诸将所答与不儿古赤同。汗曰：“不然。人生最大之乐，即在胜敌、逐敌、夺其所有，见其最亲之人以泪洗面，乘其马，纳其妻女也。””
—拉施特·哀丁《集史》
《蒙古秘史》
《元史·太祖本紀》
《蒙韃備錄》
[编辑]評價
明朝官修正史《元史》宋濂等的評價是：“帝深沉有大略，用兵如神，故能灭国四十，遂平西夏。其奇勋伟迹甚众，惜乎当时史官不备，或多失于纪载云。”[3]
刘乐土在《成吉思汗》一书中说：“成吉思汗是后人难以比肩的战争奇才。他逢敌必战、战必胜的神奇，将人类的军事天赋穷尽到了极点。”
柏楊在《中國人史綱》中給予成吉思汗極高度的評價：「鐵木真是歷史上最偉大的組織家暨軍事家之一，他在政治上和戰場上的光輝成就，在二十世紀之前，很少人可跟他媲美。鐵木真胸襟開闊，氣度恢宏，他用深得人心的公正態度統御他那每天都在膨脹的帝國，高度智慧使他發揮出高度的才能。」
英国学者莱穆在《全人类帝王成吉思汗》一书中说：“成吉思汗是比欧洲历史舞台上所有的优秀人物更大规模的征服者。他不是通常尺度能够衡量的人物。他所统率的军队的足迹不能以里数来计量，实际上只能以经纬度来衡量。”
印度前总理尼赫鲁在《怎样对待世界历史》一书中说：“蒙古人在战场上取得如此伟大的胜利，这并不靠兵马之众多，而靠的是严谨的纪律、制度和可行的组织。也可以说，那些辉煌的成就来自于成吉思汗的指挥艺术。”
《華盛頓郵報》評價，「成吉思汗是拉近世界距離最偉大的人。成吉思汗極完美地將人性的文明與野蠻兩個極端集於一身。」
「卡內基全球生態研究部」：「歷史上「最環保的侵略者」。因為殺人無數，讓大片耕地恢復成為森林，讓大氣中的碳大幅減量達７億噸！」[4]
Source: UCL Institute of Archaeology Collections, Air Survey Photographs Box: 251 (UCL0093564); Item: AP633
Type: Glass Plate (Gelatin Dry Plate Neg(?))
Date:
Container information: 47 ? Mosul Mosaic 633; 6.V.153
Photograph text: ; AP 633
Creator: Royal Air Force
Collection: Likely part of the original deposit of aerial photographs collected by O.G.S. Crawford in cooperation with Royal Air Force
All reproduction enquiries must be directed to UCL Institute of Archaeology Collections Manager Ian Carroll i.carroll@ucl.ac.uk
Source: Samuel Berg Collection, Newark Public Library.
Kastner Mansion (still standing) visible at extreme left.
The British Red Cross has worked with the communities in Haiti to identify environmental hazards, and funded infrastructure projects to help protect against future disasters. These projects include erosion and flood control, household water filters, sanitation education, and water source protection projects – such as this one in Chardonnieres, South Department.
Source: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boston
Boston, officially the City of Boston, is the capital and largest city of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts and the cultural and financial center of the New England region of the Northeastern United States. The city boundaries encompass an area of about 48.4 sq mi (125 km2) and a population of 675,647 as of 2020. The city is the economic and cultural anchor of a substantially larger metropolitan area known as Greater Boston, a metropolitan statistical area (MSA) home to 4,941,632 people as of 2020, ranking as the eleventh-largest MSA in the country. A broader combined statistical area (CSA), generally corresponding to the commuting area and including Worcester, Massachusetts and Providence, Rhode Island, is home to approximately 8.2 million people, making it the seventh-most populous in the United States.
Boston is one of the nation's oldest municipalities, founded on the Shawmut Peninsula in 1630 by Puritan settlers from the English town of the same name. During the American Revolution and the nation's founding, Boston was the location of several key events, including the Boston Massacre, the Boston Tea Party, the hanging of Paul Revere's lantern signal in Old North Church, the Battle of Bunker Hill, and the siege of Boston. Following American independence from Great Britain, the city continued to play an important role as a port, manufacturing hub, and center for American education and culture. The city has expanded beyond the original peninsula through land reclamation and municipal annexation. Its rich history attracts many tourists, with Faneuil Hall alone drawing more than 20 million visitors per year. Boston's many firsts include the United States' first public park (Boston Common, 1634), the first public school (Boston Latin School, 1635), the first subway system (Tremont Street subway, 1897), and the first large public library (Boston Public Library, 1848).
