View allAll Photos Tagged Protractor
you belong with me - taylor swift
here's my other sister, beatrice!
and another one of my heart pictures. D:
sorry, i hope you guys don't get tired of them! i know i have a lot hahah. :)
so, i had my apush test today. it was so ridiculously hard ... aslkjdfsf. :( i know i bombed it for sure! it sucks cause i studied so harddd. but whatevs. i'm just glad it's over.
EEEP. i went off campus today for lunch! well, not really off campus. it's cause after the AP test i went with my friends to chipotle. :DD i felt soooo coool! hehe.
aww, and thank you meg for your kind testimonial! :D made me smileee!
explored #318.
The architect Robert Pflug was the owner and architect of this house at the corner of Krišjāņa Valdemāra Street and Rainis Boulevard in central Riga. Robert August Pflug was born in 1832 in St. Petersburg. From 1863 he began to live in Riga. In 1870, he graduated from the Imperial Academy of Arts in St Petersburg as an architectural academician. The architect died in 1885.
Construction of the house began in 1877, in an eclectic style, with prestigious apartments with many spacious and bright rooms on each side of the street. The building's architecture is noticeable from a distance, with its imposing and round dome/tower, medallions with symbolic portraits of historical figures on the facade, as well as the architect's working tools - a compass, a ruler, a protractor - as a sign of the professionalism of architects of the time.
Degrees with a few additions to our protractor, (think that's what it's called)?
This isn't my first entry to the group, if you want to see the others, then please click on the link in the album.
Better viewed large and thank you for your favourites.
The Pied Myna or Asian Pied Starling (Gracupica contra) is a species of starling found in the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia. They are usually found in small groups mainly on the plains and low foothills. They are often seen within cities and villages although they are not as bold as the common myna. They produce a range of calls made up of liquid notes. Several slight plumage variations exist in the populations and about five subspecies are named.
These #AsianPiedStarlings are usually found in small groups, foraging mainly on the ground but perching on trees and buildings. Birds in a group call frequently with a wide repertoire that includes whistles, trills, buzzes, clicks, and warbling calls. Young birds taken into captivity have been trained to imitate tunes of other birds.
Both sexes sing. They forage in fields, lawns and on open ground feeding on grains, fruit, insects, earthworms and molluscs usually taken from the ground. Like many other #starlings, they often use a prying or gaping action, piercing soil and then opening apart the bill to dislodge hidden food. The strong protractor muscles allow them to part a mat of grass and their eyes are positioned to obtain a binocular view of the space between the parted beak. They often feed in grazing land or among cattle.
The ability of these #mynas to mimic human voices made them popular as cagebirds. The #SemaNagas will not eat this bird as they believe it is the reincarnation of a human. They are considered to be generally beneficial because they eat many insects.
....and a little bit.
A stainless steel protractor / ruler combo which I rarely use.
Happy Macro Monday
A6600 + Venus Optics Laowa CF 65mm F2.8 CA-Dreamer Macro 2x ( E-mount, APS-C)
Geodreieck
In some European countries a common form of set square combines a 90-45-45 triangle, a ruler and a protractor into a single tool made of stiff or slightly flexible transparent plastic. Being a mandatory tool used by pupils in middle school and higher in German-speaking and neighbouring countries, this specific design is named "Geodreieck [de]" (short form of "Geometrie-Dreieck", meaning "geometry triangle") or similar. It was originally developed in 1964 by the German-Austrian manufacturer Dennert & Pape Aristo-Werke [de] (after several refirmations now Geotec Schul- und Bürowaren GmbH). Relatively uncommon in English-speaking countries, this is sometimes called a "protractor triangle", a term, however, also used for other similar designs. The original design has a hypotenuse length of 15.8 cm and features a 2×7 cm symmetry scale in millimeter and degree raster. Variants in larger sizes, with fixed or detachable handles, with or without bevelled edges (facets), and with or without ink nodules or embossed labels exist as well. Some variants have extra markings at angles of 7° and 42° (138° and 173°) in addition to the normal 45° and 90° markings to ease dimetric axonometry per ISO 5456-3, others feature angle scales in gons instead of degrees. Several other somewhat similar designs named "TZ-Dreieck" ("TZ triangle") exist for (larger) technical drawings (TZ from German: Technisches Zeichnen). The scale reaches from 10 to 10 cm, or even 11 to 11 cm.
So Kane got two yellow balloons for photos(thank you!!)...but one deflated, so I used the good one. :D We went up onto the hill behind my house and were standing around thinking of photo ideas when this rainbow appeared and well...you cant NOT use a rainbow when its just there taunting you. :)
Anyway tomorrow I have my first trial day at the college I'm going to in september (it doesn't do photography which is SO annoying) so tonight im going to be dithering over what to wear and hyperventilating about the thought of meeting all those new people! :/
Also today I almost fell asleep in the sun next to a stream with Ali She wasn't amused :) oh and big hugs for Becca who thought of the title. :) Please look here to make me happy?
Ahhhh. thank you, thank you, thank youuuuu to:
THANK YOU SO MUCH times loads. :D ill write you each one back right now even though I should really be getting ready for tomorrow haha. :) Thank you! xx
My husband and my father had to do some major construction on our garage this past weekend. I was in the yard taking pictures of butterflies and when I turned around and saw this on the ground. I thought it would be a perfect photo for the accidental numbers and letters group. That group really has me thinking.
Canon EOS 7D Mark II
EF400mm f/2.8L II USM +1.4x+1.4x
784mm (1176mm) f/5.49
The common starling (Sturnus vulgaris), also known as the European starling, or in the British Isles just the starling, is a medium-sized passerine bird in the starling family, Sturnidae. It is about 20 cm (8 in) long and has glossy black plumage with a metallic sheen, which is speckled with white at some times of year. The legs are pink and the bill is black in winter and yellow in summer; young birds have browner plumage than the adults. It is a noisy bird, especially in communal roosts and other gregarious situations, with an unmusical but varied song. Its gift for mimicry has been noted in literature including the Mabinogion and the works of Pliny the Elder and William Shakespeare.
The common starling has about a dozen subspecies breeding in open habitats across its native range in temperate Europe and western Asia, and it has been introduced to Australia, New Zealand, Canada, United States, Mexico, Peru, Argentina, the Falkland Islands, Brazil, Chile, Uruguay, South Africa and Fiji. This bird is resident in southern and western Europe and southwestern Asia, while northeastern populations migrate south and west in winter within the breeding range and also further south to Iberia and North Africa. The common starling builds an untidy nest in a natural or artificial cavity in which four or five glossy, pale blue eggs are laid. These take two weeks to hatch and the young remain in the nest for another three weeks. There are normally one or two breeding attempts each year. This species is omnivorous, taking a wide range of invertebrates, as well as seeds and fruit. It is hunted by various mammals and birds of prey, and is host to a range of external and internal parasites.
Large flocks typical of this species can be beneficial to agriculture by controlling invertebrate pests; however, starlings can also be pests themselves when they feed on fruit and sprouting crops. Common starlings may also be a nuisance through the noise and mess caused by their large urban roosts. Introduced populations in particular have been subjected to a range of controls, including culling, but these have had limited success except in preventing the colonisation of Western Australia. The species has declined in numbers in parts of northern and western Europe since the 1980s due to fewer grassland invertebrates being available as food for growing chicks. Despite this, its huge global population is not thought to be declining significantly, so the common starling is classified as being of least concern by the International Union for Conservation of Nature.
