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Table and Chamrbourcin wine grapes are grown at Southwest Research Center near Mt. Vernon, Mo.
Southwest Research Center near Mt. Vernon was established in 1959 and represents various soil types in this region. Serving 22 counties, it addresses the main agricultural concerns of area industries including dairy, beef, forage and horticultural crop production. Currently, beef genetics, nutrition and management systems are researched, as is a pasture-based dairy operation project. Horticultural and alternative crop demonstration and research are ongoing, including studies on elderberry and grape cultivation.
Images by Kyle Spradley | © MU College of Agriculture, Food & Natural Resources
I hardly ever study the churches I am about to visit. Rather, rely on my first impressions, and how the multitude of elements hang together.
This does mean, sometimes, I have missed obvious details. But for the most part, I notice what is unusual at the time.
And then upon returning home, I research the building and the history of the parish, and my main two resources are posted below.
Also, churchcrawling can be a lonely hobby, spending hours and hours pouring over details with hardly anyone to share it with. Sometimes, on a Saturday morning, we weekly church clean is in progress, and one or two wardens might ask you questions.Even fewer of them might be interested.
So, in Wormshill, talking to the ringers, I was told that there was a coffee morning on at Frinsted, and a warden might be present.
This was after I lamented that the church was locked again.
So, drive back the two miles and call in the village hall. And ask about the key.
So, this is what we did.
This resulted in a lady taking me back to her house to meet her husband, Malcolm.
Can I see inside the church?
Why do you want to do that?
I explain the Kent church project.
Are you interested in the building or fittings?
And thinking that this was because of thefts, I said if needed I would not snap the fittings if needed.
But Malcolm backtracked. Oh no, you can photograph what you want to.
Meet me at the porch in ten minutes.
So, we did.
The church was dark inside, and Malcolm told us about his church. Very proud he was too.
And it became clear why.
The chancel and north chapel were decorated.
Decorated in the English Gothic Revival, by Hussey and then, later, Scott. These have been recently renovated, using the original stencils.
It was incredible. Like The Grange transported to the countryside. I think Pugin would have liked it.
Sadly, in the north chapel, a plaster panel had dropped off, so the pews were covered and access restricted, but Malcolm unlocked the door and let us in.
I walked round with a huge smile on my face, waxing lyrical about the church, and Malcolm enjoyed telling us the story of his church.
Without doubt, the best church visit this, or any other year.
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Not for those wishing to find a medieval church, although there is evidence of an old building here in the form of a Norman window and crownpost roof. It is of interest that the nineteenth-century work carried out first by Hussey (1856) and then by Scott (1870) for the Pemberton Leigh family is in complete contrast to the work commissioned at nearby Kingsdown by the family at the same time (see separate entry). The second phase of work included the wonderful stencilling of the church, recently restored to the designs of G.G. Scott Jr. The majority of the furnishings are also Victorian and show the quality that only a fortune could buy in post-industrialised England
www.kentchurches.info/church.asp?p=Frinsted
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FRINSTED
LIES the next parish north westward from Wichling. It is written in Domesday, Fredenestede; in antient deeds, Freyhanestede; and in later ones, most usually, Frensted, alias Wronsted.
That part of this parish northward of the church is in the division of East Kent, but the church itself, and the remaining part of it is in that of West Kent.
THE PARISH extends on both sides of the valley, called Syndall, or Newnham-bottom, through which the high road leads from Ospringe, through Doddington and Newnham, to Hollingborne hill, on each side of which the hills rise very steep, the summits of them being in general covered with wood grounds. On the east side of this valley, on the hill close to the woods, is Rinsted-court; and on the hill on the west, Yokes court, and Madams-court; and still further westward, the village and church. The soil of it is poor, and covered with flints, much like that of Wichling, before described; but the rising hills on each side of the valley are mostly chalk.
There is a district in this parish, consisting of about fifty acres of land, called Minis-hill, over which the manor of Whornes-place, near Rochester, claims jurisdiction.
This parish was part of those possessions which William the Conqueror gave his half-brother Odo, bishop of Baieux, under the general title of whose lands it is thus entered in the book of Domesday, taken about the year 1080:
Hugh, the grandson of Herbert, and Adelold the chamberlain, holds of the bishop (of Baieux) Fredenestede. It was taxed at one suling. The arable land is three carucates. In demesne . . . . Three villeins having seven oxen. There is a church, and two acres of meadow and an half, and wood for the pannage of two hogs. It is, and was worth, separately, twenty shillings. Leunin held it of king Edward.
About four years after taking the above survey, the bishop was disgraced, and the king his brother seized on this estate, among the rest of his possessions, which were all consiscated to the crown. After which, this manor came into the possession of Jeffry de Peverel, and with other lands, made up the barony of Peverel, as it was then called, being assigned to him for the desence of Dover-castle, of which it was held by him in capite by barony.
Nicholas de Gerund afterwards held this manor, with the advowson of the church, of which he died possessed in the 52d year of Henry III. holding it of the king in capite, as one knight's see. After which, the family of Crombwell became possessed of it; one of whom, Richard de Crombwell, was owner of it in the 8th year of Edward II. being younger brother of Sir John de Crombwell, knight-banneret. Ralph de Crombwell, his successor, next year, obtained a charter of free warren for his lands in this parish, and at his seat here, since called Meriam-court, and now commonly, Madams-court.
In the next reign of king Edward III. this estate was again come into the possession of the family of Gerund, in which, however, it did not remain long, for Richard le Gerund leaving an only daughter and heir Maud, she carried this manor and seat in marriage to Sir Henry de Chalshunt, who in the 20th year of that reign, paid aid for the manor of Wrensted, alias Frensted, with its appurtenances, holding it by the like service, as did his descendant Henry de Chalfhunt, at his death, in the 9th year of Richard II. when it was found, that John Bedeford, Roger Tournour, Sibill Jarconville, and Agnes, daughter of Walter at Style, were his heirs and next of kin; at which time it was likewise found, that this manor was held of the manor of Ospringe.
Soon after which, this manor, with the mansionhouse, called Wrensted, and now most usually Rinstedcourt, with Meriam, or Madams-court, and the advowson of the church of Wrensted, was conveyed by sale to Robert le Hadde, who was resident here in the reign of Henry IV. being descended from ancestors who had been resident at Chart Sutton, in this county, for many generations, Rob. Hadde being of that parish in the reign of Henry III. In his descendants this estate continued down to Henry Hadde, esq. of Frinsted, who died possessed of this manor, with the advowson of the church, and the other estates above-mentioned, in the 23d year of queen Elizabeth, leaving two sons, Arnold and Matthew, who was counsellor-at-law, of Lincoln's-inn, of which he was rector, the former of whom succeeded him here, and two years afterwards, anno 25 Elizabeth, alienated this manor, with its appurtenances, together with the rest of his estates in this parish, to Edward and George Hills. Arnold Hadde, esq. after the sale of this estate, resided in St. Alphage parish, in Canterbury, as his descendants did for several generations afterwards, till the end of the last century, and several of them lie buried in that church. They bore for their arms, Gules, three bucks heads caboshed, or, borned argent, between the borns of each a cross patee fitchee, argent. (fn. 1)
Edward and George Hills joined in the sale of the manor of Frinsted, with Rinsted, alias Wrensted-court, and the lands belonging to it, to Edward Jackman, esq. of Hornchurch, in Essex, and he, in the 5th year of James I. passed it away to Oliver Style, esq. of Watringbury, who died in 1622. Upon the death of whose descendant, Sir Thomas Style, bart. who died in 1702, an agreement was entered into by his heirs for a partition of his estates among them, which was confirmed by an act, passed anno 2 and 3 of queen Anne. In this partition, the manor of Frinsted, with Rinstedcourt, was allotted to Margaret, his only daughter by his second wife, who in 1716 sold it to Mr. Abraham Tilghman, descended from those of Snodland. He was a commissioner of the navy, and of the victuallingoffice, and dying in 1729, was buried in the south isle of this church, where there is a monument erected to his memory. He bore for his arms, Per fess, sable, and argent, a lion rampant, counterchanged, crowned, or. He was succeeded here by his son Abraham Tilghman, esq. who resided here till his death in 1779. He left by Olivia his wife, one of the two daughters and coheirs of Charles Finch, esq. of Chatham, one daughter Elizabeth, who married the Rev. Pierrepont Crompe, of Newnham, in Gloucestershire, son and heir of Thomas Cromp, esq. of Newnham, in that county, by Rebecca, the other daughter and coheir of Charles Finch, esq. He bore for his arms, Or, a chevron, voided gules, on a chief of the second, three escallops of the first. He afterwards resided here, and died in 1797, leaving his widow surviving, who now resides here, and one son Robert-Thomas, and a daughter, Henrietta Maria, the former of whom is now entitled to the see of this estate.
