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The Kunštát Castle is a national monument in Kunštát, Czech Republic, founded early 1380
"Bouzov Castle (originally Búzov) stands in the village of the same name southwest of the town of Loštice in central-western Moravia. It gives the impression of a well-preserved medieval monument, but its current appearance comes from a romantic reconstruction from the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries. The castle is the property of the Czech Republic and its management is ensured by the National Institute of Monuments. It has been protected as a cultural monument since 1964 and in 1999 was inscribed on the list of national cultural monuments. It is among the ten most visited castles in the Czech Republic and is a popular location for filmmakers.
The castle was probably built at the turn of the 13th and 14th centuries, its first documented owner was "Búz z Bouzov" (Buzo von Buzowe, Buso de Busow) in the years 1317-1339. From the middle of the 14th century, it was owned by the lords of Vildenberk, who sold it to Margrave Jošt in 1382. In 1396, Jošt left it to the lords of Kunštát, who modified and fortified the castle. This family owned the castle for approximately 70 years, after which several owners took turns in its possession, one of the most important ones being the Haugvic family from Biskupice. The history of the Moravian line of the Haugvics from Biskupice began to be written in 1494, when Jan (Hanuš) Haugvic from Biskupice bought Bouzov Castle. In 1502, he received from King Vladislav Jagiellonian promotion to the status of a Bohemian manor for himself and his descendants for faithful service. He died here at the end of 1524, and the castle was then held by his heirs.
During the Thirty Years' War, Bouzov served as an imperial fortress and a prison for Swedish prisoners. The castle served as a manor almost until the end of the 17th century. In 1649, the castle was bought by Eugenie Podstatská from Prusinovice, her son sold it to the Order of the Teutonic Knights in 1696. However, they did not live in Bouzova and left it partly to fall into disrepair. After the end of World War I and the disintegration of Austria-Hungary, Rádu Castle was confiscated by the newly established Czechoslovak Republic. On November 4, 1918, the castle was occupied by Czechoslovak troops. This act was prompted by the fact that the interior of the castle belonged to Archduke Eugene of Austria-Tiesin from a minor branch of the Habsburgs, and after the collapse of the monarchy, the property of the Habsburgs in the new state was confiscated. The Czechoslovak army left the castle only in 1923, which was helped by the voluntary resignation of Archduke Evžen from the post of Grand Master of the Teutonic Knights and the decision of the International Court of Justice in The Hague, which established that the Order is an international spiritual and charitable institution and therefore its property is not subject to confiscation.
In 1929, President Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk visited the castle together with Prime Minister František Udržal and Minister of the Interior Jan Černý. They were also welcomed at the castle by the Grand Master of the German Order of the Virgin Mary of Jerusalem and the Bishop of Brno, Norbert Jan Nepomucký Klein. The Order later bought Evžen's property and inventory back from the Czechoslovak state so that the collections were preserved as a whole.
The castle belonged to the Order until 1939, when it was confiscated by the Nazis, specifically the SS units, which had their base in the castle, from which they made raids into the surrounding area - the last action of the SS units was the burning of the village of Javoříčko and the murder of 38 men aged from 15 up to 76 years. After World War II, the castle was confiscated by the Czechoslovak state. It is still in state administration, the efforts of the Order of the Teutonic Knights to return the castle have not yet been successful.
The Order of the Teutonic Knights (now the Teutonic Order) took steps to restore Bouzov Castle even in 2016. The castle also served (outside of the WWII period) as the Order's museum, and in the event of its restoration, the monument would continue to serve its purpose and would be accessible to the public.
Bouzov (Bózov in Hanác, Busau in German) is a village located in the Olomouc district. Approximately 1,600 inhabitants live here. Its cadastral territory has an area of 4231 ha. Bouzov Castle is located in the village.
The name of the village comes from the personal name Búz, a variant of the name Bud, which were domestic forms of some name containing -bud- (such as Budislav, Budimér, Techobud). The original meaning of the local name was "Búz's property".
The first written mention of the village dates from 1317.
In the local brewery (belonging to the Order of the Teutonic Knights at that time), the son Wenzl Franz was born to brewer Ernst Czech on April 10, 1799 at No. 21, who also trained as a brewer and later worked as a brewer in the brewery of the Order of the Teutonic Knights in Horní Dlouhá Loučka (on the Sovinice estate). His son Emil Czech, later an academic painter, was born there at No. 39 on October 17, 1862.