The common starling is 19–23 cm (7.5–9.1 in) long, with a wingspan of 31–44 cm (12–17 in) and a weight of 58–101 g (2.0–3.6 oz). Among standard measurements, the wing chord is 11.8 to 13.8 cm (4.6 to 5.4 in), the tail is 5.8 to 6.8 cm (2.3 to 2.7 in), the culmen is 2.5 to 3.2 cm (0.98 to 1.26 in) and the tarsus is 2.7 to 3.2 cm The plumage is iridescent black, glossed purple or green, and spangled with white, especially in winter. The underparts of adult male common starlings are less spotted than those of adult females at a given time of year. The throat feathers of males are long and loose and are used in display while those of females are smaller and more pointed. The legs are stout and pinkish- or greyish-red. The bill is narrow and conical with a sharp tip; in the winter it is brownish-black but in summer, females have lemon yellow beaks while males have yellow bills with blue-grey bases. Moulting occurs once a year- in late summer after the breeding season has finished; the fresh feathers are prominently tipped white (breast feathers) or buff (wing and back feathers), which gives the bird a speckled appearance. The reduction in the spotting in the breeding season is achieved through the white feather tips largely wearing off. Juveniles are grey-brown and by their first winter resemble adults though often retaining some brown juvenile feathering, especially on the head. They can usually be sexed by the colour of the irises, rich brown in males, mouse-brown or grey in females. Estimating the contrast between an iris and the central always-dark pupil is 97% accurate in determining sex, rising to 98% if the length of the throat feathers is also considered. The common starling is mid-sized by both starling standards and passerine standards. It is readily distinguished from other mid-sized passerines, such as thrushes, icterids or small corvids, by its relatively short tail, sharp, blade-like bill, round-bellied shape and strong, sizeable (and rufous-coloured) legs. In flight, its strongly pointed wings and dark colouration are distinctive, while on the ground its strange, somewhat waddling gait is also characteristic. The colouring and build usually distinguish this bird from other starlings, although the closely related spotless starling may be physically distinguished by the lack of iridescent spots in adult breeding plumage.
Like most terrestrial starlings the common starling moves by walking or running, rather than hopping. Their flight is quite strong and direct; their triangular-shaped wings beat very rapidly, and periodically the birds glide for a short way without losing much height before resuming powered flight. When in a flock, the birds take off almost simultaneously, wheel and turn in unison, form a compact mass or trail off into a wispy stream, bunch up again and land in a coordinated fashion. Common starling on migration can fly at 60–80 km/h (37–50 mph) and cover up to 1,000–1,500 km (620–930 mi).
Several terrestrial starlings, including those in the genus Sturnus, have adaptations of the skull and muscles that help with feeding by probing. This adaptation is most strongly developed in the common starling (along with the spotless and white-cheeked starlings), where the protractor muscles responsible for opening the jaw are enlarged and the skull is narrow, allowing the eye to be moved forward to peer down the length of the bill. This technique involves inserting the bill into the ground and opening it as a way of searching for hidden food items. Common starlings have the physical traits that enable them to use this feeding technique, which has undoubtedly helped the species spread far and wide.
In Iberia, the western Mediterranean and northwest Africa, the common starling may be confused with the closely related spotless starling, the plumage of which, as its name implies, has a more uniform colour. At close range it can be seen that the latter has longer throat feathers, a fact particularly noticeable when it sings.
The common starling is a noisy bird. Its song consists of a wide variety of both melodic and mechanical-sounding noises as part of a ritual succession of sounds. The male is the main songster and engages in bouts of song lasting for a minute or more. Each of these typically includes four varieties of song type, which follow each other in a regular order without pause. The bout starts with a series of pure-tone whistles and these are followed by the main part of the song, a number of variable sequences that often incorporate snatches of song mimicked from other species of bird and various naturally occurring or man-made noises. The structure and simplicity of the sound mimicked is of greater importance than the frequency with which it occurs. Each sound clip is repeated several times before the bird moves on to the next. After this variable section comes a number of types of repeated clicks followed by a final burst of high-frequency song, again formed of several types. Each bird has its own repertoire with more proficient birds having a range of up to 35 variable song types and as many as 14 types of clicks.
The top of a Compass, Protractor, old Calculator. All of which my husband still uses in the garage building things.
I am lost on the wingless Mercury porch to chase my echo.
I am dominated by Queen Medusa, sitting in her green velvet chair with nine silver dogs beside her.
I am now in labyrinths of anise, where gentle butlers smile smoothly. They greet me cordially, wandering centaurs in the lilac pastures outside.
I ride on lace reindeer at a mad speed to reach, in anguish, to reach their nylon hair that adorns the flag of dreams.
And there I go.
I am running in the blood of the green veins of an idea that has sprung from the source of the past year.
I sit in yellow. I'm crying in hyperbole! I'm lost on the balcony of Mércurio without wings to chase my echo. I'm in cosmic space. In the plasmibiosis of the universe that looms and swallows me. I am billions of light years away from myself.
Glossy wax people drag their bodies towards the door of nowhere. Chlorophyll juice bubbles in green foams in bronze mugs, where dwarves drink without a mouth.
Now where I am I don't know.
I never knew.
Am I at the summit of the rainbow, the purple part of that protractor?
I do not know. It doesn't even matter.
Sitting alone, without fear of falling, at seven o'clock in colors and a mixture, I land quietly on pluto, mounted on a giant butterfly, quiet, quiet and colorful.
Peaceful landing on pluto, with an umbrella.
And the rain does not promise to leave traces.
For those of you who are interested, this is my own design and built of a star tracker. I got the idea during the first Corona virus lockdown in march last year. I finally managed to put it all together and used this set up (but with a different lens) to take the photo of the Orion nebula in my previous upload.
The concept of my design is based on the typical commercially available star trackers. I used a stepper motor with 720:1 reduction gearbox via 4:1 pinion gears to rotate the camera mounting platform. For the electronics I used an Arduino Nano chip and an LV8729 stepper driver. I am using two built-in Li-ion batteries in series as my power source. I have run it continuously for an hour with no trouble. I placed all this inside a small purpose built wooden case. The three silver pushbuttons on the side of the box are for power on/off, tracking direction and enable tracking.
It took me a while to find the most stable setup with reasonably good balance.
I use a compass and electronic protractor to help me align to the celestial south pole.
Why did I design and build my own? Partly to save money and partly because I like tinkering.
It is not perfect by any means so that leaves me to tinker some more.
Azimut-Einstellung eines Rundblickfernrohrs (Wild Heerbrugg) der Schweizer Armee (rechts hinten unscharf die Grobskala)
---
Azimuth adjustment of a panoramic telescope (Wild Heerbrugg) of the Swiss Armed Forces (right back blurred the coarse scale)
You can also follow my work on Instagram ;D
www.instagram.com/yasha_jakovsky/
No more bad marks, summer is our
Now we can swim or scout
It is turnabout in our life.
School S.U.C.K.S. school was like blackout for us
Now we can shout freedom, goodbye boredom!
Without school it will be so cool.
We will not miss school, what about you ???
Written by Yasha Jakovsky
www.youtube.com/watch?v=L8XeX_5IIWA
Song for you ;o)
On the photo you can see my funny vision of last day of school (physical education). On the photo we can see female lion evil teacher that really enjoy to "torture" her pupil on the last day of school.
