Scotland's Highland Games
View allAll Photos Tagged Repealed,
One of the most scenic (and easily accessible) of all Cumbrian waterfalls. Rutter Force is a horseshoe shaped waterfall on Hoff Beck, near Appleby-in-Westmorland, in the beautiful Eden Valley.
Immediately beside the waterfall is an old mill with a restored waterwheel. The mill is no longer a working mill, but has been converted into holiday accommodation.
The best view of Rutter Force is from a narrow footbridge across the beck, which has been constructed a few feet upstream of a ford for automobiles. The setting is superb, and it is well worth a visit.
The earliest record of the mill at Rutter Force comes from 1579, when the waterfall was used to power the corn mill. The mill continued in operation until the repeal of the Corn Laws of 1832 made milling unprofitable. It was converted to serve as a bobbin mill, and later a sawmill. The waterwheel was taken down in 1940.
In 1991 an artist named Christine Leadbetter bought the old mill, and installed a replica waterwheel.
RUTTER FORCE ELECTRIC POWER
The waterfall played a part in bringing electricity to the area. In 1928 the Great Asby Electric Light and Water Company was formed. The company raised money by offering shares at 5 pounds each. with the proceeds they installed a water turbine at Rutter Force, using the 30 foot fall of water over the falls to produce electric power.
Home of Henry Addison DeLand, it later became an inn, restaurant, speakeasy, bar and a catering hall.
Home of Henry Addison DeLand, it later became an inn, restaurant, speakeasy, bar and a catering hall.
DeLand lost his fortune and the house covering orange crop losses for his Florida farmers.[dead link] In 1905, the new owners installed stained glass windows, electric chandeliers and glass lanterns at the four doors. After 1920, it became known for a while as Villa Rosenborg due to its Danish owners. In 1920, it was slated to be torn down to provide space for a new trolley station, but the trolley line was rerouted saving the house. It became the Green Lantern Inn in 1925 under new owners who eventually added a restaurant. During Prohibition, alcohol was available in a hidden speakeasy loft. After the repeal of Prohibition, they opened an official taproom.
A decade long restoration project began in 1976. From 1980 to 2005, it was owned by Terrence O'Neil, Vice Chairman of the Fairport Savings Bank.[5] In 2006, it hosted a fundraiser for the Rochester Philharmonic Orchestra[4] which had 30 different designers improving the house.
Mr. Dominic's Italian restaurant currently operates in the building.
Year long peaceful protest, finally forces the pro-tycoons government of Modi to repeal the black farm laws.
Hey everybody ^^
I’ve got new creepy stuff for you ^^ Ruby is sitting in an old scary library where magical things happens and the law of gravity is repealed ^^
The tiny books are made by me ^^I need urgently more requisites XD you can’t get too much stuff for our dolls, right?
Wish you all an fantastic weekend *hugs*
It is beyond time to take action to:
1. Require universal background checks and waiting periods.
2. Ban assault weapons, high capacity magazines and bump stocks.
3. Authorize risk protection orders.
4. Repeal “Stand Your Ground” to discourage the unlawful and reckless use of firearms.
Thank you for your kind visit. Have a wonderful and beautiful day! ❤️❤️❤️
Der Michel-Türmer ist ein Trompeter, der in der Tradition des Amtes der Turmbläser vom Turm der Hamburger Hauptkirche St. Michaelis täglich morgens 10 Uhr und abends 21 Uhr Choräle in alle vier Himmelsrichtungen spielt. Der Brauch wurde während der Reformation in Hamburg eingeführt und wird im Michel, wie die Michaeliskirche in Hamburg genannt wird, seit mehr als 300 Jahren praktiziert.
Bis zur Aufhebung der Torsperre zum 1. Januar 1861 war der Trompeten-Choral das Zeichen für die Öffnung beziehungsweise Schließung der Stadttore.
The Michel-watchman is a trumpeter who in the morning 10 clock and in the evening 21 clock chorales plays in the tradition of the Office of the Turmbläser from the tower of Hamburg St. Michaelis Church daily in all four directions. The custom was introduced during the Reformation in Hamburg and is in Michel, as St. Michael's Church is called in Hamburg, has been practiced for more than 300 years.
Until repealing Torsperre 1 January 1861, the trumpet chorale was the signal for the opening or closing of the city gates.
Home of Henry Addison DeLand, it later became an inn, restaurant, speakeasy, bar and a catering hall.
DeLand lost his fortune and the house covering orange crop losses for his Florida farmers.[dead link] In 1905, the new owners installed stained glass windows, electric chandeliers and glass lanterns at the four doors. After 1920, it became known for a while as Villa Rosenborg due to its Danish owners. In 1920, it was slated to be torn down to provide space for a new trolley station, but the trolley line was rerouted saving the house. It became the Green Lantern Inn in 1925 under new owners who eventually added a restaurant. During Prohibition, alcohol was available in a hidden speakeasy loft. After the repeal of Prohibition, they opened an official taproom.
A decade long restoration project began in 1976. From 1980 to 2005, it was owned by Terrence O'Neil, Vice Chairman of the Fairport Savings Bank.[5] In 2006, it hosted a fundraiser for the Rochester Philharmonic Orchestra[4] which had 30 different designers improving the house.
Mr. Dominic's Italian restaurant currently operates in the building.
Clock is Ticking
The colors of a Thomas Hill empty are obvious against the browns and greens native to the Sand Hills in September. The colorful sets have long been recognizable as THH trains and are currently some of the longest coal trains that run on BNSF. In general, it’s hard to complain about much here. It was supposed to be cloudy, but clearly it is not…yet. More importantly, I have a train to shoot, which as crazy as it sounds now, is not always the case with the current state of affairs. Some boring stuff below.