In the 1930s, the famous architect Bohuslav Fuchs designed the general and burgher school for Bouzov.
Moravia (Czech: Morava [ˈmorava]; German: Mähren) is a historical region in the east of the Czech Republic and one of three historical Czech lands, with Bohemia and Czech Silesia.
The medieval and early modern Margraviate of Moravia was a crown land of the Lands of the Bohemian Crown from 1348 to 1918, an imperial state of the Holy Roman Empire from 1004 to 1806, a crown land of the Austrian Empire from 1804 to 1867, and a part of Austria-Hungary from 1867 to 1918. Moravia was one of the five lands of Czechoslovakia founded in 1918. In 1928 it was merged with Czech Silesia, and then dissolved in 1948 during the abolition of the land system following the communist coup d'état.
Its area of 22,623.41 km2 is home to about 3.2 million of the Czech Republic's 10.8 million inhabitants. The people are historically named Moravians, a subgroup of Czechs, the other group being called Bohemians. The land takes its name from the Morava river, which runs from its north to south, being its principal watercourse. Moravia's largest city and historical capital is Brno. Before being sacked by the Swedish army during the Thirty Years' War, Olomouc served as the Moravian capital, and it is still the seat of the Archdiocese of Olomouc. Until the expulsions after 1945, significant parts of Moravia were German speaking." - info from Wikipedia.
Summer 2019 I did a solo cycling tour across Europe through 12 countries over the course of 3 months. I began my adventure in Edinburgh, Scotland and finished in Florence, Italy cycling 8,816 km. During my trip I took 47,000 photos.
Now on Instagram.
House of the Lords of Kunštát.
From a distance, the sculpture looks like a soft pillow or balloon. In fact, it's made of metal.
Na pierwszy rzut oka ta rzeźba wygląda jak miękka poduszka lub balon. W rzeczywistości zrobiona jest z metalu.
Na první pohled to vypadá jako měkké plastiky polštáři nebo balonu. Ve skutečnosti to je vyrobena z kovu.
Kunštát (Orlické Záhoří) - rybník "Pod kostelem
Östlich des Hauptkamms des Adlergebirges (Orlické hory) verläuft die Wilde Adler (Divoká Orlice) in einer „Erlitztal“ genannten breiten Talwanne die nach Osten hin vom Habelschwerdter Gebirge (Góry Bystrzyckie) begrenzt wird. Beidseits der hier verlaufende Grenze zwischen Polen und Tschechien (früher zwischen Böhmen und der Grafschaft Glatz) entstanden in einer Höhenlage von um die 700 m mehrere Siedlungen, die auf tschechischer Seite zur Gemeinde Orlické Záhoří zusammengefasst wurden. Als erste Siedlung in diesem Teil des Adlergebirges entstand ab 1572 Kronstat (Kunštát), welches von deutschsprachigen Waldarbeitern angelegt wurde. Da hier bereits im Jahr 1612 eine hölzerne Kirche errichtet worden war, wurde Kronstadt ab 170 zum zentralen Kirchort für alle umliegenden Siedlungen. 1754-63 wurde dementsprechend eine repräsentative steinerne Kirche errichtet, die dem Heiligen Täufer Johannes geweiht ist. Aufgrund der Tatsache, dass die Herrschaft Glatz in Folge des Siebenjährigen Krieges an Preußen gefallen war, kam es 1780 zur Abtrennung der östlich der Wilden Adler gelegenen Dörfer von der hiesigen Pfarrstelle.
