View allAll Photos Tagged Rejects,
During my sorting of old negatives I've found some shots that I, for different reasons, wasn't too interested in publishing at the time when I first scanned them. To my surprise, some of these rejected photos spoke to me differently now. So I sorted through the bunch and decided to give some of them a new chance.
These shots were once taken with a Zeiss Ikon Nettar medium format camera, using regular 35mm film in a flipped (redscaled) mode. I've experimented with this technique before but had much clearer, sharper results. So at first I just threw these aside and thought the results didn't really represent what I was going for, but now they speak to me in a much more dreamy and subconscious way.
Taken with Zeiss Ikon Nettar medium format analog camera. Redscaled 35mm Kodak Ultra 400 film (4,5 years expired). Negative scanned with Epson Perfection V500 Photo.
Polaroid SLR 680
Polaroid 600 Film
Another ghost photoshoot/Fall Polaroid Week reject. We got to spend some time by ourselves in the pumpkin patch at @futurevisionsfarmstn Clay Sheds last October. Managed to get both of them together for this one!
I found these abandoned flowers in a stream bed today, someone had thrown them away, and they were dying in the water, it was a sad sight, and I wondered about the person who had thrown them away, and the circumstances i will never know, but I do know the feeling.....B l a c k M a g i c</ EXPLORE #193 someone said!
A native of Burma and India, Hoya is a genus of about 200 tropical climbing plants. This one, the Hoya Bella s named after Thomas Hoy who was the head gardener for the Duke of Northumberland at Syon House. Bella as from bellus, beautiful. Love at first sight...
See another photo of Hoya Bella from my photo stream.
Prophet Muhammad said, he who is presented with a flower should not reject it for it is light to carry and may have a fragrant smell. (Sahih Muslim)
Even though this photo should be rejected, I've always enjoyed taking these types of shots. I guess it's about the experience. Knowing a train is approaching, setting up shot, and listening for train in the distance, all while enjoying some of the most peaceful, serene, and spectacular surroundings I could imagine. There's something about the night out here. No passing cars, no hum of sodium vapor street lights, no people. Until the train comes, it's just the occasional sound of a coyote, or maybe a distant grizzly. On one of these spectacular evenings, a full moon illuminates the scene as it ducks in and out of the clouds. An eastbound BNSF ESPBEBM012 empty coal train approaches Bridge 55 on Montana Rail Link's 4th Subdivision just west of Trout Creek.
Check out the new dress on my eBay shop :) www.ebay.com/usr/eifeldolldress
Check out the new dress on my eBay shop :) www.ebay.com/sch/eifeldolldress/m.html?item=261672350654&...
Whatever… Following a day of leaf peeping up the shore the family and I happened upon this Two Harbors pellet fetcher departing. I’ve wanted to get this shot for a long time but never really put in the labor to attain it. Well today I got it, and shit I had to put in even less effort than I didn’t put in previously! The lack of effort is likely evident in the foreground clutter but come on we’ve got a matched set of c40’s, fall colors and Lake Superior… what else could one ask for? Well, some sun would be nice. It’s less than perfect but it brings me a lot of joy. See, I’m stil of the old school, pre-ATCS, pre heads-up group, pre everything I guess. Don’t get me wrong, I use each of them but I find the most exciting moments of the hobby come along side by side with plain old dumb luck. There’s something special about that and there’s something special about this encounter as a result.
IN ENGLISH BELOW THE LINE
Ningú havia vist aquestes fotos fins ara. Fins que les he revelat.
Aquestes fotos de carnaval foren fetes per un desconegut entre 1972 i 1985, i concretament al poble anglès de Croft, Warrington, Cheshire (al oest de Manchester). Que com puc donar tants detalls d’unes fotos fetes fa 40 anys per un desconegut? Be, observant tots els detalls i amb FORÇA sort.
