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HENRY HOLLAND was born on February 12, 1875 at Durham, England, in the home of his Grandfather Tristram, residentiary Canon of Durham. On the paternal side of his family there were also close ties with the Church of England, his father being a parish priest and his father before him Vicar of Walmer Beach and chaplain to the Duke of Wellington. An aunt, Katie Tristram, who went to Japan as an educational missionary, was the first family link with the mission field.
The dominant influence of his life was his energetic mother, whom he remembers as always on the lookout for a way to help others. It was genial and hospitable Canon Tristram's zest for life, interest
in people and moral courage that also set for the boy a pattern of character to follow. He took example, too, from his father's visits and kindness as a parish priest to every family in the community, whether Churchmen or not.
His travels began in infancy when he was taken to Riga, Latvia, where his father served as English chaplain until the boy was five. The father's next appointment to the parish of Cornhill in north Northumberland brought the family back to the seat of three generations of forebears on his mother's side. The Holland home was on the banks of the Tweed and, though considered delicate, the boy reveled in the fishing, riding, and hunting to hounds afforded by the country life. Later, this experience was to serve him well when he would make arduous journeys to remote parts of Baluchistan on camel or pony.
Tutored by his father and two maiden aunts until he was 11, he went to Durham School for one term and then on to his uncle's school, Loretto, near Edinburgh. Training there was in a Spartan tradition, with high educational standards, daily exercise and much time spent in the open air. His son RONALD also attended this school and three grandsons have followed.
At the end of his last term at Loretto, HENRY went by his parents' arrangement but against his will to a two weeks summer camp instituted to bring the claims of Christ before public school boys. The camp provided a full schedule of exercise and each evening ended with an appeal to the boys to give their lives to His service. He resisted until the last evening before making the decision that revolutionized his life.
Deciding to serve God as a doctor, he enrolled at Edinburgh in 1894 for medical training. Prompted by the example of men he came to know who had chosen a missionary vocation, he joined the Student Volunteer Missionary Union, pledging himself to become a missionary doctor. This step, taken toward the end of his undergraduate study, gave his life a new sense of drive and direction. Advised to interrupt the first year of his medical course after several prolonged attacks of influenza, he had spent a six weeks holiday on the Continent when a Liverpool merchant invited him as a traveling companion on a trip to the United States. Two months later, when his benefactor offered to make him his U.S. representative at what seemed to the college student a staggering sum, he declined the offer. Returning to the University, he entered wholeheartedly into missionary activities and by severe self-discipline was able to graduate in 1899, passing among the first eight, with distinction in both second and final examinations.
The next seven months he spent visiting various colleges and universities in Great Britain and Ireland as Traveling Secretary of the Student Volunteer Mission, a position his elder brother had held when he left Oxford. Professionally, he was later to feel acutely his lack of practical experience on a hospital staff, and, when his two sons decided to join him on the Frontier, they took hospital appointments in England before going abroad.
Dr. HOLLAND had offered his services to the Church Missionary Society shortly after graduation and, in March 1900, still with four months left of his contract as Traveling Secretary, he was called to Quetta, on the remote North-West Frontier of India, to take the place of the doctor shortly going on leave. He had three weeks to prepare for his journey to a place he had never heard of.
Traveling by cramped third class overland to Marseilles, he continued on by sea in an airless lower berth, such as was allotted to second class passengers at the turn of the century. A typhoid inoculation beyond Port Said made him severely ill, and he suffered a virulent attack of the fever seven months after reaching Quetta. From Karachi, he completed the last 400 miles by train, climbing from the dust-thickened air over the Sind desert and plains, through the desolate Baluchistan hills to the upland plateau where Quetta stands, ringed by towering peaks, 5,500 feet above sea level. As he left the plains he began to see large, fierce-looking tribesmen who seemed a piece with the harsh surroundings. His first sight of the city-oasis that was to be his home was memorable—arriving on the 6th of May, the weary traveler delighted in the greenness and profusion of blooming roses.
The medical mission at Quetta, established 14 years earlier, was one of a chain of four along the North-West Frontier originally encouraged by British army and political officers to help keep peace among the tribesmen as well as treat their physical ills. To the first outpatient building constructed in 1889, had been added four wards with 28 beds for inpatients, one operating room and a dark room for ophthalmoscopic work. It was a small but brave assertion of Christian care and compassion in the heart of a hostile land, for killing an infidel as a way to attain Paradise was common practice among fanatical Muslims in those early days.
The Frontier it served was a bleak and isolated land of rugged mountains and great stretches of arid, rocky plains. Apart from the railway to Quetta, there were few roads and only rough trails across the wastelands and through the passes. Excepting the British garrison and government officers at Quetta and the few other stations, the inhabitants were mostly scattered tribespeople who changed their dwellings with the season. Separated by deserts and mountain ranges, the various tribes seldom mixed together. Education in a formal sense was unknown, and there was little desire for schooling among those living in or near the Frontier stations to whom it was available.
Dr. HOLLAND found the hospital in full swing; spring and autumn were the busiest, when caravans could move without hindrance of snow and freezing temperatures or the intolerable summer heat. Among the patients were small-statured Brahui, of supposed Dravidian stock, who came in droves after their winter sojourn to the plains south of Sibi on their way back to the uplands. Tall, hardy Pathans, the Afghan tribes living on the then British side of the border, came down from the mountains to the north. A Pushtu-speaking Semitic people, they claimed descent from the 10 lost tribes of Israel. Baluchi arrived as the weather warmed, from the southern foothills and plains running east from Sibi to the Punjabi frontier. Also a Semitic people and often of fine physique, their language was a form of Persian. Journeying up from the plains were Sindhis and Punjabis.
The doctor was not put off by the Muslim fanaticism, blood feuding and raiding that characterized a part of the tribesmen's way of life. Seeing their strength in adversity and the obvious need for medical attention, he quickly took up the challenge of adjusting to life in entirely strange surroundings.
Work for the young medical graduate began at once. Dysentery and malaria were common ills. Surgical needs were great though limited facilities permitted treatment mostly of hemorrhoids, tubercular glands and cataracts. As he had not had hospital experience, he spent several hours each day working with the doctor he was soon to replace, learning surgical technique. Otherwise learning by doing, he was soon administering treatment for all manner of ailments. Later, he was able to widen his knowledge through visits to hospitals in Kashmir, the Punjab and Sind.
