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UNATEK is an alpha website in Cyber Information Security Operations Center, for the security from the cyber crimes which are usualy occurs on an website. it gives you complete protection and makes your website totally secure. We also provide network security software which works on an cyber threat intelligence .
Every cell phone has a unique number assigned to it commonly known as IMEI which stands for International Mobile Equipment Identity. Internet providers use this number to track the owners surfing habits and locations for advertising purposes and they sell this info. Police would buy them to track the owners. Even though the info is supposed to be anonymous, it's not difficult to identify the phone owners as it shows the owners' home and work addresses.
As a law abiding citizen, I personally don't have any problem with the police using this tool as it can help solve crimes, as in the Eliza Fletcher kidnapping case, see below. However, one has to wonder if this kind of surveillance is against the 4th Amendment on searches without warrants.
How is this different from what China using cameras in public areas to track people? At least the Chinese people know they are being tracked with the presence of the cameras. We in the U.S. are being tracked without being told.
Indeed, during the IRA days in the UK, London police installed lots of surveillance cameras all over the City. And Foster City police has just solved a robbery with the help of a surveillance camera:
apnews.com/article/technology-police-government-surveilla...
Tech tool offers police mass surveillance on a budget
Local law enforcement agencies from suburban Southern California to rural North Carolina have been using an obscure cellphone tracking tool, at times without search warrants, that gives them the power to follow people’s movements months back in time, according to public records and internal emails obtained by The Associated Press.
Police have used “Fog Reveal” to search hundreds of billions of records from 250 million mobile devices, and harnessed the data to create location analyses known among law enforcement as “patterns of life,” according to thousands of pages of records about the company.
Sold by Virginia-based Fog Data Science LLC, Fog Reveal has been used since at least 2018 in criminal investigations ranging from the murder of a nurse in Arkansas to tracing the movements of a potential participant in the Jan. 6 insurrection at the Capitol. The tool is rarely, if ever, mentioned in court records, something that defense attorneys say makes it harder for them to properly defend their clients in cases in which the technology was used.
The company was developed by two former high-ranking Department of Homeland Security officials under former President George W. Bush. It relies on advertising identification numbers, which Fog officials say are culled from popular cellphone apps such as Waze, Starbucks and hundreds of others that target ads based on a person’s movements and interests, according to police emails. That information is then sold to companies like Fog.
“It’s sort of a mass surveillance program on a budget,” said Bennett Cyphers, a special adviser at the Electronic Frontier Foundation, a digital privacy rights advocacy group.
This story, supported by the Pulitzer Center for Crisis Reporting, is part of an ongoing Associated Press series, “Tracked,” that investigates the power and consequences of decisions driven by algorithms on people’s everyday lives.
The documents and emails were obtained by EFF through Freedom of Information Act requests. The group shared the files with The AP, which independently found that Fog sold its software in about 40 contracts to nearly two dozen agencies, according to GovSpend, a company that keeps tabs on government spending. The records and AP’s reporting provide the first public account of the extensive use of Fog Reveal by local police, according to analysts and legal experts who scrutinize such technologies.
Federal oversight of companies like Fog is an evolving legal landscape. On Monday, the Federal Trade Commission sued a data broker called Kochava that, like Fog, provides its clients with advertising IDs that authorities say can easily be used to find where a mobile device user lives, which violates rules the commission enforces. And there are bills before Congress now that, if passed, would regulate the industry.
“Local law enforcement is at the front lines of trafficking and missing persons cases, yet these departments are often behind in technology adoption,” Matthew Broderick, a Fog managing partner, said in an email. “We fill a gap for underfunded and understaffed departments.”
Because of the secrecy surrounding Fog, however, there are scant details about its use and most law enforcement agencies won’t discuss it, raising concerns among privacy advocates that it violates the Fourth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, which protects against unreasonable search and seizure.
What distinguishes Fog Reveal from other cellphone location technologies used by police is that it follows the devices through their advertising IDs, unique numbers assigned to each device. These numbers do not contain the name of the phone’s user, but can be traced to homes and workplaces to help police establish pattern-of-life analyses.
“The capability that it had for bringing up just anybody in an area whether they were in public or at home seemed to me to be a very clear violation of the Fourth Amendment,” said Davin Hall, a former crime data analysis supervisor for the Greensboro, North Carolina, Police Department. “I just feel angry and betrayed and lied to.”
Hall resigned in late 2020 after months of voicing concerns about the department’s use of Fog to police attorneys and the city council.
While Greensboro officials acknowledged Fog’s use and initially defended it, the police department said it allowed its subscription to expire earlier this year because it didn’t “independently benefit investigations.”
But federal, state and local police agencies around the U.S. continue to use Fog with very little public accountability. Local police agencies have been enticed by Fog’s affordable price: It can start as low as $7,500 a year. And some departments that license it have shared access with other nearby law enforcement agencies, the emails show.
Police departments also like how quickly they can access detailed location information from Fog. Geofence warrants, which tap into GPS and other sources to track a device, are accessed by obtaining such data from companies, like Google or Apple. This requires police to obtain a warrant and ask the tech companies for the specific data they want, which can take days or weeks.
Using Fog’s data, which the company claims is anonymized, police can geofence an area or search by a specific device’s ad ID numbers, according to a user agreement obtained by AP. But, Fog maintains that “we have no way of linking signals back to a specific device or owner,” according to a sales representative who emailed the California Highway Patrol in 2018, after a lieutenant asked whether the tool could be legally used.
Despite such privacy assurances, the records show that law enforcement can use Fog’s data as a clue to find identifying information. “There is no (personal information) linked to the (ad ID),” wrote a Missouri official about Fog in 2019. “But if we are good at what we do, we should be able to figure out the owner.”
Fog’s Broderick said in an email that the company does not have access to people’s personal information, and draws from “commercially available data without restrictions to use,” from data brokers “that legitimately purchase data from apps in accordance with their legal agreements.” The company refused to share information about how many police agencies it works with.
“We are confident Law Enforcement has the responsible leadership, constraints, and political guidance at the municipal, state, and federal level to ensure that any law enforcement tool and method is appropriately used in accordance with the laws in their respective jurisdictions,” Broderick said in the email.
“Search warrants are not required for the use of the public data,” he added Thursday, saying that the data his product offers law enforcement is “lead data” and should not be used to establish probable cause.
