4/12/11 NOTES FROM GM HIP-HOP SURVEY SESSION 3 of 3

(also included at bottom is session 1) [ To see the rest of this, if it gets cut off, go to hearingtheword2.posterous.com/41211-notes-from-hip-hop-su... ] HIP-hop session #3 of 3 (B. Santelli leading) : [he's reviewing some books as I arrive] ...Tricia rose, hop hop wars..I took her place at rutgers....another..written colloquial....book..new history of.."big payback"...also nelson George..fellow journalist..jersey,,opinionated, but well-written.I was a rollng stone writer..

'500 greatest albums"..not many hip hop..very white..mtv did a series on greatest hop hop..wanted to go over greatest emcees. 10) ll cool j, 9 eminem, 8) ice cube 7) big daddy kane 6) krx-1 5) nas 4) rakim (william griffin, aka ra) 3) notorious b.I.g, aka biggie, 2) tupac

1) jayzee [conversation]..rock roll hall fame..they put us rolling stone writers..together..sppsd to pick 500..sppsd to be fun, but..by wed we were @ eachothers throats..who's missing? No females. Lauren hill? ..[what about lil wayne?]

...& the albums? 10) pub enemy, nation of millions 9) tupac 8) 7) nwa 6)jayzee 5)run dmc raising hell 4) biggie, ready to die, 3). ..2)? 1)paid in full (eric b. & rakim [spare, stripped down..rhyming, flawless,..his fav, raising hell ..6 of 10 from gangsta rap era ..[has this guy abandoned anglos..has he caved? Or is he speaking to his primary audience ? Only a handful of whites in the room of maybe 50]...hip hop orig was new york centric..like 50's in memphis & orleans..but now things changing..begin. here in L.A. large af am pop in late 80's..lot of kids rapping , deejaying..public enemy (long island), ..why so amazing..first class..am bl roots of hip hop ..we mentioned gil scott herron..changing..g.master flash.. some dies..pub enemy brings it back.chuck d. Knows his ...pub enemy makes a political mess. ..from a white perspective..bob dylan...Fear of a black planet..nation of millions..huge..brought over to white...white intells..get more intrsted..then nwa and tupac..gangsta rap..west coast..using what pub enemy doing back east..more outrageous & angry than pub enemy..

...What we hear..chuck D....at rock of fame..had him come & lecture ..he said it was a refl of blues..language previously couched..in blues..now able to scream it..listen to tupac, ... in harlem..best pedigree..black panther..he was deep into it..early life a mess..what tupac ... shakur.this man had a..he was a 5 tool player....genuine anger..he was intelligent..bitter but intelligent..most important..listen to cadence of words..anyone can rhyme..but cadence.....Eminem..too many words..don't apprec his stuff as much..tupac best ever..right in middle..perfect storm..east west..1990's..mid 90's..bitter rivalry east v west ..ironic ...and tupac ...then ----- killed..neither murder solved..//Why a feud ? East jealous? Tupac..death row l.a..; bad boy east..so 2 diff schools forming..

Then puff daddy..sean combs (aka diddy, p diddy, puff daddy, p daddy) .west... tupac....2 "m words" .1) MEDIA..hip hop mags..source..vibe..'88 mtv raps ..2) MONEY ..early 90's..can make money..on radio...mtv..also white element..beastie boys..middle class white kids in suburbs..

...Bold personalities..incendiary..tupac murdered..later biggie (notorious B.I.G, Real name Christopher Wallace, aka biggie smalls) killed..media gets hold of it ..society says its out of control....when Biggie dies..album..double platinum..

Also the tree..acid jazz, socially conscious hip hop, funk jazz, trip hop, some from england ..england didn't embrace hip hop at first ....Arrested development..? Hip hop? Some music lost relevancy..blues, big band ..glenn miller..ragtime..some become "historical"..mid-90's..hip hop not dying, but branching out..moody blues..I hated it...but difference between hating versus respecting [I actually liked moody blues & saw them @ hollywood bowl]...Who else ? Outcasts, wootang, lords of underground, onyx,.[several others shouted out] .hip hop 90's taking over...Now beyond nyc & LA..master P...new orleans..tree exploding..geographic connections..diff sound..good businessman..he also played b-ball..also atlanta...in south, but northern sensib.,,,also houston..health..multi-billion $ business..mainstreaming of hip hop,,,gangsta rap dies out...invention, re-invention.....also, rise of detroit..eminem..major figure...brings detroit to forefront..making detroit hip..and then kid rock ..real..metal..fringe genres..coming together w/ hop hop..limp biscit, korn,...Today? Hip hop becoming irrelevant? ..making lots of money..stop changing..less experimentation..less bold, ..fashion from hip hop ...u know u become mainstream when grammy recognizes u..heresy for me to say but....Recording academy..being in biz..producer, writer, ....[Plays vid eminem & elton jon..given hip hop's homophobic culture..this was seminal] [ was it a seminal moment as the beginning of the END of hip-hop, as it lost its verve?] ..2006 nas comes out saying hip hop dead..didn't want to stay stuck in rut...had nas here....rock hall of fame brings in hip hop, grammy awards..world knows hip hop

...After we did whitehouse thing..state dept..calls..cultural diplomacy..obama revived it.. they asked me to organize hop hop to go to muslim countries.[hip hop to muslim countries as a form of diplomacy ?! Please explain how that would appease muslims or appeal to muslims who already think of America as godless] .as did armstrong & ellington 50 yrs ago ...I couldn't run it....Where is hop hop now ? Ring tone..commercialize..sound same..its on life support now..homogenized..mentions nicky menaj opening for britney spears in upcoming tour..360 degrees ..piracy..economy ....Country music still buys cd's ..loyalty..not download..not w/ hip hop....need audience with means to support act ..when economy of art form goes away..trouble ..younger gen doesn't feel the concept of spportin.."////BELOW are the NOTES from SESSION 1 of 3

(I missed session 2 )

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3/29/11 NOTES FROM HIP-HOP SURVEY COURSE (1 of 3) taught by Bob @ GM: "...learn more abt music forums....like hip hop..whats a middle age white guy teaching hip hop..I'm a musical historian...af am music my specialty..not hip hop.this class not like the elvis class.this is a survey course..3 periods as an overview..will have other courses..hip hop america's pop music now last quarter century..its a survey class..people who live this culture..if u want to add, embellish..can never learn too much..my expertise. Af am music..also reggae..after hip hop comes bob marley exhibit..a hip hop museum ready to launch..in bronx..I'm on board...maybe russel simmons on board..anybody see him here a few weeks ago....others coming chris blackwell, ..pbs special..kate..@ whitehouse..kate did this exhibit..don't need to agree..its interpretive..subjectivity..otherwise just read in book ..used to teach @ rutgers..this is not academia..try to do this in colloquial way..not preach to u..meant to be entertaining..some here b/c I asked u to come..I didn't come quickly to hip hop..even tho I was there in the early 70's...think of 20th century..america's century..come to age as superpower..after fall of comm ..also musically, no country can touch what we have given to the world musically in 20th century..separate bl & wh culture..look @ af am contribs..as to amt..# of new forms..brilliant artists..overall impact.entire world..not all clear cut..jazz black music form..but dig down.others contrib too ..but in general..louis armstrong et al..blues blues jazz, soul, funk, r & b, disco, hip hop, bee bop swing, cool, fusion,,of all these forms..all given due..endorsed exported..except hip hop until now...revol music..challenges..polit..most recent..hasn't gotten its due.celeb gospel blues...maybe too controversial to get credit..still...what made it so..give & take of african cult..also anglo irish..also racism..extra tension..in nutshell..bl & wh celbr..where r we now..first time..af ams bouncing ...haven't had major music..lately..last was grunge..late 80's, 90's..music slowed down ?ess imp..25% decrease in concert att...here to ..soul music..motown..also...and atlantic..golden age..also rock roll..then 1970's..chronolog..musically '63 to '73..that's the 60's music era..hip hop..not 60's ..bronx..how go from soul ..then..to funk...I don't know re hip hop in '73 ..have to wait 6 years..before recorded artifact..rappers delight ..sugar hill gang..why in this ? .69 71 motown losing lustre..stevie wonder..migrated..motown leaves detroit comes here..but not like it used to be..sly & family stone..loses sensib as..couple key bands & artists..2 huge..gil scott herron ..last poets..black..music...."when revol comes.."..gangsta rap..not on radio..last poets..many blacks didn't even know of this music..marvin gaye..more known..cnsdrd greatest of all times..70-73 ..clip.."far too many of u dying.."...[red hat]..also "sounds of philadelphia"..the oj's..signed in cleve but rcrded in phillie.."love train" ....revolution vs love..this is backdrop to bronx ..no q..rock surfaces memphis ..why hip hop fr bronx..music to be created & sustained..not just artist but audience..in bronx..it was like beirut or baghdad..suffered incredibly..ny in bad condition..bronx pushed aside..gangs ..drugs..south bronx..maybe mother cabrini projrcts chicago..maybe south l.a....become so isolated..create in a vacum w/o outside interference or ack..seattle..grunge..a seam..pearl jam, nirvana..already formed b/f world knew..a lot carribeans settled nyc ..jamaicans..brooklyn..1962 jamaica indep..many got out..s. bronx...late 60's..kid campbell..clive ..from jamaica..brings..reggae..sound systems..everything outdoors ..disc jockey....toast over dub plates..jamaicans come to usa with this..clive campbell..longs for jamaica..wonders what he's doing in bronx..sound system..he didn't know he was creating history...invit..come to dj cool hercs party set up jamaica style..earliest hip hop...rap..part of af am cult..verbal battles..here at herks party..af ams and jamaicans together..'73..sudden concept of spinning records..unique way, art form..74 75..another frm..also hispanic & gay..disco..gets no respect...but it was important..w/o disco no m. Jackson, no usher..in manhattan..records..disc spun..if white grate dead, almond bros,..underground movement, black hispanic gay..dance again..mixing..never leave dance floor..77 sat night fever..mst imp of all time..j. travolta..exported disco cult..drugs..all this happ.. bee gees..trammpps...burn baby burn..disco inferno..red & white outfits..early hip hop would borrow from.some day will do disco shoe exhibit....or rush..sex pistols.springsteen..u had to select what u would embrace....people dressed their music..