MADAMS-COURT, formerly called Meriams-court, as has been already mentioned, passed from Arnold Hadde in the 25th year of queen Elizabeth, with the rest of his estates in this parish, to Edward and George Hills, and they joined in the sale of Meriam, or Madams-court, to Archer, from which name it passed, in the reign of Charles I. to Thatcher, by a female heir of which family it passed in marriage to Batcheler, some of whose descendants lie buried in this church, one of whom, Mr. William Batcheler, at length alienated it to James Chapman, gent. of Milton, whose son Ed ward Chapman, esq. of Otterden, died in 1765, leaving by his wife, daughter of the Rev. Mr. Dennis, of Leyborne, one son, James Chapman, esq. now of Faversham, who is the present owner of it.
YOKES-COURT is a manor in this parish, which in the reign of Henry III. was part of the possessions of Fulk de Peyforer, whose descendant William de Peyforer, in the 20th year of Edward III. paid aid for it as half a knight's fee, which he then held at le Yoke, in this parish, of the honor of Ledes.
He soon afterwards alienated this manor to Roger Northwood, who died in the 35th year of that reign possessed of this manor of Yoke, held of the king in capite, by the service of making his suit at the gate of the castle of Leeds, from month to month, in lieu of all other service whatsoever. His descendant, John Northwood, esq. died possessed of it anno 4 Henry V. leaving his two sisters his coheirs, who entitled their husbands, John Barley, esq. of Hertfordshire, and Sir John Norton, of this county, to their respective shares of their brother's estates.
From one of them this manor was alienated to John Dyggs, esq. of Barham, whose descendant James Dyggs, esq. of Barham, died in the 27th year of Henry VIII. then holding this manor in capite by knight's service. He left two sons, John, who was of Barham, and Leonard, whose descendants were of Chilham-castle. His son John Dyggs, the eldest, succeeded him in this manor, and died in his life-time, leaving a son William, whose son Christopher Diggs, esq. of Barham, having levied fines of all his lands anno 15 and 17 Elizabeth, quickly afterwards alienated this manor to Archer, from which name, in the reign of Charles I. it passed by sale to Thatcher, of which name there were inhabitants of the adjoining parish of Wormsell, as appears by the parish register there, as early as king Henry the VIIIth's reign. These of Frinsted bore for their arms, Gules, a cross moline, argent, on a chief, or, three grasshoppers proper. In the name of Thatcher this manor continued, till by a female heir Mary, daughter of Thomas Thatcher, it went in marriage to Mr. Henry Bing, of Wickhambreux, on whose death, his son Mr. John Bing, became possessed of it. He died in 1766, and was buried in the north chancel of this church, leaving one son Henry, and two daughters; Mr. Henry Bing, the son, succeeded his father in the possession of this manor, of which he is the present owner. A court baron is held for it.
Charities.
JOHN WIATT, of Milsted, by will in 1722, gave the moiety of several pieces of land in Milsted, Frinsted, and Wormsell, containing about twenty acres, for sending four poor children yearly to school, to learn to read, vested in the minister and churchwardens, and of the annual value of 2l. 4s.
The number of poor constantly relieved are about sixteen; casually twelve.
FRINSTED is, within the ECCLESIASTICAL JURISDICTION of the diocese of Canterbury, and deanry of Sutton.
The church, which is dedicated to St. Dunstan, is situated westward from the village, but in the northern part of the parish; it consists of two isles and two chancels, the northern one belonging to the estate of Yokes-court, in it are several memorials for the Thatchers and the Bings. In the south isle is a monument for Abraham Tilghman, esq. who died in 1729. Against the north wall in this chancel, in a recess, is an antient tomb, with an engrailed arch over it. It has a square beacon tower at the west end of it, in which hang four bells. In the church yard is an altar tomb; under it, in a vault, lie buried A. Tilghman, esq. who died in 1779, and Olivia his wife; and the Rev. Mr. Crompe, and Henrietta-Maria, his daughter.
¶This church was formerly appendant to the manor of Frinsted, as has already been mentioned, and seems to have passed with it from Arnold Hadde, esq. toge ther with the rest of his estates in this parish, to Edward and George Hills, who alienated the manor of Frinsted, with Rinsted-court, to Edward Jackman, esq. and Meriam-court, or Madams-court, as it is now called, together with the advowson of the rectory of Frinsted, to Archer, from which name it passed with it, to Thatcher, in whose descendants it continued till Mary, daughter of Thomas Thatcher, carried it in marriage to Mr. Henry Bing, whose descendant, Mr. Henry Bing, gent. of this parish, is the present possessor of it.
In Strype's Stow's Survey, it is said, that in the reign of Edward III. the church of Frethensted, in the diocese of Canterbury, belonged to St. Catherine's hospital, near the Tower; and Tanner in his Monasticon, says, in patent 3 Edward III. p. 2, m. 2, is a licence for appropriating that church to the above-mentioned hospital, which cannot be reconciled to the records above-quoted, in which the advowson of the church of Frinsted is found to have been vested in the several owners of the manor of Frinsted.
This rectory is valued in the king's books at 9l. 11s. 8d. and the yearly tenths at 19s. 2d. and is of the yearly certified value of 71l. 7s. 4d.
In 1640 it was valued at sixty pounds. Communicants fifty.
Flamborough Head Lighthouse is an active lighthouse located at Flamborough, East Riding of Yorkshire. England. Flamborough Head Lighthouse acts as a waypoint for passing deep sea vessels and coastal traffic, and marks Flamborough Head for vessels heading towards Scarborough and Bridlington.
The first lighthouse, built by Sir John Clayton, was completed in 1674 and is one of the oldest surviving complete lighthouses in England. Built from chalk, it was never lit. This is now a Grade II* listed building.
The present lighthouse, designed by Samuel Wyatt and costing £8,000 to build, was first lit on 1 December 1806. It had a distinctive light characteristic of two white flashes followed by a red flash. This was provided by the lighting apparatus, which was designed by optics specialist George Robinson, who was also Chief Inspector of Lighthouses at Trinity House. It consisted of a revolving vertical shaft with a three-sided frame on which were mounted 21 argand lamps, 7 on each side, with parabolic reflectors. On one of the three sides the reflectors were covered with red glass: this was the first use of red glass in a lighthouse and represented the first use of the colour as part of a light characteristic;[4] the idea was soon taken up elsewhere. According to a description of the lighthouse written in 1818, the red light was used to distinguish Flamborough's lighthouse from the one at Cromer. A Victorian pilot book used the mnemonic: 'Two whites to one red / Indicates Flambro' Head'.
In 1872, a new paraffin lamp was installed to the design of James Douglass. Flamborough was the first Trinity House lighthouse to use paraffin, which had only lately been introduced as a lighthouse illuminant; afterwards, the Corporation upgraded all its oil burners to paraffin.
Along with the new lamp, a new first-order dioptric optic was installed, by Chance Brothers of Smethwick, The revolving optic was designed to maintain the lighthouse's characteristic of two white flashes followed by one red flash; the speed of revolution was changed, however, from a flash every two minutes to a flash every 30 seconds. Driven by clockwork, the optic was described at the time as 'a circular frame of six faces, composed of great glass prisms, [...] the third and sixth faces having sheets of ruby glass before them to give the red effect to the light'. These red-flashing lenses were made more than double the width of the clear white-flashing panels, to compensate for the reduced intensity caused by the ruby filters; with a width in azimuth of 69.5°, they were at the time the widest lens panels yet constructed. The alterations cost £7,000 and provided a range of 21 nautical miles (39 km; 24 mi). In 1907 the speed of rotation was increased, so as to give a flash every fifteen seconds.
In 1925 the lantern was made taller, to accommodate a new 15-foot lens. The lens is a large (first-order) revolving catadioptric optic made up of four asymmetrical panels; it displays four white flashes every fifteen seconds. (After the new lens was installed, the old apparatus was transferred to the Bahamas to be used as part of a programme of improvements to the lighthouses there.) The light was converted from oil to electricity in 1940.
Following automation, the last lighthouse keepers left on 8 May 1996. The light remains in use. East Riding of Yorkshire Council, under licence from Trinity House, operate tours of the lighthouse seasonally. It is now a Grade II listed building.