In the 21st century, Boston has emerged as a global leader in higher education and academic research. Greater Boston's many colleges and universities include Harvard University and MIT, both located in suburban Cambridge and both routinely included among the world's most highly ranked universities. The city is also a national leader in scientific research, law, medicine, engineering, and business. With nearly 5,000 startup companies, the city is considered a global pioneer in innovation and entrepreneurship. Boston's economic base also includes finance, professional and business services, biotechnology, information technology, and government activities. Households in the city claim the highest average rate of philanthropy in the United States. Boston businesses and institutions rank among the top in the country for environmental sustainability and new investment.
Source: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USS_Constitution
USS Constitution, also known as Old Ironsides, is a three-masted wooden-hulled heavy frigate of the United States Navy. The ship is the world's oldest commissioned naval warship still afloat. The ship was launched in 1797, one of six original frigates authorized for construction by the Naval Act of 1794 and the third constructed. The name "Constitution" was among ten names submitted to President George Washington by Secretary of War Timothy Pickering in March or May the frigates that were to be constructed. Joshua Humphreys designed the frigates to be the young Navy's capital ships, and so Constitution and its sister ships were larger and more heavily armed and built than standard frigates of the period. The ship was built at Edmund Hartt's shipyard in the North End of Boston, Massachusetts. Its first duties were to provide protection for American merchant shipping during the Quasi-War with France and to defeat the Barbary pirates in the First Barbary War.
Constitution is most noted for its actions during the War of 1812 against the United Kingdom, when the ship captured numerous merchant ships and defeated five British warships: HMS Guerriere, Java, Pictou, Cyane, and Levant. The battle with Guerriere earned itself the nickname "Old Ironsides", adding on the public adoration that had repeatedly saved it from scrapping. The ship continued to serve as flagship in the Mediterranean and African squadrons, and the ship circled the world in the 1840s. During the American Civil War, the ship served as a training ship for the United States Naval Academy. The ship carried American artwork and industrial displays to the Paris Exposition of 1878.
Constitution was retired from active service in 1881 and served as a receiving ship until being designated a museum ship in 1907. In 1934, it completed a three-year, 90-port tour of the nation. It sailed under its own power for its 200th birthday in 1997, and again in August 2012 to commemorate the 200th anniversary of its victory over Guerriere.
Constitution's stated mission today is to promote understanding of the Navy's role in war and peace through educational outreach, historical demonstration, and active participation in public events as part of the Naval History and Heritage Command. As it is a fully commissioned Navy ship, its crew of 75 officers and sailors participate in ceremonies, educational programs, and special events while keeping its open to visitors year round and providing free tours. The officers and crew are all active-duty Navy personnel, and the assignment is considered to be special duty. It is usually berthed at Pier 1 of the former Charlestown Navy Yard at one end of Boston's Freedom Trail.
Source: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boston_Navy_Yard
The Boston Navy Yard, originally called the Charlestown Navy Yard and later Boston Naval Shipyard, was one of the oldest shipbuilding facilities in the United States Navy. It was established in 1801 as part of the recent establishment of the new U.S. Department of the Navy in 1798. After 175 years of military service, it was decommissioned as a naval installation on 1 July 1974.
The 30-acre (12 ha) property is administered by the National Park Service, becoming part of Boston National Historical Park. Enough of the yard remains in operation to support the moored USS Constitution ("Old Ironsides") of 1797, built as one of the original six heavy frigates for the revived American navy, and the oldest warship still commissioned in the United States Navy and afloat in the world. USS Cassin Young (DD-793), a 1943 World War II-era Fletcher-class destroyer serving as a museum ship, is also berthed here. The museum area includes a dock which is a stop on the MBTA Boat water transport system. Among local people in the area and the National Park Service, it is still known as the Charlestown Navy Yard.
The South Boston Naval Annex was located along the waterfront in South Boston, an annex of the Navy Yard from 1920 to 1974. Other annexes of the Navy Yard during World War II were the Chelsea Naval Annex (formerly the Green Shipyard, now the Fitzgerald Shipyard), East Boston Naval Annex, and Boston Naval Yard Fuel Depot Annex.