Then bob marley..new sensib..lively up yourself..all this happening..rappers delight..sugarhill gang....soul train on tv..imp for black..this was seminal..just happened to catch it on camera..not the best

Three main entities..curtis blow..then up to run dmc ..hip hop is developing a consc style.that will explode...grand wizard theatre..scratching..then grand master flash. Popularized it..then .barbada (?)..flash a seminal giant..

Dj & mc..back then dj..was the guy..age of mc in future..dancing why they're spinning records..bee boy bee girl..bboy break dancing..some of best break dancers were latino ..

Tagging..grafitti..becomes part..cey dams..tagging did a piece here ..been dodging cops for 3 decades...there's a f you mentality in bronx..didn't want to be part of discos..taggers..socs & psys studied.. I was in zurich..most expensive place in world..cab..graffitti wall..

[He periodically makes some of his prejudices obvious..re "conservative zurich"..wouldn't apprec it in des moines iowa.."no offense to des moines"..let's "rock n roll"..(it was a term for sexual icourse)..he's talking to white christians....jazz also fr black culture ..means sex icourse.."

Funaokayama Park, Kyoto City

NHK installed to popularize radio broadcast in 1920s and 1930s

Bessaflex TM x Ultron 2.0/40 SL Aspherical x kodak ColorPlus 200

Every Sufi Dargah is incomplete without Qawwals and their quintessential Qawwali..be it Makhdoom Shah Baba at Mahim,or Khwajah Garib Nawaz at Ajmer or Nizamuddin Aulia in Delhi.

Qawwali is the staple diet of the devotees who come to pay their salutations to the Dargahs during the annual Urus..

No Urus is complete without Qawwali rendition in music and vocal praising the Holy Saint and his Holy Shrine.

And the qawwals get handsomely paid by the crowds , but more than money the Qawwals to seek the blessiings of the Holy Saint to achieve success in Bollywood or shows all over the world.

Indians and Pakistanis love Qawwalis..

Qawwali sourced from wikipedia.

Qawwali (Urdu/Persian: قوٌالی; Punjabi/Multani: ਖ਼ਵ੍ਵਾਲੀ, قوٌالی; Brajbhasha/Hindi: क़व्वाली) is a form of Sufi devotional music popular on the Indian subcontinent. It's a vibrant musical tradition that stretches back more than 700 years. Originally performed mainly at Sunni Sufi shrines throughout the subcontinent, it has also gained mainstream popularity. Qawwali music received international exposure through the work of the late Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan, largely due to several releases on the Real World label, followed by live appearances at WOMAD festivals. Often listeners, and even artists themselves, are transported to a state of wajad, a trance-like state where they feel at one with God, generally considered to be the height of spiritual ecstasy in Sufism. Although famous throughout the world, its economic and spiritual hub remains the Punjab province of Pakistan from where it gained entry into the mainstream commercial music industry and international fame.

[edit] Song content

The songs which constitute the qawwali repertoire are mostly in Urdu and Punjabi (almost equally divided between the two), although there are several songs in Persian, Brajbhasha and Siraiki.[1][2] There is also qawwali in some regional languages (e.g., Chhote Babu Qawwal sings in Bengali), but the regional language tradition is relatively obscure. Also, the sound of the regional language qawwali can be totally different from that of mainstream qawwali. This is certainly true of Chhote Babu Qawwal, whose sound is much closer to Baul music than to the qawwali of Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan, for example.

The poetry is implicitly understood to be spiritual in its meaning, even though the lyrics can sometimes sound wildly secular, or outright hedonistic. The central themes of qawwali are love, devotion and longing (of man for the Divine).

Qawwalis are classified by their content into several categories:

A hamd is a song in praise of Allah. Traditionally, a qawwali performance starts with a hamd.

A naat is a song in praise of the Prophet Muhammad. The opening hamd is traditionally followed by a naat.

A manqabat is a song in praise of either Imam Ali or one of the Sufi saints. Interestingly, manqabats in praise of Ali are sung at both Sunni and Shi'a gatherings. If one is sung, it will follow right after the naat. There is usually at least one manqabat in a traditional programme.

A marsiya is a lamentation over the death of much of Imam Husayn's family in the Battle of Karbala. Once again, this would typically be sung only at a Shi'a concert.

A ghazal is a song that sounds secular on the face of it. There are two extended metaphors that run through ghazals -- the joys of drinking and the agony of separation from the beloved. These songs feature exquisite poetry, and can certainly be taken at face value, and enjoyed at that level. In fact, in India and Pakistan, ghazal is also a separate, distinct musical genre in which many of the same songs are performed in a different musical style, and in a secular context. In the context of that genre, the songs are usually taken at face value, and no deeper meaning is necessarily implied. But in the context of qawwali, these songs of intoxication and yearning use secular metaphors to poignantly express the soul's longing for union with the Divine, and its joy in loving the Divine. In the songs of intoxication, "Wine" represents "knowledge of the Divine", the "Cupbearer" (saaqi) is God or a spiritual guide, the "Tavern" is the metaphorical place where the soul may (or may not) be fortunate enough to attain spiritual enlightenment. (The "Tavern" is emphatically not a conventional house of worship. Rather, it is taken to be the spiritual context within which the soul exists) Intoxication is attaining spiritual knowledge, or being filled with the joy of loving the Divine. In the songs of yearning, the soul, having been abandoned in this world by that cruel and cavalier lover, God, sings of the agony of separation, and the depth of its yearning for reunion.

A kafi is a song in Punjabi, which is in the unique style of poets such as Shah Hussain and Baba Bulleh Shah. Two of the more popular Kafis include Ni Main Jana Jogi De Naal and Mera Piya Ghar Aaya.

A munadjaat is a song where the singer displays his thanks to Allah through a variety of linguistic techniques. It is often sung in Persian, with Mawlana Jalāl-ad-Dīn Rumi credited as its inventor.

[edit] Composition of a qawwali party

A group of qawwali musicians, called a party, typically consists of eight or nine men — women are, for all intents and purposes, excluded from traditional Muslim music as respectable women are traditionally prohibited from singing in the presence of men, though these traditions are changing — including a lead singer, one or two side singers, one or two harmoniums (which may be played by lead singer, side singer or someone else), and percussion. If there is only one percussionist, he plays the tabla and dholak, usually the tabla with the left hand and the dholak with the right. Often there will be two percussionists, in which case one might play the tabla and the other the dholak. There is also a chorus of four or five men who repeat key verses, and who aid and abet percussion by hand-clapping.

The performers sit in two rows — the lead singer, side singers and harmonium players in the front row, and the chorus and percussionists in the back row.

Before the fairly recent introduction of the harmonium, qawwalis were usually accompanied by the sarangi. The sarangi had to be retuned between songs; the harmonium didn't, and was soon preferred.

[edit] Musical structure

Songs are usually between 15 to 30 minutes long. However, the longest commercially released qawwali runs slightly over 115 minutes (Hashr Ke Roz Yeh Poochhunga by Aziz Mian Qawwal). The qawwali maestro Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan has at least two songs that are more than 60 minutes long.

Qawwalis tend to begin gently and build steadily to a very high energy level in order to induce hypnotic states both among the musicians and within the audience. Songs are usually arranged as follows:

They start with an instrumental prelude where the main melody is played on the harmonium, accompanied by the tabla, and which may include improvised variations of the melody.

Then comes the alap, a long tonal improvised melody during which the singers intone different long notes, in the raag of the song to be played.

The lead singer begins to sing some preamble verses which are typically not part of the main song, although thematically related to it. These are sung unrhythmically, improvised following the raag, and accompanied only by the harmonium. After the lead singer sings a verse, one of the side singers will repeat the verse, perhaps with his own improvisation. A few or many verses will be sung in this way, leading into the main song.

