iss064e004959 (Nov. 20, 2020) --- Expedition 64 Commander Sergey Ryzhikov of Roscosmos is pictured inside the Poisk module after completing a six-hour and 48-minute spacewalk to prepare the International Space Station for Russia's new Nauka multipurpose laboratory module.

Richard Jones, manager of the Mission Management and Integration Office for NASA's Commercial Crew Program, monitors the launch of a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket carrying the company's Dragon spacecraft on the Crew-6 mission with NASA astronauts Stephen Bowen and Warren "Woody" Hoburg, UAE (United Arab Emirates) astronaut Sultan Alneyadi, and Roscosmos cosmonaut Andrey Fedyaev onboard, Thursday, March 2, 2023, in firing room four of the Rocco A. Petrone Launch Control Center at NASA’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida. NASA’s SpaceX Crew-6 mission is the sixth crew rotation mission of the SpaceX Dragon spacecraft and Falcon 9 rocket to the International Space Station as part of the agency’s Commercial Crew Program. Bowen, Hoburg, Alneyadi, and Fedyaev launched at 12:34 a.m. EST, from Launch Complex 39A at the Kennedy Space Center. Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)

The Soyuz rocket launches to the International Space Station with Expedition 74 crew members: NASA astronaut Chris Williams, Roscosmos cosmonauts Sergey Kud-Sverchkov and Sergei Mikaev, onboard, Thursday, Nov. 27, 2025, at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

The Soyuz rocket with Soyuz MS-13 spacecraft onboard is seen on the launch pad after the arrival of Expedition 60 flight engineer Luca Parmitano of ESA (European Space Agency), flight engineer Drew Morgan of NASA, and Soyuz Commander Alexander Skvortsov of Roscosmos, Saturday, July 20, 2019 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Parmitano, Morgan, and Skvortsov launched at 12:28 p.m. Eastern time (9:28 p.m. Baikonur time). Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)

ExoMars is a joint endeavour between ESA and Roscosmos. The rover is part of the 2020 mission, landing on Mars with a surface science platform in 2021.

Credits: ESA - S. Corvaja

Meticulous note taking and documentation is important for geologists and astronauts a like. Here ESA's Aidan Cowley and Roscosmos astronaut Sergei Kud-Sverchkov are tagging a sample site with a QR code, and sending photos back to the science team at ground control.

Credits: ESA–A. Romeo

Expedition 63 Roscosmos cosmonauts Anatoly Ivanishin, left, and Ivan Vagner are seen inside the Soyuz MS-16 spacecraft just minutes after they and NASA astronaut Chris Cassidy, landed in a remote area near the town of Zhezkazgan, Kazakhstan on Thursday, October 22, 2020, Kazakh time (Oct. 21 Eastern time). Cassidy, Ivanishin and Vagner returned after 196 days in space having served as Expedition 62-63 crew members onboard the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/GCTC/Denis Derevtsov)

Yuri Malenchenko of Roscosmos rests in a chair outside the Soyuz TMA-19M spacecraft just minutes after he and Tim Kopra of NASA and Tim Peake of the European Space Agency landed in a remote area near the town of Zhezkazgan, Kazakhstan on Saturday, June 18, 2016. Kopra, Peake, and Malenchenko are returning after six months in space where they served as members of the Expedition 46 and 47 crews onboard the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

The Soyuz MS-04 rocket launches from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan on Thursday, April 20, 2017 Baikonur time carrying Expedition 51 Soyuz Commander Fyodor Yurchikhin of Roscosmos and Flight Engineer Jack Fischer of NASA into orbit to begin their four and a half month mission on the International Space Station. (Photo Credit: NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

jsc2016e181706 (Nov. 9, 2016) --- In the Integration Facility at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan, the Soyuz MS-03 spacecraft (left) its moved toward its encapsulation into the upper stage of its Soyuz booster Nov. 9. Expedition 50-51 crew members Peggy Whitson of NASA, Oleg Novitskiy of the Russian Federal Space Agency (Roscosmos) and Thomas Pesquet of the European Space Agency will launch on the Soyuz Nov. 18, Baikonur time, for a six-month mission on the International Space Station. NASA/Alexander Vysotsky

Oleg Kononenko of the Russian Federal Space Agency (Roscosmos) rest in a chair just minutes after he and Kjell Lindgren of NASA and Kimya Yui of the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) landed in their Soyuz TMA-17M spacecraft in a remote area near the town of Zhezkazgan, Kazakhstan on Friday, Dec. 11, 2015. Kononenko, Lindgren, and Yui are returning after 141 days in space where they served as members of the Expedition 44 and 45 crews onboard the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/GCTC/Andrey Shelepin)

