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Kaname Madoka, CN: Punipun
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Ashdown Park Hotel, near East Grinstead, Sussex, occupies the 1860s Victorian gothic mansion and chapel of the former convent of the Order of Notre Dame. The nunnery here closed in the 1980s and the site was briefly used as a training centre by Barclay's Bank before becoming the present luxurious hotel.
The large former chapel has been converted into an elegant dining area, with a floor inserted to create a lower level. The beautiful vaulted apse remains uncluttered as the visual climax of the building with it's superb set of windows by the renowned Irish master Harry Clarke. The new floor level means that the gorgeous windows are much more accessible than they were originally.
This set of windows is Harry Clarke's most significant work in Britain and is truly some of the most beautiful stained glass anywhere. Dating from the 1920s, Clarke's wonderful glass fills the fourteen lancets (arranged as seven pairs) of the former apse with glittering scenes from the life of Mary. The colours are simply astonishing and virtually impossible to do justice to in photos. Clarke's charactersitic elongated figures are portrayed with all his usual richness, using much acid etching and plating to create different layers of colour, which combined with the heavy painting creates a shimmering, jewel-like effect.
There is a further Harry Clarke window at the west end of the former chapel, a superb three light depiction of the Assumption (beneath the tower).
Otherwise the chapel contains further late Victorian windows and some striking abstract glazing by John Hayward (mosaic like arrangements made using bits of dismantled Victorian windows, a controversial approach he also used at Blackburn Cathedral).
To see these fantastic windows it will be necessary to make an appointment with the hotel, and as the room is popular for functions a visit will have to be timed accordingly (ours was rather rushed, owing to an imminent wedding reception!).
It is also essential to use a tripod, which alas I lacked, as these are some of the darkest, richest, most camera unfriendly windows a photographer is ever likely to meet. Capturing the true beauty of this glass is nearly impossible, these photos are but an impression.
me as Kougyouku Ren from Magi.
photo by Midgard (facebook.com/MidgardPhotographyCosplay)
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Sharing just with FULL credit of cosplayer's and photographer's name and website link !!!!
Brockdish is one of three parish churches within about a mile that can be seen from the A143, but only the top of the tower is visible when heading north, and only fleetingly. THe only other clue is the truncated Church Lane which cuts across the main road, the name of which indicates the nearby church.
I came here at about eleven in the morning, having visited Oulton in Suffolk earlier, and wasn't expecting to find it open to be honest. But I heard the bells being rung, or at least pealing in intermittent intervals, the reason being some people were being given lessons.
Three cars were parked in the lane beside the church, which you reach by traveling up a green lane north out of the village before taking the track to the church.
The door to the tower, where the bellringers were being taught was ajar, and I could have gone up, but instead I go to the porch to try the door, and finding it open, I go inside lest someone comes and closes it.
Soon I am joined inside by the warden who is surprised, but pleased, to find a visitor: she is there to make teas for the ringers, and would I like one?
My breath had already been taken away by the tiles in the chancel, which are of exceptional quality. Tiles are something easily overlooked, and indeed many were clearly bought from catalogues, and so many are similar, but when more attention to detail was given, when extra quality was installed, it shines through.
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When I first visited this church in 2005, it was with something of a sinking heart to arrive at the third church in a row that was locked without a keyholder notice. Today, nothing could be further from the truth. In the south porch there is a large notice now which reads Come in and enjoy your church! Fabulous stuff.
The trim graveyard includes some substantial memorials to the Kay family, including one massive structure with an angel under a spire which would not look out of place opposite the Royal Albert Hall. No expense was spared by the Victorians here at Brockdish. The rebuilding was paid for by the Rector, George France, who also advised architect Frederick Marable on exactly what form this vision of the medieval should take. The tower above is curiously un-East Anglian, looking rather unusual surrounded by Norfolk fields. All around the building headstops are splendid, and fine details like faux-consecration crosses on the porch show that France was generally a man who knew what a medieval church should look like.
It will not surprise you to learn that St Peter and St Paul is similarly grand on the inside, if a touch severe. France actually devised a church much more Anglo-catholic than we find it today; it was toned down by the militantly low church Kay family later in the century. They took down the rood and replaced it with a simple cross, painting out the figures on the rood screen as well. When I first visited, the very helpful churchwarden who'd opened up for me observed that Brockdish is the only church in Norfolk that has stained glass in every window, which isn't strictly true (Harleston, three miles away, has as well) but we can be thankful that, thanks to the Reverend France's fortunes, it is of a very good quality. The glass seems to have been an ongoing project, because some of it dates from the 1920s. In keeping with low church tradition, the glass depicts mainly Biblical scenes and sayings of Christ rather than Saints, apart from the church's two patron Saints in the east window of the chancel. There are also some roundels in the east window of the south aisle, which appear to be of continental glass. They depict the Adoration of the Magi, the deposition of Christ, what appears to be Paharoah's daughter with the infant Moses, and the heads of St Matthias, St John the Evangelist, and Christ with a Crown of Thorns. However, I suspect that at least some of them are the work of the King workshop of Norwich, and that only the Deposition and the Old Testament scene are genuinely old.
If this is rather a gloomy church on a dark day, it is because of the glass in the south clerestory, a surprisingly un-medieval detail - the whole point of a clerestory was to let light reach the rood. The glass here is partly heraldic, partly symbolic. The stalls in the chancel are another faux-medieval detail - there was never a college of Priests here - but they looked suspiciously as if they might contain old bench ends within the woodwork. Not all is false, because the chancel also contains an unusual survival from the earlier church, a tombchest which may have been intended as an Easter Sepulchre.
Above all, the atmosphere is at once homely and devotional, not least because of the exceptional quality of the tiled sanctuary, an increasingly rare beast because they were so often removed in the 1960s and 1970s, when Victorian interiors were unfashionable. Brockdish's is spectacular, a splendid example that has caught the attention of 19th century tile enthusiasts and experts nationally.
Also tiled is the area beneath the tower, which France had reordered as a baptistery. The font has recently been moved back into the body of the church; presumably, whoever supplies the church's liability insurance had doubts about godparents standing with their backs to the steps down into the nave.
I liked Brockdish church a lot; I don't suppose it gets a lot of visitors, but it is a fine example of what the Victorians did right.
Simon Knott, June 2005, revisited and updated July 2010
www.norfolkchurches.co.uk/brockdish/brockdish.htm
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Is the next adjoining town eastward, through which the great road passes to Yarmouth; on the left hand of which, stands the church, on a hill by itself, there being no house near it but the parsonage, which joins to the east side of the churchyard. The advowson always belonged to the Earl's manor here, with which it now continues.
In Norwich Domesday we read, that the rector had a house and 30 acres of land, that it was then valued at 15 marks, and paid as it now doth for synodals 1s. 9d. procurations 6s. 8d. and 12d. Peter-pence. It stands in the King's Books thus:
10l. Brokedish rectory. 1l. yearly tenths.
And consequently pays first-fruits, and is incapable of augmentation. The church stands included in the glebe, which is much the same in quantity as it was when the aforesaid survey was taken. It is in Norfolk archdeaconry, Redenhall deanery, and Duke of Norfolk's liberty, though he hath no lete, warren, paramountship, or superiour jurisdiction at all in this town, the whole being sold by the family along with the manors of the town.
In 1603, there were 103 communicants here, and now there are 50 families, and about 300 inhabitants; it was laid to the ancient tenths at 4l. but had a constant deduction of 14s. on account of lands belonging to the religious, so that the certain payment to each tenth, was 3l. 6s.
The Prior of St. Faith at Horsham owned lands here, which were taxed at 2s. 6d. in 1428.
The Prior of Thetford monks had lands here of the gift of Richard de Cadomo or Caam, (fn. 1) who gave them his land in Brokedis, and a wood sufficient to maintain 20 swine, in the time of King Henry I. when William Bigot, sewer to that King, gave to this priory all the land of Sileham, which from those monks is now called Monks-hall manor, and the water-mill there; all which Herbert Bishop of Norwich conveyed to his father, in exchange for other lands, he being to hold it in as ample a manner as ever Herbert the chaplain did; and in Ric. the Second's time, the monks bought a piece of marsh ground in Brokedis, to make a way to their mill, which being not contained in the grant of Monks-hall manor from Hen. VIII. to the Duke of Norfolk, William Grice, Esq. and Charles Newcomen, who had a grant of such lands as they could find concealed from the Crown, seized on this as such; and upon their so doing, the owner of the mill was obliged to purchase it of them, by the name of Thetford-Mill-Way, and it hath ever since belonged to, and is constantly repaired by the owner thereof.
Rectors of Brockidish.
12 - - Robert
12 - - Sir Ralf de Creping, rector.
1313, Sir Stephen Bygod. The King, for this turn.
1324, Nic. le Mareschal. Tho. Earl of Norfolk and Marshal.
1326, Mathew Paumer, or Palmer. Ditto. He changed for Canefield-Parva in London diocese with
Master Robert de Hales. Ditto.
1333, John de Melburn. Ditto.
1355, Roger de Wombwell. Lady Eleanor and Thomas de Wingfield, attorneys to Sir John Wingfield, Knt.
1356, John Knyght of Exeter. Mary Countess-Marshal, widow of Tho. de Brotherton, who recovered the advowson by the King's writ, against Sir J. Wingfield, Knt. and Thomas his brother, William de Lampet and Alice his wife, and Catherine her sister, and so Wombwell was ejected.
1357, John de Esterford. Mary Countess-Marshal. He resigned in
1367, to John son of Catherine de Frenge, and he in
1368, to John Syward. Sir Walter Lord Manney.
1382, John de Balsham, who changed for Stowe St. Michael in Exeter diocese, with
Bartholomew Porter. Margaret Marshal, Countess of Norfolk.
1405, Sir John Dalyngho of Redcnhall. Eliz. Dutchess of Norf. in right of her dower.
1417, he exchanged with Thomes Barry, priest, for the vicarage of Berkyng church in London. John Lancaster, Ric. Sterisacre, and Rob. Southwell, attorneys to John Duke of Norfolk, EarlMarshal and Notyngham, who was beyond the seas. Barry resigned in
1422, to Sir Thomas Briggs, priest, who died rector. Ditto.