___
Kevin Metcalf, a prosecutor in Washington County, Arkansas, said he has used Fog Reveal without a warrant, especially in “exigent circumstances.” In these cases, the law provides a warrant exemption when a crime-in-process endangers people or an officer.
Metcalf also leads the National Child Protection Task Force, a nonprofit that combats child exploitation and trafficking. Fog is listed on its website as a task force sponsor and a company executive chairs the nonprofit’s board. Metcalf said Fog has been invaluable to cracking missing children cases and homicides.
“We push the limits, but we do them in a way that we target the bad guys,” he said. “Time is of the essence in those situations. We can’t wait on the traditional search warrant route.”
Fog was used successfully in the murder case of 25-year-old nurse Sydney Sutherland, who had last been seen jogging near Newport, Arkansas, before she disappeared, Metcalf said.
Police had little evidence to go on when they found her phone in a ditch, so Metcalf said he shared his agency’s access to Fog with the U.S. Marshals Service to figure out which other devices had been nearby at the time she was killed. He said Fog helped lead authorities to arrest a farmer in Sutherland’s rape and murder in August 2020, but its use was not documented in court records reviewed by AP.
Cyphers, who led EFF’s public records work, said there hasn’t been any previous record of companies selling this kind of granular data directly to local law enforcement.
“We’re seeing counties with less than 100,000 people where the sheriff is using this extremely high tech, extremely invasive, secretive surveillance tool to chase down local crime,” Cyphers said.
One such customer is the sheriff’s office in rural Rockingham County, North Carolina, population 91,000 and just north of Greensboro, where Hall still lives. The county bought a one-year license for $9,000 last year and recently renewed it.
“Rockingham County is tiny in terms of population. It never ceases to amaze me how small agencies will scoop up tools that they just absolutely don’t need, and nobody needs this one,” Hall said.
Sheriff’s spokesman Lt. Kevin Suthard confirmed the department recently renewed its license but declined to offer specifics about the use of Fog Reveal or how the office protects individuals’ rights.
“Because it would then be less effective as criminals could be cognizant that we have the device and adjust their commission of the crimes accordingly. Make sense?” Suthard said.
Fog has aggressively marketed its tool to police, even beta testing it with law enforcement, records show. The Dallas Police Department bought a Fog license in February after getting a free trial and “seeing a demonstration and hearing of success stories from the company,” Senior Cpl. Melinda Gutierrez, a department spokeswoman, said in an email.
Fog’s tool is accessed through a web portal. Investigators can enter a crime scene’s coordinates into the database, which brings back search results showing a device’s Fog ID, which is based on its unique ad ID number.
Police can see which device IDs were found near the location of the crime. Detectives or other officers can also search the location for IDs going forward from the time of the crime and back at least 180 days, according to the company’s user license agreement.
The emails and Fog’s Broderick contend the tool can actually search back years, however. Emails from a Fog representative to Florida and California law enforcement agencies said the tool’s data stretched back as far as June 2017. On Thursday Broderick, who had previously refused to address the question, said it “only has a three year reach back.”
While the data does not directly identify who owns a device, the company often gives law enforcement information it needs to connect it to addresses and other clues that help detectives figure out people’s identities, according to company representatives’ emails.
It is unclear how Fog makes these connections, but a company it refers to as its “data partner” called Venntel, Inc. has access to an even greater trove of users’ mobile data.
Venntel is a large broker that has supplied location data to agencies such as Immigration and Customs Enforcement and the FBI. The Department of Homeland Security’s watchdog is auditing how the offices under its control have used commercial data. That comes after some Democratic lawmakers asked it to investigate U.S. Customs and Border Protection’s use of Venntel data to track people without a search warrant in 2020. The company also has faced congressional inquiries about privacy concerns tied to federal law enforcement agencies’ use of its data.
Venntel and Fog work closely together to aid police detectives during investigations, emails show. Their marketing brochures are nearly identical, too, and Venntel staff has recommended Fog to law enforcement, according to the emails. Venntel said “the confidential nature of our business relationships” prevented it from responding to AP’s specific questions, and Fog would not comment on the relationship.
While Fog says in its marketing materials that it collects data from thousands of apps, like Starbucks and Waze, companies are not always aware of who is using their data. Venntel and Fog can collect billions of data points filled with detailed information because many apps embed invisible tracking software that follows users’ behavior. This software also lets the apps sell customized ads that are targeted to a person’s current location. In turn, data brokers’ software can hoover up personal data that can be used for other purposes.
Prior to publication, Fog’s Broderick refused to say how the company got data from Starbucks and Waze. But on Thursday, he said he did not know how data aggregators collected the information Fog Reveal draws from, or the specific apps from which the data was drawn.
For their part, Starbucks and Waze denied any relationship to Fog. Starbucks said it had not given permission to its business partners to share customer information with Fog.
“Starbucks has not approved Ad ID data generated by our app to be used in this way by Fog Data Science LLC. In our review to date, we have no relationship with this company,” said Megan Adams, a Starbucks spokesperson.
“We have never had a relationship with Fog Data Science, have not worked with them in any capacity, and have not shared information with them,” a Waze spokesperson said.
___
Fog Data Science LLC is headquartered in a nondescript brick building in Leesburg, Virginia. It also has related entities in New Jersey, Ohio and Texas.
It was founded in 2016 by Robert Liscouski, who led the Department of Homeland Security’s National Cyber Security Division in the George W. Bush adminstration. His colleague, Broderick, is a former U.S. Marine brigadier general who ran DHS’ tech hub, the Homeland Security Operations Center, during Hurricane Katrina in 2005. A House bipartisan committee report cited Broderick among others for failing to coordinate a swift federal response to the deadly hurricane. Broderick resigned from DHS shortly thereafter.
In marketing materials, Fog also has touted its ability to offer police “predictive analytics,” a buzzword often used to describe high-tech policing tools that purport to predict crime hotspots. Liscouski and another Fog official have worked at companies focused on predictive analytics, machine learning and software platforms supporting artificial intelligence.
“It is capable of delivering both forensic and predictive analytics and near real-time insights on the daily movements of the people identified with those mobile devices,” reads an email announcing a Fog training last year for members of the National Fusion Center Association, which represents a network of intelligence-sharing partnerships created after the Sept. 11 attacks.