Expedition 49 flight engineer Shane Kimbrough of NASA, left, Soyuz commander Sergey Ryzhikov, center, and flight engineer Andrey Borisenko of Roscosmos, right, pose for pictures in front of their Soyuz MS-02 spacecraft during their first check dress rehearsal activities, Saturday, Oct. 8, 2016 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Kimbrough, Ryzhikov, and Borsenko will launch from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan on Oct. 19. Photo Credit: (NASA/Victor Zelentsov)

nhq202010220004 (Oct. 22, 2020) --- The Soyuz MS-16 spacecraft is seen as it lands in a remote area near the town of Zhezkazgan, Kazakhstan with Expedition 63 crew members Chris Cassidy of NASA, and Anatoly Ivanishin and Ivan Vagner of Roscosmos, Thursday, October 22, 2020, Kazakh time (Oct. 21 Eastern time). Cassidy, Ivanishin and Vagner returned after 196 days in space having served as Expedition 62-63 crew members onboard the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/GCTC/Denis Derevtsov)

Members of the Russian Search and Recovery Forces conduct a briefing Monday, Feb. 29, 2016 in Karaganda, Kazakhstan on their readiness for the landing of Expedition 46 Commander Scott Kelly of NASA and Russian cosmonauts Mikhail Kornienko and Sergey Volkov of Roscosmos who are scheduled to land March 2 in their Soyuz TMA-18M spacecraft near Zhezkazgan, Kazakhstan. Kelly and Kornienko are completing an International Space Station record year-long mission to collect valuable data on the effect of long duration weightlessness on the human body that will be used to formulate a human mission to Mars. Volkov is returning after six months on the station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

jsc2019e043012 (June 7, 2019) --- Roscosmos cosmonaut and Expedition 61-62 crewmember Oleg Skripochka poses for a portrait at the Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center in Star City, Russia.

The Soyuz MS-08 rocket is launched with Expedition 55 Soyuz Commander Oleg Artemyev of Roscosmos and flight engineers Ricky Arnold and Drew Feustel of NASA, Wednesday, March 21, 2018 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Artemyev, Arnold, and Feustel will spend the next five months living and working aboard the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)

Expedition 48-49 backup crew members Peggy Whitson of NASA (left), Oleg Novitskiy of Roscosmos (center), and Thomas Pesquet of the European Space Agency pose for a group photograph at the base of a soyuz rocket Saturday, July 2, 2016 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Rubins, Ivanishin, and Onishi will launch from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan the morning of July 7, Kazakh time (July 6 Eastern time.) All three will spend approximately four months on the orbital complex, returning to Earth in October. Photo Credit: (NASA/Alexander Vysotsky)

The Soyuz MS-09 rocket is launched with Expedition 56 Soyuz Commander Sergey Prokopyev of Roscosmos, flight engineer Serena Auñón-Chancellor of NASA, and flight engineer Alexander Gerst of ESA (European Space Agency), Wednesday, June 6, 2018 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Prokopyev, Auñón-Chancellor, and Gerst will spend the next six months living and working aboard the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)

A SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket carrying the company's Dragon spacecraft is seen from inside firing room four of the Rocco A. Petrone Launch Control Center as it launches on NASA’s SpaceX Crew-6 mission to the International Space Station with NASA astronauts Stephen Bowen and Warren "Woody" Hoburg, UAE (United Arab Emirates) astronaut Sultan Alneyadi, and Roscosmos cosmonaut Andrey Fedyaev onboard, Thursday, March 2, 2023, at NASA’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida. NASA’s SpaceX Crew-6 mission is the sixth crew rotation mission of the SpaceX Dragon spacecraft and Falcon 9 rocket to the International Space Station as part of the agency’s Commercial Crew Program. Bowen, Hoburg, Alneyadi, and Fedyaev launched at 12:34 a.m. EST, from Launch Complex 39A at the Kennedy Space Center. Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)

NASA astronaut Drew Morgan, Russian cosmonaut Aleksandr Skvortsov and ESA astronaut Luca Parmitano in the tailor-made Sokol spacesuits they will wear in the Soyuz spacecraft while travelling to and from the International Space Station. These suits are is intended to provide life support and protection in case of a sudden loss of pressure inside the spacecraft.