Kunštát (Orlické Záhoří) - Kostel sv. Jana Křtitele
Östlich des Hauptkamms des Adlergebirges (Orlické hory) verläuft die Wilde Adler (Divoká Orlice) in einer „Erlitztal“ genannten breiten Talwanne die nach Osten hin vom Habelschwerdter Gebirge (Góry Bystrzyckie) begrenzt wird. Beidseits der hier verlaufende Grenze zwischen Polen und Tschechien (früher zwischen Böhmen und der Grafschaft Glatz) entstanden in einer Höhenlage von um die 700 m mehrere Siedlungen, die auf tschechischer Seite zur Gemeinde Orlické Záhoří zusammengefasst wurden. Als erste Siedlung in diesem Teil des Adlergebirges entstand ab 1572 Kronstat (Kunštát), welches von deutschsprachigen Waldarbeitern angelegt wurde. Da hier bereits im Jahr 1612 eine hölzerne Kirche errichtet worden war, wurde Kronstadt ab 170 zum zentralen Kirchort für alle umliegenden Siedlungen. 1754-63 wurde dementsprechend eine repräsentative steinerne Kirche errichtet, die dem Heiligen Täufer Johannes geweiht ist. Aufgrund der Tatsache, dass die Herrschaft Glatz in Folge des Siebenjährigen Krieges an Preußen gefallen war, kam es 1780 zur Abtrennung der östlich der Wilden Adler gelegenen Dörfer von der hiesigen Pfarrstelle.
Der Hauptkamm des Adlergebirges erstreckt sich von der Hohen Mense (Vrchmezí) im Norden bis zum Ernestinenberg (Anenský vrch) im Süden über etwa 20 km bei einer vergleichsweise einheitlichen Höhenlage zwischen 1100 und 1000 m über NN. Über den Kamm verläuft ein über weite Strecken schnurgerader Wanderweg, der früher volkstümlich „Armesünderstraße“ genannt wurde. Auf dem langgestreckten Rücken des Kronstädter Berges sieht man in der Flucht des Weges bereits von Weitem ein ungewöhnliches Bauwerk. Es handelt sich um die kreisrunde Kronstädter Kapelle (Kunštátská kaple), welche von den deutschsprachigen Einheimischen „Puuschkopalle“ genannt wurde und wegen des geschnitzten Altarbildes auch als „Mariä Heimsuchung“ (Navštívení Panny Marie) bezeichnet wird.
Die Wallfahrten fanden dementsprechend jährlich am ersten Sonntag nach dem Mariä Heimsuchung-Tag (2. Juli) statt. Noch vor dem Ersten Weltkrieg kamen große Menschenmengen zusammen, wobei über den Standort der Kapelle auch allerlei Sagen umgingen. Obwohl ein östlich des Berges gelegenes Dorf den Namen Kronstadt trug (heute tsch. Kunštát), glaubte man, das die Kapelle auf dem Berge der Rest einer eingegangenen großen Stadt sei. Tatsächlich ist über den Ursprung der Kronstädter Kapelle nichts Konkretes bekannt, allerdings wird angenommen, dass sie an einem hier seit dem Mittelalter den Gebirgskamm querenden Weg entstand. Belegt ist, dass 1670/71 eine hölzerne Kapelle für die aus Tirol ins Adergebirge gerufenen Waldarbeiter erbaut wurde. Die heutige Kapelle entstand 1869 als Ersatz für eine wegen Baufälligkeit abgetragene steinerne Kapelle die bereist 1831 errichtet worden war.
Nach der Vertreibung der deutschen Bewohner verwahrloste die Kapelle. Aus Schutz vor weiteren Plünderungen wurde die letzte erhaltene Plastik 1960 in die Kirche des Dorfes Stiebnitz (Zdobnice) verbracht. Nach der Restaurierung und im Jahr 2005 erfolgenden Weihe wurde diese Pieta wieder in der Kapelle platziert.
Der Hauptkamm des Adlergebirges erstreckt sich von der Hohen Mense (Vrchmezí) im Norden bis zum Ernestinenberg (Anenský vrch) im Süden über etwa 20 km bei einer vergleichsweise einheitlichen Höhenlage zwischen 1100 und 1000 m über NN. Über den Kamm verläuft ein über weite Strecken schnurgerader Wanderweg, der früher volkstümlich „Armesünderstraße“ genannt wurde. Auf dem langgestreckten Rücken des Kronstädter Berges sieht man in der Flucht des Weges bereits von Weitem ein ungewöhnliches Bauwerk. Es handelt sich um die kreisrunde Kronstädter Kapelle (Kunštátská kaple), welche von den deutschsprachigen Einheimischen „Puuschkopalle“ genannt wurde und wegen des geschnitzten Altarbildes auch als „Mariä Heimsuchung“ (Navštívení Panny Marie) bezeichnet wird.
