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TianLiang Maa is a naturalist, occultist, Buddhist and Taoist. In 1982, Maa developed a technique for abstract photography, applied “Rayonism” into photographic works. Maa staged 32 individual, extraordinary exhibitions around Taiwan, who was the first exhibitor around Formosa. Maa’s works is the beginning of modernization in the modern abstract arts in the world. At the University of Oxford, Maa’s attractive topic was “A View of Architectural History: Towns through the Ages from Winchester through London Arrived at Oxford in England”; also an author at the University of California, Berkeley and the University of Michigan in the United States; an alumnus from Christ Church College at the University of Oxford in England, the University of Glamorgan in Wales, and National Taiwan University in Taipei on Taiwan. Maa’s works have been quoted by the scholars many times, making Maa one of the highly cited technological, artistic, and managing public administrators in the academia. Maa was listed in “Taiwan Who’s Who In Business” © 1984, 1987, 1989 Harvard Management Service.

Early Life and Record of Genealogy

TianLiang Maa possesses both Taiwanese and German surnames from birth. Usually, whenever anyone asks Maa about where he comes from, he would reply “Formosa” as he grew up and was educated in the Far East and lives in Taiwanese and Japanese lifestyles. Moreover, he often teaches and educates younger generations based on the methods of the Far Eastern teaching he experienced when he was young, though he does not oppose the Western ways of teaching and thinking. Maa takes great pride in his roots, which go back 150 years (since 1864); Maa’s ancestry originates and creates generations, and prepares younger generations to succeed their personality and ethical standards and integrity.

Education in Taiwan and a Brief of Latest Generation of History in Taiwan / Formosa

In 1980, Maa obtained his postgraduate certificate from the Graduate Institute of Electrical Engineering of National Taiwan University in Taipei; successfully completed another graduate studies in Information dBase III Plus and Taiwanese Traditional Chinese Mandarin Information System at National Sun Yat-Sen University in Kaohsiung in 1989.

In history, the Portuguese explorers discovered and called the island (Taiwan), “Formosa” (meaning “Beautiful Island”) in 1590. They are non-Chinese people; it was long a Chinese and Japanese pirate base. Fighting continued, between its original inhabitants of Taiwanese and the Chinese settlers, into the 19th century. In 1894-95 first Sino-Japanese War that ended in Manchus of the Qing (Ching) dynasty defeat, the late Manchu Qing Government forced to cede Formosa to Japan. This result was made by the Treaty of Shomonoseki in 1895 and remained under Japanese control until the end of the Second World War. Early on, Taiwan was conquered by the Qing in 1683 and for the first time became part of older China dynasty. However, today, the home country of Maa’s origin has around 165 institutions (93 universities) of higher education, which now has one of the best-educated populations in Asia. Among the major public (state) ones are the National Taiwan University (NTU) at Taipei, and National Sun Yat-Sen University (NSYSU) at Kaohsiung. NSYSU is also called National Chun-Shan University; according to Times Higher Education 2010-2011, NSYSU ranks as the 3rd university in Taiwan, 21st in Asia, and 163rd worldwide. National Taiwan University is ranked 51 to 60 ranks on Times Higher Education World University Rankings - Top Universities by Reputation 2013, the United Kingdom (see www.timeshighereducation.co.uk/world-university-rankings/...); King's College London (KCL) (21st in the world and 6th in Europe in the 2010, QS World University Rankings), the University of London, and University of Southern California (is one of the world's leading private research universities, located in the heart of Los Angeles), afterward.

Backing to Maa’s early school-time of Taiwan Provincial Kaohsiung Industrial Senior High School (Kaohsiung Municipal Kaohsiung Industrial High school), the professional technical education, which is equivalent to Advanced Level General Certificate of Education, commonly referred to as an A-level in the United Kingdom; China Electronic Engineering College, the distance learning programme, which is in equivalence as UK’s Diploma of Higher Education / Undergraduate Diploma (as an Associate Degree in the United States). An additional, his middle education was taught by the Kaohsiung Municipal Chihjh (Ci Sian) Junior High School; and Kaohsiung Municipal San Min Elementary School was his first school in Taiwan.

Early Career

In 1989, Maa instituted Maa’s Office of Electrical Engineer, he settled himself in electrical technology and industries as a chief engineer in his early years. He put his professional and precise knowledge to good account in business management. A formal business management with business relationship established to provide for regular services, dealings, and other commercial transactions and deed. He had many customers having a business and credit relationship with his firm then he was a successful engineer.

Study Abroad and Immigration into the United Kingdom

In 1998, Maa studied abroad when he arrived in Great Britain; he studied at School of Built Environment, the University of Glamorgan (Prifysgol Morgannwg) in Merthyr Tydfil, Pontypridd, Wales for a master of science in real estate appraisal. Until the summer of 2000, Maa completed an academic course on “Towns through the Ages” from Christ Church College at the University of Oxford (is ranked the 2nd place worldwide on The Times Higher Education, World University Rankings 2012-2013

www.timeshighereducation.co.uk/world-university-rankings/...) in England. Afterward, Maa immigrated into the United Kingdom in the early year of 2004.

PHILOSOPHICAL VIEWS

Maa is a naturalist; he trusts spiritual naturalism and naturalistic spirituality, which teaches that “the unknown” created this wonderful world. “The unknown” arranged the nature with its law so that everything in nature is kept balanced and in order. However, human beings failed to control themselves, deliberately went against the law of nature, and resulted in disasters, which we deserved. He also is an occultist, a Taoist, and a Buddhist; but in Britain, he frequently goes to Christian and Catholic churches, where he makes friends with pastors and fathers as well as churchgoers. In his mind, he recognizes “Belief is truth held in the mind; faith is a fire in the heart”. He is always a freethinker, does not accept traditional, social, and religious teaching, but based on his ideas: a thought or conception that potentially and actually exists in his mind as a product of mental activity - his opinion, conviction, and principle. If people have not come across eastern classics and philosophy, we are afraid that people would never understand TianLiang Maa. People cannot judge an eastern philosopher based on western ways of thinking. He studies I Ching discovering eastern classics of ancient origin consisting of 64 interrelated hexagrams along with commentaries. The hexagrams embody Taoist philosophy by describing all nature and human endeavour in terms of the interaction of yin and yang, and the classics may be consulted as an oracle.

Back in the 1990s when Maa just arrived at England, he had been offered places to do Ph.D. and LL.M. degrees (degree in Law and Politics of the European Union) by several western professors in the Great Britain. He has met all the requirements for postgraduate admissions to study at UK’s universities.

During his time at Oxford, he learnt a lot of British culture and folk-custom while carrying out research with many British and Western professors, experts, and archaeologists. This proves that Maa understands various aspects in British society, culture, and lifestyles. Of course, he does not fully understand about the perspectives of thinking of a typical British. For example, what would be the most valuable in life for a British person? What would a British want to gain from life? What is the goal in life for a British? Is it fortune or a lover? Alternatively, perhaps honour? On the other hand, maybe being able to travel around the world and see the world?

FAIRNESS and JUSTICE

As TianLiang Maa’s (馬天亮) saying are:

“Touching Fairness and Justice”

Feel good about themselves, but do not know the sufferings of the people...

Who can get easy life like them?

What is profile of modern society?

What type and style is truly solemn for this society identify?

Where “the characterization” is? Who can see? Did you see it?

《感動的公平與正義》

自我感覺良好, 不知民間疾苦...

誰能得到安逸的生活如同他們一樣？

這是個什麼樣子的社會？

這個社會認定什麼樣的類型和風格是真正莊重的?

「特徵」在那裡？誰可以看到？你看到了嗎？

Jurisprudence and Political Philosophy and Perspectives

Maa ever studied judicial review and governmental action, the impact of law and legal techniques, constitutional mechanisms for the protection of basic rights, and ensuring the integrity of commercial activity, the impact of law and legal techniques on government, policymaking, and administration, as well as the creation of markets. He tries to understand these critical trends in the political development of modern state. Maa will combine both theoretical and empirical approaches, and the conditions for democratic transition and the nature of state development in the ‘post-industrial’ era of globalisation and economic integration.

According as Maa’s legal experiences, he comprehend that “the knowledge of the law is like a deep well, out of which each man draught according to the strength of his understanding”, and, law and arbitrary power are in eternal enmity. He is also sure law and institutions are constantly tending to gravitate like clocks; they must be occasionally cleansed, and wound up, and set to true time.

The government issues a decree - an authoritative order having the force of law, which charged with putting into effect a country's laws and the administering of its functions. Any of the officials promulgate a law or put into practice relating to the government charged with the execution and administration of the nation's laws then they announce and carry out the creation of any order or new policy that will be responsible for the people.

Maa had knowledge in connexion with construction law; he also understands architectural arts, and as well learnt the forms by combining materials and parts include as an integral part concerning modern construct. I ever built urban buildings and rural architecture in different styles under new housing and building projects by the governmental administration and construction corporations.

Right now, Maa studies the problems caused by ethnic disputes and human armed conflicts in the modern society resulted code of mixed civil and criminal procedure. He wishes an agreement or a treaty to end human hostilities - the absence of war and other hostilities around the world. The interrelation and arrangement of freedom from quarrels and disagreement become harmonious relations living in peace with each other. Actually, erect peace in more friendly ways of making friendships for modern human society is comfortable in my ideal. It is like building monolithic architecture: houses and buildings for the people. Maa would like to do “something beautiful for `the unknown`”.

In the ethnic disagreement and armed conflicts as concerning the poor people and children notwithstanding they live through a bad environment on any of poor or crowded village or town in a particular manner - lived frugally. However, after years of industrialisation as a more educated population, becomes more aware of global plenum, continuing to be alive. Environmental groups are increasing and lobbing government will legislate to stop bad environmental and social practices. The establishments of human rights’ wide and untiring efforts will be alleviated people’s suffering. And as well the poor people shall meet and debate sustainable development and for a concerted government led action towards sustainability is an example that the younger generation are concerned for the future. It shall be making the younger easier for their life and make better on their lives, and help them to build a better future.

In present world, Maa really knows the full meanings of “Fundamental Human Rights and Equal Opportunities for the People”. He thinks ethics is the moral code governing the daily conduct of the individual toward those about him / her. It represents those rules or principles by which men and women live and work in a spirit of mutual confidence and service. Without going into the question of how an ethical code was formulated or why anybody should obey it, we can look at the matter in a common-sense fashion with reference to its influence upon our legal affairs. In brief, from the law point of view, a reputable ethical code embodies the qualities of accuracy, dependability, fair play, sound judgement, and service. It is based upon honesty.

No person can have an ethical code that concerns him / her alone. Living in society, as he / she must, a person encounters others whose rights must be respected as well as his / her own. An honest regard for the rights of others is an essential element of any decent code of ethics, and one that anyone must observe if anybody intends to follow that code. After all, ethics is not something apart from human beings. Indeed, there is no such thing apart from our actions and us. It is the duty, therefore, of every man and woman in legal affairs to see that his daily associations with others are truly in conformity with the plain meaning of the Ten Commandments: “Thou shalt not barratry, thou shalt not bear false witness, thou shalt not receive illegal fee and the rest”.

The knowledge Maa has, in connection with legal affairs, was usually come from his precious experiences of his past over ten year’s law and political careers. In an interval regarded as a distinct period of 1980s, he studied mixed civil and crime, and the code of mixed civil and criminal procedure for the problems caused by ethnic disputes and human armed conflicts in the modern society. He was especially one who maintains the language and customs of the group, and social security in Taiwan.

Since 30 July of 1988, Maa settled himself in law as a chief executive and scrivener at Central Legal, Real Estate, and Accounting Services Office; it is in the equivalent to a solicitor of the United Kingdom. The Office provided full legal, accounting, real estate, and commercial services to the public. He did his job as a person legally appointed by another to act as his or her agent in the transaction of business, specifically one qualified and licensed to act for plaintiffs and defendants in legal proceedings and affairs. Over and above Maa was a chairman and executive consultant at Taiwan Credit Information Company®, founded in 1994. The company offered services to the public in response to need and demand in the area of credit information.

Maa had excellent experiences in political and law work was pertaining to mixed civil and crime, the code of mixed civil and criminal procedure, construction, and commercial law abroad. The experiences of legal services related to the rights of private individuals and legal proceedings concerning these rights as distinguished. In the criminal proceedings, he did many cases for the defendants. Although an act committed or omitted in violation of a law forbidding or commanding it and for which punishment is imposed upon conviction; but he also laid legal claim, required as useful, just, proper, or necessary to the defendants under the human rights in the meantime. This provision ensures to the defendant a real voice in the subject.

The men whose judgement we respect are those who do not allow prejudices, preferences, or personalities to influence their decisions. Profit and self-aggrandisement are likewise ignored in their determination to reach an equitable and fair settlement. What are the basic principles upon which good judgement is founded? A keen intellect, a normal emotionally, a through understanding of human nature, experience of law work, sincerity, and integrity.

Developed a Technique for Abstract Photography and Abstractionist

In 1982, Maa developed a technique for abstractive photography, which applied “rayonism” to the photographic works. In November of 1984, Maa was 26-year-old, he instructed many professors and students of National Taiwan Normal University in photography of abstract impressionism and rayonnisme in Taipei, Taiwan. The word “rayonnisme” is French for rayonism - a style of abstract painting developed in 1911 in Russia.

Photographic Exhibitions

TianLiang Maa (Theophilus Raynsford Mann) Photographic Exhibition of “Rayonnisme / Rayonism” Tour - Invitational Exhibition of Taiwan 1983-84.

一九八三〜八四年中華民國臺灣馬天亮攝影巡迴邀請展

TianLiang Maa (Theophilus Raynsford Mann) Photographic Exhibition of Rayonnisme / Rayonism (32 individual exhibitions) 1983~1985.

馬天亮『光影』攝影特展（個人展32場）1983〜1985年.

Maa staged 32 individual, extraordinary exhibitions and annual special exhibitions on photography of abstractive image and Rayonnisme around Taiwan / Formosa. Maa was the first exhibitor around the country. All of the invited displays were by the Chinese Government, cultural and artistic organisations, and sponsors. Maa’s earliest exhibition took place in the National Taiwan Arts Education Institute (Museum) on 19 December 1983 when Maa was 25 years old; Maa was the youngest exhibitor in the history of the Institute in any solo exhibitions. The Institute that was opened in March 1957, kept a collection of Maa’s work. It is currently updating the Institute’s internal organisation and strengthening co-operation with leading institutes and museums around the world. Meanwhile, it widened the institute’s scope to increase its emphasis on Taiwan’ regional culture and folk arts.

Modernization in the Modern Abstract Arts of Taiwan

Maa’s works is the beginning of modernization in the modern abstract arts of Taiwan, China and greater Chinese society in the world. The use of “modernisation” as a concept that is opposed to “Traditional” of “Conservative” ideas began with the approach of the 20th century. It spreads rapidly through academic circles, and was broadly accepted as a means to reform society. Chinese Manchu Qing (Ching) dynasty’s first steps toward modernisation began in the Tung-chih era (1862-1874) with the “Self-Empowerment Movement”. During the late 19th century, as late Manchu dynasty was confronted on all sides by foreign aggression, voices throughout society debated the most effective means to reform and strengthen the country. Some advocated “combining the best of East and West”, while others went so far as to call for “complete Westernisation”. Taiwan was at the centre of these waves of reform. Faced with direct threats against the island by foreign enemies, the Chinese Ching dynasty court took special steps to push Taiwan’s modernisation.

In a role just like that of a gardener wanting to create a rich and fertile environment for the seeds of culture, one in which Maa may sprout, grow and bloom. Maa aims to provide an educational stimulus for society by introducing his works - Maa can express the neo-romantic spirit deftly from various creations and supporting international artistic exchanges. Maa believes that the first step in creating such a new and independent state is the real emergence of culture and arts, for which the art and science of designing and erecting buildings, and fine arts (including photography and motion picture) of the civilization is a good measurement of success. For the foreseeable future, Maa should be continuing to forge ahead, working diligently and unceasingly towards its mission of raising China and Formosa / Taiwan’s culture in his spare time.

Became an Author and a Scholar

In 1980, TianLiang Maa completed his first book - scenario original “The Soul's Sentimentalizing”, also named: “Hun Yun : Jin Qi Tu Rui” 電影原著《魂韻》(衿契吐蕊) then Maa was at the age of 22. In 1983, The General Library of the University of California, Berkeley in the United States of America, collected and kept Maa’s writings - scenario original 「魂韻 : 衿契吐蕊」“Hun Yun : jin qi tu rui”, included a musical composition of his own – “Sonate Nr. 1 C-dur op. 3 für Klavier (piano)”, composed on 3rd April 1977 then Maa was 18 years old. The works were published in 1980; the theme was based on “The Soul's Sentimentalizing”. Another masterpiece was an Album of Academic Work for News Publication “TianLiang Maa (Theophilus Raynsford Mann) Photographic Exhibition of Rayonnisme / Rayonism”, published in 1985. The Hathi Trust Digital Library, the University of Michigan also collected and kept Maa’s writings.

Authorship

Maa’s articles and writings were published in more than 200 different kinds of domestic and foreign magazines, newspapers, and periodicals, in the period between May of 1972 and 1990s. It was all started when Maa was just 13-year-old. Many of which have been very influential. These have been quoted by Western and Eastern scholars many times in the last few years, making Maa one of the highly cited technological, artistic, and managing public administrators in the world in the late 20th and early 21st century. The Ministry of the Interior in Taiwan had registered Maa’s professional writings and given him two certificates of copyright. The numbers are 33080 and 33081 on 4th July of 1985; and Taiwan’s Gazette of The Presidential Office issue No. 4499, featured his writings on 4th September 1985.

Became an Academic and Film Director

Today, Maa is a professor at Space Time Life Research Academy, and a photographer, film director, and computer engineer now live and work in London.

Director Works:

FILMS:

“The Soul's Sentimentalizing” of the feature film is based on the scenario original “The Soul's Sentimentalizing” (preparation)

FASHION SHOWS:

ART EXHIBITIONS:

Musician Work:

MUSIC COMPOSITION:

PHOTOGRAPHIC ALBUMS:

BOOKS:

Scenario Original「魂韻」(衿契吐蕊) “Hun yun: jin qi tu rui” © December 1980, © 1981, © 1983 (Date of First Publication: 31 December 1980, Second Edition on 29 July 1981, Date of Revision: Revised Edition on 8 May 1983), Languages: Chinese (traditional), and English language.

Album of Academic Work for News Publication: “TianLiang Maa (Theophilus Raynsford Mann) Photographic Exhibitions of Rayonnisme” © May 1985

新聞出版之學術著作專輯「馬天亮『光影』“Rayonism” 攝影展」© May 1985

New version of scenario original “The Soul's Sentimentalizing” (to be published)

「曾經輝煌到頂天立地」 “The Indomitable Spirit Was Brilliant to Upright” (individual biography, to be published)

“My Life, My History, and My Love” (based on a legend, to be published, a film scenario will be developed later)

「感動的公平與正義」“Touching Fairness and Justice” (political science and social studies, to be published)

Research Interests:

University of Oxford

Research Studies in Archaeology:

Maa’s attractive topic was “A View of Architectural History: Towns through the Ages from Winchester through London Arrived at Oxford in England”.

National Taiwan University

Graduate Certificate,

Graduate Institute of Electrical Engineering:

Maa’s monograph of seminar was “Applied the sequence control in the electric power distribution engineering”.

University of Glamorgan

M.Sc. Course,

Master of Science in Real Estate Appraisal:

Maa’s thesis - major subject, with relevant construction law was “The Assignment is under Economics of Construction Management in Architecture”.

National Sun Yat-Sen University

Postgraduate Certificate,

Postgraduate Studies in Computing:

Maa’s required subject was Information dBase III Plus and Taiwanese Traditional Mandarin Chinese Information System. He combined academic course work and practical laboratory sessions in “Applied Mandarin Phonetic Symbols into Traditional Taiwanese Personal Computer and Its Information System”.

Associations:

Since 1980, a member of Chinese Taipei Film Archive (CTFA, National Film Archive, Taiwan; founded in 1978), The Motion Picture Foundation, R.O.C. (member of Fédération Internationale des Archives du Film, FIAF; The International Federation of Film Archives was founded in Paris in 1938 by the British Film Institute, the Museum of Modern Art in New York City, the Cinémathèque Française and the Reichsfilmarchiv in Berlin.)

Commissioner of the cinema, photography, radio, and television committee of The Culture and Arts Association (Chinese Writers and Artists Association) of Taiwan ever since September 1983.

Classic member, the membership is equivalent to a doctorate membership of the Chinese Institute of Electrical Engineering since 23 March 1984.

On 15 March 1989, Maa promoted and founded the Consortium Juridical Person Mr. TianLiang Maa Social Benefit Foundation 財團法人馬天亮先生社會公益基金會 in Taiwan. near.archives.gov.tw/cgi-bin/near2/nph-redirect?rname=tre...

Classic member, the membership is equal to a professor or associate professor of The Chinese Institute of Engineers since 30 September 1991.

Honours:

中華民國企業名人錄編纂委員會, 哈佛企業管理顧問公司.

On 26 August 1985, Maa was awarded a professional certificate of the Outdoor Artistry Activities issued by Education Bureau, Kaohsiung City Government, Taiwan. He acquired awards and certificates of honour about twenty times from National Taiwan Arts Education Center (Museum) on 24 December 1983; Kaohsiung Municipal Social Education Center on 17 March 1984, Kaohsiung Cultural Center, Taipei Cultural Center (Taipei Municipal Social Education Hall); and Taiwan Province Government, Taipei City Government, Kaohsiung City Government, and many cultural centres and art galleries, and so on.