Source: www.nps.gov/bost/learn/historyculture/cny.htm
About the Charlestown Navy Yard
The Charlestown Navy Yard built, repaired, modernized, and resupplied ships for 174 years. From here, ships and their sailors set off to places around the globe. Operationally and technologically, the Yard saw constant transformation and acted as a hub of innovation. When the Charlestown Navy Yard opened in 1800, it serviced wooden sailing ships and employed tradesmen such as carpenters, ropemakers, and ship riggers. When it closed in 1974, the Yard had welders, electricians, machinists, ironworkers, pipefitters, and engineers. Throughout the operation of the Navy Yard, generations of civilian workers took pride in their work and service to the country.
Today, explore the heart of the original Navy Yard. Visit the Charlestown Navy Yard Visitor Center where there are park staff available to answer questions, interactive exhibits, and public restrooms. Walk the decks of two historic warships that call the Navy Yard home: the undefeated sailing frigate USS Constitution and the 20th century Fletcher class destroyer USS Cassin Young. Further engage with this naval history at the USS Constitution Museum.
Additional Foreign Language Tags:
(United States) "الولايات المتحدة" "Vereinigte Staaten" "アメリカ" "美国" "미국" "Estados Unidos" "États-Unis"
(Massachusetts) "ماساتشوستس" "麻萨诸塞州" "मैसाचुसेट्स" "マサチューセッツ" "매사추세츠 주" "Массачусетс"
(Boston) "بوسطن" "波士顿" "बोस्टन" "ボストン" "보스턴" "Бостон"
SOURCE: Vogue Italia March 1999. SERIAL: # 03, Whole #583 suppliment. TITLE: Pret a Porter. PHOTO: Steven Meisel. MODEL: Malgosia Bela, Maggie Rizer. DESCRIPTION: Cover. ISSN: 00042-8027
Source: Scan of an original print.
Image: P...
Date: march 1995.
Photographer: J. Williams.
Copyright: ©1995 SBC (commissioned by Swindon Libraries).
Repository: Local Studies at Swindon Central Library.
Source: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toronto
Toronto is the provincial capital of Ontario. With a recorded population of 2,731,571 in 2016, it is the most populous city in Canada and the fourth most populous city in North America. The city is the anchor of the Golden Horseshoe, an urban agglomeration of 9,245,438 people (as of 2016) surrounding the western end of Lake Ontario, while the Greater Toronto Area (GTA) proper had a 2016 population of 6,417,516. Toronto is an international centre of business, finance, arts, and culture, and is recognized as one of the most multicultural and cosmopolitan cities in the world.
People have travelled through and inhabited the Toronto area, located on a broad sloping plateau interspersed with rivers, deep ravines, and urban forest, for more than 10,000 years. After the broadly disputed Toronto Purchase, when the Mississauga surrendered the area to the British Crown, the British established the town of York in 1793 and later designated it as the capital of Upper Canada. During the War of 1812, the town was the site of the Battle of York and suffered heavy damage by American troops. York was renamed and incorporated in 1834 as the city of Toronto. It was designated as the capital of the province of Ontario in 1867 during Canadian Confederation. The city proper has since expanded past its original borders through both annexation and amalgamation to its current area of 630.2 km2 (243.3 sq mi).
The diverse population of Toronto reflects its current and historical role as an important destination for immigrants to Canada. More than 50 percent of residents belong to a visible minority population group, and over 200 distinct ethnic origins are represented among its inhabitants. While the majority of Torontonians speak English as their primary language, over 160 languages are spoken in the city.
Toronto is a prominent centre for music, theatre, motion picture production, and television production, and is home to the headquarters of Canada's major national broadcast networks and media outlets. Its varied cultural institutions, which include numerous museums and galleries, festivals and public events, entertainment districts, national historic sites, and sports activities, attract over 43 million tourists each year. Toronto is known for its many skyscrapers and high-rise buildings, in particular the tallest free-standing structure in the Western Hemisphere, the CN Tower.
The city is home to the Toronto Stock Exchange, the headquarters of Canada's five largest banks, and the headquarters of many large Canadian and multinational corporations. Its economy is highly diversified with strengths in technology, design, financial services, life sciences, education, arts, fashion, aerospace, environmental innovation, food services, and tourism.