Die Wallfahrten fanden dementsprechend jährlich am ersten Sonntag nach dem Mariä Heimsuchung-Tag (2. Juli) statt. Noch vor dem Ersten Weltkrieg kamen große Menschenmengen zusammen, wobei über den Standort der Kapelle auch allerlei Sagen umgingen. Obwohl ein östlich des Berges gelegenes Dorf den Namen Kronstadt trug (heute tsch. Kunštát), glaubte man, das die Kapelle auf dem Berge der Rest einer eingegangenen großen Stadt sei. Tatsächlich ist über den Ursprung der Kronstädter Kapelle nichts Konkretes bekannt, allerdings wird angenommen, dass sie an einem hier seit dem Mittelalter den Gebirgskamm querenden Weg entstand. Belegt ist, dass 1670/71 eine hölzerne Kapelle für die aus Tirol ins Adergebirge gerufenen Waldarbeiter erbaut wurde. Die heutige Kapelle entstand 1869 als Ersatz für eine wegen Baufälligkeit abgetragene steinerne Kapelle die bereist 1831 errichtet worden war.
Nach der Vertreibung der deutschen Bewohner verwahrloste die Kapelle. Aus Schutz vor weiteren Plünderungen wurde die letzte erhaltene Plastik 1960 in die Kirche des Dorfes Stiebnitz (Zdobnice) verbracht. Nach der Restaurierung und im Jahr 2005 erfolgenden Weihe wurde diese Pieta wieder in der Kapelle platziert.
Bedřichovka (Orlické Záhoří) - Kaplička sv. Václava
Östlich des Hauptkamms des Adlergebirges (Orlické hory) verläuft die Wilde Adler (Divoká Orlice) in einer „Erlitztal“ genannten breiten Talwanne die nach Osten hin vom Habelschwerdter Gebirge (Góry Bystrzyckie) begrenzt wird. Beidseits der hier verlaufende Grenze zwischen Polen und Tschechien (früher zwischen Böhmen und der Grafschaft Glatz) entstanden in einer Höhenlage von um die 700 m mehrere Siedlungen, die auf tschechischer Seite zur Gemeinde Orlické Záhoří zusammengefasst wurden. Als erste Siedlung in diesem Teil des Adlergebirges entstand ab 1572 Kronstat (Kunštát), welches von deutschsprachigen Waldarbeitern angelegt wurde. Da hier bereits im Jahr 1612 eine hölzerne Kirche errichtet worden war, wurde Kronstadt ab 170 zum zentralen Kirchort für alle umliegenden Siedlungen. 1754-63 wurde dementsprechend eine repräsentative steinerne Kirche errichtet, die dem Heiligen Täufer Johannes geweiht ist. Aufgrund der Tatsache, dass die Herrschaft Glatz in Folge des Siebenjährigen Krieges an Preußen gefallen war, kam es 1780 zur Abtrennung der östlich der Wilden Adler gelegenen Dörfer von der hiesigen Pfarrstelle.
Friedrichswald (Bedřichovka) geht auf eine Glashütte zurück, die im Jahr 1614 durch Johann Friedrich gegründet wurde, welcher bereits in der Grafschaft Glatz eine Glashütte betrieb. Die Kronstädter Glashütte war mit zahlreichen Rechten ausgestattet, wozu u.a. ein Kretscham gehörte. Auch nach der Verlagerung der Glasherstellung auf die gegenüberliegende Talseite nach Kaiserswalde (Lasówka) blieb die Siedlung bestehen. Nach der Vertreibung der 300 deutschen Bewohner am Ende des 2. Weltkrieges blieb Friedrichswald nahezu unbewohnt, während heute viele der noch erhaltenen Häuser als Ferienobjekte genutzt werden.
The bust on the facade of this Art Nouveau building is Jiří z Poděbrad, also known as George of Poděbrady, who was king of Bohemia in the 15th century. I am guessing his presence on the building is due to a resurgence in Czech nationalism at the turn of the 20th century.
The square on which this building is located is also named after Poděbrad.
Wikipedia says:
George of Kunštát and Poděbrady (23 April 1420 – 22 March 1471), also known as Poděbrad or Podiebrad (Czech: Jiří z Poděbrad; German: Georg von Podiebrad), was King of Bohemia (1458–1471). He was a leader of the Hussites.
He is known for his idea and attempt to establish common European institutions. It is seen as the first historical vision of European unity.