Careers:

Honorary Professor at Space Time Life Research Academy, 7 June 2012 to present; Professor at Space Time Life Research Academy, 1 September 2011 to 1 June 2012 in London, United Kingdom:

Academia,

Teaching and Research:

business management and consultant, political philosophy, Chinese classics, Chinese humanities, modern Chinese language and literature, photography (portrait, fashion, commercial, digital, architectural, abstract photography), visual arts and film production.

www.facebook.com/stlra/info

教學與研究：

企業管理及顧問、政治哲學、中華經典 (古典漢學、文學、藝術、語言) 、中華人文、中華現代語言與文學、攝影 (人像、時裝、商業、數位/數碼、建築、抽象攝影) ，視覺藝術和影片製作。

Consultant and Translator at Eternal Life Consultants of Immigration and Translations Services, 10 March 2004 to present in London, United Kingdom:

consultants of immigration, translations, and legal services.

www.facebook.com/elcits/info

永生移民顧問翻譯服務社的移民諮詢顧問和翻譯：

移民事務，翻譯和法律服務。

Computer Hardware & Networking Engineer at Maa Office of Electrical Engineer, 8 March 2004 to present in London, United Kingdom:

Computer Engineering and Network Services. Repairing of Motherboards, Monitors, Power Supplies, CD-ROM Drives; UPS, Hard Disk Drives, H.D.D Data Recovery; BIOS Programming, and all types of Computer Hardware and Software Solutions.

www.facebook.com/maaelec/info

計算機工程和網絡服務。維修主機板，顯示器，電源供應器，光碟機/光盘驱动器，不斷電系統，硬碟/硬盘，硬盤數據恢復，基本輸入輸出系統編程，以及所有類型的電腦/計算機硬體/硬件和軟體/軟件解決方案。

Film Director & Photographer at Photographer and Film Director (Shapely), 2 April 2007 to present in London, United Kingdom:

1) Photo, Video and Film Production; 2) Graphic Design, Web Design, Social Networking, Social Media and Advertising; 3) Architectural Design and Interior Design.

www.facebook.com/filmshapely/info

Reformer and Philosopher at Taiwanese Social Reformer and Philosopher, 7 April 2012 (location: Los Angeles, California) to present in London, United Kingdom:

Social Reform in Taiwan

www.facebook.com/twreform/info

Website

mtltwp.pixnet.net/album/set/1265174

album.blog.yam.com/mtltwp

photo.roodo.com/photos/mtltwp/albums/small/100469.html

www.facebook.com/hunyun22

www.facebook.com/hy22tss

www.facebook.com/tsstrm

Sonate Nr. 1 C-dur op. 3 für Klavier (piano) by Theophilus Raynsford Mann (TianLiang Maa 馬天亮) © 1977, © 1980, © 1981, © 1983. The Sonate composed on 3rd April 1977 then Maa was 18-year-old. The work was published in 1980; the theme was based on “The Soul's Sentimentalizing”.

Website

www.facebook.com/sonate1c

www.facebook.com/piano1c/info

LINKS:

University of California, Berkeley

berkeley.worldcat.org/search?q=Ma%2C+Tianliang&dblist...

berkeley.worldcat.org/title/hun-yun/oclc/813684284?refere...

oskicat.berkeley.edu/record=b11283690~S1

University of Michigan

mirlyn.lib.umich.edu/Record/006237256

catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/006237256

WorldCat® Identities

www.worldcat.org/search?q=au%3AMa%2C+Tianliang%2C&dbl...

www.worldcat.org/wcidentities/np-ma,%20tianliang$1958

Google Books

books.google.co.uk/books?id=PkyaAAAAIAAJ&redir_esc=y

books.google.co.uk/books?id=JfxnMwEACAAJ&dq=editions:...

scholar.google.com/scholar?cluster=3569983911138966023&am...

National Bibliographic Information Network (NBINet)

nbinet3.ncl.edu.tw/search~S10?/a%7bu99AC%7d%7bu5929%7d%7b...

192.83.186.170/search*cht/a%E9%A6%AC%E5%A4%A9%E4%BA%AE

National Yang Ming University 國立陽明大學

library.ym.edu.tw/search~S7*cht?/tThe+Soul%27s+and+sentim...

National Taiwan University of Science and Technology 國立臺灣科技大學

millennium.lib.ntust.edu.tw/record=b1016706~S1

Wikimedia Commons 維基共享資源

commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?search=TianLiang+Maa+%E...

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國家圖書館期刊文獻資訊網, 臺灣期刊論文索引

readopac3.ncl.edu.tw/nclJournal/search/search_result.jsp?...

聲音藝術的審美角度, 大學雜誌, 天然

readopac3.ncl.edu.tw/nclJournal/search/detail.jsp?sysId=0...,

readopac3.ncl.edu.tw/nclJournal/search/detail.jsp?sysId=0...

為文化中心把脈, 幼獅文藝

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科學家與守財奴, 中國地方自治

weblib.exam.gov.tw/ccdb2/Result_List.asp?idx_id=CCVOL&...

Yahoo, Bing, Google Search

www.google.com/search?q=馬天亮

www.google.com/search?q=TianLiang+Maa

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Atomzone

atomzone.co.uk/images/search/馬天亮

atomzone.co.uk/images/search/Ma+Tianliang

lurvely.com www.lurvely.com/photographer/77438197_N03/

portfotolio.net/mtltwp

portfotolio.net/mtltwpprof

www.flickriver.com/photos/mtltwp/

www.flickriver.com/photos/mtltwpprof/

Nature - National Library Board Singapore

snap.nl.sg/searchflickr.aspx?q=%E9%A6%AC%E5%A4%A9%E4%BA%A...

snap.nl.sg/searchflickr.aspx?q=TianLiang+Maa+&p=1&...

画像検索

flickr.akitomo.net/馬天亮/1

flickr.akitomo.net/TianLiang+Maa/1

Japan Photos and Pictures

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Maori foods: Kiekie - School Journal, 1968 by Archives New Zealand

Ka puta Matariki ka rere Whānui. Ko te tohu tēnā o te tau e!

Matariki re-appears, Whānui starts its flight. Being the sign of the [new] year!

Twinkling in the winter skies of June, Matariki (the Māori name for the cluster of stars also known as the Pleiades) signals the Māori New Year. Traditionally, it was a time for remembering the dead, and celebrating new life. In recent times, observing Matariki has become popular again, with a resurgence of cultural activities to mark the occasion.

Various Māori iwi celebrated Matariki at different times. Some held festivities when Matariki was first seen in the dawn sky; others celebrated after the full moon rose or at the beginning of the next new moon.

The lunar calendar, maramataka, is an important feature within Māori society and has also seen a revival in recent years. Maramataka has been used as a guide for when to hunt certain animals and cultivate foods – planting, harvesting and garden preparation – as well as reading a person’s spiritual needs. Together, Matariki and maramataka can help Māori prepare for te tau hou, the new year.

We’re celebrating maramataka and Matariki 2019 with a series of photographs published in the 1968 School Journal and now held at Archives New Zealand Te Rua Mahara o te Kāwanatanga.

The image above is from the story “Maori foods: kiekie”.

Author: Amelia Batistich

Photographer: Helen Buttfield

School Journals 1968 Part 3 no 2 [29 items; book enclosed; includes artwork of Volger, Clouston, Raponi, Ball, Harris

Archives reference: AAAD 699 W2953 Box 22 / m

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For more information about Matariki go to: www.twoa.ac.nz/Pages/Te-Iwa-o-Matariki

You can download a maramataka from Te Papa’s website here: www.tepapa.govt.nz/sites/default/files/maramataka-poster.pdf

For more information use our “ask an archivist” link on our website: www.archives.govt.nz

Material from Archives New Zealand Te Rua Mahara o te Kāwanatanga

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On April 27, the Parkinson's Disease Foundation (PDF) participated in the 19th Annual Parkinson's Unity Walk in New York City.

The one-mile walk raised $1.6 million for research, which is split between several organizations, including PDF. (PDF's walk team, the PDF Pacers, raised more than $20,000).

Walkers visited PDF's booth to meet members of our People with Parkinson's Advisory Council, along with WNBA star, Ivory Latta of the Washington Mystics, who serves as Ambassador for the PDF Champions program. Visitors also picked up 2013 Parkinson's Awareness Month t-shirts and free educational resources.

by PDF Staff

On April 27, the Parkinson's Disease Foundation (PDF) participated in the 19th Annual Parkinson's Unity Walk in New York City.

The one-mile walk raised $1.6 million for research, which is split between several organizations, including PDF. (PDF's walk team, the PDF Pacers, raised more than $20,000).

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HONK! Fest 2010: Parade from Davis Square to Harvard Square by Chris Devers

Quoting from the HONK! Festival 2010 – Press Release, including Participants & Schedule of Events (as of 9/10/2010)

HONK! FESTIVAL 2010

FIFTH ANNUAL

this year featuring

[subject to revision]

• What Cheer? Brigade (Providence, RI)

• Veveritse (Brooklyn, NY)

• Titanium Sporkestra (Seattle, WA)

• Springville All Star Marching Band (Springville, NY)

• Seed and Feed Marching Abominables (Atlanta, GA)

• Rude Mechanical Orchestra (Brooklyn, NY)

• Minor Mishap Marching Band (Austin, TX)

• Leftist Marching Band (Portsmouth, NH)

• Himalayas (NY, NY)

• Extraordinary Rendition Band (Providence, RI)

• Environmental Encroachment (Chicago, IL)

• DJA-Rara (Brooklyn, NY)

• Detroit Party Marching Band (Detroit, MI)

• Bread and Puppet Circus Band (Glover, VT)

• Brass Liberation Orchestra (Oakland, CA)

• Black Bear Combo (Chicago, IL)

• Barrage Band Orchestra (Baltimore, MD)

with locals

[subject to revision]

• AfroBrazil

• AMP (Activist Music for the People) Radical Marching Band

• Bahamas Junkanoo Jumpers

• Dirty Water Brass Band

• Emperor Norton's Stationary Marching Band

• Expandable Brass Band

• Factory Seconds

and

• Second Line Social Aid & Pleasure Society Brass Band

October 8-10

based

Davis Square, Somerville

Harvard Square, Cambridge

ALL

[EXCEPT FOR ONE VERY AFFORDABLE EVENT]

FREE AND OPEN TO ALL

(Somerville & Cambridge, MA) Born out of a need for street bands to celebrate their social activist side, the increasingly popular HONK! Festival is back for a 5 year with opportunities galore for participants and festival goers to enjoy themselves immensely. Rain or shine on Columbus Day weekend, October 8-10, the streets primarily in and around Davis Sq. and spilling out into Harvard Square will be teeming with bands raising a good time ruckus.

The confirmed HONK! band count is currently at 25, with one to two new ones being added weekly. But when the final count is in, this year up to 30, there’ll still be no stopping individuals who suddenly feel the need to jump in at the last minute. In today’s parlance, HONK! 2010 already has an app for that! Opportunities abound not only for festival invitees but for the spur of the moment merry maker, including a chance to play music with the October 10th impromptu “community band” made up of individual musicians, who are not affiliated with any of this year’s HONK! bands, but are interested in participating in the gigantic HONK! Parade to Reclaim the Streets for Horns, Bikes and Feet.

Festival updates can be found at www.honkfest.org, twitter.com/honkfest/, and www.facebook.com/honkfestival, or by calling 617-383-HONK (4665). Listed on the next few pages is the festival schedule as it now stands:

2010 WEEKEND SCHEDULE:

Friday, October 8, 1-5 pm

HONK! In The Neighborhoods

Visiting HONK! bands will team up with their local counterparts to perform and interact at several Boston-area Boys and Girls Clubs, as well as at other non-profit venues or gatherings. At this writing the following clubs and organizations who will be participating are:

Yawkey Club of Roxbury, 115 Warren St., Roxbury; Charlestown Club, 15 Green Street, Charlestown; Blue Hill Club, 15 Talbot Ave., Dorchester; South Boston Club, 230 West Sixth Street, South Boston; Union Square Main Streets, Union Square, Somerville; Zumix, 260 Summer St., East Boston; and the Food Not Bombs gathering at Park St. on the Boston Common.

Many of these events are free and open to all.

For information: 617-383-HONK (4665), info@honkfest.org

Saturday, October 9, 12:30 pm-9 pm

HONK! On Davis Square

Up to 30 activist street bands, from near and far, will perform outdoors for free. An Opening Ceremony to be held at 12:30 pm in 7 Hills Park, Davis Square, Somerville. At this writing the following bands will be participating, listed in alphabetical order: AfroBrazil, AMP (Activist Music for the People) Radical Marching Band, Bahamas Junkanoo Jumpers, Barrage Band Orchestra, Black Bear Combo, Brass Liberation Orchestra, Bread and Puppet Circus Band, Detroit Party Marching Band, Dirty Water Brass Band, DJA-Rara, Emperor Norton's Stationary Marching Band, Environmental Encroachment, Expandable Brass Band, Extraordinary Rendition Band, Factory Seconds, Himalayas, Leftist Marching Band, Minor Mishap Marching Band, Rude Mechanical Orchestra, Second Line Social Aid & Pleasure Society Brass Band, Seed and Feed Marching Abominables, Springville All Star Marching Band, Titanium Sporkestra, Veveritse, and What Cheer? Brigade.

Davis Square, Somerville

[Conveniently located near the Davis Square stop on the Red Line and several MBTA bus connections.]

Free and open to all; rain or shine.

For information: 617-383-HONK (4665), info@honkfest.org

Sunday, October 10, noon-2 pm

HONK! Parade to Reclaim the Streets for Horns, Bikes and Feet

Led by the Mayors of Somerville and Cambridge, the parade will feature all the HONK! bands, plus the Bread & Puppet Theater, the impromptu “community band,” and many local arts and community organizations, such as Green Streets Initiative, Bikes Not Bombs, 350.org, Open Air Circus, Puppeteers Cooperative, Livable Streets, and Sprout. The parade assembles at 11 am, and the route starts in Davis Square, Somerville, at noon, making its way to Harvard Square’s Oktoberfest celebration in Cambridge. To participate in the parade or to volunteer as a parade facilitator, contact parade@honkfest.org.

[Conveniently located near the Davis, Porter, and Harvard Square stops on the Red Line and several MBTA bus

connections.]

Free and open to all; rain or shine.

For information: 617-383-HONK (4665), info@honkfest.org

Sunday, October 10, 2-6 pm

HONK! at Oktoberfest

Several HONK! bands will be featured in Harvard Square’s Oktoberfest.

[Conveniently located near the Harvard Square stop on the Red Line and several MBTA bus connections.]

Free and open to all; rain or shine.

For information, visit www.harvardsquare.com, 617-491-3434, hsba@harvardsquare.com

Sunday, October 10, 8 pm-midnight

HONK! Blow-Out

Featuring all the HONK! bands, performing up to 10 minute sets each. At this writing the following bands will be participating, listed in alphabetical order: AfroBrazil, AMP (Activist Music for the People) Radical Marching Band, Bahamas Junkanoo Jumpers, Barrage Band Orchestra, Black Bear Combo, Brass Liberation Orchestra, Bread and Puppet Circus Band, Detroit Party Marching Band, Dirty Water Brass Band, DJA- Rara, Emperor Norton's Stationary Marching Band, Environmental Encroachment, Expandable Brass Band, Extraordinary Rendition Band, Factory Seconds, Himalayas, Leftist Marching Band, Minor Mishap Marching Band, Rude Mechanical Orchestra, Second Line Social Aid & Pleasure Society Brass Band, Seed and Feed Marching Abominables, Springville All Star Marching Band, Titanium Sporkestra, Veveritse, and What Cheer? Brigade.

Somerville Theatre

55 Davis Square, Somerville

[Conveniently located near the Davis Square stop on the Red Line and several MBTA bus connections.]

Ticket: $10 general admission.

For tickets and information: (617) 625-5700, http://feitheatres.com/somerville-theatre/

Leading up to this year’s Columbus Day weekend events, there are several preliminary events worth noting:

Through Thursday, September 30, 2010:

HONK! Photo Exhibit

Features 7 photographers: Greg Cook, Tiffany Knight, Mark Dannenhauer, Jesse Edsell-Vetter, Benjamin Greenberg, Chris Yeager & Akos Szilvasi. Their photos are inspired by HONK! Festival 2009.

The Inside-Outside Gallery (aka the CVS windows)

CVS Pharmacy

1 Davis Square, Somerville

[Conveniently located near the Davis Square stop on the Red Line and several MBTA bus connections.]

Free and open to all.

For more information, photoshow@honkfest.org.

Monday, September 13, 7-8:30 pm:

We Love HONK! Volunteers Meeting

Sign-up gathering to help in all the ways that make HONK! possible. Individuals and groups interested in participating in the parade, to be held from noon-2 pm on October 10th, are also encouraged to attend. Fun is guaranteed!

Somerville Public Library (West Branch)

40 College Ave., Somerville

[Conveniently located near the Davis Square stop on the Red Line and several MBTA bus connections.]

For more information, contact volunteers@honkfest.org.

Tuesday, September 21, 10 am-11 pm:

Flatbread Pizza For HONK! Benefit

All day, with a special 7:30 pm performance by the Second Line Social Aid & Pleasure Society Brass Band. Flatbread in Somerville is donating a portion of the cost of every pizza pie purchased during the day to the HONK! Festival.

Flatbread Company

45 Day Street, Somerville

[Conveniently located near the Davis Square stop on the Red Line and several MBTA bus connections.]

For more information, contact benefit@honkfest.org.

The HONK! Festival is a good idea coming to fruition. A need had been identified, not only on the part of musicians — of a particular persuasion — who have a penchant for gathering to raise a awareness about issues that need attention. But also a need is there on the part of the audience — not necessarily of any persuasion — to bask in the glow of this unusual phenomenon.

As often as bands congregate to HONK in protest, they also perform to celebrate the causes and institutions they support: multicultural festivals, peace conferences, social forums, artists’ collectives, community gardens, block parties, neighborhood fundraisers, relief benefits and homeless shelters. In every case, the HONKers’ ultimate goal is to have fun, to relish the art of making fun as a form of individual and collective transcendence, and to encourage others to see and do the same.

The HONK! Festival Committee would like to give special thanks to the following for their support of this year’s

HONK! Festival: City of Somerville, the Somerville Arts Council, RESIST, Harvard Square Business Association, Davis Square businesses, and last but not least, the local Davis Square community, whose support in terms of in-kind donations of food and public services, housing for upwards of 300 musicians, and cash contributions, is vital to keeping the HONK! effort going.

###

--submitted by marycurtinproductions

c/o Mary Curtin

[contact info deleted, for her privacy --cdevers.]

"dedicated to staging insightful entertainment, particularly in non-traditional venues"

www.marycurtinproductions.com

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PDF crochet pattern LOVELY UNISEX BEANIE by PatternHome

2 1

THIS LISTING IS FOR PDF DOWNLOAD

This beautiful hand crochets traditional beanie -PATTERN made by me using Shetland Chunky Wool.

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5 19

Birth of the mysterious Alchemical Sentinels / Naissance de mystérieuses Sentinelles Alchimiques DDC_8490 by thierry ehrmann

1 1

Birth of the mysterious Alchemical Sentinels

3 months working day and night with an exceptional “dream team"… a big thank you to ACS, Luc, my trusty Giant who could lift a juggernaut onto a balcony (QED Thierry Loir) Thomas Cart'1, Goin, and of course Marc for the paints.

I have managed to set up my installation of 99 raw steel sculptures with an incredibly demanding specification: none of the 3600 work on the DDC site were to be hidden… we had to think about power sources, water crossings, access for construction machinery including the telescopic booms (3m wide)… public safety, ERP museum standards, etc, ... constantly alternating between the visible and the invisible...

Are they inhabited? I don’t know. One thing is certain: each sentinel stands as a unique sculpture in terms of its alchemical elements and paintwork (either with anti-rust paint or voluntarily with paints that do not resist rust). This autumn, each sentinel will reveal – with the acid rain – different interpretations, depending on the paints and solvents used, making each one different, with stratifications that future archaeologists will decipher.

But my most perilous challenge was to create a giant (9000 m²) installation that envelops the Abode of Chaos with dozens of tons of steel, so that my visitors, from any angle, enter a dreamlike fantasy and where the world of the Abode of Chaos on the one hand and that of the 99 monumental sculptures (named "Alchemical Sentinels" during an extremely busy night ) intersect like the Inframince defined by Marcel Duchamp (or, how to build intensities by subtraction).

These 99 Alchemical Sentinels are now the guardians of the Sanctuary that the Abode of Chaos has become. I designed them as veritable quantum energy wells that we placed with patience and wisdom at different spots all over the Abode of Chaos.

There are 99 in total, made of 10mm rough steel (50 tons), welded to form perfect equilateral triangles. Each of the three sides constituting an Alchemical Sentinel is itself cut to reveal a meurtrière, again in the shape of an equilateral triangle, presenting a superb Euclidean geometry to the visitor.

These 99 Alchemical Sentinels are each placed at specific energy points on the 9000 m² of the Abode of Chaos. Some are hidden by vegetation or natural landforms or are placed in relation to existing works. Others are located in our private and professionals spaces.