Comencem dient que en aquest rodet format 120 (datable pel tipus entre 1972 i 1982, el periode de producció) el vaig comprar a internet d’origen desconegut. Apart de 4 fotos del que clàrament és una carrossa de carnaval, al davant tenia 2 fotos d’un cementiri militar britanic a Creta i al darrera només fotos desenfocades d’interiors que podrien ser a qualsevol lloc. La bandera británica que es veu en aquestes fotos (i l’ambientació general) indiquen el Regne Unit però això és molt generic. La sort la vaig tenir amb un únic element: el text que es veu a la carrossa: “8th Warrington Rejects”. Les disfresses de boy-scouts i el terme “rejects” fa pensar en una carictaturització dels mateixos, però el element clau és Warrington, que és una población a mig camí entre Liverpool i Manchester. Furgant per internet amb el terme “8th Warrington” vaig veure que es tracta d’un casal de boy-scouts situat al poblet de Croft, a les afores de Warrington. Bingo. Croft és famós pel seu carnaval… i a sobre vaig poder identificar la única casa que s’intueix en una de les fotos amb una que hi ha al costat del parc central de la población, lloc obvi per a fer una desfilada de carnaval.
Com a posdata, la darrera foto del rodet, molt desenfocada i moguda, mostra l’interior d’un local força ampli. Ja segur que es tractava de Croft, fou força fácil veure que aquest interior correspon sense dubtes amb el del Croft Village Memorial Hall (el “centre civic”, vaja).
ACTUALITZACIÓ: per mitjà de contactes a internet amb la comunitat de Croft, vaig poder contactar amb els autors de les fotografies, Bevan i Doris Friar. El viatge a Creta era part del 40è aniversari d'ella. Més informació aquí:
www.warringtonguardian.co.uk/news/19104804.couples-photos...
S'anomena "found film" a aquelles fotografies en pel•licula o placa que es troben sense revelar dins càmeres velles o per altres racons. La gracia és que ningú ha vist mai aquestes fotografies.
Vaig trobar una desena de rodets de format mitjà (la majoria format 120) a internet, procedents d'un venedor de Manchester; provenien de càmeres que ell havia anat col•leccionant. Dels 10, 6 no s'havien en veritat fet servir mai o només com a proves (un eren només fotos d'un sostre d'oficina). Els altres han donat resultats força interessants.
Aquest rodet era un Kodak Kodacolor II de format 120, per tant, produit entre 1973 i 1983; el que implica que segurament fou emprat entre 1973 i 1985, abans de caducar. El paper protector tenia el text en verd, el que fa pensar més aviat en la part final d’aquest periode (1980-85?). El vaig revelar amb el kit de color C41 de Tetenal.
===================================================
Nobody, even less the author, had seen these pictures until now.
These old photos were taken by a stranger between 1972 and 1985, and specifically in the English village of Croft, Warrington, Cheshire (west of Manchester). I developed myself these images that had been sleeping in its roll film since then. How can I give so many details of photos taken 40 years ago by a stranger? Well, observing all the details and with A LOT of luck.
Let's start by saying that in this 120 roll film (dating by type between 1972 and 1982, the production period) I bought it on the internet of unknown origin, there several groups of pictures. Aside from these 4 photos of what is clearly a carnival float, on the front was 2 photos of a British military cemetery in Crete and on the back only blurry photos of interiors that could be anywhere. The British flag seen in these photos (and the general setting) indicates the UK but this is very generic. I was lucky with a single element: the text seen on the float: "8th Warrington Rejects." The boy-scout costumes and the term “rejects” suggest a caricature of them, but the key element is Warrington, which is a town halfway between Liverpool and Manchester. Searching the internet for the term "8th Warrington", I saw that it was a boy-scout group in the village of Croft, on the outskirts of Warrington. Bingo. Croft is famous for its carnival… and on top of that I was able to identify the only house that can be intuited in one of the photos with one next to the Croft Playing Fields, an obvious place for a carnival parade and festival.
As a postscript, the last photo of the reel, very out of focus, shows the interior of a fairly large room. Surely it was Croft, it was quite easy to see that this interior undoubtedly corresponds to that of the Croft Village Memorial Hall.
UPDATE: Through internet contacts with the Croft community, I was able to contact the authors of the photographs, Bevan and Doris Friar. The trip to Crete was part of her 40th birthday. More information here:
www.warringtonguardian.co.uk/news/19104804.couples-photos...
They call "found film" at those images in film or plates that are find undeveloped inside old cameras or in other places, like boxes or old houses.