George was the son of Victor of Munsterberg, a Bohemian nobleman, one of the leaders of the Utraquists, the more moderate faction of the Hussites during the Hussite Wars.
At the age of fourteen, George himself took part in the Battle of Lipany, which marked the downfall of the more radical Taborites.
Early in life, as one of the leaders of the Hussite party, he defeated the Austrian troops of the King Albert II, who had succeeded King Sigismund as King of Bohemia, Germany and Hungary. Jiří soon became a prominent member of the Hussite party, and after the death of Hynce Ptáček of Pirkstein, its leader.
King Albert was succeeded by his posthumously born son Ladislaus, during whose reign Bohemia was divided into two parties: the party faithful to Rome, led by Oldřich of Rosenberg (1403–1462), and the Hussite party, led by George.
After various attempts at reconciliation, George sought a military decision. He gradually raised an armed force in north-eastern Bohemia, where the Hussites were strong and where his ancestral castle Litice was situated. In 1448, he marched this army, about 9000 strong, from Kutná Hora to Prague, and obtained possession of the capital almost without resistance.
Civil war broke out, but George succeeded in defeating the nobles who remained faithful to Rome. In 1451 the emperor Frederick III, as guardian of the young king Ladislaus, entrusted Poděbrad with the administration of Bohemia. In the same year a diet assembled at Prague also conferred the regency on George.
The struggle of the Hussites against the papal party continued uninterruptedly, and the position of George became a very difficult one when the young king Ladislaus, who was crowned in 1453, expressed his pro-Roman sympathies, though he had recognized the compacts and the ancient privileges of Bohemia. In 1457 King Ladislaus died suddenly and some voices accused George of having poisoned him. Research in 1985 gave acute leukemia as the cause of death.
On 2 March 1458 the estates of Bohemia unanimously chose George as king. Even the adherents of the papal party voted for him, some in honour of his moderate policies, some out of deference to popular feeling, which opposed the election of a foreign ruler.
George attempted to rule in a moderate manner based on the Compacta of Prague. He won the loyalty of some Catholics, but had to contend with the opposition of Pope Pius II, which proved one of the most serious obstacles to his rule. Pius declared the Compacta null and void in 1462 and wished George to consent to this. George rejected this demand but endeavoured to curry favour with the Roman See by punishing the more extreme Hussites.
George attempted to secure peace with Rome by a radical suggestion, which some consider to have been a proposal before its time of a European Union.[2][3] He proposed a treaty among all Christian powers, Hungary, Poland, Lands of Bohemian Crown, Bavaria, France, and Italy and its princes the founding members, but others, especially the Hispanic powers, joining later.
The member states would pledge to settle all differences by exclusively peaceful means. There was to be a common parliament and other common institutions. George couched the proposal in Christian terms ("Europe" is not explicitly mentioned) as a way to stop the "abominable Turk" who had conquered Constantinople in 1453. He sent Leo of Rozmital on a tour of European courts with a draft treaty of The message of peace to promote this idea. George hoped that the treaty would come into effect in 1464. It is seen as one of historical visions of European unity foreshadowing the European Union.[4]
That did not happen. All George's endeavours to establish peace with Rome proved ineffectual, although Pius II's plan of a crusade against Bohemia remained unexecuted.
After Pius' death in 1464, George attempted to negotiate with the new pope, Paul II, but Paul proved to be an equally determined opponent.
George made enemies among the nobles of the papal party, who assembled at Zelená Hora (Grüneberg) on 28 November 1465 to voice their grievances and conclude an alliance against the king.
This alliance was from the outset supported by Pope Paul II and on 23 December 1466 the Pope excommunicated George and pronounced his deposition as king of Bohemia, releasing all subjects of the Bohemian crown from their oaths of allegiance to George. Emperor Frederick III and the Hungarian king Matthias Corvinus, George's former ally, joined the insurgent Bohemian nobles, starting the Bohemian War. King Matthias conquered a large part of Moravia, and was crowned by the papal party in the Moravian ecclesiastical metropolis Olomouc as king of Bohemia on 3 May 1469.
George was successful against Matthias but, contrary to the wishes of his followers, came to an agreement with the Hungarian king in 1470.
He died on 22 March 1471 and his followers chose Vladislaus II, the son of the Polish king, as his successor to continue the fight against Matthias.