In 2022 the lighthouse was once again modernised: the revolving Fresnel optic was removed; it and the emergency light have been replaced by a pair of static LED lanterns. As part of the modernisation programme the visible range of the light was reduced from 24 nautical miles (44 km; 28 mi) to 18 nmi (33 km; 21 mi).
In 1859 a fog signal station was built (at some distance from the lighthouse, close to the cliff edge). Initially an 18-pound gun was used as the fog signal, sounded once every fifteen minutes. A cottage was built within the compound as accommodation for the gunners. In 1878, explosive rockets replaced the cannon, discharged every 10 minutes in foggy weather (every five minutes from 1896) and reaching an altitude of 600 feet (180 m).
In 1908 an engine house was built next to the cottage and a fog siren replaced the rockets; it sounded one long and one short blast, every 90 seconds, through a pair of Rayleigh trumpets mounted on the engine room roof. Compressed air for the siren was provided by a pair of 22 hp Hornsby oil engines linked to a single-cylinder Hornsby compressor.
In 1924 the siren was replaced by a pair of diaphones, mounted in a metal turret on top of a porch added to the front of the engine house. This was itself superseded by an electric fog signal in 1975. In 2022 the signal was altered from two blasts to one long blast, every 90 seconds.
The fog signal compound remains in Trinity House ownership; along with the modern fog signal apparatus, it has since 1998 accommodated a Differential Global Positioning System (DGPS) signal station.
Flamborough Head is a promontory, 8 miles (13 km) long on the Yorkshire coast of England, between the Filey and Bridlington bays of the North Sea. It is a chalk headland, with sheer white cliffs. The cliff top has two standing lighthouse towers, the oldest dating from 1669 and Flamborough Head Lighthouse built in 1806. The older lighthouse was designated a Grade II* listed building in 1952 and is now recorded in the National Heritage List for England, maintained by Historic England. The cliffs provide nesting sites for many thousands of seabirds, and are of international significance for their geology.
Flamborough Head has been designated a Special Area of Conservation (SAC) by the British Government's Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC). (Special Areas of Conservation are strictly protected sites designated under the European Community Habitats Directive, which requires the establishment of a European network of important high-quality conservation sites to make a significant contribution to conserving the 189 habitat types and 788 species identified in Annexes to this Directive.) Flamborough Outer Headland is an 83 hectares (210 acres) Local Nature Reserve. Yorkshire Wildlife Trust manages the Flamborough Cliffs Nature Reserve, located on the headland.
The cliffs at Flamborough Head are designated a Site of Special Scientific Interest for both geological and biological significance. First designated in 1952, the SSSI area extends from Sewerby round the headland to Reighton Sands. The estimated 200,000 nesting seabirds, including one of only two mainland British gannetries, are the most notable biological feature.
The headland is the only chalk sea cliff in the north. The coastline within the SSSI has strata from the upper Jurassic through to top of the Cretaceous period, and the headland exhibits a complete sequence of Chalk Group North Sea Basin strata, dated from 100 to 70 million years ago. The various chalk deposits are known as the Ferriby, Welton, Burnham and Flamborough Chalk. The dramatic white cliffs contrast with the low coast of Holderness to the south, where the chalk is deeply buried and the glacial boulder clay above erodes very readily. The chalk cliffs have a larger number and a wider range of cave habitats at Flamborough than at any other chalk site in Britain, the largest of which are known to extend for more than 50 metres from their entrance on the coast. There are also stacks, natural arches and blowholes. The site is identified as being of international importance in the Geological Conservation Review.
Seabirds such as northern gannets, kittiwakes and Atlantic puffins breed abundantly on the cliffs. Bempton Cliffs, on the north side of the headland, has an RSPB reserve and visitor centre.
The shooting of seabirds at Flamborough Head was condemned by Professor Alfred Newton in his 1868 speech to the British Association for the Advancement of Science. Local MP Christopher Sykes introduced the Sea Birds Preservation Act 1869, the first Act to protect wild birds in the United Kingdom. Shooting continued, with an 1886 edition of The Cornishman newspaper reporting the enormous flocks of sea birds are affording sport, with the fisherman killing the birds for selling to taxidermists; two boatmen were bagging a hundred birds daily.
Because it projects into the sea, Flamborough Head attracts many migrant birds in autumn, and is a key point for observing passing seabirds. When the wind is in the east, many birders watch for seabirds from below the lighthouse, or later in the autumn comb the hedges and valleys for landbird migrants. Flamborough Head has a bird observatory.
A Franco-American squadron fought the Battle of Flamborough Head with a pair of Royal Navy frigates in the American Revolutionary War on 23 September 1779. In the engagement, USS Bonhomme Richard and Pallas, with USS Alliance, captured HMS Serapis and HM hired armed ship Countess of Scarborough, the best-known incident of Captain John Paul Jones's naval career. The toposcope at the lighthouse commemorates the 180th (1959) anniversary of the battle.
Danes Dyke is a 2-mile (3.2 km) long ditch that runs north to south isolating the seaward 5 square miles (13 km2) of the headland. The dyke and the steep cliffs make the enclosed territory and its two boat launching beaches, North and South Landings, easily defended. Despite its name, the dyke is prehistoric in origin, and Bronze Age arrowheads were found when it was excavated by Pitt-Rivers in 1879. It is a Local Nature Reserve.
On the north side of Flamborough Head lies Thornwick Bay, a bay with a rock beach surrounded by cliffs. The second part of the name Thornwick comes from the Old Norse word vík ('bay') (meaning that the modern name Thornwick Bay is tautologous). At the north side of the bay lies Thornwick Nebb, the final part of which comes from Old Norse neb ('promontory').
A plaque at Thornwick Bay commemorates the 1952 loss of Robert Redhead, the bowman of the Bridlington lifeboat, while attempting to rescue two girls, Joan Ellis and Gillian Fox, from drowning.
Flamborough Head and the village of Flamborough are the setting for the book Bill Takes the Helm by Betty Bowen. In the book an American boy struggles to save his grandmother's house – in which he, his sister and grandmother are living – from destruction by the sea. He is also desperately trying to get used to England after the death of his mother, who requested in her will that he be sent there.
Flamborough Head was featured on the television programme Seven Natural Wonders as one of the wonders of Yorkshire and briefly in the first series of Coast.
Flamborough Head was featured in the finale of series 3 of the ITV drama Scott & Bailey.
North Landing beach was used as a film location for the 2016 re-make of Dad's Army.
During the evening of 23 August 2006, a lightning bolt hit a buttress on the cliffs, sending 100 tonnes of rock into the sea.
The East Riding of Yorkshire, often abbreviated to the East Riding or East Yorkshire, is a ceremonial county in the Yorkshire and the Humber region of England. It borders North Yorkshire to the north and west, South Yorkshire to the south-west, and Lincolnshire to the south across the Humber Estuary. The city of Kingston upon Hull is the largest settlement.
The county has an area of 2,479 km2 (957 sq mi) and a population of 600,259. Kingston upon Hull is by far the largest settlement, with population of 267,014, and is a major port and the county's economic and transport centre. The rest of the county is largely rural, and the next largest towns are the seaside resort of Bridlington (35,369) and the historic town of Beverley (30,351). The county is governed by two unitary authorities, East Riding of Yorkshire Council and Hull City Council. It takes its name from the East Riding, a historic subdivision of Yorkshire.
In the east of the county the low-lying plain of Holderness is enclosed by a crescent of low chalk hills, the Yorkshire Wolds. The Wolds meet the sea at Flamborough Head, a chalk headland, while the Holderness coast to the south is characterised by clay cliffs. The west of the county is part of the Vale of York, the wide plain of the River Ure/Ouse; the south-west is part of the Humberhead Levels.
The East Riding of Yorkshire is a local government district with unitary authority status, and is a ceremonial county of England. It is named after the historic East Riding of Yorkshire which was one of three ridings alongside the North Riding and West Riding, which were constituent parts a Yorkshire ceremonial and administrative county until 1974. From 1974 to 1996 the area of the modern East Riding of Yorkshire constituted the northern part of Humberside.
As a ceremonial county, the East Riding of Yorkshire borders North Yorkshire, South Yorkshire and Lincolnshire, and includes the city of Kingston upon Hull, which is a separate unitary authority. As a district it borders North East Lincolnshire (over the Humber estuary), North Lincolnshire (over the Humber and on land), Hull, Doncaster, Selby, York, Ryedale and Scarborough.