A little info on Thomas Hill—
During the Biden Admin, the EPA proposed new rules to go after “fossil fuel” plants and their GHG (Greenhouse gas) emissions. In 2024, they briefly became new rules, wherein coal plants/units planning to operate past Jan 1, 2039 were considered “long-term,” units planning to operate after Jan 1, 2032 but cease operation before Jan 1, 2039 were considered “medium term,” and all others planning to cease before Jan 1, 2032 were exempt. It called for the “long-term” units to install CCS (carbon capture and sequestration/storage) with a 90% capture rate by Jan 1, 2032 (this technology does not exist yet). “Medium term” was to co-fire 40% with natural gas by Jan 1, 2030. Thomas Hill is a part of a group of power plants in Missouri without a set retirement date (Sikeston, New Madrid, Iatan, Hawthorn) [Though Sikeston seems on a path to retire sooner rather than later], which means these new regulations would force them to take a position. They may either declare a retirement date before Jan 1, 2032 if they see no reason to pay for these upgrades, or declare a date beyond 2032 and prepare to begin the process of retrofitting.
In June of 2025, the EPA—now under a new Admin—proposed repealing all GHG emission standards for fossil fuel-fired power plants, which includes rules set under both the Obama and Biden Admins. There was a public hearing in July of 2025 on the subject and public comment was open until August 7th, 2025. They received 127,000 comments. The end is coming and it’s approaching fast. The next Admin will take office in January of 2029 and will most certainly make their own rules and changes wherever they are allowed to do so. In this context, Thomas Hill and its four Missouri counterparts not yet having retirement dates isn’t exactly promising news as any Admin change, court ruling, or rule change could force them to take a position at any time. There is no comforting way to swallow the fact 2030 is now knocking on the door and that everything eventually turns to shit. Sorry, I modified it.
E THHNRM0 10B
September 22, 2025 - 2:22PM
Sandcut, NE // BNSF Sand Hills Sub
NOHA yelling for you to vote today. So glad to cast an early ballot for Biden / Harris#. This current administration has repealed, or is trying to repeal, over 100 environmental protection laws, has opened some of our most protected lands for logging and drilling, and has weakened protections for birds and wildlife. The planet and wildlife we love so much on wildlife Flickr can’t take another four years of this guy. V O T E.
Taken with a D500 + 500mm + 1.4 TC at 1/3200 f/5.6 ISO 1,250.
See more: www.alexbeckerphotography.com
The Napa Valley Railroad, or better known as the Napa Valley Wine Train, is probably the most well known operation in its niche corner of the industry. The company started in 1987, with the hope of bringing a luxury wine tasting train to the Napa Valley. Originally rostering four MLW FPA-4s and a fleet of old passenger stock, the railroad has seen some changes over the years.
Though the railroad is mostly known by railfans for the FPAs, and a former SP RS-11, the roster is much larger than that. Today, the roster also includes a 60 and 85 Tonner from the Navy and Air Force, a GP9, a GP38-2, and a KLW, which I'll discuss later. At one point in time, the railroad also rostered a 44 Tonner for shop switching and a Baldwin DS-4-4-660 while upgrading the track when it was first bought from the SP. The Baldwin was sent to Portola shortly after the track was refurbished, I have no idea if the museum still owns it. However, as times change, and the roster grows, and only growing older, the MLWs and ALCO were bound to meet some sort of fate eventually.
In 2008, FPA-4 73 was already running with a mix of natural gas and diesel after a conversion at some point prior. Napa Valley decided to fully convert it to natural gas, but it wouldn't last on the roster like this, being sidelined by 2017. From what I've heard, it was apparently extremely unreliable and the railroad does not want to reactivate it. When 2023 came around, it was no surprise when word got out that Napa Valley was getting a new locomotive from Knoxville Locomotive Works. This unit would be numbered 1864, after the founding year of the original NVRR. The plan was to have an entire "green" roster by 2025, meaning no more smoke belching first generation diesels. That clearly went to plan, it's almost the end of 2025, and there's only one unit that has been delivered. While I was out chasing the train pictured, I had gotten a possible answer as to why this is the case. Another railfan mentioned that the crews hate the new Knoxville motor so much that the company is looking for an alternative to KLW, but have yet to find a good one. I don't know if that's actually true or not, but I personally wouldn't doubt it. Though with this in mind, what is going to happen with the famous MLWs and ALCO?
As of right now, it appears that not much is happening. Although I believe 71 was retired awhile back, 70 and 72 still continue to haul trains once in awhile. It has become increasingly harder to catch these units running, as it seems the company wants these locomotives retired as soon as possible, but sometimes the MLWs and RS-11 will make an appearance. As to how much longer these old horses have is anyone's guess, especially with regulations such as the "In-Use Locomotive Regulation" being repealed for not being enforceable.
I first found out the FPAs were running after I had seen them over a week prior. After chasing the Fairfield Job west that morning, the train was having some sort of issue or delay while at Napa Junction, so I went to go see what was up with the wine train. I waited for awhile, then the train pulled into the station with the same set of power in the photo. I went to Yountville and waited, but it never arrived. Eventually, I got word the Fairfield Job was headed east so I left. Coming into Yountville, I was met with the wine train. Oh well, I would get it coming back south right? Nope, after chasing a second train on the California Northern, with a solo GP38-2, I went back to catch the wine train. After I crossed under the tracks on the north side of Napa, there it was. Not knowing how long the power set was going to be on for, I just accepted I would have to come back another time, when it was probably going to have an EMD or KLW on the train.
