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The great gate (darwaza-i rauza) that leads from the north of the jilaukhana to the garden, and ultimately to the mausoleum of Mumtaz Mahal, is a large structure with triadic openings. Looking at the south elevation, the base of the gate measures nearly 38 meters and its peripheral walls, including the cupolas, are 30 meters in height. The central pishtaq, also including the cupolas, is 33 meters in height and 19 meters wide. The gate is composed of red sandstone with decorative panels and accents in white marble. The surface treatment of the pishtaqs is elaborate: it is framed in white marble and inlaid with precious stones. Its central arch is delineated by a triple rope moulding and surrounded by a frame containing the Daybreak Sura (Sura al-Fajr) in thuluth script. The entry iwan contains muqarnas in red sandstone, which contrast with the white plaster paint outlining each segment. (The northern elevation of the gate is identical to the southern one; the lower left corner of its framed inscription also contains the signature of the calligrapher, Amanat Khan). Topping the central pishtaq is a series of eleven arches in red sandstone, capped by a chajja; eleven white marble chhatris crown the chajja. A single column rises from the pishtaq to complete each end of the arcade; this column terminates in a finial above the chhatris. This same column runs in engaged form along the height of the pishtaq itself.
Taj Mahal, the pinnacle of Mughal architecture, was built by the Mughal emperor Shah Jahan (1628-1658), grandson of Akbar the great, in the memory of his queen Arjumand Bano Begum, entitled ‘Mumtaz Mahal’. Mumtaz Mahal was a niece of empress Nur Jahan and granddaughter of Mirza Ghias Beg I’timad-ud-Daula, wazir of emperor Jehangir. She was born in 1593 and died in 1631, during the birth of her fourteenth child at Burhanpur. Her mortal remains were temporarily buried in the Zainabad garden. Six months later, her body was transferred to Agra to be finally enshrined in the crypt of the main tomb of the Taj Mahal. The Taj Mahal is the mausoleum of both Mumtaz Mahal and Shah Jahan.
The mausoleum is located on the right bank of the river Yamuna at a point where it takes a sharp turn and flows eastwards. Originally, the land where the Taj Mahal presently stands belonged to the Kachhwahas of Ajmer (Rajasthan). The land was acquired from them in lieu of four havelis as is testified by a court historian, Abdul Hamid Lahauri, in his work titled the Badshah-Namah and the firmans (royal decrees). For construction, a network of wells was laid along the river line to support the huge mausoleum buildings. Masons, stonecutters, inlayers, carvers, painters, calligraphers, dome-builders and other artisans were requisitioned from the whole of the empire and also from Central Asia and Iran. While bricks for internal constructions were locally prepared, white marble for external use in veneering work was obtained from Makrana in Rajasthan. Semi-precious stones for inlay ornamentation were brought from distant regions of India, Ceylon and Afghanistan. Red sandstone of different tints was requisitioned from the neighbouring quarries of Sikri, Dholpur, etc. It took 17 years for the monument complex to be completed in 1648.
In all, the Taj Mahal covers an area of 60 bighas, as the terrain gradually sloped from south to north, towards the river, in the form of descending terraces. At the southern point is the forecourt with the main gate in front and tombs of Akbarabadi Begum and Fatehpuri Begum, two other queens of Shah Jahan, on its south-east and south-west corners respectively called Saheli Burj 1 and 2.
On the second terrace is a spacious square garden, with side pavilions. It is divided into four quarters by broad shallow canals of water, with wide walkways and cypress avenues on the sides. The water channels and fountains are fed by overhead water tanks. These four quarters are further divided into the smaller quarters by broad causeways, so that the whole scheme is in a perfect char-bagh.
The main tomb of the Taj is basically square with chamfered corners. The minarets here are detached, facing the chamfered angles (corners) of the main tomb on the main plinth. Red sandstone mosque on the western, and Mehman-Khana on the eastern side of the tomb provides aesthetically a clear colour contrast.
The Taj has some wonderful specimens of polychrome inlay art both in the interior and exterior on the dados, on cenotaphs and on the marble jhajjhari (jali-screen) around them.
In the beginning of August, while I was driving around Straumoya, I saw something orange in my peripheral vision. But I paid attention to the road and drove a bit further.
When I looked to the left again, I realized a fox was lying there, and a second later, that it must be a cub. It was lying there, basking in the sun!
I quickly ran to the back to grab my camera, and when I came back, it was still there, "thankfully."
But my camera wouldn't focus. "Damn, I hope it's not broken."
After a few more failed attempts, it finally clicked.
My autofocus was set to 10 meters and further, "Smart guy me!" After a few shots, I got out of my camper to take a closer shot. "I hope it doesn't run away."
"It's not running away at all, it's coming closer," so close that I have to zoom out to keep it in the frame.
He sits down, leisurely and curious, staring at me. He has certainly never seen such an old sock like me before!
When I look at this image now I still feel the marvel of this wonderful encounter and the joy of seeing such a curious little animal that didn't show any anxiety at that moment.
Yesterday evening I was driving into London when I came up to a red light, there was a fair amount of traffic so I figured it might be a wait. I saw motion in my peripheral so glanced to my left where I saw 4 men in a red van, they were looking worried and motioning to my wheel, I was worried and wound down my window. Initially I smiled at them, thankful they were warning me of whatever might be wrong with my car, my smile faded rapidly as they all looked at me and, instead, started berating me with verbal sexual abuse. Completely horrendous disgusting things that that said they wanted to do to me. I turned and stared forward trying to wind my window up, I remembered pretty quickly that my window had been broken for a while now and doesn't wind up to the top without help, so I had to leave it, with a rather large gap. For the next 5 minutes I was frozen in shock and fear holding into my steering wheel staring forward willing the light to turn green so I could leave.
I don't think anyone needs to hear the specifics of the things they were saying, in the realm of how they wanted to bend me over this or that and shove things in here or there. I had a deep visceral reaction to there abuse, I was instantly shaking and felt vulnerable and targeted. It all felt so invasive.
Luckily the light turned green and I drove off towards my destination, which fortunately was a restaurant where my family was.
On the drive home a thought more about the incident, it reminded me of the recent leaked video of Presidential candidate Donald Trump. He may have passed it off as locker room banter, or that it was just words, but what his actions and thoughts and voice, what it does it condone this kind of behaviour, that other men will think this is ok. It is not ok.
As I was sat there staring forward holding back tears as they spoke those horrendous words I didn't understand, I didn't understand why they kept talking, why they kept saying more predatory sexual things, how they kept objectifying me when I was so visibly scared and upset. What humans are these?