Fog’s Broderick said the company had not invested in predictive applications, and provided no details about any uses the tool had for predicting crime.
Despite privacy advocates’ concerns about warrantless surveillance, Fog Reveal has caught on with local and state police forces. It’s been used in a number of high-profile criminal cases, including one that was the subject of the television program “48 Hours.”
In 2017, a world-renowned exotic snake breeder was found dead, lying in a pool of blood in his reptile breeding facility in rural Missouri. Police initially thought the breeder, Ben Renick, might have died from a poisonous snake bite. But the evidence soon pointed to murder.
During its investigation, emails show the Missouri State Highway Patrol used Fog’s portal to search for cellphones at Renick’s home and breeding facility and zeroed in on a mobile device. Working with Fog, investigators used the data to identify the phone owner’s identity: it was the Renicks’ babysitter.
Police were able to log the babysitter’s whereabouts over time to create a pattern of life analysis.
It turned out to be a dead-end lead. Renick’s wife, Lynlee, later was charged and convicted of the murder.
Prosecutors did not cite Fog in a list of other tools they used in the investigation, according to trial exhibits examined by the AP.
But Missouri officials seemed pleased with Fog’s capabilities, even though it didn’t directly lead to an arrest. “It was interesting to see that the system did pick up a device that was absolutely in the area that day. Too bad it did not belong to a suspect!” a Missouri State Highway Patrol analyst wrote in an email to Fog.
In another high-profile criminal probe, records show the FBI asked state intelligence officials in Iowa for help with Fog as it investigated potential participants in the events at the U.S. Capitol on Jan. 6.
“Not definitive but still waiting to talk things over with a FOG rep,” wrote Justin Parker, deputy director of the Iowa Department of Public Safety, in an email to an FBI official in September 2021. It was unclear from the emails if Fog’s data factored into an arrest. Iowa officials did not respond and the FBI declined to comment.
___
Metcalf, the Arkansas prosecutor, has argued against congressional efforts to require search warrants when using technologies like Fog Reveal.
He believes Americans have given up any reasonable expectation of privacy when they use free apps and likens EFF’s objections to tech like Fog to a “cult of privacy.”
“I think people are going to have to make a decision on whether we want all this free technology, we want all this free stuff, we want all the selfies,” he said. “But we can’t have that and at the same time say, ‘I’m a private person, so you can’t look at any of that.’ That just seems crazy.”
Although he is not an official Fog employee, Metcalf said he would step in to lead training sessions including the tool for federal prosecutors, federal agencies and police, including the Chicago Police Department, the emails show.
That kind of hands-on service and word-of-mouth marketing in tight-knit law enforcement circles seems to have helped increase Fog’s popularity.
The Maryland State Police is among the many agencies that have had contracts for Fog Reveal, and records show investigators believed it had a lot of potential.
“Companies have receptors all over. Malls, shopping centers, etc. They’re all around you,” wrote Sgt. John Bedell of the Criminal Enforcement Division, in an email to a colleague. The agency purchased a year of access to Fog in 2018.
“Picture getting a suspect’s phone then in the extraction being able to see everyplace they’d been in the last 18 months plotted on a map you filter by date ranges,” wrote Bedell. “The success lies in the secrecy.”
Elena Russo, a spokesperson for the agency, confirmed it had a Fog license previously but that it had lapsed. “Unfortunately, it was not helpful in solving any crimes,” she wrote in an email.
Still, as more local policing agencies sign up for Fog, some elected officials said they have been left in the dark. Several officials said there wasn’t enough information to grasp what services Fog actually provides.
“Who is this company? What are the track records? What are the privacy protections?” asked Anaheim council member Jose Moreno, remembering his confusion about Fog during a 2020 council meeting. “That night our chief had very little information for us.”
In Anaheim, the Fog license was paid for by a federal “Urban Area Security Initiative,” DHS grants that help localities fund efforts to prevent terrorism. A police spokesman said the department has not used it.
Defense attorneys worry there are few legal restrictions on law enforcement’s use of location data.
It’s a gap police agencies exploit, and often don’t disclose in court, said Michael Price, litigation director of the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers’ Fourth Amendment Center.
“(Fog) is exceedingly rare to see in the wild because the cops often don’t get warrants,” said Price.
“Even if you do ask for (information) sometimes they say ‘We don’t know what you are talking about.’”
Privacy advocates worry Fog’s location tracking could be put to other novel uses, like keeping tabs on people who seek abortions in states where it is now illegal. These concerns were heightened when a Nebraska woman was charged in August with helping her teenage daughter end a pregnancy after investigators got hold of their Facebook messages.
Government’s use of location data is still being weighed by the courts, too. In 2018, the Supreme Court ruled that police generally need a warrant to look at records that reveal where cellphone users have been.
Nearly two years after walking off the crime data supervisor job with the Greensboro police force, Hall still worries about police surveillance in neighboring communities.
“Anyone with that login information can do as many searches as they want,” Hall said. “I don’t believe the police have earned the trust to use that, and I don’t believe it should be legal.”
www.yahoo.com/news/man-charged-kidnapping-missing-memphis...
Man charged with kidnapping missing Memphis jogger Eliza Fletcher
DNA from Eliza Fletcher's sandals led police to charge a suspect in connection with her disappearance Friday as she was running near the University of Memphis in Tennessee, police said Sunday.
Cleotha Abston, 38, “has been charged with especially aggravated kidnapping and tampering with evidence,” Memphis police said in a statement.
Fletcher, 34, who disappeared on a 4 a.m. run, “has not been located at this time,” police said.
A pair of Champion slide sandals recovered from the area where Fletcher disappeared bore DNA matching that of Abston, according to an affidavit obtained by NBC News. Fletcher's phone was found with the sandals.
Security video from the scene showed "a black GMC Terrain passing and then waiting for the victim to run by," according to the document. A male then exited the car, ran aggressively toward Fletcher and forced her into the passenger's seat.
"During this abduction, there appeared to be a struggle," the document said. "The Champion slides sandals were found in this area. The vehicle then sat in the parking lot with the victim inside for approximately four minutes before it drove off."
Cellular records obtained by investigators are alleged to have determined that Abston's cellphone was near the site when Fletcher was forced into the car.
Officers arrested Abston on Saturday after they found the GMC Terrain with a matching license plate number in a parking lot by Abston's residence, the affidavit said. Abston tried to flee but was ultimately taken into custody.