Skip to this last Friday, I had received word that the FPAs were confirmed to be on the lunch train (one of the many wine trains), until Monday. Seeing that it was not going to rain on Saturday, I knew I had to go. I had no plans for the weekend besides watching football and hockey anyways, so now I had something to do. Arriving to Napa around 10:30, I went to scout out some spots. I already had a few in mind, but I knew getting every spot I wanted would require multiple trips. What I didn't realize is that some people I knew were out there as well that day. After I was done chasing north, I met up with the others at St. Helena. I only had two spots in mind for the southbound trip, not knowing where else to go, I followed them for awhile.
That brought us here to Rutherford. Long ahead of the train, we were there for awhile before the train finally showed up. It would then stop at the crossing for the Grgich Hills Estate for awhile, but with the shadows starting to get long it was good for us when a cloud cover balanced out the shadows. Just then, a puff of black smoke and the sound of the horn warned us the train was on the move. After getting the shot, we would follow the train to Napa before being done for the day.
Rode Hall , near Congleton , Cheshire, England
The first hall a black and white half timbered building, probably similar in style to the nearby Little Moreton Hall was replaced by smaller building to the right, completed in 1708 . The larger square Hall to the left was completed in 1752.
(Source:www.rodehall.co.uk/the-house )
Notice the bricked in windows, presumably an effect of the various window taxes brought in after 1696, this isn't confirmed by the web site. A cattle disease reduced the estates income drastically in 1866 and I wondered if this was one of the results, but of course the Wnndow Tax laws had been repealed in 1851. So presumably they were bricked up on one of the large increases in the century beforehand.
The house has extensive gardens leading down to a lake . They have been open to the public since the 1980's on Wednesdays and Bank Holidays , and for their Bluebell Walks in May. A beautiful place to visit .
This is a row of 5 terraced houses, nos.37-45, that were built c1785, with late C19 and C20 alterations but I hope some have looked closely enough to discover that two of the windows are fake! But which are they and why was it done?
A window tax, based on the number of windows in a house, was first introduced in 1696 by William III to cover revenue lost by the clipping of gold and silver coinage. It was a banded tax according to the number of windows in the house. For example, for a house in 1747 with ten to 14 windows, the tax was 6 pence per window; it increased to 9 pence with more windows. Not long after its introduction, people bricked up their windows to avoid paying the tax.
It was repealed in 1851 after pressure from doctors and others who argued that lack of light was a source of ill health.
The imitation windows here are the two above the doors to 37 and 39. They are bricked up but we’re carefully painted later to look like actual windows!
When we stayed near Dunbar in East Lothian one of our favourite places for lunch was the Old Smithy in Tyninghame, which is roughly half way between Dunbar and North Berwick. The original village of Tyninghame was a few hundred yards to the east, near Tyninghame House. But in 1761 the Earl of Haddington moved Tyninghame village from its original position to make way for landscaped parkland. The "new" village is now on the west side of the A198, just over a mile south of Whitekirk.
According to British Listed Buildings this delightful terrace of two-storey cottages in the main street dates from 1854 and is thought to have been designed by James Hannan. It is Category C-listed. One of the upstairs windows has been filled in and painted to appear normal. This was often done to avoid the Window Tax. However, this was repealed in 1851, so I'm not quite sure what has happened here. Perhaps the date given for the building is incorrect. There was also a Thomas Hannan who built a number of the buildings in Tyninghame in the first half of the 19th century.
Ornate surviving Victorian gem.
Note the stucco flowers on the roof, the window shades and blanked window (window tax) provision.
Window tax, the taxation of light, imposed by William III in 1696 in England & Wales until it was repealed 155 years later in 1851.
Daylight robbery !!!
LR3449
The Lily Family enjoys streaming Better Living In The Pacific Northwest. However, with the repeal of Net Neutrality, their internet provider has deemed shows of that nature not appropriate for lilies and no longer carry the show. The Lily Family obtained their concealed carry permits yesterday and plan a road trip to Washington D.C. in the near future.
Stansberry Lake, Washington 2017
In 2022 the government repealed of the Vagrancy Act, which had criminalised rough sleeping and begging for almost 200 years.
The Westminster Government then inserted a clause on ‘Vagrancy and Begging’ in the Levelling Up and Regeneration Bill that was currently going through Parliament.
This clause would allow them to ‘disregard the repeal of the Vagrancy Act’ and create new powers to make begging a criminal offence. The Government have said that this clause is just a ‘placeholder’ text, which will be replaced in a future version of the Bill, once they’ve decided what to do.
So we are still waiting to see what happens. Do we need to criminalise "being poor" ? There are plenty of existing laws to deal with drugs, violence,and anti social behaviour - and without police they make no difference.
Taunton, Somerset, UK.
Jerry & I have been by each others side for 26+ years...in better times...in worse times...in sickness...in health. We didn't take a vow to do it...that's just what you do when you're in love. I don't see how anyone could think our love is any less deserving of recognition than anyone elses.