My incident was minor but had a horribly visceral reaction, more incidents are a lot lot worse, horribly so. On reflection I will come back to how damaging videos like the one of Trump perpetuate this behaviour. If you asked those men after what they were doing, they would just say they were just being a bunch of lads, it was just banter. It should never be passed of as any of these things, as a result you are making someone physically shake, you are making them scared, feel vulnerable and frozen with fear.
This isn't acceptable.
I did post about what happen on Instagram and will say this though, for every completely shit person out there, there is also a thousand amazing people and I can't thank you enough to all those people that commented to show their mutual outrage and to see if I was ok. I am, and you all helped, thank you so much.
finally got photoshop on my laptop for a 30 day trial. I say this every time I upload but I miss flickr so much sometimes and I miss who I used to be x
Thanks for taking the time to view my image. Your comments & faves are greatly appreciated.
"HAVE A GO AT OUR OPEN MONTHLY CHALLENGE"
The subjects for this month and details on how to take part can be found here.
Anyone, anywhere with any camera can take part.
One fine day in Hell, The Devil cultivated one of his finest grows of marijuana yet! And what was The Devil to do with such a fine grow? Why, sell it of course! What better way to steer those humans wrong than to sway them with "The Devil's lettuce?" But where would he go to sell it? Then it suddenly hit him: Jamaica! So up to the hot, sunny island of Jamaica The Devil went!
A couple of hours later, The Devil was chilling on the beach under an umbrella on his favorite pot leaf towel. Word had gotten out about the horned fellow selling excellent weed, and people had started lining up! Bag after bag, the marijuana sold and soon the line was starting to dwindle.
While relaxing back, The Devil glanced along the down the beach. It was then that he noticed a young man a short distance away with a backpack kneeling with a small crowd of people as they lounged around on the beach. The Devil watched as he was handed some cash. Then sure enough, the young man whipped out a small bag of what was clearly marijuana and was handing it to one of the guys in the crowd.
'Oh Hell no! The Devil thought as he pursed his lips. Tapping his rainbow penis bong with air of annoyance, he pondered what to do with this boy and how to get rid of him. How dare he come and take away from his business! Surely he, The Devil, had a far more superior marijuana to offer. Then The Devil grinned wickedly as a brilliant idea came to mind! He'd make sure there would never be doubt on this beach ever again!
Laughing and slapping his customer's shoulder as he completed the sale, Johnny was feeling fucking fantastic! He'd made several sales today; many from satisfied repeat-customers. The stuff he was peddling was some of his best grow yet and word was getting around!
'This weed's the bomb!' Johnny thought to himself. 'I bet even the Devil couldn't grow shit this good!'
As he walked away from the small group of people, Johnny looked up to be greeted with the smug, grinning face of a man he'd never seen before. Johnny blinked, staring into the man's gleaming red eyes.
'Is it just me or are his eyes like...red-RED? Not like blazed red. Though they ARE blazed red too...' Johnny thought before his gaze lifted to the two horns protruding from his forehead. He blinked hard and slowly. Yep, they were still there. That meant....wait...were they real?! Looking him over, realization began to set in Johnny's eyes as he realized The Devil was...actually here, blazed as all fuck and looking like some...stoner demon Daddy.
The Devil watched as the boy's eyes shifted from his horns back to his eyes, realization clearly upon his face. With a sly smile, the Devil slid right up next to Johnny and put his arm around his shoulders.
"Boy, lemme tell you what!" came The Devil's cocky voice as he began to lead the astonished boy along the beach back towards his set up. "I guess you kinda figured I'm a reefer head of course. After all this time I guess that I'm a connoisseur of sorts."
Johnny nodded, following along. So The Devil really was a stoner too! But as The Devil leaned back and sniffed the air over Johnny's shoulder, he felt a little annoyed as The Devil gave him a sort of look that indicated uncertainty.
"Now your stuff smells okay, but this could tranquilize a horse!" He held up his free hand and in it appeared a large jar of his top shelf quality marijuana, generously decorated with a dusting of trichomes and the brightest orange hairs Johnny had ever seen! Johnny's eyes widened in amazement as The Devil's eyes flashed red.
"I bet a million in cash against your stash cause I think mine's better than yours!"
Johnny's eyes widened, stopping in his tracks as he stared at The Devil. Was he for real?! It...seemed so. Johnny looked at the jar in The Devil's hand. With a smirk, Johnny lifted his gaze and stared defiantly into The Devil's eyes. Feeling bold and confident about his own phenomenal bud, he stated, "My name's Johnny, and you ain't smoked nothing yet! One hit of this grass'll kick your ass! You got yourself a bet."
The Devil stared at the young man for a long second and then let out a boisterous laugh. He slapped Johnny on the back and continued to lead the way to his umbrella. "Right this this way, Johnny. By the way, did you know this is the kind of stuff they smoked in Vietnam?"
It was only a minute later that The Devil and Johnny were settling side on the pot leaf towel. The Devil had already had a nice set up with a box of rolled joints, some doobies, lots of extra papers, and a rather colorful rainbow penis bong. Johnny set his bag aside and drew out his own pipe and extra papers with a big, cheesy stoner grin. Next, they both set out their million in cash and it was time for the game to begin! Johnny hoped that the weed hadn't gotten his confidence up too high and he could cope with whatever The Devil had brought...or else the Devil was gonna get his dope!
The Devil held out his hand and a large bong appeared. With a wicked gleam in his eyes, he packed it with Acapulco Gold as his prized marijuana was named. The snapped his fingers and resin flew from his fingertips as his thumb lit on fire, Johnny watching eagerly.
The Devil brought the flame to the bowl, inhaling deep and hard as the chamber filled all the way with smoke! He took a mighty hit and even Johnny couldn't help but stare with wide eyes at the massive amount of smoke!
"Holy shit..." The Devil wheezed after he took a second hit. He reached over and offered the bong to Johnny who took gladly and chuckled, "Interesting choice of words there, Devil." The Devil cackled as Johnny snickered and snatched up his lighter. A moment later, Johnny lit the bowl and took a huuuuuge hit as well! "Oh shit!" Johnny said before exhaling, blowing out just as much smoke as The Devil had! The Devil laughed as Johnny took his second hit and passed the bong back.
And as they began to pass it back and forth, out of nowhere they both were hit with a wicked coughing fit!
"Damn!" The Devil coughed.