As the main song begins, the tabla, dholak and clapping begin. All members join in the singing of the verses that constitute the refrain. Normally neither the lyrics of the main verses nor the melodies that go with them are improvised; in fact, these are often traditional songs sung by many groups, especially within the same lineage. As the song proceeds, the lead singer or one of the side singers may break out into an alap. Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan also popularized the interjection of sargam singing at this point. The song usually builds in tempo and passion, with each singer trying to outdo the other in terms of vocal acrobatics. Some singers may do long periods of sargam improvisation, especially alternating improvisations with a student singer. The songs usually end suddenly.

The singing style of qawwali is different from Western singing styles in many ways. For example, in words beginning with an "m", Western singers are apt to stress the vowel following the "m" rather than the "m" itself, whereas in qawwali, the "m" will usually be held, producing a muted tone. Also in qawwali, there is no distinction between what is known as the chest voice and the neck voice (the different areas that sound will resonate in depending on the frequency sung). Rather, qawwals sing very loudly and forcefully, which allows them to extend their chest voice to much higher frequencies than those used in Western singing, even though this usually causes a more noisy or strained sound than would be acceptable in the West.

[edit] Singing Order in Chistiya

Instrumental: This is supposed to be the announcement of the arrival of Khawaja Moinuddin Chishti's, as Sufi believes their saints are free of time-space. Also that Nabi, Siddique, Shaheed, and Saleh category of faithfuls are never dead, just gone into some other state from where they visit whenever they are mentioned, especially if there is a function in their honor.

Hamd

Naat

Manqabat Ali

Manqabat Ghous: Praise of Shaikh Abdul Qadir Jelani

Manqabat Khwaja: Praise of Khwaja Moinuddin Chishti

Manqabat Shaikh: Praise of the Shaikh/Pir if it is his anniversary

Rang or Badhawa: If it is the death anniversary of the Pir, then it is usually Rang, a poem by Amir Khusro. If it is the Shaikh's birthday, it is usually the Badhawa.

[edit] Legendary Qawwals of the Past

Aziz Ahmed Warsi

Aziz Mian Qawwal

Badar Ali Khan (aka Badar Miandad)

Bahauddin Qutbuddin

Fateh Ali Khan Mubarik Ali Khan

Jafar Husain Khan Badauni

Muhammed Saeed Chishti

Munshi Raziuddin

Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan

Sabri Brothers

[edit] Well-known Qawwals of Today

Abida Parveen

Amjad Sabri

Aziz Nazan

Bakshi Javed Salamat

Chhote Aziz Nazan

Faiz Ali Faiz

Fareed Ayaz

Ghulam Sabir Nizami and Ghulam Waris Nizami

Mehr Ali Sher Ali

Najmuddin Saifuddin

Rahat Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan

Sher Miandad Khan

Waheed and Naveed Chishti

The BSA Gold Star has a few nicknames, the most popular of which is "The Star". Additionally, due to its racing success at Daytona, particularly with the Daytona model, it's sometimes referred to as the "Daytona Star". These nicknames reflect the motorcycle's iconic status and its association with speed and racing heritage. It cherished by the "Cafe Bike" culture in England and the U.S, modified for Production road racing. It was further popularized in the U.S. by WERA (Western Eastern Roadracers' Association) in the 70s.

Wrigley Field is a baseball stadium in Chicago (IL) that has served as the home ballpark of the Chicago Cubs since 1916.

It was built in 1914 as Weeghman Park for the Chicago Federal League baseball team, the Chicago Whales. It was called Cubs Park between 1920 and 1926 before being renamed for then Cubs team owner and chewing gum magnate, William Wrigley, Jr.

Between 1921 and 1970, it was also the home of the Chicago Bears of the National Football League. In addition, it hosted the second annual National Hockey League Winter Classic on January 1, 2009.

Located in the Chicago community known as Lakeview, Wrigley Field sits on an irregular block bounded by Clark (west) and Addison (south) Streets and Waveland (north) and Sheffield (east) Avenues. The area immediately surrounding the ballpark contains residential streets, in addition to bars, restaurants and other establishments and is called Wrigleyville. The ballpark's mailing address is 1060 W. Addison Street.

Wrigley Field is nicknamed "The Friendly Confines", a phrase popularized by "Mr. Cub", Hall of Famer Ernie Banks. The current capacity is 41,159, making Wrigley Field the 10th-smallest actively used ballpark. It is the oldest National League ballpark and the second oldest active major league ballpark (after Fenway Park that opened on April 20, 1912).

Wrigley Field is known for its ivy covered brick outfield wall, the unusual wind patterns off Lake Michigan, the iconic red marquee over the main entrance (shown above), the hand-turned scoreboard, and for being the last major league park to have lights installed for play after dark.

Image by Ron Cogswell on Friday April 13, 2012, using a Nikon D80 and minor Photoshop effects.

DSC_0151

Many of you have no doubt been wondering, "Hey! I know the Native Americans have names for all the monthly full moons, some familiar and popularized, but what the heck is the most commonly used name for March?" Well, my fellow lunatics, your unfamiliarity with the designation may be because it is somewhat ignobly called The Worm Moon. The reason given for this is not that the Native Americans had a limited number of names available and this was the only one left when March came around. It is because it is the time of the year when the first stirring of the earthworms were to be noticed in the softening earth. This must have been originated by southern tribes because there is rarely any such softening up north in March.

In any event, I have searched diligently (not at all) for some romantic songs referencing the Worm Moon but could find none. I don't expect there will be many composed in the future either....actually a rather sad comment on the regard held toward these highly beneficial annelids. There is a ditty I recall about some self-pitying soul announcing an intention to eat worms as an apparent penalty for being universally hated and unloved. Another negative fate for these creatures, though fortunately, even among this group, not a generally popular menu item either.

Black Lives Are...

resilient, bold, proud, iconic, authentic, worthy, innovative

Tetraptych on electrical box

(painted September, 2020)

— Lori Smith (@lasttospeak)

— Jordyn White (@jojophases)

Decatur (Sycamore Ridge), Georgia, USA.

29 May 2022.

***************

▶ “The words 'resilient, bold, proud, iconic, authentic, worthy, and innovative' now cover the typically vandalized electrical box on the corner of East Ponce de Leon Avenue and Sycamore Street, describing the deep substance and beauty of Black lives and attempting to dive beyond the popularized saying, 'Black Lives Matter.' ”

— 3Ten Convergence.

▶ More, from Decaturish: here.

▶ See murals un-collaged: (01) and (02).

***************

▶ Photo by Yours For Good Fermentables.com.

▶ For a larger image, type 'L' (without the quotation marks).

— Follow on Facebook: YoursForGoodFermentables.

— Follow on Instagram: @tcizauskas.

▶ Camera: Olympus OM-D E-M10 II.

— Collage via Photoshop Elements 15.

▶ Commercial use requires explicit permission, as per Creative Commons.

© J. Antonio Herrera F. - All Rights Reserved

Alebrije hecho por Miguel Linares Mendoza, nieto de Pedro Linares (creador de los alebrijes). Gracias Elsa Linares por tan valiosa información!

El alebrije o, menos correctamente alebrige, es una artesanía mexicana de reciente reconocimiento inventada por Pedro Linares López en 1936 en México D.F., hecha de diferentes tipos de papel o de madera tallada y pintada con colores alegres y vibrantes. Generalmente representan a un animal imaginario, conformado por elementos fisionómicos de varios animales diferentes

Alebrije made by Miguel Linares Mendoza, Pedro Linares's son (creator of the alebrijes). Thanks Elsa Linares for such a valuable information!

Alebrije (Spanish pronunciation: [aleˈβɾihe]) are brightly-colored Mexican folk art sculptures of fantastical creatures. Pedro Linares first used the term to describe his papier mache creations in 1936 in Mexico City; generally they represent an imaginary animal made up of parts of different animals. It is also now commonly used in reference to the Oaxacan woodcarvings popularized by Manuel Jimenez.

Murasakinoyanagi Park, Kyoto City

NHK installed to popularize radio broadcast in 1920s and 1930s

Bessaflex TM x Ultron 2.0/40 SL Aspherical x kodak ColorPlus 200

Wearing traditional cowboy clothing, these rodeo spectators maintain the rodeo show tradition originally popularized by Buffalo Bill or William Frederick Cody. Davie Rodeo, Davie, Fl., USA

Did you know that I also have a portfolio of abstract/impressionistic photos taken with intentional camera movement? One of my favorite photographers ever, William Neill, turned me on to this technique with his incredible portfolio "Impressions of light" I think Bill was the first to popularize it, and now its pretty common to see for today's nature photogs. I have to wonder how Bill feels about seeing this stuff everywhere.

Anyway, I made this image in a grove of blue oak trees as the sun set and cast long shadows in between bands of brightly lit summer grass. I hope you enjoy this one as much as I do.

For more feel free to visit my set on flickr:

www.flickr.com/photos/claycarey/sets/72157623553961083/

Sixty five years ago in 1957, Ewan MacColl, a British political song writer wrote a song for a woman who later became his third wife. The song was entitled "The First Time I Ever Saw Your Face" and became a classic romance song popularized later in America by Roberta Flack. It has since been sung countless times at weddings and other celebrations when men want to give special attention to the first time they saw the woman they married.

