View allAll Photos Tagged Psychoactive
Mari and I found this nearly fist-sized Amanita muscaria under some blueberry bushes next to the Goldie Lake Loop Trail in Mount Seymour Provincial Park. I guess the recent bit of moisture Vancouver has received has done wonders for the fungus on the North Shore because you could hardly take two steps without almost stepping on some sort of mushroom. September 20, 2009.
Autumns coming early ! The unseasonal wet weather of August seems to have triggered the early appearance of woodland fungi .This composition was taken in an area of mixed woodland in Stoke Park Woods near my home village of Bishopstoke, Hampshire. Although this species is edible it is very similar in appearance to the very toxic psychoactive panther cap fungi and unless your totally confident it’s probably best to stick with the more familiar edible species!
Most authorities say that this is an edible but very poor mushroom, and because it is so insubstantial it has no culinary value; however specimens have been found that contain the psychoactive drug psilocybin, and so I must recommend that these mushrooms should not be collected for human consumption. - or must I?
Amanita muscaria, commonly known as the fly agaric or fly amanita, is a mushroom and psychoactive basidiomycete fungus, one of many in the genus Amanita.
From Wikipedia:
Nymphaea nouchali var. caerulea, is a water lily in the genus Nymphaea, a botanical variety of Nymphaea nouchali.
It is an aquatic plant of freshwater lakes, pools and rivers, naturally found throughout most of the eastern half of Africa, as well as parts of southern Arabia, but has also been spread to other regions as an ornamental plant. It was grown by the Ancient Egyptian civilization, and had significance in their religion. It can tolerate the roots being in anoxic mud in nutritionally poor conditions, and can become a dominant plant in deeper water in such habitats. It is associated with a species of snail, which is one of the main hosts of the pathogen causing human schistosomiasis. The underwater rhizomes are edible. Like other species in the genus, the plant contains the psychoactive alkaloid aporphine[inconsistent] (not to be confused with apomorphine, a metabolic product of aporphine).
Amanita muscaria, commonly known as the fly agaric or fly amanita, is a mushroom and psychoactive basidiomycete fungus, one of many in the genus Amanita. Native throughout the temperate and boreal regions of the Northern Hemisphere, Amanita muscaria has been unintentionally introduced to many countries in the Southern Hemisphere, generally as a symbiont with pine and birch plantations, and is now a true cosmopolitan species. It associates with various deciduous and coniferous trees.
The quintessential toadstool, it is a large white-gilled, white-spotted, usually red mushroom, one of the most recognisable and widely encountered in popular culture. Several subspecies with differing cap colour have been recognised, including the brown regalis (often considered a separate species), the yellow-orange flavivolvata, guessowii, formosa, and the pinkish persicina. Genetic studies published in 2006 and 2008 show several sharply delineated clades that may represent separate species.
Although classified as poisonous, reports of human deaths resulting from its ingestion are extremely rare. After parboilingâwhich weakens its toxicity and breaks down the mushroom's psychoactive substancesâit is eaten in parts of Europe, Asia, and North America. Amanita muscaria is noted for its hallucinogenic properties, with its main psychoactive constituent being the compound muscimol. The mushroom was used as an intoxicant and entheogen by the peoples of Siberia, and has a religious significance in these cultures. There has been much speculation on possible traditional use of this mushroom as an intoxicant in other places such as the Middle East, Eurasia, North America, and Scandinavia.
Photographed at Ebernoe Common, Near Petworth, West Sussex, UK.
Amanita muscaria, commonly known as the fly agaric or fly amanita, is a mushroom and psychoactive basidiomycete fungus, one of many in the genus Amanita. Native throughout the temperate and boreal regions of the Northern Hemisphere, Amanita muscaria has been unintentionally introduced to many countries in the Southern Hemisphere, generally as a symbiont with pine and birch plantations, and is now a true cosmopolitan species. It associates with various deciduous and coniferous trees.
The quintessential toadstool, it is a large white-gilled, white-spotted, usually red mushroom, one of the most recognisable and widely encountered in popular culture. Several subspecies with differing cap colour have been recognised, including the brown regalis (often considered a separate species), the yellow-orange flavivolvata, guessowii, formosa, and the pinkish persicina. Genetic studies published in 2006 and 2008 show several sharply delineated clades that may represent separate species.