For nearly half a minute, they coughed and coughed! People passed by, whispering to each other as The Devil and Johnny seemed to be dying quite happily side by side! Then in true stoner fashion, as soon as they could breathe again, the bong was getting passed back and forth!
At one point, as he passed the bong back to Johnny, The Devil's phone dinged a couple of times with text messages, the sounds of someone's tortured scream with each message that came in. He looked at it before laughing obnoxiously. Then very suddenly he stopped with air of superiority and tucked the phone into the front of his shorts, not bothering to respond.
Johnny blinked and as he exhaled from his last hit. He cleared his throat and handed the bong back over as he asked curiously, "What was THAT about?"
"Pfft, nothing I can't deal with later! I'm busy winning a million smackaroos here! Besides, it wasn't from anyone really fucking important or anything." The Devil shrugged nonchalantly and readied the bong before he flicked his finger for a flame. He added casually as could be, "Its just God." With that, he took yet another huuuuuge rip from his bong as Johnny just stared with eyes wide eyes as red as a stoplight, jaw dropped and absolutely at a loss for words! The Devil glanced at him, staring him deadpan in the face for a long few seconds before he suddenly began laughing his ass off all over again! Johnny gave a nervous chuckle as he reached out for the bong.
As they smoked the rest of the bowl, their eyes grew redder and redder and their shit eating grins grew bigger and bigger! Finally the last of the green was hitting them both and they were feeling fucking great as could be!
Johnny smirked as he leaned back against the cooler a short time later, glancing over at his smoking partner. His boldness was returning as he decided now was the time to hit the Devil with his own phenomenal bud. He leaned over for his bag and began rummaging through. Finally, he found what he was looking for: his own personal stash! He cleared his throat and turned his attention to The Devil beside him.
"Hey, man, that stuff was great!" He lifted the bag, grinning like a fool and declared, "But fill your lungs with some of this and prepare to vegetate!"
The Devil tipped his red glasses down the bridge of his nose as he eyed whatever it was that Johnny owned. Sure enough it couldn't be better than what he, The Devil, had cultivated. However, the longer he stared, the more he took in about this phenomenal bud and his eyes widened! The stuff that Johnny had in the bag was dark and dense and held the perfect touch of sticky moisture which could be seen through the bag! Furthermore, the red hairs and trichomes that decorated the buds just made the bud shine so beautifully in the sun.
It was at that moment that The Devil felt the first brush of doubt he'd felt in a long, long time! He'd never seen a bud like this! But secretly he was just as equally eager to try it! There was no way he was going to let Johnny see his moment of weakness.
The Devil lifted his gaze and smirked, shoving his glasses back up the bridge of his nose some more as he leaned back and said nothing. He gazed out towards the waves as if he gave zero fucks.
In his peripheral vision, he watched as Johnny withdrew his dank, sticky bud from the small bag. Even in the light, the Devil could fucking see the sunlight reflecting off the tiny, bright trichomes!
It only took Johnny a minute to quickly grind it up. Then he packed the bowl with an equal amount of bud as The Devil's bud they'd previously used. Johnny grinned and reached over, boldly nudging The Devil with the bong in silent invitation.
The Devil's eyes widened as his gaze snapped towards the boy who dared nudge him. Seeing his cheeky grin and how he offered the bong, The Devil's gaze lowered to the bong as the smell from its bowl suddenly HIT him full force! It was...unlike any other skunky, dank marijuana aroma he'd ever smelled before!
Inhaling deeply, The Devil fought back a groan of excitement as he took the bong. Snapping his fingers, his thumb lit on fire as he brought it to the bowl to take his first hit. He began to inhale deeply as he heard the moist crackle of the beautiful bud torching under his flame. Then the first delicious taste of the smoke hit the tip of his tongue and moved across his tastebuds. Then he felt the smoke fill his lungs, his body filling with the most sensational, tingly warmth imaginable!
And that was the last thing The Devil remembered.
A couple of hours passed and soon, it was early evening. The Devil blinked awake, squinting as he looked around. He was laying out on the towel and had apparently fallen asleep. He'd...he'd fallen asleep!
"Fuuuuuck," The Devil groaned as he pushed himself to sit up once again next to Johnny. Johnny smugly grinned at The Devil, sparking up a newly rolled fat doobie filled with some of his phenomenal bud. He took a deep hit, holding the doobie between his fingers as he exhaled slowly. With his free hand, he held out his hand expectantly. It was only a moment later that he felt the stacks of The Devil's money be set in his hand.
The Devil sighed as he turned away from Johnny, knowing that he'd been stoned beyond imaginable! He'd NEVER experienced anything like it! Inhaling deeply, The Devil licked his lips as he glanced over at Johnny. He cleared his throat before asking in a sheepish voice, "So, uh, can I buy an ounce of that stuff?"
Johnny grinned and inhaled deeply upon his doobie once more before passing the it over to The Devil. Then he reached for his bag and said loudly over his shoulder, "Devil, just come on back if you ever want to catch a buzz! I done told you once you son of a bitch mine's the best there ever was!" He handed over a sealed bag of a premeasured ounce to The Devil who took it with a grin. "Fuck yeah!" The Devil finished his turn toking off the doobie and passed it back to Johnny. "So what's this epic shit called anyway?"
Johnny finished stashing away his millions in cash before taking the doobie back. As he sat back and said, "Isn't it epic?! Oh yeah, its called-!"
"HEY JOHNNY! YOU'RE THE MAN!"
Johnny's attention was taken by a passing group of people, all waving. Johnny grinned and waved. "No, YOU'RE the man! Loving the bud?"
"Fuck yeah!"
As they wandered off, Johnny sat back and laughed before taking another hit.
"Great guys. Did they buy from you too?" The Devil nodded as he opened up his bag and began to roll up more doobies to smoke. "Yeah...shit, we should mix some of these too..."
"Sounds great!"
"Hey....weren't you saying something before?"
"Erm...was I?"
"Yeah, you were. I asked something didn't I?"
"I...don't know. I guess it wasn't important if we can't remember."
"I guess not! Here, take another hit!"
"Don't mind if I do!"
And from there, The Devil and Johnny sat side by side, smoking all afternoon and into the evening. They fired up doobies one by one and they didn't stop til the bag was done!
...
Epilogue...
...
The sun was setting over the island of Jamaica and The Devil and Johnny were still lounging side by side on the beach after hours and hours of nonstop blazing through the most amazing smoke ever! Absolutely chill and relaxed, they were feeling gooooooood.