I found a dozen roll films (mostly 120-format) on the internet, from a Manchester sale; they came from cameras the owner had been collecting. Of the ten, six had never actually been used or only as trials (one was just photos of an office ceiling). The others have given quite interesting results.
This one roll was a 120-format Kodacolor II, therefore produced between 1973 and 1983, so it was probably exposed between 1973 and 1985. The backing paper has the lettering in green, but there are Kodacolor II rolls with black lettering, which look older; so maybe the setting is on the later part of 1973-85. I developed it with the C41 color kit by Tetenal.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Found_film
www.cheshirescouts.org.uk/about-us/groups/8th-warrington-...
No Fear of God
In the opening chapters of Romans, Paul has been methodically building his case that all mankind in Adam is without the righteousness that allows us to stand unafraid before God Almighty. The Gentiles who do not have the Mosaic law nonetheless suppress and reject the Lord's revelation in creation and their consciences. The Jews who have the Scriptures are no better off, for they have not kept God's law with the perfection required for justification—the Lord's declaration that a person is righteous in His sight. True, Jews have benefits that Gentiles lack, but mere possession of these benefits is not enough, and like the Gentiles, the Jews have fallen far short of God's glory. But although this teaching is offensive to anyone who measures goodness by comparing themselves to others and not to the Lord's perfect standards, it should not be difficult for anyone who actually knows the Old Testament. After all, the Hebrew Scriptures provide ample testimony of the pervasive sinfulness of humanity (Rom.1:18; 3:17). The worst indictment of all that we read in the Old Testament is Psalm 36:1, which the Apostle quotes in today's passage (Rom.3:18). "There is no fear of God before their eyes" represents a stinging and decisive rebuke for all who think themselves in the right before our Creator. Remember that the fear of God or the fear of the Lord is the foundation of all true piety. It is the starting point for godliness, the beginning of wisdom that leads to eternal life (Psa.111:10; Pro.10:27). The fear of God is properly held before our "eyes" because fearing Him means that we keep Him and His statutes as the focus and center of our attention. But human beings in Adam have utterly failed to view the Lord with such reverence. Because of this, we sin in what we think, do, and say. Ultimately, if we cannot keep the fear of God before our eyes, we cannot do anything else that is pleasing to Him. We start off on the wrong foot, as it were, and that means the entire direction of our lives is oriented away from the things of the Lord. Because there is no fear of the Almighty for the naturally conceived-and-born sons and daughters of Adam, "..None is righteous, no, not one" (Rom.3:10). Matthew Henry comments on today's passage, "Where no fear of God is, no good is to be expected." Fallen people might do civic goods that are praiseworthy from a human perspective, but they cannot do what is fully and truly good in the Lord's sight. Apart from Christ, we are as bad off as we could possibly be.
_____
Renewing Your Mind - A Message by R.C. Sproul
Devotional originally published at Ligonier.org
these are a few of my reject pics for the Lati photo contest... to see my entree click here www.facebook.com/events/592161494160572/
The parts on the left (and top) are regular Tan / Brick Yellow. The Duplo figure on the right has Light Brick Yellow hair.
The liftarms on the right were probably factory quality rejects. They were given to a child that loved to build with LEGO Technic somewhere around 1997-1999. It is noticeable that both liftarms have slightly different shades, and both are clearly much lighter than regular tan.
Regular tan liftarms were used in sets in 2000, 2007 and 2009. It is possible that these parts were a production error for the 2000 sets.
The known Light Brick Yellow parts were made somewhere in the 2004-2006 period, but the colour might have been planned or used in prototypes earlier. That is another possible origin of these odd coloured parts.
The Executive MACs keep coming as BNSF (ex-BN) SD70MACs #9698 and #9666 arrive Eola with H-GFDBRC. The train could not make the Belt in time before rush and the train tied down at West Eola for the afternoon.
All American Rejects – teaching concert photographers everywhere how to play zone defense, or sprain an ankle trying.
Here's a rare moment were frontman Tyson Ritter was taking a breather – but only for a hot second.
Check out the full set along with the complete shooting notes at ishootshows.com/.
