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Taj Mahal from Agra Fort.
Agra - Uttar Pradesh - India.
Video "AGRA FORT": youtu.be/y3mC94sb1kw
Video "TAJ MAHAL": youtu.be/N_lpxL7JRME
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Near the gardens of the Taj Mahal stands the important 16th-century Mughal monument known as the Red Fort of Agra. This powerful fortress of red sandstone encompasses, within its 2.5-km-long enclosure walls, the imperial city of the Mughal rulers. It comprises many fairy-tale palaces, such as the Jahangir Palace and the Khas Mahal, built by Shah Jahan; audience halls, such as the Diwan-i-Khas; and two very beautiful mosques.
Courtesy : Yahoo Travel
Agra Fort.
Agra - Uttar Pradesh - India.
Video "AGRA FORT": youtu.be/y3mC94sb1kw
Video "TAJ MAHAL": youtu.be/N_lpxL7JRME
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The marble Khas Mahal was the personal palace of the emperor, split into separate apartments for worship, sleeping and sitting.
Press "L" to view in Lightbox.
The marble Khas Mahal was the personal palace of the emperor, split into separate apartments for worship, sleeping and sitting.
Press "L" to view in Lightbox.
The marble Khas Mahal was the personal palace of the emperor, split into separate apartments for worship, sleeping and sitting.
Le Khas Mahal (1636) était le palais privé de Shah Jahan, ses femmes et filles y habitaient
Il est construit en marbre blanc et donnait d'un coté sur le fleuve Yamuna, de l'autre sur un jardin appelé l'Anguri Bagh (jardin des raisins ou jardin aux vignes)
Il est doté de deux pavillons adjacents à la toiture de cuivre
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Le fort rouge d'Agra est le plus grand fort de l'Inde. Il a été classé au patrimoine mondial de l'UNESCO en 1983. Il a été reconstruit par l'Empereur moghol Akbar (1542-1605, règne 1556-1605) lorsque Agra est devenue en 1558 la capitale de son royaume.
La forteresse est en grès rouge, elle renferme les palais des souverains moghols :
- Akbar, (1542-1605, règne 1556-1605)
- Jahangir, le fils d'Akbar (1569-1627, règne 1605-1627),
- Shah Jahan (1592-1666, règne 1628-1658), le fils de Jahangir et le bâtisseur du Taj Mahal,
- Aurangzeb (1618-1707, règne 1658-1707), le fils de Shah Jahan qui a emprisonné son père pour régner à sa place
mais aussi des salles d'audience, des mosquées,...
Article de Wikipedia sur le fort rouge d'Agra
fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fort_rouge_d%27%C4%80gr%C4%81
Fiche de l'UNESCO
Le fort d'Agra sur Insecula
www.insecula.com/musee/M0250.html
Portail de l'Empire moghol
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The marble Khas Mahal was the personal palace of the emperor, split into separate apartments for worship, sleeping and sitting.
Built by Shah Jehan between 1631-40, 'Khas Mahal' or 'Aramgah-i-Muqaddar' has river on the one side and Anguri Bagh on the other. Built for the two favorite daughters of Shah Jehan, Jahanara and Roshanara, it has a beautiful tank in front with fountains, white marble pavilions and open courts. The central hall or baradari and the adjoining colonnade or portico is almost of same size. The arched recesses of the main hall lead to the side rooms. The richly ornamented ceilings of the palace are flat and the complex has stylishly carved and molded brackets. The niches in the walls are believed to have contained portraits of Mughal emperors while the iron rings in the roof of the central hall were meant for the chandeliers. It is believed that Jahanara lived in the northern one of the two almost identical pavilions separated from the central hall by a high marble wall. These red sand stone pavilions have been plastered with white shell plaster and have skilful gold work in its mural paintings. The interiors are profusely ornamented in floral and geometrical patterns from the dados to the ceiling. Gold and blue, the royal colors, have been abundantly used here and still their traces are visible on the walls.
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The marble Khas Mahal was the personal palace of the emperor, split into separate apartments for worship, sleeping and sitting.
Le pavillon d'or en cours de restauration
Ce pavillon en marbre blanc et à la toiture de cuivre doré est un petit bâtiment adjacent au Khas Mahal (partie nord).
Il surplombe le fleuve Yamuna et offre une vue sur le Taj Mahal qui est de l'autre coté du fleuve.