By adhering to a rigorous daily regimen of work and study, he passed examinations in Urdu, Persian and Pushtu and mastered the rudiments of Brahui, Baluchi, Punjabi and Sindhi. Whenever the hospital work slackened, the adventurous doctor made treks into the outlying countryside, sometimes hunting and always learning more about the lives of the tribespeople and their medical needs. Cataracts and eye infections were endemic to the area, induced by glaring heat, searing winds, dust, flies, vitamin deficiency in the diet and calcium-laden water. Perhaps because the plight of the blind touched him most, he developed a special talent for eye surgery. On his return to Quetta in 1907, after a serious illness had necessitated an extended leave, he was given charge of the medical mission.
In the autumn of 1909, a wealthy Hindu merchant and philanthropist invited Dr. HOLLAND to spend the winter weeks treating patients at Shikarpur, in North Sind, offering to cover all expenses. The doctor and his two colleagues refused payment for their services, but agreed to return if the merchant would provide a building for their operative work. The small hospital that was ready the following year has now grown into one of the largest eye clinics in the world, able to care for 600 patients at a time. Though some other surgical cases are treated, the main work is ophthalmic.
Since 1920, some 150 eye specialists have come from India, Pakistan, the Continent, the United Kingdom and the United States to observe and work at Shikarpur. They pay their own traveling expenses and board and room for the privilege of working there. In a mutually beneficial exchange, the visiting doctors have brought the latest developments in surgical technique and themselves had valuable operative experience, performing up to 200 cataract operations in a month's stay, whereas two or three a week would be the average in most clinics elsewhere. Other medical missionaries also have come each year to join in the work. This outside help has meant that four doctors could each operate six hours a day. With such teamwork, as many as 3,000 operations have been performed during one two-month season at Shikarpur, of which 1,400 were for cataracts.
A second clinic was later established at Khairpur, also in North Sind, and for a time a clinic was operated for a few weeks each year in Karachi under the auspices of the Poor Patients' Relief Society. As other doctors joined the mission, stations were set up in the surrounding countryside to which medical and nursing staff were regularly assigned.
The main base was still Quetta, and the hospital there grew steadily, chiefly due to the increase of eye work. Facilities were better adapted to local custom with the addition of wards where patients could be accompanied by relatives with cooking pots. Between 1904 and 1930, 14 such wards were built for patients who would rather pay a rupee a day than go into a public ward; all were the gifts of grateful patients. Similar accommodations for very poor families were provided free. Patients often came from long distances, and to have their relatives with them during convalescence with a family camel, donkey or goat in the courtyard was a natural arrangement they appreciated.
The tradition of service was strengthened at Quetta by the building of a Christian nursing profession and the institution, in 1926, of a full-fledged training program for male nurses. From 1931, the mission hospital also trained a succession of dispensers. An X-ray unit had been purchased, in 1925, with donations from local sirdars and chieftains. By 1934, the number of beds had been increased to 124 and that year inpatients numbered 3,447 and major operations totalled 3,760. With the exercise of much faith and patience in a Muslim environment, old suspicion and distrust had given way to confidence, notably regarding surgery.
All of this painstakingly built physical plant was destroyed, in May 1935, when a disastrous earthquake laid Quetta in ruins, killing some 25,000 people in the city and environs. After five days in a hospital recuperating from a back injury sustained when he was pinned under falling beams, Dr. HOLLAND was appointed Chief Medical Officer of Baluchistan, in charge of rescue work, making provision for casualties and prevention of epidemics. This task completed, the intrepid doctor then faced the problem of reconstruction. "Striking while the iron was hot," he made a trip to England to raise funds. Other support for the Rebuilding Fund came from not then partitioned India. Temporary structures were in operation in 1936 and two years later the first permanent buildings went up. The new hospital was completed on the same site on May 6, 1940, 40 years from the day of his first arrival at Quetta.
In 1936, the doctor had been made a Knight-Bachelor in recognition of the work of the mission hospital and his contribution to ophthalmology. He had previously received the decoration of the Kaiser-i-Hind gold medal and bar and, in 1929, the Companion of the Order of the Indian Empire (C.I.E.) in tribute of his service to the tribespeople of Baluchistan.
His medical work on the Frontier meanwhile was becoming a family affair. Effie Tunbridge, the second nursing sister to join the Quetta mission became Dr. HOLLAND's wife four years later in 1910. Their elder son, Harry, joined his father in 1935. The second son, RONALD, born in Quetta in 1914, followed suit in 1940, after completing his medical training at Edinburgh. Marriage interrupted the plans of their daughter, Esme, also to serve on the Frontier. RONALD's wife, Joan, has carried on as a nurse, keeping hospital accounts and becoming an expert anesthetist though, stricken with paralytic polio a year after their marriage in 1940, she has the full use of only one arm and is unable to walk. When malaria, contracted marching through the Burma jungle in wartime, continued to undermine his health, Harry returned to England and, in 1953, started the Oversea Service, a pioneer venture under the auspices of the British Council of Churches and the Conference of British Missionary Societies to spread a sense of Christian responsibility among laymen going to assignments abroad. RONALD has taken his father's place in charge of the medical mission work in Pakistan. Excelling also in general surgery, he is recognized as the most skillful ophthalmic surgeon of the family. He has learned the many languages of Baluchistan and otherwise has carried on unbroken his father's legacy of compassionate service. Though even more patients than in his father's time are treated during the crowded winter months at Shikarpur and Khairpur and during the spring and autumn at Quetta, Dr. RONALD HOLLAND continues to visit the outlying areas. Setting up mobile clinics along the way he, too, performs delicate eye operations and treats assorted other ailments for poor tribespeople to whom no other help is available.
In treating the thousands who come each year to their hospitals and clinics the HOLLANDS developed mass operative techniques that have relevance for surgeons elsewhere who may be called upon to meet large-scale disasters. Where it was no uncommon experience to see 200 to 300 outpatients a day, the choice was made to forego elaborate treatment for a few and take care of as many as possible. Both father and son have done up to 70 cataract operations a day. Records were not as detailed as they would like, but each patient was recorded as to diagnosis, treatment, operation, operator, complications and result. Methods were simplified to the extreme, but the essential preoperative technique has been maintained and postoperative care adapted to the resources available and the mores of the people, proving, for example, that a cataract case can move about within hours after surgery without harmful effect. Despite severe handicaps, these careful adjustments to field conditions have produced excellent results. Though the Shikarpur clinic operates only two months each year, it can record more than 150,000 eye operations, including 80,000 cataract extractions of which 97 per cent have proved successful.
