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Now performing: Stephan's Quintet
In Stephan’s Quintet, four galaxies move around each other, held together by gravity, while a fifth galaxy sits in the frame but is actually at a much different distance.
This cluster of galaxies was transformed into sound using images from NASA's James Webb Space Telescope with additional data from the Spitzer Space Telescope and X-ray light from the Chandra X-ray Observatory.
Sonification Credit: NASA/CXC/SAO/K.Arcand, SYSTEM Sounds (M. Russo, A. Santaguida)
Visual description: As the cursor moves down the image, the pitch changes in relation to the brightness. The background galaxies and foreground stars are mapped to different notes on a synthetic glass marimba. Meanwhile, stars with diffraction spikes are played as crash cymbals. The galaxies themselves are heard as smoothly changing frequencies as the scan passes over them. A shock wave of superheated gas is represented by a synthetic string sound.
#NASA #NASAMarshall #NASAWebb #JamesWebb #Telescope #Space #Spitzer #Chandra #Galaxy
It’s the cat’s meow! To celebrate its third year of revealing stunning scenes of the cosmos in infrared light, NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope has “clawed” back the thick, dusty layers of a section within the Cat’s Paw Nebula (NGC 6334). Focusing Webb’s NIRCam (Near-Infrared Camera) on a single “toe bean” within this active star-forming region revealed a subset of mini toe beans, which appear to contain young stars shaping the surrounding gas and dust.
Webb’s look at this particular area of the Cat’s Paw Nebula just scratches the surface of the telescope’s three years of groundbreaking science.
Credit: NASA, ESA, CSA, STScI
#NASAMarshall #NASA #NASAWebb #JWST #NASAGoddard #astrophysics #NASAChandra #Space #Chandra #Telescope #Universe #nebula
Dazzling ✨
What you’re seeing is a 98-light-year-wide chunk of star factory. This new image of N79, a giant region of star formation located about 160,000 light-years from Earth, combines observations from NASA’s Chandra X-ray Observatory and @NASAWebb.
Visual Description:
Shafts of golden light bursting out of a central glowing orb cut through misty clouds in shades of purples, pinks, yellows, and blues.
X-ray, Chandra: NASA/CXC/Ohio State Univ/T. Webb et al.;
Infrared, Webb: NASA/ESA/CSA/STScI;
Image Processing: NASA/CXC/SAO/J. Major
#NASAMarshall #NASA #astrophysics #NASAChandra #Space #Chandra #Telescope #beautiful #space #science #nebula #astronomy #stars
NASA’s Webb rounds out picture of Sombrero Galaxy’s disk
After capturing an image of the iconic Sombrero galaxy at mid-infrared wavelengths in late 2024, NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope has now followed up with an observation in the near-infrared. In the newest image, released on June 3, 2025, the Sombrero galaxy’s tightly packed group of stars at the galaxy’s center is illuminated while the dust in the outer edges of the disk blocks some stellar light. Studying galaxies like the Sombrero at different wavelengths, including the near-infrared and mid-infrared with Webb, as well as the visible with NASA’s Hubble Space Telescope, helps astronomers understand how this complex system of stars, dust, and gas formed and evolved, along with the interplay of that material.
Credit: NASA, ESA, CSA, STScI, Michael Ressler (NASA-JPL), Dave Jones (IAC)
#NASAMarshall #NASA #JWST #NASAWebb #NASAGoddard #galaxy
Astronomers using data from NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope have identified dozens of small galaxies that played a starring role in a cosmic makeover that transformed the early universe into the one we know today.
The tiny galaxies were discovered by Wold and his Goddard colleagues, Sangeeta Malhotra and James Rhoads, by sifting through Webb images captured as part of the UNCOVER (Ultradeep NIRSpec and NIRCam ObserVations before the Epoch of Reionization) observing program, led by Rachel Bezanson at the University of Pittsburgh in Pennsylvania.
For much of its first billion years, the universe was immersed in a fog of neutral hydrogen gas. Today, this gas is ionized — stripped of its electrons. Astronomers, who refer to this transformation as reionization, have long wondered which types of objects were most responsible: big galaxies, small galaxies, or supermassive black holes in active galaxies. As one of its main goals, NASA’s Webb was specifically designed to address key questions about this major transition in the history of the universe.
Recent studies have shown that small galaxies undergoing vigorous star formation could have played an outsized role. Such galaxies are rare today, making up only about 1% of those around us. But they were abundant when the universe was about 800 million years old, an epoch astronomers refer to as redshift 7, when reionization was well underway.