Mario Abston, 36, Cleotha Abston’s brother, was also arrested, but he is not believed to be connected to Fletcher’s abduction, authorities said. He was charged with drug and firearms offenses, police tweeted.
Police said Abston declined to tell investigators whether he knew where Fletcher was.
Investigators said they believe that Fletcher "suffered serious injury" because of the violent nature of the abduction and that based on witness statements, the injuries left evidence, like blood, in Abston's car.
Abston will be arraigned by video at 9 a.m. Tuesday.
Investigators continue to search for Fletcher, a kindergarten teacher and mother of two, the police statement said.
“This remains to be an active and ongoing investigation,” it said.
In an earlier statement, police said Fletcher’s personal items had been recovered. At the time she was kidnapped, she was wearing purple jogging shorts and a pink top.
“Liza has touched the hearts of many people,” Michael Keeney, Fletcher’s uncle, said in a statement Saturday on behalf of the family, noting an outpouring of support and goodwill for the Fletcher, an avid runner.
“More than anything we want to see Liza returned home safely,” he said.
The family has put up a $50,000 reward for information leading to her safe return, NBC affiliate WMC of Memphis reported.
Terna è in prima linea nella protezione di una delle maggiori infrastrutture strategiche del Paese. Il Security Operations Center (S.O.C.) è la struttura tecnologicamente avanzata che garantisce la gestione e l'analisi di milioni di dati informatici e di sicurezza fisica 24 ore su 24.
S.O.C. Security Operations Center
Terna is a frontrunner as far as protection of one of the countries’ strategic infrastructures is concerned. The System Operations Centre is a technologically advanced structure that guarantees management and analysis of millions of data and physical security 24 a day.
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory’s expert security staff contribute to the Laboratory’s operational success by providing efficient and effective systems, processes, tools, and services that enable staff to conduct their work in a safe, compliant and environmentally sound manner.
In this photo: Jake Burns and Scott Thompson
For more information, visit www.pnl.gov/news/
Terms of Use: Our images are freely and publicly available for use with the credit line, "Courtesy of Pacific Northwest National Laboratory." Please use provided caption information for use in appropriate context.
JACKSONVILLE, Fla.— Oakleaf High School’s Aerospace Academy recently toured U.S. Customs and Border Protection’s (CBP) Air and Marine Operations (AMO) National Air Security Operations Center (NASOC–J ) in Jacksonville, Florida. The mission of Oakleaf’s Aerospace Academy is to prepare students for successful careers in the aerospace industry. It is the goal of the academy to create a life-long love of aviation by providing relevant learning experiences. CBP’s Air and Marine Operations did just that by facilitating the tour.
Photo provided by: Oziel Trevino
Maj. Christine Pierce, the Pennsylvania National Guard Defensive Cyber Operations Elements team chief, and Scott Poley, security operations center supervisor at FirstEnergy, complete a practical exercise as part of a cybersecurity course during exercise Cyber Shield 17 at Camp Williams, Utah, April 28, 2017. (Photo by Sgt. Michael Giles)
READ A FULL STORY AT www.army.mil/article/187046
February 22, 2022- New York City (Brooklyn), NY - Governor Kathy Hochul announces formation of Joint Security Operations Center to Oversee Cybersecurity across the State (Darren McGee- Office of Governor Kathy Hochul)
Senior AMISOM, UN and SPF officials pose for a group photo at the end of a three-day training on running election security operation center's known as Joint Operation Centres (JOCs) for top commanders of the Somali Police Force (SPF). The training was facilitated by the police component of the African Union Mission in Somalia (AMISOM) held in Mogadishu, Somalia on 25 November 2021.
AMISOM Photo / Mukhtar Nuur
Washington, D.C. (January 28, 2021) Acting Homeland Security Secretary David Pekoske toured the St. Elizabeth's Campus Security Operation Center.
Governor Kay Ivey joined the Office of Information Technology (OIT) to officially open the state’s Security Operations Center (SOC) Monday October 1, 2018 in Montgomery, Ala. •OIT has also launched the state’s cybersecurity website, which is designed to help citizen awareness and provides resources for parents, children, business leaders and any citizens with cybersecurity concerns. (Governor's Office/Hal Yeager)
Mobile security is the protection of smartphones, tablets, laptops and other portable computing devices, and the networks they connect to, from threats. Unatek secures the mobiles also.
Inaugurazione del nuovo Security Operation Center, svoltasi il 12.07.2018 presso la sede principale di Yarix a Montebelluna.
Governor Maura Healey joins Secretary of Public Safety and Security Terrence Riedy and Massachusetts Emergency Management Agency Acting Director Dawn Brantley to thank security teams for protecting residents and visitors during the 127th Boston Marathon at the MEMA bunker and Homeland Security Operations Center in Framingham on April 17, 2023. [Joshua Qualls/Governor’s Press Office]
Mayor Eric Adams and New York Governor Kathy Hochul, along with the mayors of Albany, Buffalo, Rochester, Syracuse, and Yonkers, unveil the new Joint Security Operations Center (JSOC) that will bolster New York State’s ability to combat cybersecurity threats and attacks. 11 MetroTech Center, Brooklyn. Tuesday, February 22, 2022. Credit: Ed Reed/Mayoral Photography Office.
Mayor Eric Adams and New York Governor Kathy Hochul, along with the mayors of Albany, Buffalo, Rochester, Syracuse, and Yonkers, unveil the new Joint Security Operations Center (JSOC) that will bolster New York State’s ability to combat cybersecurity threats and attacks. 11 MetroTech Center, Brooklyn. Tuesday, February 22, 2022. Credit: Ed Reed/Mayoral Photography Office.
This gallery is provided by the New York City Mayoral Photography Office (MPO) for the benefit of the general public and for dissemination by members of the media. The photograph may not be manipulated in any way and may not be used in commercial materials, advertisements, emails, products or promotions that in any way suggests approval or endorsement of the City of New York, the Mayoral administration, or Mayor Eric Adams without prior consent from the MPO (PhotoOffice@cityhall.nyc.gov). Any use or reprinting of official MPO photographs must use the following credit language and style: “Photographer/Mayoral Photography Office”, as listed at the end of each caption.