"And...and...did you know that my granny is the one who gave me my first hit of pot?!" Johnny declared loudly to which The Devil blinked then laughed.
"NO WAY!"
"WAY!"
"You granny's a stoner?!"
"Yeah! She gets high all the time! Here, hold on!"
And Johnny whipped out his cell phone, The Devil peeking over his shoulder as he hit speed dial on the phone. "What are you doing?" The Devil slurred as Johnny hit SPEAKERPHONE. "Calling Granny!" he explained as the phone rang.
"Why hello there, Johnny!" came an older woman's voice as the phone connected.
"Hi Granny, I have a question for you. I'm sitting here with a friend and he doesn't believe me."
"What's that, Sweetheart?"
"Granny, do you get high?"
"Yes, I do!"
And suddenly both The Devil and Johnny burst out into laughter!
It was a minute later that Johnny hung up the phone with his granny and set it aside. He reached for the doobie that was previously lit but found it was pretty much done. "Well, looks like this one's about done. Got anything else ready to fire up, Devil?"
The Devil smirked and nudged Johnny, holding out his personal favorite bong which was packed full of weed ready to be hit. It was the rainbow, very obvious penis shaped bong!
"Here," The Devil said with a hint of a suggestive tone, "take a hit off my-" And then The Devil coughed hard twice out of nowhere and finished with very little air, "-ong!"
Johnny's eyes widened. He stared at The Devil as his face paled.
"Did you just say 'DONG?!'"
"What?! No! I said 'BONG!' Geez...now we know where YOUR mind's at..."
"You said-!"
"JUST HIT MY FUCKING- (cough, cough) -ONG!"
---
David Allen Coe or Travis Meyer (I don't think anyone fucking knows at this point) - The Devil Went to Jamaica
Original Video/Song:
www.youtube.com/watch?v=L4iCaDCX3jY
My favorite (more modern) version of the video and same song:
www.youtube.com/watch?v=pcXflJHroOY
Disclaimer: This is a fanfic based off of Travis Meyer's "The Devil Went to Jamaica." I lay no claim or rights to the song or illustrations. Any opinions or portrayals portrayed in this story is written to follow along with the song's lyrics and story solely for entertainment purposes. And of course there will be a few twists because come on...its a fanfic!
I SOLEMLY SWEAR THAT I WROTE THIS ENTIRE THING WHILE STONED OFF MY ASS!
Also, thank you to Vin Raven-Mysterious/Be My Mannequin? Pose Store for posing with me as The Devil! You can check out his phenomenal photography in People in Photo!
I also have to give credit to Vin for coming up with "stoner demon Daddy." It was too apt and brilliant not to put in! XD
I also want to give a shout out to Jane Bang from SPACE CADET for these two amazing stoner poses! I have long admired Jane's natural style with her poses and I FINALLY had a chance to try them out, myself!
I was really impressed how well both Vin and I fit in the all of the poses! They are part of the High Roller fatpack that comes with 10 awesome stoner/weed poses (both sits and stands) and 6 add on items such as a lighter w/ a flame, lit and unlit blunts, and half rolled doobies that you can rez or add to your avatar directly from your inventory.
In this pack, I am using the Blunt 1 pose and Vin is using the Blunt 2 pose. I've been looking for a good set of stoner poses and Jane has LOTS of themed poses to choose from among her other fantastic poses. Definitely worth a look! You can find Jane's Flickr link in People in Photo!
Best viewed large...
If you look closely at the reflection in the eye, it's actually of the racetrack.
One of the most rewarding joys of landscape photography for me is way it catalyzes calming, almost elementally humbling feelings. When in such locations as this shot, (Flambrough head at low tide) I feel profoundly immersed in nature and genuinely emotionally centred. It just feels ‘so right’ on many different levels. (Sorry to sound a bit like a new age eco warier so early in this post, but even the most emotionally hard street photographers amongst you, should just try at least once placing yourself in such environments to see how it feels...)
Anyway, not only does this environment help me feel calm and centred, but the very act of photographing it, offers the added caveat of immense exhilaration. Putting oneself into this dynamic environment, at dusk, at the very edge of acceptable safety, dodging waves, wading just that bit too far out and second guessing the incoming tide, has the stimulating ability to sharpen the mind. Let’s not forget dealing with the anxious feelings knowing that you’re mobile is out of signal and any form of human insurance left hours ago. Let’s not stress either, about the long slippery walk over wet seaweed encrusted rocks back to the car in the dark, (unless of course you slip within the tidal range), but your most probably going to end up alive in the morning.
But just reflecting for a moment, I’m sure that I wouldn’t make the considerably arduous effort and experience the feelings of excitement and anxiety associated with pushing oneself to the edge of acceptable risk, if I wasn’t doing it for a photographic reason. In part, it’s the very risk taking itself that inspires the deep humbling feelings of connectivity with the natural surroundings. I wouldn’t be doing this, (or experiencing what I am) if it were not for the fact that I am attempting to record the feeling photographically. Yes I could connect with my inner calma and tune my sharks in other ways and do yoga overlooking a setting sun to really connect with the oneness of nature, (believe me I’ve seen people doing it) but I wouldn’t be pushing myself towards feeling this unique type of exhilaration. It would be a little strange to be there at dusk sometimes a little too deep in choppy seas, really observing the natural rhythms of nature without having a reason for looking. The desire to seek out this in our environment, even with camera gear strapped to my back, has actually helped catalyse a deeper feel a oneness with the environment. It’s as close to a meditation experience I can admit to here in public. Anyway as I said, there are many reasons for my photographic obsessing, but in part anyway this exhilaration is often overlooked as one of those justifications.
Now turning to this shot in greater depth, the range of subtle colours generated in this location amazed me. Flambrough is fundamentally white chalk cliffs and this does wondrous things to the reflected and refracted light, especially in the water. Light just bounces around, even when there isn’t much around, creating much more depth and range of colours. With this particular evening the sunset didn’t really materialise, (shame as the previous evening there was a speculator dramatic light show but for the sake of my marriage, I only saw it through my peripheral vision) but in a gritted teeth mature way, I’m kind of glad that I ended up here on this evening. It offered me the opportunity to appreciate the subtler more calming experiences. Something that as I get older I’m enjoying much more, who knows I may even put the camera on timed release next time and adopt the lotus position to record my tree hugging development.
From my analog archives, the Sigma 3 was being used for real time data collection and analysis in life sciences R&D. It had 64k of IRON core memory. It was taken in September of 1978 in Skokie, illinois. Initially the Sigma line of scientific real time computers was used to collect and analyze telemetry data from early US satellites. On the far left of the frame, the papers are taped to a Xerox 530 which we used as the development environment.