In this image, white diamonds show the locations of 20 of the 83 young, low-mass, starburst galaxies found in infrared images of the giant galaxy cluster Abell 2744. This composite incorporates images taken through three NIRCam filters (F200W as blue, F410M as green, and F444W as red). The F410M filter is highly sensitive to light emitted by doubly ionized oxygen — oxygen atoms that have been stripped of two electrons — at a time when reionization was well underway. Emitted as green light, the glow was stretched into the infrared as it traversed the expanding universe over billions of years. The cluster’s mass acts as a natural magnifying glass, allowing astronomers to see these tiny galaxies as they were when the universe was about 800 million years old.
Credit: NASA/ESA/CSA/Bezanson et al. 2024 and Wold et al. 2025
#NASAMarshall #NASA #NASAWebb #JWST #NASAGoddard #galaxy
Gas and dust ejected by a dying star at the heart of NGC 1514 came into complete focus thanks to mid-infrared data from NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope. Its rings, which are only detected in infrared light, now look like “fuzzy” clumps arranged in tangled patterns, and a network of clearer holes close to the central stars shows where faster material punched through.
This scene has been forming for at least 4,000 years — and will continue to change over many more millennia. At the center are two stars that appear as one in Webb’s observation, and are set off with brilliant diffraction spikes. The stars follow a tight, elongated nine-year orbit and are draped in an arc of dust represented in orange.
Credit: NASA, ESA, CSA, STScI, Michael Ressler (NASA-JPL), Dave Jones (IAC)
#NASAMarshall #NASA #JWST #NASAWebb #NASAGoddard #PlanetaryNebula #nebula
Hello darkness my old friend…
What you are (not) seeing, highlighted in blue, is dark matter. Webb was used to precisely map out the dark matter that is part of the makeup of two colliding galaxy clusters, with help from @NASAChandraXray. Webb captured more extremely faint galaxies in the Bullet Cluster than ever seen before (as well as foreground stars), allowing scientists to accurately determine the mass of the cluster.
Chandra data shows the hot, X-ray-emitting gas present between the two galaxy clusters (highlighted in pink). As these two galaxy clusters collided, this gas was dragged out and left behind. Webb observations show that the dark matter (in blue) still lines up with the galaxies and was not dragged away.
Normally galaxies consist of gas, dust, stars, and dark matter, all combined, even when the galaxies are part of a cluster. Observing this separation between the gas and dark matter is unusual.
While we cannot see dark matter because it does not emit light, it has mass and gravitational influence on light we can see. It can act like a lens, magnifying and warping objects behind it. Imagine dark matter as water so clear you can’t see it unless the wind ripples it. The ripples will distort the shapes of any pebbles below its surface. Likewise, dark matter distorts the shapes of distant background galaxies. We can’t see it, but we see its effects.
Image credit: NASA, ESA, CSA, STScI, CXC
Science credit: James Jee (Yonsei University, UC Davis), Sangjun Cha (Yonsei University), Kyle Finner (Caltech/IPAC)
#NASAMarshall #NASA #NASAWebb #JWST #NASAGoddard #astrophysics #NASAChandra #Space #Chandra #Telescope #Universe
Since antiquity, wreaths have symbolized the cycle of life, death, and rebirth. It is fitting then that one of the best places for astronomers to learn more about the stellar lifecycle resembles a giant holiday wreath itself.
The star cluster NGC 602 lies on the outskirts of the Small Magellanic Cloud, which is one of the closest galaxies to the Milky Way, about 200,000 light-years from Earth. The stars in NGC 602 have fewer heavier elements compared to the Sun and most of the rest of the galaxy. Instead, the conditions within NGC 602 mimic those for stars found billions of years ago when the universe was much younger.
This new image combines data from NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory with a previously released image from the agency's James Webb Space Telescope. The dark ring-like outline of the wreath seen in Webb data (represented as orange, yellow, green, and blue) is made up of dense clouds of filled dust.
Meanwhile, X-rays from Chandra (red) show young, massive stars that are illuminating the wreath, sending high-energy light into interstellar space. These X-rays are powered by winds flowing from the young, massive stars that are sprinkled throughout the cluster. The extended cloud in the Chandra data likely comes from the overlapping X-ray glow of thousands of young, low-mass stars in the cluster.