In my alchemical work that began on 9 December 1999, the three gates arranged in an equilateral triangle with one vertex pointing upwards, form the luminous delta. They represent the three elements that alchemists work with. These three elements are sulphur, mercury and salt.

Note that the three elements found in the Prima Materia (or Alchemical Chaos) are very closely related. The point triangle is also the symbol of the fire philosophers.

The equilateral triangle resting on its base – like the three points – is the symbol of the fire element, one of the four elements that the alchemist works with in the laboratory.

The geometric properties of the equilateral triangle evoke absolute perfection by their spiritual strength and their age-old symbolism going back to ancient Egypt… strength, beauty and harmony.

They will remain for a thousand years as witnesses to a civilization lost through the folly of men.

thierry Ehrmann

-------------------------------------------------

3 mois de travail jour et nuit, une "dream team" hors du commun, un grand merci à ACS, Luc, mon fidèle Géant qui poserait un 38 T. sur un balcon (cqfd Thierry Loir) Thomas, Cart'1, Goin et bien sûr Marc pour les peintures.

Je suis arrivé à poser mon installation de 99 sculptures d'acier brut avec un cahier des charges de ouf, aucune des 3600 œuvres de la DDC ne devaient être occultées, penser aux sources électriques, les passages d'eau, les voies de transport pour engin de chantier, les nacelles télescopiques (3m de large), protéger le grand public, respecter les normes ERP muséales, etc… Alterner en permanence monstration et effacement…

Sont-elles habitées ? Je l'ignore. Une chose certaine est que chacune, par les éléments alchimiques et les codes peints soit à l'antirouille soit volontairement avec des peintures dégradables par la rouille avec le temps, rend chaque sentinelle comme une sculpture unique. Cet automne chaque sentinelle va laisser apparaître, avec les pluies acides, différents niveaux de lecture, selon les peintures et solvants utilisés, les rendant singulières avec des stratifications que les archéologues des temps futurs décrypteront...

Mais mon défi le plus périlleux, était de créer une installation géante de 9000 m2 qui enveloppe, par des dizaines de tonnes d'acier, la Demeure du Chaos pour que mes visiteurs sur 360 degrés, plongent dans un univers onirique et fantasmagorique où les deux univers que sont la Demeure du Chaos d'une part et d'autre part l'installation des 99 sculptures monumentales (baptisées par une nuit très agitée "Sentinelles Alchimiques") s'entrecroisent selon l'Inframince définit par Marcel Duchamp (ou comment construire des intensités par soustraction).

Ces 99 Sentinelles Alchimiques sont désormais les gardiennes du Sanctuaire que représente la Demeure du Chaos. Je les ai conçus comme de véritable puits d’énergie quantique que je pose avec patience et sagesse sur l’ensemble de la Demeure du Chaos.

Elles sont au nombre de 99, faites d’acier brut de 10 mm (50 tonnes) soudées pour former un triangle équilatéral parfait. Chacun des 3 pans constituant une Sentinelle Alchimique, est lui même découpé pour laisser entrevoir une mystérieuse meurtrière, elle même en forme de triangle équilatéral, donnant ainsi une géométrie Euclidienne au regard du visiteur.

Ces 99 Sentinelles Alchimiques sont chacune à des points d’énergie particuliers de la Demeure du Chaos sur 9000 m2. Certaines se dissimulent par la végétation ou les reliefs naturels ou bien en écho aux autres œuvres, d’autres sont dans les espaces privatifs ou professionnels.

Dans mon travail alchimique démarré le 9 décembre 1999, les trois portes disposées en triangle équilatéral, dont un sommet est dirigé vers le haut, forment le delta lumineux. Elle sont les trois corps sur lesquels l’alchimiste va œuvrer. Ces trois corps sont le soufre, le mercure et le sel.

Soulignons que les trois corps présents dans la Materia Prima ou Chaos alchimique sont étroitement mélangés. Le triangle de point est aussi la marque des philosophes par le feu.

Le triangle équilatéral reposant sur sa base, à la manière des trois points, est le symbole de l’élément feu, l’un des quatre éléments avec lequel l’alchimiste travaille au laboratoire.

Les propriétés géométriques du triangle équilatéral relèvent de la perfection absolue par sa force spirituelle, son symbolisme de la nuit des temps notamment dans l’ancienne Egypte, il est force, beauté et harmonie.

Elles resteront durant mille ans comme les témoins d’une civilisation disparue par la folie des hommes

thierry Ehrmann

42 St-Etienne @ Fourneyron l immeuble art deco by Mémoire2cité Vol 124

twitter.com/Memoire2cite Les 30 Glorieuses . com et la carte postale.. Il existe de nos jours, de nombreux photographes qui privilégient la qualité artistique de leurs travaux cartophiles. A vous de découvrir ces artistes inconnus aujourd’hui, mais qui seront peut-être les grands noms de demain.Les films du MRU -Industrialiser la construction, par le biais de la préfabrication.Cette industrialisation a abouti, dans les années 1950, à un choix politique de l'Etat, la construction massive de G.E. pour résoudre la très forte crise du logement dont souffrait la France www.youtube.com/watch?v=zR_jxCANYac&fbclid=IwAR2IzWlM... … Le temps de l'urbanisme, 1962, Réalisation : Philippe Brunet www.dailymotion.com/video/xgj2zz?playlist=x34ije … … … … -Les grands ensembles en images Les ministères en charge du logement et leur production audiovisuelle (1944-1966) MASSY - Les films du MRU - La Cité des hommes, 1966, Réalisation : Fréderic Rossif, Albert Knobler www.dailymotion.com/video/xgiqzr?playlist=x34i - Les films du MRU @ les AUTOROUTES - Les liaisons moins dangereuses 1972 la construction des autoroutes en France - Le réseau autoroutier 1960 Histoire de France Transports et Communications - www.dailymotion.com/video/xxi0ae?playlist=x34ije … - A quoi servaient les films produits par le MRU ministère de la Reconstruction et de l'Urbanisme ? la réponse de Danielle Voldman historienne spécialiste de la reconstruction www.dailymotion.com/video/x148qu4?playlist=x34ije … -les films du MRU - Bâtir mieux plus vite et moins cher 1975 l'industrialisation du bâtiment et ses innovations : la préfabrication en usine, le coffrage glissant... www.dailymotion.com/video/xyjudq?playlist=x34ije … - TOUT SUR LA CONSTRUCTION DE NOTRE DAME LA CATHEDRALE DE PARIS Içi www.notredamedeparis.fr/la-cathedrale/histoire/historique... -MRU Les films - Le Bonheur est dans le béton - 2015 Documentaire réalisé par Lorenz Findeisen produit par Les Films du Tambour de Soie içi www.dailymotion.com/video/x413amo?playlist=x34ije Noisy-le-Sec le laboratoire de la reconstruction, 1948 L'album cinématographique de la reconstruction maison préfabriquée production ministère de la Reconstruction et de l'Urbanisme, 1948 L'album cinématographique içi www.dailymotion.com/video/xwytke

archipostcard.blogspot.com/search?updated-max=2009-02-13T... -Créteil.un couple à la niaiserie béate exalte les multiples bonheurs de la vie dans les new G.E. www.youtube.com/watch?v=FT1_abIteFE … La Ville bidon était un téléfilm d'1 heure intitulé La Décharge.Mais la censure de ces temps de présidence Pompidou en a interdit la diffusion télévisuelle - museedelacartepostale.fr/periode-semi-moderne/ - archipostalecarte.blogspot.com/ - Hansjörg Schneider BAUNETZWOCHE 87 über Papiermoderne www.baunetz.de/meldungen/Meldungen_BAUNETZWOCHE_87_ueber_... … - ARCHITECTURE le blog de Claude LOTHIER içi leblogdeclaudelothier.blogspot.com/2006/ - - Le balnéaire en cartes postales autour de la collection de David Liaudet, et ses excellents commentaires.. www.dailymotion.com/video/x57d3b8 -Restaurants Jacques BOREL, Autoroute A 6, 1972 Canton d'AUXERRE youtu.be/LRNhNzgkUcY munchies.vice.com/fr/article/43a4kp/jacques-borel-lhomme-... … Celui qu'on appellera le « Napoléon du prêt-à-manger » se détourne d'ailleurs peu à peu des Wimpy, s'engueule avec la maison mère et fait péricliter la franchise ... museedelacartepostale.fr/blog/ -'être agent de gestion locative pour une office H.L.M. en 1958' , les Cités du soleil 1958 de Jean-Claude Sée- les films du MRU içi www.dailymotion.com/video/xgj74q présente les réalisations des HLM en France et la lutte contre l'habitat indigne insalubre museedelacartepostale.fr/exposition-permanente/ - www.queenslandplaces.com.au/category/headwords/brisbane-c... - collection-jfm.fr/t/cartes-postales-anciennes/france#.XGe... - www.cparama.com/forum/la-collection-de-cpa-f1.html - www.dauphinomaniac.org/Cartespostales/Francaises/Cartes_F... twitter.com/Memoire2cite tout içi sig.ville.gouv.fr/atlas/ZUS/ - media/InaEdu01827/la-creatio" rel="noreferrer nofollow">fresques.ina.fr/jalons/fiche-media/InaEdu01827/la-creatio Bâtir mieux plus vite et moins cher 1975 l'industrialisation du bâtiment et ses innovations : www.dailymotion.com/video/xyjudq?playlist=x34ije la préfabrication en usine www.dailymotion.com/video/xx6ob5?playlist=x34ije , le coffrage glissant www.dailymotion.com/video/x19lwab?playlist=x34ije ... De nouvelles perspectives sont nées dans l'industrie du bâtiment avec les principes de bases de l'industrialisation du bâtiment www.dailymotion.com/video/x1a98iz?playlist=x34ije ,

www.dailymotion.com/video/xk6xui?playlist=x34ije , www.dailymotion.com/video/xk1dh2?playlist=x34ije : mécanisation, rationalisation et élaboration industrielle de la production. Des exemples concrets sont présentés afin d'illustrer l'utilisation des différentes innovations : les coffrages outils, coffrage glissant, le tunnel, des procédés pour accélérer le durcissement du béton. Le procédé dit de coffrage glissant est illustré sur le chantier des tours Pablo Picasso à Nanterre. Le principe est de s'affranchir des échafaudages : le coffrage épouse le contour du bâtiment, il s'élève avec la construction et permet de réaliser simultanément l'ensemble des murs verticaux. Au centre du plancher de travail, une grue distribue en continu le ferraillage et le béton. Sur un tel chantier les ouvriers se relaient 24h / 24 , www.dailymotion.com/video/xwytke?playlist=x34ije , www.dailymotion.com/video/x1bci6m?playlist=x34ije

Lieux géographiques : la Grande Borne 91, le Vaudreuil 27, Avoriaz, Avenue de Flandres à Paris, tours Picasso à Nanterre, vues de la défense, Benghazi Libye www.dailymotion.com/video/xk6xui?playlist=x34ije , www.dailymotion.com/video/xk1dh2?playlist=x34ije : mécanisation, rationalisation et élaboration industrielle de la production. Des exemples concrets sont présentés afin d'illustrer l'utilisation des différentes innovations : les coffrages outils, coffrage glissant, le tunnel, des procédés pour accélérer le durcissement du béton. Le procédé dit de coffrage glissant est illustré sur le chantier des tours Pablo Picasso à Nanterre. Le principe est de s'affranchir des échafaudages : le coffrage épouse le contour du bâtiment, il s'élève avec la construction et permet de réaliser simultanément l'ensemble des murs verticaux. Au centre du plancher de travail, une grue distribue en continu le ferraillage et le béton. Sur un tel chantier les ouvriers se relaient 24h / 24 , www.dailymotion.com/video/xwytke?playlist=x34ije , www.dailymotion.com/video/x1bci6m?playlist=x34ije

Le reportage se penche ensuite sur la préfabrication en usine. Ces procédés de préfabrication en usine selon le commentaire sont bien adaptés aux pays en voie de développement, cela est illustré dans le reportage par une réalisation en Libye à Benghazi. Dans la course à l'allégement des matériaux un procédé l'isola béton est présenté. Un chapitre sur la construction métallique explique les avantage de ce procédé. La fabrication de composants ouvre de nouvelles perspectives à l'industrie du bâtiment.www.dailymotion.com/playlist/x34ije_territoiresgouv_cinem... - mémoire2cité - le monde de l'Architecture locative collective et bien plus encore - mémoire2cité - Bâtir mieux plus vite et moins cher 1975 l'industrialisation du bâtiment et ses innovations : www.dailymotion.com/video/xyjudq?playlist=x34ije la préfabrication en usine www.dailymotion.com/video/xx6ob5?playlist=x34ije , le coffrage glissant www.dailymotion.com/video/x19lwab?playlist=x34ije ... De nouvelles perspectives sont nées dans l'industrie du bâtiment avec les principes de bases de l'industrialisation du bâtiment www.dailymotion.com/video/x1a98iz?playlist=x34ije ,www.dailymotion.com/playlist/x34ije_territoiresgouv_cinem... - mémoire2cité - le monde de l'Architecture locative collective et bien plus encore - mémoire2cité - Bâtir mieux plus vite et moins cher 1975 l'industrialisation du bâtiment et ses innovations : www.dailymotion.com/video/xyjudq?playlist=x34ije la préfabrication en usine www.dailymotion.com/video/xx6ob5?playlist=x34ije , le coffrage glissant www.dailymotion.com/video/x19lwab?playlist=x34ije ... De nouvelles perspectives sont nées dans l'industrie du bâtiment avec les principes de bases de l'industrialisation du bâtiment www.dailymotion.com/video/x1a98iz?playlist=x34ije ,

Le Joli Mai (Restauré) - Les grands ensembles BOBIGNY l Abreuvoir www.youtube.com/watch?v=eUY9XzjvWHE … et la www.youtube.com/watch?v=hK26k72xIkU … www.youtube.com/watch?v=xCKF0HEsWWo …

Genève Le Grand Saconnex & la Bulle Pirate - architecte Marçel Lachat -

Un film de Julien Donada içi www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=1&v=4E723uQcpnU … … .Genève en 1970. pic.twitter.com/1dbtkAooLM è St-Etienne - La muraille de Chine, en 1973 ce grand immeuble du quartier de Montchovet, existait encore photos la Tribune/Progres.

www.youtube.com/watch?v=AJAylpe8G48 …, - la tour 80 HLM située au 1 rue Proudhon à Valentigney dans le quartier des Buis Cette tour emblématique du quartier avec ces 15 étages a été abattu par FERRARI DEMOLITION (68). VALENTIGNEY (25700) 1961 - Ville nouvelle-les Buis 3,11 mn www.youtube.com/watch?v=C_GvwSpQUMY … - Au nord-Est de St-Etienne, aux confins de la ville, se dresse une colline Montreynaud la ZUP de Raymond Martin l'architecte & Alexandre Chemetoff pour les paysages de St-Saens.. la vidéo içi * Réalisation : Dominique Bauguil www.youtube.com/watch?v=Sqfb27hXMDo … … - www.dailymotion.com/video/xk6xui?playlist=x34ije , www.dailymotion.com/video/xk1dh2?playlist=x34ije , www.dailymotion.com/video/xwytke?playlist=x34ije , www.dailymotion.com/video/x1bci6m?playlist=x34ije l'industrie du bâtiment.

la Grande Borne 91, le Vaudreuil 27, Avoriaz, Avenue de Flandres à Paris, tours Picasso à Nanterre, vues de la défense, Benghazi Libye 1975 Réalisateur : Sydney Jézéquel, Karenty

la construction des Autoroutes en France - Les liaisons moins dangereuses 1972 www.dailymotion.com/video/xxi0ae?playlist=x34ije Cardem les 60 ans de l'entreprise de démolition française tres prisée des bailleurs pour les 80, 90's (1956 - 2019) toute l'Histoire de l'entreprise içi www.youtube.com/watch?v=Yyf1XGvTZYs - 69 LYON & la Cardem pour la démolition de la barre 230 Quartier la Duchère le 2 juillet 2015, youtu.be/BSwidwLw0NA pic.twitter.com/5XgR8LY7At -34 Béziers - C'était Capendeguy le 27 janv 2008 En quelques secondes, 450 kg d'explosifs ont soufflé la barre HLM de 492 lgts, de 480 m, qui laissera derrière elle 65.000 tonnes de gravas. www.youtube.com/watch?v=rydT54QYX50 … … Les usines Peugeot - Sochaux Montbéliard. 100 ans d'histoire en video www.youtube.com/watch?v=X4w3CxXVAyY … - 42 LOIRE SAINT-ETIENNE MONTREYNAUD LA ZUP Souvenirs avec Mascovich & son clip "la tour de Montreynaud" www.youtube.com/watch?v=p7Zmwn224XE …

Villeneuve-la-Garenne, La Caravelle est à mettre au crédit de Jean Dubuisson, l’un des architectes les plus en vue des années 1960, www.dailymotion.com/video/x1re3h5 via @Dailymotion - AMIENS les HLM C'était le 29 juillet 2010, à 11h02. En quelques secondes, cette tour d'habitation s'est effondrée, détruite par implosion. Construite en 1961, la tour avait été vidée de ses habitants quelques années auparavant. www.youtube.com/watch?v=ajz2xk5KBNo … … - Les habitants de Montreynaud parlent de leur quartier et de cette destruction entre nostalgie et soulagement içi en video www.dailymotion.com/video/xmiwfk - Les bâtiments de la région parisienne - Vidéo Ina.fr www.ina.fr/video/CAF96034508/les-batiments-de-la-region-p... … via @Inafr_officiel - Daprinski - George Michael (Plaisir de France remix) www.youtube.com/watch?v=sJeH-nzlj3I

Ministère de l'Équipement et de l'Aménagement du Territoire - Dotation par la France d'autoroutes modernes "nécessité vitale" pour palier à l'inadaptation du réseau routier de l'époque voué à la paralysie : le reportage nous montre des images d'embouteillages. Le ministre de l'Équipement et de l'Aménagement du Territoire dans les deux gouvernements de Pierre Messmer, de 1972 à 1974, Olivier Guichard explique les ambitions du programme de construction qui doit atteindre 800 km par ans en 1978. L'ouverture de section nouvelles va bon train : Nancy / Metz par exemple. Le reportage nous montre l'intérieur des bureaux d'études qui conçoivent ces autoroute dont la conception est assistée par ordinateurs dont le projet d'ensemble en 3D est visualisé sur un écran. La voix off nous informe sur le financement de ces équipements. Puis on peut voir des images de la construction du pont sur la Seine à Saint Cloud reliant l'autoroute de Normandie au périphérique, de l'échangeur de Palaiseau sur 4 niveau : record d'Europe précise le commentaire. Le reportage nous informe que des sociétés d'économies mixtes ont étés crées pour les tronçons : Paris / Lille, Paris / Marseille, Paris / Normandie. Pour accélérer la construction l’État a eu recours à des concessions privées par exemple pour le tronçon Paris / Chartres. "Les autoroutes changent le visage de la France : artères économiques favorisant le développement industriel elles permettent de revitaliser des régions en perte de vitesse et de l'intégrer dans le mouvement général de l'expansion" Sur le plan européen elles vont combler le retard de la France et réaliser son insertion. Images de l'inauguration de l'autoroute entre Paris et Bruxelles par le président Georges Pompidou. Le reportage rappel que l'autre fonction capitale des autoroute est de favoriser la sécurité. La question de la limitation de vitesse est posée au ministre de l’Équipement, qui n'y est favorable que sur certains tronçons. Un des facteur de sécurité selon le commentaire est l'humanisation des autoroutes : aires de repos, restaurants, signalisation touristiques... "Rien n'est impossible aux techniques modernes" nous apprend la voix off qui prend comme exemple le déplacement sur rail de 65 mètres d'un château classé afin de faire passer l'autoroute Lille / Dunkerque.Durée : 4 minutes 30 secondes

Sur les routes de France les ponts renaissent 1945 reconstruction de la France après la Seconde Guerre mondiale www.dailymotion.com/video/xuxrii?playlist=x34ije Lyon, Tournon, Caen - Le Bosquel, un village renait 1947 l'album cinématographique de la reconstruction, réalisation Paul de Roubaix production ministère de la Reconstruction et de l'Urbanisme, village prototype, architecte Paul Dufournet, www.dailymotion.com/video/xx5tx8?playlist=x34ije - Demain Paris 1959 dessin animé présentant l'aménagement de la capitale dans les années 60, Animation, dessin animé à vocation pédagogique visant à promouvoir la politique d’aménagement suivie dans les années 60 à Paris. Un raccourci historique sur l’extension de Paris du Moyen Âge au XIXe siècle (Lutèce, œuvres de Turgot, Napoléon, Haussmann), ce dessin animé retrace la naissance de la banlieue et de ses avatars au XXe siècle. Il annonce les grands principes d’aménagement des villes nouvelles et la restructuration du centre de Paris (référence implicite à la charte d’Athènes). Le texte est travaillé en rimes et vers. Une chanson du vieux Paris conclut poétiquement cette vision du futur. Thèmes principaux : Aménagement urbain / planification-aménagement régional Mots-clés : Banlieue, extension spatiale, histoire, quartier, ville, ville nouvelle Lieu géographique : Paris 75 Architectes ou personnalités : Eugène Haussmann, Napoléon, Turgot Réalisateurs : André Martin, Michel Boschet Production : les films Roger Leenhardt

www.dailymotion.com/video/xw6lak?playlist=x34ije - Rue neuve 1956 la reconstruction de la France dix ans après la fin de la seconde guerre mondiale, villes, villages, grands ensembles réalisation : Jack Pinoteau , Panorama de la reconstruction de la France dix ans après la fin de la seconde guerre mondiale, ce film de commande évoque les villes et villages français détruits puis reconstruits dans un style respectant la tradition : Saint-Malo, Gien, Thionville, Ammerschwihr, etc. ainsi que la reconstruction en rupture avec l'architecture traditionnelle à Châtenay-Malabry, Arles, Saint Étienne, Évreux, Chambéry, Villeneuve-Saint-Georges, Abbeville, Le Havre, Marseille, Boulogne-sur-Mer, Dunkerque. Le documentaire explique par exemple la manière dont a été réalisée la reconstruction de Saint-Malo à l'intérieur des rempart de la vieille ville : "c'est la fidélité à l'histoire et la force du souvenir qui a guidé l'architecte". Dans le même esprit à Gien, au trois quart détruite en 1940, seul le château construit en 1494 pour Anne de Beaujeu, fille aînée de Louis XI, fut épargné par les bombardements. La ville fut reconstruite dans le style des rares immeubles restant. Gien est relevé de ses ruines et le nouvel ensemble harmonieux est appelé « Joyau de la Reconstruction française ». Dans un deuxième temps est abordé le chapitre de la construction des cités et des grands ensembles, de l’architecture du renouveau qualifiée de "grandiose incontestablement". S’il est précisé "on peut aimer ou de ne pas aimer ce style", l’emporte au final l’argument suivant : les grands ensembles, c'est la campagne à la ville, un urbanisme plus aéré, plus vert." les films caravelles 1956, Réalisateur : Jack Pinoteau (connu pour être le metteur en scène du film Le Triporteur 1957 qui fit découvrir Darry Cowl) www.dailymotion.com/video/xuz3o8?playlist=x34ije - www.dailymotion.com/video/xk1g5j?playlist=x34ije Brigitte Gros - Urbanisme - Filmer les grands ensembles 2016 - par Camille Canteux chercheuse au CHS -Centre d'Histoire Sociale - Jeanne Menjoulet - Ce film du CHS daté de 2014 www.youtube.com/watch?v=VDUBwVPNh0s … L'UNION SOCIALE POUR L'HABITAT le Musée des H.L.M. musee-hlm.fr/ union-habitat.org/ - EXPOSITION :LES 50 ANS DE LA RESIDENCe SALMSON POINT-Du JOUR www.salmsonlepointdujour.fr/pdf/Exposition_50_ans.pdf - Sotteville Construction de l’Anjou, le premier immeuble de la Zone Verte sottevilleaufildutemps.fr/2017/05/04/construction-de-limm... - www.20minutes.fr/paris/diaporama-7346-photo-854066-100-an... - www.ladepeche.fr/article/2010/11/02/940025-140-ans-en-arc... dreux-par-pierlouim.over-blog.com/article-chamards-1962-9... missionphoto.datar.gouv.fr/fr/photographe/7639/serie/7695...