Feeling that the scientific part of their work should be brought before the profession, both Sir HENRY and Dr. RONALD HOLLAND have contributed articles to leading medical journals in India, Britain and the United States and read papers at the Oxford Ophthalmic Congress.
Following partition in 1947, Quetta and Shikarpur fell within the borders of West Pakistan. The hospitals helped through the difficult period of adjustment and now are continuing their good work. Beside the goodwill among the people and the tribal chieftains, based on trust, has been a growing appreciation of the Christian qualities of concern and integrity for which the hospitals have stood through the years.
Sir HENRY's retirement, due according to the rules of his mission society in 1940, was postponed for the duration of World War II and again delayed until conditions were settled enough for him to hand over to his sons and his Pakistani Christian assistant. In those postwar years, he served on Government Commissions, on Church and Mission councils and committees, sharing in the planning of medical policy both for the Church and the Government of India.
Finally leaving active service in March 1948, he was promptly called back again to treat the King of Afghanistan. Two years later and until his own eyesight began to fail in 1956, grateful tribesmen, led by a Baluch chief, made up a purse to pay his traveling expenses for an annual visit to his hospitals. During the remainder of those years, he traversed England raising funds, recruiting missionaries and encouraging young people to think less of themselves and more of service to others. Now 85, he came to Pakistan again this year to celebrate his golden jubilee among his beloved tribespeople.
Simple and unassuming in manner, this father and son bely their splendid record as two of the world's foremost eye surgeons. Both have been offered professional opportunities with high standing and handsome stipends but have chosen to devote their skills as medical missionaries among an isolated people. Of those who come to work or be treated at their hospitals, no question is asked as to their faith, but the doctors' own lives are a continual Christian challenge to all who know them.
Each day's work is preceded by prayer. In operating for hours on end visitors, too, have sensed the therapeutic value of the spiritual atmosphere thus created. To the HOLLANDS, prayer and healing go together, for healing to them "speaks" the same message as Christ's teaching—the love of God in whose sight every individual is important.
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Presidential Candidate 總統候選人
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Tianliang Ma
~ a Taiwanese social reformer, philosopher, photographer and film director
“Touching Fairness and Justice”
馬天亮
~ 臺灣的社會改革者，哲學家，攝影師，和電影導演
《感動的公平與正義》
TianLiang Maa, alternative spelling: Tianliang Ma, also known as Theophilus Raynsford Mann; Ma, Tianliang; Chinese: 馬天亮; 马天亮.
SUMMARY
TianLiang Maa is a naturalist, occultist, Buddhist and Taoist. In 1982, Maa developed a technique for abstract photography, applied “Rayonism” into photographic works. Maa staged 32 individual, extraordinary exhibitions around Taiwan, who was the first exhibitor around Formosa. Maa’s works is the beginning of modernization in the modern abstract arts in the world. At the University of Oxford, Maa’s attractive topic was “A View of Architectural History: Towns through the Ages from Winchester through London Arrived at Oxford in England”; also an author at the University of California, Berkeley and the University of Michigan in the United States; an alumnus from Christ Church College at the University of Oxford in England, the University of Glamorgan in Wales, and National Taiwan University in Taipei on Taiwan. Maa’s works have been quoted by the scholars many times, making Maa one of the highly cited technological, artistic, and managing public administrators in the academia. Maa was listed in “Taiwan Who’s Who In Business” © 1984, 1987, 1989 Harvard Management Service.
Early Life and Record of Genealogy
TianLiang Maa possesses both Taiwanese and German surnames from birth. Usually, whenever anyone asks Maa about where he comes from, he would reply “Formosa” as he grew up and was educated in the Far East and lives in Taiwanese and Japanese lifestyles. Moreover, he often teaches and educates younger generations based on the methods of the Far Eastern teaching he experienced when he was young, though he does not oppose the Western ways of teaching and thinking. Maa takes great pride in his roots, which go back 150 years (since 1864); Maa’s ancestry originates and creates generations, and prepares younger generations to succeed their personality and ethical standards and integrity.
Education in Taiwan and a Brief of Latest Generation of History in Taiwan / Formosa
In 1980, Maa obtained his postgraduate certificate from the Graduate Institute of Electrical Engineering of National Taiwan University in Taipei; successfully completed another graduate studies in Information dBase III Plus and Taiwanese Traditional Chinese Mandarin Information System at National Sun Yat-Sen University in Kaohsiung in 1989.
In history, the Portuguese explorers discovered and called the island (Taiwan), “Formosa” (meaning “Beautiful Island”) in 1590. They are non-Chinese people; it was long a Chinese and Japanese pirate base. Fighting continued, between its original inhabitants of Taiwanese and the Chinese settlers, into the 19th century. In 1894-95 first Sino-Japanese War that ended in Manchus of the Qing (Ching) dynasty defeat, the late Manchu Qing Government forced to cede Formosa to Japan. This result was made by the Treaty of Shomonoseki in 1895 and remained under Japanese control until the end of the Second World War. Early on, Taiwan was conquered by the Qing in 1683 and for the first time became part of older China dynasty. However, today, the home country of Maa’s origin has around 165 institutions (93 universities) of higher education, which now has one of the best-educated populations in Asia. Among the major public (state) ones are the National Taiwan University (NTU) at Taipei, and National Sun Yat-Sen University (NSYSU) at Kaohsiung. NSYSU is also called National Chun-Shan University; according to Times Higher Education 2010-2011, NSYSU ranks as the 3rd university in Taiwan, 21st in Asia, and 163rd worldwide. National Taiwan University is ranked 51 to 60 ranks on Times Higher Education World University Rankings - Top Universities by Reputation 2013, the United Kingdom (see www.timeshighereducation.co.uk/world-university-rankings/...); King's College London (KCL) (21st in the world and 6th in Europe in the 2010, QS World University Rankings), the University of London, and University of Southern California (is one of the world's leading private research universities, located in the heart of Los Angeles), afterward.