The East Riding originated in antiquity. Unlike most counties in Great Britain, which were divided anciently into hundreds, Yorkshire was divided first into three ridings and then into numerous wapentakes within each riding. The ancient wapentake system is not used in the modern day, though it is an important part of Yorkshire's cultural heritage. Within the East Riding of Yorkshire there were seven wapentakes (including Hull), two of these were further sub-divided into divisions, thus;
1. Ouse and Derwent
2. Buckrose
3. Harthill – Wilton Beacon Division
4. Harthill – Holme Beacon Division
5. Howdenshire
6. Harthill – Hunsley Beacon Division
7. Harthill – Bainton Beacon Division
8. Dickering
9. Holderness – North Division
10. Kingston upon Hull (county corporate)
11. Holderness – Middle Division
12. Holderness – South Division
The separate Lieutenancy for the riding was established after the Restoration, and the ridings each had separate Quarter Sessions.
For statistical purposes in the 19th century an East Riding of Yorkshire registration county was designated, consisting of the entirety of the poor law unions of Beverley, Bridlington, Driffield, Howden, Hull, Patrington, Pocklington, Sculcoates, Skirlaugh and York, thus excluding parts of the historic riding around Norton and Sherburn (which are also excluded from the modern district), but also including the city of York and environs (more usually associated with the West Riding). These poor law unions formed the basis of rural sanitary districts in 1875.
A county council for the East Riding of Yorkshire was set up in 1889, covering an administrative county which did not cover the county borough of Hull, but otherwise had the same boundaries as the historic riding. Apart from Hull the East Riding contained two municipal boroughs, Beverley and Hedon.
Under the Local Government Act 1894 the rest of the administrative county was divided into rural districts and urban districts. The rural districts were based on the rural sanitary districts, with Beverley Rural District, Bridlington Rural District, Driffield Rural District, Howden Rural District, Patrington Rural District, Pocklington Rural District, Riccal Rural District, Sculcoates Rural District and Skirlaugh Rural District being formed as-is.
Several other rural districts were formed by divisions of rural sanitary districts to conform to the administrative county borders : Sherburn Rural District and Norton Rural District came from Scarborough and Malton RSDs respectively (otherwise in North Riding); Riccal Rural District from Selby RSD (otherwise in the West Riding); and Escrick Rural District which was previously part of York RSD (which covered all three ridings). Urban districts were Cottingham, Great Driffield, Filey, Hessle (from 1899), Hornsea, Norton, Pocklington and Withernsea (from 1898).
The East Riding's only large town is Hull, a major port. Hull's population of which rose rapidly in the late 19th century : quadrupling from about 60,000 in 1851 to 240,000 in 1901. Other towns in the riding did not have similar growth and remain small: Bridlington's permanent population remained largely static in the same period, increasing from 6,000 to around 7,000. By 1971 the riding had a population of slightly over 500,000. In comparison, the West Riding (including county boroughs) saw extensive urbanisation and the formation of several conurbations, and had a population of nearly 4,000,000 in 1971, and the North Riding a population of about 700,000. Beverley was once a town of some importance, with St. John's College and Beverley Minster. The college was suppressed along with the monastery in the 16th century (see Dissolution of the Monasteries) and the town entered a decline in relative importance, although gaining a charter of incorporation in 1573, having previously been under the Archbishop of York. Beverley benefited somewhat from the proximity of Hull during the Industrial Revolution, and became the county town for the East Riding administrative county in 1892.
Bridlington obtained municipal borough status in 1899, having become a resort town (as had Hornsea and Withernsea), although not matching the population growth of Scarborough further up the coast in the North Riding.
The county districts underwent a major reorganisation in 1935 :Derwent Rural District formed from most of Escrick RD, Riccal RD and part of Howden RD (which continued in existence)
Holderness Rural District formed from Patrington RD and Skirlaugh RD
Sherburn RD abolished, split between Bridlington RD, Norton RD and part to Filey UD
Sculcoates RD abolished, mostly to Beverley RD
Great Driffield urban district made smaller and renamed Driffield, the rural part going to Nafferton parish in Driffield
Rural District
an urban district of Haltemprice formed to cover the urbanised area west of Hull, from Cottingham and Hessle urban districts, and parts of Sculcoates Rural District (including Haltemprice, West Ella and parts of other parishes)
Pocklington urban district abolished and added to Pocklington RD
Both the administrative county and the historic Lieutenancy were abolished under the Local Government Act 1972, on 1 April 1974, with most of the riding going to form the northern part of Humberside. Some parts became part of North Yorkshire, with the borough of Scarborough taking in Filey UD and part of the Bridlington Rural District, the district of Ryedale taking in Norton and the former Norton Rural District, and the district of Selby taking in the former Derwent Rural District. Humberside also included northern Lincolnshire, and Goole and the former Goole Rural District, which are in the historic West Riding.
The creation of a cross-Humber authority was unpopular, despite the promise of the Humber Bridge (which ultimately opened in 1981), and identification with Yorkshire and the East Riding remained strong (for example, North Wolds District Council change its name to East Yorkshire Borough Council in the early 1980s, with Beverley also taking the name 'East Yorkshire Borough of Beverley'). This culminated with the local government review in the 1990s, which saw Humberside abolished and the northern part form two unitary authorities.
The East Riding district was formed on 1 April 1996 from the former districts of East Yorkshire, Beverley and Holderness, along with the northern part of the Boothferry district, including the Goole area which forms part of the historic West Riding (attaching it to the districts of Selby or Doncaster were proposed but rejected). The ceremonial county, the area in which the Lord Lieutenant of the East Riding of Yorkshire represents the Crown, was re-established the same day, covering Hull as well as the district.
The East Riding has two quite distinctive and contrasting archaeological areas, the Yorkshire Wolds and the Humber Wetlands. The Yorkshire Wolds form an upland arc of chalk hills stretching from Flamborough head on the coast to the Humber Estuary at its southern end. The Humber Wetlands consist of all the land in the Humber basin that lies below 10 metres above sea level which encompasses a large part of Holderness and the valleys of the Rivers Hull and Derwent and the lower part of the River Ouse valley.
The Arctic conditions associated with the last ice age started to improve and the climate gradually became warmer about 10,000 BC. This warming-up process suffered several temporary setbacks as short, cool spells occurred which disrupted the overall momentum. By about 9,000 BC the vegetation had changed from tundra to a closed woodland, of pine and birch.
Evidence from Gransmoor, to the east of Driffield, in Holderness indicates that Late Palaeolithic people were present in East Yorkshire during the climatic transition. In 1992, a small barbed antler harpoon point was found lodged in a preserved log, thought to be either birch or rowan. This find has been dated to around 9,500 BC.
Between 8,300 and 4,000 BC, Mesolithic communities occupied the area. In the GreatWold Valley, at Willow Garth, to the west of Boynton, pollen samples of Mesolithic date, indicate that the forest cover in this area was being altered by man, and that open grasslands were being made to create grazing areas to which animals would be attracted thus making hunting easier.
In the Yorkshire Wolds there are thousands of Iron Age square barrows and hundreds of farmsteads and settlements, droveways, tracks and field systems. There is a profusion of Neolithic, Bronze Age, Iron Age and Romano-British sites extending across the entire Wolds area. Some Mesolithic sites are known on the chalklands of the Yorkshire Wolds, at Craike Hill (Eastburn Warren), Garton Slack, Huggate Dykes, Huggate Wold, and Octon Wold. The Yorkshire Wolds has a wide range of favourable natural resources and so became a major focus for human settlement during the Neolithic period. Two of the most recently excavated earthen long barrows in the region are to be found at Fordon, on Willerby Wold, and at Kilham, both of which have provided radiocarbon dates of around 3,700 BC. An extensive Neolithic ritual complex, the principal elements of which are four large cursus monuments and a henge, is situated near the eastern end of the Great Wold Valley. More than 1,400 Bronze Age round barrows, are known to exist on the Yorkshire Wolds, occurring either in isolation or, more usually, grouped together to form cemeteries. In the Iron Age the distinctive local tradition known as the Arras Culture emerged and was named after the type-site, found near Market Weighton, and excavated in 1815–17. Romano British villa sites are known on the Wolds at Rudston, Harpham, Brantingham, Welton, and Wharram-le-Street. Anglo-Saxon cemeteries are known from East Yorkshire.