Mayor Eric Adams and New York Governor Kathy Hochul, along with the mayors of Albany, Buffalo, Rochester, Syracuse, and Yonkers, unveil the new Joint Security Operations Center (JSOC) that will bolster New York State’s ability to combat cybersecurity threats and attacks. 11 MetroTech Center, Brooklyn. Tuesday, February 22, 2022. Credit: Ed Reed/Mayoral Photography Office.
Mayor Eric Adams and New York Governor Kathy Hochul, along with the mayors of Albany, Buffalo, Rochester, Syracuse, and Yonkers, unveil the new Joint Security Operations Center (JSOC) that will bolster New York State’s ability to combat cybersecurity threats and attacks. 11 MetroTech Center, Brooklyn. Tuesday, February 22, 2022. Credit: Ed Reed/Mayoral Photography Office.
Mayor Eric Adams and New York Governor Kathy Hochul, along with the mayors of Albany, Buffalo, Rochester, Syracuse, and Yonkers, unveil the new Joint Security Operations Center (JSOC) that will bolster New York State’s ability to combat cybersecurity threats and attacks. 11 MetroTech Center, Brooklyn. Tuesday, February 22, 2022. Credit: Ed Reed/Mayoral Photography Office.
Mayor Eric Adams and New York Governor Kathy Hochul, along with the mayors of Albany, Buffalo, Rochester, Syracuse, and Yonkers, unveil the new Joint Security Operations Center (JSOC) that will bolster New York State’s ability to combat cybersecurity threats and attacks. 11 MetroTech Center, Brooklyn. Tuesday, February 22, 2022. Credit: Ed Reed/Mayoral Photography Office.
P-3B N423SK (BuNo 153423) operated by National Air Security Operations Center at NAS Corpus Christi, Texas, on 23 September 2014
Mayor Eric Adams and New York Governor Kathy Hochul, along with the mayors of Albany, Buffalo, Rochester, Syracuse, and Yonkers, unveil the new Joint Security Operations Center (JSOC) that will bolster New York State’s ability to combat cybersecurity threats and attacks. 11 MetroTech Center, Brooklyn. Tuesday, February 22, 2022. Credit: Ed Reed/Mayoral Photography Office.
Reserve Officer Training Corps (ROTC) cadets representing 12 universities across the U.S. get a briefing from the Augusta University Security Operation Center at the Georgia Cyber Center in Augusta, Ga., as part of a four-week ROTC internship with ARCYBER, July 25-Aug. 21, 2022. For a story and more photos on this year's program, go to www.army.mil/article/259791 (Photo by Maj. Joe Huitt)
February 22, 2022- New York City (Brooklyn), NY - Governor Kathy Hochul announces formation of Joint Security Operations Center to Oversee Cybersecurity across the State (Darren McGee- Office of Governor Kathy Hochul)
February 22, 2022- New York City (Brooklyn), NY - Governor Kathy Hochul announces formation of Joint Security Operations Center to Oversee Cybersecurity across the State (Darren McGee- Office of Governor Kathy Hochul)
February 22, 2022- New York City (Brooklyn), NY - Governor Kathy Hochul announces formation of Joint Security Operations Center to Oversee Cybersecurity across the State (Darren McGee- Office of Governor Kathy Hochul)
February 22, 2022- New York City (Brooklyn), NY - Governor Kathy Hochul announces formation of Joint Security Operations Center to Oversee Cybersecurity across the State (Darren McGee- Office of Governor Kathy Hochul)
February 22, 2022- New York City (Brooklyn), NY - Governor Kathy Hochul announces formation of Joint Security Operations Center to Oversee Cybersecurity across the State (Darren McGee- Office of Governor Kathy Hochul)
February 22, 2022- New York City (Brooklyn), NY - Governor Kathy Hochul announces formation of Joint Security Operations Center to Oversee Cybersecurity across the State (Darren McGee- Office of Governor Kathy Hochul)
February 22, 2022- New York City (Brooklyn), NY - Governor Kathy Hochul announces formation of Joint Security Operations Center to Oversee Cybersecurity across the State (Darren McGee- Office of Governor Kathy Hochul)
www.prolexic.com/ - The DDoS attack landscape is constantly changing, as attackers change their strategies and deploy new DDoS weapons. This image provides a quick breakdown of the most popular DDoS attack vectors used against Prolexic clients in Q3 2013.
March 15, 2022 - Brooklyn - Governor Kathy Hochul meets with White House Deputy National Security Advisor for Cyber and Emerging Technology Anne Neuberger at the New York City / New York State Joint Security Operations Center in Brooklyn Tuesday March 15, 2022. (Kevin P. Coughlin / Office of Governor Kathy Hochul)
March 15, 2022 - Brooklyn - Governor Kathy Hochul meets with White House Deputy National Security Advisor for Cyber and Emerging Technology Anne Neuberger at the New York City / New York State Joint Security Operations Center in Brooklyn Tuesday March 15, 2022. (Kevin P. Coughlin / Office of Governor Kathy Hochul)
March 15, 2022 - Brooklyn - Governor Kathy Hochul meets with White House Deputy National Security Advisor for Cyber and Emerging Technology Anne Neuberger at the New York City / New York State Joint Security Operations Center in Brooklyn Tuesday March 15, 2022. (Kevin P. Coughlin / Office of Governor Kathy Hochul)
In Visual Command Center, a database of employees trained in CRP and AEDs -- including their regular work stations, pages, cell phone numbers -- has been configured and integrated using SharePoint. As soon as an emergency call comes in, Security Operations Center operators can rapidly locate the victim, and use a spatial query to identify, notify, and route the nearest CPR-trained rescuer.
(In this screen shot, an incident has been triggered in the Security Operation Center, and the operator has been alerted to the location of a possible heart attack victim.)
March 15, 2022 - Brooklyn - Governor Kathy Hochul meets with White House Deputy National Security Advisor for Cyber and Emerging Technology Anne Neuberger at the New York City / New York State Joint Security Operations Center in Brooklyn Tuesday March 15, 2022. (Kevin P. Coughlin / Office of Governor Kathy Hochul)
Using Visual Command Center, SOC operators can route EMS and ambulance teams to the victim – to the building, floor, and precise location – using the most efficient route.
(Using the built-in routing, security operations center operators assist 911 dispatchers with inbound routing of the EMS team. "Meet us at the entrance on Beekman Street, 50 yards north of Front street. It's the fastest route, and our officer will escort you to the victim.")