This is Paşabağ which is known in English as the Valley of the Monks. Paşabağ means "Pasha’s Vineyard", a name it received after the Byzantine Greek population left the region which is located in the middle of a vineyard.
Paşabağ contains some of the most striking fairy chimneys in Cappadocia with twin and even triple rock caps - formations that are unique even for Cappadocia!
Like the cave hotels in modern day Cappadocia, the fairy chimneys of Paşabağ harbor a number of cave dwellings as well as chapels once used by Christian hermits, the most prominent of which is a tri-level chapel dedicated to St. Simeon (Simon) and a hermit’s shelter, built into one of the fairy chimneys with three conical heads.
Paşabağ contains some of the most striking fairy chimneys in Cappadocia with twin and even triple rock caps - formations that are unique even for Cappadocia!
Like the cave hotels in modern day Cappadocia, the fairy chimneys of Paşabağ harbor a number of cave dwellings as well as chapels once used by Christian hermits, the most prominent of which is a tri-level chapel dedicated to St. Simeon (Simon) and a hermit’s shelter, built into one of the fairy chimneys with three conical heads.
The cone shape fairy chimney, like the one at the front of the top picture, is a chimney that has lost its cap due to erosion.
CAPPADOCIA WORLD HERITAGE LIST :
In a spectacular landscape, entirely sculpted by erosion, the Göreme valley and its surroundings contain rock-hewn sanctuaries that provide unique evidence of Byzantine art in the post-Iconoclastic period. Dwellings, troglodyte villages and underground towns – the remains of a traditional human habitat dating back to the 4th century – can also be seen there.
Brief synthesis
Located on the central Anatolia plateau within a volcanic landscape sculpted by erosion to form a succession of mountain ridges, valleys and pinnacles known as “fairy chimneys” or hoodoos, Göreme National Park and the Rock Sites of Cappadocia cover the region between the cities of Nevşehir, Ürgüp and Avanos, the sites of Karain, Karlık, Yeşilöz, Soğanlı and the subterranean cities of Kaymaklı and Derinkuyu. The area is bounded on the south and east by ranges of extinct volcanoes with Erciyes Dağ (3916 m) at one end and Hasan Dağ (3253 m) at the other. The density of its rock-hewn cells, churches, troglodyte villages and subterranean cities within the rock formations make it one of the world's most striking and largest cave-dwelling complexes. Though interesting from a geological and ethnological point of view, the incomparable beauty of the decor of the Christian sanctuaries makes Cappadocia one of the leading examples of the post-iconoclastic Byzantine art period.
It is believed that the first signs of monastic activity in Cappadocia date back to the 4th century at which time small anchorite communities, acting on the teachings of Basileios the Great, Bishop of Kayseri, began inhabiting cells hewn in the rock. In later periods, in order to resist Arab invasions, they began banding together into troglodyte villages or subterranean towns such as Kaymakli or Derinkuyu which served as places of refuge.
Cappadocian monasticism was already well established in the iconoclastic period (725-842) as illustrated by the decoration of many sanctuaries which kept a strict minimum of symbols (most often sculpted or tempera painted crosses). However, after 842 many rupestral churches were dug in Cappadocia and richly decorated with brightly coloured figurative painting. Those in the Göreme Valley include Tokalı Kilise and El Nazar Kilise (10th century), St. Barbara Kilise and Saklı Kilise (11th century) and Elmalı Kilise and Karanlık Kilise (end of the 12th – beginning of the 13th century).
Criterion (i): Owing to their quality and density, the rupestral sanctuaries of Cappadocia constitute a unique artistic achievement offering irreplaceable testimony to the post-iconoclastic Byzantine art period.
Criterion (iii): The rupestral dwellings, villages, convents and churches retain the fossilized image of a province of the Byzantine Empire between the 4th century and the arrival of the Seljuk Turks (1071). Thus, they are the essential vestiges of a civilization which has disappeared.
Criterion (v): Cappadocia is an outstanding example of a traditional human settlement which has become vulnerable under the combined effects of natural erosion and, more recently, tourism.
Criterion (vii): In a spectacular landscape dramatically demonstrating erosional forces, the Göreme Valley and its surroundings provide a globally renowned and accessible display of hoodoo landforms and other erosional features, which are of great beauty, and which interact with the cultural elements of the landscape.
Integrity
Göreme National Park and the Rock Sites of Cappadocia, having been extensively used and modified by man for centuries, is a landscape of harmony combining human interaction and settlement with dramatic natural landforms. There has been some earthquake damage to some of the cones and the pillars, but this is seen as a naturally occurring phenomenon. Overuse by tourists and some vandalism have been reported and some incompatible structures have been introduced.
The erosional processes that formed the distinctive conical rock structures will continue to create new fairy chimneys and rock pillars, however due to the rate of this process, the natural values of the property may still be threatened by unsustainable use. The cultural features, including rock-hewn churches and related cultural structures, mainly at risk of being undermined by erosion and other negative natural processes coupled with mass tourism and development pressures, can never be replaced. threats Some of the churches mentioned by early scholars such as C. Texier, H.G. Rott and Guillaume de Jerphanion are no longer extant.
Authenticity
The property meets the conditions of authenticity as its values and their attributes, including its historical setting, form, design, material and workmanship adequately reflect the cultural and natural values recognized in the inscription criteria.
Given the technical difficulties of building in this region, where it is a matter of hewing out structures within the natural rock, creating architecture by the removal of material rather than by putting it together to form the elements of a building, the underlying morphological structure and the difficulties inherent in the handling of the material inhibited the creative impulses of the builders. This conditioning of human effort by natural conditions persisted almost unchanged through successive periods and civilizations, influencing the cultural attitudes and technical skills of each succeeding generation.
Protection and management requirements
The World Heritage property Göreme National Park and the Rock Sites of Cappadocia is subject to legal protection in accordance with both the Protection of Cultural and Natural Resources Act No. 2863 and the National Parks Act No. 2873. The entire territory between the cities of Nevşehir, Ürgüp and Avanos is designated as a National Park under the Act No. 2873. In addition, natural, archaeological, urban, and mixed archaeological and natural conservation areas, two underground towns, five troglodyte villages, and more than 200 individual rock-hewn churches, some of which contain numerous frescoes, have been entered into the register of immovable monuments and sites according to the Act No. 2863.
