View allAll Photos Tagged Refine

Oil refinery in Anacortes, WA.

Ich umarme Dich. Meine scharfe Süße.

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My beloved red onion, you always give my salad the right spiciness. Your relish also refines other stews made from vegetables or meat roasted in the pan. I definitely don't want to do without you. Even if I have to tickle you a little with the knife every now and then – please don't resent the cutting – I will always be very careful. Please stay with me, my dear.

Well, all right – that should just be a small declaration of love for a vegetable that I really appreciate: the red onion. (And no, I didn't cry – I know the trick and didn't breathe through my nose ;-) ...)

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Meine liebe rote Zwiebel, Du gibst meinem Salat immer die rechte Schärfe. Deine Würze verfeinert unter anderem auch andere Schmorgerichte aus Gemüse oder in der Pfanne gebratenes Fleisch ergänzt Du hervorragend. Ich möchte auf gar keinen Fall auf Dich verzichten. Auch wenn ich Dich leider ab und zu mit dem Messer ein wenig kitzeln muss – nimm mir bitte das Schneiden nicht übel – ich werde immer sehr vorsichtig sein. Bitte bleib bei mir, meine Liebe.

Also, na gut – das sollte nur eine kleine Liebeserklärung an ein Gemüse werden, das ich wirklich sehr schätze: die rote Zwiebel. (Und nein, ich habe nicht geheult – ich kenne den Trick und habe nicht durch die Nase geatmet ;-) ... )

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Ingredients: slice of a red onion, knife, red cardboard, daylight as backlight, bicycle light as spotlight on the red background

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Zutaten: Scheibe einer roten Zwiebel, Messer, roter Karton, Tageslicht als Gegenlicht, Fahrradleuchte als Scheinwerferlicht auf den roten Hintergrund

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#MacroMondays 2020 / February 17 / #Vegetables / HMM and a splendid healthy day to everyone!

I had no idea what I was taking picture of, but the building looked interesting. The sign was a bit of a clue and it turns out, that Vancouver is only 4 years older than this refinery. It looked abandoned, but still produces 10% of Canadian sugar. Rogers Sugar was founded in 1890 by Benjamin Tingley Rogers. If I have a son, I would name him Tingley, for sure. Tingley may had some problems in school with that name, but he became one of the wealthiest men in Canada.

 

942. Vancouver 18. 2017-Jul 11; P1310340. Upload 2022-Feb 05. Lmx -ZS25

   

What Does Amae Wear?

Victoria Gown @ Purplemoon

Hatsuyume @ {anc}

Leia Tattoo @ This is Wrong

Oro Earrings @ RAWR!

Linda Hair @ Monso

 

Standard on Amae:

Milan @ LeLutka

Ellie Skin @ Amara Beauty

Lara Body @ Maitreya

Clarice Tattoo @ Dappa

Fedra Arm Tattoo @ Carol G

Thomas Konverter - Veredelung von Roheisen

(1954-1964 im Einsatz)

 

Phoenix Lake in Dortmund

 

Thomas Converter - Refining of pig iron

(in use from 1954 to 1964)

 

A pileated woodpecker twisting his head to the left and downward to reach something within his excavation.

A farmer unloads raw salt at salt field yard in Chittagong, Bangladesh. This photo is taken in the destination of Banshkhali Upazila in the division of Chittagong in the country of Bangladesh.

 

The salt industry being one of the largest labor intensive cottage industries of Bangladesh absorbs largely around 5 million people directly or indirectly. The total value chain of the salt industry in Bangladesh involves largely two sub-sectoral activities namely-- the refining process which is operated by salt mills and the crude salt production process that involves a significant chunk of marginal farmers of coastal Bangladesh.

 

Among the farmers, farmers some are cultivating salt on their own lands while the other farmers are cultivating salt after taking the land as lease either directly from owners of the lands or through middle men. Local administration sources said a huge quantity of lands are being used for salt cultivation in Banshkhali this year.