Backing to Maa’s early school-time of Taiwan Provincial Kaohsiung Industrial Senior High School (Kaohsiung Municipal Kaohsiung Industrial High school), the professional technical education, which is equivalent to Advanced Level General Certificate of Education, commonly referred to as an A-level in the United Kingdom; China Electronic Engineering College, the distance learning programme, which is in equivalence as UK’s Diploma of Higher Education / Undergraduate Diploma (as an Associate Degree in the United States). An additional, his middle education was taught by the Kaohsiung Municipal Chihjh (Ci Sian) Junior High School; and Kaohsiung Municipal San Min Elementary School was his first school in Taiwan.
Early Career
In 1989, Maa instituted Maa’s Office of Electrical Engineer, he settled himself in electrical technology and industries as a chief engineer in his early years. He put his professional and precise knowledge to good account in business management. A formal business management with business relationship established to provide for regular services, dealings, and other commercial transactions and deed. He had many customers having a business and credit relationship with his firm then he was a successful engineer.
Study Abroad and Immigration into the United Kingdom
In 1998, Maa studied abroad when he arrived in Great Britain; he studied at School of Built Environment, the University of Glamorgan (Prifysgol Morgannwg) in Merthyr Tydfil, Pontypridd, Wales for a master of science in real estate appraisal. Until the summer of 2000, Maa completed an academic course on “Towns through the Ages” from Christ Church College at the University of Oxford (is ranked the 2nd place worldwide on The Times Higher Education, World University Rankings 2012-2013
www.timeshighereducation.co.uk/world-university-rankings/...) in England. Afterward, Maa immigrated into the United Kingdom in the early year of 2004.
PHILOSOPHICAL VIEWS
Maa is a naturalist; he trusts spiritual naturalism and naturalistic spirituality, which teaches that “the unknown” created this wonderful world. “The unknown” arranged the nature with its law so that everything in nature is kept balanced and in order. However, human beings failed to control themselves, deliberately went against the law of nature, and resulted in disasters, which we deserved. He also is an occultist, a Taoist, and a Buddhist; but in Britain, he frequently goes to Christian and Catholic churches, where he makes friends with pastors and fathers as well as churchgoers. In his mind, he recognizes “Belief is truth held in the mind; faith is a fire in the heart”. He is always a freethinker, does not accept traditional, social, and religious teaching, but based on his ideas: a thought or conception that potentially and actually exists in his mind as a product of mental activity - his opinion, conviction, and principle. If people have not come across eastern classics and philosophy, we are afraid that people would never understand TianLiang Maa. People cannot judge an eastern philosopher based on western ways of thinking. He studies I Ching discovering eastern classics of ancient origin consisting of 64 interrelated hexagrams along with commentaries. The hexagrams embody Taoist philosophy by describing all nature and human endeavour in terms of the interaction of yin and yang, and the classics may be consulted as an oracle.
Back in the 1990s when Maa just arrived at England, he had been offered places to do Ph.D. and LL.M. degrees (degree in Law and Politics of the European Union) by several western professors in the Great Britain. He has met all the requirements for postgraduate admissions to study at UK’s universities.
During his time at Oxford, he learnt a lot of British culture and folk-custom while carrying out research with many British and Western professors, experts, and archaeologists. This proves that Maa understands various aspects in British society, culture, and lifestyles. Of course, he does not fully understand about the perspectives of thinking of a typical British. For example, what would be the most valuable in life for a British person? What would a British want to gain from life? What is the goal in life for a British? Is it fortune or a lover? Alternatively, perhaps honour? On the other hand, maybe being able to travel around the world and see the world?
FAIRNESS and JUSTICE
As TianLiang Maa’s (馬天亮) saying are:
“Touching Fairness and Justice”
Feel good about themselves, but do not know the sufferings of the people...
Who can get easy life like them?
What is profile of modern society?
What type and style is truly solemn for this society identify?
Where “the characterization” is? Who can see? Did you see it?
《感動的公平與正義》
自我感覺良好, 不知民間疾苦...
誰能得到安逸的生活如同他們一樣？
這是個什麼樣子的社會？
這個社會認定什麼樣的類型和風格是真正莊重的?
「特徵」在那裡？誰可以看到？你看到了嗎？
Jurisprudence and Political Philosophy and Perspectives
Maa ever studied judicial review and governmental action, the impact of law and legal techniques, constitutional mechanisms for the protection of basic rights, and ensuring the integrity of commercial activity, the impact of law and legal techniques on government, policymaking, and administration, as well as the creation of markets. He tries to understand these critical trends in the political development of modern state. Maa will combine both theoretical and empirical approaches, and the conditions for democratic transition and the nature of state development in the ‘post-industrial’ era of globalisation and economic integration.
According as Maa’s legal experiences, he comprehend that “the knowledge of the law is like a deep well, out of which each man draught according to the strength of his understanding”, and, law and arbitrary power are in eternal enmity. He is also sure law and institutions are constantly tending to gravitate like clocks; they must be occasionally cleansed, and wound up, and set to true time.
The government issues a decree - an authoritative order having the force of law, which charged with putting into effect a country's laws and the administering of its functions. Any of the officials promulgate a law or put into practice relating to the government charged with the execution and administration of the nation's laws then they announce and carry out the creation of any order or new policy that will be responsible for the people.
Maa had knowledge in connexion with construction law; he also understands architectural arts, and as well learnt the forms by combining materials and parts include as an integral part concerning modern construct. I ever built urban buildings and rural architecture in different styles under new housing and building projects by the governmental administration and construction corporations.
Right now, Maa studies the problems caused by ethnic disputes and human armed conflicts in the modern society resulted code of mixed civil and criminal procedure. He wishes an agreement or a treaty to end human hostilities - the absence of war and other hostilities around the world. The interrelation and arrangement of freedom from quarrels and disagreement become harmonious relations living in peace with each other. Actually, erect peace in more friendly ways of making friendships for modern human society is comfortable in my ideal. It is like building monolithic architecture: houses and buildings for the people. Maa would like to do “something beautiful for `the unknown`”.
In the ethnic disagreement and armed conflicts as concerning the poor people and children notwithstanding they live through a bad environment on any of poor or crowded village or town in a particular manner - lived frugally. However, after years of industrialisation as a more educated population, becomes more aware of global plenum, continuing to be alive. Environmental groups are increasing and lobbing government will legislate to stop bad environmental and social practices. The establishments of human rights’ wide and untiring efforts will be alleviated people’s suffering. And as well the poor people shall meet and debate sustainable development and for a concerted government led action towards sustainability is an example that the younger generation are concerned for the future. It shall be making the younger easier for their life and make better on their lives, and help them to build a better future.