Schwabachers Landing is a boat landing located a few miles south of Snake River Overlook, along the east shore of the Snake River in Grand Teton National Park, Wyoming, U.S.. The boat landing is located off the combined U.S. Route 26/89/187, 5 miles (16 km) north of the park's main headquarters at Moose, Wyoming. The landing is accessed via a dirt road immediately north of Moose and is impassable in the winter. Fishermen, canoeists and rafters use the landing to gain access to the Snake River, and it is one of four locations in Grand Teton National Park where the river is easily accessed. Wildlife including moose, pronghorn, mule deer and bald eagles are commonly seen in the immediate vicinity of the landing. Above the landing, along the main highway, some of the finest vistas of the Teton Range, are available and a number of excellent images have been painted and photographed from that vantage point. Privately owned tour companies provide guided fishing and rafting trips commencing from the landing, and the immediate area is a popular spot for wedding parties. [Source: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schwabachers_Landing]
Grand Teton National Park is a United States National Park in northwestern Wyoming. At approximately 310,000 acres (480 sq mi; 130,000 ha; 1,300 km2), the park includes the major peaks of the 40-mile-long (64 km) Teton Range as well as most of the northern sections of the valley known as Jackson Hole. It is only 10 miles (16 km) south of Yellowstone National Park, to which it is connected by the National Park Service-managed John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Memorial Parkway. Along with surrounding National Forests, these three protected areas constitute the almost 18,000,000-acre (7,300,000 ha) Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem, one of the largest intact mid-latitude temperate ecosystems in the world. Human history of the Grand Teton region dates back at least 11,000 years, when the first nomadic hunter-gatherer Paleo-Indians began migrating into the region during warmer months pursuing food and supplies. In the early 19th century, the first White explorers encountered the eastern Shoshone natives. Between 1810 and 1840, the region attracted fur trading companies that vied for control of the lucrative beaver pelt trade. U.S. Government expeditions to the region commenced in the mid-19th century as an offshoot of exploration in Yellowstone, with the first permanent white settlers in Jackson Hole arriving in the 1880s. Efforts to preserve the region as a national park commenced in the late 19th century, and in 1929 Grand Teton National Park was established, protecting the major peaks of the Teton Range. The valley of Jackson Hole remained in private ownership until the 1930s, when conservationists led by John D. Rockefeller, Jr. began purchasing land in Jackson Hole to be added to the existing national park. Against public opinion and with repeated Congressional efforts to repeal the measures, much of Jackson Hole was set aside for protection as Jackson Hole National Monument in 1943. The monument was abolished in 1950 and most of the monument land was added to Grand Teton National Park. Grand Teton National Park is named for Grand Teton, the tallest mountain in the Teton Range. The naming of the mountains is attributed to early 19th-century French-speaking trappers—les trois tétons (the three teats) was later anglicized and shortened to Tetons. At 13,775 feet (4,199 m), Grand Teton abruptly rises more than 7,000 feet (2,100 m) above Jackson Hole, almost 850 feet (260 m) higher than Mount Owen, the second-highest summit in the range. The park has numerous lakes, including 15-mile-long (24 km) Jackson Lake as well as streams of varying length and the upper main stem of the Snake River. Though in a state of recession, a dozen small glaciers persist at the higher elevations near the highest peaks in the range. Some of the rocks in the park are the oldest found in any U.S. National Park and have been dated at nearly 2.7 billion years. Grand Teton National Park is an almost pristine ecosystem and the same species of flora and fauna that have existed since prehistoric times can still be found there. More than 1,000 species of vascular plants, dozens of species of mammals, 300 species of birds, more than a dozen fish species and a few species of reptiles and amphibians exist. Due to various changes in the ecosystem, some of them human-induced, efforts have been made to provide enhanced protection to some species of native fish and the increasingly threatened whitebark pine. Grand Teton National Park is a popular destination for mountaineering, hiking, fishing and other forms of recreation. There are more than 1,000 drive-in campsites and over 200 miles (320 km) of hiking trails that provide access to backcountry camping areas. Noted for world-renowned trout fishing, the park is one of the few places to catch Snake River fine-spotted cutthroat trout. Grand Teton has several National Park Service-run visitor centers, and privately operated concessions for motels, lodges, gas stations and marinas.
[source: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand_Teton_National_Park]
Website: www.nps.gov/grte/index.htm
Excerpt from townofstmarys.com:
This pre-confederation stone four-arched structure spanning the Thames River is and has been the most important of the several bridges in the Town. Several log and timber bridges occupied the site until Town Council in August of 1864 authorized the signing of a contract with Alex McDonald "for the construction of a stone arched bridge across the Thames, on Queen Street, according to the plan submitted by Mr.. Niven, P. L. S. - cost $4 450- completion date September 1, 1865." In 1981, Town Council repealed the historic designation of the Victoria Bridge.
The Clean Water Rule, finalized and put into place in 2015, gave important jurisdictional clarity for the Clean Water Act and it’s protection of streams and creeks that are headwaters to larger rivers. Water belongs to everyone, and clean water is a basic right for Americans. We all live downstream from somewhere.
If you reside in the U.S., please consider writing the EPA during the public comment period regarding Docket ID No. EPA-HQ-OW-2017-023-001 which addresses the EPAs intention for the Repeal and Replacement of the 2015 Definition of Waters of the United States, 82 Fed. Reg. 34899 (July 2017), and oppose the initiative to repeal and replace this protective regulation.
Window tax, the taxation of light, was enforced in England and Wales from 1696 before being repealed 155 years later in 1851.
Daylight robbery !
LR3399
About to enjoy a cocktail on Repeal Day, in the alley, at...
Independent Distilling Company
Decatur (East Decatur Station), Georgia, USA.
5 December 2020.
**************
▶ On this date, 5 December, in 1933, Utah ratified the 21st Amendment (by becoming the last state necessary to reach a Constitutional majority), thus ending America's ignoble 18-year experiment with the Prohibition of alcohol.
— YFGF.
***************
▶ Photo and story by Yours For Good Fermentables.com.
▶ For a larger image, type 'L' (without the quotation marks).
— Follow on Facebook: YoursForGoodFermentables.
— Follow on Instagram: @tcizauskas.
▶ Camera: Olympus OM-D E-M10 II.
▶ Commercial use requires explicit permission, as per Creative Commons.
St. Paul, Minnesota
April 15, 2010
There was another Tea Party protest at the Minnesota capitol on April 15, tax day. Protesters call for smaller government and the repeal of the health care law enacted in March, 2010.
The United States banned the sale of alcohol nationwide in 1919 to be enforced the following year. However, prohibition on a local level came much earlier in many places.
The G.A. P. Saloon in Oakesdale, Washington opened sometime after the repeal of prohibition in 1933.