I had an experience akin to this the first time I came upon a Wood Duck. I was stealthily creeping through the woods toward a small wetland pond and saw this gaily colored waterfowl sitting on a log sunning itself and thought I had witnessed the most uniquely and beautifully colored duck I had ever seen.

Thanks to their webbed feet that feature characteristics of a chicken's claws and a duck's web, the Wood Duck is comfortable perching in trees which made this photo much easier to take. Wood ducks are also the only American duck that regularly produces two families each year.

(November 14, 1906 – August 8, 1985), generally known by her stage name Louise Brooks, was an American dancer, model, showgirl and silent film actress, noted for popularizing the bobbed haircut. Brooks is best known for her three feature roles including two G. W. Pabst films: in Pandora's Box (1929), Diary of a Lost Girl (1929), and Prix de Beauté (Miss Europe) (1930). She starred in 17 silent films and, late in life, authored a memoir, Lulu in Hollywood.

Europe Trip 2010 - Day 12

January 04, 2011

Notre Dame de Paris (French for Our Lady of Paris), also known as Notre Dame Cathedral, is a Gothic, Catholic cathedral on the eastern half of the Île de la Cité in the fourth arrondissement of Paris, France. It is the cathedral of the Catholic Archdiocese of Paris: that is, it is the church that contains the cathedra (official chair), of the Archbishop of Paris, currently André Vingt-Trois. Notre Dame de Paris is widely considered one of the finest examples of French Gothic architecture in France and in Europe. It was restored and saved from destruction by Eugène Viollet-le-Duc, one of France's most famous architects. The name Notre Dame means "Our Lady" in French, and is frequently used in the names of Catholic church buildings in Francophone countries.

Notre Dame de Paris was one of the first Gothic cathedrals, and its construction spanned the Gothic period. Its sculptures and stained glass show the heavy influence of naturalism, unlike that of earlier Romanesque architecture.

Notre Dame de Paris was among the first buildings in the world to use the flying buttress (arched exterior supports). The building was not originally designed to include the flying buttresses around the choir and nave. After the construction began and the thinner walls (popularized in the Gothic style) grew ever higher, stress fractures began to occur as the walls pushed outward. In response, the cathedral's architects built supports around the outside walls, and later additions continued the pattern.

Jean de Jandun recognized the cathedral as one of Paris's three most important buildings in his 1323 "Treatise on the Praises of Paris." He celebrated: "that most terrible church of the most glorious Virgin Mary, mother of God, deservedly shines out, like the sun among stars. And although some speakers, by their own free judgment, because [they are] able to see only a few things easily, may say that some other is more beautiful, I believe however, respectfully, that, if they attend more diligently to the whole and the parts, they will quickly retract this opinion. Where indeed, I ask, would they find two towers of such magnificence and perfection, so high, so large, so strong, clothed round about with such a multiple variety of ornaments? Where, I ask, would they find such a multipartite arrangement of so many lateral vaults, above and below? Where, I ask, would they find such light-filled amenities as the many surrounding chapels? Furthermore, let them tell me in what church I may see such a large cross, of which one arm separates the choir from the nave. Finally, I would willingly learn where [there are] two such circles, situated opposite each other in a straight line, which on account of their appearance are given the name of the fourth vowel [O] ; among which smaller orbs and circlets, with wondrous artifice, so that some arranged circularly, others angularly, surround windows ruddy with precious colors and beautiful with the most subtle figures of the pictures. In fact I believe that this church offers the carefully discerning such cause for admiration that its inspection can scarcely sate the soul."[1]

The cathedral suffered desecration during the radical phase of the French Revolution in the 1790s, when much of its religious imagery was damaged or destroyed. During the 19th century, an extensive restoration project was completed, returning the cathedral to its previous state. Additionally, the cathedral houses the purported Crown of Thorns in its reliquary.

There's a Meetin' Here Tonight, 1960 by Bob Gibson, popularized by The Limelighters.

Funaokayama Park, Kyoto City

NHK installed to popularize radio broadcast in 1920s and 1930s

Bessaflex TM x Ultron 2.0/40 SL Aspherical x kodak ColorPlus 200

HISTORIC SIGNIFICANCE

On July 7, 1880, Estisa and Patten Bartlett sold lot 10 of the E. M. Bartlett addition in Elgin to Francis Preston for $500. At that time, Francis resided at 271 (now numbered 421) Division, adjacent to this lot. He quickly improved the lot by building the home that is known as 429 Division Street.

Francis apparently used the new house at 429 Division Street as a rental property, never living there himself. The 1884 City directory lists tenant Charles Young at that address. Francis retained ownership of 429 Division until selling it in 1889 to Conrad and Lydia Buel for $3,500.

Francis was born in New Hampshire in November of 1832 to Paschal and Ruth Preston. Frank enlisted at the beginning of the civil war in his home state of New Hampshire and served as a commander throughout the war.

After he settled in Elgin in 1868, he was very active in the GAR, The Grand Army of the Republic. Francis was employed at Elgin National Watch Factory and was known to be a fine musician. For many years he was the leader of the Bluff City Band and a prominent member of the Elgin Watch Factory Band. Near the end of his life, he was elected town collector, but was unable to attend to his duties because of his health. The 1878-79 Elgin city directory lists Frank Preston as the assistant foreman of the screw and steel department of the Watch Factory and also the business manager of the Bluff City Band. His address was listed as “Division 2 east of Gifford” as there was no house numbering system in use at that time.

ARCHITECTURAL SIGNIFICANCE

429 Division Street was built as a substantial Free-Classic Queen Anne style home. The recent historic resources survey lists the home as a contributing structure to the historic significance of the area and in excellent condition.

The development of balloon framing, a construction methodology using smaller dimensions of lumber than previously, permitted the evolution of the exuberant Victorian architecture with its asymmetrical facades and irregularly shaped roofs. Previously, post-and-girt and braced-frame construction both used hewn and/or pegged joints and massive timbers. Since corners were thus hard to stabilize, architects and builders avoided unnecessary corners. Balloon framing construction, developed in Chicago in the 1830s, used two-inch framing boards that extended through two full stories. The joints were nailed, making construction faster and less costly. To the delight of Victorian architects, the small lumber dimensions allowed easy construction of irregular plans with many bays, extensions, turrets and towers. Queen Anne Style was developed in England by architect Richard Norman Shaw and associates. The style, popularized in plan books and magazines, became the predominant architecture in the United States, accounting for 50% of all homes constructed from 1880-1910.

Typical of Queen Anne Style, this house is a cross-gable configuration with a prominent front-facing gable. Like 50% of these homes, it has a steep hipped roof with lower cross-gables placed asymmetrically on the facades. The main roof has a flat deck crowning the hip, where the chimney is located. The Free Classic sub-type accounts for 35% of Queen Anne homes. The name derives from the use of round classical columns rather than turned posts as porch supports. Here, the columns extend the full height of the porch. The polygonal dining room bay features inset rectangular panels under the windows, and decorative brackets supporting the roof of the bay. Decorative woodwork graces the gable over the entry. A triangular window hood is present over the double window on the front-facing gable.

Yep, the same foot popping action popularized in popular girlie love stories like The Princess Diaries.

GUESS WHO! ^_^

NYC Fire Riders

Firefighters Motorcycle Clubs

steelhorseshades.com

American Firefighters Motorcycle Club

Axemen Professional Fire Fighters Motorcycle Club

Brothers Keepers Motorcycle Club

DragonSlayers FireFighters Motorcycle Club

Dragon Slayers Motorcycle Club

EMS Knights Motorcycle Club

Expendables Motorcycle Club

Expendable Souls Motorcycle Club

Fire and Iron Motorcycle Club

Firefighters Law Enforcement Brotherhood Motorcycle Club

Fire Fighters For Christ

Fire Hogs LAFD

Fools Fraternal Order Of LeatherHeads Society

Knights Of The Inferno Motorcycle Club

Nassau County Fire Riders

N.Y.C. Fire Riders

Red Knights Motorcycle Club

Rolling Inferno Motorcycle Club

San Antonio FireFighters Motorcycle Club

Streets Of Fire Motorcycle Club

Wind and Fire Motorcycle Club

A motorcycle club is a group of individuals whose primary interest and activities involve motorcycles.

In the U.S. the abbreviation, MC or MCC, can have a special social meaning from the point of view of the outlaw (aka one percenter) subcultures, and is usually reserved by them for those clubs that are mutually recognized by other MC clubs. This is indicated by wearing the MC patch, or a three piece patch, or colors, on the back of a club jacket or vest. Outlaw (or one percenter) can mean merely that the club is not chartered under the auspices of the American Motorcyclist Association, implying a radical rejection of authority and embracing of the "biker" lifestyle defined and popularized since the 1950s and represented by such media as Easyriders magazine, the work of painter David Mann, and more. In many contexts the terms overlap with the usual meaning of "outlaw" because some of these clubs, or some their members, are recognized by law enforcement agencies as taking part in organized crime.