1454, Sir Hen. White, priest. John Duke of Norf. Earl-Marshal and Notingham, Marshal of England, Lord Mowbray, Segrave, and Gower. He resigned in
1455, to Sir Thomas Holm, priest. Ditto. And he in
1478, to John Nun. The King, as guardian to Richard Duke of York and Norfolk, and Lady Ann his wife, daughter and heir of John late Duke of Norfolk.
1491, John Mene; he had a union to hold another benefice.
1497, John Rogers, A. M. Eliz. Dutchess of Norfolk. He resigned in
1498, to Sir John Fisk, priest, chaplain to the Dutchess. Ditto. At whose death in
1511, Sir Robert Gyrlyng, chaplain to Thomas Earl of Surrey, had it of that Earl's gift: he was succeeded by
Sir William Flatberry, chaplain to Thomas Duke of Norfolk, who presented him; he resigned in
1540, to Sir Nic. Stanton, chaplain to his patron, Tho. Duke of Norf. Lord Treasurer and Earl-Marshal, and was succeeded by
William Hide, priest. Ditto. He resigned, and the Duke presented it in
1561, to Sir John Inman, priest, who was buried here Aug. 1, 1586.
1586, Aug. 4, Master Richard Gibson was instituted, who was buried Oct. 1, 1625; he was presented by Robert Nichols of Cambridge, by purchase of the turn from William le Grice, Gent. and Hester le Grice, wife of Charles le Grice, Gent. true patrons.
1625, William Owles, who held it united to Billingford. John Knapp of Brockdish, by grant of this turn. He was succeeded in
1645, by Brian Witherel, and he by
Mr. James Aldrich, who died rector Nov. 10, 1657, from which time somebody held it without institution, till the Restoration, and then receded, for in
1663, May 14, Sir Augustine Palgrave, patron of this turn, in right of Catherine his wife, presented George Fish, on the cession of the last incumbent; he was buried here Oct. 29, 1686.
1686, Thomas Palgrave, A.M. buried here March 24, 1724. Fran. Laurence, Gent.
1724, Abel Hodges, A.B. he held it united to Tharston, and died in 1729. Richard Meen, apothecary, for this turn.
1729, Richard Clark, LL. B. was instituted Dec. 3, and died about six weeks after. Mrs. Ellen Laurence of Castleacre, widow.
1730, Alan Fisher. Ditto. He resigned in
1738, and was succeeded by Robert Laurence, A. B. of Caius college, who lies buried at the south-east corner of the chancel, and was succeeded in
1739, by Francis Blomefield, clerk, the present rector, who holds it united to Fresfield rectory, being presented by Mrs. Ellen Laurence aforesaid.
The church is dedicated to the honour of the apostles St. Peter and Paul, and hath a square tower about 16 yards high, part of which was rebuilt with brick in 1714; there are five bells; the third, which is said to have been brought from Pulham in exchange, hath this on it;
Sancta Maria ora pro nobis.
and on the fourth is this,
Uirgo Coronata duc nos ad Regna beata.
The nave, chancel, and south isle are leaded, the south porch tiled, and the north porch is ruinated. The roof of this chancel is remarkable for its principals, which are whole trees without any joint, from side to side, and bent in such a rising manner, as to be agreeable to the roof. The chancel is 30 feet long and 20 broad, the nave is 54 feet long and 32 broad, and the south isle is of the same length, and 10 feet broad.
At the west end of the nave is a black marble thus inscribed,
Here lyeth buried the Body of Richard Wythe Gent. who departed this Life the 6 of Sept. 1671, who lived 64 Years and 4 Months and 9 Days.
This family have resided here till lately, ever since Edw. the Third's time, and had a considerable estate here, and the adjacent villages. See their arms, vol. iv. p. 135.
Another marble near the desk hath this,
Near this Place lays Elizabeth Wife of John Moulton Gent. who died Oct. 31, 1716, aged 32 Years. And here lieth Mary the late Wife of John Moulton, who died March 20, 1717, aged 27 Years. And also here lyeth the Body of John Moulton Gent. who died June 12, 1718, aged 38 Years.
Moulton's arms and crest as at vol. iv. p. 501.
In a north window are the arms of De la Pole quartering Wingfield.
In 1465, Jeffry Wurliche of Brockdish was buried here, and in 1469 John Wurliche was interred in the nave, and left a legacy to pave the bottom of the steeple. In 1518, Henry Bokenham of Brockdish was buried in the church, as were many of the Spaldings, (fn. 2) Withes, Howards, Grices, Tendrings, and Laurences; who were all considerable owners and families of distinction in this town.
The chapel at the east end of the south isle was made by Sir Ralf Tendring of Brockdish, Knt. whose arms remain in its east window at this day, once with, and once without, a crescent az. on the fess, viz. az. a fess between two chevrons arg.
His altar monument stands against the east wall, north and south, and hath a sort of cupola over it, with a holy-water stope by it, and a pedestal for the image of the saint to which it was dedicated, to stand on, so that it served both for a tomb and an altar; the brass plates of arms and circumscription are lost.
On the north side, between the chapel and nave, stands another altar tomb, covered with a most curious marble disrobed of many brass plates of arms and its circumscription, as are several other stones in the nave, isle, and chancel. This is the tomb of John Tendring of Brockdish-hall, Esq. who lived there in 1403, and died in 1436, leaving five daughters his heirs, so that he was the last male of this branch of the Tendrings. Cecily his wife is buried by him.
On the east chancel wall, on the south side of the altar, is a white marble monument with this,
Obdormit hìc in Domino, lætam in Christo expectans Resurrectionem, Robertus, Roberti Laurence, ac Annæ Uxoris ejus, Filius, hujusce Ecclesiæ de Brockdish in Comitatû Norfolciensi Rector, ejusdem Villæ Dominus, ac Ecclesiæ Patronus, jure hereditario (si vixîsset) Futurus; Sed ah! Fato nimium immaturo abreptus; Cœlestia per Salvatoris merita sperans, Terrestria omnia, Juvenis reliquit. Dec. 31°. Anno æræ Christianæ mdccxxxixo. Ætatis xxvo. Maria, unica Soror et Hæres, Roberti Frankling Generosi Uxor, Fraterni Amoris hoc Testimonium animo grato, Memoriæ Sacrum posuit.
1. Laurence, arg. a cross raguled gul. on a chief gul. a lion passant guardant or.
2. Aslack, sab. a chevron erm. between three catherine-wheels arg.
3. Lany, arg. on a bend between two de-lises gul. a mullet of the field for difference.
4. Cooke, or, on a chevron ingrailed gul. a crescent of the field for difference, between three cinquefoils az. on a chief of the second, a lion passant guardant of the first.
5. Bohun, gul. a crescent erm. in an orle of martlets or.
6. Bardolf, az. three cinquefoils or.
7. Ramsey, gul. a chevron between three rams heads caboshed arg.
8. as 1.
Crest, a griffin seiant proper.
Motto, Floreat ut Laurus.
On a flat stone under this monument, is a brass plate thus inscribed,
Sacrum hoc Memoriæ Roberti Laurence Armigeri, qui obijt xxviijo die Julij 1637, Elizabeth Uxor ejus, Filia Aslak Lany Armigeri posuit.
Arms on a brass plate are,
Lawrence impaling Lany and his quarterings, viz. 1, Lany. 2, Aslack. 3, Cooke. 4, Bohun. 5, nine de-lises, 3, 3, and 3. 6, Bardolf. 7, Charles. 8, on a chevron three de-lises. 9, Ramsey. 10, Tendring. 11, on a fess two coronets. 12, Wachesam, arg. a fess, in chief two crescents gul. 13, a lion rampant. 14, Lany.
There is a picture of this Robert drawn in 1629, æt. 36. He built the hall in 1634; it stands near half a mile north-east of the church, and was placed near the old site of Brockdishe's-hall; the seat of the Tendrings, whose arms, taken out of the old hall when this was built, were fixed in the windows. The arms of this man and his wife, and several of their quarterings, are carved on the wainscot in the rooms.
On the south side of the churchyard is an altar tomb covered with a black marble, with the crest and arms of
Sayer, or Sawyer, gul. a chief erm. and a chevron between three seamews proper.
Crest, a hand holding a dragon's head erased proper.
To the Memory of Frances late the wife of Richard Tubby Esq. who departed this Life Dec. 22, 1728, in the 60th Year of her Age.
And adjoining is another altar tomb,
In Memory of Richard Tubby Esq. (fn. 3) who died Dec. 10th. 1741, in the 80th Year of his Age.
There are two other altar tombs in the churchyard, one for Mr. Rich. Chatton, and another for Eliz. daughter of Robert and Eliz. Harper, who died in 1719, aged 8 years.
The town takes its name from its situation on the Waveney or Wagheneye, which divides this county from that of Suffolk; the channel of which is now deep and broad, though nothing to what it was at that time, as is evident from the names of places upon this river, as the opposite vill, now called Sileham, (oftentimes wrote Sayl-holm, even to Edw. the Third's time) shows; for I make no doubt, but it was then navigable for large boats and barges to sail up hither, and continued so, till the sea by retiring at Yarmouth, and its course being stopt near Lowestoft, had not that influence on the river so far up, as it had before; which occasioned the water to retire, and leave much land dry on either side of the channel; though it is so good a stream, that it might with ease, even now, be made navigable hither; and it would be a good work, and very advantageous to all the adjacent country. That [Brod-dic] signifies no more than the broad-ditch, is very plain, and that the termination of ò, eau, or water, added to it, makes it the broad ditch of water, is as evident.
Before the Confessor's time, this town was in two parts; Bishop Stigand owned one, and the Abbot of Bury the other; the former afterwards was called the Earl's Manor, from the Earls of Norfolk; and the other Brockdishe's-hall, from its ancient lords, who were sirnamed from the town.