Credits: ESA/NASA/Roscosmos

NASA Astronaut Office Chief Chris Cassidy, foreground, and NASA Director of Operations at Star City Dan Burbank, take notes as Members of the Russian Search and Recovery Forces conduct a briefing Monday, Feb. 29, 2016 in Karaganda, Kazakhstan on their readiness for the landing of Expedition 46 Commander Scott Kelly of NASA and Russian cosmonauts Mikhail Kornienko and Sergey Volkov of Roscosmos who are scheduled to land March 2 in their Soyuz TMA-18M spacecraft near Zhezkazgan, Kazakhstan. Kelly and Kornienko are completing an International Space Station record year-long mission to collect valuable data on the effect of long duration weightlessness on the human body that will be used to formulate a human mission to Mars. Volkov is returning after six months on the station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

An Orthodox priest blesses the Soyuz rocket at the Baikonur Cosmodrome launch pad on Saturday Nov. 22, 2014, in Kazakhstan. Launch of the Soyuz rocket is scheduled for Nov. 24 and will carry Expedition 42 Soyuz Commander Anton Shkaplerov of the Russian Federal Space Agency (Roscosmos), Flight Engineer Terry Virts of NASA , and Flight Engineer Samantha Cristoforetti of the European Space Agency into orbit to begin their five and a half month mission on the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

The gantry arms are raised around the Soyuz rocket after it was rolled out to the Site 31 launch pad of the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan, Saturday, July 11, 2026. Expedition 75 crewmembers: NASA astronaut Anil Menon, Roscosmos cosmonauts Pyotr Dubrov and Anna Kikina are scheduled to launch aboard their Soyuz MS-29 spacecraft on July 14. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

A Soyuz rocket launches to the International Space Station with Expedition 73 crew members: NASA astronaut Jonny Kim, and Roscosmos cosmonauts Sergey Ryzhikov and Alexey Zubritskiy, onboard, Tuesday, April 8, 2025, at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)

The Soyuz MS-05 rocket is launched with Expedition 52 flight engineer Sergei Ryazanskiy of Roscosmos, flight engineer Randy Bresnik of NASA, and flight engineer Paolo Nespoli of ESA (European Space Agency), Friday, July 28, 2017 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Ryazanskiy, Bresnik, and Nespoli will spend the next four and a half months living and working aboard the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)

An Orthodox Priest blesses members of the media at the Baikonur Cosmodrome launch pad, Tuesday, March 20, 2018 in Baikonur, Kazakhstan. Expedition 55 Soyuz Commander Oleg Artemyev of Roscosmos, Ricky Arnold and Drew Feustel of NASA are scheduled to launch to the International Space Station aboard the Soyuz MS-08 spacecraft on Wednesday, March, 21. Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)

nhq201806060003 (June 6, 2018) --- Expedition 56 flight engineer Serena Auñón-Chancellor of NASA, left, Soyuz Commander Sergey Prokopyev of Roscosmos, center, and flight engineer Alexander Gerst of ESA (European Space Agency), right, wave farewell to family and friends as they depart the Cosmonaut Hotel to suit-up for their Soyuz launch to the International Space Station, Wednesday, June 6, 2018 in Baikonur, Kazakhstan. Launch of the Soyuz MS-09 is scheduled for 7:12am Eastern Time (5:12pm Baikonur time) on June 6 and will send Prokopyev, Gerst, and Auñón-Chancellor on a six month mission aboard the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)

Russian Orthodox Bishop Ignatii blesses the Soyuz rocket, Tuesday, Sept. 20, 2022, at the Baikonur Cosmodrome launch pad in Kazakhstan. Expedition 68 astronaut Frank Rubio of NASA, and cosmonauts Sergey Prokopyev and Dmitri Petelin of Roscosmos are scheduled to launch aboard their Soyuz MS-22 spacecraft on Sept. 21. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls}

iss063e041647 (July 9, 2020) --- Roscosmos Flight Engineer Anatoly Ivanishin practices a simulated emergency evacuation of the International Space Station on a computer inside the Zvezda service module. Ivanishin spent the afternoon reviewing procedures for quickly entering the Soyuz MS-16 crew ship for a rapid undocking and Earth re-entry with crewmates Ivan Vagner of Roscosmos and Chris Cassidy of NASA (both out of frame).