Legal protection, management and monitoring of the Göreme National Park and the Rock Sites of Cappadocia fall within the scope of national and regional governmental administrations. The Nevşehir and Kayseri Regional Conservation Councils are responsible for keeping the register of monuments and sites, including carrying out all tasks related to the legal protection of monuments and listed buildings and the approval to carry out any restoration-related works. They also evaluate regional and conservation area plans prepared by the responsible national and/or local (i.e. municipal) authorities.
Studies for revision and updating of the existing land use and conservation plan (Göreme National Park Long-term Development Plan) of 1981 were completed in 2003. The major planning decisions proposed were that natural conservation areas are to be protected as they were declared in 1976. Minor adjustments in the peripheral areas of settlements and spatial developments of towns located in the natural conservation sites including Göreme, Ortahisar, Çavuşin, Ürgüp and Mustafapaşa will be strictly controlled. In other words, the Plan proposes to confine the physical growth of these towns to recently established zones. Hotel developments will take into account the set limits for room capacities. Furthermore, the plan also suggested that local authorities should be advised to review land use decisions for areas that have been reserved for tourism developments in the town plans.
Preparation of conservation area plans for the urban and/or mixed urban-archaeological conservation sites within the historic sections of Göreme are in place and provide zoning criteria and the rules and guidelines to be used in the maintenance and restoration of listed buildings and other buildings which are not registered, but which are located within the historic zones. Similar planning studies for the towns of Ortahisar and Uçhisar are in place. Once finalised, a conservation area plan for the urban conservation area in Ürgüp will be in place. All relevant plans are kept up to date on a continuing basis.
Appropriate facilities aimed at improving the understanding of the World Heritage property have been completed for the subterranean towns of Kaymaklı and Derinkuyu, and are required for Göreme and Paşabağı.
Monuments in danger due to erosion, including the El Nazar, Elmalı, and Meryemana (Virgin Mary) churches, have been listed as monuments requiring priority action. Specific measures for their protection, restoration and maintenance are required at the site level.
While conservation plans and protection measures are in place for individual sites, it is recognised by the principal parties responsible for site management that an integrated Regional Plan for the Cappadocia Cultural and Tourism Conservation and Development Area is required to protect the World Heritage values of the property. Adequate financial, political and technical support is also required to secure the management of the property.
whc.unesco.org/en/list/357
www.nationalgeographic.com/travel/world-heritage/cappadocia/
There's a story here. One of the values of visiting the same location very often is that the mind -- the subconscious perhaps -- makes a map of sorts. When one sees something which is new to the area, out of place, disjointed, the mind notices.
Walking through the upper woods, mostly watching the tree tops for the Great Horned Owl, my peripheral vision noted something out of place...at a distance. I did a bit of a double take, looked through the lens, and realized I was seeing a Red-Tail sitting on a log. I shot some frames; the motor drive sound spooked it, and I kept shooting as it lifted off. I was SO fortunate.
This is, I'm reliably told, a juvenile Krider's (pale morph) Red-Tailed Hawk.
You can see the hawk bump on the log which peripheral vision noticed in the distance, in the top comment box photo below.
Mercantour National Park (French: Parc national du Mercantour) is one of the ten national parks of France. Since it was created in 1979, the Mercantour Park has proven popular, with 800,000 visitors every year enjoying the 600 km of marked footpaths and visiting its villages.
The protected area covers some 685 km², consisting of a central uninhabited zone comprising seven valleys - Roya, Bévéra, Vésubie, Tinée, Haut Var/Cians (in the Alpes-Maritimes) plus Verdon and Ubaye (in the Alpes-de-Haute-Provence) - and a peripheral zone comprising 28 villages. Many of them are perched villages,such as Belvédère at the entrance to the spectacular Gordolasque valley, concealing great architectural riches (numerous churches decorated with murals and altar pieces by primitive Niçois painters). More than 150 rural sites are located within the Park. Around Mont Bégo there are petroglyphs pecked out on schist and granite faces. They have been dated from the late Neolithic and Bronze Ages.
In the heart of this setting of vertiginous summits (including Mont Gélas (obscured by clouds here), the highest point in the Maritime Alps at 3,143 m), lies a gem listed as a Historical Monument, the famous Vallée des Merveilles (out of view to the upper right), the aptly named "valley of marvels". At the foot of Mont Bégo, climbers can admire some 37,000 petroglyphs dating back to the Bronze Age, representing weapons, cattle and human figures that are sometimes very mysterious. A less challenging destination is the Musée des Merveilles at Tende.
In addition to the holm oak, the Mediterranean olive tree, rhododendrons, firs, spruces, swiss pines and above all larches, the Mercantour is also endowed with more than 2,000 species of flowering plants, 200 of which are very rare: edelweiss and martagon lily are the best known, but there is also saxifrage with multiple flowers, houseleek, moss campion and gentian offering a multi-coloured palette in the spring. The Mercantour is the site of a large-scale All Taxa Biodiversity Inventory and Monitoring programme to identify all its living species, organised by the European Distributed Institute of Taxonomy.
Walkers may easily glimpse a chamois, several thousand of which live in the park and may often hear the whistling of marmots. The ermine is rarer (and more furtive), as is the ibex and the mouflon, although with a little luck you may be able to observe them during the coolest parts of the day in the summer. There is a tremendous variety of wildlife in the Mercantour: Red Deer and Roe Deer in the undergrowth, hares and wild boars, partridges, Golden Eagles and Buzzards, numerous species of butterflies and even about 50 Italian Wolves (which migrated there at the beginning of the nineties). A Wolves Centre welcomes visitors in Saint-Martin-Vésubie.
The Maritime Alps are a mountain range in the southwestern part of the Alps. They form the border between the French region of Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur and the Italian regions of Piedmont and Liguria. They are the southernmost part of the Alps.
Administratively the range is divided between the Italian provinces of Cuneo and Imperia (eastern slopes) and the French department of Alpes-Maritimes (western slopes).
The Maritime Alps are drained by the rivers Roya, Var and Verdon and their tributaries on the French side; by the Stura di Demonte and other tributaries of the Tanaro and Po on the Italian side. There are many attractive perched villages, such as Belvédère at the entrance to the spectacular Gordolasque valley, some concealing unexpected architectural riches (for example in the south there are numerous churches decorated with murals and altar pieces by primitive Niçois painters).
Parc national du Mercantour est l'un des dix parcs nationaux de France. Depuis sa création en 1979, le Parc du Mercantour a prouvé populaire, avec 800 000 visiteurs chaque année profiter des 600 km de sentiers balisés et visiter ses villages.