Although classified as poisonous, reports of human deaths resulting from its ingestion are extremely rare. After parboilingâwhich weakens its toxicity and breaks down the mushroom's psychoactive substancesâit is eaten in parts of Europe, Asia, and North America. Amanita muscaria is noted for its hallucinogenic properties, with its main psychoactive constituent being the compound muscimol. The mushroom was used as an intoxicant and entheogen by the peoples of Siberia, and has a religious significance in these cultures. There has been much speculation on possible traditional use of this mushroom as an intoxicant in other places such as the Middle East, Eurasia, North America, and Scandinavia.
Photographed at Ebernoe Common, Near Petworth, West Sussex, UK.
Hội An, Vietnam
This aquatic flowering plant is known primarily as blue lotus or blue water lily. Like other species in the genus Nymphaea, the plant contains the psychoactive alkaloid aporphine. Apparently in some countries these plants and their products are banned as a Schedule 1 drug.
Pirianda..
Amanita muscaria, commonly known as the fly agaric or fly amanita, is a mushroom and psychoactive basidiomycete fungus, one of many in the genus Amanita. Native throughout the temperate and boreal regions of the Northern Hemisphere, Amanita muscaria has been unintentionally introduced to many countries in the Southern Hemisphere, generally as a symbiont with pine and birch plantations, and is now a true cosmopolitan species. It associates with various deciduous and coniferous trees..
The quintessential toadstool, it is a large white-gilled, white-spotted, usually red mushroom, one of the most recognisable and widely encountered in popular culture. .
Although classified as poisonous, reports of human deaths resulting from its ingestion are extremely rare. After parboiling—which weakens its toxicity and breaks down the mushroom's psychoactive substances—it is eaten in parts of Europe, Asia, and North America. Amanita muscaria is noted for its hallucinogenic properties, with its main psychoactive constituent being the compound muscimol. The mushroom was used as an intoxicant and entheogen by the peoples of Siberia, and has a religious significance in these cultures. There has been much speculation on possible traditional use of this mushroom as an intoxicant in other places such as the Middle East, Eurasia, North America, and Scandinavia. The American banker and amateur ethnomycologist R. Gordon Wasson proposed that the fly agaric was the soma of the ancient Rig Veda texts of India; since its introduction in 1968, this theory has gained followers and detractors in anthropological and religious literature..
Extracts from Wikepedia
Fly agaric(Amanita muscaria)
Famous, enchanting and highly toxic. Fly agaric is the home of fairies and magical creatures and a lover of birch woodland, where it helps trees by transferring nutrients into their roots, but if eaten can cause hallucinations and psychotic reactions.
Fly agaric has a bright red cap with white spots and white gills. It can grow to 20cm across and 30cm tall and has a savoury smell.
Cap: scarlet or orange colour, sometimes with white wart-like spots.
Gills: white to cream located under the cap. Closely packed and not joined to the stem.
Stipe (stalk): white with a brittle texture. The base has a bulbous volva (cup-like base from which the stem emerges) with shaggy rings of scales around it and a large skirt.
Spores: white and oval.
Not to be confused with: the blusher (Amanita rubescens), which is of similar shape, with a pale, reddish-brown cap and cream spots.
Fly agaric is native to the UK. It grows in woodland and heathland on light soils among birch, pine or spruce. It is a fungus that often forms mycorrhizal associations with birch, but also other trees.
Fly agaric has a long history of use in religious ceremonies, particularly in Asia. For over 4,000 years it was the ingredient in a sacred and hallucinogenic ritual drink called 'soma' in India and Iran; while the Siberian shamans would give it out as a gift in late December.
This toadstool has turned up in many fairy tale stories and features in the story of Alice in Wonderland when she is given some fly agaric to eat.