The Humber Wetlands Project which took place between 1992 and 2001 identified numerous prehistoric wetland sites in Holderness, the Hull Valley, the Humberhead Levels and the Vale of York. A boat found at North Ferriby, near Kingston upon Hull, has been dated as 2030 BC, which makes it the oldest of its kind in western Europe. New scientific research carried out on the remains shows it is at least 4,000 years old. The boat was one of three discovered by amateur archaeologist Ted Wright on the banks of the Humber. Historians knew that the boats were old, but only now do they know how old. New scientific techniques suggest the boat Mr Wright found in 1963 is 500 years older than everyone thought. That means it date backs more than 4,000 years to the early Bronze Age. The Ferriby site was an ideal point of departure for east/west travel along the Humber or as a crossing-point to the south bank. The Ferriby Boats were a means by which ideas, such as the decorative design of pottery, and goods such as Baltic amber and metals could arrive on the Humber shore. It has also been suggested that it may have been used to carry stones to Stonehenge.
The Battle of Stamford Bridge took place at the village of Stamford Bridge, East Riding of Yorkshire on 25 September 1066. In the battle the majority of the invading Norwegian forces were killed by the forces of King Harold Godwinson of England. It was the final fall of the Vikings in England. A fortnight after the battle, on 14 October 1066, after having marched his forces to the south coast of England, Harold was defeated and killed by Norman forces under William the Conqueror at the Battle of Hastings. This began the Norman Conquest of England.
In Holderness the extensive Lordship was granted by King William I of England to Drogo de la Beuvirere, a Flemish follower. Drogo built a castle at Skipsea before 1087 but he was disgraced and his estates were confiscated by the king. The area was then given to Odo, Count of Champagne, but was taken from him when he rebelled against King William II of England in 1095. It was returned to Odo's son Stephen of Aumale in 1102. Large estates in Holderness were held by the Bishop of Durham and the Archbishop of York. Other large landowners in the area included the abbeys of Meaux and Thornton and the priories of Swine, Nunkeeling and Bridlington. These ecclesiastical estates were confiscated and became crown property when King Henry VIII of England dissolved the monasteries in the 16th century. The Yorkshire Wolds is rich in medieval sites, and is particularly well known for its deserted villages, like those at Wharram Percy and Cottam. Settlement on the Wolds during the medieval period was concentrated on the most suitable agricultural soils. The two major settlement zones are, the Great Wold Valley villages, such as Helperthorpe, Weaverthorpe, Butterwick, Foxholes, Burton Flemming and Rudston, and the east-facing slope of the Wolds including villages such as Carnaby, Haisthorpe, Thornholme, Burton Agnes, and Nafferton, all of which are sited so as to take advantage of a ration of both heavier and lighter agricultural soils.
The Battier Take Charge Foundation is devoted to providing Learning resources for the development and education of underserved youth in Miami.
Processing: this was processed with actions by apples & sisters resources, but I can't remember which one now =(
I decided to start over from scratch with a new account since... well, my old account wasn't really me lately, so before I lost all interest in photography, I decided to give it another go. So this is me, starting over.
Ps: I totally hate my pale legs, but I love this pic.
Career Pathways – Natural Resources-Agriculture-Food
HS Silver
High School Silver medalist team from Donna North High School (Texas). From L to R: Kate Montiel, Abraham Vasquez and Katherine Alejandro.
Maria Alonso began farming in Ontario, California to provide fresh fruits and vegetables for her son who was suffering attention deficit hyperactivity disorder or ADHD. Today Maria serves as Executive Director and co-founder of Huerta del Valley, a four-acre organic, urban community garden and farm.
Maria works with USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service - Redlands District to improve farm operations through hoop houses, a micro-irrigations system, and more. View the interactive story about Maria and her farming operation: arcg.is/1eD0a1
USDA Photo by Lance Cheung
I hardly ever study the churches I am about to visit. Rather, rely on my first impressions, and how the multitude of elements hang together.
This does mean, sometimes, I have missed obvious details. But for the most part, I notice what is unusual at the time.
And then upon returning home, I research the building and the history of the parish, and my main two resources are posted below.
Also, churchcrawling can be a lonely hobby, spending hours and hours pouring over details with hardly anyone to share it with. Sometimes, on a Saturday morning, we weekly church clean is in progress, and one or two wardens might ask you questions.Even fewer of them might be interested.
So, in Wormshill, talking to the ringers, I was told that there was a coffee morning on at Frinsted, and a warden might be present.
This was after I lamented that the church was locked again.
So, drive back the two miles and call in the village hall. And ask about the key.
So, this is what we did.
This resulted in a lady taking me back to her house to meet her husband, Malcolm.
Can I see inside the church?
Why do you want to do that?
I explain the Kent church project.
Are you interested in the building or fittings?
And thinking that this was because of thefts, I said if needed I would not snap the fittings if needed.
But Malcolm backtracked. Oh no, you can photograph what you want to.
Meet me at the porch in ten minutes.
So, we did.
The church was dark inside, and Malcolm told us about his church. Very proud he was too.
And it became clear why.
The chancel and north chapel were decorated.
Decorated in the English Gothic Revival, by Hussey and then, later, Scott. These have been recently renovated, using the original stencils.
It was incredible. Like The Grange transported to the countryside. I think Pugin would have liked it.
Sadly, in the north chapel, a plaster panel had dropped off, so the pews were covered and access restricted, but Malcolm unlocked the door and let us in.
I walked round with a huge smile on my face, waxing lyrical about the church, and Malcolm enjoyed telling us the story of his church.
Without doubt, the best church visit this, or any other year.
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Not for those wishing to find a medieval church, although there is evidence of an old building here in the form of a Norman window and crownpost roof. It is of interest that the nineteenth-century work carried out first by Hussey (1856) and then by Scott (1870) for the Pemberton Leigh family is in complete contrast to the work commissioned at nearby Kingsdown by the family at the same time (see separate entry). The second phase of work included the wonderful stencilling of the church, recently restored to the designs of G.G. Scott Jr. The majority of the furnishings are also Victorian and show the quality that only a fortune could buy in post-industrialised England
www.kentchurches.info/church.asp?p=Frinsted
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FRINSTED
LIES the next parish north westward from Wichling. It is written in Domesday, Fredenestede; in antient deeds, Freyhanestede; and in later ones, most usually, Frensted, alias Wronsted.
That part of this parish northward of the church is in the division of East Kent, but the church itself, and the remaining part of it is in that of West Kent.
THE PARISH extends on both sides of the valley, called Syndall, or Newnham-bottom, through which the high road leads from Ospringe, through Doddington and Newnham, to Hollingborne hill, on each side of which the hills rise very steep, the summits of them being in general covered with wood grounds. On the east side of this valley, on the hill close to the woods, is Rinsted-court; and on the hill on the west, Yokes court, and Madams-court; and still further westward, the village and church. The soil of it is poor, and covered with flints, much like that of Wichling, before described; but the rising hills on each side of the valley are mostly chalk.
There is a district in this parish, consisting of about fifty acres of land, called Minis-hill, over which the manor of Whornes-place, near Rochester, claims jurisdiction.
This parish was part of those possessions which William the Conqueror gave his half-brother Odo, bishop of Baieux, under the general title of whose lands it is thus entered in the book of Domesday, taken about the year 1080:
Hugh, the grandson of Herbert, and Adelold the chamberlain, holds of the bishop (of Baieux) Fredenestede. It was taxed at one suling. The arable land is three carucates. In demesne . . . . Three villeins having seven oxen. There is a church, and two acres of meadow and an half, and wood for the pannage of two hogs. It is, and was worth, separately, twenty shillings. Leunin held it of king Edward.
About four years after taking the above survey, the bishop was disgraced, and the king his brother seized on this estate, among the rest of his possessions, which were all consiscated to the crown. After which, this manor came into the possession of Jeffry de Peverel, and with other lands, made up the barony of Peverel, as it was then called, being assigned to him for the desence of Dover-castle, of which it was held by him in capite by barony.
Nicholas de Gerund afterwards held this manor, with the advowson of the church, of which he died possessed in the 52d year of Henry III. holding it of the king in capite, as one knight's see. After which, the family of Crombwell became possessed of it; one of whom, Richard de Crombwell, was owner of it in the 8th year of Edward II. being younger brother of Sir John de Crombwell, knight-banneret. Ralph de Crombwell, his successor, next year, obtained a charter of free warren for his lands in this parish, and at his seat here, since called Meriam-court, and now commonly, Madams-court.