In present world, Maa really knows the full meanings of “Fundamental Human Rights and Equal Opportunities for the People”. He thinks ethics is the moral code governing the daily conduct of the individual toward those about him / her. It represents those rules or principles by which men and women live and work in a spirit of mutual confidence and service. Without going into the question of how an ethical code was formulated or why anybody should obey it, we can look at the matter in a common-sense fashion with reference to its influence upon our legal affairs. In brief, from the law point of view, a reputable ethical code embodies the qualities of accuracy, dependability, fair play, sound judgement, and service. It is based upon honesty.
No person can have an ethical code that concerns him / her alone. Living in society, as he / she must, a person encounters others whose rights must be respected as well as his / her own. An honest regard for the rights of others is an essential element of any decent code of ethics, and one that anyone must observe if anybody intends to follow that code. After all, ethics is not something apart from human beings. Indeed, there is no such thing apart from our actions and us. It is the duty, therefore, of every man and woman in legal affairs to see that his daily associations with others are truly in conformity with the plain meaning of the Ten Commandments: “Thou shalt not barratry, thou shalt not bear false witness, thou shalt not receive illegal fee and the rest”.
The knowledge Maa has, in connection with legal affairs, was usually come from his precious experiences of his past over ten year’s law and political careers. In an interval regarded as a distinct period of 1980s, he studied mixed civil and crime, and the code of mixed civil and criminal procedure for the problems caused by ethnic disputes and human armed conflicts in the modern society. He was especially one who maintains the language and customs of the group, and social security in Taiwan.
Since 30 July of 1988, Maa settled himself in law as a chief executive and scrivener at Central Legal, Real Estate, and Accounting Services Office; it is in the equivalent to a solicitor of the United Kingdom. The Office provided full legal, accounting, real estate, and commercial services to the public. He did his job as a person legally appointed by another to act as his or her agent in the transaction of business, specifically one qualified and licensed to act for plaintiffs and defendants in legal proceedings and affairs. Over and above Maa was a chairman and executive consultant at Taiwan Credit Information Company®, founded in 1994. The company offered services to the public in response to need and demand in the area of credit information.
Maa had excellent experiences in political and law work was pertaining to mixed civil and crime, the code of mixed civil and criminal procedure, construction, and commercial law abroad. The experiences of legal services related to the rights of private individuals and legal proceedings concerning these rights as distinguished. In the criminal proceedings, he did many cases for the defendants. Although an act committed or omitted in violation of a law forbidding or commanding it and for which punishment is imposed upon conviction; but he also laid legal claim, required as useful, just, proper, or necessary to the defendants under the human rights in the meantime. This provision ensures to the defendant a real voice in the subject.
The men whose judgement we respect are those who do not allow prejudices, preferences, or personalities to influence their decisions. Profit and self-aggrandisement are likewise ignored in their determination to reach an equitable and fair settlement. What are the basic principles upon which good judgement is founded? A keen intellect, a normal emotionally, a through understanding of human nature, experience of law work, sincerity, and integrity.
Developed a Technique for Abstract Photography and Abstractionist
In 1982, Maa developed a technique for abstractive photography, which applied “rayonism” to the photographic works. In November of 1984, Maa was 26-year-old, he instructed many professors and students of National Taiwan Normal University in photography of abstract impressionism and rayonnisme in Taipei, Taiwan. The word “rayonnisme” is French for rayonism - a style of abstract painting developed in 1911 in Russia.
Photographic Exhibitions
TianLiang Maa (Theophilus Raynsford Mann) Photographic Exhibition of “Rayonnisme / Rayonism” Tour - Invitational Exhibition of Taiwan 1983-84.
一九八三〜八四年中華民國臺灣 馬天亮攝影巡迴邀請展
TianLiang Maa (Theophilus Raynsford Mann) Photographic Exhibition of Rayonnisme / Rayonism (32 individual exhibitions) 1983~1985.
馬天亮『光影』攝影特展（個人展32場）1983〜1985年.
Maa staged 32 individual, extraordinary exhibitions and annual special exhibitions on photography of abstractive image and Rayonnisme around Taiwan / Formosa. Maa was the first exhibitor around the country. All of the invited displays were by the Chinese Government, cultural and artistic organisations, and sponsors. Maa’s earliest exhibition took place in the National Taiwan Arts Education Institute (Museum) on 19 December 1983 when Maa was 25 years old; Maa was the youngest exhibitor in the history of the Institute in any solo exhibitions. The Institute that was opened in March 1957, kept a collection of Maa’s work. It is currently updating the Institute’s internal organisation and strengthening co-operation with leading institutes and museums around the world. Meanwhile, it widened the institute’s scope to increase its emphasis on Taiwan’ regional culture and folk arts.
Modernization in the Modern Abstract Arts of Taiwan
Maa’s works is the beginning of modernization in the modern abstract arts of Taiwan, China and greater Chinese society in the world. The use of “modernisation” as a concept that is opposed to “Traditional” of “Conservative” ideas began with the approach of the 20th century. It spreads rapidly through academic circles, and was broadly accepted as a means to reform society. Chinese Manchu Qing (Ching) dynasty’s first steps toward modernisation began in the Tung-chih era (1862-1874) with the “Self-Empowerment Movement”. During the late 19th century, as late Manchu dynasty was confronted on all sides by foreign aggression, voices throughout society debated the most effective means to reform and strengthen the country. Some advocated “combining the best of East and West”, while others went so far as to call for “complete Westernisation”. Taiwan was at the centre of these waves of reform. Faced with direct threats against the island by foreign enemies, the Chinese Ching dynasty court took special steps to push Taiwan’s modernisation.
In a role just like that of a gardener wanting to create a rich and fertile environment for the seeds of culture, one in which Maa may sprout, grow and bloom. Maa aims to provide an educational stimulus for society by introducing his works - Maa can express the neo-romantic spirit deftly from various creations and supporting international artistic exchanges. Maa believes that the first step in creating such a new and independent state is the real emergence of culture and arts, for which the art and science of designing and erecting buildings, and fine arts (including photography and motion picture) of the civilization is a good measurement of success. For the foreseeable future, Maa should be continuing to forge ahead, working diligently and unceasingly towards its mission of raising China and Formosa / Taiwan’s culture in his spare time.