This teacher remind me a little of my elementary teacher, she didn't like boys pupil. I think school shoud learn us about creativity not to memorize some boring text (what is a purpose of that???). I think I loose 12 years in school + 5 year at university. I think I spend my best part of life sitting in a chair near school / university bench. I think school can be interesting if we change many things. I think if we stop with stupid memorizing exams than we can succeed.
Can you imagine subject in which children learn to play guitar, piano, keyboards but not for exam, or learn how to do good photos, learn how to mix music like a D.J. or girls can learn how to sew on machine, or how to cook nice food. In my vision of school exams will not exist or marks. I think it is stupidity to ask people or student on university to memorize book or books, that means that USB stick is smarter than a human because on USB stick we can put 1000 books without a problem. I don't understand why children at 21 century need to memorize multiplication table ??? Every cheap mobile phone have calculator.
In my photo I used my brother's pionir red book and pionir red star so photo have more retro look from 1980's (I was first generation that wasn't pionir). Big pen my family bought somewhere in the 1980's. Small Cap bag was mine from high school when I bought my school bag, small bag was attached as pendant. Small plastic ruler I found in my pencil box from elementary school. In my idea I also used pen eraser, pencil sharpener and protractor. I think I explain everything here ;o).
Location is on the beach near electrics office in Zadar.
P.s. Photo was explored on Flickr, place 394 / 500
Here is the line of Mercury, Venus and the waxing quarter Moon across the evening sky on February 2, 2020. This illustrated version shows how the quarter Moon forms a 90° right angle with the Sun (here just below the horizon), which is why it is a quarter Moon phase. When the Moon is 90° from the Sun (either waxing or waning) we see half of its face illuminated by the Sun. When it is 180° away from the Sun we see 100% of its face illuminated in a Full Moon.
Mercury and Venus always appear much closer to the Sun, with Mercury never more than about 18° from the Sun. Mercury was at its greatest elongation of 18° on Feb. 10 this year, just over a week after this image was taken. On this evening it was about 15° from the Sun.
Venus never gets more than about 47° from the Sun, and its greatest elongation date this year in 2020 was March 24. On this date, Feb 2, it was 41° from the Sun.
I’ve indicated those angles, though the actual measured angles on the image are less than those figures, as they should be measured from the camera not from a point in front of the camera as I’ve shown. This is just for illustration purposes! Put your protractors away!
This is a single image with the 14mm Sigma lens and Nikon D750. Taken from home in Alberta from a latitude of 51° N.
Was amazed to see that they still sell this...the Helix Oxford set of mathematical instruments. 2 set squares, a protractor, a pair of compasses, a ruler, pencil and sharpener and an eraser all in an embossed tin and all for only 2 quid! Couldn't resist. Another shot for Macro Monday back to school.
Shot taken for Saturday Self Challenge 02/04/2022 ----
Measurement and units of measurement . However , not used in the end .
My first thoughts were to work with the measurement of Albedo , but this form of measurement is on a scale and not with any units - so then back to a previous life for this week’s challenge .
Righto , back to the 1970s then when I was a land surveyor and that was all about measurement , there was linear albeit imperial or metric measurement and there was angular measurement ie Degrees-Minutes & Seconds .
For any large scale survey , it could be linked to the National Grid system of the Ordnance Survey by the network of Triangulation Pillars throughout the United Kingdom . Here we see one of the 6,500 or so pillars and this one is on Box Hill overlooking Dorking and southern Surrey - like many showing signs of wear and without the usual white paint . What you can see on the top is the 3 pronged brass inset plate in which a theodolite would sit and straight away be accurately centered . In the first comment box is another view of the trig pillar here with the elevation bracket and trig number - and for a laugh a terrible old shot of me working with a theodolite , this time on a tri-pod .
Of course it is all GPS now and fancy bits of kit that I would be lost on nowadays , at least doing the job old school you had to know the fundamentals and not rely on tec to do the work - no more computations with giant log, sine,cosine and tangent tables to 10 or so decimal places - just a push of the button to convert polar to rectangular co-ordinates !!
Triangulation Pillars --
Trigpoints are the common name for "triangulation pillars". These are concrete pillars, about 4' tall, which were used by the Ordnance Survey in order to determine the exact shape of the country. They are generally located on the highest bit of ground in the area, so that there is a direct line of sight from one to the next. By sitting a theodolite (an accurate protractor built into a telescope) on the top of the pillar, accurate angles between pairs of nearby trigpoints could be measured. This process is called "triangulation".
A major project to map out the shape of Great Britain began in 1936. The network of triangulation pillars, with accurately known positions, led to the excellent OS maps which we enjoy today. The coordinate system used on these maps is known as the "National Grid", and it is essential that you are familiar with this system if you are to get the most of OS maps. The OS provide an introduction to the National Grid on their website.
Baseline measurement - measuring size
The triangulation pillars determined the exact shape of the country, but what about distances? Triangulation itself only shows you the shape of the land, not the scale. The scale of the mapping was determined in 1784 by laying a series of glass rods along Hounslow Heath. Using this single measurement, plus the network of triangulation pillars, the size and shape of the country was determined to within about 20m!
Fundamental Benchmarks - measuring profile
In order to determine heights, a different type of surveying was required. Around 200 "fundamental bench marks" (or FBMs) were located across the country. These consist of an underground chamber topped by a small pillar. Between these 200 FBMs, around 750,000 "lower order benchmarks" were scratched into walls etc. Precise levelling built up a picture of the profile of the land, giving rise to the spot heights and contour lines you see on today's maps.
Newlyn Tide Gauge - measuring sea level
Just as the triangulation pillars determined the shape of the land, but not its size, the FBMs determine the profile, but not the absolute height. In order to define a zero height, the sea level, measured by a tide gauge in Newlyn, Cornwall was averaged over a period of 6 years from 1915 to 1921. This gave "Mean Sea Level" (MSL) and all heights on OS maps are quoted as height above mean sea level.
The modern era - GPS
Nowadays, most of the monuments described above have fallen into disuse. However a number of the old triangulation pillars and FBMs, along with various newly installed bolts and rivets, now form the "Passive Station" network. This is a set of around 1000 locations which have been accurately measured using GPS (Global Positioning System) technology. There are also about 30 "active stations" which transmit positional information, in much the same way as the GPS satellites, which can be received by survey-quality GPS receivers. Accurate locations of both active and passive stations are published on the OS's National GPS Network website.
( info - trigpointing uk )
For a sight & sound -AC/DC
Moore & Wright 0-1" micrometer.
Moore & Wright depth gauge protractor.
Pentel P207 0.7mm pencil
Zeus Precision data chart and reference tables booklet.
Myers enamel grey clip board.
2 lights, 1 low to the bottom right and 1 into reflector to the left with daylight from window from top right.
In this canine romp, brightly coloured poodles engage in various sexual acts. The playful painting exemplifies General idea’s determination to represent sexuality t a time when it was considered off limits in the art world. It likewise attests to the artists’ use of humour as a critical strategy. Stylized as silhouettes in yellow, orange and pink, the neon dogs echo the bold colours sometimes found in American abstract paintings of the 1960s and 1970s – particularly frank Stella’s Protractor series.