Maybe this peacock was rejected by NBC......so it decided to moon them.
This white peacock decided to display it's beautiful plummage, but chose to do it behind the bird enclosures. I walked around and got a better view of it between the enclosures. It was certainly proud of it's feathers and stood there and turned slowly around to show off for anyone interested in watching. Only the second time I've caught one with it's feathers spread out and seeing this white one was pure luck.
(For my non-American contacts....NBC is a TV station that uses a colorful peacock as it's logo)
Have a great day! Thank you for taking a look! "Make Me Smile" - Feathery Friday!
Rejected studies from a soon-to-be-released project. It is a modification of the Addition/Subtraction forces study.
I have not been satisfied with ANY of my recent imagaes, so now I'm dipping into my rejected photos that I was not originally happy with. I need to find a way to get back into my groove.
A left over reject from my macromonday attempts.
Runner bean Moonlight - a white flowered runner. These wont be getting sown until end of April.
Above all powers
Above all kings
Above all nature
And all created things
Above all wisdom
And all the ways of man
You were here
Before the world began
Above all kingdoms
Above all thrones
Above all wonders
The world has ever known
Above all wealth
And treasures of the earth
There's no way to measure
What You're worth
Crucified
Laid behind a stone
You lived to die
Rejected and alone
Like a rose
Trampled on the ground
You took the fall
And thought of me
Above all
The black and white female rejects the advances of the male by raising her abdomen. This could be because she is already mated or just not in the mood. Whatever, the fluttering male remains both out of focus and out of luck. Not his day!
Gloucestershire 24.4.2025
This was the first sheep I made to go on the tractor wedding cake topper but I decided he looked too much like Shaun the Sheep and so rejected him.
Before you all get your hankies out though ...... I'm sure I'll find a little spot at home were he can live ...... he does look rather cute !
Hand modelled in polymer clay.
(further information and pictures are available by clicking on the link at the end of section and of page!)
Synagogue St. Pölten
Exterior of the former St. Pölten Synagogue
The St. Pölten Synagogue was up to the November pogroms in 1938 the main synagogue of the Jewish Community of St. Pölten. The In the years 1912 to 1913 by the architects Theodor Schreier and Viktor Postelberg built Art Nouveau synagogue is located in the Dr. Karl Renner Promenade in St. Pölten and is now the headquarters of the Institute for Jewish History in Austria.
History
The old synagogue, which was demolished in favor of the new one
The first prayer rooms of in 1863 founded Jewish Community of St. Pölten were located in the premises of the former Kattunmanufaktur (cotton manufactory), the later Gasser factory at school ring. A building of this factory was adapted between 1885 and 1890 as a synagogue. This adaptation was associated with considerable effort, which is why the members of the Jewish community already since 1888 endeavoured to get a new building, until 1903 but this was rejected by the township. At this time, a redesign of the promenade was planned, which was only possible by demolition of the in the street course standing synagogue. After lengthy preparations, a preparatory committee was elected in April 1907, which in addition to building site and plans the necessary financing should provide.
1911, a building committee was chosen and agreed with the community a real estate exchange. At the architectural competition, which was tendered in the same year, participated among others Jacob Modern, Jacob Gartner, Ignaz Reiser and Theodor Schreier. The latter was together with his partner Viktor Postelberg by the Committee commissioned another project for a temple with room for 220 men and 150 women to submitt, which was then realized. The conditions for the planning work developed Rudolf Frass. The necessary funds were raised through collections and appeals for donations throughout the country, so that could be started with the construction in June 1912. The gilding works were carried out by Ferdinand Andri. After little more than a year of construction and 141 390 crowns total investment, the synagoge on 17 August 1913 was solemnly consecrated.
Destruction
On the night of 9th to the 10th November 1938 invaded several SS and SA members the rooms of the synagogue, smashed windows and set fire. The that night caused damage was limited, as the fire could be extinguished relatively quickly. On the following morning 300 to 400 people gathered, some in civilian clothes, in front of the building. They moved with the singing of political songs in the sacred spaces and destroyed them completely. The windows were broken, Torah scrolls, Torah shrine, benches and images burned. Even water pipes and door posts were torn from the walls. The books of the extensive library were largely thrown on the road and burned. Some people climbed the dome and tore the Star of David of the roof .