Oakesdale wasn't an incredibly rough town - not much more than any other, really. But the battles over liquor began early and basically never let up until the 1930s.
Even before Washington became a state, each town had their own laws concerning saloons. When Washington was writing their constitution, three big issues were put to a territory-wide vote. First, the location of the capital was to be decided (eventually Olympia), but also women's suffrage and prohibition.
In the end, and on the original Washington state constitution, women had no right to vote, but anyone could go to a saloon. Prohibition was voted out.
Through all of this, various groups like the Anti-Saloon League and many churches petitioned and protested enough to finally get the state government to pass a "local option" in 1909. As during the territorial days, this allowed communities to pass local prohibition laws - essentially creating a patchwork of wet and dry towns.
But even before that, towns and anti-alcohol groups took matters into their own hands. In 1904, Oakesdale banned saloons. This was done through electing enough anti-saloon board members to the town council. Each year, those against prohibition would try to reverse it.
In 1905 and 1906, the ban stood. But in 1907, the town voted to allow saloons.
But this wasn't the end of it. In 1908, the town Baptists came out strong against liquor. "The saloon is known to be a great and menacing evil," they wrote in a resolution. If any member was known to support alcohol in any way at all, they were to be "punished."
That same year, a saloon was robbed, and (in an unrelated incident), a saloon was caught selling alcohol to minors.
To make matters worse, a nearby newspaper wrote: "Oakesdale is having more than its share of trouble. It returned to a wet condition at the December election, and now has smallpox in big doses."
The saloons in Oakesdale as well as the rest of the state would only last for a few more years. In 1914, Washington passed a state-wide prohibition. Many fought against it, but in 1916 couldn't get enough votes to overturn it.
It was too late anyway. The United States congress passed the prohibition amendment in 1917 and Washington (still dry) voted to ratify it in 1919. The amendment went into effect in January of 1920. It would last 13 years.
Following the repeal of prohibition, saloons like the G.A.P. Saloon would open legally.
.
.
.
'Inhibitional'
Camera: Graflex RB 23
Film: Fomapan 100
Process: FA-1027; 1+14; 9min
Washington
March 2024
The 18th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution established Prohibition, banning the manufacture, sale, and transportation of alcoholic beverages for beverage purposes from 1920 to 1933, though it did not outlaw consumption. Driven by the temperance movement, it aimed to improve society but led to organized crime and was ultimately repealed by the 21st Amendment, making it the only repealed amendment.
Germany, Hamburg, "Elbbrücken", the River Elbe Bridges are three parallel independent bridge structures crossing the river Elbe in Hamburg.
The Freihafenelbbrücken, Freeport Elbe Bridge, after 124 years, the Hamburg Free Port was repealed in January 2013 in the interest of developing the port & city area. Since then, the entire port of Hamburg has been a so-called "sea customs port" under customs law, as are most of the major ports in the European north range.
The Eisenbahnbrücke, Railway Bridge with four railway tracks
The Neue Elbbrücke, New Elbe Bridge, for motorbikes, cars, truks etc.
If the extension of the metro line U4 will be realised, a fourth parallel bridge will added.
Due to the low headroom the brides form the south-eastern end point of the area of the Elbe & the Port of Hamburg, which can be used by large seagoing vessels & is only navigable for small vessels caring the goods from the Hamburg Harbour upstream on the Elbe.
On the one hand, they form an important link within the city-state of Hamburg & connect the districts north of the Elbe with the districts south of the Elbe & the regions beyond.
The Elbe bridges also have a significant national & international function as a north-south link in European rail traffic & in the context of crossings of the federal highways.
The Hamburg Elbbrücken form together with the Old Elbe Tunnel, built in 1911, under the Norderelbe & the "new" highway Elb-tunnel from 1975 with now four lines in each direction. This bridges & tunnels are the last fixed Elbe crossings before the almost 100 km away mouth of the Elbe into the North Sea.
The first documented bridge crossing here was the Napoleonic Elbe Bridge built in 1815 by Napoleon's troops. Because due to lack of maintenance & insufficiently protection, the construction was already completely destroyed by ice floes in 1817 & was not rebuilt.
👉 One World one Dream,
...Danke, Xièxie 谢谢, Thanks, Gracias, Merci, Grazie, Obrigado, Arigatô, Dhanyavad, Chokrane to you & over
12 million visits in my photostream with countless motivating comments
Prohibition was repealed in 1933, so Walter and Susie Lewis Yarger built this bar in 1934 as an addition to their house in Daniel, Wyoming. With that big TV antenna, maybe it was a sports bar. I can't find information about when it finally closed.
Window Tax, the taxation of light imposed by William lll in 1696 in England & Wales before being repealed 155yrs later in 1851.
Daylight robbery !!!
LR3495
John Dudley, 1st Duke of Northumberland (1502? – 22 August 1553) was a Tudor general, admiral and politician, who de facto ruled England in the latter half of King Edward VI's reign. At Edward's death, his attempt to displace Edward's sister and heir Mary with his own daughter-in-law, Lady Jane Grey, failed, resulting in his being sentenced and put to death for high treason.
John Dudley was born as the first son of Edmund Dudley and Elizabeth Grey, Baroness Lisle, a descendant of Richard de Beauchamp, 13th Earl of Warwick. His grandfather was a Knight of the Garter and Steward to King Henry V. His younger brothers were called Jerome, Oliver, William and Andrew.
When his father was attainted and executed in 1510, Edward Guilford — a partner in many of Edmund's "profitable outrages" — became guardian of the nine-year old John and one of his younger brothers (possibly Andrew, who was later made Admiral of the North Sea). The boys were then taken into the home of Richard Guilford. Within two years, in 1512, Guilford was able to persuade King Henry VIII to repeal Edmund's attainder.