If that guy could be a little bit generous letting me know about this site just one day before,
www.mooncalc.org/#/40.5828,-73.9309,14/2016.08.18/15:29/1
I definitely could have a better shot with the moon right over the " Marine Parkway Bridge " instead of this Rockaway !
Actually I asked him for help after he took the shot of the moon over the Statue of Liberty. I have learned about the " azimuth "
of the moon rising was @ 102 degrees @ 8:02 pm against the sunset 7:49 pm @ 288 degrees. However with just only this reading, I couldn't figure out where should I put my camera on ? If I had a protractor which I used in the secondary school age, then I still could estimate where to place the camera !
So I sat on the wrong place in the " Manhattan Beach " the far eastern part of the Coney Island, Actually the right place is on the end of the " Brigham street " in Sheepshead Bay " or the Plumb Beach !
The Chart, Protractor and the circular slide rule side of a "Whizz Wheel" shown here are the very old school tools of the trade of aircraft navigators.
These day it is all done on a laptop or tablet but I like to teach the old school ways of doing it as it encourages a proper understanding of what is happening when planning a flight
Desk for Macro Mondays
#109 Utensils for 123 pictures in 2023
...sohelpmegod I'll... er... *attempts to look menacing* ...I'll unleash the full fury of my furious fury.
Yes.
I don't know where you've heard it, but weak lemon drink is *stirred*, not shaken. And stirred precisely 14 times clockwise before you rotate the glass 273 degrees counter clockwise and add the love. Not 272, not 274, but 273 degrees. I have a protractor if you need. And if you add the love before then, you risk creating a tear in the very fabric of life itself.
Do you want to be responsible for that?
Do you?
I know you'd love to:
Canon EOS 7D Mark II
EF600mm f/4L IS USM +1.4x III
The common starling (Sturnus vulgaris), also known as the European starling, or in the British Isles just the starling, is a medium-sized passerine bird in the starling family, Sturnidae. It is about 20 cm (8 in) long and has glossy black plumage with a metallic sheen, which is speckled with white at some times of year. The legs are pink and the bill is black in winter and yellow in summer; young birds have browner plumage than the adults. It is a noisy bird, especially in communal roosts and other gregarious situations, with an unmusical but varied song. Its gift for mimicry has been noted in literature including the Mabinogion and the works of Pliny the Elder and William Shakespeare.
The common starling has about a dozen subspecies breeding in open habitats across its native range in temperate Europe and western Asia, and it has been introduced to Australia, New Zealand, Canada, United States, Mexico, Peru, Argentina, the Falkland Islands, Brazil, Chile, Uruguay, South Africa and Fiji. This bird is resident in southern and western Europe and southwestern Asia, while northeastern populations migrate south and west in winter within the breeding range and also further south to Iberia and North Africa. The common starling builds an untidy nest in a natural or artificial cavity in which four or five glossy, pale blue eggs are laid. These take two weeks to hatch and the young remain in the nest for another three weeks. There are normally one or two breeding attempts each year. This species is omnivorous, taking a wide range of invertebrates, as well as seeds and fruit. It is hunted by various mammals and birds of prey, and is host to a range of external and internal parasites.
Large flocks typical of this species can be beneficial to agriculture by controlling invertebrate pests; however, starlings can also be pests themselves when they feed on fruit and sprouting crops. Common starlings may also be a nuisance through the noise and mess caused by their large urban roosts. Introduced populations in particular have been subjected to a range of controls, including culling, but these have had limited success except in preventing the colonisation of Western Australia. The species has declined in numbers in parts of northern and western Europe since the 1980s due to fewer grassland invertebrates being available as food for growing chicks. Despite this, its huge global population is not thought to be declining significantly, so the common starling is classified as being of least concern by the International Union for Conservation of Nature.
The common starling is 19–23 cm (7.5–9.1 in) long, with a wingspan of 31–44 cm (12–17 in) and a weight of 58–101 g (2.0–3.6 oz). Among standard measurements, the wing chord is 11.8 to 13.8 cm (4.6 to 5.4 in), the tail is 5.8 to 6.8 cm (2.3 to 2.7 in), the culmen is 2.5 to 3.2 cm (0.98 to 1.26 in) and the tarsus is 2.7 to 3.2 cm The plumage is iridescent black, glossed purple or green, and spangled with white, especially in winter. The underparts of adult male common starlings are less spotted than those of adult females at a given time of year. The throat feathers of males are long and loose and are used in display while those of females are smaller and more pointed. The legs are stout and pinkish- or greyish-red. The bill is narrow and conical with a sharp tip; in the winter it is brownish-black but in summer, females have lemon yellow beaks while males have yellow bills with blue-grey bases. Moulting occurs once a year- in late summer after the breeding season has finished; the fresh feathers are prominently tipped white (breast feathers) or buff (wing and back feathers), which gives the bird a speckled appearance. The reduction in the spotting in the breeding season is achieved through the white feather tips largely wearing off. Juveniles are grey-brown and by their first winter resemble adults though often retaining some brown juvenile feathering, especially on the head. They can usually be sexed by the colour of the irises, rich brown in males, mouse-brown or grey in females. Estimating the contrast between an iris and the central always-dark pupil is 97% accurate in determining sex, rising to 98% if the length of the throat feathers is also considered. The common starling is mid-sized by both starling standards and passerine standards. It is readily distinguished from other mid-sized passerines, such as thrushes, icterids or small corvids, by its relatively short tail, sharp, blade-like bill, round-bellied shape and strong, sizeable (and rufous-coloured) legs. In flight, its strongly pointed wings and dark colouration are distinctive, while on the ground its strange, somewhat waddling gait is also characteristic. The colouring and build usually distinguish this bird from other starlings, although the closely related spotless starling may be physically distinguished by the lack of iridescent spots in adult breeding plumage.
Like most terrestrial starlings the common starling moves by walking or running, rather than hopping. Their flight is quite strong and direct; their triangular-shaped wings beat very rapidly, and periodically the birds glide for a short way without losing much height before resuming powered flight. When in a flock, the birds take off almost simultaneously, wheel and turn in unison, form a compact mass or trail off into a wispy stream, bunch up again and land in a coordinated fashion. Common starling on migration can fly at 60–80 km/h (37–50 mph) and cover up to 1,000–1,500 km (620–930 mi).
Several terrestrial starlings, including those in the genus Sturnus, have adaptations of the skull and muscles that help with feeding by probing. This adaptation is most strongly developed in the common starling (along with the spotless and white-cheeked starlings), where the protractor muscles responsible for opening the jaw are enlarged and the skull is narrow, allowing the eye to be moved forward to peer down the length of the bill. This technique involves inserting the bill into the ground and opening it as a way of searching for hidden food items. Common starlings have the physical traits that enable them to use this feeding technique, which has undoubtedly helped the species spread far and wide.
In Iberia, the western Mediterranean and northwest Africa, the common starling may be confused with the closely related spotless starling, the plumage of which, as its name implies, has a more uniform colour. At close range it can be seen that the latter has longer throat feathers, a fact particularly noticeable when it sings.