 

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📧 zakir1346@gmail.com

 

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বাঁশখালীর উপকূল জুড়ে চলছে লবণ উৎপাদন। এখানকার বিভিন্ন ইউনিয়নে ৫০ হাজার লবণচাষি ১৫ হাজার হেক্টর জমিতে লবণ চাষ করছেন। অনেকে জমি মালিকের সঙ্গে চুক্তিতে চাষ করেন। উপজেলার কাথরিয়া, বাহারছড়া, সরল, গন্ডামারা, পুইছড়ি, শেখেরখীল, ছনুয়া ও খানখানাবাদ উপকূলীয় এলাকায় ব্যস্ত সময় পার করছেন তারা।

 

লবণ চাষিরা জানান, কাঠের রোলার দিয়ে মাঠ সমতল করার পর চারপাশে মাটির আইল দিয়ে ছোট ছোট প্লট তৈরি করা হয়। এরপর ছোট প্লটগুলো রোদে শুকিয়ে কালো বা নীল রঙের পলিথিন বিছিয়ে দেওয়া হয়।

 

জোয়ার এলে মাঠের মাঝখানে তৈরি করা নালা দিয়ে জমির প্লটে জমানো হয় সাগরের লবণাক্ত পানি। অনেকে ইঞ্জিনচালিত শ্যালো মেশিনও ব্যবহার করেন। এভাবে পানি সংগ্রহ করার পর ৪ থেকে ৫ দিন রোদে রাখা হয়।

 

কড়া রোদে পানি বাষ্পীভূত হয়ে চলে যায় আর লবণ পড়ে থাকে পলিথিনের ওপর। লবণ চাষ মূলত আবহাওয়ার ওপর নির্ভরশীল। একটু ঝড় বৃষ্টি হলেই উৎপাদন বন্ধ হয়ে যায়। কুয়াশাও লবণের জন্য ক্ষতিকর।

 

উৎপাদিত লবণ থেকে পানি সরে গেলে ব্যাপারীদের হাতে তুলে দেওয়া হয়। এই লবণ কিনে নিয়ে কারখানায় রিফাইনারি মেশিনের মাধ্যমে পরিশোধন শেষে বস্তা বা প্যাকেট ভর্তি করা হয়। পরে সেই লবণ চলে যায় বিভিন্ন স্থানে।

A tank car from the defunct Kanotex Refining Company, now on display at the Galveston Railroad Museum, Texas.

So this was before I went WAY down the rabbit hole lol. I was still in the tweaking stage, getting more BOM stuff, testing it out, refining the shape :) I saw this prop and had to take a pic, because it was TOO cool :)

A farmer unloads raw salt at salt field yard in Chittagong, Bangladesh. This photo is taken in the destination of Banshkhali Upazila in the division of Chittagong in the country of Bangladesh.

 

The salt industry being one of the largest labor intensive cottage industries of Bangladesh absorbs largely around 5 million people directly or indirectly. The total value chain of the salt industry in Bangladesh involves largely two sub-sectoral activities namely-- the refining process which is operated by salt mills and the crude salt production process that involves a significant chunk of marginal farmers of coastal Bangladesh.

 

Among the farmers, farmers some are cultivating salt on their own lands while the other farmers are cultivating salt after taking the land as lease either directly from owners of the lands or through middle men. Local administration sources said a huge quantity of lands are being used for salt cultivation in Banshkhali this year.