In order to prosper under his new-found liberty, Dudley married Edward's daughter Jane in 1520. He took part as Guilford's lieutenant in the campaign of 1523 in France under the king's brother-in-law, Charles Brandon, Duke of Suffolk and won a knighthood on the field for gallantry after his valour at the crossing of the Somme. He was soon to gain prominence in the tournaments of the royal court and as a protégé of Thomas Cardinal Wolsey, and so joined the group whose task it was to amuse the king. In 1527, and again in 1532, he accompanied Wolsey to France.
About the time of the birth of his fifth son Robert in 1532/1533, Dudley was appointed Master of the Armoury in the Tower of London. To it he brought the reputation of being the ablest commander both by land and sea that had then been of service to the Tudors. This helped rehabilitate the name of Dudley. At the coronation of Anne Boleyn in 1533 he was invited to be a cup-bearer, and he would lead the procession at the christening of the Princess Elizabeth.
When Edward Guilford died in 1534 without male issue or a written will, the Guilford estate was disputed between Dudley (on behalf of his wife) and Guilford's nephew John. Dudley claimed the manor of Halden, and other lands in Kent and Sussex, despite John Guilford's assertion that his uncle had intended him to inherit. Five years later Dudley sold the manor with others to Thomas Cromwell, whose protégé he became after Cardinal Wolsey's fall.
From 1536 he appears to have encountered some difficulties that led him to part with much of his inheritance in favour of the Midlands estate of his cousin, John Sutton, 3rd Lord Dudley; he exchanged his reversionary interest in the lands left to him by his mother to Sir Richard for life. He then made extensive purchases, especially in Staffordshire and the Welsh marches. In addition, he was given several manors by the King, including the extensive estates of Halesowen Abbey on the Dissolution of the Monasteries, so that his land base shifted to the central and west Midlands. He was elected sheriff of Staffordshire in 1536 after helping to put down the Pilgrimage of Grace.
In 1537 Dudley was sent on a mission to Spain and also began the connection with the Admiralty which, with his military commands from 1542, was to bring him to the fore during the closing years of Henry's reign. In January 1542 he resumed his seat in the Commons as one of the knights for Staffordshire, and upon his stepfather's death was created Viscount Lisle (derived from his mother) and made Lord Admiral for life, entering the Lords the following day to sit in regular attendance for the rest of the session.
Exercising his new prerogative, Dudley dispatched the French from the English Channel and stormed Boulogne-sur-Mer, for which he was to become a Knight of the Garter and was on the 23 April 1543, admitted as a member of the Privy Council. As Lord Admiral he directed the naval operations of the next two years and his presence at the third session of that Parliament was respectively shortened. To his other duties there was added in late 1544 the governorship of Boulogne. Also in 1544 he accompanied his future rival, Edward Seymour, Earl of Hertford to the capture and burning of Edinburgh. A large English force, supported by a naval fleet, under Hertford's command, invaded the east coast of Scotland, sacking Leith and Dunbar and capturing Edinburgh.
After attending the first session of the Parliament of 1545 Dudley was to direct the operations of the fleet in the Battle of the Solent which frustrated the French attack on Portsmouth and the Isle of Wight. He went with the embassy to Paris to ratify and conclude the peace in 1546. On his return Dudley was absent from Council meetings on the grounds of ill-health, although the imperial ambassador ascribed his retirement to a difference of opinion with Bishop Stephen Gardiner, whom he had assaulted in the Council. He returned before the King died, and was in attendance at the final session of Parliament. By 1547, the year of the King’s death, he was Lieutenant General of all His Majesty's armed forces.
Dudley was among the sixteen members of the Regency Council, Henry had appointed to govern the kingdom during Edward's minority. The new King's uncle, Edward Seymour, Duke of Somerset, was elected Lord Protector just before the coronation. That year Dudley sought and was duly granted the right to bear the arms of the Earls of Warwick, with the distinctive badge of the Bear and the Ragged Staff.
By the end of 1549 most councillors, including Thomas Cranmer, the Earl of Arundel, William Paulet, and William Cecil, were turned against Somerset and united behind Dudley, the man with the ambition, will and determination to oust the Protector. Dudley lead the palace rebellion against Somerset in 1549, leading to Somerset's imprisonment and eventual execution in 1552.
Unlike Somerset, whom he had outmanoeuvered, Dudley did not take the title of Lord Protector, and encouraged Edward VI to proclaim his majority. Nonetheless, Dudley effectively ruled the country by holding the two offices of Lord President of the Council and of Great Steward of the King's Household. Dudley was given the title of Duke of Northumberland in 1551.
Dudley obtained such an influence over Edward that the King was ready to make it appear that Dudley's ideas were actually his own. Whether or not it was justified, Dudley acquired a bad reputation, becoming known as a "tyrant", sometimes referred to as the merciless "bear of Warwick". Despite the differing opinion of his character, some[who?] argue in Dudley's favour that he consulted the Privy Council regularly, did not make any executive decisions, and did not use the title 'Lord Protector' that Somerset had done. Dudley also began the political education of the young Edward VI.
Already in 1549, Dudley achieved his great political victory over the Norfolk rebels in their efforts to remove the enclosure system. He was popularised, not only for his skill and courage, but for his mercy towards the prisoners. When his small troop was faced with destruction and outnumbered, he drew his sword, kissed the blade and spoke of death before dishonour. When the conflict was over, he responded to his officers' protests for revenge with: "Is there no place for pardon?" He asked "What shall we then do? Shall we hold the plough ourselves, play the carters and labour the ground with our own hands?"