Official Trailer - the Pruitt-Igoe Myth: an Urban History

www.youtube.com/watch?v=g7RwwkNzF68 - la dérive des continents youtu.be/kEeo8muZYJU Et la disparition des Mammouths - RILLIEUX LA PAPE & Dynacité - Le 23 février 2017, à 11h30, les tours Lyautey étaient foudroyées. www.youtube.com/watch?v=W---rnYoiQc 1956 en FRANCE - "Un jour on te demanda de servir de guide, à un architecte en voyage d etudes, ensemble vous parcourez la Françe visitant cité jardins, gratte ciel & pavillons d'HLM..." @ les archives filmées du MRU www.youtube.com/watch?v=zR_jxCANYac&fbclid=IwAR2IzWlM... … Villages de la Françe cité du Soleil

Ginger CEBTP Démolition, filiale déconstruction du Groupe Ginger, a réalisé la maîtrise d'oeuvre de l'opération et produit les études d'exécution. L'emblématique ZUP Pruitt Igoe. vaste quartier HLM (33 barres de 11 étages) de Saint-Louis (Missouri) USA. démoli en 1972 www.youtube.com/watch?v=nq_SpRBXRmE … "Life is complicated, i killed people, smuggled people, sold people, but perhaps in here.. things will be different." ~ Niko Bellic - cité Balzac, à Vitry-sur-Seine (23 juin 2010).13H & Boom, quelques secondes plus tard, la barre «GHJ», 14 étages et 168 lgts, s’effondrait comme un château de cartes sous les applaudissements et les sifflets, bientôt enveloppés dans un nuage de poussière. www.youtube.com/watch?v=d9nBMHS7mzY … - "La Chapelle" Réhabilitation thermique de 667 logements à Andrézieux-Bou... youtu.be/0tswIPdoVCE - 11 octobre 1984 www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xk-Je1eQ5po DESTRUCTION par explosifs de 10 tours du QUARTIER DES MINGUETTES, à LYON. les tours des Minguettes ; VG des tours explosant et s'affaissant sur le côté dans un nuage de fumée blanche ; à 13H15, nous assistons à l'explosion de 4 autres tours - St-Etienne Métropole & Montchovet - la célèbre Muraille de Chine ( 540 lgts 270m de long 15 allees) qui était à l'époque en 1964 la plus grande barre HLM jamais construit en Europe. Après des phases de rénovation, cet immeuble a été dynamité en mai 2000 www.youtube.com/watch?v=YB3z_Z6DTdc … - PRESQU'ILE DE GENNEVILLIERS...AUJOURD'HUI...DEMAIN... (LA video içi parcours.cinearchives.org/Les-films-PRESQU-ILE-DE-GENNEVI... … ) Ce film de la municipalité de Gennevilliers explique la démarche et les objectifs de l’exposition communale consacrée à la presqu’île, exposition qui se tint en déc 1972 et janvier 1973 - le mythe de Pruitt-Igoe en video içi nextcity.org/daily/entry/watch-the-trailer-for-the-pruitt... … - 1964, quand les loisirs n’avaient (deja) pas le droit de cité poke @Memoire2cite youtu.be/Oj64jFKIcAE - Devenir de la ZUP de La Paillade youtu.be/1qxAhsqsV8M v - Regard sur les barres Zum' youtu.be/Eow6sODGct8 v - MONTCHOVET EN CONSTRUCTION Saint Etienne, ses travaux - Vidéo Ina.fr www.ina.fr/video/LXF99004401 … via - La construction de la Grande Borne à Grigny en 1969 Archive INA www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=12&v=t843Ny2p7Ww (discours excellent en seconde partie) -David Liaudet : l'image absolue, c'est la carte postale" phothistory.wordpress.com/2016/04/27/david-liaudet-limage... … l'architecture sanatoriale Histoire des sanatoriums en France (1915-1945). Une architecture en quête de rendement thérapeutique.. A la fin des années 1930, sous le Front Populaire, s’amorce une démocratisation des loisirs et du sport. Cette massification des loisirs sportifs, et en particulier de la natation, s’intensifie après-guerre, grâce à la mise en place d’une véritable politique d’Etat en faveur du développement de la pratique sportive, accompagnée par la construction d’équipements de proximité. Cette politique conduit à redéfinir et à rationaliser la conception de la piscine, autant d’un point de vue architectural que fonctionnel.

Vers la fin des années 1920, le sport, et en particulier la question de l’équipement sportif, commence à s’imposer au niveau national, comme un objet incontournable de souci et d’action politique. La volonté de créer une structure institutionnelle chargée de concevoir et de contrôler cette politique publique relative au sport s’affirme de plus en plus. Cette idée est en germe depuis l’armistice, comme l’indique la réflexion d’Edouard Herriot, maire de Lyon : « Peut-être arriverons-nous ainsi peu à peu à la constitution d’un grand service central – ministère ou non – de l’Éducation physique » (Édouard Herriot, 1919).

Parallèlement, des revendications sociales se font entendre pour une meilleure accessibilité au sport par la classe populaire. Ces requêtes sont entendues par le Front populaire, qui initie une politique de démocratisation de la culture sportive, s’appuyant sur l’invention de notions telles que temps libre et loisirs. Dans le but de diffuser et de mettre en oeuvre cette conception du sport pour tous, est créé en 1937 (à l’occasion d’un remaniement ministériel), un sous-secrétariat d’Etat aux Sports, aux Loisirs et à l’Education physique (rattaché au ministère de l’Education nationale dirigé par Jean Zay), à la tête duquel est placé Léo Lagrange. Ce dernier entreprend une série d’actions, à la fois concrètes et symboliques, comme l’aide à l’équipement communal (dont la nécessité est rendue évidente par les conclusions d’un inventaire national des installations existantes) ou la création d’un Brevet sportif populaire. Cette conception du sport de masse n’obtient cependant pas la faveur de tous. On note d’ailleurs, dans le mouvement sportif national, le rejet d’une politique d’intervention autoritaire des pouvoirs publics. Si les actions du Front Populaire sont stoppées par la déclaration de la guerre, elles ont toutefois conduit à une véritable prise de conscience de l’enjeu politique sportif au niveau national.

Sous le régime de Vichy (juin 1940-juin 1944), est créé un Commissariat Général à l’Education Générale et Sportive (CGEGS), qui s’appuie sur le sport pour diffuser l’idéologie du gouvernement, prônant des valeurs de discipline, de redressement moral, physique et intellectuel et de retour à l’ordre. Dans ces années, où le sport est surtout un outil de propagande, s’esquissent toutefois de nouvelles prescriptions concernant l’architecture des piscines (qui se doit d’être épurée et rationnelle), et la volonté de rattraper le retard de la France en matière d’équipement sportif par rapport aux autres pays européens.

Au sortir de la guerre, la question sportive n’est pas une priorité et la période 1945-1957 se caractérise par une faible intervention publique. Malgré les constructions réalisées grâce à des politiques municipales sociales et volontaristes dans les années 1930, le nombre d’équipements sportifs, et en particulier de piscines couvertes et chauffées, est encore très faible par rapport à la moyenne européenne. Ce sous-équipement va rapidement poser problème, d’autant plus que l’accroissement démographique est en plein essor, entraînant une augmentation de la jeunesse et donc une recrudescence de la pratique sportive, parallèlement à une forte urbanisation. Si l’effort est d’abord porté vers la reconstruction (du secteur industriel et du cadre de vie : logements, services administratifs, voirie, etc.), les questions de la jeunesse, du sport, de l’éducation populaire et du plein air travaillent les esprits du gouvernement.

Dans les Hauts-de-France, de nombreuses piscines ont subi des dégradations pendant la guerre et nécessitent une rénovation (une grande partie des piscines cheminotes par exemple).

Le stade nautique olympique de Tourcoing est complété, en 1951, d’un toit en partie ouvrant, une première du genre, amené à un grand développement dans les deux décennies suivantes. Faute de moyens financiers suffisants (il existe des subventions, mais les moyens alloués à la Jeunesse et aux Sports restent faibles) et d’une volonté politique forte, le nombre de constructions de piscines entre 1945 et 1958 demeure restreint. Ainsi, à Lens, suite à la destruction du stade nautique pendant la guerre, la construction d’une nouvelle piscine est projetée dès l’après-guerre, mais faute de financement, il faut attendre les années 1960 pour que le projet aboutisse.

Les quelques installations nautiques nouvelles qui sont réalisées au cours des 1950, sous l’impulsion d’initiatives locales, sont majoritairement découvertes et ne sont donc exploitables que quelques mois dans l’année. Si ces édifices sont aboutis au niveau technique et architectural, ils ne sont pas en mesure de satisfaire les besoins en matière de bassins éducatifs praticables pendant l’année scolaire. Ils répondent plus à une volonté d’offrir à la population un équipement de loisirs sportifs. Il s’agit souvent de la réalisation de projets municipaux d’avant-guerre, n’ayant pas eu l’occasion de voir le jour.

Dans ces piscines des années 1950, le double bassin est définitivement adopté et elles répondent aux nouvelles prescriptions édictées dans les années 1940 en matière d’architecture sportive, qui se doit avant tout d’être fonctionnelle et pratique, largement ouverte sur l’extérieur par des baies vitrées, sa beauté résidant essentiellement dans l’harmonie de ses proportions et l’agencement de lignes géométriques pures.

Ainsi, dans l’Oise, la ville de Compiègne décide en 1949 (sous le mandat de Jean Legendre), l’édification d’une piscine en bordure de l’Oise, rendue possible grâce aux indemnités des dommages de guerre et de la reconstruction, ainsi qu’à une subvention élevée de la part du Secrétariat d’Etat à l’Enseignement technique, à la Jeunesse et aux Sports. La piscine, conçue par l’architecte-urbaniste de la ville, J. Gossart, est inaugurée le 1er juin 1952. Des bains-douches sont aménagés dans les sous-sols. Il s’agit d’un grand bâtiment blanc rectangulaire en béton armé, inséré sur la berge boisée de l’Oise, s’ouvrant en son centre sur les deux bassins de plein-air de la piscine (25 x 12,5 m et 8 x 12,5 m), avec un plongeoir à double hauteur (3 et 5 mètres). Les baigneurs surplombent l’Oise et évoluent dans un cadre propice à la détente, correspondant bien aux prescriptions d’avant-guerres recommandant la construction d’équipements sportifs et de loisirs en plein air, dans un environnement naturel. Les gradins d’environ 800 places, font également face à l’Oise. L’architecture est simple et fonctionnelle, sans aucun décor ; elle obéit à un modernisme pur et efficace. Elle est remarquable du fait de sa situation en bord de rivière, comme l’était également la piscine découverte de l’Hôtel-Dieu à Pontoise (Val d’Oise) construite en 1961 par l’architecte Jean Letu et aujourd’hui détruite. La piscine de Compiègne, ouverte de mai à septembre, connaît un grand succès, qui ne cesse de croître d’année en année. Fermée dès 1985 car son bassin souffrait de fuites (et remplacée par la piscine Mercières, construite en 1988), elle est aujourd’hui à l’abandon.

A Caudry (Nord), le stade nautique municipal est construit en 1951-1952, sur les plans d'Edmond Lancelle (1898-1957), architecte du Cambrésis actif pendant les deux périodes de reconstruction, grâce à la volonté du maire Albert Dhélin (maire de 1947 à 1965). L’architecte est associé à Marc Revaux, ingénieur-conseil spécialisé en construction de piscines. Son architecture semble inspirée de la piscine de Bruay-en-Artois et est similaire à celle du Cateau-Cambrésis, reconstruite en 1954 par la même équipe d’architecte-ingénieur. Elle allie le style Paquebot de l’Art Déco (présence d’oculi en forme de hublots) aux codes du mouvement moderne international des années 1950. Les bassins sont entourés sur deux côtés par les bâtiments des vestiaires, et sur le deuxième grand côté par des gradins surplombés par une terrasse avec buvette (dans l’angle). La forme de U renversé de l’élégant plongeoir associée à la ligne courbe du toboggan qui lui fait face, animent l’orthogonalité des alignements de cabines. Le portique d’entrée, reprenant ces lignes courbes, s’ouvre sur un guichet vitré aux formes dynamiques et sculpturales. La piscine est dominée par une grande tour-horloge, rythmant les séances de natation. On retrouve cette tour-horloge marquant l’entrée de la piscine, à la piscine olympique de la Scarpe à Arras (1955) et au stade nautique de Bapaume (Pas-de-Calais). A Bapaume, le bâtiment abritant l’accueil et les vestiaires est largement vitré et s’ouvre sur les bassins, entourés d’un portique. Son architecte, Emile Cauwet, est spécialiste de l’architecture scolaire (groupe scolaire Ferdinand-Buisson à Boulogne-Billancourt), industrielle et sportive, et prône une esthétique moderniste et fonctionnelle.

A Boulogne-sur-Mer (Pas-de-Calais), une piscine municipale est judicieusement intégrée au nouveau casino, bâtiment monumental, manifeste de l’architecture des années 1950, conçu par les architectes Sonrel et Bonhomme, et situé derrière la plage de la station balnéaire. La piscine, localisée au rez-de-chaussée, est vitrée sur deux côtés et donne vue sur la plage. Le bâtiment en béton armé, monté sur pilotis (rappelant l’architecture de Le Corbusier), est décoré sur ses façades extérieures de mosaïques réalisées par l’artiste Françoise Lelong. La façade côté plage s’ouvre par un portique avec terrasse.

Ainsi les piscines des années 1950, souvent d’une grande sobriété correspondant aux préceptes architecturaux du mouvement moderne, s’inscrivent dans la continuité des piscines de la fin des années 1930. Il faut attendre les années 1960 pour qu’une nouvelle impulsion soit donnée à l’innovation architecturale dans le domaine des piscines, grâce à la mise en place d’une véritable politique interventionniste de l’Etat en faveur de l’équipement sportif sous la Ve République, dans le cadre de trois lois de programme planifiant la construction d’équipements sportifs et socio-éducatifs. Ce nouveau cadre législatif se traduit par une "mise en administration" du bâti sportif par l’État1.

II. Les mesures mises en place entre 1961 et 1976 par l’Etat en faveur de la construction des piscines

A partir de la Ve République, le sport et la construction sportive sont désormais perçus comme un service d’intérêt public du ressort de l’Etat. Déterminé, l’Etat entreprend une série de mesures incitatives visant à créer un maillage de piscines publiques praticables en toutes saisons (la plupart des piscines étaient alors découvertes et non chauffées) sur l’ensemble du territoire national. L’objectif principal est que tous les enfants aient accès à un bassin pour apprendre à nager, et qu’ainsi soit enfin mis en application l’apprentissage obligatoire de la natation à l’école (dans les programmes depuis la fin du 19e siècle). La priorité des piscines des années 1960-1970 est donc portée vers la jeunesse et l’éducation.

1. Les lois programmes : une nouvelle politique économique en faveur de l’équipement sportif

Lors de l’instauration du premier gouvernement de la Ve République, est créé un Haut-commissariat (puis Secrétariat d’Etat) à la Jeunesse et aux Sports (rattaché au ministère de l’Education Nationale), dirigé par Maurice Herzog. Ce dernier souhaite impulser de manière urgente une politique de construction afin de combler le sous-équipement en matière d’édifices à destination de la jeunesse : "Notre objectif, notre seul objectif est de mettre à la disposition de notre jeunesse, les moyens de s’exprimer plus complètement. Nous voulons que des millions de jeunes Français puissent aller au stade, à la piscine, se rencontrer dans les Maisons de Jeunes" (Equipements pour la jeunesse et les sports, 1962). Cette volonté se concrétise le 28 juillet 1961, avec la promulgation, dans le cadre du IVe plan, de la première loi de programme, qui instaure, sur une durée de quatre ans (1962-1965), un plan assurant un financement national durable et concret en faveur des équipements sportifs et socio-éducatifs. Ce plan prend la forme de subventions élevées (représentant généralement entre 20 et 50% du coût total) destinées à aider de nombreuses collectivités locales dans leur projet de constructions sportives. Ces aides se poursuivent et sont même revalorisées lors de la deuxième loi de programme d’équipements sportifs (1966-1970), votée le 2 juillet 1965. La troisième loi (1971-1975), votée le 13 juillet 1971, montre une détermination encore plus forte de l’Etat à augmenter massivement le nombre d’équipements à grande échelle, en particulier dans les nouvelles zones urbaines, et à former des éducateurs, ceci pour favoriser le sport de masse pour tous. Ces années marquent en revanche le début du désengagement financier de l’État, que l’on discerne par la baisse progressive des montants des subventions accordées. Ces subventions sont bien sûr soumises à certaines conditions. Et, pour assurer et contrôler la qualité technique et le respect des normes des piscines construites, les municipalités doivent en faire valider les avant-projets par l’Etat.

Certains dossiers de subventions conservés aux Archives nationales montrent que de nombreuses municipalités des Hauts-de-France bénéficient de cette aide dès les années 1960 (par exemple les piscines de Lomme, de Noyon, de Chantilly, de Lens, etc.).

Ces lois de programmes d’équipements ne se résument toutefois pas à ces aides financières : l’Etat développe également des mesures permettant d’inciter plus efficacement les collectivités à entreprendre la construction d’une piscine, en facilitant leurs démarches administratives et en réduisant les coûts de construction.