 

© Zakir Hossain | Chattogram | 2023

☎ +8801611266162 📧 zakir1346@gmail.com

 

বাঁশখালীর উপকূল জুড়ে চলছে লবণ উৎপাদন। এখানকার বিভিন্ন ইউনিয়নে ৫০ হাজার লবণচাষি ১৫ হাজার হেক্টর জমিতে লবণ চাষ করছেন। অনেকে জমি মালিকের সঙ্গে চুক্তিতে চাষ করেন। উপজেলার কাথরিয়া, বাহারছড়া, সরল, গন্ডামারা, পুইছড়ি, শেখেরখীল, ছনুয়া ও খানখানাবাদ উপকূলীয় এলাকায় ব্যস্ত সময় পার করছেন তারা।

 

লবণ চাষিরা জানান, কাঠের রোলার দিয়ে মাঠ সমতল করার পর চারপাশে মাটির আইল দিয়ে ছোট ছোট প্লট তৈরি করা হয়। এরপর ছোট প্লটগুলো রোদে শুকিয়ে কালো বা নীল রঙের পলিথিন বিছিয়ে দেওয়া হয়।

 

জোয়ার এলে মাঠের মাঝখানে তৈরি করা নালা দিয়ে জমির প্লটে জমানো হয় সাগরের লবণাক্ত পানি। অনেকে ইঞ্জিনচালিত শ্যালো মেশিনও ব্যবহার করেন। এভাবে পানি সংগ্রহ করার পর ৪ থেকে ৫ দিন রোদে রাখা হয়।

 

কড়া রোদে পানি বাষ্পীভূত হয়ে চলে যায় আর লবণ পড়ে থাকে পলিথিনের ওপর। লবণ চাষ মূলত আবহাওয়ার ওপর নির্ভরশীল। একটু ঝড় বৃষ্টি হলেই উৎপাদন বন্ধ হয়ে যায়। কুয়াশাও লবণের জন্য ক্ষতিকর।

 

উৎপাদিত লবণ থেকে পানি সরে গেলে ব্যাপারীদের হাতে তুলে দেওয়া হয়। এই লবণ কিনে নিয়ে কারখানায় রিফাইনারি মেশিনের মাধ্যমে পরিশোধন শেষে বস্তা বা প্যাকেট ভর্তি করা হয়। পরে সেই লবণ চলে যায় বিভিন্ন স্থানে।

Another refining old photo.

 

This is my favorite swan picture out of my collections, even though it was sort of out-of-focus. I regret that I only took one shot, without having any alternative position or exposure.

This week's theme for Mosaic Montage Monday was Refine. What inspired me was something I read about the trend towards people refining their craft, becoming masters of their craft.

 

Excellence in photography has always interested me and I continually try to advance towards achieving it. I enjoy seeing photography from people who treat photography as an art.

 

I am so happy to finally have a great camera and I am learning all the things it can do that my old camera couldn't. Photography is more than the camera, though. The environment you create when your spirit is into it is something special. For me, I am always fine-tuning that part of it...

Hair - D!va, Samantha

Bikini - :zk:, Sunny

Skirt, Drape & Belt - Baiastice, Marea @FaMESHed

 

Picture by Lilias Ianlanthas

Après un réveil matinal, je me suis rendu de Dombås à l'endroit selectionné la veille, plus bas dans la vallée. En roulant, j'ai rapidement compris que le brouillard allait compromettre mon plan. Après un demi-tour sur la route, je cherchais sans trop d'espoir une autre position qui n'était pas dans le brouillard, bonne avec la lumière et sans que celle-ci soit cachée derrière la montagne. Comme aucun coin ne réunissait tous ces paramètres, je me suis arrêté ici, au bord de la route. C'est en effet là que la situation paraissait la moins pire. Après plusieurs minutes qui ont semblé être une éternité, les rayons du soleil ont enfin commencé à éclairer la zone. Quelques minutes plus tard, un bruit se faisait entendre au loin. La TME 1514, louée à OnRail, arrivait.

 

La photo montre le train 5902 reliant Åndalsnes à Alnabru. Il s'agit de l'unique train de marchandises à circuler sur la ligne de Rauma. Habituellement tracté par une Eurodual, il arrive occasionnellement qu'une TME puisse être observée en tête de celui-ci.