The notion that Vikings used A. muscaria to produce their berserker rages was first suggested by the Swedish professor Samuel Ödmann in 1784. Ödmann based his theories on reports about the use of fly agaric among Siberian shamans. The notion has become widespread since the 19th century, but no contemporary sources mention this use or anything similar in their description of berserkers. Muscimol is generally a mild relaxant, but it can create a range of different reactions within a group of people.It is possible that it could make a person angry, or cause them to be "very jolly or sad, jump about, dance, sing or give way to great fright".Comparative analysis of symptoms have, however, since shown Hyoscyamus niger to be a better fit to the state that characterises the berserker rage
Fly agaric is poisonous and infamous for its psychoactive and hallucinogenic properties. But, reports of human deaths are extremely rare. It was traditionally used as an insecticide. The cap was broken up and sprinkled into saucers of milk. It's known to contain ibotenic acid, which both attracts and kills flies – which gave it its name.
Excerpt from supercrawl.ca:
Sean Procyk’s Macro dose is a psychoactive installation where giant mushrooms fruit from discarded mattresses. These bioluminescent fungal forms tower over spectators, emanating sonic vibrations at the threshold of human perception. This surreal encounter may induce wonder, general concern and/or amusement. While creating the work the artist was thinking about processes of migration, displacement, infestation and colonization.
Amanita muscaria, commonly known as the fly agaric or fly amanita, is a poisonous and psychoactive basidiomycete fungus, one of many in the genus Amanita.
Published - Veröffentlicht - Geilenkirchener-Zeitung - Aachener Zeitung - 05th of November 2016 - 05. November 2016 ------------------------------------
Amanita muscaria ---- Fly agaric ---- Amanita muscaria, commonly known as the fly agaric or fly amanita, is a mushroom and psychoactive basidiomycete fungus, one of many in the genus Amanita. Native throughout the temperate and boreal regions of the Northern Hemisphere, Amanita muscaria has been unintentionally introduced to many countries in the Southern Hemisphere, generally as a symbiont with pine and birch plantations, and is now a true cosmopolitan species. It associates with various deciduous and coniferous trees.
This iconic toadstool is a large white-gilled, white-spotted, usually red mushroom, and is one of the most recognisable and widely encountered in popular culture. Several subspecies with differing cap colour have been recognised, including the brown regalis (often considered a separate species), the yellow-orange flavivolvata, guessowii, formosa, and the pinkish persicina. Genetic studies published in 2006 and 2008 show several sharply delineated clades that may represent separate species.
Although classified as poisonous, reports of human deaths resulting from its ingestion are extremely rare. After parboiling—which weakens its toxicity and breaks down the mushroom's psychoactive substances—it is eaten in parts of Europe, Asia, and North America. Amanita muscaria is noted for its hallucinogenic properties, with its main psychoactive constituent being the compound muscimol. The mushroom was used as an intoxicant and entheogen by the peoples of Siberia, and has a religious significance in these cultures. There has been much speculation on possible traditional use of this mushroom as an intoxicant in other places such as the Middle East, Eurasia, North America, and Scandinavia.
Amanita muscaria, commonly known as the fly agaric or fly amanita, is a mushroom and psychoactive basidiomycete fungus, one of many in the genus Amanita. Native throughout the temperate and boreal regions of the Northern Hemisphere, Amanita muscaria has been unintentionally introduced to many countries in the Southern Hemisphere, generally as a symbiont with pine and birch plantations, and is now a true cosmopolitan species. It associates with various deciduous and coniferous trees.
So this was a rather tense situation... This tribe in PNG has all the women who are the badasses and they outfit them with all the kind of stuff you see here. Not long after I took this, the national military group showed up and started shooting off tear gas before things got too out of control. Pretty much everyone here imbibes the psychoactive betel nut, which makes their mouths and teeth a dark, bloody red. Anyway, before things got too rough, I left to go back to where I was staying. They don't really have hotels there, so I was staying at some compound that was built for diamond miners. There was this tough South African guy there that ran it... I'll never forget when he told me about how much the locals are thankful for him, and, if they are not, he carries around a 1-meter copper pipe to make sure they do. Pretty rough place!
Datura wrightii, commonly known as sacred datura, is a poisonous perennial plant species and ornamental flower of the family Solanaceae native to the Southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico. It is sometimes used as a hallucinogen due to its psychoactive alkaloids. German botanist Eduard August von Regel (1815-1892) described the species in 1859 from material collected in Texas by botanist Charles Wright (1811-1885) and named it after him.