In order to compensate for the economic legacy of the Duke of Somerset, Dudley ceased debasement of the coinage, although, poorly advised by economists, he did take that action one last time. Using melted church plate, the coins were revalued in 1551 and began to slow down the rapid inflation that had been ravaging the country. However, Dudley's tendency towards profiteering - allowing himself and other Privy Councillors to enrich themselves at the expense of the state when it was nearing bankruptcy - has been criticised, although there are few that believe such profiteering was required in order to ensure Councillors' support.
Vagrancy, enclosure, evictions, poverty and rising crime were all very immediate problems facing Dudley's regency. This was exacerbated by poor harvest and subsequent lack of food.
One of Dudley's first actions after Somerset's fall was to end the wars with France and Scotland that Somerset had initiated . He surrendered the besieged town of Boulogne which, whilst weakening the English position in France, gained £200,000 for the struggling economy, liberated England from a financially burdensome territory and resulted in a defensive alliance between France and England with the Treaty of Boulogne. He also withdrew the English garrisons from Scotland.
When King Edward was dying, he signed a document which barred both his sisters, Mary I and Elizabeth, the remaining children of King Henry VIII, from the throne in favour of Lady Jane Grey (who had married Dudley's youngest son Guilford only six weeks previously). The extent to which Dudley influenced the document is uncertain,[1] but he countersigned the King's decree.
The decision to name Lady Jane Grey as an heir was based on the lack of 'heirs male' from other royals and noble families with royal connections. The motivation to exclude the previous heir-presumptive, Mary, stemmed from a desire to prevent a Catholic succession.
Before Edward's death had been made public, the Council summoned Mary back to London, but she (informed and warned by the Earl of Arundel) refused and instead demanded to be recognised as Queen. Dudley was at his country residence having complained of illness and in his absence the council wavered. Mary, having gathered much support from the nobles and gentry of East Anglia, which soon spread into other counties, marched into London with no opposition at the head of an immense throng. This outpouring of support for Mary was due to a general dislike of Dudley, popular anger over the previous Protestant regime and over its mistreatment of Mary and genuine respect for Mary's legitimacy. The people - even many Protestants - preferred a legitimate heir over a Protestant usurper.
Dudley was forced to surrender to Mary and was arrested. He was put on trial in 1553 and was sentenced to death for high treason. In his parting words he announced to the stunned observers his repentance and return to Catholicism - and encouraged them all to do likewise. Though five of his sons were imprisoned along with him, they were freed after eighteen months, except for the youngest, Guilford, who was executed.
Heavy pistol, firing the 7.62x25 round.
Features extended magazine and a relatively long barrel.
Just some more pistol fun, although may be incorporated into the same setting as the two energy weapons I posted with this.
This blue plaque marks the 375th. anniversary of the 1645 witch trials held in Great Yarmouth, which were overseen by the infamous Matthew Hopkins, the self-proclaimed, as the title was never bestowed by Parliament, 'Witch Finder General'.
Prior to the mid 16th. century witchcraft cases were normally tried in ecclesiastical courts. Punishments were rarely severe and some form of public penance was the most likely sentence. Witchcraft became a secular crime in England for the first time with the passing of a short-lived act of 1542. Elizabethan legislation in 1563 resurrected the crime and provided for the death penalty when 'any person shall happen to be killed or destroyed'. However, this was repealed in 1604 and replaced by 'An Acte against Conjuration Witchcrafte and dealinge with evill and wicked Spirits'.
This provided for even harsher punishments, extending the list of offences to which the death penalty applied to wasting, consuming or laming persons as well as causing their death.
Although 'witch mania' did not seem to affect Great Yarmouth as it did in other parts of the country, nevertheless 24 allegations of witchcraft were officially recorded over four centuries. Seven resulted in convictions which led to execution.
Those accused of witchcraft usually did not fit in with the society of the day. People down on their luck who were forced to turn to begging from neighbours to survive, whose who's political or religious beliefs clashed with others, and people who fell out of favour with their peers, were found to be at the wrong end of allegations of witchcraft.
In March 1582, Elizabeth Butcher and Celia Atkins were brought before the council at the town sessions accused of witchcraft. They were found guilty and the sentence was passed that both women were to be displayed in the town’s pillory every market day until they confessed their involvement, then they would be freed. It appears Celia confessed, but Elizabeth was sentenced to imprisonment only to be released upon her confession.
The following year Elizabeth was again brought before the town sessions, but again denied any attachment to the allegations. Once again, she was placed in the custody of the town’s gaoler and at the discretion of the town bailiffs was placed in the pillory until she confessed.
In April 1584, Elizabeth Butcher was brought before the court with another woman, Joan Lingwood. This time the court found both women guilty and they were to be taken to a site of execution at the north of the town. Parish records show that they were buried in St. Nicholas’ churchyard on the 18th. April 1584.
The 10th. September 1645 saw the largest witch trials to take place in Great Yarmouth. Allegations of witchcraft had increased since the beginning of the year, and in August it was decided by council officials to send for Matthew Hopkins to come and assist in the proceedings. Hopkins had been at the Bury St. Edmund’s assizes in Suffolk, where he had discovered 18 alleged witches.
Hopkins was born c. 1620 in Great Wenham, Suffolk, the son of a Puritan minister. His career as a witch finder began in March 1644 and lasted until his retirement in 1647.He was mainly active in East Anglia and with his colleague John Stearne (c. 1610–1670), he sent more accused people to be hanged for witchcraft than all the other witch hunters in England of the previous 160 years.
Hopkins died at his home in Manningtree, Essex, on 12th. August 1647, probably of pleural tuberculosis. He was buried a few hours after his death in the churchyard of St Mary's at Mistley Heath.