Outside of the outlaw subculture, the words "" carry no heavy meaning beyond the everyday English definition of the words – a club involving motorcycles, whose members come from every walk of life. Thus, there are clubs that are culturally and stylistically nothing like outlaw or one percenter clubs, and whose activities and goals not similar to them at all, but still use three-part patches or the initials MC in their name or insignia.

Types of clubs, groups and organizations

Motorcycle clubs vary a great deal in their objectives and organizations. Mainstream motorcycle clubs or associations typically have elected officers and directors, annual dues, and a regular publication. They may also sponsor annual or more frequent "rallies" where members can socialize and get to know each other. Some publish in book form lists of members that can be used by touring motorcyclists needing assistance.

Firefighters Motorcycle Clubs, iaff, ffmc, fallen firefighters memorial

CANTON NC: Canton is a small town nestled among five hills along the banks of the Pigeon River in the mountains of Western North Carolina and the home of Blue Ridge Papers, Haywood County's largest industry. The mill produces paper and allied products and has made great strides in reducing the amount of air and water pollution spewed with devastating effects into the environment, especially the Pigeon River, by the former owner, the disgraced Champion Paper Company.

The community was named for Canton, OH, the source of the steel used in construction of the bridge over the Pigeon River.

One of the largest mountains in Haywood County, the now famous Cold Mountain lies in the Bethel Community near Canton. Popularized by the novel which was turned into a major motion picture, Cold Mountain was written by Charles Frazier, who was born in Haywood County and spent weekends and summers in the area. While here, he explored the mountains and decided to immortalize Cold Mountain in his memorable novel.

Another of Canton's claims to fame are the Star of the Carolinas (1445 carats), and the Southern Star (1035 carats), two of the world's largest star sapphires, both found in Canton's Old Pressley Sapphire Mine, now open to the public.

The Botkin Trail in the Yalta Nature Reserve is one of the most famous hiking trails in the Crimean Mountains. Its length from Kirov Street to the top of Stavri-Kay aMount is 4.5 kilometers.

The Botkin Trail route was created in 1901 for tuberculosis patients. They could take wellness walks here, so it is also called the "Health Trail". In these places, the phytoncides of the coniferous forest are mixed with the sea breeze, which creates a positive effect for the treatment of lung diseases.

Professor Sergey Botkin was one of the most famous physicians in Russia in the second half of the 19th century. He received the title of academician and the position of physician of the royal family. Since 1870, he has been studying the climate of the Southern coast of Crimea and made a huge contribution to the popularization of recreation and the development of sanatoriums in the Crimea. He was the first to note the healing properties of the air on the Southern coast of Crimea for the treatment of lung diseases.

Боткинская тропа проложена по левому берегу реки Учан-Су. Начинаясь у Поляны сказок, она завершается у скалы Ставри-Кая. Правда, завершается условно, поскольку сразу переходит в Штангеевскую тропу, которая заканчивается у водопада Учан-Су. Нередко две тропы объединяют в один маршрут. Это логично, поскольку в противном случае от скалы Ставри-Кая придется возвращаться обратно по уже пройденному пути. Если же идти до водопада, получится круизный маршрут.

Тропу оборудовали в 1901-1902 году силами Крымско-Кавказского горного клуба. В то время активно действовало ее ялтинское отделение. Назвать решили в честь доктора Боткина. Он хоть и жил в Москве, но активно участвовал в исследовании роли Южного берега Крыма как курортологического направления. Получив звание академика, он стал лейб-медиком царской семьи и много времени проводил вместе с ней в Ливадийском дворце.

Murasakinoyanagi Park, Kyoto City

NHK installed to popularize radio broadcast in 1920s and 1930s

Bessaflex TM x Ultron 2.0/40 SL Aspherical x kodak ColorPlus 200

Growing up on the east coast and doing most of my cemetery wanderings on the west, seeing photos on gravestones was something entirely new to me.

In this cemetery, I saw photos on stones over 100 years old. While the stones were deteriorating, the photos and whatever they were "printed" on were like new.

I had a ton of questions and the answers are there, but deserve way more than a caption on a photo.

These were photo-ceramic photos. They were invented in 1854 by a French lab. It seems that Italians brought it to this country, but in the midwest, it was eastern Europeans who popularized it. The cemetery where this was taken was a Ukrainian Catholic cemetery.

I couldn't find anything specific on how they were made. Most of the articles about them were written by people with no photography or lab experience.

Basically, an image was rephotographed onto a thin glass plate. The plate was then somehow fortified with various chemicals (see what I mean?). Then it was placed on a piece of ceramic and fired in a kiln to bond the glass to the ceramic (I think). Finally, a coat of resin was applied.

Whatever they did, the photos look brand new even more than a century later. I saw one with a bullet hole in it, and while the glass and ceramic broke, the emulsion itself didn't flake away. Amazing!

In America, the company that made and promoted them was J.A. Dedouch in Illinios. They were even sold by Montgomery Wards.

You can still get them today, but the process is different. While the photos are in color, they're printed (as in ink jet) and, from what I've seen, are prone to fading.

I took a good number of photos of these kinds of stone and will be sharing more (including the bullet hole one).

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'The Custom'

Camera: Chamonix 45F-2

Lens: Steinheil Rapid Antiplanet 6,5; 27cm

Film: Fomapan 100

Exposure: f/32; 1/2sec

Process: FA-1027; 1+14; 9min

North Dakota

July 2023

“Goodnight, Irene”, popularized by Leadbelly.

Sometimes I live in the country

Sometimes I live in the town

Sometimes I get a great notion

To jump into the river an’ drown

www.flickr.com/photos/kenny_barker/sets/72157625849798416/

She is selling "Juanes"

one of the main dishes of the cuisine of the Peruvian jungle and is widely consumed on June 24, the feast of St. John the Baptist (San Juan), hence the name. It is known that after the arrival of the Spanish people to Incan lands, missionaries popularized the biblical account of the beheading of St. John. This dish's name could therefore be, more specifically, a reference to the head of St. John.

The juane would have been a food usually made for travelers, as they could be stored for long periods without spoiling.

The juane is usually made on the basis of rice, meat, olives, hard-boiled egg, spices among others, which are wrapped with bijao (macaw-flower or heliconia) leaves and then put to boil for about an hour and a half. Rice can be substituted with cassava, chonta, the mixture of rice and cassava, beans, among other products. Before being wrapped in the leaves, the preparation is bathed with a mixture of beaten eggs to get the "pickup" (ligue in Spanish) of food and not fall off

Interlaken

es una comunidad suiza del cantón de Berna. Está situado en el centro de Suiza próxima a los Alpes. El río Aar atraviesa la ciudad.

El nombre de la ciudad viene de su posición geográfica entre los lagos de Thun y Brienz, este nombre fue adoptado en 1891, para sustituir su antiguo nombre: Aarmühle. Dada la popularidad del lugar entre visitantes provenientes de España y del mundo latino, su nombre en español Entrelagos también adquirió cierta divulgación en el ámbito turístico.

Lo más relevante de la comunidad era el convento de los Agustinos en ella se situaba dejando de funcionar en 1528. Se dice que es uno de los destinos turísticos más antiguos de Suiza y aún hoy es uno de los más populares y visitados. La estación de Interlaken tiene fama turística desde hace mucho tiempo. Entre sus clientes habituales figuraban por ejemplo Goethe, Lord Byron y Felix Mendelssohn.

Interlaken

It is a Swiss community in the canton of Bern. It is located in central Switzerland near the Alps. The river Aare runs through the city.

The name of the city comes from its geographical position between the lakes of Thun and Brienz, this name was adopted in 1891, to replace its old name: Aarmühle. Given the popularity of the place among visitors from Spain and the Latin world, its name in Spanish Entrelagos also acquired some popularization in the tourist field.

The most relevant part of the community was the Augustinian convent, where it ceased to function in 1528. It is said to be one of the oldest tourist destinations in Switzerland and even today it is one of the most popular and visited. Interlaken station has been famous for tourism for a long time. His regular clients included, for example, Goethe, Lord Byron and Felix Mendelssohn.

Let me say a huge thank you, for more than 7 million visits that I receive in networks. But please do not leave one of those big logos, that are flooding in flickr .

If you like, to see more of my photography, go to

www.flickr.com/photos/agustinruiz/

500px.com/agustin_ruiz_morilla

vimeo.com/agustinruizmorilla.

Calton Hill, Edinburgh, Scotland.

Scottish philosopher and mathematician. He is best known for popularizing the Scottish Enlightenment

Carriera is widely credited with raising pastel portraiture to a high art form and popularizing the medium throughout Europe. She became famous and was much sought after, which made for a successful lucrative career – a highly unusual achievement at the time for a woman. Her portraits were informal yet elegant, possessing a natural spontaneous quality that was lifelike yet still flattering, without idealizing.