Seen and photographed at San Francisco Botanical Garden in Golden Gate Park.
Quote by,
~ Amit Ray,
Called a "lotus" known as a Nymphaea caerulea, which is known today as a water lily. This Blue Lotus was the most important cultivated (ritual) plant of ancient Egypt. You could see these water lilies growing wild in ponds, and were very popular in the Nile. The blue lotus flower was also artificially planted in built bodies of water. The blue lotus became very popular for its enchanting beauty and I would guess for also its psychoactive effects. This water lily was a very popular flower used in ceremonies having to do with death and birth. The great pharaoh Ramses II (1290-1223 B.C.E.) was made almost completely of white and blue lotus leaves.
1-cartera/bag
2-medias/socks
3-camara de fotos/camera
4-rexona no te abandona/rexona
5-broche del pelo/clasp for hair
6-telefono chotin/shittie telephone
7-flauta/flut
8-just in case
9-batidor/beater
10-libro que estoy leyendo/book i'm reading
11-anteojos de sol/sun glasses
12-anteojos de leer/glasses
13-cubo rubik, just in case/rubik's cube
14-monedero/purse
15-billetera/wallet
16-psicofarmacos/psychoactive drugs
17-just in case
Psychoactive Gallery, work of artist Tunga, at the Contemporary Art Center and Botanical Garden Inhotim
The Rufous Hummingbird (Selasphorus rufus) is a small hummingbird, about 8 cm long (3 inches) with a long, straight and very slender bill. The female is slightly larger than the male.
The adult male, (shown in the photo), has a white breast, rufous face, upperparts, flanks and tail and an iridescent orange-red throat patch (gorget). Some males have some green on back and/or crown. The female has green upperparts with some white, some iridescent orange feathers in the center of the throat, and a dark tail with white tips and rufous base. Females and the rare green-backed males are extremely difficult to differentiate from Allen's Hummingbird. This is a typical-sized hummingbird, being a very small bird. It weighs 2–5 g (0.071–0.18 oz), measures 7–9 cm (2.8–3.5 in) long and spans 11 cm (4.3 in) across the wings.
They feed on nectar from flowers using a long extendible tongue or catch insects on the wing. These birds require frequent feeding while active during the day and become torpid at night to conserve energy.
Leonotis leonurus, also known as lion's tail and wild dagga, is a plant species in the Lamiaceae (mint) family. The plant is a broadleaf evergreen large shrub native to South Africa and southern Africa, where it is very common. It is known for its medicinal and mild psychoactive properties. The main psychoactive component of Leonotis leonurus is leonurine.
Los Angeles. California.
104/116Venomous,Poisonous or Toxic
Fly agaric is psychoactive and hallucinogenic, containing the alkaloids muscimol, ibotenic acid and muscazone, which react with neurotransmitter receptors in the central nervous system. These cause psychotropic poisoning which may be severe in some cases although deaths are very rare. It also contains small amounts of muscarine, the first toxin to be isolated from a mushroom, and first isolated from this species. This causes sweat-inducing poisoning, stimulating the secretory glands and inducing symptoms which include profuse salivation and sweating. These symptoms can be treated by using atropine but this should not be used in cases of Amanita muscaria poisoning because it increases the activity of muscimol.
Surely the most iconic toadstool species, the fly agaric (Amanita muscaria) is gracing the forest parts of our favorite bike trail now.
A really weird story about its traditional use that I just found on Wikipedia:
"In Siberia, A. muscaria was used by both shamans and laypeople alike, and was used recreationally as well as religiously. In eastern Siberia, the shaman would take the mushrooms, and others would drink his urine. This urine, still containing psychoactive elements, may be more potent than the A. muscaria mushrooms with fewer negative effects such as sweating and twitching, suggesting that the initial user may act as a screening filter for other components in the mushroom." Very bizarre.