The superiour jurisdiction, lete, and all royalties, belonged to the Earl's manor, which was always held of the hundred of Earsham, except that part of it which belonged to Bury abbey, and that belonged to the lords of Brockdishe's-hall; but when the Earl's manor was sold by the Duke of Norfolk, with all royalties of gaming, fishing, &c. together with the letes, view of frankpledge, &c. free and exempt from his hundred of Earsham, and the two manors became joined as they now are, the whole centered in the lord of the town, who hath now the sole jurisdiction with the lete, belonging to it; and the whole parish being freehold, on every death or alienation, the new tenant pays a relief of a year's freehold rent, added to the current year: The annual free-rent, without such reliefs, amounting to above 3l. per annum. At the Conqueror's survey the town was seven furlongs long, and five furlongs and four perches broad, and paid 6d. to the geld or tax. At the Confessor's survey, there were 28 freemen here, six of which held half a carucate of land of Bishop Stigand, and the others held 143 acres under the Abbot of Bury, and the Abbot held the whole of Stigand, without whose consent the freemen could neither give away, nor sell their land, but were obliged to pay him 40s. a year free-rent; (fn. 4) and if they omitted paying at the year's end, they forfeited their lands, or paid their rent double; but in the Conqueror's time they paid 16l. per annum by tale. There were two socmen with a carucate of land, two villeins and two bordars here, which were given to Bury abbey along with the adjacent manor of Thorp-Abbots, but were after severed from that manor, and infeoffed by the Abbot of Bury in the lord of Brockdishe's-hall manor, with which it passed ever after. (fn. 5)
Brockdish-Earl's Manor, or Brockdish Comitis.
This manor always attended the manor of Forncet after it was granted from the Crown to the Bygods, along with the half hundred of Earsham, for which reason I shall refer you to my account of that manor at p. 223, 4. It was mostly part of the dower of the ladies of the several noble families that it passed through, and the living was generally given to their domestick chaplains. In 3 Edward I. the Abbot of Bury tried an action with Roger Bigod, then lord and patron, for the patronage; (fn. 6) pleading that a part of the town belonged to his house, and though they had infeoffed their manor here in the family of the Brockdishes, yet the right in the advowson remained in him; but it appearing that the advowson never belonged to the Abbot's manor, before the feofment was made, but that it wholly was appendant ever since the Confessor's time, to the Earl's manor, the Abbot was cast: notwithstanding which in 1335, Sir John Wingfield, Knt. and Thomas his brother, William de Lampet and Alice his wife, and Catherine her sister, owners of Brockdishe's manor, revived the claim to the advowson; and Thomas de Wingfield, and lady Eleanor wife of Sir John Wingfield, presented here, and put up their arms in the church windows, as patrons, which still remain; but Mary Countess Marshal, who then held this manor in dower, brought her quare impedit, and ejected their clerk; since which time, it constantly attended this manor, being always appendant thereto. In 15 Edw. I. Roger Bigot, then lord, had free-warren in all this town, as belonging to this manor, having not only all the royalties of the town, but also the assise of bread and ale, and amerciaments of all the tenants of his own manor, and of the tenants of Reginald de Brockdish, who were all obliged to do suit once a year at the Earl's view of frankpledge and lete in Brockdish; and it continued in the Norfolk family till 1570, and then Thomas Howard Duke of Norfolk, obtained license from Queen Elizabeth to sell it; it being held in capite or in chief of the Crown, as part of the barony and honour of the said Duke, who accordingly sold the manor, advowson, free-fishery, and all the place or manor-house, and demean lands; together with the lete, view of frankpledge, liberty of free warren, and all other royalties whatsoever, free and exempt from any jurisdiction or payment to his half hundred of Earsham, to
Charles le Grice, Esq. of Brockdish, and his heirs, who was descended from Sir Rorert le Grys of Langley in Norfolk, Knt. equerry to Ric. I. and Oliva his wife, whose son, Sir Simon le Grys, Knt. of Thurveton, was alive in 1238, and married Agnes daughter and coheir to Augustine son of Richard de Waxtenesham or Waxham, of Waxham in Norfolk, by whom he had Roger le Grys of Thurton, Esq. who lived in the time of Edward I. whose son Thomas le Grice of Thurton, had Roger le Grice of Brockdish, who lived here in 1392; whose son Thomas left John le Grice his eldest son and heir, who married a Bateman, and lies buried in St. John Baptist's church in Norwich; (see vol. iv. p. 127;) but having no male issue, William le Grice of Brockdish, Esq. son of Robert le Grice of Brockdish, his uncle, inherited; he married Sibill, daughter and sole heir of Edmund Singleton of Wingfield in Suffolk, and had
Anthony le Grice of Brockdish, Esq. (fn. 7) who married Margaret, daughter of John Wingfield, Esq. of Dunham, who lived in the place, and died there in 1553, and lies buried in the church, by whom his wife also was interred in 1562. His brother Gilbert Grice of Yarmouth, Gent. (fn. 8) first agreed with the Duke for Brockdish, but died before it was completed; so that Anthony, who was bound with him for performance of the covenants, went on with the purchase for his son,
Charles le Grice aforesaid, (fn. 9) to whom it was conveyed: he married two wives; the first was Susan, daughter and heir of Andrew Manfield, Gent. and Jane his wife, who was buried here in 1564; the second was Hester, daughter of Sir George Blagge, Knt. who held the manor for life; and from these two wives descended the numerous branches of the Grices of Brockdish, Norwich, Wakefield in Yorkshire, &c. He was buried in this church April 12, 1575, and was found to hold his manor of the hundred of Earsham, in free soccage, without any rent or service, and not in capite; and Brockdishe's-hall manor of the King, as of his barony of Bury St. Edmund in Suffolk, which lately belonged to the abbey there, in free soccage, without any rent or service, and not in capite, and
William le Grice, Esq. was his eldest son and heir, who at the death of his mother-in-law, was possessed of the whole estate; for in 1585, William Howard, then lord of Brockdishe's-hall manor, agreed and sold it to this William, and Henry le Grice his brother, and their heirs; but Howard dying the next year, the purchase was not completed till 1598, when Edw. Coppledick, Gent. and other trustees, brought a writ of entry against John son of the said William Howard, Gent. and had it settled absolutely in the Grices, from which time the two manors have continued joined as they are at this day; by Alice, daughter and heiress of Mr. Eyre of Yarmouth; he left
Francis le Grice, Esq. his son and heir, who sold the whole estate, manors, and advowson, to
Robert Laurence of Brockdish, Esq. (fn. 10) who married Elizabeth, daughter of Richard, son of Edmund Anguish of Great-Melton, by whom he had
Robert Laurence, Esq. his son and heir, who married Elizabeth, daughter of Aslack Lany, who survived him, and remarried in 1640, to Richard Smith, Gent. by whom she had one child, Eliz. buried here in 1641: he died July 24, 1637, and lies buried by the altar as aforesaid: he built the present hall, and had divers children, as Aslak Laurence, Robert, born in 1633, buried in 1635, Samuel Laurence, born in 1635, Ellen, born in 1635, Elizabeth, who married William Reynolds of Great-Massingham, Gent. and
Francis Laurence of Brockdish, Esq. his eldest son and heir, who married Ellen, daughter of Thomas Patrick of Castle-acre, Gent. widow of Mathew Halcote of Litcham, Gent. who survived him, and held Brockdish in jointure to her death, which happened Jan. 6, 1741, when she was buried in the nave of Litcham church: they had Frances, and Elizabeth, who died infants; Mary, who died single about 1736, and was buried in the vestry belonging to Castleacre church; Jane, married to Mr. Thomas Shin of Great Dunham, by whom a Thomas, a son, &c. she being dead; Ellen, now widow of Thomas Young of Oxboro, Gent. who died Oct. 1743, leaving issue, the Rev. Mr. Thomas-Patrick Young of Caius college in Cambridge, Benjamin and Mary, and
Samuel Lawrence, Gent. their second son, is now alive and single; and
Robert Lawrence, Esq. their eldest son and heir, is long since dead, but by Anne daughter of John Meriton, late rector of Oxburgh, his wife, he left one son,
Robert Laurence, late rector of Brockdish, who died single, and
Mrs. Mary Laurence, his only sister, who is now living, and married to Robert Frankling, Gent. of Lynn in Norfolk, is the present lord in her right, but they have no issue.
Brockdishe's-Hall Manor,
Belonged to Bury abbey as aforesaid, till the time of Henry I. and then the Abbot infeoffed
Sir Stephen de Brockdish in it, from whom it took its present name; he was to hold it at the 4th part of a knight's fee of that abbey: it contained a capital messuage or manor-house, called now Brockdishe's-hall; 105 acres of land in demean, 12 acres of wood, 8 of meadow, and 4l. 13s. 10d. rents of assise; he left it to
Jeffery de Brockdish his son, and he to
William, his son and heir, who in 1267, by the name of William de Hallehe de Brokedis, or Will. of Brockdish-hall, was found to owe suit and service once in a year with all his tenants, to the lete of the Earl of Norfolk, held here. He left this manor, and the greatest part of his estate in Norwich-Carleton (which he had with Alice Curson his wife) to
Thomas, his son and heir, and the rest of it to Nigel de Brockdish, his younger son; (see p. 102;) Thomas left it to
Reginald, his eldest son and heir, and he to
Sir Stephen de Brockdish, Knt. his son and heir, who was capital bailiff of all the Earl of Norfolk's manors in this county; he was lord about 1329, being succeeded by his son,
Stephen, who by Mary Wingfield his wife, had
Reginald de Brockdish, his son and heir, (fn. 11) to whom he gave Brockdish-hall manor in Burston, (see vol. i. p. 127, vol. ii. p. 506,) but he dying before his father, was never lord here; his two daughters and heiresses inheriting at his father's death, viz.