Credit: X-ray: NASA/CXC; Infrared: ESA/Webb, NASA & CSA, P. Zeilder, E.Sabbi, A. Nota, M. Zamani; Image Processing: NASA/CXC/SAO/L. Frattare and K. Arcand
#NASAMarshall #NASA #astrophysics #NASAChandra #NASA #JWST #NASAWebb #star #starcluster #SmallMagellanicCloud
A new version of the “Christmas tree cluster” is now available. Like NGC 602, NGC 2264 is a cluster of young stars between one and five million years old. (For comparison, the Sun is a middle-aged star about 5 billion years old — about 1,000 times older.) In this image of NGC 2264, which is much closer than NGC 602 at a distance of about 2,500 light-years from Earth, data from NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory (red, purple, blue, and white) has been combined with optical data (green and violet) captured from by astrophotographer Michael Clow from his telescope in Arizona in November 2024.
Credit: X-ray: NASA/CXC/SAO; Optical: Clow, M.; Image Processing: NASA/CXC/SAO/L. Frattare and K. Arcand
#NASAMarshall #NASA #astrophysics #NASAChandra #NASA #JWST #NASAWebb #star #starcluster
Let's get into formation! ✨
High-resolution near-infrared light captured by @NASAWebb (JWST) shows extraordinary new detail and structure in an actively forming star system, Lynds 483.
Two actively forming stars are responsible for the shimmering ejections of gas and dust that gleam in orange, blue, and purple in this representative color image.
Image Credit: NASA, ESA, CSA, STScI
#NASA #NASAMarshall #NASA #Space #JamesWebb #JWST #Telescope #Stars #Astronomy
A rapidly feeding black hole at the center of a dwarf galaxy in the early universe, shown in this artist's concept, may hold important clues to the evolution of supermassive black holes in general.
Using data from NASA's James Webb Space Telescope and Chandra X-ray Observatory, a team of astronomers discovered this low-mass supermassive black hole just 1.5 billion years after the big bang. The black hole is pulling in matter at a phenomenal rate — over 40 times the theoretical limit. While short lived, this black hole's “feast” could help astronomers explain how supermassive black holes grew so quickly in the early universe.
Supermassive black holes exist at the center of most galaxies, and modern telescopes continue to observe them at surprisingly early times in the universe's evolution. It's difficult to understand how these black holes were able to grow so big so rapidly. But with the discovery of a low-mass supermassive black hole feasting on material at an extreme rate so soon after the birth of the universe, astronomers now have valuable new insights into the mechanisms of rapidly growing black holes in the early universe.
The black hole, called LID-568, was hidden among thousands of objects in the Chandra X-ray Observatory's COSMOS legacy survey, a catalog resulting from some 4.6 million seconds of Chandra observations. This population of galaxies is very bright in the X-ray light, but invisible in optical and previous near-infrared observations. By following up with Webb, astronomers could use the observatory's unique infrared sensitivity to detect these faint counterpart emissions, which led to the discovery of the black hole.
Credit: NOIRLab/NSF/AURA/J. da Silva/M. Zamani
#NASAMarshall #NASA #NASAChandra #JWST #NASAWebb #NASAGoddard #galaxy #blackhole #SupermassiveBlackHole
Read more about the Chandra X-ray Observatory
NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope just solved a conundrum by proving a controversial finding made with the agency’s Hubble Space Telescope more than 20 years ago.
In 2003, Hubble provided evidence of a massive planet around a very old star, almost as old as the universe. Such stars possess only small amounts of heavier elements that are the building blocks of planets. This implied that some planet formation happened when our universe was very young, and those planets had time to form and grow big inside their primordial disks, even bigger than Jupiter. But how? This was puzzling.
To answer this question, researchers used Webb to study stars in a nearby galaxy that, much like the early universe, lacks large amounts of heavy elements. They found that not only do some stars there have planet-forming disks, but that those disks are longer-lived than those seen around young stars in our Milky Way galaxy.
This is a James Webb Space Telescope image of NGC 346, a massive star cluster in the Small Magellanic Cloud, a dwarf galaxy that is one of the Milky Way's nearest neighbors. With its relative lack of elements heavier than hydrogen and helium, the NGC 346 cluster serves as a nearby proxy for studying stellar environments with similar conditions in the early, distant universe. Ten, small, yellow circles overlaid on the image indicate the positions of the ten stars surveyed in this study.
Credit: NASA, ESA, CSA, STScI, Olivia C. Jones (UK ATC), Guido De Marchi (ESTEC), Margaret Meixner (USRA)
#NASAMarshall #NASA #JWST #NASAWebb #NASAGoddard #galaxy
For the first time, astronomers have combined data from NASA’s Chandra X-ray Observatory and James Webb Space Telescope to study the well-known supernova remnant Cassiopeia A (Cas A). As described in our latest press release, this work has helped explain an unusual structure in the debris from the destroyed star called the “Green Monster,” first discovered in Webb data in April 2023. The research has also uncovered new details about the explosion that created Cas A about 340 years ago, from Earth’s perspective.