Almost all of the movable property of the Jewish community was destroyed or stolen . A limited set of books were placed in the city archives, the City Museum there's still a donation box and a painting of Emperor Franz Josef, which hung in the entrance area. A single prayer book is since 1998 owned again by the Jewish Community.
In the following years the side rooms of the building of the SA were used as an office, the interior was used among other things as furniture warehouse. 1942, the synagogue became the property of the city of St. Pölten, which used it as a detention center for Russian forced laborers. In last fightings and bombings in 1945 the building was further damaged.
1945
The Red Army used the former synagogue as a grain storage until it was in 1947 returned to the city. The application of restitution was recognized in 1952 by the city council, which then returned the synagogue to the Jewish Community Vienna. In the following years, the former house of God continued to decay as after the Holocaust no Jewish community in St. Pölten could establish. The domed roof showed severe damage, individual components were threatening to collapse completely and through the boarded windows came rain and snow into the by dovecotes populated house.
In 1975, the Jewish Community Vienna (IKG - Israelitische Kultusgemeinde Wien) offered the city of St. Pölten to purchase the synagogue, which did not accept the offer due to lack of uses. Then the Jewish Community Vienna wanted to initiate the demolition, but this was prevented by the fact that the Federal Monuments Office the building put under monument protection. Then it was renovated from 1980 to 1984. Here, for example, many wall paintings were recovered, on the other hand, some structural changes were made (especially removal of water basins for the ritual washing of the hands), since it was clear from the beginning that the building would not be used as a synagogue, but as an event center.
Since 1988 in the premises of the former synagogue the Institute for Jewish History of Austria is located, further regular events are realized. The original function the synagoge never could fulfill again, as too few Jews returned after the Holocaust to St. Pölten.
On the occasion of the 100th anniversary of the synagogue the City Museum in St. Pölten 2013/14 the building dedicates its own special exhibition. In doing so there is also shown a recently found photo of the interior before the destruction. It is also pointed out that the synagogue due to lack of funding already again is abandoned to a certain decay.
The St. Pölten rabbi
Interior of the synagogue with part of the dome ceiling, in the center of the former shrine
Name Period of office
Moritz Tintner 1863-1869
Adolf Kurrein 1873-1876
Samuel Marcus 1876-1878
Adolf Hahn 1878-1882
Jacob Reiss 1882-1889
Bernhard Zimmels 1889-1891
Leopold Weinsberg 1891-1897
Adolf Schächter 1897-1934
Arnold Frankfurt 1934-1936
Manfred Papo 1936-1938
Building description
Outside
The dominant element of the synagogue is the octagonal, completed by a large dome main building, to which the eastern and western side wings are attached. Connected to the synagogue is the former school building in Lederergasse 12.
Main tract
The main tract houses the former sanctuary. The facade is divided into a low ground floor, high upper floor and the dome. At the facade facing the street can be found in the two storeys each three windows, that are executed on the ground floor as low segmental arch windows with above running continuously cordon cornice. The windows on the upper floor, however, are high, rectangular windows, the space between them is divided by pilasters. The original stained glass windows were destroyed from 1938, today, clear glass can be found in the windows. Directly under the dome there is a large segment gable with representations of the Tablets of the Law, set in floral vines. Beneath it is written in Hebrew the text of Psalm 118, verse 19.
" פתחו לי שערי צדק אבא בם אודה יה "
"Open to me the gates of righteousness: I will enter and give thanks to God".
- Inscription under the law boards.
On the short, lateral oblique walls of the main building on the ground floor there are side entrances, in the transition to the dome there are embedded large oval windows.
Side wings
To the eastern side wing, which in comparison to the western tract is designed very narrowly, connects the former school building and was once home to the shrine. At the by segment gable and barrel roof completed tract can be found on the northern front in the upper floor a tall, rectangular window of the same type as that of the main wing. At the eastern side a round window is embedded, in the ground floor begins a connecting room to the school building.