Alien Abduction Day March 20

Alien Abduction Day is for those who believe they've been abducted by aliens in the past and for those who want or expect to be abducted by aliens today or in the future. It is also for all who are interested in stories about alien abductions. On March 20, 2008, Happy Worker, a custom toy manufacturer in Toronto, Canada, held the Alien Abduction Festival to celebrate “all things extraterrestrial & sci-fi, for alien fanatics and creative types alike.” It is unclear when Alien Abduction Day started. It may have started with this event, but Happy Worker said it existed before it. They gave a playful response about the creation of the holiday, saying, "Despite our extensive research, we don't know who created the day or for what specific purpose. But we assume it's the special day chosen by our alien overlords themselves. Every year on March 20 they swoop down and select lucky humans from around the globe for a personal tour of their spaceships, along with the unique opportunity to take part in various exciting testing procedures." Regardless as to who created the day and when, it seems to have at least been popularized following the Alien Abduction Festival.

Today in Lego Space, we're turning the tables. Today, an alien will be abducted!

20200320 080/366

Tulip Mania

Tulip mania or tulipomania (Dutch names include tulpenmanie, tulpomanie, tulpenwoede, tulpengekte, and bollengekte) was a period in the Dutch Golden Age during which contract prices for bulbs of the newly-introduced tulip reached extraordinarily high levels and then suddenly collapsed. At the peak of tulip mania in February 1637 tulip contracts sold for more than 20 times the annual income of a skilled craftsman. It is generally considered the first recorded speculative bubble.[1] The term "tulip mania" is often used metaphorically to refer to any large economic bubble.[2]

The event was popularized in 1841 by the book Extraordinary Popular Delusions and the Madness of Crowds, written by British journalist Charles Mackay. According to Mackay, at one point 12 acres (5 ha) of land were offered for a Semper Augustus bulb.[3] Mackay claims that many such investors were ruined by the fall in prices, and Dutch commerce suffered a severe shock. Although Mackay's book is a classic that is widely reprinted today, his account is controversial. Modern scholars believe that the mania was not as extraordinary as Mackay described; some suggesting that no economically meaningful bubble occurred.[4]

Dedicated to borealnz. Please visit her wonderful stream at www.flickr.com/photos/borealnz/ Thank you Jill for your inspiration.

View Large On Black

Created for Complete Herbal

Featured on Explore 10/04/2008

From a long weekend spent around the Nürburgring Nordschleife. Regarded as one of the most challenging purpose built racetracks in the world and popularized in recent years by Top Gear, when living in Germany it's just something you should do if you even remotely love cars.

The track is open on designated days for Touristenfahrten, where anyone with a road legal car can turn up, pay the toll (currently skyrocketing at €24 a lap) and hammer out a lap at whatever pace you feel like. There's a somewhat strange mix of cars on the track, from race prepped 911 GT2s through to merc s class wagon river barges. No matter providing everyone keeps out of each others way, but alas this isn't always the case - on the day we drove it the track was closed at least 4 times due to crashes.

Even if you don't feel up to hitting the track as a driver or passenger (Ring Taxi!) there's fantastic access to most of the trackside for car spotting, and with a few holes in the fence at the right places this makes for some very good panning opportunities.

Approximately 3 billion fortune cookies made each year around the world. The vast majority of them for consumption in the United States but they are served in many Chinese restaurants in Australia, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Finland, France, Germany, India, Italy, Mexico, United Kingdom. Rumours that fortune cookies were invented in China are seen as false. The exact origin of fortune cookies is unclear, though various immigrant groups in California claim to have popularized them in the early 20th century. Who knows for sure!

I was just delighted to find a really good Chinese Restaurant/Take Away locally. Fortunate for me!

It's great to see the level of Mono Lake coming up! I occasionally lead a seminar for the Mono Lake Committee, to support their work as well as the agencies that they work with (USDA Forest Service, California State Parks, etc.). In recent years we've raised approximately $14,000 via the Mono Lake Committee and over $60,000 through the Bodie Foundation. I feel it's important to give back and support resource management for our local parks and public lands.

Some guy walked up behind us, repeatedly spilled bright light onto our foreground, then yelled when light from our group accidentally spilled back where he had moved in behind us!

Such conflicts come with the territory in popular places, but it's a great example of why I don't support popularizing other, less crowded places for night photography. Common courtesy is disturbingly uncommon!

Fellsfjara is one of the most visited places in Iceland. People may know it by a different name - Diamond Beach, however this is not a historical name, but rather a successful marketing attempt to popularize the site. It's clear to see why it worked, as icebergs from the nearby Jökulsárlón glacier lagoon shimmer like pieces of diamonds against the volcanic black sand of the Atlantic ocean.

The lagoon itself is relatively new. Jökulsárlón began forming when Breiðamerkurjökull Glacier started retreating about 90 years ago. Before 1934 the outlet glacier reached the highway but then began to retreat. The lagoon is now only about 250 meters away from the Atlantic Ocean and around 30km² in size. Jökulsárlón is also the deepest lake in Iceland with a maximum depth of around 260 meters.There are dozens of glacier lagoons around Vatnajökull, but only one where so much ice is deposited alongside the beach.

As the tide rises, warmer ocean waters enter the lagoon, mixing with glacier water and uplifting the glacial outlet. When it retreats, the tips of the glacial outlet break off and drift out to the sea and get washed up on the nearby shore. This is a year around process, so barring very specific conditions (Strong south eastern winds that blow ice chunks away from the mouth of the river, or extreme cold freezing the lagoon) it can be observed any time of the year.

Fellsfjara, Iceland

Nikon D810, Tamron 15-30mm

www.dzenisphoto.com

instagram.com/kaspars.dz.photo/

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"Psychology"

a schema describes patterns of thinking and behavior that people use to interpret the world. We use schemas because they allow us to take shortcuts in interpreting the vast amount of information that is available in our environment.

Theorist Jean Piaget introduced the term schema, and its use was popularized through his work. According to his theory of cognitive development, children go through a series of stages of intellectual growth.

In Piaget's theory, a schema is both the category of knowledge as well as the process of acquiring that knowledge. He believed that people are constantly adapting to the environment as they take in new information and learn new things.

quote

Everything which distinguishes man from the animals depends upon this ability to volatilize perceptual metaphors in a schema, and thus to dissolve an image into a concept.

Friedrich Nietzsche

Western philosophy

The National Wallace Monument (generally known as the Wallace Monument) is a 67 m (220 ft) tower on the shoulder of the Abbey Craig, a hilltop overlooking Stirling in Scotland.[1] It commemorates Sir William Wallace, a 13th- and 14th-century Scottish hero.[2]

I am William Wallace, and I see a whole army of my countrymen here in defiance of tyranny. You have come to fight as free men, and free men you are. What will you do without freedom? Will you fight?

Aye. Fight, and you may die. Run, and you'll live, at least a while. Dying in your beds many years from now, would you be willing to trade all the days from this day to that for one chance, just one chance, to come back here and tell our enemies that they may take our lives, but they'll never take our FREEDOM.?

Here are some facts about William Wallace:

Scottish Knight: William Wallace was a Scottish knight who became one of the main leaders during the First War of Scottish Independence against England.

2

Battle of Stirling Bridge: He famously led the Scots to victory against a larger English army at the Battle of Stirling Bridge in September 1297.

2

National Hero: Wallace is regarded as one of Scotland's greatest national heroes and is celebrated for his role in the fight for Scottish independence.

2

Execution: He was captured in 1305 and executed by the English, becoming a martyr for the Scottish cause.

2

Cultural Legacy: Wallace's life and struggles were popularized in the film "Braveheart," which depicts his quest for freedom.

1

These facts highlight Wallace's significance in Scottish history and his enduring legacy as a symbol of resistance against oppression.

National Wallace Monument and Ochil Hills in autumn

The tower is open to the public for an admission fee. Visitors approach by foot from the base of the crag on which it stands. On entry there are 246 steps to the final observation platform, with three exhibition rooms within the body of the tower. The tower is not accessible to disabled visitors.[2]

History

The tower was constructed following a fundraising campaign, which accompanied a resurgence of Scottish national identity in the 19th century. The campaign was begun in Glasgow in 1851 by Rev Charles Rogers, who was joined by William Burns. Burns took sole charge from around 1855 following Rogers' resignation. In addition to public subscription, it was partially funded by contributions from a number of foreign donors, including Italian national leader Giuseppe Garibaldi. The Victorian Gothic monument was created by architect John Thomas Rochead.[3]

The foundation stone was laid in 1861 by the Duke of Atholl in his role as Grand Master Mason of Scotland, with a short speech given by Sir Archibald Alison.[4] Abbey Craig, a volcanic crag above Cambuskenneth Abbey, was chosen as the location of the tower, said to have been the point from which Wallace watched the gathering of the army of King Edward I of England just before the Battle of Stirling Bridge in 1297.

The sandstone tower, which is 67-metre (220-foot) tall, took eight years to build. It was completed in 1869 and cost £18,000[3] (about £1.8million in 2024).[5]

Visitor attraction

The monument is open to the general public. Visitors climb the 246-step spiral staircase to the viewing gallery inside the monument's crown, which provides expansive views of the Ochil Hills and the Forth Valley.