Der erste Fliegenpilz der Saison am Mauerweg in Berlin-Lübars. Wir haben keine Experimente damit veranstaltet ;-)
Since the completion the Corbett Diversion Dam and its outlet the Garland Canal in 1908, the agricultural area around Powell Wyoming has produced crops of sugar beets, alfalfa, barley, oats, corn and beans. In recent years sunflowers and millet has been added to crop rotations. Every now and then a new crop arrives making people who drive by the fields say “what’s that?” This year, people have been noticing a field with a crop that looks sort of familiar, hemp. The first commercial hemp crop in the Powell area was planted in early June on 35 acres just west of Powell by Mother’s Hemp Farms. Area papers report another 102 were sown near Deaver . The crop will reportedly be used for CBD and CBG production. (No smoking allowed, besides, this crop tests below 0.3% THC, the main psychoactive chemical in marijuana).
References:
www.powelltribune.com/stories/hemp-first-crops-near-powel...
www.powelltribune.com/stories/hemp-is-legal-with-limits,2...
www.powelltribune.com/stories/powell-company-to-become-wy...
Pirianda..
Amanita muscaria, commonly known as the fly agaric or fly amanita, is a mushroom and psychoactive basidiomycete fungus, one of many in the genus Amanita. Native throughout the temperate and boreal regions of the Northern Hemisphere, Amanita muscaria has been unintentionally introduced to many countries in the Southern Hemisphere, generally as a symbiont with pine and birch plantations, and is now a true cosmopolitan species. It associates with various deciduous and coniferous trees..
The quintessential toadstool, it is a large white-gilled, white-spotted, usually red mushroom, one of the most recognisable and widely encountered in popular culture. .
Although classified as poisonous, reports of human deaths resulting from its ingestion are extremely rare. After parboiling—which weakens its toxicity and breaks down the mushroom's psychoactive substances—it is eaten in parts of Europe, Asia, and North America. Amanita muscaria is noted for its hallucinogenic properties, with its main psychoactive constituent being the compound muscimol. The mushroom was used as an intoxicant and entheogen by the peoples of Siberia, and has a religious significance in these cultures. There has been much speculation on possible traditional use of this mushroom as an intoxicant in other places such as the Middle East, Eurasia, North America, and Scandinavia. The American banker and amateur ethnomycologist R. Gordon Wasson proposed that the fly agaric was the soma of the ancient Rig Veda texts of India; since its introduction in 1968, this theory has gained followers and detractors in anthropological and religious literature..
Extracts from Wikepedia
A small brown mushroom growing up through the forest floor at Chapman State Park, MD, USA.
Google Lens IDs this as likely a species from the genus Panaeolus, possibly the banded mottlegill (Panaeolus cinctulus) or a related species such as Panaeolus fimicola or Panaeolus olivaceus. Several species within this genus, including P. cinctulus and P. olivaceus, contain the hallucinogen psilocybin. Accurate identification can be challenging due to their resemblance to other non-psychoactive or potentially toxic species, sometimes requiring microscopic inspection of spores.
From Wikipedia:
Amanita muscaria, commonly known as the fly agaric or fly amanita, is a basidiomycete of the genus Amanita. It is also a muscimol mushroom. Native throughout the temperate and boreal regions of the Northern Hemisphere, Amanita muscaria has been unintentionally introduced to many countries in the Southern Hemisphere, generally as a symbiont with pine and birch plantations, and is now a true cosmopolitan species. It associates with various deciduous and coniferous trees.
Arguably the most iconic toadstool species, the fly agaric is a large white-gilled, white-spotted, usually red mushroom, and is one of the most recognizable and widely encountered in popular culture.
Although classified as poisonous, reports of human deaths resulting from its ingestion are extremely rare. After parboiling—which weakens its toxicity and breaks down the mushroom's psychoactive substances—it is eaten in parts of Europe, Asia, and North America. Amanita muscaria is noted for its hallucinogenic properties, with its main psychoactive constituents being the compounds ibotenic acid and muscimol. The mushroom was used as an intoxicant and entheogen by the peoples of Siberia, and has a religious significance in these cultures. There has been much speculation on possible traditional use of this mushroom as an intoxicant in other places such as the Middle East, Eurasia, North America, and Scandinavia.