2. L’agrément de modèles de piscines : normaliser, encadrer et faciliter la construction

Suite à l’application de la première loi de programme, le Haut-Commissariat à la Jeunesse et aux Sports, constate que les prix de revient des équipements sportifs sont fréquemment trop élevés et que les architectes municipaux chargés de ces constructions ne sont la plupart du temps pas qualifiés pour ce type de constructions complexes et techniques. D’où la volonté de normaliser et de rationaliser les équipements sportifs, notamment les piscines, et de contrôler les projets proposés par de plus en plus d’entreprises, de constructeurs ou de bureaux d’études aux collectivités. Dans ce but est créée le 25 mai 1963 une commission spéciale dont la mission est d’agréer, sur le plan technique, des projets-types d’équipements susceptibles d’être réalisés dans toute la France. La commission est composée de treize sièges et se réunit plusieurs fois dans l’année pour donner son avis sur les projets d’architecture présentés à l’agrément. Pour ce faire, elle se base sur les qualités techniques du projet, sur les possibilités d’adaptation de l’architecture aux terrains divers, ainsi que sur les qualifications professionnelles des candidats à l’agrément. A partir de 1967, la commission se montre plus exigeante sur l’esthétique, l’harmonie, et l’originalité architecturale.@ la STAS SIOTAS LOIRE FOREZ SAINTETIENNE @ La Société de transport de l'agglomération stéphanoise (STAS, nom juridique : TPAS) est une entreprise de transport en commun, chargée de la desserte des 53 communes de Saint-Étienne Métropole. Filiale de Transdev, son siège social est situé à Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, avenue Pierre Mendès France. Le réseau stéphanois est connu pour avoir gardé son tramway électrique (la seule en France avec Lille et Marseille) depuis sa création. Il est aussi, avec Lyon et Limoges, l'un des rares réseaux français à avoir conservé des lignes de trolleybus. En 1980, le SIOTAS (Syndicat intercommunal pour l'organisation des transports de l'agglomération stéphanoise) est créé et est chargé d'organiser les transports en commun de l'agglomération stéphanoise sur son périmètre. Le 1er janvier 1981, les CFVE disparaissent au profit de la STAS qui exploite le réseau pour le compte du SIOTAS jusqu'en 1986 ou la STAS est remplacée par les TRAS (Transports urbains de l'agglomération stéphanoise) à la suite de la non-reconduction de la délégation de service public avec le groupe Transexel au profit de Transcet. Les TRAS décident de conserver le nom STAS qui devient le nom commercial du réseau. Depuis les années 2000, les TRAS sont devenus les TPAS à la suite du changement d'actionnaire de la société au profit de Veolia Transport, aujourd'hui fusionné avec Transdev, tandis que le SIOTAS à laissé place à Saint-Étienne Métropole.En 2006, le réseau TVG (Transports de la vallée du Gier) de Saint-Chamond est définitivement intégré au réseau STAS, ainsi que les lignes départementales se retrouvant entièrement dans le nouveau périmètre. Organisé et financé par Saint-Étienne Métropole, la communauté d'agglomération a la responsabilité des transports en commun pour les 43 communes. Le réseau est structuré autour des 3 lignes de tramways, d'une ligne de trolleybus (ligne M3), de 67 lignes de bus qui parcourent l'agglomération de 4 h 5 à minuit dont 7 lignes Métropoles, bus à haut niveau de service, numérotées de 1 à 7 et repérables par la lettre M, 5 lignes de soirées circulant entre 20h et 23h (S1, S3, S6, S7, S9) et de 2 lignes Noctambus (N1 et N2) circulant de 0 h à 5 h en fin de semaine et circulant seulement du centre-ville vers la périphérie.Auparavant le réseau d'autobus s'organisait en deux zones; Grand Saint-Étienne et Grand Gier. Le 31 août 2017, le réseau STAS connaît une importante restructuration. Le réseau de tramway de Saint-Étienne se compose de trois lignes desservant Saint-Étienne et Saint-Priest-en-Jarez avec un réseau organisé principalement sur un axe nord-sud et possédant quasi uniquement des troncs communs. À elles trois, les lignes assurent près de 50 % du trafic. Véritable épine dorsale du réseau, le tram stéphanois arpente la grand rue sur près de 8 km.Le réseau de trolleybus stéphanois compta jusqu'à sept lignes (1, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8 et 10), il fut progressivement démantelé au fil des années et il ne reste depuis 2010 qu'une seule ligne, partiellement exploitée en autobus, la ligne M3. Début 2019, Saint-Etienne Métropole (SEM) investit 18M€ dans son réseau de trolleybus avec l'achat de 22 nouveaux véhicules de la marque Solaris, qui seront mis en service entre 2019 et 2021 sur la ligne M7 (5 en 2019, 5 autres en 2020) puis sur la ligne M3 (12 derniers n'arriveront pas avant 2021).Le réseau d'autobus stéphanois se compose de 69 lignes desservant l'ensemble des 45 communes de Saint-Étienne Métropole .Après 20h, le réseau STAS passe au mode soirée, les lignes de tramways restent les mêmes mais les lignes de bus les plus fréquentées comme les lignes Métropoles, deviennent les lignes de soirée S1, S3, S6, S7 et S9. La ligne S1 remplace la ligne M1 tout le long de la vallée de l'Ondaine, la ligne S3 remplace la ligne M3 secteurs Terrenoire, centre-ville, Tardy et Cotonne et remplace les lignes M4 et 11 dans le secteur Montplaisir, la ligne S6 remplace la ligne M6 dans les secteurs centre-ville, Fauriel, Rond-Point et remplace les lignes M2 et M4 dans les secteurs Marandinière et Métare. La ligne S7 remplace la ligne M7 entre Michon et le centre-ville et enfin la ligne S9 remplace la ligne 9 entre le centre-ville et Montreynaud où elle reprend l'itinéraire de la ligne 8. Ces lignes de soirée circulent généralement à raison de 2 bus par heure mais peuvent être moins fréquentes comme la ligne S9.Entre minuit et 5h du matin, les jeudis, vendredis et samedis soirs, le réseau STAS et la ville de Saint-Étienne mettent en place des lignes de nuit, les lignes N1 et N2, du centre-ville vers la périphérie.La société gère aussi un musée des transports urbains de Saint-Étienne et sa région qui retrace l'évolution du matériel roulant de la CFVE et de la STAS

Elle gère aussi la location de vélos avec un premier emplacement sur le parvis de la gare de Châteaucreux et depuis le 26 juin 2010, les vélocations Vélivert : 400 vélos en location longue durée et 300 vélos en location libre service répartis sur 30 stations (hors stations événementielles) : 28 à Saint-Étienne (pour 200 vélos), une à Saint-Priest-en-Jarez et une à Villars.Il existe quatre espaces transports dans l'agglomération stéphanoise : Place Dorian - St-Étienne ;

Parvis de la gare de Châteaucreux - St-Étienne ; Place du Moulin - St-Chamond ;

Station de tramway (ligne T1) Parc Champirol - St-Priest-en-Jarez. Les quatre lignes de TER gérées par la région Rhône-Alpes peuvent être empruntées par les voyageurs munis d'un abonnement T-Libr.

Les lignes sont :

(le Puy en Velay) Firminy - Saint-Étienne Bellevue - Saint-Étienne Châteaucreux - Rive-de-Gier - (Lyon)

(Firminy) - Saint-Étienne Châteaucreux - Rive de Gier (Lyon)

(Roanne) Saint-Étienne La Terrasse - Saint-Étienne Châteaucreux

(Montbrison) Saint-Étienne La Terrasse - Saint-Étienne Châteaucreux www.leprogres.fr/…/saint-etienne-le-nouveau-reseau-s… [archive]

www.nouveaureseau-stas.fr/…/zoom-sur-les-lignes-met… [archive]

CERTU, Transports collectifs urbains évolution 2007-2012, 2014, p.382

CEREMA, Transports collectifs urbains de province - Evolution 2010-2015, 2016, p.389

« www.saint-etienne-metropole.fr/…/Rapport2016CCSPL_Tr… »(Archive • Wikiwix • Archive.is • Google • Que faire ?)

[PDF] « Rapport d'activité 2017 » [archive], STAS, page 8 (consulté le 3 mars 2019).

« Rapport d'activité 2015 » [archive], sur reseau-stas.fr

www.reseau-stas.fr/…/guide-des-titres-stas-janvier-… [archive]

www.reseau-stas.fr/…/docum…/guidestas-ter2017web.pdf [archive]

www.reseau-stas.fr/…/guide-solidaire-janvier-2017we… [archive]

« Plans du réseau : Pôles de correspondance » [archive], sur www.reseau-stas.fr [archive] (consulté le 16 décembre 2017) Tramway de Saint-Étienne

Trolleybus de Saint-Étienne

Autobus de Saint-Étienne

Saint-Étienne Métropole

Syndicat mixte des transports pour l'aire métropolitaine lyonnaise

Transdev

Transports interurbains de la Loire

Knight - Single Molecule Biology (Academic, 2009) by Omar Malkawi

www.pdfbook1.com/sections.html

La Demeure du Chaos est là pour 1000 ans... _MG_4759 by thierry ehrmann

4 1

Secrets revealed of the Abode of Chaos (132 pages, adult only) >>>

"999" English version with English subtitles is available >>>

HD movie - scenario thierry Ehrmann - filmed by Etienne Perrone

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voir les secrets de la Demeure du Chaos avec 132 pages très étranges (adult only)

999 : visite initiatique au coeur de la Demeure du Chaos insufflée par l'Esprit de la Salamandre

Film HD d'Etienne PERRONE selon un scénario original de thierry Ehrmann.

courtesy of Organ Museum

Metis beadwork quite possibly done by the same bead worker as in the attached photo by antefixus21

Something similar in Ottawa: www.flickr.com/photos/21728045@N08/3645513503/in/photostr...

This was for sale on eBay today.

Background:

www.nysm.nysed.gov/publications/record/vol_01/pdfs/CH04El...

IROQUOIS BEADWORK:

A Haudenosaunee Tradition and Art

Dolores Elliott

The Iroquois tradition of raised beadwork began in west- ern New York in the late eighteenth century. It is slightly older than the other great North American Indian bead- working tradition that the Lakota, Cheyenne, and other people of the Plains developed. Raised beadwork is unique to the Haudenosaunee; it is made nowhere else in the world. The Senecas, who decorated clothes, sashes, and small pincushions with small glass beads in the eigh- teenth century, probably invented the style of Iroquois beadwork that still exists today. They were making bead- ed pincushions by 1799 and purses by 1807. In the mid- nineteenth century, ethnohistorian Lewis H. Morgan noted in his League of the Ho-de’-no-sau-see, or Iroquois the “delicacy, even brilliancy of their bead-work embroidery” on women’s clothing (1851, Book 3:384), and he included illustrations of beadwork on a needle case, woman’s skirt, cradleboard, heart-shaped pincushion, and work bag, the forerunner of a modern purse. He reported that in 1849 he had purchased five varieties of work bags as well as three varieties of pin cushions and five varieties of needle books (Morgan 1850, 57).

(Figure 4.1). While they sold their goods at nearby Montreal, the Mohawks also traveled extensively throughout North America to sell at fairs, exhibitions, wild west shows, and Indian medicine shows. Some even sold their beadwork when they traveled to England to perform Indian dances at Earls Court, an exhibition ground in London. Photographs taken in 1905 show these performers attired in clothing decorated with Mohawk beadwork.

The Iroquois tradition of beadwork continued to evolve in the nineteenth century, and by 1860 Mohawks near Montreal and Tuscaroras near Niagara Falls were creating elaborate pincushions, purses, and wall hangings adorned with raised beadwork. Despite the similarity of items created, the two geographic areas developed different styles of beadwork (Table 4.1). Throughout the late nineteenth century and early twentieth century, at the height of beadwork production, the Tuscaroras sold their beadwork mostly at Niagara Falls, on their reservation, and at the New York State Fair. They preferred to use small clear and white beads. During this same period, the Mohawks used larger clear beads and also employed red, blue, green, and yellow beads on most of their early pieces

Figure 4.1. Two needle cases that illustrate differences in nineteenth- century Mohawk (left) and Niagara (right) beadwork.

My personal family experience illustrates typical Iroquois beadwork transactions in the twentieth century. My story starts in 1903 when my grandmother went to the Afton Fair, a small agricultural fair in central New York. She took my nine-year-old father, but his sister, then eleven, was sick and could not go. My grandmother brought her home a present from the fair. It was a beauti- ful pink satin-covered bird-shaped pincushion that sparkled with light green beads (Figure 4.2). My aunt treasured this bird throughout her long life and displayed it proudly in her china cabinet, where I saw it when I was a child. At her death this cherished heirloom was passed on to her daughter who later donated it to the Afton Historical Society in Chenango County, where it is presently on view.

My research indicates that this bird was made by a skilled Mohawk beadworker from a Mohawk community located near Montreal and several hundred miles from the Afton Fair. This pincushion probably got to the fair with a group of Mohawks who traveled by train or wagon to perform at fairs, medicine shows, and exhibi- tions. While at these venues, they also sold their hand- made baskets and beadwork.

In 1958 I bought a small red heart-shaped pincushion at a booth in the Indian Village at the New York State Fair, which is held near Syracuse (Figure 4.3). It was a present for my mother, who displayed it prominently on her bed- room dresser for the next twenty-five years until I inher- ited it. Mary Lou Printup, a leading Tuscarora sewer, later identified this pincushion as one she had made. She, like most Tuscarora beadworkers prefer to be called “sewers,” a term not popular with some other Iroquois beadwork- ers. In my research and writing, I use the word “bead- worker” to refer to all except those individuals who specifically prefer to be called “sewers.”

When I purchased the red heart I had no idea that this pincushion had anything in common with the bird that my grandmother acquired fifty-five years earlier. I knew that I wanted to get something special for my mother, and this pincushion was special because it was beautiful and made by a native artist. In buying it I shared something with my grandmother, who died before I was born, that is, the purchase of a piece of Iroquois beadwork. Most likely the purchase of the bird was my German-born grandmother’s only interaction with a Haudenosaunee woman, and my purchase at the State Fair was my first interaction with a Tuscarora sewer, the first of many.

In a similar manner Iroquois beadworkers and their non- Indian customers, often tourists or attendees at a public entertainment venue, have been brought together by bead-work for over two centuries. These transactions undoubtedly number in the tens of thousands.1 During honeymoon trips to Niagara Falls and visits to agricultural fairs, exhibitions, and other attractions, people purchased Iroquois beadwork as mementos to remember these places and experiences. The beads often form designs featuring birds and flowers, natural themes that appealed to the Victorian women who drove the market of souvenir sales in the nine- teenth century. Studies by Beverly Gordon (1984; 1986) and Ruth B. Phillips (1998) describe the souvenir trade and point out the importance of these items to the people on both sides of the transactions.

Souvenir beadwork was so treasured that the pieces were frequently kept in cedar chests or keepsake boxes. Therefore, when unwrapped one hundred or more years later, they are often in pristine condition. Ironically, few contemporary beadworkers have samples of their ancestors’ work because it was usually made for sale to strangers, although some beadwork was created as gifts for family and friends.

Because most pieces were made for sale to tourists, many people have dismissed Iroquois beadwork as “souvenir trinkets” not important enough to collect, study, or exhibit. In fact, they are often called whimsies, a term that I believe trivializes them and diminishes their artistic and cultural value. But within the last two decades Iroquois beadwork has become the subject of serious study and museum exhibitions. At least four traveling exhibits of Iroquois beadwork have been installed in over a dozen museums and seen by thousands of museum visitors in the United States and Canada since 1999.2 This scholarly recognition has resulted in an increased appreciation of these beadwork creations and the artists who made them. What were considered curious tourist souvenirs when they were made are now generating increased respect from both the general public and the Haudenosaunee.

ry pieces, the back is a colorful calico. Some pieces, mainly in the Niagara Tradition, have a silk or cotton binding around their perimeters to cover the cut edges and attach the front and back fabrics. Tight beadwork on the edging often binds Mohawk pieces together so a cloth binding is not necessary. Flat purses as well as fist and box purses are constructed in the same manner, with cardboard as the base.

Contemporary beadworkers see their work as a signif- icant part of Haudenosaunee culture and an important link to the past. In Haudenosaunee communities bead- workers are admired as continuing a revered tradition. Although there are a few male beadworkers, the majority are women, and in a matrilineal-society with powerful clan matrons, the economic benefit of beadwork sales increases the influence of the women even more.

Pincushions were usually stuffed with sawdust, but sweet grass, cotton, cattail fluff, newspapers, and poly- ester have also been used. Contemporary craftsmen remember that their mothers preferred pine sawdust because of the nice aroma.4 Small strawberry-shaped pin- cushions are traditionally filled with emery, used to sharpen and polish needles. Velvet and twill-covered pic- ture frames and other wall hangings on cardboard bases have polished cotton backs on earlier pieces and calico on more recent ones. European glass beads were often aug- mented with metal sequins on nineteenth-century pieces and with plastic sequins and other plastic novelty beads since the late twentieth century. Bone and shell beads and leather, which are often used in other American Indian beadwork, rarely occur in Iroquois beadwork.

Iroquois beadwork is still sold at Niagara Falls, the New York State Fair, and several pow wows and festivals in the northeast; the methods of beadwork distribution have changed little over two hundred years. The bead-work itself, however, has changed tremendously. Over the last two centuries the styles of beadwork have evolved from simple small pincushions and purses to highly elaborate shapes, becoming works of art in the tra- ditional sense. The beads selected have progressed from the very small seed beads used around 1800 to the larger seed beads of 1900 and finally, by 2000, to a wider variety of bead sizes and colors.

The most common form of Iroquois beadwork, and the form most easily recognizable by people who are not familiar with Iroquois beadwork, is the flat black purse or bag featuring identical colorful, beaded floral designs on both sides. Most flat bags have flaps on both sides, but the opening is across the top where the two sides meet. The face fabric is usually black or very dark brown velvet, and the interior is often a light-colored linen or polished cot- ton. A binding, usually red, is attached around the closed sides of the purses. A beaded fringe is sometimes added. The fringe is merely sewn to the binding and does not hold the two sides of the bag together; it is purely deco- rative. The flaps usually are edged with white beads that are larger than the beads that outline the flaps and body (Figure 4.4). The flaps and body are sometimes outlined with short parallel lines like a stockade. The faces of the flap and body are covered by stylized flowers in shades of blue, red, yellow, and white connected with green stems, which are sometimes striped in two shades of green. Some bags feature a small slit pocket under one of the flaps. It may have been meant to hold a comb or mirror.

Iroquois beadwork remains a unique art form distin- guished by several characteristics found only in work created by Haudenosaunee beadworkers. Iroquois beadwork features a design in glass beads that have been sewn on a fabric that is stretched over a backing of cardboard or cloth lining. The materials used in the beadwork are predominately small seed beads, cloth, cardboard, paper, and in pincushions, a stuffing. The beads are sewn onto the fabric in geometric or natural designs using waxed, doubled white thread.3 The beads are usually sewn over a paper pattern that remains in place under the beaded elements. Although not practiced at all times in the histo- ry of Iroquois beadwork, the most distinctive trait is that the beads are raised above the surface of the cloth face. Some pieces have raised beaded elements that are over an inch high. The beads are raised by putting more beads on the thread than is needed to span the pattern so that the beads form an arch above the pattern. The amount of extra beads determines how high the arches are, that is, how much the beadwork is raised. Various velvets were and still are the favored fabrics, but other fabrics such as wool, twills, silk, and satin are also used. Pincushions often have beaded velvet fronts and polished cotton backs. Polished cotton is a shiny stiff material that is also referred to as chintz or oilcloth. On the majority of late twentieth-century and contemporary twenty-first-century...

Preserving Tradition and Understanding the Past: Papers from the Conference on Iroquois Research, 2001–2005, Edited by Christine Sternberg Patrick, New York State Museum Record 1 © 2010, by The University of the State of New York, The State Education Department, Albany, New York 12230. All rights reserved. Click on top link for more.

pdf-876 by Alkaabus

ex MGS-504 ex WES-OD 280 (Germany)

Nassim Nicholas Taleb painted portrait - "black swan theory" _DDC0516 by thierry ehrmann

4 1

La théorie du cygne noir, développée par l'écrivain Nassim Nicholas Taleb, est une théorie selon laquelle un événement imprévisible a une faible probabilité de se dérouler, mais s'il se réalise, les conséquences ont une portée considérable et exceptionnelle

Secrets revealed of the Abode of Chaos (112 pages, adult only) >>>

"999" English version with English subtitles is available >>>

HD movie - scenario thierry Ehrmann - filmed by Etienne Perrone

----------

voir les secrets de la Demeure du Chaos avec 112 pages très étranges (adult only)

999 : visite initiatique au coeur de la Demeure du Chaos insufflée par l'Esprit de la Salamandre

Film HD d'Etienne PERRONE selon un scénario original de thierry Ehrmann.

courtesy of Organ Museum

First and (nearly) last by George

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This week (ending 7 July 2012) sees the end of First's services 71 and 72 in the Wirral, run from Liverpool to Heswall, via Irby and Pensby respectively. They are to be replaced by services 471 and 472, a Quality Partenrship with contributions from both First and Arriva. The timetable leaflet tells us that the buses to be used 'are fitted with state of the art, low emission engines for a cleaner, greener environment'.

So I think we can take it that First 60052 (R810NVT), a 13 year old Scania L113, is unlikely to find itself rostered for the service from next week. Further doubt is cast by First's recent decision to put up for sale, the Rock Ferry garage where this vehicle is based.

On the last week of operation, 60052 heads through the sylvan shades of Thingwall Road toward Irby.

(as a matter of interest, when I geoptagged this image, Flickr's new mapping utility proudly announced that the picture had been taken in Dublin!)

LEGO Lockheed Martin F-35 B (STOVL Variant) Lightning II | 1:34 Scale by Simon

PDF instructions here: youtu.be/eqXwgw-Ev8c

02 Lacuna pallidula by Morddyn

Early juveniles in August when all or most adults dead. Similar form to adults, but periostracum thinner and paler, and spire protrudes less.

Maximum dimension 4.1 mm and 3.3 mm, Portlethen, north-east Scotland, August 1970.

Full SPECIES DESCRIPTION BELOW

Revised PDF available at www.researchgate.net/publication/372768813_Lacuna_pallidu....