Hopkins arrived in Great Yarmouth in early September. Following spiteful whisperings and pointed fingers, after investigation two men and nine women were accused of allegedly being involved in witchcraft and were brought in front of a court in the Tolhouse on the 10th. September 1645. The accused were Marcus Pryme, John Sparkes, Elizabeth Fassett, Barbara Wilkinson, Alice Clisswell, Maria Vervey, Bridget Howard, Maria Blackbourne, Elizabeth Dudgeon, Elizabeth Bradwell and Joanna Lacey.
In the dock, Elizabeth Bradwell confessed to the performance of image magic, that being the creation of wax images in the likeness of her enemies for the purpose of their bewitchment and murder. She recalling how she thrust a nail into the head of a wax image resembling John Moulton, a neighbour’s child. Bradwell was seen to personified the early modern stereotype of the English witch, a malevolent, spiteful individual with a penchant for inflicting harm upon innocent children.
Bradwell was soon to disclose something far darker to the court. She admitted that she secured her diabolical gifts by signing, in her own blood, a contract given to her by the Devil. Her confession certainly caught the eye of both Hopkins and his assistant John Stearne, who later published a pamphlet that addressed Elizabeth Bradwell and the alarming significance of her demonic pact.
Exactly why Bradwell admitted to such crimes remains unclear. Were these simply the ramblings of a confused old woman? It is no secret that witch hunts claimed the lives of many whose minds were confronted by conditions modern thinking would now acknowledge as mental illness. Such individuals would have proven prime targets for zealots like Hopkins and Stearne, and whilst the application of torture to procure confessions of witchcraft was strictly prohibited in England during this period, it's know that Hopkins was liberal in his implementation of sleep deprivation to secure the confession he desired. For Hopkins, such practices had already demonstrated their worth in Manningtree in Essex earlier that year, when Elizabeth Clarke was interrogated and coerced with sleep deprivation whilst being ‘watched’ for any communication with her alleged demonic familiars.
Irrespective of the accusations levied against her, Elizabeth Bradwell was no witch. A Norfolk born woman, a mother or sister, perhaps, forsaken by her neighbours and swept up in the mass hysteria of witchcraft.
The trials pronounced six of the accused women as guilty and they were sentenced to death by hanging. A few days after the trial Joanna Lacey was reprieved. Alice Clisswell, Elizabeth Bradwell, Elizabeth Dudgeon, Bridget Howard and Margaret Blackbourne were taken to a site of execution at the north of the town. Parish records show again that the five women were buried in St. Nicholas’ churchyard on 29th. September 1645.
Many people do not understand the reason why the alleged witches of 1584 and 1645 were recorded as being buried in the churchyard. Long tradition state that those condemned as criminals, including witches, would normally be buried in unconsecrated ground or at crossroads, where the spirit would be confused and not be able to return and cause mischief in a godly society.
Christian tradition records that the north side of a churchyard was only used for burial of outcasts and suicides. This ruling included the unbaptised, excommunicated, strangers and vagabonds, and also executed criminals and those accused of witchcraft. This was often referred to as burial without the sanctuary or to lie out of the sanctuary. An old saying is that the devil walks in dark places; originally a reference to shadowy areas of a churchyard, especially on the north side of a church.
Non outcast burials were prohibited by the council from taking place on the north side of St. Nicholas’ church until 1648, when the growth of the town’s population was causing a lack of burial space. In 1799, the churchyard was enlarged when the town wall and a gate east of the church were demolished.
The famous witchcraft trials at Salem in Massachusetts in 1692 also had a Great Yarmouth connection. Among those executed were two elderly sisters, Rebecca Nurse and Mary Easty. They had been born in Great Yarmouth and were the daughters of William Towne, who emigrated to America with his family.
New for K9 Weekend
Cool down in the fruitiest way possible! Watermelon Helmets are guaranteed to cool you down and repeal alien attacks!
The ratification of the 21st Amendment repealing the 18th Amendment on December 5, 1933 brought about the demise of prohibition and the end of glamorous runs made to the Chicago speakeasies and in short time the end of uncle Billy. He soon had to retire to a factory job that imbibed his soul and remaining life as quickly as the liquor he carried. His family remained as thankless as they had when he risked his life and Abigail’s to pay for their needs and most wants. Abigail had started running moonshine with her cousin Tom but the money and the life was nothing like prohibition times.
Up next: Abigail attends uncle Billie's funeral.
OUTFIT:
[COCO LOUIS] Phoenix_DRESS_Onix_Legacy Perky
[COCO LOUIS] Phoenix_GLOVES_Onix_Legacy
[COCO LOUIS] Phoenix_PANTYHOSE_Onix_Legacy
HAIRBAND:
The Row House-MISS BIRDY Gatsby Band
CHOKER:
The Row House-MISS BIRDY Gatsby Choker
HAIR:
The Row House-MISS BIRDY Pixie Curl ADDON-HUD
BEADS:
EarthStones Lila Knotted Pearls Necklace - Fatpack
HEELS:
[BREATHE]-Mitsume Heels-Legacy
OTHER ANATOMY:
/ HEAD / lel EvoX BRIANNON 3.1
[BODY] Legacy (f) Perky (1.4)
POSE:
:studiOneiro: Flapper 09
South Africa.
Western Cape
Cape Town - Kaapstad
Victoria & Albert Waterfront
As of August 2013 the City of Cape Town has repealed a 20-year-old street-musicians policy for a new one.This means, street musicians in the city have a leeway to perform now.
The decision followed the forceful arrest of blind busker, Goodman Nono, Nono was dragged abusively by the municipal police officers for performing publicly in the metro outside of the allotted hours.
The officers also broke his guitar before they apprehended him. They have since been suspended pending the outcome of an investigation.
The City of Cape Town says the incident has prompted it to make life simpler for street musicians. It has since scrapped the 1993 street musicians policy.
www.enca.com/south-africa/cape-town-gives-street-musician...