A new composite image contains X-rays from Chandra (blue), infrared data from Webb (red, green, blue), and optical data from Hubble (red and white). The outer parts of the image also include infrared data from NASA’s Spitzer Space Telescope (red, green and blue). To see the outline of the "Green Monster," go to this link
Credit: X-ray: NASA/CXC/SAO; Optical: NASA/ESA/STScI; IR: NASA/ESA/CSA/STScI/Milisavljevic et al., NASA/JPL/CalTech; Image Processing: NASA/CXC/SAO/J. Schmidt and K. Arcand
#NASAMarshall #NASA #astrophysics #NASAChandra #NASA #supernova #NASAWebb #JWST #NASASpitzer
The universe is full of surprises, and sometimes they glow!
This artist concept portrays the brown dwarf W1935, which is located 47 light-years from Earth. Astronomers using NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope found infrared emission from methane coming from W1935. This is an unexpected discovery because the brown dwarf is cold and lacks a host star; therefore, there is no obvious source of energy to heat its upper atmosphere and make the methane glow. The team speculates that the methane emission may be due to processes generating aurorae, shown here in red.
Image Credit: NASA, ESA, CSA, and L. Hustak (STScI)
Did you carve a NASA Webb pumpkin? Send us pictures! Email us at GSFC-NASAwebb@mail.nasa.gov!
For next year, you can download 4 different carving patterns here: jwst.nasa.gov/content/features/spacePumpkin.html (There are even more NASA designs here: svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13416)
Image credit: Hillary Lipko
Pictured above is Kenneth Harris II preparing to enter a cleanroom at NASA Goddard. By age 24, Kenneth Harris II had already become the youngest African American to perform and lead an integration efforts on the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), a combined mission between the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), the European Space Agency (ESA), and the Canadian Space Agency (CSA) that serves as a successor to the highly popular Hubble Space Telescope; however, this was not his first mission. In fact, he has completed work on four successful satellite missions over the course of his more than nine year tenure at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center through a combination of paid internships, academic projects, volunteer positions, and career opportunities.
These missions include MMS, GPM, JWST, and JPSS. Now, at age 25, Kenneth continues to accomplish incredible feats. Read more about this on the @nasawebb page & help support him by commenting #Forbes & #30under30
Image Credit: NASA/Chris Gunn
#JWST #NASA #30under30 #Kennyfharris #Forbes #Tech #nasagoddard
NASA Goddard Space Flight Center enables NASA’s mission through four scientific endeavors: Earth Science, Heliophysics, Solar System Exploration, and Astrophysics. Goddard plays a leading role in NASA’s accomplishments by contributing compelling scientific knowledge to advance the Agency’s mission.
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Using the unique infrared sensitivity of NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope, researchers can examine ancient galaxies to probe secrets of the early universe. Now, an international team of astronomers has identified bright hydrogen emission from a galaxy in an unexpectedly early time in the universe’s history. The surprise finding is challenging researchers to explain how this light could have pierced the thick fog of neutral hydrogen that filled space at that time.
The Webb telescope discovered the incredibly distant galaxy JADES-GS-z13-1, observed to exist just 330 million years after the big bang, in images taken by Webb’s NIRCam (Near-Infrared Camera) as part of the James Webb Space Telescope Advanced Deep Extragalactic Survey (JADES). Researchers used the galaxy’s brightness in different infrared filters to estimate its redshift, which measures a galaxy’s distance from Earth based on how its light has been stretched out during its journey through expanding space.
This image shows the galaxy JADES GS-z13-1 (the red dot at center), imaged with Webb's NIRCam (Near-Infrared Camera) as part of the JWST Advanced Deep Extragalactic Survey (JADES) program. These data from NIRCam allowed researchers to identify GS-z13-1 as an incredibly distant galaxy, and to put an estimate on its redshift value. Webb’s unique infrared sensitivity is necessary to observe galaxies at this extreme distance, whose light has been shifted into infrared wavelengths during its long journey across the cosmos.
Credit: NASA, ESA, CSA, JADES Collaboration, J. Witstok (University of Cambridge/University of Copenhagen), P. Jakobsen (University of Copenhagen), M. Zamani (ESA/Webb)
#NASAMarshall #NASA #JWST #NASAWebb #NASAGoddard #galaxy
Did you carve a NASA Webb pumpkin? Send us pictures! Email us at GSFC-NASAwebb@mail.nasa.gov!