 

© Alexandre Zanello

JACKET: ::LFE;;Celine Jacket_Maitreya

BODYSUIT: _CD_ Lorena Brown Jumpsuit - Maitreya Lara

HEELS: Blueberry - Bonita Heels - Ankle High - Maitreya

NECKLACE: Kibitz - Aniabis necklace - onyx

HAIR:little bones. Mara

Great Falls, Montana

The raindrops glittering in the sun refine this already beautiful dahlia blossom and create a masterpiece of shape and color. I think that it should do without big words and work on its own.

For this reason, I'll leave it at that and wish you all a bright start to the week.

 

Die in der Sonne glitzernden Regentropfen veredeln diese auch so schon schöne Dahlienblüte und schaffen ein Meisterwerk aus Form und Farbe.Ich denke, das sollte auch ohne große Worte auskommen und für sich alleine Wirken.

Aus diesem Grund belasse ich es dabei und wünsche Euch alle eine strahlenden Wochenstart.

 

more of this on my website at: www.shoot-to-catch.de

The modern history of petroleum began in the 19th century with the refining of paraffin from crude oil. The Scottish chemist James Young in 1847 noticed a natural petroleum seepage in the Riddings colliery at Alfreton, Derbyshire from which he distilled a light thin oil suitable for use as lamp oil, at the same time obtaining a thicker oil suitable for lubricating machinery. In 1846, Baku (settlement Bibi-Heybat) the first ever well drilled with percussion tools to a depth of 21 meters for oil exploration, based on data of Nicolay Voskoboynikov; it was 13 years before the Drake's well was drilled in Pennsylvania. The new oils were successful, but the supply of oil from the coal mine soon began to fail (eventually being exhausted in 1851). Young, noticing that the oil was dripping from the sandstone roof of the coal mine, theorized that it somehow originated from the action of heat on the coal seam and from this thought that it might be produced artificially.

 

Information by Wikipedia.

 

Texture's & Effect's by William Walton & Topaz.

Refining my comet shooting technique after the dramas of last time. I used a Nikon D810A with a Sigma Art 135mm lens at f/2, ISO200, 27 x 30 second shots during and beyond astro twilight. The camera was on a ZWO AM5, I used the ZWO ASIAIR Mini to polar align, then get my framing where I was happy with it, and ran the autofocus routine with a ZWO EAF connected to the lens. Once that was done I ran unguided in continuous exposure mode with a wired shutter release that locks on, while I shot landscape astro comet shots with the other camera. For processing I used APP, I didn't do any comet alignment. I removed much of the astro twilight colour from the sky and with more subs the satellites are almost gone. The artifact on the bottom right is from the ground getting in the frame! Final processing in Photoshop.

SACRED

 

World is not what it seems to be

The real face one cannot see

Beauty comes from the facade

Inner side is full of fraud

What it portrays is not the truth

Inner surface is hard, uncouth

Corrupt people corrupt it more

On their faces its taste is sore

Chastity and purity is at stake

People take it like hot cake

Love and hatred go side by side

People take it a joyful ride

No one is there like a guide

Who can spread truth far and wide

But saints do come to refine its worth

Besides bad there is no dearth

Of all those who believe its fine

Besides all those who take its wine

A taste for those a pain for all

Who believe to stall install

Water comes from the divine

To purify all as a symbol as a sign

To take their taste with smiling face

Who are determined to save their race

Who do still believe in grace

Who kiss ugliness and embrace

With the cleanliness of their hearts

And are ready to collect all parts

Love and hatred, cleanliness and dirt

Who still believe to flirt

To convey the message from door to door

Not to corrupt this whore anymore

  

by Col Muhammad Khalid Khan

 

Monday, September 8, 2014

Time has a way of refining perspective. I've been thinking about the recent wildfires in Los Angeles Eaton Canyon/Alta Dena, Palisades, Hughes. I don't know yet how to photograph them. But I did photograph some wildfire areas back in 2021, walking burns and mudslides up the south central coast that happened in 2018.