A number of artifacts believed to have belonged to Wallace are on display inside the monument, including the Wallace Sword, a 1.63 m (5 ft 4 in) longsword weighing almost three kilograms (seven pounds).[6] Inside is also a Hall of Heroes, a series of busts of famous Scots, effectively a small national Hall of Fame. The heroes[7] are Robert the Bruce, George Buchanan, John Knox, Allan Ramsay, Robert Burns,[8] Robert Tannahill, Adam Smith, James Watt, Sir Walter Scott, William Murdoch, Sir David Brewster, Thomas Carlyle,[9] Hugh Miller, Thomas Chalmers, David Livingstone, and W. E. Gladstone.[10] In 2017 it was announced that Mary Slessor and Maggie Keswick Jencks would be the first heroines to be celebrated in the hall.[11]

El Mesón de Cándido is a restaurant located next to the aqueduct. Its inauguration dates back to the 17th century. The name and fame of the inn is due to the middle of the 20th century when it was acquired by the Castilian chef and senior innkeeper Cándido López who popularized Segovian cuisine by making roast suckling pig and his own stage design of cutting the edge of the dish when serving them.

El Mesón de Cándido es un local de hostelería ubicado junto al acueducto.​ Su inauguración data del siglo XVII. El nombre y la fama del mesón se debe, a mediados del siglo XX, cuando lo adquiere el cocinero castellano y mesonero mayor Cándido López que popularizó la cocina segoviana mediante la realización de cochinillo asado y su escenografía propia de corte al canto del plato al servirlos.

El Acueducto de Segovia.

Segovia (Comunidad autónoma de Castilla y León). Spain

Thalía - Ariadna Thalía Sodi Miranda (born 26 August 1971), known mononymously as Thalía, is a Mexican singer, songwriter and actress. Referred to as the "Queen of Latin Pop", she is considered one of the most successful and influential Mexican artists. Having sold around 25 million records worldwide, she is one of the best-selling Latin music artists of all time. Aside from her native Spanish, Thalía has also sung in English, French, Portuguese and Tagalog.

Her accolades include five Billboard Latin Music Awards, eight Lo Nuestro Awards, seven Latin Grammy Award nominations, and the Latin Recording Academy's President's Merit Award in 2019. She has collaborated with multiple artists, such as Tony Bennett, Michael Bublé, Robbie Williams, Marc Anthony, Laura Pausini, Romeo Santos, Maluma, Fat Joe, and Carlos Vives.

As an actress, Thalía starred in a variety of successful telenovelas that aired in over 180 countries with an estimated audience of 2 billion people according to UNICEF, which led to her being called the "Queen of Telenovelas". The global impact of her telenovelas helped her popularize her music in non-Spanish speaking territories and markets in Europe and Asia. The Mexican media company Televisa called her the best-paid telenovela actress in history, while Billboard said she is the most widely recognized Spanish-speaking soap star in the world.

Considered a Latin pop icon, Thalía was included among Billboard's Greatest Latin Artists of All Time in 2020 and People En Español's 100 most iconic Hispanic entertainers of all time in 2008. On 5 December 2013, she was honored with a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame in recognition of her achievements in the music industry. As a businesswoman, Thalía enjoyed success with a fashion brand (having signed a deal with Macy's), as well she had her own nationally syndicated radio show and is the author of four books, including her memoir. During her career, Thalía has been involved in humanitarian causes and is a UNICEF Mexico Ambassador since 2016.

LINK to video - Thalia Admits She Didn't Know English On Blind Date With Future Husband Tommy Mottola - www.youtube.com/watch?v=CXiT7NF7SdA

LINK to video - Thalia - Desde Esa Noche (Premio Lo Nuestro 2016) ft. Maluma - www.youtube.com/watch?v=6C_s56iscpQ

LINK to video - Thalia, NATTI NATASHA - No Me Acuerdo (Official Video) - www.youtube.com/watch?v=iQEVguV71sI

Korero was a librarian working in Ko-Koro, meticulously organizing and re-organizing the shelves according to a system only he understood. Over time he gained a reputation for pestering Akaku-wearing colleagues to swap masks.

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After the Matoran population migrated to Spherus Magna in the wake of Makuta's fall, the pungent Thornax fruit became a delicacy among them - much to the surprise of the Agori natives. Tipu, a Le-Matoran fruit vendor, was among the first to popularize it among his people.

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Built for MayToran 2025! Join in - all you need to do is build any sort of Matoran and post either on Flickr or on Instagram!

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More images: www.instagram.com/p/DJ2c9HRNDoj/

OLD IRISH PRAYER.

"May the road rise to meet you

May the wind be always at your back

May the sun shine warm upon your face

May the rain fall soft upon your fields

And until we meet again

may God hold you in the palm of his hand"

KILKENNY, IRELAND.

75 MILES SOUTH OF DUBLIN.

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Jenkinstown Wood was once part of a large estate. The old house is long gone but remnants of 1870s parkland have survived, including rare Necklace Poplars. There’s also a small garden commemorating Thomas Moore, who wrote the Last Rose of Summer while staying at Jenkinstown House. The actual Rose that inspired him lives on. A cutting taken from it flourishes in the National Botanic Gardens at Glasnevin, Dublin. The wood has a picnic site and marked trails.

this area is just 10 minutes drive from Kilkenny city. Ireland.

The Last Rose of Summer is a poem by Irish poet Thomas Moore, who was a friend of Byron and Shelley. Moore wrote it in 1805 while at Jenkinstown Park in County Kilkenny, Ireland. Sir John Stevenson set the poem to its widely-known melody, and this was published in a collection of Moore's work called Irish Melodies (1807-34).

Friedrich von Flotow uses the song in his opera "Martha," premiered in 1847 in Vienna. It is a favorite air ("Letzte Rose") of the character Lady Harriet. The interpolation works, and indeed the song helped popularize the opera. (According to the 1954 Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, the opera grew from an 1844 ballet-pantomime, "Lady Henriette," for which Flotow wrote the music to Act One. Burgmuller and Deldevez wrote the rest of the music; "Lady Henriette" was produced in Paris.)

Sarah Brightman recorded the song for her album The Trees They Grow So High. It is sung in the musical group Celtic Woman by Méav Ní Mhaolchatha and Hayley Westenra, and was made popular in the twenty-first century in a recording by Charlotte Church and the Irish Tenors.

Tis the last rose of Summer

Left blooming alone;

All her lovely companions

Are faded and gone;

No flower of her kindred,

No rosebud is nigh,

To reflect back her blushes,

To give sigh for sigh.

I'll not leave thee, thou lone one!

To pine on the stem;

Since the lovely are sleeping,

Go, sleep thou with them.

Thus kindly I scatter,

Thy leaves o'er the bed,

Where thy mates of the garden

Lie scentless and dead.

So soon may I follow,

When friendships decay,

From Love's shining circle

The gems drop away.

When true hearts lie withered

And fond ones are flown,

Oh! who would inhabit,

This bleak world alone?

Do not use this image on websites, blogs or other media without my permission.

© All rights reserved.

Model: my niece

Makeup: my husband and daughter.

Dia De Los Muertos is a holiday celebrated throughout Mexico and around the world in other cultures. People gather to pray for and remember friends and family members who have died. The celebration takes place on Nov. 1st and 2nd in connection with the Catholic holiday of All Saints Day. A common symbol of the holiday is the skull. Foods, such as sugar or chocolate skulls, are given to both the living and the dead. One of the most popular modern figures of the Day of the Dead is the elegant skull mask or makeup known as La Calavera Catrina, popularized by Mexican cartoonist illustrator and artist Jose Guadalupa Posada, who in 1910-1913 did a series of calaveras which were humorous images of the upper class depicted as skeletons.

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Established in about 13th century, initially as a merchant road leading to the oval market place.

Soon after bloody takeover of Gdansk by Teutonic Knights, known as the Gdansk slaughter, the street become the city's main artery. Its official name in Latin Longa Platea was first written in 1331, German name Langgasse was introduced later and Polish Ulica Dluga in 1552.

Before the Partitions of Poland it was also called the Royal Route because it served as a road of solemn entrances into the city during the visitations by Polish monarchs.

The latter name was popularized between 1457-1552. During the monarchs' visits to the city they were entertained in the tenement houses along the route and during the feasts of the Royal family the city council arrange fireworks here.

The street was inhabited by the most prominent and the most wealthy citizens of the Royal City of Gdansk. It was also a place of executions of witches, heretics and criminals that were nobles or city's citizens.

The others were executed on Galgenberg/Szubieniczna Gora (Gallows Mountain) or in Peinkammertor/Katownia (Torture chamber).

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Fundada hacia el siglo XIII, en un principio era una vía comercial que conducía al mercado ovalado.

Poco después de la sangrienta toma de Gdansk por los Caballeros Teutónicos, conocida como la matanza de Gdansk, la calle se convirtió en la arteria principal de la ciudad. Su nombre oficial en latín Longa Platea se escribió por primera vez en 1331, el nombre alemán Langgasse se introdujo más tarde y el polaco Ulica Dluga en 1552.