201503120101hq (03/12/2015) --- The Soyuz TMA-14M spacecraft is seen as it lands with Expedition 42 commander Barry Wilmore of NASA, Alexander Samokutyaev of the Russian Federal Space Agency (Roscosmos) and Elena Serova of Roscosmos near the town of Zhezkazgan, Kazakhstan on Thursday, Mar. 12, 2015. NASA Astronaut Wilmore, Russian Cosmonauts Samokutyaev and Serova are returning after almost six months onboard the International Space Station where they served as members of the Expedition 41 and 42 crews. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

The Soyuz TMA-19M rocket is launched with Expedition 46 Soyuz Commander Yuri Malenchenko of the Russian Federal Space Agency (Roscosmos), Flight Engineer Tim Kopra of NASA, and Flight Engineer Tim Peake of ESA (European Space Agency), Tuesday, Dec. 15, 2015 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Malenchenko, Kopra, and Peake will spend the next six-months living and working aboard the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)

nhq201611140029 (Nov. 14, 2016) --- The Soyuz rocket is rolled out by train to the launch pad at the Baikonur Cosmodrome, Kazakhstan, Monday, Nov. 14, 2016. NASA astronaut Peggy Whitson, Russian cosmonaut Oleg Novitskiy of Roscosmos, and ESA astronaut Thomas Pesquet will launch from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan the morning of November 18 (Kazakh time.) All three will spend approximately six months on the orbital complex. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

The Soyuz rocket and Soyuz MS-02 spacecraft are assembled on Friday, Oct. 14, 2016 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Expedition 49 flight engineer Shane Kimbrough of NASA, Soyuz commander Sergey Ryzhikov of Roscosmos, and flight engineer Andrey Borisenko of Roscosmos are scheduled to launch from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan on Oct. 19. Photo Credit: (NASA/Victor Zelentsov)

The Soyuz MS-05 rocket is launched with Expedition 52 flight engineer Sergei Ryazanskiy of Roscosmos, flight engineer Randy Bresnik of NASA, and flight engineer Paolo Nespoli of ESA (European Space Agency), Friday, July 28, 2017 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Ryazanskiy, Bresnik, and Nespoli will spend the next four and a half months living and working aboard the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)

The Soyuz rocket is rolled out by train to the site 31 launch pad, Sunday, Sept. 18, 2022, at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Expedition 68 astronaut Frank Rubio of NASA, and cosmonauts Sergey Prokopyev and Dmitri Petelin of Roscosmos are scheduled to launch aboard their Soyuz MS-22 spacecraft on Sept. 21. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

Expedition 56 Commander Drew Feustel of NASA is carried to a medical tent shortly after he, Expedition 56 Flight Engineer Ricky Arnold of NASA, and Expedition 56 Flight Engineer and Soyuz Commander Oleg Artemyev of Roscosmos landed in their Soyuz MS-08 spacecraft near the town of Zhezkazgan, Kazakhstan on Thursday, Oct. 4, 2018. Feustel, Arnold, and Artemyev are returning after 197 days in space where they served as members of the Expedition 55 and 56 crews onboard the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

The Soyuz rocket and Soyuz TMA-20M spacecraft is assembled Tuesday, March 15, 2016 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Launch of the Soyuz TMA-20M spacecraft is scheduled for March 19 and will send Expedition 47 Soyuz Commander Alexey Ovchinin of Roscosmos, Flight Engineer Jeff Williams of NASA, and Flight Engineer Oleg Skripochka of Roscosmos to the International Space Station for a five and a half month stay. Photo Credit: (NASA/Victor Zelentsov)

nhq202009220002 (Sept. 22, 2020) --- Expedition 64 backup crew member Oleg Novitskiy of Roscosmos, arrives for Soyuz qualification exams Tuesday, Sept. 22, 2020 at the Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center (GCTC) in Star City, Russia. Photo Credit: (NASA/GCTC/Andrey Shelepin)

The Soyuz MS-08 rocket is launched with Expedition 55 Soyuz Commander Oleg Artemyev of Roscosmos and flight engineers Ricky Arnold and Drew Feustel of NASA, Wednesday, March 21, 2018 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Artemyev, Arnold, and Feustel will spend the next five months living and working aboard the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)

Expedition 47 astronaut Tim Kopra of NASA is helped from the helicopter that brought him to the Karaganda Airport from the Soyuz TMA-19M landing zone Saturday, June 18, 2016. Kopra, Tim Peake of the European Space Agency, and Yuri Malenchenko of Roscosmos returned after six months in space where they served as members of the Expedition 46 and 47 crews onboard the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

nhq201611140042 (Nov. 14, 2016) --- The Soyuz rocket is seen after being rolled out by train to the launch pad at the Baikonur Cosmodrome, Kazakhstan, Monday, Nov. 14, 2016. NASA astronaut Peggy Whitson, Russian cosmonaut Oleg Novitskiy of Roscosmos, and ESA astronaut Thomas Pesquet will launch from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan the morning of November 18 (Kazakh time.) All three will spend approximately six months on the orbital complex. Photo Credit: (NASA/Victor Zelentsov)