Alice, married to William de Lampet about 1355, and Catherine some time after, to William son of John de Herdeshull, lord of North Kellesey and Saleby in Lincolnshire, who inherited each a moiety, according to the settlement made by their grandfather, who infeoffed Sir John de Wingfield, Knt. and Eleanor his wife, and Thomas his brother, in trust for them; (fn. 12) soon after, one moiety was settled on Robert Mortimer and Catherine his wife, by John Hemenhale, clerk, and John de Lantony, their trustees; and not long after the whole was united, and belonged to
Sir William Tendring of Stokeneyland, Knt. and Margaret his wife, daughter and coheir of Sir Will. Kerdeston of Claxton in Norfolk, Knt. who were succeeded by their son and heir
Sir John Tendring of Stokeneyland, Knt. who jointly with Agnes his wife, settled it on
Sir Ralf Tendring of Brockdish, Knt. one of their younger sons, who built the old hall (which was pulled down by Robert Lawrence, Esq. when he erected the present house) and the south isle chapel, in which he and Alice his wife are interred; his son,
John Tendring of Brockdish, Esq. who was lord here and of Westhall in Colney, (see p. 5,) and was buried in the said chapel, with Cecily his wife, died in 1436, and left five daughrers, coheiresses, viz.
Cecily, married to Robert Ashfield of Stowlangetot in Suffolk, Esq.
Elizabeth, to Simeon Fincham of Fincham in Norfolk, Esq.
Alice, to Robert Morton.
Joan, to Henry Hall of Helwinton.
Anne, to John Braham of Colney.
Who joined and levied a fine and sold it to
Thomas Fastolff, Esq. and his heirs; and the year following, they conveyed all their lands, &c. in Wigenhall, Tilney, and Islington, to
Sir John Howard, Knt. and his heirs; and vested them in his trustees, who, the year following, purchased the manor of Fastolff to himself and heirs; this Sir John left Brockdish to a younger son,
Robert Howard, Esq. who settled here, and by Isabel his wife had
William Howard of Brockdish, Esq. who was lord in 1469; he had two wives, Alice and Margaret, from whom came a very numerous issue, but
Robert, his son and heir, had this manor, who by Joan his wife had
William Howard, his eldest son and heir, who died in 1566, seized of many lands in Cratfield, Huntingfield, Ubbeston, and Bradfield in Suffolk; and of many lands and tenements here, and in Sileham, &c. having sold this manor the year before his death, to the Grices as aforesaid; but upon the sale, he reserved, all other his estate in Brockdish, in which he dwelt, called Howard's Place, situate on the south side of the entrance of Brockdish-street; which house and farm went to
John Howard, his son and heir, the issue of whose three daughters, Grace, Margaret, and Elizabeth, failing, it reverted to
Mathew, son of William Howard, second brother to the said John Howard their father, whose second son,
Mathew Howard, afterwards owned it; and in 1711, it was owned by a Mathew Howard, and now by
Mr. Bucknall Howard of London, his kinsman (as I am informed.)
The site and demeans of the Earl's manor, now called the place, was sold from the manor by the Grices some time since, and after belonged to Sir Isaac Pennington, alderman of London, (see vol. i. p. 159,) and one of those who sat in judgment on the royal martyr, for which his estate was forfeited at the Restoration, and was given by Car. II. to the Duke of Grafton; and his Grace the present Duke of Grafton, now owns it.
the benefactions to this parish are,
One close called Algorshegge, containing three acres, (fn. 13) and a grove and dove-house formerly built thereon containing about one acre, at the east end thereof; the whole abutting on the King's highway north, and the glebe of Brockdish rectory west: and one tenement abutting on Brockdish-street south, called Seriches, (fn. 14) with a yard on the north side thereof, were given by John Bakon the younger, of Brockdish, son of John Bakon the elder, of Thorp-Abbots; the clear profits to go yearly to pay the tenths and fifteenths for the parish of Brockdish when laid, and when they are not laid, to repair and adorn the parish church there for ever: his will is proved in 1433. There are always to be 12 feoffees, of such as dwell, or are owners in the parish, and when the majority of them are dead, the survivors are to fill up the vacancies.
In 1590, 1 Jan. John Howard, Gent. John Wythe, Gent. William Crickmere and Daniel Spalding, yeomen, officers of Brockdish, with a legacy left to their parish in 1572, by John Sherwood, late of Brokdish, deceased, purchased of John Thruston of Hoxne, Gent. John Thruston his nephew, Thomas Barker, and the inhabitants of Hoxne in Suffolk, one annuity or clear yearly rent-charge of 6s. 8d. issuing out of six acres of land and pasture in Hoxne, in a close called Calston's-close, one head abutting on a way leading from Heckfield-Green to Moles-Cross, towards the east; to the only use and behoof of the poor of Brockdish, to be paid on the first of November in Hoxne church-porch, between 12 and 4 in the afternoon of the same day, with power to distrain and enter immediately for non-payment; the said six acres are warranted to be freehold, and clear of all incumbrances, except another rentcharge of 13s. 4d. granted to Hoxne poor, to be paid at the same day and place
In 1592, John Howard of Brockdish sold to the inhabitants there, a cottage called Laune's, lying between the glebes on all parts; this hath been dilapidated many years, but the site still belongs to the parish.
From the old Town Book.
1553, 1st Queen Mary, paid for a book called a manuel 2s. 6d.; for two days making the altar and the holy-water stope, and for a lock for the font. 1554, paid for the rood 9d. 1555, paid for painting the rood-loft 14d. At the visitation of my Lord Legate 16d. To the organs maker 4d. and for the chalice 26s. 1557, paid for carriage of the Bible to Bocnam 12d. for deliverance of the small books at Harlstone 15d.; the English Bibles and all religious Protestant tracts usually at this time left in the churches for the information and instruction of the common people, being now called in by the Papist Queen. Paid for two images making 5s.; for painting them 16d. for irons for them 8d. But in 1558, as soon as Queen Elizabeth ascended the throne, all these Popish, images, &c. were removed out of the church. Paid for sinking the altar 4d.; carrying out the altar 5d.; mending the communion table 3d.; 1561, paid for the X. Commandments 18d.; for pulling down the rood-loft 14d.; paid Roger Colby repairing the crosse in the street 26s. 8d.; for a lock to the crosse-house, &c.; 1565, for digging the ground and levelling the low altar, (viz. in the south chapel,) and mending the pavement. For makyng the communion cup at Harlston 5s. 4d. besides 6s. 2d. worth of silver more than the old chalice weyed. 1569, paid to Belward the Dean for certifying there is no cover to the cup, 8d. 1657, layd out 19s. 4d. for the relief of Attleburgh, visited with the plague. Laid out 17s. for the repair of the Brockdish part of Sileham bridge, leading over the river to Sileham church. This bridge is now down, through the negligence of both the parishes, though it was of equal service to both, and half of it repaired by each of them. In 1618, the church was wholly new paved and repaired; and in 1619, the pulpit and desk new made, new books, pulpit-cloth, altar-cloth, &c. bought.
From the Register:
1593, Daniel son of Robert Pennington, Gent. bapt. 13 July. 1626, John Brame, Gent. and Anne Shardelowe, widow, married Sept. 2. 1631, John Blomefield and Elizabeth Briges married May 30. 1666, Roger Rosier, Gent. buried. 1735, Henry Blomefield of Fersfield, Gent. single man, and Elizabeth Bateman of Mendham, single woman, married Feb. 27.
www.british-history.ac.uk/topographical-hist-norfolk/vol5...
magis means more . . . more of her. . . i've been uploading a photo of her everyday ever since i moved to new york . . .
magis means more . . . more of her . . . no more tight cropped portraits, but rather the whole shebang
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mi inspiracion . . .
stobist info: one ab800 with large softbox a 1/2 power camera left high 3/4 and one ab400 with barndoors and 20 degree grid on a boom aimed at the back drop
otakauworld.celebup.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/magi-s...
Magi - Sinbad no Boken: Primer trailer del anime
otakauworld.celebup.com/2016/01/19/anime/magi-sinbad-no-b...
Italien / Piemont - Lago Maggiore
Cannobio
Lake Maggiore (UK: /mæˈdʒɔːreɪ, ˌmædʒiˈɔːreɪ/, US: /mɑːˈdʒɔːreɪ, məˈdʒɔːri/; Italian: Lago Maggiore Italian pronunciation: [ˈlaːɡo madˈdʒoːre]; Western Lombard: Lagh Maggior; Piedmontese: Lagh Magior; literally 'greater lake') or Verbano (pronounced [verˈbaːno]; Latin: Lacus Verbanus) is a large lake located on the south side of the Alps. It is the second largest lake in Italy and the largest in southern Switzerland. The lake and its shoreline are divided between the Italian regions of Piedmont and Lombardy and the Swiss canton of Ticino. Located halfway between Lake Orta and Lake Lugano, Lake Maggiore extends for about 64 kilometres (40 miles) between Locarno and Arona.
The climate is mild in both summer and winter, producing Mediterranean vegetation, with many gardens growing rare and exotic plants. Well-known gardens include those of the Borromean and Brissago Islands, that of the Villa Taranto in Verbania, and the Alpinia Botanical Garden above Stresa.
Lake Maggiore is drained by the river Ticino, a main tributary of the Po. Its basin also collects the waters of several large lakes, notably Lake Lugano (through the Tresa), Lake Orta (through the Toce) and Lake Varese (through the Bardello).
Geography
Lake Maggiore is 64.37 km (40 mi) long, and 3 to 5 km (2 to 3 mi) wide, except at the bay opening westward between Pallanza and Stresa, where it is 10 km (6 mi) wide. It is the longest Italian lake, although Lake Garda has a greater area. Its mean height above the sea level is 193 metres; a deep lake, its bottom is almost everywhere below sea-level: at its deepest, 179 metres below. Its form is very sinuous so that there are few points from which any considerable part of its surface can be seen at a single glance. If this lessens the effect of the apparent size, it increases the variety of its scenery. While the upper end is completely alpine in character, the middle region lies between hills of gentler form, and the lower end advances to the verge of the plain of Lombardy. Lake Maggiore is the most westerly of the three great southern prealpine lakes, the others being Lake Como and Lake Garda.