 

In that year, the Woolsey fire burned much of the same area as the recent Palisades fire, burning through the Malibu hills and up the coast into Ventura. Many homes were burned. Even after 3 years, you could still see bleached driveways, foundations, and patios where homes were. Like bones in the sun. And in the hills, trees, palms, and patches of soil were black. There was a stillness.

 

It is here, in the Malibu hills, where I shot this photo.

00909017

Umicore Precious Metals Refining operates as one of the world's largest precious metals recycling facilities.

Azimuth 254.3°, 33.7 km away (21 mi).

Address: A.Greinerstraat 14. B-2660 Hoboken (Antwerpen)

 

In 1974, a 450-ton mobile portal crane with a 125 m wide, 75 m high span spanning the construction basin and adjacent construction hall was erected on the site of the former Cockerill shipyards in Hoboken by engineer Frans Cools. Since 2001, the former shipyard has been used by Smulders Projects Belgium nv to produce foundations for offshore wind turbines.

Azimuth 254.7°, 34.9 km away (21.7 mi), height 75 m (246 ft).

Address: Macabilaan, B-2660 Hoboken (Antwerpen)

 

Photo taken in 2011 from the top of the Brusilia Residence.

  

FR : Usine Umicore et grue Titan à Hoboken

 

Umicore Precious Metals Refining est l'une des plus grandes installations de recyclage de métaux précieux au monde.

Azimut 254.3°, distance 33.7 km.

Adresse : A.Greinerstraat 14. B-2660 Hoboken (Antwerpen)

 

En 1974, une grue portail mobile de 450 tonnes, d'une portée de 125 m de large et de 75 m de haut, enjambant le bassin de construction et le hall de construction adjacent est érigé sur le site des anciens chantiers Cockerill à Hoboken par l’ingénieur Frans Cools. Depuis 2001, l’ancien chantier naval est utilisé pour la production des fondations pour des éoliennes offshore par la société Smulders projects Belgium nv.

Azimut 254.7°, distance 34.9 km, hauteur 75 m.

Adresse : Macabilaan, B-2660 Hoboken (Antwerpen)

 

Photo prise en 2011 du haut de la Résidence Brusilia.

  

NL: Umicore Fabriek en Titankraan in Hoboken

 

Umicore Precious Metals Refining is een van 's werelds grootste recyclagefabrieken voor edele metalen.

Azimut 254.3°, 33.7 km ver.

Adres: A.Greinerstraat 14. B-2660 Hoboken (Antwerpen)

 

In 1974 werd op de site van de voormalige Cockerill scheepswerven in Hoboken door ingenieur Frans Cools een 450 ton zware mobiele portaalkraan met een spanwijdte van 125 m breed en 75 m hoog geplaatst, die het constructiebekken en de aangrenzende constructiehal overspande.Sinds 2001 wordt de voormalige scheepswerf gebruikt voor de productie van funderingen voor offshore windturbines door Smulders projects Belgium nv.

Azimut 254.7°, 34.9 km ver, 75 m hoog.

Adres: Macabilaan, B-2660 Hoboken (Antwerpen)

 

Foto genomen in 2011 vanaf de top van de Brusilia Residentie.

  

Copyright © Jacques de Selliers 2025 – All rights reserved.

Reproduction prohibited without my written consent.

Reproduction interdite sans mon accord écrit.

Reproductie verboden zonder mijn schriftelijke toestemming.

 

Ref.: J72_0913-nc1

Getting ready to touch down!

 

Refining my method of trying to catch these superfast little birds!

Fairbanks Alaska. ca. 1985.

The United States Smelting, Refining and Mining Company. Illinois Street supply yard.

 

The USSRM provided equipment to the Fairbanks Exploration Company (F.E. Co) in support of gold mining operations outside of Fairbanks in the middle part of the last century.

 

www.asme.org/about-asme/engineering-history/landmarks/113...