Source: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nathan_Phillips_Square
Nathan Phillips Square is an urban plaza in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It forms the forecourt to Toronto City Hall, or New City Hall, at the intersection of Queen Street West and Bay Street, and is named for Nathan Phillips, mayor of Toronto from 1955 to 1962. The square was designed by the City Hall's architect Viljo Revell and landscape architect Richard Strong. It opened in 1965. The square is the site of concerts, art displays, a weekly farmers' market, the winter festival of lights, and other public events, including demonstrations. During the winter months, the reflecting pool is converted into an ice rink for ice skating. The square attracts an estimated 1.5 million visitors yearly. With an area of 4.85 hectares (12.0 acres), it is Canada's largest city square.
Nathan Phillips Square is used regularly for art exhibits, concerts, rallies and other ceremonies. Annual events include a New Year's Eve Party and the Cavalcade of Lights Festival lighting of the official Christmas tree. The annual Nuit Blanche art festival sets up art exhibits in the Square, and has also utilized the parking garage located underneath the square.
Source: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toronto_City_Hall
The Toronto City Hall, or New City Hall, is the seat of the municipal government of Toronto, Ontario, Canada, and one of the city's most distinctive landmarks. Designed by Finnish architect Viljo Revell (with Heikki Castrén, Bengt Lundsten, and Seppo Valjus) and landscape architect Richard Strong, and engineered by Hannskarl Bandel, the building opened in 1965. It was built to replace Old City Hall, which had housed city offices since 1899. The current city hall, located at Nathan Phillips Square, is the city's fourth and was built to replace its predecessor which the city outgrew shortly after its completion.
Source: Scan of the Great Western Railway Magazine.
Ref: Vol.XXVII (No.8) : August 1915, p.207.
Copyright: GWR-BRWR-Crown.
Repository: Local Studies at Swindon Central Library.
Source: livinghistories.newcastle.edu.au/nodes/view/35228
This image was scanned from an album of cigarette packets collected during the 1940s by Greg Knodler. Mr Knodler has kindly donated the album to the University of Newcastle Library's Cultural Collections.
Please contact us if you are the subject of an image, or know the subject of an image, and have cultural or other reservations about the image being displayed on this website and would like to discuss it with us.
This image can be used for study and personal research purposes. If you wish to reproduce this image for any other purpose, please obtain permission by contacting the University Library's Cultural Collections.
The Catalyst Open Source Academy 2018 took place at Catalyst IT in Wellington, New Zealand, from 8 to 19 January 2018.
catalyst.net.nz/open-source-academy
On Day 4 the students learned about Git, testing, CSS and Javascript.
I've decided to take a cross-country (US) trip this "holiday", using only this source photo and an app or two. I'll keep everyone minimally posted with a daily update untilI I reach my destination on 12/25/13.
Fermilab Antiproton Source
The antiproton is the antiparticle of the proton. Antiprotons are stable, but they are typically short-lived since any collision with a proton will cause both particles to be annihilated in a burst of energy.
The existence of the antiproton with −1 electric charge, opposite to the +1 electric charge of the proton, was predicted by Paul Dirac in his 1933 Nobel Prize lecture. Dirac received the Nobel Prize for his previous 1928 publication of his Dirac Equation that predicted the existence of positive and negative solutions to the Energy Equation (E = mc^2) of Einstein and the existence of the positron, the antimatter analog to the electron, with positive charge and opposite spin.
The antiproton was experimentally confirmed in 1955 by University of California, Berkeley physicists Emilio Segrè and Owen Chamberlain, for which they were awarded the 1959 Nobel Prize in Physics. An antiproton consists of two up antiquark and one down antiquark (uud). The properties of the antiproton that have been measured all match the corresponding properties of the proton, with the exception that the antiproton has opposite electric charge and magnetic moment than the proton. The question of how matter is different from antimatter remains an open problem, in order to explain how our universe survived the Big Bang and why so little antimatter exists today.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antiproton
Fermilab Antiproton Source Department
Picture taken by Michael Kappel at Fermilab
View the high resolution image on my photo website
Source: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toronto
Toronto is the provincial capital of Ontario. With a recorded population of 2,731,571 in 2016, it is the most populous city in Canada and the fourth most populous city in North America. The city is the anchor of the Golden Horseshoe, an urban agglomeration of 9,245,438 people (as of 2016) surrounding the western end of Lake Ontario, while the Greater Toronto Area (GTA) proper had a 2016 population of 6,417,516. Toronto is an international centre of business, finance, arts, and culture, and is recognized as one of the most multicultural and cosmopolitan cities in the world.