Sets of OTHER SPECIES at: www.flickr.com/photos/56388191@N08/collections/

Lacuna pallidula (da Costa, 1778)

Synonyms: Cochlea pallidula da Costa, 1778; Lacuna neritoidea Gould, 1840; Lacuna patula Thorpe, 1844; Lacuna retusa Brown.

Current taxonomy: WoRMS www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=140168

Vernacular: Pallid chink shell; Pale lacuna; Gwichiad agennog gwelw (Welsh); Lacuna pâle (French); Lavspiret grubesnegl (Danish); Bleke scheefhoren (Dutch); Blek lagunsnäcka (Swedish).

Shell description

The largest dimension of female shells is up to about 12 mm fig. 01 flic.kr/p/2kNQ7pc and males grow to 6 mm. The species has an annual life cycle; all or most adults are dead by June. Their small juvenile offspring occur in summer fig. 02 flic.kr/p/2kGH2G9 , growing to full size in winter. The body whorl forms the great majority of the shell, and the very small spire is sunk below the upper margin in most views. Juveniles are similar in form with a slightly lower spire. Sutures between the whorls are distinct. The smooth surface has no sculpture apart from numerous, growth lines.

One face of the hollow columella is missing, exposing a long wide columellar groove (lacuna, chink or canal), leading to a large funnel-like umbilicus fig. 03 flic.kr/p/2kNL1YB . On some specimens the columellar groove is indistinct and the umbilicus reduced fig. 04 flic.kr/p/2kNPCc9 and fig. 05 flic.kr/p/2oQ83ra .

The very large ‘D’ shape aperture is as high as the whole shell, and it occupies about 75% of the area in apertural-view images fig. 01 flic.kr/p/2kNQ7pc . The palatal lip is semi-circular, and it continues along the abapertural side of the columellar groove. The wide, white columellar lip forms the adapertural edge of the groove fig. 03 flic.kr/p/2kNL1YB .

The ‘D’ shape operculum is a rapidly expanding oligogyrous spiral with its off-centre nucleus close to the base of the columellar lip. It is transparent, tinted yellow fig. 04 flic.kr/p/2kNPCc9 & fig. 06 flic.kr/p/2kNL1Ut or nearly colourless fig. 05 flic.kr/p/2oQ83ra . The substantial periostracum is olive-brown with distinct growth lines on large specimens fig. 07 flic.kr/p/2kNQ773, and it usually extends beyond the lip of the aperture fig. 04 flic.kr/p/2kNPCc9 . Under the periostracum, the calcareous shell is white or yellowish white fig. 01 flic.kr/p/2kNQ7pc . Live adults with a thick opaque periostracum are olive-green/brown in water fig. 08 flic.kr/p/2kNPC3g becoming dull brown when dead and dried fig. 01 flic.kr/p/2kNQ7pc . There are no coloured bands or variegation at any stage.

Body description

The flesh is translucent white with varying amounts of yellow or pink tinting fig. 07 flic.kr/p/2kNQ773 and fig. 05 flic.kr/p/2oQ83ra . The snout is ventrally slit fig.06 flic.kr/p/2kNL1Ut and usually rolled into a cylinder fig. 09 flic.kr/p/2oQ92WM . The extended cephalic tentacles are long, smooth, translucent whitish and taper to a blunt tip. When contracted they wrinkle and any yellow tint is intensified fig. 08 flic.kr/p/2kNPC3g . There is a black eye on a slight bulge at the base of each tentacle fig. 07 flic.kr/p/2kNQ773 . The roof of the mantle cavity is whitish translucent showing the colour of the shell except for the mantle edge which is thick and sometimes yellowish fig. 09 flic.kr/p/2oQ92WM . The foot is white with varying amounts of yellow or pink fig. 07 flic.kr/p/2kNQ773 , especially on the opercular disc which supports, and is visible under and through, the transparent operculum fig. 05 flic.kr/p/2oQ83ra and fig. 09 flic.kr/p/2oQ92WM . The two small, flat metapodial tentacles protrude beyond the posterior of the operculum fig. 09 flic.kr/p/2oQ92WM .

Key identification features

Lacuna pallidula

1) Columellar groove (lacuna or chink) leads to umbilicus fig. 01 flic.kr/p/2kNQ7pc but is sometimes sealed over fig. 04 flic.kr/p/2kNPCc9 .

2) Largest dimensions up to 12 mm (female) and 6 mm (male). Hardly any of the spire protrudes beyond the body whorl fig. 01 flic.kr/p/2kNQ7pc

3) Very large ‘D’ shape aperture equals shell height and occupies about 75% of area in apertural view fig. 01 flic.kr/p/2kNQ7pc.

4) Shell olive-brown with no spiral bands fig. 08 flic.kr/p/2kNPC3g .

5) Body white fig. 07 flic.kr/p/2kNQ773 , sometimes yellowish or pinkish; no grey stipple.

6) Found mainly on Fucus serratus and sometimes on Laminaria.

Similar species

Lacuna parva (da Costa, 1778) fig. 10 flic.kr/p/2kNL1A2 .

1) Columellar groove (“lacuna” or “chink) leads to umbilicus. 2) Usual maximum height 4 mm; sometimes 6 mm. Spire 30% to 40% of shell height.

3) Aperture occupies about 50% of area in apertural-view images.

4) Body whorl has three brown spiral bands; basal band 1 easily overlooked if base of shell not examined. Some shells are uniform white or brown with no bands.

5) Body translucent white, usually stippled grey.

6) Found mainly, especially when young, on small red weeds. Sometimes on fucoids.

Littorina fabalis (W. Turton, 1825) and

L. obtusata (Linnaeus, 1758) fig. 11 flic.kr/p/2kNPBJk .

1) No columellar groove or umbilicus.

2) Maximum dimension up to 17 mm. Very large body whorl and small spire.

3) Aperture occupies about 50% of area in apertural-view images.

4) Shell of L. obtusata is sometimes greenish olive.

5) Body varied shades of yellow, brown or black.

6) Found on Fucus serratus (L. fabalis) or Ascophyllum (L. obtusata) and on Fucus vesiculosus (both).

Lacuna vincta (Montagu, 1803) fig. 12 flic.kr/p/2kNQ6PK .

1) Columellar groove (“lacuna” or “chink”) leads to umbilicus. 2) Maximum height about 10 mm. Well developed spire about 50% of adult shell height, and about 30% on juveniles less than 3 mm high.

3) Aperture occupies about 30% of area in apertural-view images of full grown adults.

4) Body whorl has four brown spiral bands.

5) Body whitish with grey, yellow, orange and/or aquamarine parts.

6) Found on Laminaria and, especially juveniles, on small red weeds. Also on Zostera and sometimes on fucoids.

Lacuna crassior (Montagu, 1803) fig. 13 flic.kr/p/2kGH26u

1) Wide white columellar shelf. Usually no groove or umbilicus but sometimes small ones present.

2) Distinct spire about 50% of mature shell height, about 45% when younger.

3) Aperture occupies about 30% of area in apertural view.

4) Shell when live, has translucent, yellowish-brown spire and brownish-white body whorl. Thick periostracum has distinct, raised, transverse (costal) ridges. Dead dry shells are dull yellowish-brown if periostracum retained, yellowish white with faint spiral lines if periostracum worn off.

5) Body translucent whitish.

6) A rare species which often associates with the bryozoan Alcyonidium diaphanum.

Habits and ecology

L. pallidula feeds on the surface of Fucus serratus (Smith, 1973) and Laminaria (Lebour, 1937) near low water on rocky shores and to 70 metres depth. It is usually absent where turbidity or soft substrate prevents growth of F. serratus. It cannot survive desiccation. Some populations live in the Baltic in salinity down to 12‰.

It moves with a bipedal stepping motion, lifting alternately the right and left sides of the foot. It breeds in late winter and spring, sometimes extending into summer and autumn, with a maximum in February to May in Britain, but precise dates vary regionally. The spawn mass is a low gelatinous dome with an almost circular, oval base (not kidney-shape), diameter 3.9 mm to 5.3 mm (Lebour, 1937), laid on fronds of F. serratus or Laminaria. There are up to about 200 ova per spawn mass fig. 14 flic.kr/p/2kNQ71M . In the low salinity Øresund, Denmark, the masses are smaller with as few as 13 ova (Thorson, 1946 in Fretter & Graham, 1962).

Fretter and Graham (1962) reported confusion with the spawn of “Littorina littoralis” (the name mistakenly used formerly by British authors for an aggregate of Littorina obtusata and L. fabalis). The limited material examined for this account suggests the confusion is with L. fabalis which lives on F. serratus at the same shore level and lays similar, almost circular oval spawn masses, while L. obtusata lives higher up the shore, favouring Ascophyllum, and often lays kidney-shaped spawn masses up to 7 mm long. The difference between the spawn masses of L. fabalis and Lacuna pallidula may be that the latter has a distinctly bevelled peripheral rim while the surface of the former slopes to the substrate without a break in slope fig. 14 flic.kr/p/2kNQ71M . But more investigation is required to test these suggestions; the difference might be due to age of spawn mass. Lacuna parva also has similar spawn but it is found on red algae and is smaller, about 2.5 mm diameter with about 50 ova in Britain fig. 14 flic.kr/p/2kNQ71M ; 2.2 mm to 2.5 mm with 6 to16 ova in the brackish Øresund (Ockelmann & Nielsen, 1981 in Wigham & Graham, 2017).

The individual egg capsules of L. pallidula become angular as they swell and become crowded and compressed. There is no planktonic veliger stage; young emerge as tiny crawling snails. Through a microscope, just before hatching, two tentacular extensions of the opercular disc protruding beyond the operculum may be detected on the embryos within the clear capsules (Fretter & Graham, 1962). Males die after mating, and the females about a month later, so all or most adults breeding in the main period are dead by June or July, and few specimens over 5 mm high can be found in August fig. 02 flic.kr/p/2kGH2G9 . Both sexes grow rapidly until October. From October to February males grow slowly, but females at three times their rate so that by breeding time they are over twice as high as males (Thorson, 1946 in Fretter & Graham, 1962). When mating, the small male rides on the female’s shell near the aperture with his penis inserted into her mantle cavity 15Lp flic.kr/p/2rSk89j.

Distribution and status

L. pallidula occurs from northern Norway and Iceland to Atlantic Spain and New England (USA). GBIF map www.gbif.org/species/2301181

It is found all around Britain and Ireland, but is scarce or absent in the north-eastern Irish Sea and southern North Sea where lack of hard substrate and/or turbidity hinder the growth of Fucus serratus and Laminaria. UK distribution map NBN species.nbnatlas.org/species/NBNSYS0000175975#tab_mapView

Acknowledgements

For use of images, I thank Sarah Charles and Rob Durrant.

References and links

Forbes, E. & Hanley S. 1849-53. A history of the British mollusca and their shells. vol. 3 (1853), London, van Voorst. archive.org/details/historyofbritish03forbe/page/56/mode/2up

Also plate LXX11 at end of vol.4, fig. 1 & 2, also fig. 3 & 4 labelled “L. patula” archive.org/details/historyofbritish04forbe/page/n459/mod...

Fretter, V. and Graham, A. 1962. British prosobranch molluscs. London, Ray Society.

Graham, A. 1988. Molluscs: prosobranch and pyramidellid gastropods. Synopses of the British Fauna (New Series) no.2 (Second edition). Leiden, E.J.Brill/Dr. W. Backhuys. 662 pp.

Jeffreys, J.G. 1862-69. British conchology. vol. 3 (1865). London, van Voorst.

archive.org/details/britishconcholog03jeffr/page/350/mode...

Lebour, M.V. 1937. The eggs and larvae of the British prosobranchs with special reference to those living in the plankton. J. mar. biol. Ass. U.K., 22: 105 – 166. plymsea.ac.uk/953/

Ockelmann, K. W. and Nielsen, C. 1981. On the biology of the prosobranch Lacuna parva in the Øresund. Ophelia 20: 1-16.

Abstract at www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00785236.1981.10426559

Smith, D. A. S. 1973. The population biology of Lacuna pallidula (da Costa) and Lacuna vincta (Montagu) in north-east England. J. mar. biol. Ass. U.K., 53: 493-520.

Thorson, G. 1946. Reproduction and larval development of the Danish marine bottom invertebrates. Meddelelser fra Kommissionen for Danmarks Fiskeri- og Havundersøgelser, Serie Plankton 4: 1-523.

Wigham, G.D. & Graham, A. 2017. Marine gastropods 2: Littorinimorpha and other, unassigned, Caenogastropoda. Synopses of the British Fauna (New Series) no.61. (344 pages). Field Studies Council, Telford, England.

Glossary

‰ = (salinity) parts salt per thousand parts water (brackish <30‰).

abapertural = away from the aperture.

abapical = away from the apex of the shell.

adapertural = towards the aperture

adapical = towards the apex of the shell.

aperture = mouth of gastropod shell; outlet for head and foot.

apical = at or near the apex.

chink = (see columellar groove).

columella = solid or hollow axis around which gastropod shell spirals; concealed except next to aperture where hollow ones may end in an umbilicus, slit or siphonal canal.

columellar = (adj.) of or near central axis of spiral gastropod,

columellar groove = Groove where one face of hollow columella missing, terminates in umbilicus. Also called “lacuna” or “chink.

columellar lip = lower (abapical) part of inner lip of aperture.

cephalic = (adj.) of the head.

costa = (pl. costae) rib crossing a whorl of a gastropod shell at about 90° to direction of coiling and any spiral ribs or lines.

costal = (adj.) of, or arranged like, costae.

ctenidium = comb-like molluscan gill; usually an axis with a row of filaments either side.

height = (of gastropod shells) distance from apex of spire to base of aperture.

lacuna = (see columellar groove).

mantle = sheet of tissue that secretes the shell and forms a cavity for the gill.

oligogyrous = (of a spiral) having few turns.

operculum = plate of horny conchiolin used to close shell aperture.

palatal lip = outer lip of gastropod aperture.

parietal lip = upper (adapical) part of inner lip of gastropod aperture that lies, often as a glaze, on surface of whorl.

periostracum = thin horny layer of conchiolin often coating shells.

plankton = animals and plants that drift in pelagic zone (main body of water).

protoconch = apical whorls produced during embryonic and larval stages of gastropod; often different in form from other whorls.

suture = groove or line where whorls adjoin.

umbilicus = cavity up axis of some gastropods, open as a hole or chink on base of shell, sometimes sealed over.

umbilical groove = narrow slit opening of umbilicus on some gastropods.

veliger = shelled larva of marine gastropod or bivalve mollusc which swims by beating cilia of a velum (bilobed flap).

Amigurumi_Strongbad by Bonnie Sennott

5 1

Amigurumi Strong Bad! This awesome birthday present was crocheted by my talented sister Betsey. The pattern is by Aleta Fera; you can get the free PDF on Ravelry.

PDF_Fall 2010 (3) by Mark Borden

CONVEY by E-ville81

6 10

After following a simple tutorial on How to Create a "D.I.Y" Muslin, I set up a little DIY in house Studio. Here I am in Self-Portraiture. Though you woud not know it looking at this photo. I am quiet pleased with the results, So far.

Here is the "how to" link that I used www.diyphotography.net/homestudio/chaep-diy-muslin-photog...

Vintage natural grown Coticule with Hybrid Layer inclusions and BBW backing (GBB/BBB/BBW) by razorlovestones

Size: 12x5x3cm, weight: XXXgr.

Density: X,XXgr./cm³ / Estimated grit size: very variable 4K-8K

Usage: with water or oil, water should be preferred

Colour: differs totally from which quarry and which layer the stone was quarried. To identify and get further more information about the different kinds, read Henk Bos - Grinding and Honing Part 4 about Belgian Whetstones in detail (www.bosq.home.xs4all.nl) additional a visit of Coticule.be (maintained & created by Bart Torfs) is recommended! (www.coticule.be)

A Sharpening Stone which is known as a Coticule, Belgian Waterwhestone or in german "Gelber Belgischer Brocken" which is also shortened as GBB. There is also a second type which is and in the past was mostly used a the backing of the Coticule, the "Belgian Blue Waterwhetstone" or in german "Blauer Belgischer Brocken" shortened as BBW/BBB. Coticules are very interesting in their apperance, none is like the other and sometimes they have really nice structures (banding, gradients, inclusions).

Concerning the performance of the stones, the Coticules are very flexible in usage. That means that the stones with a very thick slurry used with more pressure work quite fast and remove a lot of material! A moderate slurry is a bit slower, using plain water is the slowest way which is used to polish the bevel and finish on the Stone. Later on there is a link to both Sharpening techniques brought to paper from Coticule.be named "Unicot" und "Dilocut" which are both great if they are well learned.

"About this Stone"

A very thick stone (3cm) with a mixed up Coticule layer, on certain areas it has several hybrid layer inclusions (Quartz). It has a natural grown BBW backing. At the End on one side both layers (Coticule/BBW) get mixed up together, this is quite rare and ive never seen any comparable stone.

more about the History of Coticules can be found here:

www.ardennes-coticule.be/en/ardennes-coticule-en.html

General information on coticules:

Wikipedia.de: "Belgischer Brocken"

de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgischer_Brocken

Coticule.be

www.coticule.be

Salmchateau.be: "Le Coticule de Salchateau"

www.salmchateau.be/article39.html

Vielsalm.be: "Musee de Coticule"

www.vielsalm.be/loisirs-et-tourisme/culture/les-musees/mu...

Sources of buying coticules:

Ardennes-coticule.be, Founder is Maurice Celis

www.ardennes-coticule.be

Belgischer-Brocken.com, Site from Steffen J. Lindner:

www.belgischerbrocken.de/

The Supirior Shave (TSS):

thesuperiorshave.com/

How to use a coticule:

Coticule.be: "Méthode Unicot" with PDF Files in EN, NL, IT, FR, ES, DE

(Link: www.coticule.be/unicot.html)

Coticule.be: "Méthode Dilucot" with PDF Files in EN, NL, FR, ES

(Link: www.coticule.be/dilucot-honing-method.html)

Geological Information:

Région Walonne, Bra Lierneux, 55/3-4: "Carte Géologique de Wallonie "

Échelle: 1/25000, Notice Explicative

(Link: geologie.wallonie.be/files/content/sites/geoprod/files/re...)

Literature:

[1] Bos, Henk - "Grinding and Honing Part 4 Belgian Whetstones", Info 20M, ISSN 1872-7824

(Link: www.xs4all.nl/~bosq)

[2] Boulvain, F. Prof. & Pingot, J. L. Dr. - Excursions: "Une introduction à la GEOLOGIE de la WALLONIE", Université de Liège, Faculté des Sciences, Département de Géologie, 2014

(Link: www2.ulg.ac.be/geolsed/geolwal/geolwal.htm)

[3] Boulvain, F. Prof. - Excursions "Excursions des cours de Processus Sedimentaires et Geologie de la Wallonie", Université de Liège, Faculté des Sciences, Département de Géologie, 2013

[4] Caubergs Michel - "Inventaire de quelques anciennes mines et carrieres souterraines de Wallonie", Essai D'archeologie miniere, 1991

[5] Devleeschouwer, Xavier / Mullard, Cyril / Goemaere, Eric - "Underground Workings of Slate Vein and Coticule in the commune of Vielsam (Belgium): The Geological Risk Management through Database and GIS", Post-Mining 2005, November 16-17, Nancy, France

(Link: gisos.ensg.inpl-nancy.fr/fileadmin/File/PM_2005/PM05_pdf/...)

[6] Gaspard, Charles - "L'industrie de la Pierre a rasoir dans le region de Sart-Lierneux", Extraites des Enquêtes du Museé de la Vie Wallonie, TOME XIV (No. 5 157-160)

[7] Goemaere, Eric - "Ardoise et coticule en Terre de Salm, Des pierres et des Hommes", Collection Geosciences du Service Géologique de Belgique, Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique, ISBN : 978-2-9600676-1-3

(Link: www.sciencesnaturelles.be/institute/structure/geology/gsb...)

(Extrait "L'atelier Burton: www.sciencesnaturelles.be/institute/structure/geology/gsb...)

[8] Goemaere, E. & Declercq, P-Y. , 2012. "Le "coticule" de Vielsalm et Lierneux (Belgique)" une pierrre à aiguiser au passé mondial. Ann. Soc. géologique du Nord, 19 (2e série), 117-131

[9] Lessuise, A., "Le coticule. Situation géographique et géologique des gisements. Exploitation et préparation des pierres abrasives. Valorisation des déchets d’exploitation" Annales des Mines de Belgique, 1: 101-125, 1981

[10] Remacle, A. - "Les ardoisières de l’Ardenne belge" Intérêt biologique et état des lieux des sites en surface. Région wallonne, Direction Générale des Ressources Naturelles et de l’Environnement, Division de la Nature et des Forêts, Travaux n° 30, 189 p., 2007

[11] Renard, A. & S.J. - "Sur la structure et La Composition Minéralogique Du Coticule et sur ses Rapports avec Le Phyllade Oligistifère, 21.10.1876

[12] Knight, Richard - Appendix No. V Pages 231-237, Paragraph Nr. 15 in "Transactions of the Society instituted at London for the...Encouragement of Arts, Manufacturers and Commerce, Vol. L, 1836

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"צייד הנאצים"טוביה פרידמן

פרידה מצייד הנאצים טוביה פרידמן, שהביא ללכידת אייכמן

בסוף השבוע שעבר נקבר צייד הנאצים טוביה פרידמן. האיש שהקים את המכון לדוקומנטציה בחיפה, הביא לתפיסתם של אלפי נאצים, הגיע הכי קרוב לד"ר מנגלה והעלה את עצמות חוזה המדינה. גולת הכותרת במפעל חייו: אדולף אייכמן. זמן חיפה מביא את סיפורו של גיבור, שעשה הכל לבדו

עדי לרנר | 23/1/2011 16:20

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תגיות: טוביה פרידמן, צייד נאצים, בדיחה ידועה שהתרוצצה לפני מספר שנים על נשיא המדינה, שמעון פרס, סיפרה, שכאשר נתקע פעם אחת באחד מסיוריו בחו"ל ללא מכנסיים מתאימות, הובהלו לו 2 זוגות מכנסיים מהארץ. כשבא ללבוש אחד מהן – לא הצליח להיכנס לתוכו.