A proximité se trouve le Musammam Burj, le bâtiment où est mort Shah Jahan emprisonné par son fils Aurangzeb.
Le pavillon d'or en 1860-1870
www.flickr.com/photos/dalbera/8514214702/in/set-721576328...
____________
Le fort rouge d'Agra est le plus grand fort de l'Inde. Il a été classé au patrimoine mondial de l'UNESCO en 1983. Il a été reconstruit par l'Empereur moghol Akbar (1542-1605, règne 1556-1605) lorsque Agra est devenue en 1558 la capitale de son royaume.
La forteresse est en grès rouge, elle renferme les palais des souverains moghols :
- Akbar, (1542-1605, règne 1556-1605)
- Jahangir, le fils d'Akbar (1569-1627, règne 1605-1627),
- Shah Jahan (1592-1666, règne 1628-1658), le fils de Jahangir et le bâtisseur du Taj Mahal,
- Aurangzeb (1618-1707, règne 1658-1707), le fils de Shah Jahan qui a emprisonné son père pour régner à sa place
mais aussi des salles d'audience, des mosquées,...
Article de Wikipedia sur le fort rouge d'Agra
fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fort_rouge_d%27%C4%80gr%C4%81
Fiche de l'UNESCO
Le fort d'Agra sur Insecula
www.insecula.com/musee/M0250.html
Portail de l'Empire moghol
fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portail:Empire_moghol
Le site officiel
A beautiful marble screen carved with the scales of justice and circulating suns (symbol of royalty) above the filigree grille at the north end of Tosh Khana or the Robe Room.
European Tourist at the Khas Mahal Complex (the Royal Palace, also Called the Armghah-i-Mualla or Armgah-i-Muqaddas, Built by Shah Jahan in 1637AD), Tourists
Buildings of India
Forts of India
Palaces of India
Tourists in India
Cities of India
Agra
Uttar Pradesh
India
Taken at Latitude/Longitude:27.178544/78.023423. 0.91 km South-East Belanganj Uttar Pradesh India (Map link)
For more male portraits, please visit www.flickr.com/photos/jag_jaf_travel/sets/721576255539169... Note that some photos may require you to request Friend and Family Status. Copyright 2011, James A. Glazier and James A. Ferguson.
Khas Mahal means the private palace of the king. This building is made of marble with beautiful paintings inside.
View of Khas Mahal inside the Red Fort, served as the Mughal emperor's private residence in Delhi India
The back of this postcard reads, “Interior Scale of Justice Fort Delhi. A marvel of white marble with coloring of unrivaled beauty”. This postcard depicts the interior of the Khas Mahal in the Red Fort. The Khas Mahal was the pavilion of imperial apartments and is divided into four sections. On the south side is a sitting room called Baithak which is a veranda painted with white and gold floral patterns with blue and green accents. The center part of the building consists of three chambers called khwabgah that are the bedroom suite. Overlooking the fortress is an octagonal tower called Mussaman Burji from which the emperor would show himself to the public and view parades. The fourth part of the building is the Tashih Khana or “place of telling beads” where the emperor held private prayer. This room is separated from the khwabgah by a perforated screen. Above the screen is a gilt relief of the scale of justice surrounded by floral ornamentation, which can be seen in this postcard.
Citation: Walter George Whitman Papers, Salem State University Archives and Special Collections, Salem, Massachusetts
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The marble Khas Mahal was the personal palace of the emperor, split into separate apartments for worship, sleeping and sitting.
Press "L" to view in Lightbox.
The marble Khas Mahal was the personal palace of the emperor, split into separate apartments for worship, sleeping and sitting.
Press "L" to view in Lightbox.
The marble Khas Mahal was the personal palace of the emperor, split into separate apartments for worship, sleeping and sitting.
The Agra Fort is a UNESCO World Heritage site located in Agra, Uttar Pradesh, India. It is about 2.5 km northwest of its more famous sister monument, the Taj Mahal. The fort can be more accurately described as a walled city.
HISTORY
The present-day structure was built by the Mughals, though a fort had stood there since at least the 11th century. Agra Fort was originally a brick fort known as Badalgarh, held by Raja Badal Singh Hindu Sikarwar Rajput king (c. 1475). It was mentioned for the first time in 1080 AD when a Ghaznavide force captured it. Sikandar Lodi (1488–1517) was the first Sultan of Delhi who shifted to Agra and lived in the fort. He governed the country from here and Agra assumed the importance of the second capital. He died in the fort at 1517 and his son, Ibrahim Lodi, held it for nine years until he was defeated and killed at Panipat in 1526. Several palaces, wells and a mosque were built by him in the fort during his period.