The western side wing is identical to the east in the basic form, but it is significantly wider. In addition, in front of it there are entrance buildings. Both at the road side and on the opposite side between the main wing and the western annex are wide projecting semi-circular staircases, next to it can be found till half the height of the first upper floor each a buttress with two low windows. Road side, this buttress is preceded by a walk-in porch, which on three sides is open round-arched. The with triangular gable completed building ends in a concave enclosure, where a commemorative plaque is attached today. The west facade repeats the design of the main building, it can be found on the ground floor low segmental arch windows with above running continuously, jagged cordon cornice. On the first floor the windows are, however, significantly lower than in the main wing.
Former school building
The former school building has its main facade towards Lederergasse and there has the number 12. The road-side main facade of the two-storey building is divided into four axes. The window on the ground floor are round-arched disigned, the ones on the upper floor rectangularly. Between side wing of the synagogue and the main wing of the school building there is a tower-like, curved stairwell risalit up to the attic.
de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synagoge_St._P%C3%B6lten
(further information is available by clicking on the link at the end of page!)
History of the City St. Pölten
In order to present concise history of the Lower Austrian capital is in the shop of the city museum a richly illustrated full version on CD-ROM.
Tip
On the occasion of the commemoration of the pogroms of November 1938, the Institute for Jewish History of Austria its virtual Memorbuch (Memory book) for the destroyed St. Pölten Jewish community since 10th November 2012 is putting online.
Prehistory
The time from which there is no written record is named after the main materials used for tools and weapons: Stone Age, Bronze Age, Iron Age. Using the latest technologies, archaeologists from archaeological finds and aerial photographs can trace a fairly detailed picture of life at that time. Especially for the time from the settling down of the People (New Stone Age), now practicing agriculture and animal husbandry, in the territory of St. Pölten lively settlement activity can be proved. In particular, cemeteries are important for the research, because the dead were laid in the grave everyday objects and jewelry, the forms of burial changing over time - which in turn gives the archeology valuable clues for the temporal determination. At the same time, prehistory of Sankt Pölten would not be half as good documented without the construction of the expressway S33 and other large buildings, where millions of cubic meters of earth were moved - under the watchful eyes of the Federal Monuments Office!
A final primeval chapter characterized the Celts, who settled about 450 BC our area and in addition to a new culture and religion also brought with them the potter's wheel. The kingdom of Noricum influenced till the penetration of the Romans the development in our area.
Roman period, migrations
The Romans conquered in 15 BC the Celtic Empire and established hereinafter the Roman province of Noricum. Borders were protected by military camp (forts), in the hinterland emerged civilian cities, almost all systematically laid out according to the same plan. The civil and commercial city Aelium Cetium, as St. Pölten was called (city law 121/122), consisted in the 4th Century already of heated stone houses, trade and craft originated thriving urban life, before the Romans in the first third of the 5th Century retreated to Italy.
The subsequent period went down as the Migration Period in official historiography, for which the settlement of the Sankt Pöltner downtown can not be proved. Cemeteries witness the residence of the Lombards in our area, later it was the Avars, extending their empire to the Enns.
The recent archaeological excavations on the Cathedral Square 2010/2011, in fact, the previous knowledge of St.Pölten colonization not have turned upside down but enriched by many details, whose full analysis and publication are expected in the near future.
Middle Ages
With the submission of the Avars by Charlemagne around 800 AD Christianity was gaining a foothold, the Bavarian Benedictine monastery of Tegernsee establishing a daughter house here - as founder are mentioned the brothers Adalbert and Ottokar - equipped with the relics of St. Hippolytus. The name St. Ypolit over the centuries should turn into Sankt Pölten. After the Hungarian wars and the resettlement of the monastery as Canons Regular of St. Augustine under the influence of Passau St. Pölten received mid-11th Century market rights.
In the second half of the 20th century historians stated that records in which the rights of citizens were held were to be qualified as Town Charters. Vienna is indeed already in 1137 as a city ("civitas") mentioned in a document, but the oldest Viennese city charter dates only from the year 1221, while the Bishop of Passau, Konrad, already in 1159 the St. Pöltnern secured:
A St. Pöltner citizen who has to answer to the court, has the right to make use of an "advocate".
He must not be forced to rid himself of the accusation by a judgment of God.