אמיר קנגון עם דודו טוביה פרידמן בוינה 1951 צילום: באדיבות המשפחה

מבולבל ניסה להיכנס פרס לזוג השני, אך גם כאן לא עלה בידו להיכנס אל המכנסיים. צלצלו בבהילות אנשי לשכתו לארץ, ונזפו בחייט הישראלי שהביא לפרס את המכנסיים הלא מתאימות. "זאת לא אשמתי", טען החייט, "בחו"ל שמעון פרס תמיד יותר גדול".

בשישי שעבר הובא למנוחת עולם בבית הקברות בכפר סמיר טוביה פרידמן, כשהוא בן 89 במותו. עשרות ליוו את צייד הנאצים, ואפילו ראש עיריית חיפה, יונה יהב, ספד לו וסיפר בהתרגשות איך ביקש בגיל 12 ממערכת העיתון "מעריב לנוער" לשהות במשך יום במחיצתו של פרידמן, ומאז נקשר אליו וליווה אותו.

למרבה הצער השם טוביה פרידמן לא יצלצל מוכר לרוב הקוראים, ובוודאי הצעירים שבהם. לעומת זאת, לפני כחמש שנים, כאשר נפטר צייד הנאצים שמעון ויזנטל, קיבלה לוויתו אזכורים בכל העיתונים ואתרי האינטרנט המרכזיים.

קשה להסביר כיצד זכה זה לתהילת עולם, והשני, אשר זכה לכבוד אצל כל שועי עולם, דווקא במולדתו נותר אלמוני יחסית, ואולי דווקא, כפי שהיטיב לומר זאת בעצמו פרידמן: "אם הייתי נשאר בוינה - גם אני הייתי הופך למפורסם כמו ויזנטל".

הצייד הראשון

קצרה היריעה מלספר את קורותיו של ניצול השואה, שפעל להבאת עצמות חוזה המדינה, בנימין זאב הרצל, ועצמות משפחתו, ארצה. שהיה זה שלמעשה מצא את אדולף אייכמן, והסגיר אותו לידי המוסד.

טוביה פרימן על רקע הרייכסטאג בגרמניה צילום: באדיבות המשפחה

שהיה האיש הקרוב ביותר למציאתו של ד"ר יוזף מנגלה, שעזר לארגון ה"הגנה" לאגור נשק לקראת סיום המנדט הבריטי, שפעל על מנת לבטל את חוק ההתיישנות על פשעי הנאצים, שאיתר למעלה מאלפיים מהם, כולל מפקד האס אס של גטו ראדום וסגנו, והביא להסגרתם של חלק ולתלייתם של אחרים, ועוד.

הכל בעזרת שתי ידיו ושתי רגליו, מבלי עזרה מהמדינה, מבלי תמיכה מ"יד ושם", בראש סניפה החיפאי עמד 3 שנים, מבלי לעשות לעצמו מפעל שלם של יחסי ציבור. מפעל של אדם אחד, שראוי שיישמע סיפורו.

את רוב שנותיו בארץ בילה טוביה פרידמן בדירתו בחיפה, אך את שנותיו האחרונות בילה פרידמן בחולון, בבית אחותו בלה קנגון, לאחר אירוע מוחי שעבר. השבעה עצמה נערכת בביתה של בלה, והדירה מלאה בתמונות ובתצלומים, שתלה אמיר, בנה, שנחשב עוד מילדות לממשיך דרכו של פרידמן.

בין תמונות של טוביה, או של בעלה של בלה, בוריס קנגון, שנפטר לפני 3 שנים, אחת התמונות הבולטות בסלון היא של רוני, בנו של פרידמן שנספה בתאונת צלילה ב-78'. אנה, אשתו של פרידמן, מספר אמיר, לא הצליחה לעמוד בכאב, ונפטר לאחר שנים ספורות.

ביום שישי נקבר פרידמן לצד שניהם, בבית הקברות בכפר סמיר. "רוני היה במבדקים לשייטת, צוללן מוכשר. בערב לפני שקרה האסון, ערב ליל הסדר, הם היו אצלנו בבית, הוא, אמא שלו, הדוד טוביה וכל החברים מהשייטת. לאחר שנגמרה הארוחה ואנשים עמדו לצאת, סגרתי בטעות את הדלת על האצבעות של היד שלו. מכיוון שאמו הייתה רופאה בבית החולים בחיפה חבשו לו את היד, ובבוקר הם נסעו לשארם.

היו 41 מעלות בחוץ, אבל הם צללו. בסירה עימם הייתה בחורה אמריקאית, שביקשה מרוני, כחלק מאתגר, להביא לה חול מעומק של 12 מטרים. רוני צלל, וחזר עם מבוקשה. בהמשך ביקשה ממנו לצלול לעומק עמוק יותר, גם במשימה זו עמד בהצלחה. לבסוף, שכשכבר היה מותש מהחום והצלילות ביקשה בשלישית. למרות עייפותו צלל שוב, אך מהצלילה הזאת לא שב".

תמונה נוספת שמראה לי אמיר היא של פרידמן ושלו, בגיל שנתיים, בוינה. הדוד מחזיק לאחיין את היד. וכך הם הלכו, יד ביד, שישים שנה, כשקנגון הופך לסגנו של דודו, עוזר היכן שצריך, שותף לאירועים, שבדיעבד הפכו היסטוריים, מתעד באדיקות, כמו הדוד, כדי שדבר לא יישכח.

הנאצים הראשונים

לפני כעשור התראיין פרידמן למגזין "בית משיח" של תנועת חב"ד, ובו סיפר על הקשר האמיץ שקשר עם הרבי מליובאוויטש, וגם על איך עצר, במסגרת תפקידו כקצין חקירות במשרד הביטחון הפולני, מאות נאצים, וביניהם נאצים מהגטו ממנו נמלט במהלך השואה.

טוביה פרידמן על קברו של בנימין זאב הרצל צילוםף באדיבות המשפחה

"הגעתי לוינה עם קבוצת יהודים נוספת, במטרה להמשיך לארץ ישראל, אלא שבשמים ייעדו לי מטרה אחרת. באותם ימים פגשתי בוינה את היינריך ראקוץ’, מידידי בעיר ראדום, אותו היכרתי אישית ממחנה הריכוז שקולנה. הוא הפתיע אותי: 'אתה זוכר את סמל האס אס בוכמאיר, שרצח בראדום כל כך הרבה יהודים? הוא נמצא כאן בוינה, ופתח חנות'.

"כשהגענו לשם התברר לנו כי הוא כלוא במחנה שבויים אמריקאי ליד זלצבורג. המשכנו לשם, והצגנו את עצמנו בפני מפקד המחנה. הוא ידע כי נאצים רבים מסתירים את שמותיהם ותפקידם, כדי להקל בעונש שיוטל עליהם. התחפשתי לאסיר גרמני, והוכנסתי למחנה כשבוי גרמני על מנת לנסות לזהות את הצורר בוכמאיר. כעבור שעות ספורות זיהיתי אותו, והוא נקרא מייד למפקד המחנה לחקירה.

"בוכמאיר אמר שאינו זוכר אותי. 'אתה התרוצצת עם מקל כבד, והכית בנו עד זוב דם', הזכרתי לו. 'היו לך אפילו אחיות שחבשו אותנו, כדי שתוכל להכותנו שוב אחר כך'. שפתיו של בוכמאיר נעו במבוכה וזעם, 'אבל לא הייתי הגרוע ביותר בראדום'.

"מיד לאחר החקירה החל הליך הסגרתו של בוכמאיר לפולין ושם הועמד לדין. לאחר מכן איתרנו נאצי נוסף בשם ריכרד שייגל, שהעביר אלפי יהודים מגיטו ראדום אל מחנה ההשמדה בטרבלינקה. מפקד משטרת וינה טען בפנינו כי ריכרד נעצר ושוחרר מחוסר הוכחות. אולם על סמך עדותי ועדותו של היינריך, הוא נעצר עוד באותו לילה. הוא נחקר והועמד לדין. את חייו סיים בבית הסוהר בוינה. אלו הנאצים הראשונים שלכדתי".

בהמשך מצא גם את ראש האס אס ומפקד המשטרה בראדום, הרברט בטכר, וסגנו וילהלם בלום, שהיו אחראים לשליחתם של כ-300,000 יהודים למחנה הריכוז בטרבלינקה, בהם משפחתו של פרידמן.

פרידמן נולד בראדום, פולין ב-1922. ב-1941 הועבר ביחד עם משפחתו לגטו ראדום, ושנה לאחר מכן נשלחו אחותו ואמו לטרבלינקה. הוא נשלח למחנה עבודה, ומשם נדד ממקום למקום, עד שהגיע למחנה ברחוב שקולנה.

ביוני 44' הצליח לברוח ביחד עם שני חברים נוספים מהגטו דרך תעלת ביוב, ושרד בשטח. הוא ניצל פעמים רבות ממוות, כשבאחת מהן, לילה לפני הוצאתו להורג, חיסל את החייל שהופקד עליו, וברח.

ב-45' הצטרף למשטרה הפולנית בזהות בדויה, וזאת למען המטרה אליה שאף – רדיפת הנאצים ונקמת דם משפחתו. הוא הפך לקצין חקירות, ובמסגרת תפקידו עצר מאות נאצים, והביאם לדין. שנה לאחר מכן, כשפגש את אחותו בלה, ששרדה אף היא, תכנן לעלות ארצה דרך ארגון "הבריחה", שם הכיר את אשר (ארתור) בן נתן, שלימים כיהן כשגריר הישראלי הראשון בגרמניה המערבית, וכיום מכהן כראש יד בן גוריון.

בן נתן גייס את פרידמן למשימת איסוף המידע אודות פושעי מלחמה נאצים, כאשר הראשון במעלה היה ראש החטיבה היהודית באס אס, אדולף אייכמן.

בראשית שנות ה-50 הפסיקה ארצות הברית את המאמצים באיתור פושעי מלחמה. פרידמן החליט לעלות לארץ, כשהאמין שבמדינת ישראל יוכל לעשות את משימתו ביתר שאת, אך בדיעבד את מרבית הפושעים שתפס - תפס דווקא בוינה.

האיש שמצא את אייכמן

גולת הכותרת במסע הצייד שניהל פרידמן כנגד הנאצים, הייתה ללא ספק 15 השנים בהם בילה במרדף אחר אדולף אייכמן.

אדולף אייכמן במשפטו, מאחורי קיר הזכוכית צילום: אי-פי

סיפור מציאתו של אייכמן החל בסוף אוגוסט 1959, כאשר מנהל המרכז הפדרלי לחקירת פשעי הנאצים, ארווין שילה, הודיע לפרידמן, שעבד איתו צמוד, כי ככל הנראה אותרו עקבותיו של אייכמן בכווית. פרידמן ניסה להציף את העניין לתודעה הארצית, ופנה לעיתונאי משה מייזלס שיפרסם את הסיפור.

הידיעה על הימצאו של אייכמן עשתה גלים, ומשרד החוץ ביקש מפרידמן לחדול ממעשיו. פרידמן נטש את הזירה המקומית, ופרסם מודעות בעיתונים בחו"ל, בה הציע פרס של 10 אלף דולרים למוסרי מידע אמין על מיקומו של אייכמן.

באוקטובר 59' התקבל אצל פרידמן מכתב מלותר הרמן, ניצול שואה שבחר לארגנטינה, וטען כי אייכמן נראה בבואנוס איירס בארגנטינה. פרידמן העביר את המידע למוסד, וב-23 במאי הודיע בן גוריון מעל בימת הכנסת כי אייכמן נמצא בישראל.

ב-24.5.60, יום לאחר ההודעה, פרסם רפאל בשן, כתב מעריב, טור. "היה זה יומו הגדול של איש ממוצע קומה, בעל עיניים נוגות והליכות הססניות, הנושא תדיר תיק עור ישן ומסמורטט תחת בית שחיו – יומו הגדול של טוביה פרידמן", כתב. "לא, הוא לא לכד במו ידיו את רב הטבחים – את המלאכה הטובה והנקייה עשו הבחורים, אבל טוביה פרידמן יצר את האווירה לכך.

"העלה את זכרו של רב הטבחים הערמומי הזה לסדר יומנו, הציב אותו על ראש כל שמחתנו, החדיר אותו לתודעתנו. שבוע שבוע, חודש חודש הוא נדנד, והטריד, והתדפק על דלתות מוסדות וארגונים, ואישים, וחברי כנסת, ומזכירים ומזכירונים - ולא נתן לנו מנוח, ולא אפשר לנו לשכוח.

"ממשרדון קטן בעיר הכרמל, בלי פרוטה של תמיכה ציבורית, ניהל את המערכה שלו – נגד אייכמן, ונגד בירוקרטיה ואטימות מוחין של מוסדות מסורבלים, קהי רגש, קצרי רואי, שהתנכלו לדוקומנטציה שלו.

"15 שנים רצופות רדף אחרי אדולף אייכמן, אסף פרט לפרט, מסמך למסמך, תצלום לתצלום. התכתב עם כל קצוות תבל, שלח לתובע הכללי הגרמני 400 עמודים גדושי חומר על אייכמן. אתמול הגיע פרידמן לסוף הדרך".

3 ימים לאחר מכן ראיין בשן את פרידמן: "אני עייף", אמר לו פרידמן, "עייף מ-15 שנות אייכמן. זה היום הגדול בחיי".

"בלי הדוד שלי - לא היו מגלים את אייכמן לעולם", מחזיר אותי האחיין אמיר למאה ה-21. "באחד העיתונים כתבו, שאייכמן היה בסך הכל נמושה. מה תפסו? אדם זקן. אבל שכחו את הדבר הכי חשוב - שהקונץ היה להגיע אליו, לחפש אותו בין כל המדינות שעזרו לו, להביא אותו לידי המוסד, ואת זה הדוד שלי עשה, הוא".

אגב, בזמן המשפט היה פרידמן אחד האנשים היחידים שהורשו להיכנס אל תאו של אייכמן, ועד היום נמצאים דפים, כתובים בעט אדומה, עליהם כתב אייכמן את פרטי הפיתרון הסופי. "כל יום במהלך המשפט הדוד שלי היה שם. הרי אייכמן כתב לו מכלא רמלה 2 דפים עם עט אדומה, על כל הפיתרון הסופי. הדוד שלי נתן את זה אחר כך לספריה הלאומית בירושלים, אבל צריך לזכור שאייכמן כתב את זה באופן אישי לדוד שלי".

האויב מבית

שנה לאחר תפיסתו של אייכמן, ב-1961, הוציא פרידמן את ספרו "הצייד", שתורגם ל-5 שפות ויצא במספר מהדורות. אמיר מספר שאפילו במהלך הוצאת הספר נתקל דודו בקשיים, הפעם מבית.

הפתרון הסופי בכתב ידו על אדולף אייכמן במכתב לטוביה פרידמן צילום רפרודוקציה: באדיבות המשפחה

"ב-1961, כשהוא בא לכתוב את הספר שלו, ובו סיפר שהוא עשה הכל, אז ראש המוסד דאז, איסר הראל, רצה למנוע ממנו את זה, אולי כי זה היה פוגע בספרו 'הבית ברחוב גריבלדי', שם היו פרטים מעט שונים מהפרטים שנתן דוד שלי. הוא לא הצליח מסיבה אחת, מכיוון שדוד שלי היה ביחסים טובים עם ז'קלין קנדי, שהייתה המו"ל של הספרייה הגדולה בעולם, והוציאה את הספר במספר שפות. מול גב שכזה אי אפשר להתווכח", נזכר קנגון.

סיפור נוסף שמתאר קנגון, מגלה סערה שהתחוללה סביב פרס ק.צטניק: "השכן שלי בתל אביב היה יחיאל דינור (ק.צטניק), וכשהוא כתב את סלמנדרה הוא הקדיש אותו לבן שלי, רוני, שבכיו, כך טען, השאיר אותו שפוי בלילות בהם כתב.

"פילו הילדים שלו לא ידעו, שהספרים שהם קוראים ולומדים נכתבו בידי אבא שלהם. יום אחד הוא סיפר לי על קרן ק.צטניק, ועל פרס של מיליון דולרים שמוענק דרכה. 'אני רוצה שהפרס יינתן לדוד שלך', אמר לי, 'מכיוון שהוא פועל מהארץ, וכל השאר לא. בסוף קיבל את הפרס אלי ויזל. אנחנו שתקנו, אבל דינור החליט שהוא מפסיק לתת את הפרס בעקבות המקרה".

אך סיפור זה הוא רק טיפה בים, לטענת קנגון, ודודו נאלץ להילחם בבירוקרטיה הישראלית לא פעם. אם מול אנשים מסוימים במוסד (למרות שעם השר לשעבר, רפי איתן, נשאר בקשרים מצוינים עד מותו) או אפילו "יד ושם", אשר בראש סניפו החיפאי עמד שלוש שנים עד אשר הסתכסך עם ראשיו ב-1956, בעקבות 2 מסיבות עיתונאים מפורסמות, בהן הציג מסמכים רבים שאסף בוינה אודות נאצים.

המדינה לא ביקשה את הסגרתם, ו"יד ושם", שטענה כי מטרתה תיעוד הנספים ולא רדיפת נאצים, אילצה את פרידמן לעזוב כעבור שנה את שורותיה. אז החליט פרידמן לייסד את "המכון לדוקומנטציה בישראל לחקר פעולות הפושעים הנאציים", שמטרתו הייתה חיבור ספרים בנושאי השואה, תביעת מדינות אשר ברשותן רכוש שנגזל מיהודים בשואה ועריכת תערוכות והרצאות בנושא השואה בארץ ובחו"ל. אחת התערוכות הציגה במרכז האקדמי כרמל עשרות צילומים המתעדים את תקופת השואה, אותם מסר פרידמן.

בצילומים נראים יהודי אירופה בגטאות, במחנות ההשמדה, וחלקם צולמו על ידי הנאצים דקות לפני ביצוע הוצאות להורג המוניות. כל הצילומים נתונים במסגרות ששוחזרו ושופצו, לקראת הצגתם בתערוכה. "הצגת התערוכה היא מחווה לטוביה פרידמן, שמפעל חייו היה להביא לדין פושעי מלחמה נאצים", מסר אז נשיא המרכז האקדמי, פרופסור יחזקאל טלר, "אבל חשיבותה בצורך שלנו לא רק לזכור, אלא גם להזכיר לדורות הבאים את אימת הימים ההם".

גם את המכון הזה הקים פרידמן מאפס, ועבד בו בהתנדבות עד אפריל 1958, כאשר הקונגרס הציוני העולמי החליט לאשר מימון חודשי של 200 לירות לפעילות המכון. נכון לשנת 2005 הוציא המכון לדוקומנטציה, יותר מ-150 פרסומים וכ-20 ספרים בנושא השואה.

הכי קרוב למנגלה

פעילות נוספת שהייתה לחם חוקו של פרידמן, היא פעולותיו לביטול ההתיישנות בחוק הגרמני על פשעי הנאצים. פרידמן לחם בנושא רבות, ולאחר כעשרים שנות מאבק הוחלט בבונדסטאג לבטל את ההתיישנות על פשעי רצח ורצח עם.

יוזף מנגלה צילום: אי-פי

אחד המקרים בהם לא ויתר פרידמן, היה איתורו של ד"ר יוזף מנגלה, אליו לקח גם את אחיינו אמיר: "הייתי עם הדוד שלי 3 פעמים בבית של יוזף מנגלה לפני 20 שנה", הוא מספר. "ישבנו מול הבן שלו בעיירה גינזבורג, מאה ק"מ מהגבול השוויצרי בדרך למינכן.

"הבית נקרא 'בית חרושת לקוגלגרים', אבל היה לנו מידע מבוסס ששם גרה משפחתו. נסענו עם הרכב, הגענו לשם ודוד שלי התחזה לאחד הלקוחות, כדי לראות איפה מנגלה חי. נפגשנו עם הבן, האמא ודיברנו בעיקר על קוגלגרים. הוא לא חשד בכלום.

אחרי כמה ימים של ביקורים, על מנת שפחדנו שלא ניפול בפח, הגענו שוב לאותו בית חרושת וקבענו שדוד שלי יהיה בפנים ואני בחוץ. אם יקרה משהו - שיודיע ואגיע. בפעם השלישית דוד שלי הצליח להבין מהבן איפה מנגלה נמצא. באותו הרגע גם הבן הבין שהוא נפל למלכוד. הוא ניסה לתפוס את הדוד שלי, וסגר עליו את דלת הברזל של הכניסה לבית.