During the World War I, early in 1917, was created 2nd Czechoslovak Rifle Regiment of the Czechoslovak legions in Russia and named after "King George of Podebrady".[5]
A not much known country chateau, which after some archaelogical research instantly became the oldest castle in Moravia. It´s origins are romanesque, the original castle was founded in early 13th Century. It underwent periodical modernizations, the actual look came through a classicist rebuild in 1800. It was nationalized in 1948 and served as a depository of the Moravian land archive. It was opened to the public in 2005, restoration works still continues. In 2015 after the removing of old plaster in the knight hall, original 14th Century figural paintings depicting the life of knights were found and completely recovered. Also after removal of old ugly wooden parquets, beautiful original inlaid parquets were uncovered, the oldest ones in central Europe.
A not much known country chateau, which after some archaelogical research instantly became the oldest castle in Moravia. It´s origins are romanesque, the original castle was founded in early 13th Century. It underwent periodical modernizations, the actual look came through a classicist rebuild in 1800. It was nationalized in 1948 and served as a depository of the Moravian land archive. It was opened to the public in 2005, restoration works still continues. In 2015 after the removing of old plaster in the knight hall, original 14th Century figural paintings depicting the life of knights were found and completely recovered. Also after removal of old ugly wooden parquets, beautiful original inlaid parquets were uncovered, the oldest ones in central Europe.
A not much known country chateau, which after some archaelogical research instantly became the oldest castle in Moravia. It´s origins are romanesque, the original castle was founded in early 13th Century. It underwent periodical modernizations, the actual look came through a classicist rebuild in 1800. It was nationalized in 1948 and served as a depository of the Moravian land archive. It was opened to the public in 2005, restoration works still continues. In 2015 after the removing of old plaster in the knight hall, original 14th Century figural paintings depicting the life of knights were found and completely recovered. Also after removal of old ugly wooden parquets, beautiful original inlaid parquets were uncovered, the oldest ones in central Europe.
Bouzov Castle (Czech: Hrad Bouzov) is an early 14th-century fortress first mentioned in 1317. It was built on a hill between the village of Hvozdek and the town of Bouzov, 21 km west of Litovel and 28 km northwest of Olomouc, in Moravia, Czech Republic. The castle has been used in a number of film productions lately, including Arabela, Fantaghirò, and Before the Fall.
Bouzov was established at the turn of the 14th century with the purpose to watch over the trade route from Olomouc to Loštice.Ownership of the castles was then changed, and the Lords of Kunštát were among the most important medieval owners. According to tradition, the Bouzov castle is often connected with name of the most famous member of this noble dynasty, Jiří z Poděbrady was born in Bouzov in 1420 and was crowned Czech King in 1458.
In 1696 the barony was bought by the grand master of the Teutonic Order, the Rhenish palsgrave Fanciscus Ludovicus.
The castle gained today's appearance after massive Neo-gothic reconstruction between 1895 and 1910. The Grand Master of the Order of the Teutonic Knights from 1799 to 1939, archduke Eugen Habsburg, decided to rebuilt it in the Romantic, predoninantly Neo-Gothic style, according to the plans of the prominent architects of its time Georg von Hauberisser (1841–1922) of the Munich Polytechnic University; he was the author of Munich and Saarbrücken's town-halls, and also very influential as builder of churches like the St. Paul's church in Munich.
The order was abolished in 1939 and the castle was confiscated by the fascists, occupied and looted by the Nazis during the WW II. The castle was acquired by the Chief of the Gestapo R. Himmler, who forced the Strahov Monastery to sell it to him for one million crowns, as a present to A. Hitler. Hauberrisser's reconstruction of the Bouzov castle is unique in the was given tocontext of European romantic architecture. After 1989 the Order of Teutonic Knights expressed an interest in the castle, but their request to have it returned to them has so far been rejected.