The lake basin has tectonic-glacial origins and its volume is 37 cubic kilometres (9 cu mi). The lake has a surface area of about 213 square kilometres (82 sq mi), a maximum length of 54 km (34 mi) (on a straight line) and, at its widest, is 12 km (7 mi). Its main tributaries are the Ticino, the Maggia (forming a very large delta), the Toce (by which it receives the outflow of Lake Orta) and the Tresa (which is the sole emissary of Lake Lugano). The rivers Verzasca, Giona, and Cannobino also flow into the lake. Its outlet is the Ticino which, in turn, joins the river Po just south-east of Pavia.
The lake's jagged banks are surrounded by the Pennine and Lepontine Alps, and Lugano Prealps. Prominent peaks around the lake are the Gridone, Monte Tamaro, Monte Nudo and the Mottarone. The highest mountain overlooking Lake Maggiore is Monte Rosa (4,634 m; 15,203 ft), located about 50 kilometres (31 mi) west of it. The western bank is in Piedmont (provinces of Novara and Province of Verbano-Cusio-Ossola) and the eastern in Lombardy (province of Varese), whereas the most northerly section extends 13 kilometres (8 mi) into the canton of Ticino, where it constitutes its lowest point above sea level as well as that of Switzerland. The culminating point of the lake's drainage basin is the Grenzgipfel summit of Monte Rosa at 4,618 metres (15,151 ft) above sea level.
Climate
Lake Maggiore weather is humid subtropical (Cfa in the Köppen climate classification). During winter, the lake helps to maintain a higher temperature in the surrounding region (since water releases heat energy more slowly than air). The temperatures are cooled down in summer by the breezes that blow on the water's surface, changing its colour. The area enjoys nearly 2300 hours of sunshine a year and an average annual temperature of 15.5 °C (60 °F). The water of the lake has a comfortable temperature of 20 to 22 °C (68 to 72 °F) in July and August. In winter snowfall is erratic and primarily affects the higher elevations. Rainfall is heaviest in May and lowest during the winter months.
Flora and fauna
The flora is strongly influenced by the lake basin, which has allowed the proliferation of typically Mediterranean plants, and also of plants native to the Atlantic areas favoured by the composition of the soil and the abundance of siliceous rocks. Lemons, olive trees and bay olive trees grow there. The spontaneous vegetation is composed of yew, holly and chestnut trees on the surrounding hills.
The lake is a habitat to two species of whitefish, Coregonus and, less widespread, Coregonus lavaretus. Both live in deep water and come ashore only during the spawning in early December. There are also perch, pike, chub, burbot, torpedo, eels and Alburnus arborella. The lake is home to several species of nesting waterfowl, it also represents an important corridor, a place of rest and feeding for migrations. For example: common merganser, royal swan, grebes, gulls, cormorants, ducks.
A number of exotic species have established themselves in the lake, including pikeperch, which has been recorded since 1977; wels catfish, which was first noticed in the early 1990s; and ruffe, introduced in the mid-1990s. Wels catfish in excess of 50 kg in weight have been fished from the lake.
Islands
Borromean Islands (three islands and two islets located between Verbania to the north and Stresa to the south)
Isola Bella
Isola Madre
Isola dei Pescatori (or Isola Superiore)
Isolino di San Giovanni (in front of Verbania)
Scoglio della Malghera (between Isola Bella and Isola Pescatori)
Brissago Islands (close to Brissago)
San Pancrazio (or Grande Isola)
Isolino (or Isola Piccola or Isola di Sant’Apollinare)
Castelli di Cannero (three small islands just off the shore from Cannero Riviera)
Isolino Partegora (in the gulf of Angera)
Sacro Monte di Ghiffa
The Sacred Mountain of Ghiffa is a Roman Catholic devotional complex in the comune of Ghiffa, (Piedmont, northern Italy), overlooking Lake Maggiore. It is one of the nine Sacri Monti of Piedmont and Lombardy, included in the UNESCO World Heritage list.
Events
The Spirit of Woodstock Festival is an annual open air festival at the end of July/beginning of August. It is organized in Armeno by the Mirapuri community.
History
The first archaeological findings around the lake belong to nomadic people living in the area in prehistoric types. The first settlements discovered date from the Copper Age. Along the shores of the lake, between the 9th and 4th centuries BC. J.-C., develops the Golasecca culture, Celts civilization of the iron age. The latter was in turn conquered by the Romans, who called the lake Verbanus Lacus or Lacus Maximus. In Roman times a maritime line was created that linked the lake, thanks to Ticino, to Pavia, from where the ships would then continue along the Po to the Adriatic Sea.
After the fall of the Western Roman Empire, the lake was under different domains. Most of the current settlements originated in the Middle Ages when the lake was under the Della Torre, Visconti, the Borromeo and Habsburg families.
Clashes also took place on the waters of the lake between military fleets, such as in 1263, when the Della Torre ships fought against those of the Visconti near Arona or, between 1523 and 1524, when the Borromeo clashed against Francesco II Sforza and in 1636 between French and Spanish always in the waters between Arona and Angera.
From the fourteenth century until the end of the eighteenth century, navigation on the lake and on the Ticino was also used to transport the heavy blocks of marble obtained from the quarries located around the lake towards the main Lombard construction sites: the cathedral of Milan and the Certosa di Pavia.
Methane was first discovered and isolated by Alessandro Volta as he analysed marsh gas from Lake Maggiore, between 1776 and 1778.
From the middle of the 19th century, the lake began to experience strong tourist development, particularly after Queen Victoria's stay in Baveno in 1879.
In 1936, a Bugatti Type 22 Brescia Roadster, built 1925, was sunk in the lake by employees of Zürich architect Marco Schmucklerski, when Swiss customs officials investigated whether he had paid taxes on the car. The Bugatti was attached to an iron chain making it possible to recover it once the investigation was over, yet that never happened. When the chain corroded, the car sunk to the lake bed, where it was rediscovered on 18 August 1967 by local diver Ugo Pillon and became a favourite target for divers thereafter. When one of the divers, Damiano Tamagni, was killed in a hold-up on 1 February 2008, his friends from the Ascona divers' club decided to lift and sell the car wreck to raise funds for a yet-to-be-created foundation named after the victim. The remains of the Bugatti were recovered on 12 July 2009. The sale took place at the Retro Mobile classic car exhibition in Paris on 23 January 2010. It was sold for €260,500.
In May 2021, a cable car collapsed near the lake, killing 14 people.
In May 2023 a boat capsized in a storm while travelling between Arona and Sesto Calende, killing 4 people. Among the dead were 2 Italian intelligence agents as well as a former agent of Mossad.
The Hotel Meina incident at Lake Maggiore
This incident is part of the Lake Maggiore massacres during WWII.
Meina is a municipality located 77 kilometres (48 miles) northwest of Milan, on the southern shores of Lake Maggiore. The Hotel Meina was located north of the town of Meina and was owned by Alberto and Eugenia Behar, Sephardic Jews who had moved to Italy from Constantinople. In September 1943, an armistice was declared between Italy and the Allies. At that time, the Hotel Meina housed a number of Jewish guests, most of them escapees of the Nazi occupation of Greece. The area around Lake Maggiore was not under Allied control but was occupied by the German Waffen-SS, specifically the infamous Leibstandarte SS Adolf Hitler. Captain Hans Krüger, who directed operations in Meina and the surrounding villages, was in charge of locating the Jews in that area and was responsible for the Lake Maggiore massacres in which approximately 54 Jews were murdered.
On the night of 22 September 1943, most of the Jewish residents of the Hotel Meina were executed and their bodies were thrown into Lake Maggiore. The Fernandez-Diaz family, a family of Greek Sephardic Jews from Thessaloniki, barricaded themselves in one of the fourth-floor hotel rooms. It took an extra day for the Germans to reach and execute them. The family included three young children whose lives were not spared despite pleas from older family members. Among those killed were Dino Fernandez-Diaz (76 years old), Pierre Fernandez-Diaz (46), Liliane (Scialom) Fernandez-Diaz (36), Jean Fernandez-Diaz (17), Robert Fernandez-Diaz (13), Blanchette Fernandez-Diaz (12), Marco Mosseri (55), Ester Botton (52), Giacomo Renato Mosseri (22), Odette Uziel (19), Raoul Torres (48), Valerie Nahoum Torres (49), and Daniele Modiano (51). In total, sixteen Jewish residents of the hotel were executed. Its owners, the Behar family, survived due to the efforts of the Turkish consulate.
The Italian police report on the Meina massacre was lost but resurfaced in 1994, along with hundreds of other files of war crimes committed post-armistice by Germans who still occupied or were retreating from Italian soil. These files had been hidden in a wooden cabinet, the so-called "cabinet of shame", discovered in a storeroom of the military prosecutor's headquarters.
Germany does not extradite its citizens convicted of war crimes in other countries. Those responsible for the Meina massacre were tried at home in Germany in 1968, convicted and sentenced to life in prison. However, in 1970, the German Supreme Court declared the statute of limitations for those particular war crimes to have expired, and the prisoners were released.
References in literature and popular culture
Lake Maggiore is featured in American writer Ernest Hemingway's novel A Farewell to Arms. The protagonist (Frederic Henry) and his lover (Catherine Barkley) are forced to cross the transnational border within the lake in a row boat to escape Italian carabinieri.
It also appeared as the location of a fictional racetrack in the racing game Gran Turismo Sport and Gran Turismo 7.
Die Flippers, a German Schlager group wrote a song called "Lago Maggiore" that appears on their 1990 album Sieben Tage Sonnenschein.
(Wikipedia)
Cannobio is a town and comune on the river Cannobino and the shore of Lago Maggiore in Piedmont, Italy.
History
The local inhabitants probably became subject to Roman rule by the time of the emperor Augustus. Sarcophagi from the 2nd–3rd century CE have been found and conserved in the "Palazzo della Ragione".
The first documented mention of Cannobio dates to 909. During medieval times, the town became a center for wool and tanning industries, as well as the lumber trade. Cannobio was named as a village by 1207, and was granted administrative autonomy. The Palazzo della Ragione was constructed by 1291 under the government of the podestà Ugolino da Mandello.