La zone protégée couvre environ 685 km², composé d'une zone inhabitée central comprenant sept vallées de la Roya -, la Bévéra, Vésubie, Tinée, Haut Var / Cians (dans les Alpes-Maritimes), plus Verdon et l'Ubaye (dans les Alpes-de-Haute- Provence) - et une zone périphérique comprenant 28 villages. Beaucoup d'entre eux sont perchés les villages, comme Belvédère à l'entrée de la vallée de la Gordolasque spectaculaire, cachant de grandes richesses architecturales (nombreuses églises décorées de fresques et retables de peintres primitifs niçois). Plus de 150 sites ruraux sont situés dans le parc. Autour du Mont Bégo il ya pétroglyphes piquetées sur schiste et de granit visages. Ils ont été datés de la fin du Néolithique et l'Age de Bronze.
Au cœur de ce cadre de sommets vertigineux (y compris Mont Gélas (obscurci par les nuages ici), le point le plus élevé dans les Alpes Maritimes à 3143 m), se trouve un joyau classé Monument Historique, la célèbre Vallée des Merveilles (hors de la vue en haut à droite), la «vallée des merveilles» porte bien son nom. Au pied du Mont Bégo, les grimpeurs peuvent admirer quelques 37 000 pétroglyphes datant de l'âge du bronze, représentant des armes, des bovins et des figures humaines qui sont parfois très mystérieuse. Une destination moins difficile est le musée des Merveilles de Tende à.
En plus le chêne vert, l'olivier méditerranéen, rhododendrons, sapins, épicéas, pins suisses et surtout les mélèzes, le Mercantour est également doté de plus de 2000 espèces de plantes à fleurs, dont 200 sont très rares: edelweiss et lys martagon sont les plus connus, mais il est aussi saxifrage à fleurs multiples, joubarbe, silène acaule et gentiane offrant une palette multicolore au printemps. Le Mercantour est le site d'une grande échelle par les taxons biodiversité programme d'inventaire et de surveillance pour identifier tous ses espèces vivantes, organisé par l'Institut européen de Taxonomie.
Les marcheurs peuvent facilement apercevoir un chamois, plusieurs milliers de qui vivent dans le parc et peut souvent entendre le sifflement des marmottes. L'hermine est plus rare (et plus furtif), tout comme le bouquetin et le mouflon, mais avec un peu de chance vous pourrez peut-être de les observer pendant les heures les plus fraîches de la journée en été. Il ya une grande variété de la faune dans le Mercantour: Red Deer et de chevreuils dans le sous-bois, les lièvres et les sangliers, perdrix, Golden Eagles et des buses, de nombreuses espèces de papillons et même environ 50 loups italiens (qui ont migré là au début de les années nonante). Un Centre des Loups accueille les visiteurs à Saint-Martin-Vésubie.
Les Alpes-Maritimes sont une chaîne de montagnes dans la partie sud-ouest des Alpes. Ils forment la frontière entre la région française de Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur et les régions italiennes du Piémont et de la Ligurie. Ils sont la partie la plus au sud des Alpes.
Administrativement la gamme est divisée entre les provinces italiennes de (pentes orientales) Cuneo et Imperia et du département français des Alpes-Maritimes (versant ouest).
Les Alpes Maritimes sont drainés par les rivières de la Roya, Var et du Verdon et leurs affluents du côté français; par la Stura di Demonte et autres affluents du Tanaro et le Pô sur le versant italien. Il ya beaucoup de villages perchés attrayantes, comme le Belvédère à l'entrée de la vallée de la Gordolasque spectaculaire, quelques richesses architecturales dissimulant inattendus (par exemple dans le sud, il ya de nombreuses églises décorées de fresques et retables de peintres primitifs niçois).
It looks like you have enter on a spider's web? oh no... it's the second floor of Mexico's Peripheral.... Tomorrow I'm leaving to Huatulco in Oaxaca's State for a short vacation... not sure if I would have time to enter to flickr... so wish you a wonderful week :-)
Parece que entraron a una telaraña? pues no, este es el 2" Piso del Periférico en Cd. de México, tiene una estructura interesante verdad?.... Mañana me voy a Huatulco, que queda en el Estado de Oaxaca, tomaré una semana de vacacones y no estoy segura si podré entrar a flickr... y quiero desearles una feliz semana:-)
Some brick built computer peripherals based off of real components. Featuring a headset (HyperX Cloud), keyboard (iMac Magic Keyboard), mouse (HyperX Pulsefire), USB hub, and monitor.
The Manœuvres video series is part of a body of works that I’ve been developing since 2016 based on observing the R&D of driverless cars and dash cam compilations.
La série Manœuvres fait partie d'un corpus qui s'inspire des technologies utilisées par les véhicules autonomes et des compilations d’enregistreurs de conduites (dash cams).
francois-quevillon.com/w/?p=1445&lang=fr
francois-quevillon.com/w/?p=1462
www.lafabriqueculturelle.tv/series/306/manoeuvres-de-fran...
I stand alone here
encompassed by peripheral fear
wondering if you will shed a tear
if I walk away and disappear.
Copyright © 2009 - 2014 Tomitheos Poetry / Photography - All Rights Reserved
flickr today
☆ Reduce Green House Gas in our Environment
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fun fact:
tunnel vision is the retention of a central perspective
with the loss of the surrounding (peripheral) vision.
.
My pulse rate is 79 to 80 beats per minute. 🌞
Baruch HaShem! !ברוך השם
Blessed is The Name!!
___________________________________
SpO2 Defined as Peripheral Oxygen Saturation
incenter.medical.philips.com/doclib/enc/fetch/586262/5864...
Introduction
The body's need for oxygen is certain. Its availability at a tissue level is some- times in doubt. Blood gas measurements provide critical information regard- ing oxygenation, ventilation, and acid-base status.
However, these measurements only provide a snapshot of the patient's condition taken at the time that the blood sample was drawn. It is well known that oxygenation can change very quickly. In the absence of continuous oxygenation monitoring, these changes may go undetected until it is too late.
Pulse oximeters measure blood oxygen saturation noninvasively and continuously.
What is SpO2?
A blood-oxygen saturation reading indicates the percentage of hemoglobin molecules in the arterial blood which are saturated with oxygen. The reading may be referred to as SaO2. Readings vary from 0 to 100%. Normal readings in a healthy adult, however, range from 94% to 100%.