Amanita muscaria, commonly known as the fly agaric or fly amanita, is a poisonous and psychoactive basidiomycete fungus, one of many in the genus Amanita. Native throughout the temperate and boreal regions of the Northern Hemisphere, Amanita muscaria has been unintentionally introduced to many countries in the southern hemisphere, generally as a symbiont with pine plantations, and is now a true cosmopolitan species. It associates with various deciduous and coniferous trees.
The quintessential toadstool, it is a large white-gilled, white-spotted, usually red mushroom, one of the most recognisable and widely encountered in popular culture. Several subspecies with differing cap colour have been recognised, including the brown regalis (considered a separate species), the yellow-orange flavivolvata, guessowii, formosa, and the pinkish persicina. Genetic studies published in 2006 and 2008 show several sharply delineated clades that may represent separate species.
Although it is generally considered poisonous, there are few documented human deaths from its consumption, and after having been parboiled it is eaten as a food in parts of Europe, Asia, and North America. Amanita muscaria is noted for its hallucinogenic properties, with its main psychoactive constituent being the compound muscimol. The mushroom was used as an intoxicant and entheogen by the peoples of Siberia, and has a religious significance in these cultures. There has been much speculation on possible traditional use of this mushroom as an intoxicant in places other than Siberia, but such traditions are far less well documented. The American banker and amateur ethnomycologist R. Gordon Wasson proposed that the fly agaric was the soma of the ancient Rig Veda texts of India; since its introduction in 1968, this theory has gained both followers and detractors in anthropological literature.
Amanita muscaria, commonly known as the fly agaric or fly amanita, is a mushroom and psychoactive basidiomycete fungus, one of many in the genus Amanita. Native throughout the temperate and boreal regions of the Northern Hemisphere, Amanita muscaria has been unintentionally introduced to many countries in the Southern Hemisphere, generally as a symbiont with pine and birch plantations, and is now a true cosmopolitan species. It associates with various deciduous and coniferous trees.
Fly agaric (Amanita muscaria) in Vífilsstaðahlíð, southwest Iceland.
The fly agaric is well known for its hallucinogenic properties. Its main psychoactive constituent is ibotenic acid, a neurotoxin that is structurally related to two major neurotransmitters of the central nervous system. The reference to a fly in the name of this poisonous toadstool stems from the fact that ibotenic acid is an insecticide and it has been used as such for centuries.
I'm always excited to find these little gems.
Fly agaric is poisonous and infamous for its psychoactive and hallucinogenic properties. It is native to the UK where it grows in woodland and heathland on light soils among birch, pine or spruce.
Panther Cap (Amanita pantherina)
A relative of the Fly Agaric (Amanita muscaria) this is Amanita pantherina and contains the same psychoactive poison, muscolin, which is hallucinatory. Both species were used in the past in rituals by shamans who drank the urine of reindeer that had been fed on these mushrooms. The muscolin was not digested by the reindeer and was passed out in the urine, still giving enough hallucinating effects but without killing the shamans (which would probably have happened if they'd eaten the mushrooms themselves). What happened to the sky high reindeer is not recorded - maybe they developed red noses and a fondness for fat, bearded men who dressed in red.
I do like a good strong mug of black coffee.
Caffeine is a central nervous system stimulant of the methylxanthine class. It is the world's most widely consumed psychoactive drug.
I must be an addict!
Amanita pantherina var. pantherina, also known as the panther cap and false blusher due to its similarity to the true blusher (Amanita rubescens), is a species of fungus found in Europe and Western Asia.
Amanita pantherina contains the psychoactive compound muscimo but is used as an entheogen much less often than the related Amanita muscaria.
Toloache, Datura wrightii, at the Wildflower Center, Austin. Grows wild in much of the western half of Texas (and in much of southwestern US) but normally found like this, in gardens. Very large, beautiful flowers. The entire plant is poisonous and psychoactive.