In the next reign of king Edward III. this estate was again come into the possession of the family of Gerund, in which, however, it did not remain long, for Richard le Gerund leaving an only daughter and heir Maud, she carried this manor and seat in marriage to Sir Henry de Chalshunt, who in the 20th year of that reign, paid aid for the manor of Wrensted, alias Frensted, with its appurtenances, holding it by the like service, as did his descendant Henry de Chalfhunt, at his death, in the 9th year of Richard II. when it was found, that John Bedeford, Roger Tournour, Sibill Jarconville, and Agnes, daughter of Walter at Style, were his heirs and next of kin; at which time it was likewise found, that this manor was held of the manor of Ospringe.
Soon after which, this manor, with the mansionhouse, called Wrensted, and now most usually Rinstedcourt, with Meriam, or Madams-court, and the advowson of the church of Wrensted, was conveyed by sale to Robert le Hadde, who was resident here in the reign of Henry IV. being descended from ancestors who had been resident at Chart Sutton, in this county, for many generations, Rob. Hadde being of that parish in the reign of Henry III. In his descendants this estate continued down to Henry Hadde, esq. of Frinsted, who died possessed of this manor, with the advowson of the church, and the other estates above-mentioned, in the 23d year of queen Elizabeth, leaving two sons, Arnold and Matthew, who was counsellor-at-law, of Lincoln's-inn, of which he was rector, the former of whom succeeded him here, and two years afterwards, anno 25 Elizabeth, alienated this manor, with its appurtenances, together with the rest of his estates in this parish, to Edward and George Hills. Arnold Hadde, esq. after the sale of this estate, resided in St. Alphage parish, in Canterbury, as his descendants did for several generations afterwards, till the end of the last century, and several of them lie buried in that church. They bore for their arms, Gules, three bucks heads caboshed, or, borned argent, between the borns of each a cross patee fitchee, argent. (fn. 1)
Edward and George Hills joined in the sale of the manor of Frinsted, with Rinsted, alias Wrensted-court, and the lands belonging to it, to Edward Jackman, esq. of Hornchurch, in Essex, and he, in the 5th year of James I. passed it away to Oliver Style, esq. of Watringbury, who died in 1622. Upon the death of whose descendant, Sir Thomas Style, bart. who died in 1702, an agreement was entered into by his heirs for a partition of his estates among them, which was confirmed by an act, passed anno 2 and 3 of queen Anne. In this partition, the manor of Frinsted, with Rinstedcourt, was allotted to Margaret, his only daughter by his second wife, who in 1716 sold it to Mr. Abraham Tilghman, descended from those of Snodland. He was a commissioner of the navy, and of the victuallingoffice, and dying in 1729, was buried in the south isle of this church, where there is a monument erected to his memory. He bore for his arms, Per fess, sable, and argent, a lion rampant, counterchanged, crowned, or. He was succeeded here by his son Abraham Tilghman, esq. who resided here till his death in 1779. He left by Olivia his wife, one of the two daughters and coheirs of Charles Finch, esq. of Chatham, one daughter Elizabeth, who married the Rev. Pierrepont Crompe, of Newnham, in Gloucestershire, son and heir of Thomas Cromp, esq. of Newnham, in that county, by Rebecca, the other daughter and coheir of Charles Finch, esq. He bore for his arms, Or, a chevron, voided gules, on a chief of the second, three escallops of the first. He afterwards resided here, and died in 1797, leaving his widow surviving, who now resides here, and one son Robert-Thomas, and a daughter, Henrietta Maria, the former of whom is now entitled to the see of this estate.
MADAMS-COURT, formerly called Meriams-court, as has been already mentioned, passed from Arnold Hadde in the 25th year of queen Elizabeth, with the rest of his estates in this parish, to Edward and George Hills, and they joined in the sale of Meriam, or Madams-court, to Archer, from which name it passed, in the reign of Charles I. to Thatcher, by a female heir of which family it passed in marriage to Batcheler, some of whose descendants lie buried in this church, one of whom, Mr. William Batcheler, at length alienated it to James Chapman, gent. of Milton, whose son Ed ward Chapman, esq. of Otterden, died in 1765, leaving by his wife, daughter of the Rev. Mr. Dennis, of Leyborne, one son, James Chapman, esq. now of Faversham, who is the present owner of it.
YOKES-COURT is a manor in this parish, which in the reign of Henry III. was part of the possessions of Fulk de Peyforer, whose descendant William de Peyforer, in the 20th year of Edward III. paid aid for it as half a knight's fee, which he then held at le Yoke, in this parish, of the honor of Ledes.
He soon afterwards alienated this manor to Roger Northwood, who died in the 35th year of that reign possessed of this manor of Yoke, held of the king in capite, by the service of making his suit at the gate of the castle of Leeds, from month to month, in lieu of all other service whatsoever. His descendant, John Northwood, esq. died possessed of it anno 4 Henry V. leaving his two sisters his coheirs, who entitled their husbands, John Barley, esq. of Hertfordshire, and Sir John Norton, of this county, to their respective shares of their brother's estates.
From one of them this manor was alienated to John Dyggs, esq. of Barham, whose descendant James Dyggs, esq. of Barham, died in the 27th year of Henry VIII. then holding this manor in capite by knight's service. He left two sons, John, who was of Barham, and Leonard, whose descendants were of Chilham-castle. His son John Dyggs, the eldest, succeeded him in this manor, and died in his life-time, leaving a son William, whose son Christopher Diggs, esq. of Barham, having levied fines of all his lands anno 15 and 17 Elizabeth, quickly afterwards alienated this manor to Archer, from which name, in the reign of Charles I. it passed by sale to Thatcher, of which name there were inhabitants of the adjoining parish of Wormsell, as appears by the parish register there, as early as king Henry the VIIIth's reign. These of Frinsted bore for their arms, Gules, a cross moline, argent, on a chief, or, three grasshoppers proper. In the name of Thatcher this manor continued, till by a female heir Mary, daughter of Thomas Thatcher, it went in marriage to Mr. Henry Bing, of Wickhambreux, on whose death, his son Mr. John Bing, became possessed of it. He died in 1766, and was buried in the north chancel of this church, leaving one son Henry, and two daughters; Mr. Henry Bing, the son, succeeded his father in the possession of this manor, of which he is the present owner. A court baron is held for it.
Charities.
JOHN WIATT, of Milsted, by will in 1722, gave the moiety of several pieces of land in Milsted, Frinsted, and Wormsell, containing about twenty acres, for sending four poor children yearly to school, to learn to read, vested in the minister and churchwardens, and of the annual value of 2l. 4s.
The number of poor constantly relieved are about sixteen; casually twelve.
FRINSTED is, within the ECCLESIASTICAL JURISDICTION of the diocese of Canterbury, and deanry of Sutton.
The church, which is dedicated to St. Dunstan, is situated westward from the village, but in the northern part of the parish; it consists of two isles and two chancels, the northern one belonging to the estate of Yokes-court, in it are several memorials for the Thatchers and the Bings. In the south isle is a monument for Abraham Tilghman, esq. who died in 1729. Against the north wall in this chancel, in a recess, is an antient tomb, with an engrailed arch over it. It has a square beacon tower at the west end of it, in which hang four bells. In the church yard is an altar tomb; under it, in a vault, lie buried A. Tilghman, esq. who died in 1779, and Olivia his wife; and the Rev. Mr. Crompe, and Henrietta-Maria, his daughter.
¶This church was formerly appendant to the manor of Frinsted, as has already been mentioned, and seems to have passed with it from Arnold Hadde, esq. toge ther with the rest of his estates in this parish, to Edward and George Hills, who alienated the manor of Frinsted, with Rinsted-court, to Edward Jackman, esq. and Meriam-court, or Madams-court, as it is now called, together with the advowson of the rectory of Frinsted, to Archer, from which name it passed with it, to Thatcher, in whose descendants it continued till Mary, daughter of Thomas Thatcher, carried it in marriage to Mr. Henry Bing, whose descendant, Mr. Henry Bing, gent. of this parish, is the present possessor of it.
In Strype's Stow's Survey, it is said, that in the reign of Edward III. the church of Frethensted, in the diocese of Canterbury, belonged to St. Catherine's hospital, near the Tower; and Tanner in his Monasticon, says, in patent 3 Edward III. p. 2, m. 2, is a licence for appropriating that church to the above-mentioned hospital, which cannot be reconciled to the records above-quoted, in which the advowson of the church of Frinsted is found to have been vested in the several owners of the manor of Frinsted.
This rectory is valued in the king's books at 9l. 11s. 8d. and the yearly tenths at 19s. 2d. and is of the yearly certified value of 71l. 7s. 4d.