For next year, you can download 4 different carving patterns here: jwst.nasa.gov/content/features/spacePumpkin.html (There are even more NASA designs here: svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13416)
Image credit: Kyle Stanley
Larry sent in these pumpkins saying they are, "a mash-up of JWST, Star Wars, and (golden honeycomb-inspired) honeybees. There are several subtle JWST and Star Wars references in there. And one more detail you’ll appreciate that wasn’t easy to see in the [daylight photo]: the objective mirror’s upper strut is of course a bendy straw."
Did you carve a NASA Webb pumpkin? Send us pictures! Email us at GSFC-NASAwebb@mail.nasa.gov!
For next year, you can download 4 different carving patterns here: jwst.nasa.gov/content/features/spacePumpkin.html (There are even more NASA designs here: svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13416)
Image credit: Larry Baskett
Did you carve a NASA Webb pumpkin? Send us pictures! Email us at GSFC-NASAwebb@mail.nasa.gov!
For next year, you can download 4 different carving patterns here: jwst.nasa.gov/content/features/spacePumpkin.html (There are even more NASA designs here: svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13416)
Image credit: Evaggelia Nianiou and Stamatis Zachos
Larry sent in these pumpkins saying they are, "a mash-up of JWST, Star Wars, and (golden honeycomb-inspired) honeybees. There are several subtle JWST and Star Wars references in there. And one more detail you’ll appreciate: the objective mirror’s upper strut is of course a bendy straw."
Did you carve a NASA Webb pumpkin? Send us pictures! Email us at GSFC-NASAwebb@mail.nasa.gov!
For next year, you can download 4 different carving patterns here: jwst.nasa.gov/content/features/spacePumpkin.html (There are even more NASA designs here: svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13416)
Image credit: Larry Baskett
Did you carve a NASA Webb pumpkin? Send us pictures! Email us at GSFC-NASAwebb@mail.nasa.gov!
For next year, you can download 4 different carving patterns here: jwst.nasa.gov/content/features/spacePumpkin.html (There are even more NASA designs here: svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13416)
Image credit: Lauren Kelly
Did you carve a NASA Webb pumpkin? Send us pictures! Email us at GSFC-NASAwebb@mail.nasa.gov!
For next year, you can download 4 different carving patterns here: jwst.nasa.gov/content/features/spacePumpkin.html (There are even more NASA designs here: svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13416)
Image credit: Kenny Chan
The star-forming region, 30 Doradus, is one of the largest located close to the Milky Way and is found in the neighboring galaxy Large Magellanic Cloud. About 2,400 massive stars in the center of 30 Doradus, also known as the Tarantula Nebula, are producing intense radiation and powerful winds as they blow off material. Multimillion-degree gas detected in X-rays by NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory comes from shock fronts formed by these stellar winds and by supernova explosions.
Credit: X-ray: NASA/CXC/PSU/L.Townsley et al.; Infrared: NASA/JPL/PSU/L.Townsley et al.
#NASAMarshall #NASA #astrophysics #NASAChandra #NASA #JWST #NASAWebb #star #nebula
Did you carve a NASA Webb pumpkin? Send us pictures! Email us at GSFC-NASAwebb@mail.nasa.gov!
For next year, you can download 4 different carving patterns here: jwst.nasa.gov/content/features/spacePumpkin.html (There are even more NASA designs here: svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13416)
Image credit: Mokslo Sriuba
Artist conception of the James Webb Space Telescope.
Credit: NASA GSFC/CIL/Adriana Manrique Gutierrez
Image description: The Webb telescope is depicted by an artist as it might look in space. Webb has a kite-shaped sunshield and a large golden mirror made of hexagons. Three long struts that make a tripod, meet out in front of the mirror, where they support a smaller circular secondary mirror. A black nose cone is in the center of the mirror. This is where light enters the instruments, which sit behind the mirror. The mirror and top of the sunshield are shown in darkness, which is how they are in space. The mirror reflects stars. A bright galaxy lights the lower right part of the image, underneath Webb.
Did you carve a NASA Webb pumpkin? Send us pictures! Email us at GSFC-NASAwebb@mail.nasa.gov!
For next year, you can download 4 different carving patterns here: jwst.nasa.gov/content/features/spacePumpkin.html (There are even more NASA designs here: svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13416)
Image credit: Robby Swoish
This archival image of the James Webb Space Telescope's mirror, was made October 14, 2016 by lead photographer Chris Gunn. This image was captured after the successful "center of curvature" testing operations. The technician with the flashlight is George Mooney.
(Read more about this test: www.nasa.gov/feature/goddard/2016/nasa-completes-webb-tel...)
Image credit: NASA/Chris Gunn
Artist conception of the James Webb Space Telescope.