Amanita muscaria
• Fly agaric / fly amanita
• Matamoscas / falsa oronja / oronja pintada
Scientific classification
Kingdom:Fungi
Division:Basidiomycota
Class:Agaricomycetes
Order:Agaricales
Family:Amanitaceae
Genus:Amanita
Species:A. muscaria
An Amanita mushroom emerges from the forest floor on the north slope of the San Francisco Peaks - Coconino National Forest, Arizona
{ L } Lightbox view is best
Ϙ View Large +
© All Rights Reserved
One of these things is not like the others.... contains psychoactive chemicals ibotenic acid and muscinol
No flies today, but a Fly Agaric:
Amanita muscaria, commonly known as the fly agaric or fly amanita, is a poisonous and psychoactive basidiomycete fungus, one of many in the genus Amanita. Native throughout the temperate and boreal regions of the Northern Hemisphere, Amanita muscaria has been unintentionally introduced to many countries in the southern hemisphere, generally as a symbiont with pine plantations, and is now a true cosmopolitan species. It associates with various deciduous and coniferous trees.
The quintessential toadstool, it is a large white-gilled, white-spotted, usually red mushroom, one of the most recognisable and widely encountered in popular culture. [....]
Although it is generally considered poisonous, there are few documented human deaths from its consumption, and after having been parboiled it is eaten as a food in parts of Europe, Asia, and North America. Amanita muscaria is noted for its hallucinogenic properties, with its main psychoactive constituent being the compound muscimol.
Magic :)
Source: Wikipedia
For my video; youtu.be/ckF1s6h4bEY?si=pX-gnIF7YT0l49jI,
Garden Village, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada.
Amanita muscaria, commonly known as the fly agaric or fly amanita, is a basidiomycete of the genus Amanita. Native throughout the temperate and boreal regions of the Northern Hemisphere, Amanita muscaria has been unintentionally introduced to many countries in the Southern Hemisphere, generally as a symbiont with pine and birch plantations, and is now a true cosmopolitan species. It associates with various deciduous and coniferous trees.
Although poisonous, death due to poisoning from A. muscaria ingestion is quite rare. Parboiling twice with water draining weakens its toxicity and breaks down the mushroom's psychoactive substances; it is eaten in parts of Europe, Asia, and North America. All Amanita muscaria varieties, but in particular A. muscaria var. muscaria, are noted for their hallucinogenic properties, with the main psychoactive constituents being muscimol and its neurotoxic precursor ibotenic acid. A local variety of the mushroom was used as an intoxicant and entheogen by the indigenous peoples of Siberia.
A sideways look at Amanita muscaria, the fly agaric toadstool. The sun on its red face produced a lovely orange glow between the gills.
California Poppy
Lava Beds National Monument, CA
The California Poppy (Eschscholzia californica) is a species in the family Papaveraceae. Its native habit includes California and extends to Oregon, Washington, Nevada, Arizona, New Mexico, Sonora, and northwest Baja California. It is used as food or a garnish and had various uses in indigenous herbalism. Native Americans of California have used the golden poppy for medicinal and psychoactive purposes since prehistoric times. (Wikipedia, US Forest Service-CA)
Oral CBD Prevented COVID-19 Infection in Real-World Patients, Study Suggests.
While not a substitute for vaccines, "CBD has the potential to prevent infections, such as breakthrough infections," the study's lead author said. Cannabidiol—the non-psychoactive cannabis compound better known as CBD—is a potent blocker of SARS-CoV-2 replication in human cells, new research shows. Not only that, but a survey of real-world patients taking prescribed CBD found a “significant” negative relationship between CBD consumption and COVID-19 infection.
As detailed in a paper published Thursday in the peer-reviewed journal Science Advances by a team of 33 researchers at the University of Chicago and University of Louisville, a survey of 1,212 U.S. patients taking prescribed CBD found that people taking 100 milligrams-per-milliliter oral doses of CBD returned positive COVID-19 tests at much lower rates than control groups with similar medical backgrounds who did not take CBD.
ADVERTISEMENT
According to the study, all of the patients were people who had seizure-related conditions, which CBD is often prescribed to treat. Of this group, 6.2 percent returned positive COVID-19 tests or a diagnosis, compared to 8.9 percent in the control group. Among a smaller subset of patients who were likely taking CBD on the dates of their first COVID-19 test, the effect was even more pronounced: Only 4.9 percent of people taking CBD became infected with COVID-19, compared to 9 percent in the control group.
"Our results suggest that CBD and its metabolite 7-OH-CBD can block SARS-CoV-2 infection at early and even later stages of infection,” the study states.