In 1640 it was valued at sixty pounds. Communicants fifty.
NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION SERVICE, Huron, SD, Aug 2, 2017– When Lyman County producer Reed Petersek signs a contract with USDA to enroll his farm in the Conservation Stewardship Program (CSP) next Wednesday morning, it will mark a conservation milestone for South Dakota farmers and ranchers. Petersek’s signing will mark the 7 millionth acre of land in South Dakota to be enrolled into the program.
SD Agriculture Secretary Mike Jaspers, SD Game, Fish and Wildlife Secretary Kelly Hepler, Natural Resources Conservation Service (USDA NRCS) State Conservationist Jeff Zimprich, and Karl Jensen and Angela Ehlers of the South Dakota Association of Conservation Districts (SDACD) will be on hand to congratulate farmers and ranchers for their conservation accomplishments and thank them for their work.
The signing event will take place at 10 a.m. Wednesday, August 9, on the Front Porch at the Sioux Empire Fair in Sioux Falls. That day is Agriculture Appreciation Day at the fair.
“We’re really proud of the farmers and ranchers in this state for their conservation work,” says Zimprich, Huron. “They lead the country in acres put into the Conservation Stewardship Program, and have for some time. We’ve reached a conservation milestone with 7 million acres in this state, and no other state has even 6 million acres.”
“We’d invite anyone who wants to say thank you to also come to the fair that morning. Come a little early, our program starts at 10. Then stay for the entertainment and ag appreciation lunch,” Zimprich says.
CSP is a USDA program that rewards producers performing at a high level of conservation and encourages them to do more; contracts cover more than 15 percent of the cropland and rangeland in South Dakota. Farmers and ranchers enrolled in the program go above and beyond basic conservation practices, adding specific “enhancements” that improve soil health, water quality, wildlife habitat and other resources on both rangeland and farmland.
“Lloyd and Marianne Frein in Haakon County adapted their haying equipment with flush bars to allow wildlife to escape when they mow their hay. Anthony Bly in Minnehaha County has revamped his system to substantially reduce pesticide drift, and he’s using cover crop mixes to make his soil healthier, among many other improvements,” Zimprich says. “John Schubeck of Lincoln County now has high level integrated pest management to reduce environmental risks, and Kirk Jensen is establishing pollinator and beneficial insect habitat on his land in that county. There are examples of higher level conservation like this all over the state.”
According to NRCS records, in the five-year period between 2011 and 2016, South Dakota ranchers and farmers improved grazing management through CSP on more than 1.1 million acres to benefit wildlife. In that same period, they made 132 miles of fence wildlife friendly for deer, antelope or sage grouse, and they began using practices like flush bars in haying operations on 280,000 acres to reduce loss of nests and young birds.
Among the practices applied through CSP leading to improved water quality are reduced pesticide drift on 1.7 million acres, and plant tissue testing, variable rate fertilizing, and conversion to no-till farming on a combined 1.5 million acres. NRCS also cited the use of cover crops on 300,000 acres and grassland monitoring on 3.4 million acres as significant steps towards soil and rangeland health.
Those practices are among the more than 50 CSP enhancement activities South Dakota farmers and ranchers are using on rangeland and pastureland are aimed at improving soil, water, wildlife, and other resources both on and off the farm or ranch.
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Source contact information:
Jeff Zimprich, NRCS State Conservationist, Huron. (605) 352-1200
2013 World Water Week.
Tuesday, September 3.
Shared Water Resources Management in the Arab Region, K11.
Photo: Mikael Ullén.
The monastery was built to thank the Virgin Mary for the Portuguese victory over the Castilians in the battle of Aljubarrota in 1385, fulfilling a promise of King John I of Portugal. The battle put an end to the 1383–85 Crisis.
It took over a century to build, starting in 1386 and ending circa 1517, spanning the reign of seven kings. It took the efforts of fifteen architects , but for seven of them the title was no more than an honorary title bestowed on them. The construction required an enormous effort, using extraordinary resources of men and material. New techniques and artistic styles, hitherto unknown in Portugal, were deployed.
Work began in 1386 by the Portuguese architect Afonso Domingues who continued until 1402. He drew up the plan, and many of the structures in the church and the cloister are his doing. His style was essentially Rayonnant Gothic, however there are influences from the English Perpendicular Period. There are similarities with the façade of York Minster and with the nave and transept of Canterbury Cathedral.
Maria Alonso began farming in Ontario, California to provide fresh fruits and vegetables for her son who was suffering attention deficit hyperactivity disorder or ADHD. Today Maria serves as Executive Director and co-founder of Huerta del Valley, a four-acre organic, urban community garden and farm.
Maria works with USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service - Redlands District to improve farm operations through hoop houses, a micro-irrigations system, and more. View the interactive story about Maria and her farming operation: arcg.is/1eD0a1
USDA Photo by Lance Cheung
The official launch of the state of farm animal genetic resources (AnGR) in Africa, the coffee table book of cattle breeds, the AnGR-Characterization, Inventory and Monitoring tool and the new Animal Resources Information System version in Nairobi on 12 June 2019 (photo credit: ILRI/Paul Karaimu).
Wu Hougang, Chairman and President, Zoneco Group, People's Republic of China speaking during the Session: Restoring Ocean Resources at the Annual Meeting 2017 of the World Economic Forum in Davos, January 20, 2017
Copyright by World Economic Forum / Sikarin Thanachaiary
L-R: Irene Hoffmann, Secretary CGRFA, FAO; Sibidou Sina, Secretaire Général Du Ministère, Ministere de l'Environnement; Jarkko Koskela, Secretary Intergovernmental Technical Working Group on Forest Genetic Resources, FAO; Eva Müller, Director, Forestry Policy and Resources Division, Forestry Department, FAO
Fifth Session of the Intergovernmental Technical Working Group on Forest Genetic Resources
8 - 10 May 2018
Italy, FAO HQ, Rome
Copyright ©FAO. Editorial use only. Photo credit must be given: ©FAO/Roberto Cenciarelli
31 May 2018 - Multilateralism to meet the challenges of biodiversity, the climate change and natural resources.
Mr Mika LINTILA Minister of Economic Affairs Finland
OECD, Paris, France
Photo: OECD/Victor Tonelli
KAKEGAWA, Japan – Swirling sand obscures the sunlit sky as a UH-1 “Huey” helicopter touches down on a freshly cut baseball field. Mere moments pass before the Huey’s Japan Ground Self-Defense Force crew chief dismounts from his metallic steed and sprints toward four U.S. Army Soldiers bearing a stretcher. The crew chief’s commanding shout cuts through the roar of rotor blades, springing his American partners into action. With swift, expert precision, the stretcher bearers carry their wounded comrade—a mannequin sporting an Army Combat Uniform—to the Huey.
Casualty evacuation was one of the many training missions orchestrated during Shizuoka Prefecture’s annual Comprehensive Disaster Drill conducted here Sept. 4, 2016. The drill demonstrated the emergency response capabilities of a diverse collection of local, regional, national and international organizations. Its static displays, interactive classes and practical workshops conducted throughout Kakegawa also provided lifesaving lessons for the city’s citizens.
“The people of Shizuoka Prefecture have organized this annual exercise for 35 years,” said Yuka Ogura, a supervisor for the prefectural government’s Emergency Countermeasures Division. “Although the drill’s size and scope has become increasingly complex with the inclusion of specialized government agencies and advanced equipment, the individual residents play the most pivotal role in preparing for the worst.”
Among the participants stood a dozen Soldiers assigned to U.S. Army Japan, I Corps (Forward) and Public Health Command-Pacific. The group packed two Humvees with fuel, rations and medical supplies before embarking on their 120-mile journey from Camp Zama to Kakegawa.
“The U.S. Army has actively participated in this drill since 2010,” said Maj. Donald Kim, U.S. Army liaison officer for to the JGSDF's Eastern Army and Central Readiness Force. “It demonstrates our capabilities in humanitarian response assistance by testing our troops’ expertise in first aid, supply distribution, convoy operations and medical evacuation. Our participation also sends a strong message to our Japanese partners that we are willing and able to provide immediate support when disaster strikes.”
“Since the great east Japan earthquake and tsunami [in 2011], local communities have a greater understanding and openness to collaborate with international agencies in the aftermath of a major disaster,” added Ogura. “The U.S. Army has proved on many occasions that it has the talent and resources to respond to any emergency in the country.”