Antes de las particiones de Polonia se llamaba también Ruta Real porque servía de vía de entrada solemne a la ciudad durante las visitas de los monarcas polacos.

Este último nombre se popularizó entre 1457-1552. Durante las visitas de los monarcas a la ciudad eran agasajados en las casas de vecindad que se encontraban a lo largo de la ruta y durante las fiestas de la familia real el ayuntamiento organizaba aquí fuegos artificiales.

La calle estaba habitada por los ciudadanos más destacados y ricos de la Ciudad Real de Gdansk. También era un lugar de ejecuciones de brujas, herejes y criminales que eran nobles o ciudadanos de la ciudad.

Los demás eran ejecutados en Galgenberg/Szubieniczna Gora (Montaña de la Horca) o en Peinkammertor/Katownia (Cámara de Tortura).

A miniature vacuum tube (valve), popularized in the 1950s, next to the circuit board from a USB switch, an example of surface-mount technology using sophisticated integrated circuits, technologies introduced in the 1980s and continually refined since.

Each chip contains one million or more microscopic transistors, a small number of each roughly functionally comparable to what one tube did. Imagine replicating the function of this circuit using tubes, and you'll end up with something taking up a convention center's worth of space, consuming an astounding amount of power to run and cool, and basically being a reliability nightmare compared to what modern microelectronics can achieve nowadays.

See the Light at the End of the Tunnel

The origin of this expression is unclear. Some sources say the idiom is first attested in the early 1900s. Others put it in the 1800s.

Regardless, the idiom should call to mind a dark and dangerous tunnel. When one can see the light at the end of the tunnel, one knows how to get out, and that the end of the ordeal is almost there. The light symbolizes hope.

It is possible that the U.S. President John F. Kennedy helped to popularize this expression when he used it in a speech about the Vietnam War.

Sometimes, people joke that the light at the end of the tunnel is actually the light of an oncoming train. The idea behind this is to make an optimistic expression more negative.

This might be the case with the current pandemic.

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It would have been nice to get both hands on the binoculars, but that day I didn't have the tripod; so the camera was in my left hand.

Asperitas (formerly known as Undulatus asperatus) is a cloud formation first popularized and proposed as a type of cloud in 2009 by Gavin Pretor-Pinney of the Cloud Appreciation Society. Added to the International Cloud Atlas as a supplementary feature in March of 2017, it is the first cloud formation added since cirrus intortus in 1951

I drove down to Nubble for sunrise this morning. Finding it lackluster, I decided to wander up the coast a bit and enjoy the morning. My first stop was Marginal Way in Ogunquit. I named this image 'Moe's Rocks' in honor of Moe Chen Photography, who popularized this spot with his amazing images about 6 years ago. Perhaps photographers were coming here before, but I believe his work really inspired a lot of the new digital landscape folks to give this spot a try. I know it did for me.

Anyways, I was mainly here to enjoy the walk, and I did. It was very warm with the most amazing smells coming from the ocean and the flowering shrubs such as honeysuckle and rosa rugosa that line the path. I took a few snapshots just for fun, and wandered all the way from Perkins Cove past the security camera lighthouse (whatever that thing is, haha). Walking down a set of stairs to the ocean, I saw a familiar rock formation on one of the sandy beaches, and knew that Moe had captured one of my favorite images of his there. The light wasn't the best, but some nice crepuscular rays had formed on the horizon where the sun was shining through the clouds. I waited for the waves to lap perfectly among the rocks in front of me, and captured my image.

The Botkin Trail in the Yalta Nature Reserve is one of the most famous hiking trails in the Crimean Mountains. Its length from Kirov Street to the top of Stavri-Kay aMount is 4.5 kilometers.

The Botkin Trail route was created in 1901 for tuberculosis patients. They could take wellness walks here, so it is also called the "Health Trail". In these places, the phytoncides of the coniferous forest are mixed with the sea breeze, which creates a positive effect for the treatment of lung diseases.

Professor Sergey Botkin was one of the most famous physicians in Russia in the second half of the 19th century. He received the title of academician and the position of physician of the royal family. Since 1870, he has been studying the climate of the Southern coast of Crimea and made a huge contribution to the popularization of recreation and the development of sanatoriums in the Crimea. He was the first to note the healing properties of the air on the Southern coast of Crimea for the treatment of lung diseases.

Боткинская тропа проложена по левому берегу реки Учан-Су. Начинаясь у Поляны сказок, она завершается у скалы Ставри-Кая. Правда, завершается условно, поскольку сразу переходит в Штангеевскую тропу, которая заканчивается у водопада Учан-Су. Нередко две тропы объединяют в один маршрут. Это логично, поскольку в противном случае от скалы Ставри-Кая придется возвращаться обратно по уже пройденному пути. Если же идти до водопада, получится круизный маршрут.

Тропу оборудовали в 1901-1902 году силами Крымско-Кавказского горного клуба. В то время активно действовало ее ялтинское отделение. Назвать решили в честь доктора Боткина. Он хоть и жил в Москве, но активно участвовал в исследовании роли Южного берега Крыма как курортологического направления. Получив звание академика, он стал лейб-медиком царской семьи и много времени проводил вместе с ней в Ливадийском дворце.

“I am what I am because of who we all are.”

~Definition of Ubuntu, a Bantu concept popularized by Nelson Mandela

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someone told me you're supposed to think of the five or ten people you spend most time with. what do those people do? are they passionate about it? even if it's not something you're interested in, necessarily, do they or does what they do inspire you? If the answer is no, then it’s time to find new friends, because the biggest predictor of success (however you want to define it) is the people who surround you.

i haven't written much about my photos lately... mostly due to lack of time... but when i thought about this week's Me Again Monday theme: reflect on the good things 2011 had to offer....i instantly thought about all of you.

YOUR passion has started me collecting YOUR work to hang on my walls (feel free to tag yourself if you like...). some of my favorites shown here are reminders of you all... of your amazing talents... of our relationships... of our common passion for this industry whether it's our hobby or our profession, it's what ties us together..... and i thank 2011 for that.

happy new year friends! and hmam!

Bam #24

Maybe Turkey's answer to Punch and Judy. I stumbled across this open air stage performance on my way home.

Karagöz (meaning blackeye in Turkish) and Hacivat are the lead characters of the traditional Turkish shadow play, popularized during the Ottoman period.

The central theme of the plays is the contrasting interaction between the two main characters: Karagöz represents the illiterate but straightforward public, whereas Hacivat belongs to the educated class, speaking Ottoman Turkish and using a poetical and literary language. Karagöz's native wit always gets the better of Hacivat's learning (but his money-making ventures always fail).

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karag%c3%b6z_and_Hacivat

Català / Español / English

Gorg de Santa Margarida

El gorg de Santa Margarida és potser el més espectacular de tot el riu Brugent (o antigament dit riu Amera). És el límit natural on comença la Vall d’Amer, ja que a partir d’aquí, el riu baixa amb les aigües més ‘amerades’ deixant aigües amunt els bonics gorgs del municipi de Les Planes d’Hostoles. També podríem dir que fa de separació entre les comarques de La Selva i la Garrotxa.

Aquest preciós saltant queda just a sota la fàbrica d’embotits Monter, que antigament aprofitava el mateix desnivell d’aigua per a fer funcionar les seves màquines.

És un lloc d’imprescindible visita durant tot l’any però especialment a l’estiu, ja que el bany està permès tot i que darrerament i amb la popularització d’aquest indret, l’Ajuntament de les Planes, que és qui ho gestiona, n’ha regulat l’accés durant els mesos de més afluència.

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Gorg de Santa Margarita

La poza de Santa Margarita es quizás el más espectacular de todo el río Brugent (o antiguamente dicho río Amer). Es el límite natural donde comienza el Valle de Amer, ya que a partir de ahí, el río baja con las aguas más 'amerades' dejando aguas arriba los bonitos pozas del municipio de Les Planes. También podríamos decir que hace de separación entre las comarcas de La Selva y la Garrotxa.

Este precioso saltando queda justo bajo la fábrica de embutidos Monter, que antiguamente aprovechaba el mismo desnivel de agua para hacer funcionar sus máquinas.

Es un lugar de imprescindible visita durante todo el año pero especialmente en verano, ya que el baño está permitido aunque últimamente y con la popularización de este lugar, el Ayuntamiento de Les Planes, que es quien lo gestiona , ha regulado el acceso durante los meses de más afluencia.

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Gorg de Santa Margarida

The gorge of Santa Margarida is perhaps the most spectacular of the whole Brugent river (or formerly called Amera river). It is the natural limit where the Vall d’Amer begins, since from here, the river goes down with the most ‘soaked’ waters, leaving upstream the beautiful gorges of the municipality of Les Planes d’Hostoles. We could also say that it separates between the counties of La Selva and La Garrotxa.

This beautiful spring is just below the Monter sausage factory, which used to use the same level of water to run its machines.

It is an essential place to visit all year round but especially in summer, as bathing is allowed, although lately and with the popularization of this place, the City Council of Les Planes, which manages it. , has regulated access during the busiest months.

Font: valldamer.cat/gorg-de-santa-margarida/