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Roma Church (Swedish: Roma kyrka) is a medieval Lutheran church in Lövsta, Gotland (Sweden), in the Diocese of Visby.
The presently visible church was preceded by a considerably smaller, Romanesque church. Some fragments from this church have been re-used and incorporated in the façade of the later church. The still extant sacristy is also a remnant of this earlier church.
The earlier church was torn down and successively replaced with one more Gothic in style during the 13th century. It was built between 1215 and 1255; dendrochronological examinations have shown that the latest additions were made in 1280. The nave and choir seem to have been erected during a single period of construction, possibly with the exception for the westernmost part of the nave, which is slightly different in style. A tower was evidently planned for the church but never executed. Influences for the somewhat unusual architecture may have come from nearby Roma Abbey and thus the traditions of Cistercian architecture. The church has remained largely unaltered since the Middle Ages. The large western rose window was however added in the 1880s and the church underwent a renovation in 1902.
The church seems to have had a special function. It was built close to the location of the thing of all of Gotland, and not far from a Cistercian monastery, Roma Abbey. Unlike a regular church, it had five entrances (instead of three) and its architecture differs from other churches on Gotland. The likeness of the church with that of the Dominicans in Visby (now ruined) is noticeable. There is therefore reason to believe that the church may have been used by the Dominicans, possibly to preach for crusades against non-Christians in what is today the Baltic states.
Source: Wikipedia
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Roma kyrka är en kyrkobyggnad som tillhör Roma församling i Visby stift.
Den medeltida kalkstenskyrkan i Roma kyrkby består av ett treskeppigt långhus med ett smalare rakt avslutat kor i öster samt sakristia på nordsidan. Sakristian, som är äldst, byggdes ursprungligen till ett absidkor från 1100-talets senare hälft (absidstenar återfinns i nuvarande kyrkans murverk). Vid en senare byggnadsperiod (troligen på 1200-talet) uppfördes kor och långhus (tre travéer); avvikelser i valvform och fönsterutformning tyder på att de två västligaste travéerna tillkom något senare. Utifrån sett är kyrkan en basilika med låg klerestorievåning. En takryttare, åttkantig tornspira med klockvåning under skärmtak, kröner västgaveln. Koret täcks av ett lägre sadeltak och sakristian har pulpettak. En igenmurad tornbåge i västmuren vittnar om ett planerat men ej utfört västtorn. Av kyrkans fem portaler (fyra långhusportaler och en korportal) har långhusets nord- respektive sydportal rikast utformning. En stenfigur på östra korgaveln (vattenkastare) tros härröra från den äldre kyrkan. Västgavelns rundfönster med masverk av huggen kalksten är från 1880-talet. Kyrkorummet är av hallkyrkomodell där mittskeppets kryssvalv är något högre än sidoskeppens. Långhuset har nio kryssvalv som bärs upp av fyra tunga pelare. Koret, som också är kryssvälvt, lyses upp av östväggens trefönstergrupp och av ett sydfönster. I norra kormuren finns en nisch med snidad omfattning av trä, ett sakramentsskåp från 1200-talet. Kyrkans nygotiska inredning härstammar från en restaurering 1902.
Källa: Wikipedia
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Roma, novembre 2016 - Nikon FM2 / NIkkor 50 mm f1.8 / Fomapan 400 / NoPhotoshop.
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Decorated floor tiles in the Great Synagogue of Rome (Tempio Maggiore di Roma) at Lungotevere Cenci. The building was completed in 1904.
Roma Sunset. Roma, Queensland, Australia, September 2000. Contax 139 Quartz, Carl Zeiss Planar 1.7/50, Kodak film. © All Rights Reserved. This image may not be copied, reproduced, distributed, republished, downloaded, displayed, posted, or transmitted in any form or by any means, including electronic, mechanical, photocopying, and recording without my written consent.
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Da qualche parte lì sotto dove tutto è buio hanno ucciso Cesare
Somewhere in the dark, 2054 years ago Julius Caesar was killed
FORO ROMANO - Rome - Italy
Gaius Julius Caesar (13 July 100 BC – 15 March 44 BC) was a Roman military and political leader. He played a critical role in the transformation of the Roman Republic into the Roman Empire.
As a politician, Caesar made use of popularist tactics. During the late 60s and into the 50s BC, he formed political alliances that led to the so-called "First Triumvirate," an extra-legal arrangement with Marcus Licinius Crassus and Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus that was to dominate Roman politics for several years. Their factional attempts to amass power for themselves were opposed within the Roman Senate by the optimates, among them Marcus Porcius Cato and Marcus Calpurnius Bibulus, with the sometime support of Marcus Tullius Cicero. Caesar's conquest of Gaul extended the Roman world to the North Sea, and in 55 BC he also conducted the first Roman invasion of Britain. These achievements granted him unmatched military power and threatened to eclipse Pompey's, while the death of Crassus contributed to increasing political tensions between the two triumviral survivors. Political realignments in Rome finally led to a stand-off between Caesar and Pompey, the latter having taken up the cause of the Senate. With the order that sent his legions across the Rubicon, Caesar began a civil war in 49 BC from which he emerged as the unrivaled leader of the Roman world.
After assuming control of government, he began extensive reforms of Roman society and government. He centralised the bureaucracy of the Republic and was eventually proclaimed "dictator in perpetuity" (dictator perpetuo). A group of senators, led by Marcus Junius Brutus, assassinated the dictator on the Ides of March (15 March) 44 BC, hoping to restore the normal running of the Republic. However, the result was another Roman civil war, which ultimately led to the establishment of a permanent autocracy by Caesar's adopted heir, Gaius Octavianus.