The common starling is a noisy bird. Its song consists of a wide variety of both melodic and mechanical-sounding noises as part of a ritual succession of sounds. The male is the main songster and engages in bouts of song lasting for a minute or more. Each of these typically includes four varieties of song type, which follow each other in a regular order without pause. The bout starts with a series of pure-tone whistles and these are followed by the main part of the song, a number of variable sequences that often incorporate snatches of song mimicked from other species of bird and various naturally occurring or man-made noises. The structure and simplicity of the sound mimicked is of greater importance than the frequency with which it occurs. Each sound clip is repeated several times before the bird moves on to the next. After this variable section comes a number of types of repeated clicks followed by a final burst of high-frequency song, again formed of several types. Each bird has its own repertoire with more proficient birds having a range of up to 35 variable song types and as many as 14 types of clicks.
Recently, the frequency of views and favs is increasing rapidly (in a lot of times, it is about 700 times in one photo in a day), it does not mean that comments are included. Although it is just a picture of a wrist watch, it was wonder why the number of views is increasing.
I did not get a little feeling yesterday, so when I put the pictures I made before without capture, there is no reaction.
Perhaps you guys are no reactions, but you watch and read a picture and capture firmly, are not you? At least today I decided to think so. Comments are greatly appreciated.
It is "Gyro Marvel". It is generally dirty. It is a normal operation item, but the bruise is terrible. However, this dirty condition is very good. It is one of my favorites.
The case width is 35 mm, a little small. What is more characteristic is the thickness of the case. Because of the thickness of the machine the case will be quite thick. It was "Seiko Matic" (Automatic volume 3rd generation) that overcomes it, and it was mentioned that it was the 83 series Matic after that.
I wish to put a comparative photograph on how thick it was (I took it the other day, but something is not beautiful. . .
So, I thought of it. For days. And I just noticed. The angle of the rug is very characteristic! It seems to be standing when put on a table. It is exaggeration.
I borrowed a protractor for a child and measured the angle. Because it is visual, it is rough ... but it was 40 degrees! ! !
最近、やたらとviewsやfavsの回数が増えていますが（多い時には1日で一枚の写真に700回ぐらい）、コメントが入るわけでもなく、ただの時計の写真なのになぜだろうと不思議でした。
昨日ちょっと気持ちが乗らなかったので、以前ボツにした写真をキャプチャーなしで載せたところ、まぁ反応がないですね。
ひょっとしたら皆さんノーリアクションですが、写真とかキャプチャーとかしっかり見て読んでくれているんですね。少なくとも今日の私はそう思うことにしました。コメントは大歓迎です。
写真の個体はジャイロマーベルです。一般的には汚いです。正常稼働品ですが、傷みがひどいです。ですが、この汚れ具合がとてもいいのです。私のお気に入りの一つです。
ケース幅は35ミリ、少し小ぶりです。さらに特徴的なのはケースの厚み。機械の厚みがあるためケースはかなり厚い部類になります。それを克服したのが自動巻3代目のセイコーマチックであり、その後の83系マチックであることは先日記載しました。
どれだけ厚いか、比較写真を載せればいいのですが（先日撮りましたけど）、なんか美しくない。。。
そこで、私なりに考えました。何日も。そしてさっき気づきました。ラグの角度がとても特徴的なことに！台に置くと立っているように見えます。極端ですが。
子供に分度器を借りて角度を測りました。目視なので大体ですが・・・40度ありました！！！
Canon EOS 7D Mark II
EF400mm f/2.8L II USM +1.4x+1.4x
784mm (1176mm) f/5.49
The common starling (Sturnus vulgaris), also known as the European starling, or in the British Isles just the starling, is a medium-sized passerine bird in the starling family, Sturnidae. It is about 20 cm (8 in) long and has glossy black plumage with a metallic sheen, which is speckled with white at some times of year. The legs are pink and the bill is black in winter and yellow in summer; young birds have browner plumage than the adults. It is a noisy bird, especially in communal roosts and other gregarious situations, with an unmusical but varied song. Its gift for mimicry has been noted in literature including the Mabinogion and the works of Pliny the Elder and William Shakespeare.
The common starling has about a dozen subspecies breeding in open habitats across its native range in temperate Europe and western Asia, and it has been introduced to Australia, New Zealand, Canada, United States, Mexico, Peru, Argentina, the Falkland Islands, Brazil, Chile, Uruguay, South Africa and Fiji. This bird is resident in southern and western Europe and southwestern Asia, while northeastern populations migrate south and west in winter within the breeding range and also further south to Iberia and North Africa. The common starling builds an untidy nest in a natural or artificial cavity in which four or five glossy, pale blue eggs are laid. These take two weeks to hatch and the young remain in the nest for another three weeks. There are normally one or two breeding attempts each year. This species is omnivorous, taking a wide range of invertebrates, as well as seeds and fruit. It is hunted by various mammals and birds of prey, and is host to a range of external and internal parasites.
Large flocks typical of this species can be beneficial to agriculture by controlling invertebrate pests; however, starlings can also be pests themselves when they feed on fruit and sprouting crops. Common starlings may also be a nuisance through the noise and mess caused by their large urban roosts. Introduced populations in particular have been subjected to a range of controls, including culling, but these have had limited success except in preventing the colonisation of Western Australia. The species has declined in numbers in parts of northern and western Europe since the 1980s due to fewer grassland invertebrates being available as food for growing chicks. Despite this, its huge global population is not thought to be declining significantly, so the common starling is classified as being of least concern by the International Union for Conservation of Nature.
The common starling is 19–23 cm (7.5–9.1 in) long, with a wingspan of 31–44 cm (12–17 in) and a weight of 58–101 g (2.0–3.6 oz). Among standard measurements, the wing chord is 11.8 to 13.8 cm (4.6 to 5.4 in), the tail is 5.8 to 6.8 cm (2.3 to 2.7 in), the culmen is 2.5 to 3.2 cm (0.98 to 1.26 in) and the tarsus is 2.7 to 3.2 cm The plumage is iridescent black, glossed purple or green, and spangled with white, especially in winter. The underparts of adult male common starlings are less spotted than those of adult females at a given time of year. The throat feathers of males are long and loose and are used in display while those of females are smaller and more pointed. The legs are stout and pinkish- or greyish-red. The bill is narrow and conical with a sharp tip; in the winter it is brownish-black but in summer, females have lemon yellow beaks while males have yellow bills with blue-grey bases. Moulting occurs once a year- in late summer after the breeding season has finished; the fresh feathers are prominently tipped white (breast feathers) or buff (wing and back feathers), which gives the bird a speckled appearance. The reduction in the spotting in the breeding season is achieved through the white feather tips largely wearing off. Juveniles are grey-brown and by their first winter resemble adults though often retaining some brown juvenile feathering, especially on the head. They can usually be sexed by the colour of the irises, rich brown in males, mouse-brown or grey in females. Estimating the contrast between an iris and the central always-dark pupil is 97% accurate in determining sex, rising to 98% if the length of the throat feathers is also considered. The common starling is mid-sized by both starling standards and passerine standards. It is readily distinguished from other mid-sized passerines, such as thrushes, icterids or small corvids, by its relatively short tail, sharp, blade-like bill, round-bellied shape and strong, sizeable (and rufous-coloured) legs. In flight, its strongly pointed wings and dark colouration are distinctive, while on the ground its strange, somewhat waddling gait is also characteristic. The colouring and build usually distinguish this bird from other starlings, although the closely related spotless starling may be physically distinguished by the lack of iridescent spots in adult breeding plumage.