Credit: NASA GSFC/CIL/Adriana Manrique Gutierrez
In this photo, the James Webb Space Telescope has just arrived at Ellington Field, in Houston, Tx from Joint Base Andrews in Maryland. The telescope was safely ensconced in a special transporter case (called the Space Telescope Transporter for Air, Road, and Sea, or STTARS) which attaches to a truck. Webb telescope was first driven from NASA Goddard to Andrews, and then put in a C-5 cargo plane. The plane flew to Ellington, and then the telescope was transported by truck to NASA's Johnson Space Center for an end-to-end cryogenic test. Webb will undergo 100 days in a freezer (the huge test Chamber A), which mimics the extremely cold temperature at which the telescope will operate in space. Light will be passed through the telescope to ensure its optics are correctly aligned.
Credit: NASA/Chris Gunn
A self-portrait of two of our amazing photographers, reflected in a James Webb Space Telescope mirror segment, back in 2015. You may recognize Chris Gunn and Desiree Stover's names from the credits on our images. They both do a wonderful job of not only documenting the technical process of building a telescope like this, but taking beautiful shots for us to post for you. This is also a #ThrowbackThursday post!
Via Chris Gunn's Twitter: twitter.com/ChrisGunnPhoto/status/763782763841486848
Credit: Chris Gunn
NASA's James Webb Space Telescope in the clean room at Northrop Grumman, Redondo Beach, California.
Credit: NASA/Chris Gunn
These images represent a sample of galaxy clusters that are part of the largest and most complete study to learn what triggers stars to form in the universe’s biggest galaxies. Clusters of galaxies are the largest objects in the universe held together by gravity and contain huge amounts of hot gas seen in X-rays. This research, made using Chandra and other telescopes, showed that the conditions for stellar conception in these exceptionally massive galaxies have not changed over the last 10 billion years. In these images, X-rays from Chandra are shown along with optical data from Hubble.
Credit: X-ray: NASA/CXC/MIT/M. Calzadilla el al.; Optical: NASA/ESA/STScI; Image Processing: NASA/CXC/SAO/N. Wolk & J. Major
#NASAMarshall #NASA #astrophysics #NASAChandra #NASA #galaxy #NASAWebb #Hubble #NASAHubble
Did you carve a NASA Webb pumpkin? Send us pictures! Email us at GSFC-NASAwebb@mail.nasa.gov!
For next year, you can download 4 different carving patterns here: jwst.nasa.gov/content/features/spacePumpkin.html (There are even more NASA designs here: svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13416)
Image credit: Kristina Girčytė
Did you carve a NASA Webb pumpkin? Send us pictures! Email us at GSFC-NASAwebb@mail.nasa.gov!
For next year, you can download 4 different carving patterns here: jwst.nasa.gov/content/features/spacePumpkin.html (There are even more NASA designs here: svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13416)
Image credit: Toni Newell
After a 5,800-mile move, the James Webb Space Telescope has unpacked and settled into its temporary home...
The James Webb Space Telescope has safely made it inside the cleanroom at its launch site at Guiana Space Center, in French Guiana! Read more about why this location was selected for launch: jwst.nasa.gov/content/about/launch.html
After its arrival, Webb was carefully lifted from its packing container and then raised vertical. This is the same configuration Webb will be in when it is inside its launch vehicle, the Ariane 5 rocket.
Image credit: NASA/Chris Gunn
This new image fresh from the Northrop Grumman cleanroom shows #NASAWebb nearly fully packed up into the same formation it will have for launch. Only a few tests remain before the team transitions into shipment operations.
More on Webb’s recent progress can be found here: go.nasa.gov/3hX7l2q
Credit: NASA/Chris Gunn
We have some of the most beautiful B-roll footage you've ever seen! Shown here, the James Webb Space Telescope primary mirror illuminated in a dark cleanroom.
Watch b-roll: www.youtube.com/watch?v=szruVkPzHpk
Download: svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/12408
Credit: NASA Goddard Space Flight Center
These blueprints of the James Webb Space Telescope were created as a prop for a video series, but since it was requested, we are offering them as a download! (Look close and you'll notice some of the smaller text is Latin!)
Credit: NASA
In this photo, Paloma Rubio of Northrop Grumman is installing flight thermal blankets on the structure that supports the James Webb Space Telescope's secondary mirror in a clean room at Northrop Grumman, Redondo Beach, California. The strings, which are shown hanging down in this image, are called lacing cords, and they are used to tie the blankets to the struts. Why are the blankets tied on with lacing cords? Tying the blankets on allows them to be securely attached, while allowing enough room for them to shrink and move as Webb goes through the movements and temperature changes that will occur during its trip from Earth to its home in space, a million miles away. This technique also makes certain that the blankets are secure without using exposed adhesive for attaching the blankets. It’s cleaner for the telescope optics to not use a sticky adhesive nearby their pristine surfaces.