Zeb Scoville, NASA's deputy chief flight director, monitors the launch of a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket carrying the company's Dragon spacecraft on the Crew-6 mission with NASA astronauts Stephen Bowen and Warren "Woody" Hoburg, UAE (United Arab Emirates) astronaut Sultan Alneyadi, and Roscosmos cosmonaut Andrey Fedyaev onboard, Thursday, March 2, 2023, in firing room four of the Rocco A. Petrone Launch Control Center at NASA’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida. NASA’s SpaceX Crew-6 mission is the sixth crew rotation mission of the SpaceX Dragon spacecraft and Falcon 9 rocket to the International Space Station as part of the agency’s Commercial Crew Program. Bowen, Hoburg, Alneyadi, and Fedyaev launched at 12:34 a.m. EST, from Launch Complex 39A at the Kennedy Space Center. Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)

The Soyuz MS-07 spacecraft is seen on the launch pad, Sunday, Dec. 17, 2017 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Launch of the Soyuz rocket occurred at 2:21 a.m. Eastern Time (1:21 p.m. Baikonur time) on December 17 and sent Expedition 54 Soyuz Commander Anton Shkaplerov of Roscosmos, flight engineer Scott Tingle of NASA, and flight engineer Norishige Kanai of the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) on a five month mission aboard the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)

Expedition 59 backup crewmembers Drew Morgan of NASA, left, Alexander Skvortsov of Roscosmos, center, and Luca Parmitano of the European Space Agency pose for a photograph as the Soyuz rocket arrives at the launch pad, Tuesday, March 12, 2019 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Expedition 59 crewmembers Nick Hague and Christina Koch of NASA, along with Alexey Ovchinin of Roscosmos, will launch March 14, U.S. time, on the Soyuz MS-12 spacecraft from the Baikonur Cosmodrome for a six-and-a-half month mission on the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

The Soyuz rocket is seen shortly after having been rolled out to launch pad at Site 31, Monday, March 18, 2024, at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Expedition 71 NASA astronaut Tracy Dyson, Roscosmos cosmonaut Oleg Novitskiy, and Belarus spaceflight participant Marina Vasilevskaya are scheduled to launch aboard their Soyuz MS-25 spacecraft on March 21. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

Expedition 64 crewmembers Sergey Kud-Sverchkov of Roscosmos, Sergey Ryzhikov of Roscosmos, and Kate Rubins of NASA pose for a group photograph with Roscosmos Director General Dmitry Rogozin, mission management, and the backup crew at the launch pad, Wednesday, Oct. 14, 2020, at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Kud-Sverchkov, Ryzhikov, and Rubins launched at 1:45 a.m. EDT to begin six-month mission onboard the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/GCTC/Andrey Shelepin)

A SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket with the company's Dragon spacecraft on top is seen illuminated by spotlights on the launch pad at Launch Complex 39A as preparations continue for the Crew-6 mission, Sunday, Feb. 26, 2023, at NASA’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida. NASA’s SpaceX Crew-6 mission is the sixth crew rotation mission of the SpaceX Crew Dragon spacecraft and Falcon 9 rocket to the International Space Station as part of the agency’s Commercial Crew Program. NASA astronauts Stephen Bowen and Warren "Woody" Hoburg, UAE (United Arab Emirates) astronaut Sultan Alneyadi, and Roscosmos cosmonaut Andrey Fedyaev are scheduled to launch at 1:45 a.m. EST on Feb. 27, from Launch Complex 39A at the Kennedy Space Center. Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)

NASA astronaut Kate Rubins prepares to have her Russian sokol suit pressure checked ahead of launching onboard the Soyuz MS-01 spacecraft with Russian cosmonaut Anatoly Ivanishin of Roscosmos, and Japanese astronaut Takuya Onishi of the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Thursday, July 7, 2016 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Rubins, Ivanishin, and Onishi launched from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan the morning of July 7, Kazakh time (July 6 Eastern time.) All three will spend approximately four months on the orbital complex, returning to Earth in October. Photo Credit: (NASA/GCTC/Andrey Shelepin)

The Soyuz rocket is rolled out by train to the launch pad, Monday, Sept. 23, 2019 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Expedition 61 crewmembers Jessica Meir of NASA and Oleg Skripochka of Roscosmos, and spaceflight participant Hazzaa Ali Almansoori of the United Arab Emirates will launch September 25th on the Soyuz MS-15 spacecraft from the Baikonur Cosmodrome to the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)