Besides looking at real-world data, the scientists conducted lab tests. Lead author Dr. Marsha Rosner, a professor in the Ben May Department for Cancer Research at the University of Chicago, and her team treated human lung cells for two hours with CBD before infecting them with SARS-CoV-2, and left them for 48 hours while monitoring them for the presence of the COVID spike protein. They found that CBD inhibits the replication of genes required for the growth and spread of the virus throughout the body. They performed the same tests on three COVID-19 variants and found the same result.
“As a bottom line, what this says is that CBD has the potential to prevent infections, such as breakthrough infections, which might be one of the most useful applications,” Rosner told Motherboard.
ADVERTISEMENT
The researchers strove to identify the mechanism through which CBD inhibited infection; while they found a negligible effect at the point at which viruses enter cells, they found CBD to be “very effective” at preventing protein expression in cells two and six hours after infection, and “partially effective” at doing so 15 hours after infection. They also found that CBD’s metabolite, 7-OH-CBD—the compound created in the body when CBD is processed in the liver and intestines—has similar antiviral effect and was non-toxic to cells.
The study offers strong evidence that CBD can treat and slow the transmission of COVID-19. It comes just one week after an initial revelation out of Oregon State University and Oregon Health & Sciences University that cannabis precursors (the acids that, when combusted, turn into CBD and THC) can halt the infection of cells by SARS-CoV-2 in lab tests.
Tech
A Q&A With the Scientist Who Discovered Cannabis Can Prevent COVID-19
AUDREY CARLETON
12.1.22
The authors of that study were careful to note that cannabis-derived products, while a potentially important public health intervention, are no substitute for vaccination campaigns. However, in the all-out fight to end the pandemic, they could end up becoming a much-needed supplement.
“Despite recent vaccine availability, SARS-CoV-2 is still spreading rapidly, highlighting the need for alternative treatments, especially for populations with limited inclination or access to vaccines,” the University of Chicago researchers write in their study.
ADVERTISEMENT
“What we don't want… is people just running out and thinking, ‘I can take CBD, and then I don't have to get vaccinated or I don't have to be masked,’” Rosner said. “This is what we really don't want to see.”
It seems like there’s a flood of scientific news about the promise of cannabis in preventing or treating COVID-19. Last week, a different group of researchers at the University of Waterloo in Ontario, Canada, identified CBD as a primer to a process called apoptosis, or natural cell death—in the case of COVID-19, their research suggests that CBD spurs on the death of infected cells, stopping viral spread in its tracks and slowing the transmission to others.
The studies, in tandem, contribute to a growing body of research identifying cannabis as a tool in the global COVID-19 response arsenal. Rosner and her team first laid the ground for this work in March of 2021, when they identified cannabidiol as a potential treatment for COVID-19 for its ability to hamper viral replication in lung cells in a lab. As detailed in a pre-print, the team found that in quantities similar to those that are prescribed as treatment for epilepsy, CBD inhibits the replication of genes that are required for viruses to spread throughout the body.
Rosner and her team caution against conflating their findings with the suggestion to use recreational cannabis as a treatment for COVID-19: THC may inhibit CBD’s antiviral effects, the authors note, and smoking is bad for your lungs. Without clinical trials, they also can’t recommend that people go out and buy CBD at a dispensary.
“We strongly caution against the temptation to take CBD in presently available formulations including edibles, inhalants or topicals as a preventative or treatment therapy at this time,” the authors write. “Especially without the knowledge of a rigorous randomized clinical trial with this natural product.”
Rosner notes that it’s impossible to know what CBD dosage and formula will be most effective at treating COVID-19 infection until her research moves into clinical trials on humans. After all, Rosner said, “we can only do so much in mice; we really need to do this in people.”
“We think it has a potential, both to be a preventative—so for instance, you can imagine that I'm going traveling and CBD is something that, if we can make the right product accessible, it should be widely available, it should be something people could anticipate needing,” she said. “Or you go and get tested and immediately start taking it. The hope is that it would prevent more serious disease, but we don't know yet. And we would need a clinical trial.” Source: www.vice.com/en/article/bvn743/oral-cbd-prevented-covid-1...