People have travelled through and inhabited the Toronto area, located on a broad sloping plateau interspersed with rivers, deep ravines, and urban forest, for more than 10,000 years. After the broadly disputed Toronto Purchase, when the Mississauga surrendered the area to the British Crown, the British established the town of York in 1793 and later designated it as the capital of Upper Canada. During the War of 1812, the town was the site of the Battle of York and suffered heavy damage by American troops. York was renamed and incorporated in 1834 as the city of Toronto. It was designated as the capital of the province of Ontario in 1867 during Canadian Confederation. The city proper has since expanded past its original borders through both annexation and amalgamation to its current area of 630.2 km2 (243.3 sq mi).
The diverse population of Toronto reflects its current and historical role as an important destination for immigrants to Canada. More than 50 percent of residents belong to a visible minority population group, and over 200 distinct ethnic origins are represented among its inhabitants. While the majority of Torontonians speak English as their primary language, over 160 languages are spoken in the city.
Toronto is a prominent centre for music, theatre, motion picture production, and television production, and is home to the headquarters of Canada's major national broadcast networks and media outlets. Its varied cultural institutions, which include numerous museums and galleries, festivals and public events, entertainment districts, national historic sites, and sports activities, attract over 43 million tourists each year. Toronto is known for its many skyscrapers and high-rise buildings, in particular the tallest free-standing structure in the Western Hemisphere, the CN Tower.
The city is home to the Toronto Stock Exchange, the headquarters of Canada's five largest banks, and the headquarters of many large Canadian and multinational corporations. Its economy is highly diversified with strengths in technology, design, financial services, life sciences, education, arts, fashion, aerospace, environmental innovation, food services, and tourism.
CROATIAN CENTER of RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES (CCRES)• was founded in 1988 as the non-profit European Association for Renewable Energy that conducts its work independently of political parties, institutions, commercial enterprises and interest groups, • is dedicated to the cause of completely substituting for nuclear and fossil energy through renewable energy, • regards solar energy supply as essential to preserve the natural resources and a prerequisite for a sustainable economy,• acts to change conventional political priorities and common infrastructures in favor of renewable energy, from the local to the international level, • brings together expertise from the fields of politics, economy, science, and culture to promote the entry of solar energy, • provides the opportunity to play a part in the sociocultural movement for renewable energy by joining the association for everyone, • considers full renewable energy supply a momentous and visionary goal - the challenge of the century to humanity. CCRES Željko Serdar Head of association solarserdar@gmail.com
There is a 3 different sources of a light, one is a streetlight second one is from pillar of bridge and third one is a moon.
www.visualcomplexity.com/vc/project_details.cfm?id=396&am...
Lisa Strausfeld and James Nick Sears designed the illustrations for the cover story of the 3 December issue of The New York Times Magazine. The piece, titled "Open-Source Spying" is about whether blogs and wikis could be used by agencies like the C.I.A. and F.B.I. to combat terrorism. The visualizations create a three-dimensional space in which the physical relationship of actors, weapons and targets suggest their level of connection in an attack. An explanation about the visualizations, reprinted from the magazine:"A number of times each year, we find that our cover article is better suited to illustration than to photography (...) it could be that the substance of the reporting doesn't ultimately exist in the corporeal world - which is the case this week, with Clive Thompson's article on the intelligence community's quest to better utilize the tools of digital technology. Thompson, a contributing writer, reports regularly on high-tech matters. Lisa Strausfeld, who with James Nick Sears created the cover illustration and those accompanying Thompson's article, is a partner at the Pentagram design studio, where she heads a team specializing in digital-information projects ranging from software prototypes to computer-generated visualizations of the kind they created for us. Drawing on information maintained on a large counterterrorism database, the team created a pictorial equation in which terms that showed up most frequently in word searches interacted with one another. The resulting patterns are quite revealing, and quite beautiful."
Source reference: Priidu Saart, Visit Pärnu
Author: Priidu Saart
For details on using this image, please see the ABOUT page.
For more information, please contact info@visitparnu.com
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Allikaviide: Priidu Saart, Visit Pärnu
Autor: Priidu Saart
Loe täpsemalt, kuidas seda pilti kasutada ABOUT lehelt.
Vajadusel küsi lisainfot aadressil info@visitparnu.com