March 15, 2022 - Brooklyn - Governor Kathy Hochul meets with White House Deputy National Security Advisor for Cyber and Emerging Technology Anne Neuberger at the New York City / New York State Joint Security Operations Center in Brooklyn Tuesday March 15, 2022. (Kevin P. Coughlin / Office of Governor Kathy Hochul)
March 15, 2022 - Brooklyn - Governor Kathy Hochul meets with White House Deputy National Security Advisor for Cyber and Emerging Technology Anne Neuberger at the New York City / New York State Joint Security Operations Center in Brooklyn Tuesday March 15, 2022. (Kevin P. Coughlin / Office of Governor Kathy Hochul)
March 15, 2022 - Brooklyn - Governor Kathy Hochul meets with White House Deputy National Security Advisor for Cyber and Emerging Technology Anne Neuberger at the New York City / New York State Joint Security Operations Center in Brooklyn Tuesday March 15, 2022. (Kevin P. Coughlin / Office of Governor Kathy Hochul)
March 15, 2022 - Brooklyn - Governor Kathy Hochul meets with White House Deputy National Security Advisor for Cyber and Emerging Technology Anne Neuberger at the New York City / New York State Joint Security Operations Center in Brooklyn Tuesday March 15, 2022. (Kevin P. Coughlin / Office of Governor Kathy Hochul)
Governor Kay Ivey joined the Office of Information Technology (OIT) to officially open the state’s Security Operations Center (SOC) Monday October 1, 2018 in Montgomery, Ala. •OIT has also launched the state’s cybersecurity website, which is designed to help citizen awareness and provides resources for parents, children, business leaders and any citizens with cybersecurity concerns. (Governor's Office/Hal Yeager)
Washington, D.C. (January 28, 2021) Acting Homeland Security Secretary David Pekoske toured the St. Elizabeth's Campus Security Operation Center.
Picture source courtesy of the US Navy.
CARIBBEAN SEA (Aug. 20, 2012) A U.S. Customs and Border Patrol P-3 Orion patrol aircraft, operating out of National Air Security Operations Center-Jacksonville, air drops a sealed capsule containing mission essential parts on the port side of the Oliver Hazard Perry-class guided-missile frigate USS Underwood (FFG 36). Underwood is deployed to Central and South America and the Caribbean in support of Southern Seas 2012. (U.S. Navy photo by Mass Communication Specialist 3rd Class Frank J. Pikul/Released)
Governor Kay Ivey joined the Office of Information Technology (OIT) to officially open the state’s Security Operations Center (SOC) Monday October 1, 2018 in Montgomery, Ala. •OIT has also launched the state’s cybersecurity website, which is designed to help citizen awareness and provides resources for parents, children, business leaders and any citizens with cybersecurity concerns. (Governor's Office/Hal Yeager)
March 15, 2022 - Brooklyn - Governor Kathy Hochul meets with White House Deputy National Security Advisor for Cyber and Emerging Technology Anne Neuberger at the New York City / New York State Joint Security Operations Center in Brooklyn Tuesday March 15, 2022. (Kevin P. Coughlin / Office of Governor Kathy Hochul)
Artist workshops and Meet the Artist events were held with the following artists to familiarize and engage the public with projects in the works: Eileen Cowin, Deanna Erdmann, Carlson Hatton, Michael Massenburg, Mobolaji Olambiwonnu Rebeca Méndez (Crenshaw/LAX Transit Project) Einar and Jamex de la Torre/George Evans (Willowbrook/Rosa Parks Station), Ball-Nogues Design Studio (Maintenance of Way, Location 64), Audrey Chan and Clarence Williams (Regional Connector stations), Walter Hood (Downtown Santa Monica Station), Jacob Hashimoto (Emergency Security Operations Center); along with two creative visioning sessions for the Purple Line Extension Section One stations, hosted at the Original Farmers Market and Beverly Hills Farmers Market.
Image: Workshop with artist Jamex de la Torre.
JACKSONVILLE, Fla. - Coast Guard Capt. Tom Allan (right), commander of Coast Guard Sector Jacksonville, presents Nicole Robertson (left) of the Jacksonville Marine Transportation Exchange with a Coast Guard Public Service Commendation at the Jaxport Security Operations Center in Jacksonville June 12, 2013, for her leadership and management of the Port Security Grant Program. The program netted nearly $19 million in grant funds, which were directed toward 70 different projects to enhance port security in northeast Florida. (U.S. Coast Guard photo by Petty Officer 1st Class Lauren Jorgensen)
Healthcare Cybersecurity: Negli ultimi anni anche la sanità, e più in generale le istituzioni sanitarie, hanno iniziato a rendersi conto della necessità di prestare maggiore attenzione alla sicurezza informatica. Tuttavia, gli sforzi fatti finora non sono bastati. Il settore sanitario continua a collocarsi tra le prime vittime di attacchi hacker mirati al furto di dati personali. E’ di fatto nata la Healthcare Cybersecurity.
Ciò non è sorprendente dato il valore dei dati sanitari : nomi, date di nascita, diagnosi, malattie, informazioni sull’assicurazione e tanto altro. Tutte informazioni che hanno un valore di estremo interesse per qualsiasi Criminal Hacker: nel Darkweb sono costantemente ricercate.
Affronteremo i seguenti aspetti:
La situazione dell’ Healthcare Cybersecurity
Cyber Security Sanità: I Cybercrime del 2018
CyberSecurity nella Sanità e GDPR
Obiettivi e Scopo dei Cybercrime nella sanità
HealthCare Cybersecurity: Le Minacce e i rischi
Le soluzioni di Cybersecurity nella sanità
Cybersecurity Sanità: Gli strumenti e competenze
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Healthcare Cybersecurity: La situazione
Nel 2017 sono state segnalate al Dipartimento Sanità degli Stati Uniti D’america oltre 477 Data Breach e circa 6 milioni di cartelle cliniche violate.
Oltre al danno relativo al Data Breach con i relativi risvolti legali e al danno di Brand Reputation è necessario sottolineare anche il danno finanziario.
E’ stato stimato che un costo medio di una violazione dati nelle strutture sanitarie costa circa 380 dollari per singolo data record violato. Un costo di molto superiore rispetto a una azienda media (costo 119 dollari) o ad una azienda del settore finance (245 dollari). Non è quindi un caso, se oggi, sempre di più sentiamo parlare di Healthcare Cybersecurity.