Cannobio was assigned to the archdiocese of Milan and from 1817 was under the authority of the bishop of Novara. Its "pieve" comprised the areas of Cannobina, Cannero, Brissago and several areas on the eastern side of the lake. The church of St. Vittore, already present in 1076, and with a bell tower from the 13th century, was completely rebuilt between 1733 and 1749. Autonomous rule for the community of Cannobio and its valley came about in 1342, with the spontaneous submission to Luchino and Giovanni Visconti, lords of Milan. From then on, its administration remained closely connected to that of the Duchy of Milan.
In 1522 a painting of the Virgin Mary allegedly started bleeding. Shortly after this apparition, a plague swept through the area devastating lakeside and valley towns and villages, but leaving Cannobio relatively unscathed. Religious minds linked these two events and Cardinal Charles Borromeo ordered a chapel to be built to hold the painting which is still there today.
The economy went through a renewal in the 15th and 16th centuries. The built-up area spread from the original nucleus (the village) down towards the lake. Large residences were built including the Omacini and Pironi palaces.
During the Risorgimento the town repelled an Austrian attack from the lake (27–28 May 1859) and was visited by Giuseppe Garibaldi in 1862. The opening of the lakeside road to the Swiss border in 1863 created favorable conditions for the arrival of factories, including silk mills.
In 1927 the territory of the comune of Cannobio was extended to incorporate some small villages in the vicinity (Traffiume, Sant’Agata, San Bartolomeo). During the Second World War the people of Cannobio rose up against the Nazi and fascist regime, from 2 to 9 September 1944, and proclaimed the Republic of the Ossola. Since the end of the war the community has undergone further changes. From 1995 the town has come within the Province of Verbano-Cusio-Ossola.
Main sights
The large lakefront piazza named after King Victor Emmanuel III was given a major refurbishment when in the winter of 2003–04 it was completely relaid in cobblestones and granite slabs. Also added was of a set of wide flagstone steps down to the lake, where people may sit and watch the lake steamers come and go from the landing stages nearby, and the sailing boats and wind-surfers skimming across the lake.
Some of the buildings both on the lakefront and further back in the old part of town date back over 600 years, from when Cannobio was a renowned smuggling town, and most of these have been restored in fine style.
From one, Giuseppe Garibaldi addressed the people of Cannobio in 1859, and on another stands a plaque celebrating an important event in Cannobio in 1627. Each building is painted a different colour, creating a traditional Italian port scene. To one side of the Piazza is Cannobio’s old harbour, which houses the sailing, rowing and speedboats belonging to the locals.
The Santuario della Pietà church commemorates the events of 1522, when a painting of the Virgin Mary was believed to have bled. With its open dome it stands by the lakeside. The painting itself is now housed in another church in the town, and though it is not removed itself, a "Sacra Costa", representing the painting, is processed through the streets on 7 January every year.
Cannobio has its own "Lido" at the north end of town with a large sandy beach. The beach has a European Union Blue Flag for its cleanliness and facilities.
(Wikipedia)
Der Lago Maggiore (italienisch, der Grössere See), italienisch auch Lago Verbano (von lateinisch Lacus Verbanus), lombardisch Lagh Maggior, in der Schweiz noch deutsch Langensee, ist ein in den italienischen Regionen Piemont und Lombardei sowie im Schweizer Kanton Tessin gelegener, von dem gleichnamigen Hauptzu- und -abfluss Tessin durchflossener oberitalienischer See.
Beschreibung
Der Lago Maggiore ist schmal, gekurvt sowie verästelt und wird von Nord nach Süd durchflossen. Er nimmt 212,5 km² Fläche ein, wovon 19,9 % – im Norden – zur Schweiz und 80,1 % zu Italien gehören. Er reicht von der südlichen Alpenkette bis an den westlichen Rand der Poebene. Wie die anderen oberitalienischen Seen entstand er beim Abschmelzen eiszeitlicher Gletscher. Vor allem sein Nordteil ist von hohen Bergen umgeben.
Der See ist 64,37 km lang und bis zu 10 km breit. Er ist nach dem Gardasee der flächenmässig zweitgrösste See Italiens. Der Seespiegel liegt im Mittel bei 193 m ü. M. und bildet damit den tiefsten Punkt der Schweiz. Die grösste Tiefe beträgt 372 m. Der Seegrund reicht damit bis zu 179 m unter den Meeresspiegel.
Das Einzugsgebiet beträgt 6386 km² (3326 km² in der Schweiz und 3060 km² in Italien).
Von der Fischerei im Lago Maggiore leben mehrere Berufsfischer. Der Gesamtertrag liegt bei 150 Tonnen pro Jahr.
Seit 1826 gibt es auf dem See eine Passagierschifffahrt. 1852 wurde sie vom Österreichischen Lloyd übernommen und neu organisiert. Heute betreibt der italienische Staatsbetrieb Gestione governativa navigazione laghi mit Sitz in Mailand mit der Navigazione del Lago Maggiore (NLM) eine Flotte von 25 Schiffen, darunter der noch betriebsfähige Raddampfer Piemonte. Die lokale Schifffahrt auf Schweizer Territorium wird seit 2018 von der Società Navigazione del Lago di Lugano wahrgenommen.
Der Hauptzu- und -abfluss ist der Tessin (italienisch: Ticino). Er mündet bei Magadino in den See ein. Das Mündungsgebiet, die Bolle di Magadino, (wörtlich: Blase …) ist ein artenreiches Naturschutzgebiet.
Weiter westlich mündet die Maggia. Sie bringt ständig Geschiebe mit sich, so dass das Maggia-Delta heute weit in den See hinausreicht. Östlich des Deltas liegt Locarno, das vor allem durch sein Filmfestival und die Wallfahrtskirche Madonna del Sasso bekannt ist, auf der Westseite Ascona mit seiner Seepromenade und dem Monte Verità. Im Hinterland teilt sich das Tal bei Ponte Brolla ins Centovalli zur linken und das Maggiatal zur rechten Seite. Im Norden mündet die Verzasca in den See, vor allem bekannt durch eine Brücke, die Ponte dei Salti, und die 220 m hohe Staumauer.
Der hydrologisch bedeutendste Zufluss des Sees ist allerdings der Toce, da dieser durchschnittlich etwas mehr Wasser als der Tessin in den See einbringt. Allerdings sind die natürlichen Wassermengen dieser Flüsse aufgrund zahlreicher Wasserableitungen zur Stromgewinnung seit Jahrzehnten von Menschenhand reguliert.
Grösste Stadt am See ist Verbania mit ihren Teilorten Intra und Pallanza. Sehenswert sind die Botanischen Gärten der Villa Taranto (0,16 km²), ein Geschenk ihres Gründers, Kapitän Neil Mac Eacharn, an Italien. Tausende aus aller Welt importierte Pflanzen, sowie seltene, in Europa zum Teil auch einzigartige botanische Sammlungen lassen sich hier studieren. Südlich von Verbania weitet sich der See zum Golf von Verbania, wo der Toce in den See einmündet.
Am Golf liegt Stresa, das mit seinen Belle-Epoque-Villen und -Hotelpalästen heute noch den Charme eines mondänen Nobelkurortes ausstrahlt. In Stresa befindet sich die Villa Pallavicino mit ihrem Park und einem Zoologischen Garten. Jahrhundertealte Bäume und viele freilebende Tierarten sind dort zu sehen. In der Stadt fanden einige historisch bedeutsame Konferenzen statt (1. und 2. Konferenz von Stresa 1935 beziehungsweise 1958, Bilderberg-Konferenz 2004).
Weiter südlich liegt die Stadt Arona. Zwei Kilometer nördlich von Arona wurde 1624 eine 23 m hohe Kupfer-Kolossalstatue (35 m mit Sockel) von Karl Borromäus errichtet, die bis zum Bau der Freiheitsstatue in New York die höchste innen begehbare Statue war.
Südlich des Sees liegt bei Sesto Calende ein unter Naturschutz stehendes Auengebiet.
Auf der Ostseite liegen der Ort Angera mit der mittelalterlichen Burg Rocca di Angera, das in den steil aufragenden Felsen hineingebaute Kloster Santa Caterina del Sasso sowie die Stadt Luino mit ihrem bekannten Wochenmarkt.
Sacro Monte di Ghiffa
Der Pilgerweg mit einer Gruppe der Kapellen Sacro Monte di Ghiffa ist eine Wallfahrtsstätte in der Nähe des Orts Ghiffa im Piemont. Sie ist seit 2003 als Teil der Sacri Monti in die Liste des Weltkulturerbes der UNESCO eingetragen.
Inseln
Bei Brissago liegen die zwei Isole di Brissago mit ihrem botanischen Garten: Isola di San Pancrazio (Isola Grande) und Isola di Sant’Apollinare (Isolino). Nördlich von Cannero Riviera liegen auf zwei Inselchen die Castelli di Cannero.
Stresa vorgelagert sind drei der fünf Borromäischen Inseln: Isola Bella und Isola dei Pescatori (auch bekannt als Isola Superiore), sowie zwischen den beiden das Inselchen Scoglio della Malghera. Die restlichen beiden, Isolino di San Giovanni und Isola Madre, sind dem gegenüberliegenden Verbania vorgelagert.
Vor Angera liegt die kleine Insel Isolino Partegora.
Tier- und Pflanzenwelt
Vegetation
Die Flora des Lago Maggiore wird häufig mit dem Begriff „Insubrische Flora“ umschrieben. Das Gebiet gehört zu den regenreichsten in Italien und der Schweiz. Der höchste Wert von fast 3000 mm pro Jahr wird im Valle Cannobina (Provinz VCO) erreicht, in der Provinz Varese sind es bei Vararo 2000 mm. Die Alpenkette nördlich des Sees und die oft hohen und steilen Berge des Gebietes schützen ihn vor den kalten Winden aus dem Norden, weshalb das Klima mild ist. Sehr ausgeprägt sind die mikroklimatischen Unterschiede zwischen den steilen Südhängen in der Nähe des Sees, und den höher gelegenen, nach Norden ausgerichteten Orten. Dies führt zu einer sehr vielfältigen und interessanten Flora. Die Kombination aus hohen Niederschlägen und mildem Klima begünstigt ein sehr üppiges Wachstum, wie es kaum an einem anderen Ort in Europa anzutreffen ist und ermöglicht es besondere Pflanzen wie Kamelien zu kultivieren, die diese speziellen Bedingungen benötigen. Ein großer Teil des Gebiets ist mit Wald bedeckt, der nach dem Abholzen oder den häufigen Waldbränden schnell nachwächst.