A St. Pöltner citizen may be convicted only by statements of fellow citizens, not by strangers.
From the 13th Century exercised a city judge appointed by the lord of the city the high and low jurisdiction as chairman of the council meetings and the Municipal Court, Inner and Outer Council supported him during the finding of justice. Venue for the public verdict was the in the 13th Century created new marketplace, the "Broad Market", now the town hall square. Originally square-shaped, it was only later to a rectangle reduced. Around it arose the market district, which together with the monastery district, the wood district and the Ledererviertel (quarter of the leather goods manufacturer) was protected by a double city wall.
The dependence of St. Pölten of the bishop of Passau is shown in the municipal coat of arms and the city seal. Based on the emblem of the heraldic animal of the Lord of the city, so the Bishop of Passau, it shows an upright standing wolf holding a crosier in its paw.
Modern Times
In the course of the armed conflict between the Emperor Frederick III . and King Matthias of Hungary pledged the Bishop of Passau the town on the Hungarian king. From 1485 stood Lower Austria as a whole under Hungarian rule. The most important document of this period is the awarding of the city coat of arms by King Matthias Corvinus in the year 1487. After the death of the opponents 1490 and 1493 could Frederick's son Maximilian reconquer Lower Austria. He considered St. Pölten as spoils of war and had no intention of returning it to the diocese of Passau. The city government has often been leased subsequently, for instance, to the family Wellenstein, and later to the families Trautson and Auersperg.
That St. Pölten now was a princely city, found its expression in the coat of arms letter of the King Ferdinand I. from 1538: From now on, the wolf had no crosier anymore, and the from the viewer's point of view left half showed the reverse Austrian shield, so silver-red-silver.
To the 16th Century also goes back the construction of St. Pöltner City Hall. The 1503 by judge and council acquired house was subsequently expanded, rebuilt, extended and provided with a tower.
A for the urban history research important picture, painted in 1623, has captured scenes of the peasant uprising of 1597, but also allows a view to the city and lets the viewer read some of the details of the then state of construction. The economic inconveniences of that time were only exacerbated by the Thirty Years War, at the end of which a fifth of the houses were uninhabited and the citizenry was impoverished.
Baroque
After the successful defense against the Turks in 1683, the economy started to recover and a significant building boom began. Lower Austria turned into the land of the baroque abbeys and monasteries, as it is familiar to us today.
In St. Pölten, the change of the cityscape is closely connected to the Baroque architect Jakob Prandtauer. In addition to the Baroquisation of the interior of the cathedral, a number of buildings in St. Pölten go to his account, so the reconstruction of the castle Ochsenburg, the erection of the Schwaighof and of the core building of the Institute of the Blessed Virgin Mary (Englische Fräuleins - English Maidens) - from 1706 the seat of the first school order of St.Pölten - as well as of several bourgeois houses.
Joseph Munggenast, nephew and co-worker of Prandtauer, completed the Baroquisation of the cathedral, he baroquised the facade of the town hall (1727) and numerous bourgeois houses and designed a bridge over the Traisen which existed until 1907. In the decoration of the church buildings were throughout Tyroleans collaborating, which Jakob Prandtauer had brought along from his homeland (Tyrol) to St. Pölten, for example, Paul Troger and Peter Widerin.
Maria Theresa and her son Joseph II: Their reforms in the city of the 18th Century also left a significant mark. School foundings as a result of compulsory education, the dissolution of the monasteries and hereinafter - from 1785 - the new role of St. Pölten as a bishop's seat are consequences of their policies.
1785 was also the year of a fundamental alteration of the old Council Constitution: The city judge was replaced by one magistrate consisting of five persons, at the head was a mayor. For the first mayor the painter Josef Hackl was chosen.
The 19th century
Despite the Napoleonic Wars - St. Pölten in 1805 and 1809 was occupied by the French - and despite the state bankruptcy of 1811, increased the number of businesses constantly, although the economic importance of the city for the time being did not go beyond the near vicinity.
Against the background of monitoring by the state secret police, which prevented any political commitment between the Congress of Vienna and the 1848 revolution, the citizens withdrew into private life. Sense of family, fostering of domestic music, prominent salon societies in which even a Franz Schubert socialized, or the construction of the city theater were visible signs of this attitude.