Because the blankets are tied (and also sewn on), team members working on the thermal blankets are one of the most unique groups of people working on Webb. They often have backgrounds that have included tailoring and costume making, prior to work in the aerospace industry.
Credit: NASA/Chris Gunn
The primary mirror of NASA's James Webb Space Telescope, consisting of 18 hexagonal mirrors, looks like a giant puzzle piece standing in the massive clean room of NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland. Appropriately, combined with the rest of the observatory, the mirrors will help piece together puzzles scientists have been trying to solve throughout the cosmos.
Webb's primary mirror will collect light for the observatory in the scientific quest to better understand our solar system and beyond. Using these mirrors and Webb's infrared vision scientists will peer back over 13.5 billion years to see the first stars and galaxies forming out of the darkness of the early universe. Unprecedented infrared sensitivity will help astronomers to compare the faintest, earliest galaxies to today's grand spirals and ellipticals, helping us to understand how galaxies assemble over billions of years. Webb will see behind cosmic dust clouds to see where stars and planetary systems are being born. It will also help reveal information about atmospheres of planets outside our solar system, and perhaps even find signs of the building blocks of life elsewhere in the universe.
The Webb telescope was mounted upright after a "center of curvature" test conducted at Goddard. This initial center of curvature test ensures the integrity and accuracy, and the test will be repeated later to verify those same properties after the structure undergoes launch environment testing. In the photo, two technicians stand before the giant primary mirror.
The Webb telescope is an international collaboration between NASA, the European Space Agency (ESA), and the Canadian Space Agency (CSA).
For information on the Webb's Center of Curvature test, visit: www.nasa.gov/feature/goddard/2016/nasa-completes-webb-tel...
Image Credit: NASA/Chris Gunn
Caption: Rob Gutro
The James Webb Space Telescope was lifted out of its assembly stand for the last time at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Md. In this photo, the telescope was hanging upside down as the lift crew were about to install it in the rollover fixture where it will be situated before moving on to its upcoming center of curvature test.
Image credit: NASA/Chris Gunn
After a 5,800-mile move, the James Webb Space Telescope has unpacked and settled into its temporary home...
The James Webb Space Telescope has safely made it inside the cleanroom at its launch site at Guiana Space Center, in French Guiana! Read more about why this location was selected for launch: jwst.nasa.gov/content/about/launch.html
After its arrival, Webb was carefully lifted from its packing container and then raised vertical. This is the same configuration Webb will be in when it is inside its launch vehicle, the Ariane 5 rocket.
Image credit: NASA/Chris Gunn
After a 5,800-mile move, the James Webb Space Telescope has unpacked and settled into its temporary home...
The James Webb Space Telescope has safely made it inside the cleanroom at its launch site at Guiana Space Center, in French Guiana! Read more about why this location was selected for launch: jwst.nasa.gov/content/about/launch.html
After its arrival, Webb was carefully lifted from its packing container and then raised vertical. This is the same configuration Webb will be in when it is inside its launch vehicle, the Ariane 5 rocket.
Image credit: NASA/Chris Gunn
Preparations continue for the James Webb Space Telescope's upcoming trip to NASA Johnson for testing. Here the telescope is lifted to a stand in the giant cleanroom at NASA Goddard, so it can be rotated. The mirror's two "wings" are folded back, and its secondary mirror is stowed. This is the position the mirrors will be in for launch - as well as for the trip to Johnson Space Center.
Image credit: NASA/Chris Gunn
After successful completion of its final tests, NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope is being prepped for shipment to its launch site.
Engineering teams have completed Webb’s long-spanning comprehensive testing regimen at Northrop Grumman’s facilities. Webb’s many tests and checkpoints were designed to ensure that the world’s most complex space science observatory will operate as designed once in space.
Now that observatory testing has concluded, shipment operations have begun. This includes all the necessary steps to prepare Webb for a safe journey through the Panama Canal to its launch location in Kourou, French Guiana, on the northeastern coast of South America. Since no more large-scale testing is required, Webb’s clean room technicians have shifted their focus from demonstrating it can survive the harsh conditions of launch and work in orbit, to making sure it will safely arrive at the launch pad. Webb’s contamination control technicians, transport engineers, and logistics task forces are all expertly prepared to handle the unique task of getting Webb to the launch site. Shipping preparations will be completed in September.