Like most terrestrial starlings the common starling moves by walking or running, rather than hopping. Their flight is quite strong and direct; their triangular-shaped wings beat very rapidly, and periodically the birds glide for a short way without losing much height before resuming powered flight. When in a flock, the birds take off almost simultaneously, wheel and turn in unison, form a compact mass or trail off into a wispy stream, bunch up again and land in a coordinated fashion. Common starling on migration can fly at 60–80 km/h (37–50 mph) and cover up to 1,000–1,500 km (620–930 mi).
Several terrestrial starlings, including those in the genus Sturnus, have adaptations of the skull and muscles that help with feeding by probing. This adaptation is most strongly developed in the common starling (along with the spotless and white-cheeked starlings), where the protractor muscles responsible for opening the jaw are enlarged and the skull is narrow, allowing the eye to be moved forward to peer down the length of the bill. This technique involves inserting the bill into the ground and opening it as a way of searching for hidden food items. Common starlings have the physical traits that enable them to use this feeding technique, which has undoubtedly helped the species spread far and wide.
In Iberia, the western Mediterranean and northwest Africa, the common starling may be confused with the closely related spotless starling, the plumage of which, as its name implies, has a more uniform colour. At close range it can be seen that the latter has longer throat feathers, a fact particularly noticeable when it sings.
The common starling is a noisy bird. Its song consists of a wide variety of both melodic and mechanical-sounding noises as part of a ritual succession of sounds. The male is the main songster and engages in bouts of song lasting for a minute or more. Each of these typically includes four varieties of song type, which follow each other in a regular order without pause. The bout starts with a series of pure-tone whistles and these are followed by the main part of the song, a number of variable sequences that often incorporate snatches of song mimicked from other species of bird and various naturally occurring or man-made noises. The structure and simplicity of the sound mimicked is of greater importance than the frequency with which it occurs. Each sound clip is repeated several times before the bird moves on to the next. After this variable section comes a number of types of repeated clicks followed by a final burst of high-frequency song, again formed of several types. Each bird has its own repertoire with more proficient birds having a range of up to 35 variable song types and as many as 14 types of clicks.
Canon EOS 7D Mark II
EF600mm f/4L IS USM +1.4x III
The common starling (Sturnus vulgaris), also known as the European starling, or in the British Isles just the starling, is a medium-sized passerine bird in the starling family, Sturnidae. It is about 20 cm (8 in) long and has glossy black plumage with a metallic sheen, which is speckled with white at some times of year. The legs are pink and the bill is black in winter and yellow in summer; young birds have browner plumage than the adults. It is a noisy bird, especially in communal roosts and other gregarious situations, with an unmusical but varied song. Its gift for mimicry has been noted in literature including the Mabinogion and the works of Pliny the Elder and William Shakespeare.
The common starling has about a dozen subspecies breeding in open habitats across its native range in temperate Europe and western Asia, and it has been introduced to Australia, New Zealand, Canada, United States, Mexico, Peru, Argentina, the Falkland Islands, Brazil, Chile, Uruguay, South Africa and Fiji. This bird is resident in southern and western Europe and southwestern Asia, while northeastern populations migrate south and west in winter within the breeding range and also further south to Iberia and North Africa. The common starling builds an untidy nest in a natural or artificial cavity in which four or five glossy, pale blue eggs are laid. These take two weeks to hatch and the young remain in the nest for another three weeks. There are normally one or two breeding attempts each year. This species is omnivorous, taking a wide range of invertebrates, as well as seeds and fruit. It is hunted by various mammals and birds of prey, and is host to a range of external and internal parasites.
Large flocks typical of this species can be beneficial to agriculture by controlling invertebrate pests; however, starlings can also be pests themselves when they feed on fruit and sprouting crops. Common starlings may also be a nuisance through the noise and mess caused by their large urban roosts. Introduced populations in particular have been subjected to a range of controls, including culling, but these have had limited success except in preventing the colonisation of Western Australia. The species has declined in numbers in parts of northern and western Europe since the 1980s due to fewer grassland invertebrates being available as food for growing chicks. Despite this, its huge global population is not thought to be declining significantly, so the common starling is classified as being of least concern by the International Union for Conservation of Nature.
The common starling is 19–23 cm (7.5–9.1 in) long, with a wingspan of 31–44 cm (12–17 in) and a weight of 58–101 g (2.0–3.6 oz). Among standard measurements, the wing chord is 11.8 to 13.8 cm (4.6 to 5.4 in), the tail is 5.8 to 6.8 cm (2.3 to 2.7 in), the culmen is 2.5 to 3.2 cm (0.98 to 1.26 in) and the tarsus is 2.7 to 3.2 cm The plumage is iridescent black, glossed purple or green, and spangled with white, especially in winter. The underparts of adult male common starlings are less spotted than those of adult females at a given time of year. The throat feathers of males are long and loose and are used in display while those of females are smaller and more pointed. The legs are stout and pinkish- or greyish-red. The bill is narrow and conical with a sharp tip; in the winter it is brownish-black but in summer, females have lemon yellow beaks while males have yellow bills with blue-grey bases. Moulting occurs once a year- in late summer after the breeding season has finished; the fresh feathers are prominently tipped white (breast feathers) or buff (wing and back feathers), which gives the bird a speckled appearance. The reduction in the spotting in the breeding season is achieved through the white feather tips largely wearing off. Juveniles are grey-brown and by their first winter resemble adults though often retaining some brown juvenile feathering, especially on the head. They can usually be sexed by the colour of the irises, rich brown in males, mouse-brown or grey in females. Estimating the contrast between an iris and the central always-dark pupil is 97% accurate in determining sex, rising to 98% if the length of the throat feathers is also considered. The common starling is mid-sized by both starling standards and passerine standards. It is readily distinguished from other mid-sized passerines, such as thrushes, icterids or small corvids, by its relatively short tail, sharp, blade-like bill, round-bellied shape and strong, sizeable (and rufous-coloured) legs. In flight, its strongly pointed wings and dark colouration are distinctive, while on the ground its strange, somewhat waddling gait is also characteristic. The colouring and build usually distinguish this bird from other starlings, although the closely related spotless starling may be physically distinguished by the lack of iridescent spots in adult breeding plumage.
Like most terrestrial starlings the common starling moves by walking or running, rather than hopping. Their flight is quite strong and direct; their triangular-shaped wings beat very rapidly, and periodically the birds glide for a short way without losing much height before resuming powered flight. When in a flock, the birds take off almost simultaneously, wheel and turn in unison, form a compact mass or trail off into a wispy stream, bunch up again and land in a coordinated fashion. Common starling on migration can fly at 60–80 km/h (37–50 mph) and cover up to 1,000–1,500 km (620–930 mi).
Several terrestrial starlings, including those in the genus Sturnus, have adaptations of the skull and muscles that help with feeding by probing. This adaptation is most strongly developed in the common starling (along with the spotless and white-cheeked starlings), where the protractor muscles responsible for opening the jaw are enlarged and the skull is narrow, allowing the eye to be moved forward to peer down the length of the bill. This technique involves inserting the bill into the ground and opening it as a way of searching for hidden food items. Common starlings have the physical traits that enable them to use this feeding technique, which has undoubtedly helped the species spread far and wide.
In Iberia, the western Mediterranean and northwest Africa, the common starling may be confused with the closely related spotless starling, the plumage of which, as its name implies, has a more uniform colour. At close range it can be seen that the latter has longer throat feathers, a fact particularly noticeable when it sings.