Il rapporto Thales 2018 ha evidenziato che oltre il 70% delle organizzazioni e istituzioni sanitarie ha subito un Data Breach. Un ulteriore dato interessante dello studio è che il 93% delle strutture sanitarie utilizza sistemi per la gestione dei Big Data, servizi in Cloud e IoT. Molto probabilmente l’evoluzione tecnologica di fatto crea nuovi punti di accesso. Questi “access point” se non gestiti correttamente, sono una opportunità per i Criminal Hacker e la vera ragione di questo trend in aumento del Cybercrime sanitario.
I dati e le evidenze del report di Thales trovano conferma anche dal report di Verizon. Il ” Rapporto sulla violazione dei dati sulle informazioni sulla salute e sulla tutela dei dati sanitari (PHIDBR) ” ha sottolineato che il 60% degli incidenti di sicurezza informatica del settore sanitario dipendono da dipendenti malintenzionati o negligenti. La stessa Accenture ha indicato che circa il 25% dei dipendenti di strutture sanitarie statunitensi sono a conoscenza di un caso di vendita illegale di dati sanitari.
Se da un lato le minacce interne sono comuni a molti settori e mercati, il Report Verizon ha dimostrato che il 70% dei Data Breach della sanità sono causati da una scarsa attenzione alle misure di sicurezza e/o assenza delle best practise di Cybersecurity. Una di queste best practise di Sicurezza è sicuramente la sensibilizzazione e formazione degli utenti. La sanità è il target ideale per il phishing e per i malware cybercrime.
CyberSecurity sanità: Cybercrime 2018
In questi ultimi mesi il tema dell’ Healthcare Cybersecurity è stato spesso oggetto di cronaca. E’ interessante analizzare i casi pubblici di attacchi informatici che hanno coinvolto le strutture sanitarie.
Solo qualche settimana fà la notizia relativa a NHS, l’organizzazione sanitaria inglese. Ha subito una violazione di security coinvolgendo oltre 150.000 dati di pazienti per un errore di configurazione dei sistemi.
Da qualche mese il gruppo di Criminal Hacker Orangeworm ha in essere una campagna di cyberattack con obiettivo le strutture ospedaliere e le strutture sanitarie. Bypassando l’Healthcare Cybersecurity Framework i criminal hacker riescono a prendere il pieno controllo dei computer e dispositivi degli ospedali e non solo. Spesso sono stati attaccati anche le macchine e gli apparati medici come le macchine a raggi x. L’attacco informatico viene condotto tramite una botnet e attraverso l’installazione di un malware, nello specifico un Trojan chiamato Trojan.Kwampirs. In questo momento gli Stati Uniti sono il target più colpito con oltre il 17% degli attacchi informatici mentre, al momento, in Italia non sono stati rilevati attacchi di questo tipo.
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A giugno, Appthority ha scoperto che migliaia di web application e mobile app sono a rischio di data breach. In questo caso la vulnerabilità mette a rischio l’impianto Cybersecurity della sanità. La criticità non è legata alle minacce interne o a malware ma ad una specifica vulnerabilità del database Firebase: la “vulnerabilità di HospitalGown“. In questo caso la vulnerabilità è relativa ad una non corretta configurazione a livello sviluppo.
Il team di sviluppo non ha di fatto adottato un corretto approccio di Privacy by Design o Privacy by Default. Nello specifico la configurazione di accesso con autenticazione al Data Base in cloud di Firebase deve essere configurata in fase di sviluppo. Non è prevista by default.
Appthority ha stimato che circa 3.000 app hanno di fatto subito un data breach identificando 2.271 database di Firebase configurati senza autenticazione. Di fatto sono stati violati 2,6 milioni di password con relativo username, circa 4 milioni di record sanitari e oltre 50mila dati relativi a carte di credito, conti correnti,….
Non mancano i casi di cybersecurity sanitari relativi allo sfruttamento delle vulnerabilità. Un caso emblematico è quello dei prodotti GE Medial Device di marzo 2018.
Il HSIN ICS-CERT ha segnalato una grave vulnerabilità sui prodotti GE Healthcare che permettono ad un malintenzionato da remoto di bypassare l’autenticazione e ottenere non solo l’accesso ma il pieno possesso dei dispositivi. I prodotti sono relativi a sistemi di imaging medicale e radiografico. La vulnerabilità è relativa all’ IMPROPER AUTHENTICATION CWE-287.
Sono solo alcuni dei casi di Data Breach e vulnerabilità che hanno coinvolto, in questi primi mesi del 2018, le strutture Sanitarie. Se consideriamo l’ultimo report web security di Positive Technologies è abbastanza chiaro che il mondo Healthcare è a rischio: Il 100% delle delle web application hanno almeno una vulnerabilità e che il 70% delle web application ha almeno 1 vulnerabilità con livello ALTO di criticità. E’ diventata una necessità definire un Healthcare Cybersecurity Framework adeguato. Questa necessità con la nuova legge europea sulla privacy, diventa anche un obbligo.
CyberSecurity nella Sanità e GDPR
La Healthcare Cybersecurity ha l’obbligo di identificare e garantire soluzioni adeguate per la tutela dei trattamenti gestiti proprio dalle strutture sanitarie.
Questo obbligo oggi è anche ribadito dalla stessa legge europea sulla Privacy, la GDPR.
La sfida è quello di gestire correttamente non solo da un punto di vista organizzativo e di processo ma anche da a livello tecnologico. Nello specifico:
Conservazione e storage dei dati
Autorizzazione e privilegi di accesso ai dati
Data Management e Exchange
Interoperabilità dei Sistemi
Ovviamente il tutto deve essere gestito nel rispetto degli obblighi legislativi. Le linee guida del gruppo di lavoro “Article 29 Working Party” ha ribadito l’importanza della Cybersecurity in ambito sanitario sottolineando l’elevato rischio relativo ai dati sanitari e al contempo sottolineando la necessità di adottare misure di sicurezza informatiche volte a tutelare i diritti e le libertà degli interessati. La gestione del Rischio Cybersecurity sanitario è quindi un aspetto che deve essere una priorità da parte di tutti i Titolari del Trattamento.