The economic upswing of the city did not begin until after the revolution of the year 1848. A prerequisite for this was the construction of the Empress Elisabeth Western Railway, moving Vienna, Linz, soon Salzburg, too, in a reachable distance. The city walls were pulled down, St. Pölten could unfold. The convenient traffic situation favored factory start-ups, and so arose a lace factory, a revolver factory, a soap factory or, for example, as a precursor of a future large-scale enterprise, the braid, ribbon and Strickgarnerzeugung (knitting yarn production) of Matthias Salcher in Harland.
In other areas, too, the Gründerzeit (years of rapid industrial expansion in Germany - and Austria) in Sankt Pölten was honouring its name: The city got schools, a hospital, gas lanterns, canalization, hot springs and summer bath.
The 20th century
At the beginning of the 20th Century the city experienced another burst of development, initiated by the construction of the power station in 1903, because electricity was the prerequisite for the settlement of large companies. In particular, the companies Voith and Glanzstoff and the main workshop of the Federal Railways attracted many workers. New Traisen bridge, tram, Mariazell Railway and other infrastructure buildings were erected; St. Pölten obtained a synagogue. The Art Nouveau made it repeatedly into the urban architecture - just think of the Olbrich House - and inspired also the painting, as exponents worth to be mentioned are Ernst Stöhr or Ferdinand Andri.
What the outbreak of the First World War in broad outlines meant for the monarchy, on a smaller scale also St. Pölten has felt. The city was heavily impacted by the deployment of army units, a POW camp, a military hospital and a sick bay. Industrial enterprises were partly converted into war production, partly closed. Unemployment, housing emergency and food shortages long after the war still were felt painfully.
The 1919 to mayor elected Social Democrat Hubert Schnofl after the war tried to raise the standard of living of the people by improving the social welfare and health care. The founding of a housing cooperative (Wohnungsgenossenschaft), the construction of the water line and the establishment of new factories were further attempts to stimulate the stiffening economy whose descent could not be stopped until 1932.
After the National Socialist regime had stirred false hopes and plunged the world into war, St. Pölten was no longer the city as it has been before. Not only the ten devastating bombings of the last year of the war had left its marks, also the restrictive persecution of Jews and political dissidents had torn holes in the structure of the population. Ten years of Russian occupation subsequently did the rest to traumatize the population, but at this time arose from the ruins a more modern St. Pölten, with the new Traisen bridge, district heating, schools.
This trend continued, an era of recovery and modernization made the economic miracle palpable. Already in 1972 was - even if largely as a result of incorporations - exceeded the 50.000-inhabitant-limit.
Elevation to capital status (capital of Lower Austria), 10 July 1986: No other event in this dimension could have become the booster detonation of an up to now ongoing development thrust. Since then in a big way new residential and commercial areas were opened up, built infrastructure constructions, schools and universities brought into being to enrich the educational landscape. East of the Old Town arose the governmental and cultural district, and the list of architects wears sonorous names such as Ernst Hoffmann (NÖ (Lower Austria) Landhaus; Klangturm), Klaus Kada (Festspielhaus), Hans Hollein (Shedhalle and Lower Austrian Provincial Museum), Karin Bily, Paul Katzberger and Michael Loudon ( NÖ State Library and NÖ State Archive).
European Diploma, European flag, badge of honor, Europe Price: Between 1996 and 2001, received St. Pölten numerous appreciations of its EU commitment - as a sort of recognition of the Council of Europe for the dissemination of the EU-idea through international town twinnings, a major Europe exhibition or, for example, the establishment and chair of the "Network of European medium-sized cities".
On the way into the 21st century
Just now happened and already history: What the St. Pöltnern as just experienced sticks in their minds, travelers and newcomers within a short time should be told. The theater and the hospital handing over to the province of Lower Austria, a new mayor always on the go, who was able to earn since 2004 already numerous laurels (Tags: polytechnic, downtown enhancement, building lease scheme, bus concept) - all the recent changes are just now condensed into spoken and written language in order to make, from now on, the history of the young provincial capital in the 3rd millennium nachlesbar (checkable).
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