 

Friday Flashback.

Tri-X 400, Minolta SRT.

It was raining outside so I set the tripod up in the passenger seat, rolled down the window and took the photo. I took a few test shots and wondered why everything was blurry. Then I realized I should probably turn the car off to reduce the vibration during a long'ish exposure.

 

Shell Puget Sound Refinery / Anacortes, WA

 

Tumblr | www.johnwestrock.com | Prints

 

These are the big vats that they used for refining sugar from molasses when this mill was in operation. All that remains of the original structure is the walls and these kettles and other machinery. The roof is now replaces by a huge, steel structure, and walkways have been built inside it so people can get closer to the equipment.

 

When I first started coming to Sugar Mill Gardens back in January of 2008, the walls had no protection around them and the whole ruin was encircled by a chain link fence to keep people out. I think the decision to reinforce the structure with the steel roof was done to preserve what's left of the walls and the kettles. Parts of the wall came down even during the time between when I started visiting, and when they built the enclosure. It is rather monolithic and ugly, but the good thing is that we can now go inside and see things closer up than before. Future generations stand a better chance of seeing this old mill's ruins now.

My first attempt at a panorama. Needs some refining but it's a start :)

Famous dining n drinking side street in Kyoto. Tilted with Sony Nex 5. Processed in Snapspeed.

 

Recent images of mine were processed in the field with an iPhone or iPad. Although these apps do not replace Lightroom or PS for power, it does give me the ability to create or refine my imagery on the move. Works for me.

Several weeks ago I had started making a number of processing changes to one of my favorite shots - Sunset at Sea. I basically decided to scrap the original version altogether, and started the HDR / post-processing over from scratch. I wasn't sure the best way to represent the changes in the shot with regard to my photostream, but decided that it warranted a separate post vs. my original decision to just replace the existing file.

 

When I processed the original back in March, I was still learning a lot about HDR, and the resulting file wasn't truly what I was looking for. I still loved the shot at the time, but still felt it had a number of flaws. I've been learning and refining my workflow over the past year, and decided to finally revisit this image.

 

The version you see now is much more in line with what I had originally hoped it would be, but my skills at the time weren't quite commensurate with my vision. Hope you like the newer one as much as I do!

 

Originally captured aboard the Disney Fantasy (Deck 4) while sailing to St. Thomas of the U.S. Virgin Islands.

 

HDR image constructed from 3 bracketed shots - 2 stop differential between each image.

Images processed w/ Photomatix, and finished in Photoshop (including the use of various Topaz labs plugins.

PAC

 

2013- Dave Curtin Photography.

NYRBlue94

I will tweak this style a little but have been wanting to use this fabric for something like this for a while :)

Built in 1912, Hudswell Clarke design, delivered to Colonial Sugar Refining's Lautoka Mill in Fiji in 1912, repatriated 2011.

Dear Friends, I am back again from the Himalayas...It's another homecoming for me...to be back with all old friends here....to be in the folds of trust, love and care again on this grand arena...sharing with you the touch of it of two old friends sharing the bond while erasing the paths of time and age...taken in Ladakh, India

Tacoma Rail MP15ACs deliver an oil train to U.S. Oil and Refining at the Port of Tacoma.

Fall is still hanging on around here!

"Her true motive is to refine the world, to upgrade peoples' understanding -- so that everyone can have the space they need to become fully themselves."

 

Queen of Swords inspired build for this round.

 

Brickshelf Gallery

 

Not a ton really to go into for this one. Heavy influence taken from Magic the Gathering's Elesh Norn along with promotional artwork of the Iron Throne from the Game of Thrones Television show. Was neat how some of the negative and positive traits of the Tarot Card applied slightly to the character the build was based off of.

 

Between being on vacation for half of this round's build time and being sick for the other half, I didn't have as much time to really flesh the build out the way I initially envisioned it. Originally wanted to try a different color scheme and build an actual platform for her to stand on, but I'm happy enough with the way it came out.