The term SpO2 means the SaO2 measurement determined by pulse oximetry. As explained in the section "Considerations When Using Pulse Oximetry," under some circumstances pulse oximetry gives different readings, and the use of a different term indicates this.
How Does Pulse Oximetry Work?
Within the Sp02 sensor, light emitting diodes shine red and infrared light through the tissue. Most sensors work on extremities such as a finger, toe or ear. The blood, tissue and bone at the application site absorb much of the light. However, some light passes through the extremity. A light-sensitive detector opposite the light source receives it.
SpO2 Sensors
Most sensors work on extremities such as a finger, toe or ear. The sensor measures the amount of red and infrared light received by the detector and calcu- lates the amount absorbed. Much of it is absorbed by tissue, bone and venous blood, but these amounts do not change dramatically over short periods of time.
The amount of arterial blood does change over short periods of time due to pulsation (although there is some constant level of arterial blood). Because the arterial blood is usually the only light absorbing component which is changing over short periods of time, it can be isolated from the other compo- cents.
_______________________________________________
Oxygen Saturation As Presented in Wikipedia:
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxygen_saturation_(medicine)
Oxygen saturation is a term referring to the fraction of oxygen-saturated hemoglobin relative to total hemoglobin (unsaturated + saturated) in the blood. The human body requires and regulates a very precise and specific balance of oxygen in the blood. Normal blood oxygen levels in humans are considered 95-100 percent. If the level is below 90 percent, it is considered low resulting in hypoxemia.[1] Blood oxygen levels below 80 percent may compromise organ function, such as the brain and heart, and should be promptly addressed. Continued low oxygen levels may lead to respiratory or cardiac arrest. Oxygen therapy may be used to assist in raising blood oxygen levels. Oxygenation occurs when oxygen molecules (O
2) enter the tissues of the body. For example, blood is oxygenated in the lungs, where oxygen molecules travel from the air and into the blood. Oxygenation is commonly used to refer to medical oxygen saturation.
Contents [hide]
1Definition
2Physiology
3Measurement
4Pulse oximetry
5Medical significance
6See also
7References
8External links
Definition[edit]
In medicine, oxygen saturation (SO2), commonly referred to as "sats," measures the percentage of hemoglobin binding sites in the bloodstream occupied by oxygen.[2] At low partial pressures of oxygen, most hemoglobin is deoxygenated. At around 90% (the value varies according to the clinical context) oxygen saturation increases according to an oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve and approaches 100% at partial oxygen pressures of >10 kPa. A pulse oximeter relies on the light absorption characteristics of saturated hemoglobin to give an indication of oxygen saturation.
Physiology
The body maintains a stable level of oxygen saturation for the most part by chemical processes of aerobic metabolism associated with breathing. Using the respiratory system, red blood cells, specifically the hemoglobin, gather oxygen in the lungs and distribute it to the rest of the body. The needs of the body's blood oxygen may fluctuate such as during exercise when more oxygen is required [3] or when living at higher altitudes. A blood cell is said to be "saturated" when carrying a normal amount of oxygen.[4] Both too high and too low levels can have adverse effects on the body.
Measurement[edit]
An SaO2 (arterial oxygen saturation, as determined by an arterial blood gas test[5]) value below 90% causes hypoxemia (which can also be caused by anemia). Hypoxemia due to low SaO2 is indicated by cyanosis. Oxygen saturation can be measured in different tissues:
Venous oxygen saturation (SvO2) is measured to see how much oxygen the body consumes. Under clinical treatment, a SvO2 below 60% indicates that the body is in lack of oxygen, and ischemic diseases occur. This measurement is often used under treatment with a heart-lung machine (extracorporeal circulation), and can give the perfusionist an idea of how much flow the patient needs to stay healthy.
Tissue oxygen saturation (StO2) can be measured by near infrared spectroscopy. Although the measurements are still widely discussed, they give an idea of tissue oxygenation in various conditions.
Peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2) is an estimation of the oxygen saturation level usually measured with a pulse oximeter device. It can be calculated with pulse oximetry according to the following formula:
SpO2 = HbO2/ (HbO2 + Hb)
Example: Pulse Oximeter
Pulse oximetry is a method used to estimate the percentage of oxygen bound to hemoglobin in the blood. This approximation to SaO2 is designated SpO2 (peripheral oxygen saturation). The pulse oximeter consists of a small device that clips to the body (typically a finger, earlobe or an infants foot) and transfers its readings to a reading meter by wire or wirelessly. The device uses light-emitting diodes in conjunction with a light-sensitive sensor to measure the absorption of red and infrared light in the extremity. The difference in absorption between oxygenated and deoxygenated hemoglobin makes the calculation possible.[5]
Medical significance
Effects of decreased oxygen saturation[6]
SaO2Effect
85% and aboveNo evidence of impairment
65% and lessImpaired mental function on average
55% and lessLoss of consciousness on average
Healthy individuals at sea level usually exhibit oxygen saturation values between 96% and 99%, and should be above 94%. At 1600 meters altitude (about one mile high) oxygen saturation should be above 92%.[7]
An SaO2 (arterial oxygen saturation) value below 90% causes hypoxia (which can also be caused by anemia). Hypoxia due to low SaO2 is indicated by cyanosis, but oxygen saturation does not directly reflect tissue oxygenation. The affinity of hemoglobin to oxygen may impair or enhance oxygen release at the tissue level. Oxygen is more readily released to the tissues (i.e., hemoglobin has a lower affinity for oxygen) when pH is decreased, body temperature is increased, arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) is increased, and 2,3-DPG levels (a byproduct of glucose metabolism also found in stored blood products) are increased. When the hemoglobin has greater affinity for oxygen, less is available to the tissues. Conditions such as increased pH, decreased temperature, decreased PaCO2, and decreased 2,3-DPG will increase oxygen binding to the hemoglobin and limit its release to the tissue.[8]
I've been hiking Wilcox Pass to look for Bighorn Sheep since 1988, but this was my first time in four years. I hauled out of bed - I mean sleeping bag - early and was on the trail in the dim dark of pre-dawn. No searching was required. I emerged from the trees onto an open ridge and spotted four rams almost immediately. They allowed a close approach and were very relaxed.
When rams reach maturity, their horns can curl tightly enough to block their peripheral vision, so they often "broom" the tips off by rubbing them against rocks.
Photographed in Jasper National Park, Alberta. Don't use this image on websites, blogs, or other media without explicit permission © 2016 James R. Page - all rights reserved.
RAGE (Scorchers DLC)
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