"דוד שלי אותת לי, ואני עם המכונית פרצתי פנימה והוצאתי אותו. לצערי אז לא היו פלאפונים, וכשיצאנו משם הרמנו מייד טלפון לנציג של המוסד באותו אזור, ואמרנו לו שמנגלה נמצא במלון אנגלברג בציריך. אנשי המוסד רצו מהר לאזור, אבל בשעתיים הם פספסו אותו, מכיוון שהבן הספיק להזהיר אותו".

מנגלה לא נתפס מעולם, עד שבשנת 79' התגלתה גופת גבר שטבע מול חופי ברזיל. בדיקות DNA שנערכו לגופה לאחר מספר שנים גילו, כי מדובר באותו דוקטור רצחני, שמת משבץ בזמן ששחה בים.

כמו במקרה של ד"ר מנגלה, גם בשאר המקרים התלווית אל הדוד שלך? הרי כולם טוענים שאתה ממשיך הדרך שלו.

"תסתכל על התמונה (מצביע לי על אותה תמונה מוינה). ככה אנחנו כבר מגיל קטן. מגיל שנתיים הוא מחזיק לי את היד, ועכשיו אני החזקתי לו את היד. הרי כשהבן הבכור שלי נולד, קראתי לו רוני על שמו".

סיפור נוסף, שמראה את מידת התמדתו ועקשנותו של פרידמן, ניתן למצוא בסיפור בו הצליחו פרידמן וקנגון לאסוף מסמכים רבים מספריה בברלין. "יום אחד אומר לי הדוד שלי 'בוא ניסע לברלין. יש חוק מסוים לגבי הספריות, שטוען שאם עד שנה מסוימת האמריקאים לא רוצים לקחת את החומר איתם - זה נשאר אצל הגרמנים'.

"היה קולונל אמריקאי שקיבל 10 אלף דולרים, פלוס בונוסים לאשתו, כדי שיפנה את המקום. הגענו לשם בסוף שבוע, הבאנו צוות צילום, ולקחנו את כל המיקרו פילמים והמסמכים של הגסטאפו הגרמני שהיה שם. את הצילומים השארנו שם, כדי שלא יחשדו בכלום. הגענו לשגרירות בבון, ארתור היה השגריר, ומשם העברנו הכל למכון לדוקומנטציה בחיפה".

ואת כל המבצע הזה עשיתם רק שניכם?

"צריך לזכור שאת כל המבצעים הוא עשה לבד, ומפעם לפעם הוא ביקש שאני אעזור לו. הוא לבד, בלי שליחים. מפעל של בן אדם אחד, ואני רק עזרה קטנטנה לעתים".

את אייכמן דודך עזר ללכוד, מה בנוגע לאיוון דמיאניוק?

"לא היה לו בזה עניין, בעיניו דמיאניוק לא היה סחורה בכלל. הרי כמו דמיאניוק וגרועים ממנו היו עוד בעשרות אלפים".

נחזור רגע לבדיחה על שמעון פרס. פרידמן אמנם לא היה מוכר לציבור בארץ, אך בחיפה, בה בילה את רוב שנותיו, ידעו לתת לו את הכבוד הראוי לו, וב-2002 הוענק לו תואר יקיר העיר.

טוביה פרידמן צילום: באדיבות המשפחה

בכלל, נושא חיפה היה קרוב לליבו של פרידמן, ולכן, למרות בקשות מערים שונות בעולם, בחר את מקום מושבו, וגם את מכון הדוקומנטציה, בחיפה.

כעת אומר אחיינו, כי הוא הולך לשפץ את המקום ברחוב בן יהודה 31 בעיר, שהוזנח מעט בשנים האחרונות, ולהחזיר אותו לגדולתו. "דוד שלי תמיד אמר לי, כשהיינו טסים ברחבי העולם, שהחלום שלו הוא לקחת שתי פצצות אטום ולהפיל אותן על גרמניה. המסע שלו אף פעם לא נגמר".

לקראת סיום הראיון מקבל אמיר, לא איש קטן בכלל, שיחה, על הקו לשכת הנשיא, שמעון פרס, שהיה בקשרים טובים עם פרידמן עוד בחייו. אמיר לא מצליח להחזיק את עצמו, למשמע המחמאות מעבר לקו ודומע. כשאני שואל אותו מה הדבר הכי חשוב, שהוא רוצה שיזכרו מדודו - הוא משתנק בשנית, ונדמה בעיניי שוב כאותו ילד בן שנתיים, המחזיק ביד של דודו.

"אסכם זאת בשלושה משפטים: דוד מיוחד, דוד אחד ולעד אני אזכור אותך. זה מסכם את הכל מבחינתי. אין אחד כזה בכל כדור הארץ, שעשה מה שעשה הדוד שלי".

1/3 SD BJD Doll Tulle Ruffled Dress Top and Bloomers set pdf E PATTERN in Japanese and Pieces Titles in English by DollyPaws

E PATTERN for one 1/3 SD BJD Doll Tulle Ruffled Dress Top and Bloomers set

Format: PDF

Total 5 pages

(Color Picture of Completed Project NOT included)

Language:

Instructions: JAPANESE (NOT translated)

Pattern pieces titles: Japanese & translated in ENGLISH

Contents:

Illustrated steps (in Japanese); and

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PDF_Fall 2010 (18) by Mark Borden

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Carrigaline by Finbarr O'Neill

Sunday, 31 August 2014

Sunday, 31 August 2014 saw the introduction of the new Cork bus route, no. 220, operating Ballincollig – City Centre – Carragaline – Crosshaven - Fountainstown. This new route replaces route 222 (Cork – Carragaline – Crosshaven - Fountainstown) and route 232 (Cork - Ballincollig). The timetable for the new route can be found here: www.buseireann.ie/pdf/1408444868-220.pdf

VWL303 (12C3495) is seen at the Carrigaline (Town Ctr Br) operating the first 222 service to Ballincollig on the first day of the new route: 0900hrs Carrigaline (Liosbourne) to Ballincollig (EMC Terminus).

On the first day of service, the following buses were noted operating the route: VWL303, VWL305, VWD4, VWD8 & DD17.

NYC Department of Health and Mental Hygiene: Take Charge Take Care - 10 Tips for Safer Use Intravenous Drug Pamphlet Page 6 by Paolo Mastrangelo

NYC Syringe Exchange Schedule (PDF)

www.nyc.gov/html/doh/downloads/pdf/basas/syringe_exchange...

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nyctheblog.blogspot.com/2010/01/new-york-city-department-...

PDF Tutorial 591 by Angela Barenholtz

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ed, texting the mystery woman in canada - _MG_8441 by sean dreilinger

used here, here [pdf], here

we had a fifth person at lunch, but only ed knew who.

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Yeti and Bigfoot amigurumi pattern by Lucyravenscar (Angry Angel)

A pattern to make a cute and cuddly Yeti or Bigfoot, in two different sizes. The little ones are approximately 6” tall (standing), and the big ones are about 9” tall. www.etsy.com/uk/listing/252384429/yeti-and-bigfoot-amigur...

pdf_com by callejasad

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L1410698 by No_Direction_Home

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38 years old Rohingya form Teknaf.

Met him in the street, then shared a tea and start talking about the Burmese Bangladesh political issue. Had served a 3 years sentence in Burma for mobile phone trafficking !

Running a small business in Teknaf, but dreaming of a better life abroad, thinking of using the illegal, paying brokers to smuggle by boat to Malaysia and beyond Australia. His sister got married with a bangladeshi, a more common trend these last years.

Rohingya Refugees in Bangladesh: Limiting the Damage of a Protracted Crisis

www.crisisgroup.org/asia/south-east-asia/myanmar-banglade...

Rohingya Refugee Crisis Explained

www.unrefugees.org/news/rohingya-refugee-crisis-explained/

Six Years of Rohingya Refugee Crisis in Bangladesh: From Here to Where?

www.spf.org/apbi/news_en/b_240627.html

The Rohingyas are a Muslim minority from the North Rakhine State in western Burma. Over the past forty years, the Burmese government has systematically stripped over 1 million Rohingya of their citizenship. Recognized as one of the most oppressed ethnic groups in the world, the Rohingya are granted few social, economic and civil rights. They are subjected to forced labor, arbitrary land seizure, religious persecution, extortion, the freedom to travel, and the right to marry. Because of the abuse they endure in Burma, hundreds of thousands of Rohingya have fled Burma to seek sanctuary in neighboring Bangladesh. In the refugee camps along the south east coast where they settle, most are not recognized as refugees and are considered illegal economic migrants. Unwanted and unwelcome, they receive little or no humanitarian assistance and are vulnerable to exploitation and harassment. In recent years, the Rohingya have paid brokers to smuggle them by boat from Bangladesh to Malaysia and even beyond to Australia, sparking the attention of governments throughout the region.

The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) has confirmed that the statelessness of the Rohingya is not just a Burma-related problem, but a problem with larger regional implications.

pulitzercenter.org/reporting/burma-bangladesh-muslim-mino...

pulitzercenter.org/reporting/rohingya-bangladesh-burma-my...

pulitzercenter.org/reporting/rohingya-burma-bangladesh-st...

www.doctorswithoutborders.org/publications/reports/2002/r...

blogs.mediapart.fr/edition/les-invites-de-mediapart/artic...

pulitzercenter.org/blog/week-review-inside-burma-presiden...

www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-20264279

pulitzercenter.org/reporting/burma-bangladesh-muslim-mino...

pulitzercenter.org/reporting/rohingya-bangladesh-burma-my...

pulitzercenter.org/reporting/rohingya-burma-bangladesh-st...

www.doctorswithoutborders.org/publications/reports/2002/r...

blogs.mediapart.fr/edition/les-invites-de-mediapart/artic...

pulitzercenter.org/blog/week-review-inside-burma-presiden...

www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-20264279

Staniford (1820) / Woodbury / Eastman (1924) / Wick House by Don Shall

2 Appletree Point Lane, Burlington, Vermont USA • From A Brief History of Appletree Point Farm, by Liisa Reimann for the New England Preservation Collaborative. [Note: the link is a PDF document with many informative (but low resolution) historical photographs.]:

Felix Powell, a revolutionary war soldier was the first settler in Burlington coming from Dorset in 1773. He cleared land and built a log house on Apple Tree Point.

October 22, 1774 he purchased from Samuel Averill of Litchfield, Conn. for thirty pounds a tract of land which consisted, in addition to the village lots, of 103 acre lots occupying the whole of Apple Tree Point and extending nearly to the Winooski River.

August 9, 1778 he sold the land to John Murdock of Saybrook, Conn. This deed is the first one recorded that recognized the authority of Vermont. Tablet erected on Appletree Point by the City of Burlington June 1923. …

Surveyed by the Vermont Division for Historic Preservation in June 1983, and entered onto the State Register of Historic Places as the Hilton Wick Property in 1993, the extant remains of the larger Appletree Point Farm represent a tiny sliver of what was once an extensive property covering over 300 acres and reaching from the tip of Appletree Point all the way to North Avenue. The earliest known farm on the property was that of Reuben F. Staniford, and it is his farmhouse that is thought to be within the structure that is known as the Wick House. Indeed, two additional buildings thought to be remnants of Staniford's farm are still extant. The farm's most prominent owners after Staniford were Urban A. Woodbury II, grandson of Governor Urban Andrain Woodbury, and Dr. Oliver N. Eastman, whose descendants still own several properties on Appletree Point. …

Charles Woodbury hired prominent Burlington architect Louis Sheldon Newton to remodel the old farmhouse. Sheldon began sketching his designs in 1922, and in 1924 the remodel was executed. Between September and November 1924, Sheldon spent roughly ninety hours on and off-site working on the design, which included interior and exterior changes, [the Southern Plantation portico recently removed, though evidence remains] as well as the addition of the ell and garage. A new primary entrance door was designed of clear pine, and Woodbury was given two options for the transom and sidelights. W.S. Hutchinson Screens and Weather Strips of Boston outfitted "(6) double hung windows, (1) single and (2) pairs of doors" with Higgin Zinc Metal Weather Strips. Newton's fee was $343.91, with an additional $10.40 assessed for travel expenses. Blueprints, printed by McIntosh and Crandall, cost $3.90 Sheldon invoiced Charles for the 1922 sketches and the 1924 execution of work on November 28, 1924, upon completion of the project

Woodbury, for some reason, delayed payment to the architect. On December 10, 1924 Sheldon sent Charles a request for payment. A second letter followed on December. Woodbury still had not settled his bill more than four years later — a letter dated January 24, 1929 again asks Charles to "in a sense of right and honor … send me a check for the face of the bill and settle the account."
…

[Oliver Eastman operated a farm and dairy operation from this house] until 1961, when he announced "farming within the limits of a city was never attractive at any time." … The last private owner of the former estate was Burlington lawyer Hilton A. Wick.

At the Mic by Andrew Turner

getting ready to speak at Personal Democracy Forum 2009

ysinembargomagazine16_Page_54 (natalia osiatynska) by fernandoprats

"du-champ-i-ssue"

jun.jul.ago.2008 | inviernosurveranonorte

ON PAPER (new! second edition! 25/09!)

PDF (new! second edition! 24/09!)

NAVIGATE it (new! second edition! 24/09!)

Hi-Res PDF (new! second edition! 24/09!)

Un número dedicado a explorar la visión y propuestas de Marcel Duchamp.

No su vida, no su obra; tan sólo algunos de sus conceptos.

Realizado con aportes de artistas, pensadores y diseñadores de todo el mundo

combinados con la explícita intención de producir a su vez un objeto duchampiano.

-el medio como instrumento intelectual que transpasa su especificidad y se burla de ella

-la obra independientemente de su carácter representativo e interpretativo

-”arte”, en términos de convenciones, lo más “amorfo” posible

-”obras” en las que la obra no es una finalidad en sí misma sino una excusa

-interpretaciones o, mejor dicho, lecturas que pueden convivir a pesar de ser aparentemente excluyentes

-objetos “anestesiados estéticamente”, anulados en su probable complacencia de la mirada, “rectificados”,”asistidos” para otorgarles una nueva -a menudo, insólita- significación. Como en la elección de los “ready-mades”: “basada en la indiferencia visual y en la ausencia total del buen o mal gusto”

-obras “definitivamente inacabadas”

-rrose sélavy, su alter(-)ego

-ajedrez, máquinas ópticas, matemáticas, geometría, “artefactos”

-la “pintura mental”, “pintura de precisión”, el rechazo de cualquier elemento en el que la mirada se pueda recrear con fruición

-texto, - bloques, - fotografías, + mixed-media, + pintura, + ilustración.

-toda la revista está en castellano e inglés.

(descárgala gratis y comienza felizmente el verano -o el invierno-)

# # #

This issue plays around the conceptual universe of Marcel Duchamp. Not his life, nor his works, just some of his concepts.

- the medium, as an intellectual tool which goes beyond its specificity mocking it.

- the work, regardless of its representative and interpretative character.

- “art”, in terms of conventions, as “amorphous” as possible.

- “construction”, in which the work is not it’s purpose, but an excuse.

- interpretations, or rather readings which can coexist despite being seemingly exclusive.

- objects “aesthetically anesthetized,” lapsed in their likely sight complacency; “rectified”, “assisted”, to give them a new –often unusual- significance. As with the choice of “ready-mades”: “based on visual indifference and a total absence of good or bad taste”

- works “definitively unfinished”.

- rrose sélavy, his alter (-) ego.

- chess, optic machines, mathematics, geometry, “artifacts”.

- “mental painting,” “precision painting”, the rejection of any element in which sight can be delighted.

- aesthetics: - text, - blocks, - photographs, + mixed-media, + painting, + illustration.

- the whole magazine, in spanish and english.

(download it. it's free. and start enjoying summer -or winter-)

# # #

edit(ing), direct(ing) + complements

fernandoprats

art direct(ing) + design(ing)

estudi prats

insistAnçao, correct(ing) + additional stuff

r | v

listen(ing)

hernán dardes

musicaliz(ing)

albert jordà

translat(ing)

kiddo | emilia cavecedo

frontcover(ing) concept fot

une autre sensualité

backcover(ing) concept borrador

UU - dou _ ble _you et aa

open(ing) concept

nacho piédrola + salaboli & fp porta

-structure:

accesories, lisa kehoe { kiddo | emilia cavecedo, lisa liibbe lara, josean prado, oriol espinal, mark valentine sullivan, hernán dardes, alfredo de la rosa, jonathan minila } => meta

{ pepo m.-the secret society, r | v, leah leone } => hilarious

{ pancho lorenz, natalia osiatynska } fernandoprats => rage

=> meta kiddo | emilia cavecedo, nacho piédrola, salaboli, lisa kehoe { lisa liibbe lara, mark valentine sullivan + shari baker, oriol espinal, gabriel magri, naomi vona, mara carrión }

=> hilarious { d7, olivier gilet, jef safi, special spatial guests }

=> rage { brancollina, gabriel magri, natalia osiatynska, bill horne, UU, christy trotter } simon fröehlich

ysinembargo#16... sensualmente inacabada.

a b r e l a m u r a l l a

antwerp · barcelona · basauri · boulder · bruxelles · buenos aires · carlsbad · collioure · coyoacán · grenoble · holden beach · iowa city · lawrenceville · lansing · london · madrid · mendoza · mexicali b.c. · milano · san francisco · san rafael · sào paulo · tarragona · warsaw

# # #

YSE #16's Original Music | YSElected videos

# # #

Official WEBsite | MySpace | Flickr Group

Pierre & Marie Curie, painted portrait P1000064 by thierry ehrmann

Free download of the entire Abode of Chaos' Opus IX (504 pages)

Secrets revealed of the Abode of Chaos (144 pages, adult only) >>>

"999" English version with English subtitles is available >>>

HD movie - scenario thierry Ehrmann - filmed by Etienne Perrone

----------

Découvrez gratuitement l’intégralité de l’Opus IX de la Demeure du Chaos (504 pages)

voir les secrets de la Demeure du Chaos avec 144 pages très étranges (adult only)

999 : visite initiatique au coeur de la Demeure du Chaos insufflée par l'Esprit de la Salamandre

Film HD d'Etienne PERRONE selon un scénario original de thierry Ehrmann.

courtesy of Organ Museum

Contact Sheet BHS Basketball A8-06-EB-SM-TXT by SportsPhotog71

PLEASE DO NOT CLICK ON "YOUR PHOTOSTREAM" ON THE RIGHT.

To view my "Photo By Russell Kwock" Bay Area Sports Time Machine photo gallery, go here:

www.flickr.com/photos/golfbumsf/sets/72157628794754707/

No.

-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-

Who : Berkeley High School Cheerleaders at the 1975 TOC basketball tournament

(While in Flickr, click directly on the pic to enlarge it. Click on it a second time to bring it back to the small size.)

Tournament of Champions (TOC)

www.bayareasportsstars.com/Counties/TOCHistory.pdf

What : This is a 35mm contact sheet scan.

Where : Oakland Arena-Coliseum, Oakland, California

When : March 1975

Event : Berkeley High School versus ?

1975 Tournament of Champions (TOC), the California High School State Basketball Championship Tournament

Photographer : Russell Kwock / Berkeley Daily Gazette Stringer, 19 YO Shooter

Image Source : Russell

Scanned By : Russell

Contributor : Russell

Russ-Pedia Notes : Copyright Russell Kwock

Nikon Nikomat, Kodak Tri-X 35mm black and white film.

-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-

"Photo By Russell Kwock"

*** San Francisco Bay Area Sports Photographer ***

Since 1971...

All photographs and videos are

More 35mm black/white sports pics from my photo vault will be added to Flickr...check back...

Oct. 2012 New: "Thailand - Asia Photo Blog"

www.flickr.com/photos/golfbumsf/sets/72157631862809626/

Updated: 2016 0321

Download [PDF] Canon EOS Rebel T7i/800D For Dummies (For Dummies (Computer/Tech)) Pre Order by nutro roydi

DONWLOAD NOW fisrtmagazine.biz/?book=1119399777

FULL PDF Canon EOS Rebel T7i/800D For Dummies (For Dummies (Computer/Tech)) Download Online

Libro PDF - Historia de Matamoros by matamoros.com

Titulo: Historia de Matamoros

Autor: José Raúl Canseco

El libro esta dividido en 44 descargas

LEGO WW2 PzKpfw 4 Panzer CAMO Tank 2 by CustomBricks

The PzKpfw 4 IV CAMO Tank consists of 949 bricks,

many details make it authentic.

Dimensions W / H / D: 9,7 / 12,3 / 19,7 [cm]

Instructions PDF + XML available.

For more information look on my profile

Victoria Fountain - Brian Eno Speaker Flowers Sound Installation at Marlborough House by Dominic Alves

View this virtual tour of 152 images as a Slideshow

Victoria Fountain with dolphins, Old Steine by Amon Henry Wilds - looking towards the facade of Marlborough House.

See also the related "Brian Eno 77 Million Paintings" set, - an exhibition that ran concurrently at Fabrica Gallery during the festival.

This image is part of a set of photos of the Brian Eno Speaker Flowers Sound Installation at Marlborough House (and also of the house itself) on the Old Steine, Brighton, East sussex, UK. The exhibition was presented by Fabrica Art Gallery, as part of the Brighton Festival, May 2010. The installation includes the poems and words of Rick Holland.

The Grade I listed house was built circa 1765 , purchased at one time by the Duke of Marlborough, and substantially remodelled by the Scottish architect Robert Adam.

Tags PDF,

View allAll Photos Tagged PDF,