Throughout the exercise, the American Soldiers worked closely with their Japan Ground Self-Defense Force partners from the 34th Infantry Regiment, Eastern Army, JGSDF. The respective units set up their base of operations at a local gym where they combined resources to coordinate convoy routes, establish mobile communication sites, and set up supply distribution points.
“The JGSDF and U.S. Army have specialized equipment and highly trained personnel that many of our civilian counterparts cannot afford,” said JGSDF Sgt. 1st Class Miura Hatoshi, a squad leader in the 2nd Company, 34th Infantry Regiment. “However, these assets are practically worthless if we don’t properly use them. That’s why it’s essential that we seize every opportunity to train together so we may make the right decisions together.”
The drill concluded with a closing ceremony at a demolished neighborhood used as a training site for search, rescue and recovery operations. Standing alongside hundreds of service members, firefighters, police officers and first responders, Heita Kawakatsu, governor of Shizuoka Prefecture, expressed his appreciation for the American participants.
“The citizens of Shizuoka Prefecture and I are grateful for the support from the U.S. Army and Marines,” said Kawakatsu. “Your skill and professionalism were second only to your care and compassion.”
As the troops shook hands and exchanged small tokens of appreciation with their gracious hosts, Kim reflected on his team’s immense effort, energy and enthusiasm.
“I’m proud of these men,” said Kim. “Many of them have Military Occupation Specialties far separated from the desired skillsets for humanitarian assistance and disaster relief missions. However, their proficiency in their basic warrior tasks and their eagerness to learn from the experts shows our Japanese partners that they can count on us anytime, anywhere.”
Photo by Sgt. John L. Carkeet IV, U.S. Army Japan
Work as part of CIAT's Genetic resources program.
Credit: ©2010CIAT/NeilPalmer
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Textures, Jerry Jones (skeletalMess); Photo tint ' Lichen'
Graidient set; Scully7491_Darkgradients, scully7491.deviantart.com/
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Roman Sword: forestdino.deviantart.com/art/Roman-Sword-Gladius-243064677
Rest my own local images. The Church is 'All Saints' Kirby Underdale' Mounted warriors from
day out at Sledmere House.
Battier’s leadership development and education Programs assist you in achieving your institutional goals through open education.
Paleontological resources are any fossilized remains, traces, or imprints of organisms, preserved in or on the earth's crust, that are of paleontological interest and that provide information about the history of life on earth.
--read more about Logan Butte in this Northwest Passage article: www.blm.gov/or/nwpassage/articles/NWP_17_Secret_History_W...
The Bureau of Land Management (BLM) regards paleontological or fossil resources as a fragile, nonrenewable scientific record. The history of life on earth is an important component of America's natural heritage. If these resources are damaged, destroyed or improperly collected, their scientific and educational value may be greatly reduced or lost forever.
Many kinds of fossils can be found on the BLM-managed public lands in Oregon and Washington, some world-class in scientific importance. Fossils are the remains and traces of once-living organisms, preserved in rocks of the Earth's crust. BLM managed lands in Oregon have fossil resources ranging from near-shore Oligocene marine species along the margins of the Willamette Valley to the well-preserved, remarkably complete fossil record of plants and animals within the heavily eroded volcanic deposits of the scenic John Day River basin.
Fossil deposits in eastern Oregon, in particular, represent a time when primitive mammals began to change and adapt to new environments and show a slow transition into faunas that we recognize today. Researchers from institutions such as the University of Oregon, the University of California-Berkeley, University of Nebraska, University of Florida, and South Dakota School of Mines and Technology conduct studies on public lands to study ecological and evolutionary changes of the past 50 million years.
Two areas on public lands have been designated Areas of Critical Environmental Concern to protect paleontological resources: Logan Butte and Fossil Lake.
To learn more about these amazing resources on your public lands head on over to: www.blm.gov/or/resources/heritage/paleo.php
Photo by Michael Campbell/BLM/2014
The "Mobilising Resources for Public Engagement" final conference took place at ISCTE-IUL on the 28th of march 2019.
Fotografia de Hugo Alexandre Cruz
U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Agricultural Research Service (ARS) Environmental Microbial and Food Safety Laboratory (EMFSL) display allows visitors to shine a modified handheld ultraviolet light to show the phosphorescence of liquids commonly found in kitchens, at the 4th USA Science & Engineering Festival at the Walter E. Washington Convention Center, in Washington D.C, on Sunday, April 17, 2016. EMFSL conducts research to understand how pathogens are disseminated on farms, in the environment, and to food products, and to develop methods to detect, characterize, and mitigate contamination to prevent foodborne illnesses. For more about EMFSL see www.ars.usda.gov/aboutus/aboutus.htm
U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) is a sponsor of and exhibitor at USASEF. Multiple USDA agencies including National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA), Forest Service (FS), Agricultural Research Service (ARS), Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS), Natural Resources Conservation Services (NRCS), Food and Nutrition Service (FNS) and Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS), Agricultural Marketing Service (AMS), Grain Inspection, Packers and Stockyards Administration (GIPSA) will be participating in this event. The USA Science & Engineering Festival is a national grassroots effort to advance STEM education and inspire the next generation of scientists and engineers. For more information, visit www.usasciencefestival.org, www.usda.gov, nifa.usda.gov/, www.fs.fed.us/, www.ars.usda.gov/, www.fsis.usda.gov/, www.nrcs.usda.gov/, www.fns.usda.gov/, www.aphis.usda.gov/, www.ams.usda.gov/, www.gipsa.usda.gov. #SciFest @USAScienceFest @USDA_NIFA @USDA_REE @scienceatusda @USDA_ ARS @USDA_FSIS @USDA_NRCS @USDA_FNS @USDA_APHIS @USDA_GIPSA @USDA_FS USDA Photo by Lance Cheung.
Debra Paxton, from D-H Human Resources, discusses the various benefit plans to employees for the coming year. (photo by Mark Washburn)
Dominic Kailash Nath Waughray, Head of Public-Private Partnership, Member of the Executive Committee, World Economic Forum speaking during the Session: Restoring Ocean Resources at the Annual Meeting 2017 of the World Economic Forum in Davos, January 20, 2017
Copyright by World Economic Forum / Sikarin Thanachaiary
Colorado School of Mines professors from Space Resources and The Payne Institute for Public Policy met with Congressman Scott Tipton to discuss new space resources legislation.
Cattle stand on a solid stable cement pad while drinking water from floating ball valve trough at Spring Steel Farm, where owner Ronnie Cook applied and qualified for U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) technical and financial assistance Environmental Quality Incentive Program (EQIP) to implement Conservation Practice Standard 561 - Heavy Use Area Protection (HUAP) for cement pads that protect the livestock and soil resources, in Wagener, SC, on Nov 17, 2020. Using the technical specification of various funded trough pads, he added several more at his own cost. For more information about CP 561, please go to nrcs.usda.gov/Internet/FSE_DOCUMENTS/stelprdb1263412.pdf. USDA Photo by Lance Cheung.
Paleontological resources are any fossilized remains, traces, or imprints of organisms, preserved in or on the earth's crust, that are of paleontological interest and that provide information about the history of life on earth.
--read more about Logan Butte in this Northwest Passage article: www.blm.gov/or/nwpassage/articles/NWP_17_Secret_History_W...
The Bureau of Land Management (BLM) regards paleontological or fossil resources as a fragile, nonrenewable scientific record. The history of life on earth is an important component of America's natural heritage. If these resources are damaged, destroyed or improperly collected, their scientific and educational value may be greatly reduced or lost forever.
Many kinds of fossils can be found on the BLM-managed public lands in Oregon and Washington, some world-class in scientific importance. Fossils are the remains and traces of once-living organisms, preserved in rocks of the Earth's crust. BLM managed lands in Oregon have fossil resources ranging from near-shore Oligocene marine species along the margins of the Willamette Valley to the well-preserved, remarkably complete fossil record of plants and animals within the heavily eroded volcanic deposits of the scenic John Day River basin.
Fossil deposits in eastern Oregon, in particular, represent a time when primitive mammals began to change and adapt to new environments and show a slow transition into faunas that we recognize today. Researchers from institutions such as the University of Oregon, the University of California-Berkeley, University of Nebraska, University of Florida, and South Dakota School of Mines and Technology conduct studies on public lands to study ecological and evolutionary changes of the past 50 million years.
Two areas on public lands have been designated Areas of Critical Environmental Concern to protect paleontological resources: Logan Butte and Fossil Lake.
To learn more about these amazing resources on your public lands head on over to:
www.blm.gov/or/resources/heritage/paleo.php
Photo by Jeff Clark/BLM/2014