Became an Author and a Scholar
In 1980, TianLiang Maa completed his first book - scenario original “The Soul's Sentimentalizing”, also named: “Hun Yun : Jin Qi Tu Rui” 電影原著《魂韻》(衿契吐蕊) then Maa was at the age of 22. In 1983, The General Library of the University of California, Berkeley in the United States of America, collected and kept Maa’s writings - scenario original 「魂韻 : 衿契吐蕊」“Hun Yun : jin qi tu rui”, included a musical composition of his own – “Sonate Nr. 1 C-dur op. 3 für Klavier (piano)”, composed on 3rd April 1977 then Maa was 18 years old. The works were published in 1980; the theme was based on “The Soul's Sentimentalizing”. Another masterpiece was an Album of Academic Work for News Publication “TianLiang Maa (Theophilus Raynsford Mann) Photographic Exhibition of Rayonnisme / Rayonism”, published in 1985. The Hathi Trust Digital Library, the University of Michigan also collected and kept Maa’s writings.
Authorship
Maa’s articles and writings were published in more than 200 different kinds of domestic and foreign magazines, newspapers, and periodicals, in the period between May of 1972 and 1990s. It was all started when Maa was just 13-year-old. Many of which have been very influential. These have been quoted by Western and Eastern scholars many times in the last few years, making Maa one of the highly cited technological, artistic, and managing public administrators in the world in the late 20th and early 21st century. The Ministry of the Interior in Taiwan had registered Maa’s professional writings and given him two certificates of copyright. The numbers are 33080 and 33081 on 4th July of 1985; and Taiwan’s Gazette of The Presidential Office issue No. 4499, featured his writings on 4th September 1985.
Became an Academic and Film Director
Today, Maa is a professor at Space Time Life Research Academy, and a photographer, film director, and computer engineer now live and work in London.
Director Works:
FILMS:
Experimental Film “New Image for the Spring” © 1982
Documentary Film “Rayonnisme” © 2011
“The Soul's Sentimentalizing” of the feature film is based on the scenario original “The Soul's Sentimentalizing” (preparation)
FASHION SHOWS:
New Image for the Spring of Shapely Models International © 1982
High Lights on the Summer and Fall Fashion of Shapely Models Int’l © 1982
ART EXHIBITIONS:
The Cadillac Club International Fine Arts Exhibition © 1981
The Cinematic & Photographic Arts Salon and the Hall of the Arts, Pegasus Academy of Arts © 1981
Musician Work:
MUSIC COMPOSITION:
Sonate Nr. 1 C-dur op. 3 für Klavier (piano) © 1977, © 1980, © 1981, © 1983, the theme was based on “The Soul's Sentimentalizing”.
PHOTOGRAPHIC ALBUMS:
Portrait and Landscape in France © 2000
Portrait and Landscape in Scotland © 2001
Portrait and Landscape in England © 2009
Portrait at Queen Mary, University of London © 2010
Rayonism of London © 2011
Portrait at The University of Nottingham, United Kingdom © 2011
Snowy London © 2012
Portrait at King's College London © 2013
BOOKS:
Scenario Original「魂韻」(衿契吐蕊) “Hun yun: jin qi tu rui” © December 1980, © 1981, © 1983 (Date of First Publication: 31 December 1980, Second Edition on 29 July 1981, Date of Revision: Revised Edition on 8 May 1983), Languages: Chinese (traditional), and English language.
“Album of the Cadillac Club International Fine Arts Exhibition” © 1981
“Album of the Cinematic & Photographic Arts Salon and the Hall of the Arts, Pegasus Academy of Arts” © 1981
“Album of New Image for the Spring of Shapely Models International” © 1982
“Album of High Lights on the Summer and Fall Fashion of Shapely Models Int’l” © 1982
“Romantic Carol” © 1982
Album of Academic Work for News Publication: “TianLiang Maa (Theophilus Raynsford Mann) Photographic Exhibitions of Rayonnisme” © May 1985
新聞出版之學術著作專輯「馬天亮『光影』“Rayonism” 攝影展」© May 1985
New version of scenario original “The Soul's Sentimentalizing” (to be published)
「曾經輝煌到頂天立地」 “The Indomitable Spirit Was Brilliant to Upright” (individual biography, to be published)
“My Life, My History, and My Love” (based on a legend, to be published, a film scenario will be developed later)
「感動的公平與正義」“Touching Fairness and Justice” (political science and social studies, to be published)
Research Interests:
University of Oxford
Research Studies in Archaeology:
Maa’s attractive topic was “A View of Architectural History: Towns through the Ages from Winchester through London Arrived at Oxford in England”.
National Taiwan University
Graduate Certificate,
Graduate Institute of Electrical Engineering:
Maa’s monograph of seminar was “Applied the sequence control in the electric power distribution engineering”.
University of Glamorgan
M.Sc. Course,
Master of Science in Real Estate Appraisal:
Maa’s thesis - major subject, with relevant construction law was “The Assignment is under Economics of Construction Management in Architecture”.
National Sun Yat-Sen University
Postgraduate Certificate,
Postgraduate Studies in Computing:
Maa’s required subject was Information dBase III Plus and Taiwanese Traditional Mandarin Chinese Information System. He combined academic course work and practical laboratory sessions in “Applied Mandarin Phonetic Symbols into Traditional Taiwanese Personal Computer and Its Information System”.
Associations:
Since 1980, a member of Chinese Taipei Film Archive (CTFA, National Film Archive, Taiwan; founded in 1978), The Motion Picture Foundation, R.O.C. (member of Fédération Internationale des Archives du Film, FIAF; The International Federation of Film Archives was founded in Paris in 1938 by the British Film Institute, the Museum of Modern Art in New York City, the Cinémathèque Française and the Reichsfilmarchiv in Berlin.)
Commissioner of the cinema, photography, radio, and television committee of The Culture and Arts Association (Chinese Writers and Artists Association) of Taiwan ever since September 1983.
Classic member, the membership is equivalent to a doctorate membership of the Chinese Institute of Electrical Engineering since 23 March 1984.
On 15 March 1989, Maa promoted and founded the Consortium Juridical Person Mr. TianLiang Maa Social Benefit Foundation 財團法人馬天亮先生社會公益基金會 in Taiwan. near.archives.gov.tw/cgi-bin/near2/nph-redirect?rname=tre...
Classic member, the membership is equal to a professor or associate professor of The Chinese Institute of Engineers since 30 September 1991.