The common starling is a noisy bird. Its song consists of a wide variety of both melodic and mechanical-sounding noises as part of a ritual succession of sounds. The male is the main songster and engages in bouts of song lasting for a minute or more. Each of these typically includes four varieties of song type, which follow each other in a regular order without pause. The bout starts with a series of pure-tone whistles and these are followed by the main part of the song, a number of variable sequences that often incorporate snatches of song mimicked from other species of bird and various naturally occurring or man-made noises. The structure and simplicity of the sound mimicked is of greater importance than the frequency with which it occurs. Each sound clip is repeated several times before the bird moves on to the next. After this variable section comes a number of types of repeated clicks followed by a final burst of high-frequency song, again formed of several types. Each bird has its own repertoire with more proficient birds having a range of up to 35 variable song types and as many as 14 types of clicks.
difficult to get the right colors on the camera....this is as close as it gets with a little tweeking in PSP. I think I will cut this one out and mount on a black background to hang on wall. I spend a lot of time on them, which is different for me...I like for things to happen quickly...no patience!! (given to Deja for her 16th birthday, Oct 8, 2012)
The common starling (Sturnus vulgaris), also known as the European starling, or in the British Isles just the starling, is a medium-sized passerine bird in the starling family, Sturnidae. It is about 20 cm (8 in) long and has glossy black plumage with a metallic sheen, which is speckled with white at some times of year. The legs are pink and the bill is black in winter and yellow in summer; young birds have browner plumage than the adults. It is a noisy bird, especially in communal roosts and other gregarious situations, with an unmusical but varied song. Its gift for mimicry has been noted in literature including the Mabinogion and the works of Pliny the Elder and William Shakespeare.
The common starling has about a dozen subspecies breeding in open habitats across its native range in temperate Europe and western Asia, and it has been introduced to Australia, New Zealand, Canada, United States, Mexico, Peru, Argentina, the Falkland Islands, Brazil, Chile, Uruguay, South Africa and Fiji. This bird is resident in southern and western Europe and southwestern Asia, while northeastern populations migrate south and west in winter within the breeding range and also further south to Iberia and North Africa. The common starling builds an untidy nest in a natural or artificial cavity in which four or five glossy, pale blue eggs are laid. These take two weeks to hatch and the young remain in the nest for another three weeks. There are normally one or two breeding attempts each year. This species is omnivorous, taking a wide range of invertebrates, as well as seeds and fruit. It is hunted by various mammals and birds of prey, and is host to a range of external and internal parasites.
Large flocks typical of this species can be beneficial to agriculture by controlling invertebrate pests; however, starlings can also be pests themselves when they feed on fruit and sprouting crops. Common starlings may also be a nuisance through the noise and mess caused by their large urban roosts. Introduced populations in particular have been subjected to a range of controls, including culling, but these have had limited success except in preventing the colonisation of Western Australia. The species has declined in numbers in parts of northern and western Europe since the 1980s due to fewer grassland invertebrates being available as food for growing chicks. Despite this, its huge global population is not thought to be declining significantly, so the common starling is classified as being of least concern by the International Union for Conservation of Nature.
The common starling is 19–23 cm (7.5–9.1 in) long, with a wingspan of 31–44 cm (12–17 in) and a weight of 58–101 g (2.0–3.6 oz). Among standard measurements, the wing chord is 11.8 to 13.8 cm (4.6 to 5.4 in), the tail is 5.8 to 6.8 cm (2.3 to 2.7 in), the culmen is 2.5 to 3.2 cm (0.98 to 1.26 in) and the tarsus is 2.7 to 3.2 cm The plumage is iridescent black, glossed purple or green, and spangled with white, especially in winter. The underparts of adult male common starlings are less spotted than those of adult females at a given time of year. The throat feathers of males are long and loose and are used in display while those of females are smaller and more pointed. The legs are stout and pinkish- or greyish-red. The bill is narrow and conical with a sharp tip; in the winter it is brownish-black but in summer, females have lemon yellow beaks while males have yellow bills with blue-grey bases. Moulting occurs once a year- in late summer after the breeding season has finished; the fresh feathers are prominently tipped white (breast feathers) or buff (wing and back feathers), which gives the bird a speckled appearance. The reduction in the spotting in the breeding season is achieved through the white feather tips largely wearing off. Juveniles are grey-brown and by their first winter resemble adults though often retaining some brown juvenile feathering, especially on the head. They can usually be sexed by the colour of the irises, rich brown in males, mouse-brown or grey in females. Estimating the contrast between an iris and the central always-dark pupil is 97% accurate in determining sex, rising to 98% if the length of the throat feathers is also considered. The common starling is mid-sized by both starling standards and passerine standards. It is readily distinguished from other mid-sized passerines, such as thrushes, icterids or small corvids, by its relatively short tail, sharp, blade-like bill, round-bellied shape and strong, sizeable (and rufous-coloured) legs. In flight, its strongly pointed wings and dark colouration are distinctive, while on the ground its strange, somewhat waddling gait is also characteristic. The colouring and build usually distinguish this bird from other starlings, although the closely related spotless starling may be physically distinguished by the lack of iridescent spots in adult breeding plumage.
Like most terrestrial starlings the common starling moves by walking or running, rather than hopping. Their flight is quite strong and direct; their triangular-shaped wings beat very rapidly, and periodically the birds glide for a short way without losing much height before resuming powered flight. When in a flock, the birds take off almost simultaneously, wheel and turn in unison, form a compact mass or trail off into a wispy stream, bunch up again and land in a coordinated fashion. Common starling on migration can fly at 60–80 km/h (37–50 mph) and cover up to 1,000–1,500 km (620–930 mi).
Several terrestrial starlings, including those in the genus Sturnus, have adaptations of the skull and muscles that help with feeding by probing. This adaptation is most strongly developed in the common starling (along with the spotless and white-cheeked starlings), where the protractor muscles responsible for opening the jaw are enlarged and the skull is narrow, allowing the eye to be moved forward to peer down the length of the bill. This technique involves inserting the bill into the ground and opening it as a way of searching for hidden food items. Common starlings have the physical traits that enable them to use this feeding technique, which has undoubtedly helped the species spread far and wide.
In Iberia, the western Mediterranean and northwest Africa, the common starling may be confused with the closely related spotless starling, the plumage of which, as its name implies, has a more uniform colour. At close range it can be seen that the latter has longer throat feathers, a fact particularly noticeable when it sings.
The common starling is a noisy bird. Its song consists of a wide variety of both melodic and mechanical-sounding noises as part of a ritual succession of sounds. The male is the main songster and engages in bouts of song lasting for a minute or more. Each of these typically includes four varieties of song type, which follow each other in a regular order without pause. The bout starts with a series of pure-tone whistles and these are followed by the main part of the song, a number of variable sequences that often incorporate snatches of song mimicked from other species of bird and various naturally occurring or man-made noises. The structure and simplicity of the sound mimicked is of greater importance than the frequency with which it occurs. Each sound clip is repeated several times before the bird moves on to the next. After this variable section comes a number of types of repeated clicks followed by a final burst of high-frequency song, again formed of several types. Each bird has its own repertoire with more proficient birds having a range of up to 35 variable song types and as many as 14 types of clicks.