 

Built for the MOC League 2022

Round 2

Theme - Tarot Cards

Refining a pose... I felt this one

Tangled FX 2.1 (Nov 18, 2015, 10:53:19 PM)

PaintCan, and Snapseed effects applied to iPhone 6+ photo of chancel cross at Tulsa FUMC.

This view shows the proximity of the refining operation to the Root Glacier, now nearly obscured by layers of dirt and rock moraine scoured from the mountain valleys above. Below that surface, however, some solid ice still remains from past centuries of glaciation. In the distance can be seen snow-capped 16,390ft (4,996m) Mount Blackburn.

 

Kennecott Mines National Historic Landmark preserves some of the buildings remaining from the copper ore refining operation active here from 1911 to 1938, including the machine shop (left) and the power plant with its four smokestacks.

 

Over its brief history, Kennecott Corporation, with support from J.P. Morgan, Guggenheim and other New York financiers, produced $200-300 million worth of copper and silver. (Source: National Park Service website)

 

Double-click image to enlarge.

L'Garçon refines his game...

 

And the music plays...

 

Skippy was inspired by the following sophisticated creations:

 

Deadwool's Peak Suit, available at Monsieur Chic!

 

Zerkalo's Black Line Collection, available at Monsieur Chic!

 

Zerkalo's Memories Collection, available at Shiny Shabby!

 

Apple Fall's Country Hall, available at Shiny Shabby!

 

Apple Fall's Tournament Billiard's Table, available at Apple Fall!

 

Your car awaits...

 

”Take me to Monsieur Chic!"

 

"Take me to Shiny Shabby!"

 

Keep shining bright everyone!

 

P.S. If you look very closely, there are SHIPS!!! on my tie! Thank you Mister Masa for my favorite new blue tie!

Okay now that I am getting closer to refining this effect, I will be driving everyone crazy......... I have been striving for a diffused lighting for the highlights and i think i have stumbled on a 3rd party filter that produces the effect I want. It's a very subtle effect, barely noticeable by most, but I notice it.

 

Once again, the picture of the car was not taken (by a camera, that is) by me. Actually taken off the internet. Hope I don't get sued - but why should I. I'm not selling these pictures............yet!

 

Hope you enjoy..........

Ok....my first sketches are always rough, just playing with an idea. I refine it a little bit before I start the rendering. Then on tracing paper I very lightly will start with a single center line to use as a reference. I also draw a center line on my rough sketch to compare. The rough sketches are just a tad bigger than actual size but the rendering will be at least 3 to four times actual size. All first lines are drawn as lightly as possible.....and with a .3mm pencil that I keep fine sanded to a needlepoint. I use an eraser shield and an eraser a lot....but try to draw lines only once (ha!). I use a compass whenever a clean large circle or an arc is called for. I use plastic templates for smaller circles or arcs. I use a steel straight edge and have several french curves on hand. I try and keep my grubby, oily hands off the paper by covering areas already drawn with another sheet of clean paper. When all the lines are lightly drawn just the way I want them, I erase whatever extra marks I can find and air blast the residue off. Then I darken all the lines. Then I shade it. Then I hit the whole thing with the eraser again, and air blast it. Then I apply a very light spray of "Aussie Instant Freeze" hair spray. Now it's time to paint the back. With fine sable brushes I first paint only the areas which are "gold", being very careful not to go outside the lines, hee hee! Dry it thoroughly. Then I rather sloppily apply the other colors quickly so as not to disturb the gold layer. Dry thoroughly. For this job I then also returned to the front and applied tiny smudges (without any rubbing or blending) of a day-glo green oil pastel to the green stones for highlights and green, orange and a little blue for the opal's play of color. For this back-painted rendering to be successful, you must use at least tracing paper......but vellum is uber nice! From there on it's photoshop for color-enhancement and more cleanup. But the images above are how far I get by hand.

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