Read more: www.nasa.gov/feature/goddard/2021/nasa-s-james-webb-space...
Image credit: NASA/Chris Gunn
In a recent test, NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope fully deployed its primary mirror into the same configuration it will have when in space.
In order to perform the groundbreaking science expected of Webb, its primary mirror needs to be so large that it cannot fit inside any rocket available in its fully extended form. Performed in early March, this test involved commanding the spacecraft’s internal systems to fully extend and latch Webb’s iconic 6.5 meter (21 feet 4-inch) primary mirror.
“Deploying both wings of the telescope while part of the fully assembled observatory is another significant milestone showing Webb will deploy properly in space. This is a great achievement and an inspiring image for the entire team,” said Lee Feinberg, optical telescope element manager for Webb at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland.
For more about this test: go.nasa.gov/33XdiEa
Image credit: NASA/Chris Gunn
NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope requires a primary mirror so large that it would not fit inside any existing rockets as one single, large mirror. Because of this, Webb is equipped with a revolutionary set of 18 hexagonal mirror segments that are able to fold to fit inside the rocket fairing. Their honeycomb like arrangement allows for Webb to have the largest possible reflective surface area to make observations, with the least amount of dead space in between each.
The overall power and effectiveness of a telescope is primarily determined by how big a mirror it has. Just as a large bucket standing out in the rain collects more water, a larger mirror can collect more light from objects in the distant cosmos. If circular mirror segments were used, there would be substantial inactive areas at the boundaries of each segment, resulting in less total mirror area and a less capable observatory.
This efficient honeycomb pattern commonly found in beehives allows each mirror to perfectly fit together at their edges, effectively creating a singular and massively powerful unit. This arrangement also makes a roughly circular overall primary mirror shape, which is desired as it focuses light into the most compact region on the detectors, and provides the most readily analyzed images. An oval mirror, for example, would give images that are elongated in one direction.
Each gold-plated hexagon is equipped with a set of actuators, which are small devices that allow for impressively accurate fine-tuning of their position, angle, and even curvature. If adjustments need to be made, they can be precisely applied to each, without disturbing the others while in space. These actuators allow for Webb’s mirrors, instruments and optics to work perfectly in unison to create supremely accurate and powerful observations. In total, Webb’s mirror is nearly seven times the size of its scientific predecessor, the Hubble Space Telescope. With a much larger primary mirror, Webb will build upon and add to the extraordinary body of knowledge that Hubble and other space telescopes like Chandra, Spitzer, and COBE have provided the world’s scientific community.
While Webb’s spacecraft bus and sunshield undergo continued environmental testing to ensure preparedness for the rigors of a rocket launch to space, technicians and engineers recently completed another series of live mirror preparations called hexapod tests, which are designed to ensure both Webb’s hardware that control the mirrors, and software programs that guide them are functioning optimally.
The James Webb Space Telescope will be the world's premier space science observatory when it launches in 2021. Webb will solve mysteries of our solar system, look beyond to distant worlds around other stars, and probe the mysterious structures and origins of our universe and our place in it. Webb is an international project led by NASA with its partners, the ESA (European Space Agency) and the Canadian Space Agency.
For more information about the Webb, visit: www.NASA.gov/webb
For more information on Webb’s mirrors: jwst.nasa.gov/mirrors.html
Caption Credit: Thaddeus Cesari
Image Credit: NASA/Chris Gunn
This image is from July 2020.
NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope was successfully folded and stowed into the same configuration it will have when loaded onto an Ariane 5 rocket for launch next year.
Webb is NASA’s largest and most complex space science telescope ever built. Too big for any rocket available in its fully expanded form, the entire observatory was designed to fold in on itself to achieve a much smaller configuration. Once in space, the observatory will unfold and stretch itself out in a carefully practiced series of steps before beginning to make groundbreaking observations of the cosmos.
“The James Webb Space Telescope achieved another significant milestone with the entire observatory in its launch configuration for the first time, in preparation for environmental testing,” said Bill Ochs, Webb project manager for NASA Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland. “I am very proud of the entire Northrop Grumman and NASA integration and test team. This accomplishment demonstrates the outstanding dedication and diligence of the team in such trying times due to COVID-19.”
Read more: www.nasa.gov/feature/goddard/2020/first-look-nasa-s-james...
Image credit: NASA/Chris Gunn
Deputy Project Scientist (technical) Paul Geithner stands in front of the James Webb Space Telescope primary mirror in the cleanroom at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center. This is a legacy photo, taken back when the mirrors were still at Goddard.
Image credit: NASA/Chris Gunn