Šilinger Square
The Brno ramparts with their almost fithy towers and bastions were first mentioned in written documents dating from 1243 and 1247, and once had five gats. One of these was the Brno Gate, which once stood on this site of today's Šilinger Square, and which was demolished in 1852. Whilst the gate has disappeared without trace, behind the building of the School of Applied Art at number 10 Husova Street, fragments of the medieval city walls have been preserved together with sections of the square bastions. The dominant feature of Šilinger Square is the neo-Renaissance City Court Palace. On the corner of Starobrněnská and Dominikánská Streets once stood the city brewery; today this is commemorated by a memorial plaque to František Ondřej Poupě (1733-1805), who brought new technological methods into the world of brewing and is considered to be the founder of the first master brewer's school. The passageway between Starobrněnská and Dominikánská Streets lead to the Velký Špalíček (Large Bundle of Sticks) shopping centre, which stands on the site of the historical block of medieval houses on Starobrněnská, Dominikánská and Mečová Streets, all of which are interconnected, which together make a unit that is known as the Velký Špalíček. In the close vicinity of the new complex has been preserved the Renaissance House of the Lords of Kunštát, where in 1708 a market hall with forty-five shops, known as the Schmetterhaus, was established. The courtyard with its arcades and galleries made trade possible even during poor weather conditions. The memorial plague on no. 6 Biskupská Street commemorates the childhood and youth of the Haas brothers - the composer Pavel (1899-1944 - Concentration Camp Auschwitz-Birkenau) and the well-known film actor Hugo (1901-1968).
Šilingerplatz
Die Brünner Stadtbefestigung, die bereits für die Jahre 1243 und 1247 schriftlich belegt ist, umfasste fast fünfzig Türme und Bastionen sowie fünf Tore. Eines davon war das Brünner Tor, das im Bereich des heutigen Šilingerplatzes stand und erst 1852 abgerissen wurde. Während das Tor spurlos verschwunden ist, haben sich Fragmente der mittelalterlichen Stadtmauer mit einem Teil einer prismatischen Bastei hinter dem Gebäude der Kunstgewerbeschule in der Straße Husova 10 erhalten. Den Šilingerplatz dominiert der sogenannte Stadthof im Stil der Neo-Renaissance. An der Ecke der Straßen Starobrněnská and Dominikánská befand sich die städtische Brauerei; heute erinnert an sie eine Gedenktafel für František Ondřej Poupě (1733-1805), der neue Verfahren in das Brauereiwesen einführte und als Gründer der ersten Mälzer- und Bierbrauerschule gilt. Die Passage zwischen den Straßen Starobrněnská and Dominikánská führt bis zum Einkaufszentrum Velký Špalíček, das an der Stelle eines mittelalterlichen Häuserblocks steht. In der unmittelbaren Nachbarschaft des neuen Komplexes hat sich das Renaissancehaus der Herren von Kunštát erhalten, wo 1708 das sogenannte Schmetterhaus, ein Markthaus mit 45 Läden, entstand. Der Hof mit seinem Arkaden und Laubengängen ermöglichte des Handelsverkehr auch bei ungünstigem Wetter. Eine Gedenktafel am Haus an der Straße Biskupská Nr. 6. erinnert an die Kindheit und Jugend der Brüder Haas - Pavel Haas war Komponist (1899-1944 - Konzentrationslager Auschwitz-Birkenau), sein Bruder Hugo ein berühmter Filmschauspieler (1901-1968).
Bouzov Castle (Czech: Hrad Bouzov) is an early 14th-century fortress first mentioned in 1317.[1] It was built on a hill between the village of Hvozdek and the town of Bouzov, 21 kilometres (13 mi) west of Litovel and 28 kilometres (17 mi) northwest of Olomouc, in Moravia, Czech Republic. The castle has been used in a number of film productions lately, including Arabela, Fantaghirò, and Before the Fall.
History
Owners
Bouzov was established at the turn of the 14th century with the purpose to watch over the trade route from Olomouc to Loštice. The minor aristocratic Bůz of Bludovec family were its first recorded owners from 1317 to 1339.[2] The castle also takes its name from the family. Ownership of the castles was then changed, and the Lords of Kunštát were among the most important medieval owners. According to tradition, the Bouzov castle is often connected with name of the most famous member of this noble dynasty, Jiří z Poděbrady was born in Bouzov in 1420 and was crowned Czech King in 1458. His original title was Jiří of Kunštát and Bouzov. In 1558 the castle burned down, and lost much of its majestic quality. In the course of centuries there were several changes of proprietors; the castle was owned by the lords of Vildenberk, margrave Jošt, the Haugvic and the Pod Štatský families, and in 1696 the barony was bought by the grand master of the Teutonic Order, the Rhenish palsgrave Fanciscus Ludovicus.