Sehr wichtig für die Flora ist auch, ob der Boden kalkhaltig oder sauer ist. Auf der piemontesischen und der Tessiner Seite des Lago Maggiore ist das Gestein fast überall sauer, ausser in einigen sehr kleinen kalkigen Einschlüssen. Dasselbe gilt für die lombardische Seite des Sees nördlich von Luino und auf den Moränenhügeln im äußersten Südosten in Richtung Sesto Calende. Hier, in Höhenlagen bis etwa 800–1000 m, dominieren überall die oft fast reinen Kastanienwälder. Zwischen 1000 m und etwa 1700 m wachsen hauptsächlich saure Buchenwälder. Darüber lichten sich die Wälder und man findet den Bergahorn (Acer pseudoplatanus) und die Birke (Betula pendula). Hier und auf der montanen Höhenstufe an waldfreien Orten (z. B. aufgrund Rodung oder Waldbrand) finden sich ausgedehnte Flächen mit Pfeifengras (Molinia arundinacea), Adlerfarn (Pteridium aquilinum) und Besenginster (Cytisus scoparius), welcher die Hänge oft weithin mit seinen intensiven, gelben Blüten ziert.
Die niedrig gelegenen Gebiete wie das Ossolatal, die Magadinoebene, das Tal der Tresa, das Valcuvia und das untere Varesotto sind oft stark anthropisiert und sehr dicht besiedelt. Die Landwirtschaft beschränkt sich hauptsächlich auf diese Gebiete, wobei sie allerdings wegen den mageren Böden nicht sehr intensiv ist und hauptsächlich aus Mähwiesen und Maisfeldern besteht. Eine Ausnahme ist die Magadinoebene, wo aus politischen Gründen eine intensivere Landwirtschaft gefördert wird um die Selbstversorgung der Schweiz zu gewährleisten. Dank der starken Förderung hat sich hier trotz nicht optimalen Bedingungen (nasses Klima, schlechte Böden) auch ein intensiver Weinbau erhalten, der auf der italienischen Seite des Sees fast vollständig zum Erliegen gekommen ist. Wo in diesen Gebieten noch Wald vorhanden ist, besteht er hauptsächlich aus Stieleiche (Quercus robur), Esche (Fraxinus excelsior) und Robinie (Robinia pseudoacacia) sowie vereinzelt aus Kastanie (Castanea sativa) und Ulme (Ulmus minor).
Eine andere Flora findet sich im zentralen östlichen Teil des Sees in der Provinz Varese, wo das Substrat kalkhaltig ist. Auch hier wachsen vor allem Kastanienwälder, aber östlich des Campo dei Fiori werden die Hainbuchenwälder (Orno-Ostrietum, Carpinion orientalis) mit Manna-Esche (Fraxinus ornus) und Hopfenbuche (Ostrya carpinifolia) häufiger, die in den südöstlichen italienischen Alpen sehr verbreitet sind. Diese sind zusammen mit den Kastanienwäldern charakteristisch für die submediterrane Übergangsflora zwischen der gemässigten, mitteleuropäischen und derjenigen des Mittelmeerraums. Besonders artenreich sind in diesem Gebiet die Trockenwiesen, die an den wenigen Stellen, die weder bebaut noch bewaldet sind, auf dolomitischen und kalkhaltigen Felsen mit wenig tiefgründigem Boden vorkommen. Die interessantesten Trockenwiesen befinden sich auf dem Monte Sangiano in der Nähe des gleichnamigen Dorfes. Einige Pflanzenarten wachsen um den Lago Maggiore herum nur dort, wie das Apenninen-Sonnenröschen (Helianthemum apenninum), Inula spiraeifolia und einige typische Steppenpflanzen wie sie auch in Zentralasien vorkommen, darunter das Federgras (Stipa eriocaulis) und der Steifhalm (Kengia serotina). Weitere Trockenwiesen gibt es auf den Pizzoni di Laveno, in der Nähe von Vararo, am Campo dei Fiori und oberhalb von Rasa, nördlich von Varese.
Die interessantesten Lebensräume der Gegend sind wahrscheinlich die Feuchtgebiete, in denen einige vom Aussterben bedrohten Arten ihrer letzten Vorkommen in Italien haben. Die Feuchtgebiete sind wohl wegen der außergewöhnlichen Niederschlagsmenge und der zahlreichen Seen und Flüsse so gut vertreten. Zu den bedrohten Arten, die auf der italienischen roten Liste stehen, gehört die Wasserkastanie (Trapa natans), die im Naturschutzgebiet Fondotoce und in den kleineren Seen von Varese und Comabbio vorkommt. Weitere Arten auf der Roten Liste sind Hottonia palustris, die am See bei Brebbia vorkommt, und das Echte Pfeilkraut (Sagittaria sagittifolia), das um die kleineren Seen von Varese und Comabbio gefunden wurde, aber wahrscheinlich ausgestorben ist. Auch die Seekanne (Nymphoides peltata), die im Lago di Comabbio vorkommt, hat in Italien hier einer ihrer letzten Vorkommen. Bemerkenswert sind auch die Relikt-Torfmoore von Valganna und Cavagnano, wo sehr seltene Pflanzen wie der Mittlerer Sonnentau (Drosera intermedia) und die Blumenbinse (Scheuchzeria palustris) wachsen, die in der Roten Liste der Lombardei aufgeführt sind.
Unberührte und außergewöhnlich warme Orte befinden sich nur noch an schwer zugänglichen Orten an steilen Felsen über dem See. Überraschenderweise ist hier bereits eine rein mediterrane Art zu finden, die Salbeiblättrige Zistrose (Cistus salviifolia; Locarnese, Mont'Orfano, Santa Caterina usw.). In den wärmeren, stärker anthropogen geprägten Gebieten in der Nähe der Dörfer tritt das Phänomen der Laurophyllisierung auf, bei dem sich dichte Wälder aus exotischen immergrünen Gehölzen wie der Hanfpalme (Trachycarpus fortunei) und dem Lorbeer (Laurus nobilis) bilden.
Tierwelt
Da verschiedene Fischarten des Lago Maggiores im deutschen Sprachraum nicht vorkommen, werden zum Teil die italienischen Bezeichnungen angegeben. Im See lebt eine Felchen-Fischart, die lokal Lavarello genannt wird und ein beliebter Speisefisch ist. Sie lebt in tiefen Gewässern und kommt nur während der Laichzeit Anfang Dezember an Land. Der See beherbergt auch Agon, Barsch, Hecht, den Cavedano, einen in Italien, im angrenzenden Dalmatien und Südfrankreich endemischen Fisch (Squalius squalus), Quappe, Wels, Aal und die Alborella (Alburnus arborella), ebenfalls ein in Italien und Dalmatien endemischer Fisch sowie Forellen.
Am See gibt es etliche nistende Wasservögel, zum Beispiel: Gänsesäger, Schwan, Haubentaucher, Möwe, Kormoran und Ente. Außerdem ist er ein wichtiger Korridor, Rastplatz und Futterplatz für den Vogelzug.
Schifffahrt
Die Linienschifffahrt auf dem See begann bereits 1826 mit der im Vorjahr gegründeten Impresa Lombardo-Sardo-Ticinese mit dem Dampfschiff Verbano. Im Jahr 1853 nahm eine zweite Gesellschaft, der Lloyd Austriaco, den Dienst mit dem Dampfschiff Taxis auf. Die Impresa Lombardo-Sardo-Ticinese ging 1853 in Konkurs und verkaufte die Dampfschiffe an die Regierung des Königreichs Sardinien. Während des Zweiten Unabhängigkeitskrieges (1859) wurden die Dampfer bewaffnet und es kam sogar zu Gefechten (die österreichische Radetzky wurde von der aufständischen Bevölkerung schwer beschädigt) und fanden schließlich in neutralen Schweizer Gewässern Schutz. Der bankrotte Österreichische Lloyd verkaufte seine drei Schiffe an die Schweizer Regierung, die sie an die sardische Regierung übergab.
1867 gingen die Schiffe in den Besitz der neu gegründeten Mailänder Gesellschaft Innocente Mangili über, die von 1876 bis 1909, zur Zeit der Belle Époque, acht große Salonraddampfer und bis 1914 fünf Schraubendampfer in Dienst stellte. Im Jahr 1896 stationierte die Regia Guardia di Finanza eine Flottille kleiner Torpedoboote in Cannobio; im selben Jahr sank eines davon, die Locusta, bei einem Sturm mit der gesamten Besatzung.
Während des Ersten Weltkriegs ging die Mangili-Gesellschaft in Konkurs und die Schiffe wurden von der Regierung verwaltet, mit katastrophalen Ergebnissen; 1923 gingen sie schließlich an die Società Subalpina Imprese Ferroviarie über, die eine drastische Erneuerung der Flotte durchführte: Bis auf sechs wurden alle größeren Dampfer verschrottet (drei Rad- und drei Schraubendampfer), zwei weitere wurden auf Dieselmotoren umgerüstet, und zehn neue Motorschiffe wurden gebaut. 1929 nahm die Autofähre San Cristoforo, die durch den Umbau eines Lastkahns entstanden war, den Autoverkehr auf, und vier Jahre später wurde eine zweite San Cristoforo, die erste echte Fähre auf den italienischen Seen, in Betrieb genommen. 1938 eröffneten die Tessiner Regionalbahnen den Betrieb auf der Schweizer Seite.