Honours:
Listed on ‘Taiwan Who’s Who In Business’, © 1984, © 1987, and © 1989 Harvard Management Service.
中華民國企業名人錄編纂委員會, 哈佛企業管理顧問公司.
On 26 August 1985, Maa was awarded a professional certificate of the Outdoor Artistry Activities issued by Education Bureau, Kaohsiung City Government, Taiwan. He acquired awards and certificates of honour about twenty times from National Taiwan Arts Education Center (Museum) on 24 December 1983; Kaohsiung Municipal Social Education Center on 17 March 1984, Kaohsiung Cultural Center, Taipei Cultural Center (Taipei Municipal Social Education Hall); and Taiwan Province Government, Taipei City Government, Kaohsiung City Government, and many cultural centres and art galleries, and so on.
Careers:
Honorary Professor at Space Time Life Research Academy, 7 June 2012 to present; Professor at Space Time Life Research Academy, 1 September 2011 to 1 June 2012 in London, United Kingdom:
Academia,
Teaching and Research:
business management and consultant, political philosophy, Chinese classics, Chinese humanities, modern Chinese language and literature, photography (portrait, fashion, commercial, digital, architectural, abstract photography), visual arts and film production.
教學與研究：
企業管理及顧問、政治哲學、中華經典 (古典漢學、文學、藝術、語言) 、中華人文、中華現代語言與文學、攝影 (人像、時裝、商業、數位/數碼、建築、抽象攝影) ，視覺藝術和影片製作。
Consultant and Translator at Eternal Life Consultants of Immigration and Translations Services, 10 March 2004 to present in London, United Kingdom:
consultants of immigration, translations, and legal services.
永生移民顧問翻譯服務社的移民諮詢顧問和翻譯：
移民事務，翻譯和法律服務。
Computer Hardware & Networking Engineer at Maa Office of Electrical Engineer, 8 March 2004 to present in London, United Kingdom:
Computer Engineering and Network Services. Repairing of Motherboards, Monitors, Power Supplies, CD-ROM Drives; UPS, Hard Disk Drives, H.D.D Data Recovery; BIOS Programming, and all types of Computer Hardware and Software Solutions.
計算機工程和網絡服務。維修主機板，顯示器，電源供應器，光碟機/光盘驱动器，不斷電系統，硬碟/硬盘，硬盤數據恢復，基本輸入輸出系統編程，以及所有類型的電腦/計算機硬體/硬件和軟體/軟件解決方案。
Film Director & Photographer at Photographer and Film Director (Shapely), 2 April 2007 to present in London, United Kingdom:
1) Photo, Video and Film Production; 2) Graphic Design, Web Design, Social Networking, Social Media and Advertising; 3) Architectural Design and Interior Design.
www.facebook.com/filmshapely/info
Reformer and Philosopher at Taiwanese Social Reformer and Philosopher, 7 April 2012 (location: Los Angeles, California) to present in London, United Kingdom:
Social Reform in Taiwan
www.facebook.com/twreform/info
《魂韻》(衿契吐蕊) - 馬天亮22歲寫的電影原著。TianLiang Maa (Theophilus Raynsford Mann) wrote “Hun Yun” (Jin Qi Tu Rui), scenario original “The Soul’s Sentimentalizing” © 1980, 1981, 1983, was at the age of 22.
Website
mtltwp.pixnet.net/album/set/1265174
photo.roodo.com/photos/mtltwp/albums/small/100469.html
Sonate Nr. 1 C-dur op. 3 für Klavier (piano) by Theophilus Raynsford Mann (TianLiang Maa 馬天亮) © 1977, © 1980, © 1981, © 1983. The Sonate composed on 3rd April 1977 then Maa was 18-year-old. The work was published in 1980; the theme was based on “The Soul's Sentimentalizing”.
Website
LINKS:
University of California, Berkeley
berkeley.worldcat.org/search?q=Ma%2C+Tianliang&dblist...
berkeley.worldcat.org/title/hun-yun/oclc/813684284?refere...
oskicat.berkeley.edu/record=b11283690~S1
University of Michigan
mirlyn.lib.umich.edu/Record/006237256
catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/006237256
WorldCat® Identities
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National Bibliographic Information Network (NBINet)
nbinet3.ncl.edu.tw/search~S10?/a%7bu99AC%7d%7bu5929%7d%7b...
192.83.186.170/search*cht/a%E9%A6%AC%E5%A4%A9%E4%BA%AE
National Yang Ming University 國立陽明大學
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National Taiwan University of Science and Technology 國立臺灣科技大學
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國家圖書館 期刊文獻資訊網, 臺灣期刊論文索引
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聲音藝術的審美角度, 大學雜誌, 天然
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為文化中心把脈, 幼獅文藝
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科學家與守財奴, 中國地方自治
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Japan Photos and Pictures
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University of California, Berkeley period
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University of Michigan period
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University of Oxford period
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University of Glamorgan period
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University of Huddersfield period
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art galleries uk
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Mitrasites system
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articles.whmsoft
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German
www.wer-ist.org/person/Jin_Mann
www.pediatr.org.tw/DB/News/file/1913-1.pdf
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U.S. Army Africa commander meets South African military leaders
By Rick Scavetta, U.S. Army Africa
VICENZA, Italy – Shortly after Maj. Gen. William B. Garrett III’s aircraft touched down at Johannesburg’s Tambo International Airport, he was shaking hands with Brig. Gen. Chris Gildenhuys, commanding general of the South African Army Armour Formation. The two officers last met in Monterey, Calif., during a July 2009 bi-lateral conference sponsored by the U.S. military.
In a sign of U.S. Army Africa’s growing relationship with South Africa, it was now South Africa’s turn to host the commander of U.S. Army Africa.
“Organizations don’t collaborate, people do,” Garrett said. “This visit is an invaluable opportunity to strengthen the relationship between our Army and the South African Army.”
On March 7th, Garrett flew to South Africa for a weeklong tour, marking his first visit to that country. In the days to follow, Gildenhuys escorted Garrett to meet South Africa’s senior army leaders and tour South Africa’s key military installations near Pretoria, Bloemfontein and Cape Town.