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Non è solo una questione organizzativa e di normativa ma deve essere affrontata anche a livello tecnologico attraverso attività di GDPR Assessment che hanno lo scopo di identificare e misurare costantemente i livelli di rischio e determinare le azioni di riposizionamento.
Obiettivi e Scopo del Cyberattack alla sanità
L’ Healthcare Cybersecurity è minacciata costantemente dai Criminal Hacker. Gli attacchi informatici possono avere scopi e obiettivi differenti.
Come abbiamo indicato nell’articolo WordPress Cybersecurity, gli attacchi informatici sono condotti dai seguenti vettori:
Umano: il livello e la complessità dell’attacco è generalmente elevato. Il Cyberattack è mirato e diretto al target. L’attacco informatico è condotto manualmente.
Bot e/o Botnet: il vettore di attacco di fatto sfrutta una serie di vulnerabilità note e/o metodologie di social engineering. Il Cybersecurity framework è attaccato con sistemi automatizzati. In caso di Botnet i target sono molteplici ( un esempio il gruppo Criminal Hacker Orangeworm citato nel capitolo precedente)
Elenchiamo di seguito i principali obiettivi e motivazioni degli attacchi al mondo sanitario:
CyberTerrorismo
Cyberwarfare
Spionaggio industriale
Furto dei Dati
Device da “reclutare” in Botnet
Device da trasformare in mining per le criptovalute
Storage di contenuti illegali
Phishing,
Spam,
Spamvertize…
HealthCare Cybersecurity: Le Minacce e i rischi
Le principali minacce al HealthCare Cybersecurity Framework sono
Attacchi Ransomware
Il settore sanitario non sfugge dal rischio ransomware. Il ransomware è un attacco hacker molto comune nel caso degli ospedali. E’ piuttosto semplice immetterlo nel sistema: trattandosi di malware che si diffondono attraverso link infetti, o più in generale attraverso le e-mail di phisihing. I ransomware sono una minaccia costante al HealthCare Cybersecurity framework. Hanno già colpito numerosi ospedali e strutture sanitarie costringendole a pagare riscatti per poter riprendere le attività e l’operativa.
Fattore Umano
L’errore umano è tra le cause di incidenti informatici più alti in qualsiasi settore. Un impiegato, medico, infermiere che sia, che clicca, ingenuamente, sul link sbagliato, ed ecco che l’intera rete informatica ospedaliera è a rischio.
Un modo essenziale per prevenire questo tipo di criticità e vulnerabilità è formare, sensibilizzare e informare lo staff quanto più dettagliatamente possibile sui rischi relativi al CyberCrime e al contempo mettere loro a disposizione gli Healthcare Cybersecurity tools e procedure.
Attacchi DDOS
Gli attacchi DDOS rientrano negli strumenti tipici del Cybercrime e sono tra le cyber-minacce più frequenti in ogni ambito. Un attacco di tipo DDoS, detto anche Distribuited Denial of Service, prevede la saturazione dei sistemi attraverso un numero di richieste eccessivo nello stesso arco di tempo, spingendolo a un blocco pressoché totale del sistema. Considerato che oramai la gran parte delle operazioni degli ospedali sono automatizzate, vien da sé che un blocco del sistema sarebbe rischiosissimo. Gli attacchi DDOS sono abbastanza semplici da condurre e quindi l’ Healthcare Cybersecurity deve necessariamente prevedere gli strumenti adeguati per rispondere proattivamente in questi casi.
Internet of Thing
L’acronimo IoT sta per Internet of Things e, letteralmente, indica tutti i dispositivi, tutto ciò che c’è di collegato al sistema. Sono access point di estremo interesse per il Cybercrime e di conseguenza l’ Healthcare Cybersecurity deve necessariamente affrontare. Le modalità di attacco sono tante e differenti e la scoperta di nuove vulnerabilità sono all’ordine del giorno. Un esempio sono le criticità relative ai dispositivi: TP-Link, D Linksys, MikroTik, NAS, NETGEAR, TP-Link,…
Sempre nel mondo IoT, la cybersecurity del mondo sanitario, e non solo, è costretto a gestire i vari possibili cyberattack verso gli access point come i Wi-Fi. In questo caso stiamo parlando di cyberattack di tipo: Punti di accesso rogue, Evil twin, MitM, Ad Hoc…
Hardware Hacking
L’hardware hacking è un trend del cybercrime in crescita. Dopo i casi relativi a Intel, ARM e AMD il numero dei cyberattack che utilizza le vulnerabilità hardware è in aumento. Il responsabile dell’ Healthcare Cybersecurity dovrà prestare massima attenzione su questo aspetto richiedendo ai vari vendor garanzie specifiche sulla qualità dei dispositivi e assicurazioni sulla gestione nel tempo relativamente agli aspetti di sicurezza.
Secure Software Development
A livello software sarà necessario prestare la stessa attenzione dedicata all’Hardware hacking. Il dipartimento cybersecurity nella sanità dovrà definire e predisporre le policy e procedure relative al secure software development. Queste procedure e requisiti dovranno valere sia in caso di sviluppi interni sia per gli sviluppi software dati in outsourcing.
Sistemi e Piattaforme
Abbiamo evidenziato come spesso le cause delle violazioni di sicurezza siano dovute ad una errata configurazione dei sistemi o ad una assente gestione di patching e fixing delle piattaform e sistemi delle infrastutture sanitarie. La cybersecurity nella sanità ,come per gli altri settori, deve prevedere un piano specifico di vulnerability e patching management.
Le soluzioni di Cybersecurity nella sanità
L’ Healthcare Cybersecurity framework come minimo deve prevedere:
Policy e Procure di CyberSecurity
Piano di Incident Management
Piano di Disaster Recovery
Secure Software development policy e procedure
Code review delle applicazioni
Attività di Formazione
Strumenti SIEM
Security operation Center
Attività di Vulnerability Scanner
Attività di Network Scan
Attività di Vulnerability Management
Attività di Risk Management
Cybersecurity Sanità: Gli strumenti e competenze
Swascan mette a disposizione le proprie competenze e strumenti necessari per garantire e gestire l’ Healthcare Cybersecurity framework. Swascan è il partner ideale per il settore sanità grazie a professionisti di primo piano del mondo Cybersecurity e Security Management unitamente alla piattaforma tecnologica di cyber security service
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