Während des Zweiten Weltkriegs versenkten zwischen dem 25. und 26. September 1944 die alliierte Luftangriffe die Dampfer Genua, Mailand und Turin. In den ersten beiden Fällen gab es 34 bzw. 26 Todesopfer. Bei anderen Angriffen wurden die Motorschiffe Monfalcone und Magnolia beschädigt. Am 16. April 1948 ging die Verwaltung der Schifffahrtsgesellschaft des Langensees (italienisch NLM) an ein Regierungskommissariat über, das mehrere neue Schiffe bauen liess. Das erste Tragflächenboot wurde 1953 in Dienst gestellt; 1956 kaufte die italienische Gesellschaft die Schweizer Flotte.
Die italienische NLM kündigte 2016 aus finanziellen Gründen die Betriebseinstellung im Schweizer Becken auf Ende Jahr an, nachdem im Nachzug der Finanzkrise 2008 vier Jahre später ihre Subventionen aus Rom um 45 % gekürzt worden sind. Nach Interventionen aus der Schweiz wurde dieser Termin um ein Jahr verschoben, um eine Lösung zu finden. Zudem erneuerte die Schweiz Ende Dezember 2016 die letztmals 1992 erteilte Konzession der NLM für die Passagierschifffahrt auch im Tessiner Teil des Langensees auf weitere zehn Jahre hinaus.
Für die Schiffskurse im Schweizer Becken des Langensees wurde ein internationales Konsortium gegründet, an der sowohl die italienische staatliche Betreibergesellschaft Gestione Governativa Navigazione Laghi (GGNL), der die NLM unterstellt ist, als auch die schweizerische Luganersee-Schifffahrtsgesellschaft beteiligt sind. Die italienische NLM stellt für das Schweizer Langensee-Becken 5 ihrer 30 Schiffe zur Verfügung.
Ereignisse
Hochwasser
Beim Hochwasser von 2000 überflutete der See weite Gebiete der anliegenden Gemeinden.
Seilbahnunglück
Beim Seilbahnunfall am Monte Mottarone stürzte am 23. Mai 2021 oberhalb des Sees eine Gondel mit nicht funktionierender Notbremseinrichtung ab, 14 Menschen starben.
Feuer
Waldbrände oberhalb des Sees sind keine Seltenheit. Für denjenigen, der am 30. Januar 2022 ausbrach, siehe den Artikel Waldbrand am Lago Maggiore.
Globale Erwärmung
Seit März 2022 hat es (Stand 23. Juni 2022) in vielen norditalienischen Regionen nicht mehr geregnet. Wegen des milden Winters 2021/22 ist kaum Schmelzwasser in die norditalienischen Täler und Ebenen geflossen. Alle norditalienischen Seen sind betroffen, am stärksten der Lago Maggiore und der Comer See. Für die Bewässerung in der Landwirtschaft und die Energieerzeugung in einem nahegelegenen Wasserkraftwerk stehen nur 20 % der üblichen Wassermenge zur Verfügung. Laut Landwirtschaftsverband CIA (Confederazione italiana agricoltori) bedroht die Wasserknappheit rund die Hälfte der landwirtschaftlichen Produktion Norditaliens. Der Schaden für die Bauern betrage mindestens 2 Milliarden Euro. Der Präsident der Region Piemont hat Mitte Juni 2022 angeordnet, dass in 170 Städten und Gemeinden das Wasser nur noch für lebenswichtige Zwecke wie Trinken und Lebensmittelzubereitung verwendet werden darf.
Siehe auch: Temperaturanomalien im Jahr 2022 und Dürre und Hitze in Europa 2022
Auch der Winter 2022/23 war ausgesprochen trocken, so dass der Pegel über mehrere Monate unter dem Durchschnitt lag. Durch intensive Regenfälle wurde im Mai und Juni 2023 ein überdurchschnittlicher Pegel verzeichnet. Im Juli und August lag der Pegel wieder unter dem Durchschnitt, bevor er Ende August 2023 wegen Dauerregen in die Höhe schoss und mit Stand vom 3. September 2023 nach wie vor über dem Durchschnitt liegt.
Schiffsunglück der Goduria
Am 28. Mai 2023, kurz nach 19 Uhr MESZ kenterte "in der Nähe von Lisanza" (Lisanza ist Fraktion der Gemeinde Sesto Calende, am südlichsten Teil des Sees, linksufrig, höchstens geschätzt 5 km weg vom Abfluss), 150 m vom Ufer entfernt, während eines plötzlich auftretenden Unwetters das überladene Boot Goduria (ital. Vergnügen, Zulassung für 15 Personen, 1982 gebaut) mit 25 Personen. 14 erreichten schwimmend das Ufer, 7 wurden von einigen vorbeifahrenden Booten aufgenommen, 4 starben. Laut Informationen in der Presse waren fast alle Gäste Geheimdienstmitarbeiter aus Italien und von Israels Mossad.
Film
Der Musikfilm Lieder klingen am Lago Maggiore (1962) spielt teilweise am Lago Maggiore.
Der US-Kriegsfilm In einem anderen Land (A Farewell to Arms) unter der Regie von Charles Vidor wurde teilweise in Stresa am Lago Maggiore gedreht.
Namensgeber
1994 wurde der Asteroid (3883) Verbano nach dem See benannt.
(Wikipedia)
Cannobio (nicht zu verwechseln mit Canobbio in der Schweiz) ist eine italienische Gemeinde in der Provinz Verbano-Cusio-Ossola (VB) in der Region Piemont und ist Träger der Bandiera Arancione des TCI.
Geographie
Die Gemeinde liegt am westlichen Ufer des Lago Maggiore und ist die erste größere Ortschaft nach der Grenze zur Schweiz in Piaggio Valmara. Cannobio liegt auf dem Schwemmkegel des Flüsschens Cannobino, im Hinterland dehnt sich das Valle Cannobina aus.
Die Gemeinde umfasst eine Fläche von 52,53 km². Zu Cannobio gehören die Fraktionen Campeglio, Carmine Superiore, Carmine Inferiore, Cinzago, Formine, Marchile, Piaggio Valmara, Pianoni, Ronco, Sant’Agata, San Bartolomeo Valmara, Socraggio, Socragno und Traffiume.
Geschichte
Cannobio war vermutlich schon in vorrömischer Zeit besiedelt. Der Name geht zurück auf das römische Canobinum. Zur Römerzeit galt der Ort wegen seiner günstigen Lage als bedeutendes strategisches und wirtschaftliches Zentrum.
929 beherbergte die Ortschaft einen Königshof (curtis regia). Die Anlage wurde später den Erzbischöfen von Mailand unterstellt. 1207 erhielt Cannobio den Titel eines Borgo.
Im 12. Jahrhundert wurde die Stadt eine freie Kommune, bis sie sich 1342 freiwillig der Familie Visconti unterwarf, deren Herrschaft 1441 als Lehensherrschaft an Vitaliano Borromeo überging. Von dieser Epoche zeugen bis heute die zwischen dem 14. und 19. Jahrhundert erbauten Paläste.
Sehenswürdigkeiten
Cannobio besitzt einen historischen Stadtkern und ist ein beliebtes Ausflugsziel.
Die Pfarrkirche San Vittore mit romanischem Turm wurde im 17. Jahrhundert erbaut, die Eingangsfassade stammt aus dem Jahr 1842. Sie beherbergt eine Orgel von Luigi Maroni Biroldi aus Varese aus dem Jahr 1837.
Die Wallfahrtskirche Santissima Pietà wurde 1575–1614 erbaut, dann 1583 von Sankt Karl Borromäus nach einem Entwurf von Pietro Beretta aus Brissago TI wieder aufgebaut. Die Fassade ist das Ergebnis einer Rekonstruktion von Febo Bottini von 1909. Das Innere besteht aus einem einzigen Schiff mit einer üppigen barocken Dekoration. Über dem Altar befindet sich ein wertvolles Altarbild Aufstieg zum Kalvarienberg von Gaudenzio Ferrari und Giovan Battista della Cerva.
Das Oratorium Santa Marta wurde 1581 erbaut und zeigt über dem Hochaltar das Gemälde Madonna col Bambino des Malers Camillo Procaccini (* 3. März 1561 in Parma; † 21. August 1629 in Mailand).
Der Palazzo della Ragione, genannt Parrasio, wurde zwischen 1291 und 1294 vom Podestà Ugolino Mandello erbaut und im Laufe des 17. Jahrhunderts umgebaut.
Der städtische Turm in romanischer Bauweise stammt aus dem 12. Jahrhundert. Es ist aus Stein gebaut und ist eigentlich der Glockenturm der alten Kirche San Vittore.
Die Rocca Vitaliana ist als die Burgen von Cannero bekannt. Auf den Felseninseln, die aus dem Wasser des Sees hervorgehen, kann man die Ruinen alter Festungsanlagen sehen. Sie wurden zwischen dem 11. und 12. Jahrhundert gebaut.
Uferpromenade
Markt an der Promenade (sonntags)
Hängebrücke Ponte ballerino (Tänzerbrücke) über den Fluss Cannobino.
Lido Cannobio, ein sehr schöner öffentlicher Badestrand mit Liegewiese
In der Umgebung:
Tal und Schlucht des Gießbaches Cannobino
Kirche Sant’Anna erbaut 1638 hoch über der Schlucht des Cannobino
Kirche Sant’Agata mit Aussicht auf den Lago Maggiore
Mineralwasserquelle Fonte Carlina
Mittelalterliches Dorf Carmine Superiore
Regelmäßige Veranstaltungen
Jedes Jahr am Vorabend des 8. Januar findet in Cannobio das Fest der Allerheiligsten Pietà mit einer eindrucksvollen Lichterprozession statt.
(Wikipedia)
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me as Kougyouku Ren from Magi.
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Der Magier / Heft-Reihe
Dan Shocker / Geister-UFO über Nevada
Zauberkreis-Verlag
(Rastatt/Deutschland; 1983 - 1984)
ex libris MTP
me as Kougyouku Ren from Magi.
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me as Kougyouku Ren from Magi.
photo by Midgard (facebook.com/MidgardPhotographyCosplay)
THIS PHOTO IS UNDER COPYRIGHT!
DO NOT USE WITHOUT PERMISSION!
Sharing just with FULL credit of cosplayer's and photographer's name and website link !!!!