Vildenberks period
As various noble families changed possession of Bouzov, in a similar way also its appearance was changed from an early gothic castle to a Renaissance style. In the time of the lords of Bouzov, the castle played mostly a defensive and guarding role. It probably consisted of a tower and rampart and wooden dwelling houses. The Vildenberks built a stony manor on the western side which was taller than the rampart. Already in the 14th century the castle was significantly widened - a settlement with outhouses was constructed with a ditch and circumvallation, rampart with a 200-foot-high (61 m tall) watchtower and a moat wall built around the castle. During the rule of the Kunštát family, the manor was fortified with a new connected rampart with two bastions, and the moat wall was rebuilt with five round bastions. Later a round gun-bastion was erected and the tallest watchtower was repaired.
From the 15th to 19th century
In 1408 the castle passed into the hands of Viktorin of Bouzov. In 1499 the Haugvics started the construction of a palace on the eastern side and connected the northern and southern dwelling building. In the first half of the 15th century it was converted into a Hussite stronghold, serving as a prison for captured Swedes during the Thirty Years war. In the second half of the 16th century the castle burned out and remained uninhabited.
About a hundred years later, the reconstruction of the castle began again with the remodeling of the southern wing. At that time the castle had already lost its defensive function and became an utterly dwelling object. With the arrival of the Teutonic Order, during the 18th century the castle also lost this function. Only the building in the outer settlement remained inhabited, and by the end of the 19th century the ruin of the castle became a tourist goal.
From the 15th to 19th century
In 1408 the castle passed into the hands of Viktorin of Bouzov. In 1499 the Haugvics started the construction of a palace on the eastern side and connected the northern and southern dwelling building. In the first half of the 15th century it was converted into a Hussite stronghold, serving as a prison for captured Swedes during the Thirty Years war. In the second half of the 16th century the castle burned out and remained uninhabited.
About a hundred years later, the reconstruction of the castle began again with the remodeling of the southern wing. At that time the castle had already lost its defensive function and became an utterly dwelling object. With the arrival of the Teutonic Order, during the 18th century the castle also lost this function. Only the building in the outer settlement remained inhabited, and by the end of the 19th century the ruin of the castle became a tourist goal.
Description
An eight-storey watchtower, 58 metres (190 ft) high, dominates the complex. The buildings are grouped around it in the form of a horseshoe, and the castle is enhanced by a number of towers, and among other things, bastions, battlements, oriel windows and loopholes. The two long bridges, ending with a short drawbridge, span the deep dry moat around the castle. The knights' hall, armoury, which is in one of the few original rooms with preserved Gothic vaulting, bedrooms of the knights and a neo-gothic chapel with its Gothic altar and tombs occupy the central part of the castle. The valuable furniture comes from the private collection of Eugen von Habsburg and the collection of the Order of the Teutonic Knights. Since 1999 the castle has been a national monument
A not much known country chateau, which after some archaelogical research instantly became the oldest castle in Moravia. It´s origins are romanesque, the original castle was founded in early 13th Century. It underwent periodical modernizations, the actual look came through a classicist rebuild in 1800. It was nationalized in 1948 and served as a depository of the Moravian land archive. It was opened to the public in 2005, restoration works still continues. In 2015 after the removing of old plaster in the knight hall, original 14th Century figural paintings depicting the life of knights were found and completely recovered. Also after removal of old ugly wooden parquets, beautiful original inlaid parquets were uncovered, the oldest ones in central Europe.
House of the Lords of Kunštát and Poděbrady, 13th century/ Dom pánov z Kunštátu a Poděbrad, 13. storočie
A not much known country chateau, which after some archaelogical research instantly became the oldest castle in Moravia. It´s origins are romanesque, the original castle was founded in early 13th Century. It underwent periodical modernizations, the actual look came through a classicist rebuild in 1800. It was nationalized in 1948 and served as a depository of the Moravian land archive. It was opened to the public in 2005, restoration works still continues. In 2015 after the removing of old plaster in the knight hall, original 14th Century figural paintings depicting the life of knights were found and completely recovered. Also after removal of old ugly wooden parquets, beautiful original inlaid parquets were uncovered, the oldest ones in central Europe.