Canon EOS 7D Mark II
EF600mm f/4L IS USM +1.4x III
The common starling (Sturnus vulgaris), also known as the European starling, or in the British Isles just the starling, is a medium-sized passerine bird in the starling family, Sturnidae. It is about 20 cm (8 in) long and has glossy black plumage with a metallic sheen, which is speckled with white at some times of year. The legs are pink and the bill is black in winter and yellow in summer; young birds have browner plumage than the adults. It is a noisy bird, especially in communal roosts and other gregarious situations, with an unmusical but varied song. Its gift for mimicry has been noted in literature including the Mabinogion and the works of Pliny the Elder and William Shakespeare.
The common starling has about a dozen subspecies breeding in open habitats across its native range in temperate Europe and western Asia, and it has been introduced to Australia, New Zealand, Canada, United States, Mexico, Peru, Argentina, the Falkland Islands, Brazil, Chile, Uruguay, South Africa and Fiji. This bird is resident in southern and western Europe and southwestern Asia, while northeastern populations migrate south and west in winter within the breeding range and also further south to Iberia and North Africa. The common starling builds an untidy nest in a natural or artificial cavity in which four or five glossy, pale blue eggs are laid. These take two weeks to hatch and the young remain in the nest for another three weeks. There are normally one or two breeding attempts each year. This species is omnivorous, taking a wide range of invertebrates, as well as seeds and fruit. It is hunted by various mammals and birds of prey, and is host to a range of external and internal parasites.
Large flocks typical of this species can be beneficial to agriculture by controlling invertebrate pests; however, starlings can also be pests themselves when they feed on fruit and sprouting crops. Common starlings may also be a nuisance through the noise and mess caused by their large urban roosts. Introduced populations in particular have been subjected to a range of controls, including culling, but these have had limited success except in preventing the colonisation of Western Australia. The species has declined in numbers in parts of northern and western Europe since the 1980s due to fewer grassland invertebrates being available as food for growing chicks. Despite this, its huge global population is not thought to be declining significantly, so the common starling is classified as being of least concern by the International Union for Conservation of Nature.
The common starling is 19–23 cm (7.5–9.1 in) long, with a wingspan of 31–44 cm (12–17 in) and a weight of 58–101 g (2.0–3.6 oz). Among standard measurements, the wing chord is 11.8 to 13.8 cm (4.6 to 5.4 in), the tail is 5.8 to 6.8 cm (2.3 to 2.7 in), the culmen is 2.5 to 3.2 cm (0.98 to 1.26 in) and the tarsus is 2.7 to 3.2 cm The plumage is iridescent black, glossed purple or green, and spangled with white, especially in winter. The underparts of adult male common starlings are less spotted than those of adult females at a given time of year. The throat feathers of males are long and loose and are used in display while those of females are smaller and more pointed. The legs are stout and pinkish- or greyish-red. The bill is narrow and conical with a sharp tip; in the winter it is brownish-black but in summer, females have lemon yellow beaks while males have yellow bills with blue-grey bases. Moulting occurs once a year- in late summer after the breeding season has finished; the fresh feathers are prominently tipped white (breast feathers) or buff (wing and back feathers), which gives the bird a speckled appearance. The reduction in the spotting in the breeding season is achieved through the white feather tips largely wearing off. Juveniles are grey-brown and by their first winter resemble adults though often retaining some brown juvenile feathering, especially on the head. They can usually be sexed by the colour of the irises, rich brown in males, mouse-brown or grey in females. Estimating the contrast between an iris and the central always-dark pupil is 97% accurate in determining sex, rising to 98% if the length of the throat feathers is also considered. The common starling is mid-sized by both starling standards and passerine standards. It is readily distinguished from other mid-sized passerines, such as thrushes, icterids or small corvids, by its relatively short tail, sharp, blade-like bill, round-bellied shape and strong, sizeable (and rufous-coloured) legs. In flight, its strongly pointed wings and dark colouration are distinctive, while on the ground its strange, somewhat waddling gait is also characteristic. The colouring and build usually distinguish this bird from other starlings, although the closely related spotless starling may be physically distinguished by the lack of iridescent spots in adult breeding plumage.
Like most terrestrial starlings the common starling moves by walking or running, rather than hopping. Their flight is quite strong and direct; their triangular-shaped wings beat very rapidly, and periodically the birds glide for a short way without losing much height before resuming powered flight. When in a flock, the birds take off almost simultaneously, wheel and turn in unison, form a compact mass or trail off into a wispy stream, bunch up again and land in a coordinated fashion. Common starling on migration can fly at 60–80 km/h (37–50 mph) and cover up to 1,000–1,500 km (620–930 mi).
Several terrestrial starlings, including those in the genus Sturnus, have adaptations of the skull and muscles that help with feeding by probing. This adaptation is most strongly developed in the common starling (along with the spotless and white-cheeked starlings), where the protractor muscles responsible for opening the jaw are enlarged and the skull is narrow, allowing the eye to be moved forward to peer down the length of the bill. This technique involves inserting the bill into the ground and opening it as a way of searching for hidden food items. Common starlings have the physical traits that enable them to use this feeding technique, which has undoubtedly helped the species spread far and wide.
In Iberia, the western Mediterranean and northwest Africa, the common starling may be confused with the closely related spotless starling, the plumage of which, as its name implies, has a more uniform colour. At close range it can be seen that the latter has longer throat feathers, a fact particularly noticeable when it sings.
The common starling is a noisy bird. Its song consists of a wide variety of both melodic and mechanical-sounding noises as part of a ritual succession of sounds. The male is the main songster and engages in bouts of song lasting for a minute or more. Each of these typically includes four varieties of song type, which follow each other in a regular order without pause. The bout starts with a series of pure-tone whistles and these are followed by the main part of the song, a number of variable sequences that often incorporate snatches of song mimicked from other species of bird and various naturally occurring or man-made noises. The structure and simplicity of the sound mimicked is of greater importance than the frequency with which it occurs. Each sound clip is repeated several times before the bird moves on to the next. After this variable section comes a number of types of repeated clicks followed by a final burst of high-frequency song, again formed of several types. Each bird has its own repertoire with more proficient birds having a range of up to 35 variable song types and as many as 14 types of clicks.
86.6 Degrees of rectilinear madness. My extreme wide-angle pinhole camera is easier to aim with trigonometry and a giant protractor than it is by line of sight.
There isn't any 21-Piece models today, 21st. July. Instead, I post the diagrams and hope that this series would be continue by anyone who is interested. Basically, the module itself is just a Kite Base with one reverse fold. Theoretically, an infinite number of modules is possible, simply by changing the angle of that reverse fold.
The diagrams on first page is for the 8-Piece model. The angle that needs to be changed for n number of modules is on step 2. The rest of the folding are the same. For cosmetic purpose, I have included step 5 to reveal some of the reverse side of the paper. This can be skipped if you are using Chiyogami papers with repeating patterns or squares cut from flyers.
The photo diagram is just an example of locating an odd angle by using a protractor. I have included a table to show the angles for 5 to 25 modules assemblies. For more modules, the formula to obtain the angle is simply, 360 divided by n, where n represents the number of modules. Example, for a 36-Piece model, 360 divided by 36 = 10 degrees.
Many thanks to Andrey Hechuev's 8-Piece New-Found Hope Star which has inspired me to come up with this Expandable Pinwheel Series.
These diagrams are also posted at my website, hosted by Nick Robinson and kindly sponsored by Dennis Walker. Click on "Diagrams" and then scroll down to select under "Modular" -