In Pretoria, Garrett stopped at the U.S. Embassy to meet with U.S. Ambassador Donald H. Gips and the Deputy Chief of Mission, Ambassador Helen La Lime. Then, at South Africa’s army headquarters, Garrett spoke with Lt. Gen. Solly Zacharia Shoke, chief of the South Africa’s army, about transformation efforts underway in South Africa’s army. Garrett shared recent accomplishments of U.S. Army Africa soldiers and civilians, who work with the land forces of many African nations to strengthen mutual security capacity and capabilities.
At South Africa’s Joint Operations Headquarters, Garrett met with Rear Admiral Phillip Schoultz, Director General for Joint Operations and Acting Chief for Joint Operations who discussed his nation’s peacekeeping efforts. Afterward, Garrett met with officers at the South African Army College. While visiting the 43rd South African Brigade headquarters, Garrett met with Brig. Gen. Lawrence Smith and observed preparation for training under the U.S. State Department-led African Contingency Operations Training and Assistance program. Then, Garrett stopped at South Africa’s army engineer formation headquarters for a series of information briefings.
“We have a lot to learn from the South African Army,” Garrett said. “We will use that knowledge to update the U.S. Army’s training and doctrine while enhancing interoperability between our forces.”
The next day, Garrett flew from Waterkloof Air Force Base on Pretoria’s outskirts to Bloemspruit Air Force Base near Bloemfontein. He toured South Africa’s armor school and visited the 44th Parachute Regiment. From Bloemfontein, Garrett flew to Ysterplaat Air Force Based near Cape Town to learn more about South Africa’s reserve forces at Fort Ikapa , followed by a visit to South Africa’s joint tactical headquarters at Western Cape.
U.S. Army Africa has already seen how senior leader engagements can quickly develop into beneficial training opportunities.
In March 2009, Command Sgt. Maj. Earl Rice – then U.S. Army Africa’s senior enlisted leader – visited South Africa’s Special Forces headquarters, a visit conducted with representatives from the U.S. Army Ranger Training Brigade. Within a few weeks, U.S. soldiers got a taste of hardcore South African special forces training. Three Army NCOs underwent a grueling three-week survival course in the South African bush, learning valuable lessons on adapting to the harsh environment, maintaining endurance and overcoming nearly insurmountable challenges—tools they carried back to their units.
Meanwhile, U.S. Army Africa is increasing its capacity building efforts in Africa through a continuing series of senior leader engagements, part of the command’s strategy to expand cooperative relationships and develop enduring partnerships across the continent. Senior leader engagements are a traditional tool used by Army leaders to enhance capacity building efforts.
Leaders use these engagements to gain better regional understanding and insights while encouraging follow-on initiatives such as military-to-military familiarization events and combined exercises and training opportunities.
In July 2009, Garrett was among several U.S. Department of Defense leaders who sat down with South African Ministry of Defense officers during the 11th annual U.S.-RSA Defense Committee meeting in Monterey. While at the bi-lateral conference, military leaders discussed policy, familiarization events, military support to combating HIV/AIDS, plus education and training opportunities for military members.
Several military-to-military familiarization events in 2010 are already being planned, in coordination with U.S. military officers at the U.S. Embassy in South Africa. These events include officer and NCO professional development activities, a leader exchange program, and various engagement activities including military medicine, military police, facilities management and helicopter operations.
The New York National Guard leads cooperative military efforts with South Africa under the State Partnership Program. Upcoming SPP engagements include events involving senior enlisted leaders, military police and chaplains.
“This visit will strengthen the relationship with our South African colleagues,” Garrett said. “Our task now is to expand this relationship into an enduring partnership between the U.S. Army and the South African Army.”
PHOTOS by Capt. Thomas Laney, U.S. Army Africa
To learn more about U.S. Army Africa visit our official website at www.usaraf.army.mil
Official Twitter Feed: www.twitter.com/usarmyafrica
Official YouTube video channel: www.youtube.com/usarmyafrica
People young and old gather at the Exhibition centre in Doha, Qatar to learn about Hajj and other aspects of Islam less than a week before the start of the annual Muslim pilgrimage to Mecca.
Photo by Omar Chatriwala
On Sunday, November 27, 2016 two Venturer Companies came out for an introduction to Judo at the Burnaby Judo Club. Great fun was had, bodies were thrown, and on Monday, some tired, happy teenagers will wake up feeling a bit like a truck hit them :)
In the Machine Learning Studio, visitors can use computer vision and machine learning applications to discover how machines learn and perceive their environment. Working with tech trainers, they can build and train self-driving model cars here, program robots with facial recognition, and gain insights into how they can teach these devices a wide variety of activities. Step-by-step, they can experience not only how these technologies function, but also that everything the machines know is determined by us.
The Machine Learning Studio not only offers insights into the hidden inner life of our learning devices—it is also a place where prototypes and objects can be maintained or repaired by the tech trainers, and museum procedures are revealed that are usually kept behind the scenes.
Credit: vog.photo
if you don't like to constantly learn something new, do not choose psychology when you go to uni. If you do, be prepare to attend lots of seminars, buy expensive textbooks, etc. On top of that, the cost of postgraduate degree for psychology is roughly equal to 4 Nikon D3x(s) or maybe even more. But of course a successful psychologist usually earns a lot of money .. :)
Tried to dry some cherry tomatoes in the oven today. Used a recipe I found on Martha Stewart's web site. Realized too late that my oven was about 125 degrees hotter than the dial said!
Believe I'll just buy these from now on.
Oct. 5th and spending afternoon learning about Krita brushes which come with 106 default brushes. And learning to use my new graphics tablet.
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Teachers from Tapestry Charter School, Buffalo, NY, were welcomed by MAJ Michele Busby, Buffalo District deputy district commander, and given an overview of the Corps of Engineers and the Buffalo District, September 4, 2014. During the two day science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) training, teachers visited Mount Morris Dam and Niagara Falls Storage Site. Teachers were able to talk with Buffalo District team members, who are applying STEM concepts daily, so they can apply those examples in the classroom and help better teach their students.
This card incorporates several new to me techniques ~ vintage paper collage and masking.
I combined a page of aged sheet music, aged book text, Hero Arts Old French Writing (H2365) stamped on the margins of the aged pages, a map index, and electric design drawings to create my collage background.
I sponged around the Heidi Swapp butterfly masks and finished with a clear sentiment sticker.
My card is inspired by this gorgeous Golondrinas on a Wire from LAMA:
www.heroarts.com/products/productInfo.cfm?ItemNo=H2365&am...
My corner of blogland: ingeniousinkling.typepad.com/