After the First Battle of Panipat in 1526, Mughals captured the fort and seized a vast treasure, including the diamond later known as the Koh-i-Noor. The victorious Babur stayed in the fort in the palace of Ibrahim and built a baoli (step well) in it. The emperor Humayun was crowned here in 1530. Humayun was defeated at Bilgram in 1540 by Sher Shah. The fort remained with Suris till 1555, when Humanyun recaptured it. The Hindu king Hem Chandra Vikramaditya, also called 'Hemu', defeated Humanyun's army, led by Iskandar Khan Uzbek, and won Agra. Hemu got a huge booty from this fort and went on to capture Delhi from the Mughals. The Mughals under Akbar defeated King Hemu finally at the Second Battle of Panipat in 1556.
Realizing the importance of its central situation, Akbar made it his capital and arrived in Agra in 1558. His historian, Abdul Fazal, recorded that this was a brick fort known as 'Badalgarh'. It was in a ruined condition and Akbar had it rebuilt with red sandstone from Barauli area in Rajasthan. Architects laid the foundation and it was built with bricks in the inner core with sandstone on external surfaces. Some 4,000 builders worked on it daily for eight years, completing it in 1573.
It was only during the reign of Akbar's grandson, Shah Jahan, that the site took on its current state. Legend has it that Shah Jahan built the beautiful Taj Mahal for his wife, Mumtaz Mahal. Unlike his grandfather, Shah Jahan tended to have buildings made from white marble, often inlaid with gold or semi-precious gems. He destroyed some of the earlier buildings inside the fort to make his own.
At the end of his life, Shah Jahan was deposed and restrained by his son, Aurangzeb, in the fort. It is rumoured that Shah Jahan died in Muasamman Burj, a tower with a marble balcony with a view of the Taj Mahal.
The fort was invaded by the Maratha Empire during the mid 18th century. Thereafter, it changed hands between the Marathas and their foes many times. After their catastrophic defeat at Third Battle of Panipat by Ahmad Shah Abdali in 1761, Marathas remained out of the region for the next decade. Finally Mahadji Shinde took the fort in 1785. It was lost by the Marathas to the British during the Second Anglo-Maratha War, in 1803.
The fort was the site of a battle during the Indian rebellion of 1857, which caused the end of the British East India Company's rule in India, and led to a century of direct rule of India by Britain.
LAYOUT
The 380,000 m2 (94-acre) fort has a semicircular plan, its chord lies parallel to the river and its walls are seventy feet high. Double ramparts have massive circular bastions at intervals, with battlements, embrasures, machicolations and string courses. Four gates were provided on its four sides, one Khizri gate opening on to the river.
Two of the fort's gates are notable: the "Delhi Gate" and the "Lahore Gate." The Lahore Gate is also popularly also known as the "Amar Singh Gate," for Amar Singh Rathore.
The monumental Delhi Gate, which faces the city on the western side of the fort, is considered the grandest of the four gates and a masterpiece of Akbar's time. It was built circa 1568 both to enhance security and as the king's formal gate, and includes features related to both. It is embellished with inlay work in white marble. A wooden drawbridge was used to cross the moat and reach the gate from the mainland; inside, an inner gateway called Hathi Pol ("Elephant Gate") – guarded by two life-sized stone elephants with their riders – added another layer of security. The drawbridge, slight ascent, and 90-degree turn between the outer and inner gates make the entrance impregnable. During a siege, attackers would employ elephants to crush a fort's gates. Without a level, straight run-up to gather speed, however, something prevented by this layout, elephants are ineffective.
Because the Indian military (the Parachute Brigade in particular) is still using the northern portion of the Agra Fort, the Delhi Gate cannot be used by the public. Tourists enter via the Amar Singh Gate.
The site is very important in terms of architectural history. Abul Fazal recorded that five hundred buildings in the beautiful designs of Bengal and Gujarat were built in the fort. Some of them were demolished by Shahjahan to make way for his white marble palaces. Most of the others were destroyed by the British between 1803 and 1862 for raising barracks. Hardly thirty Mughal buildings have survived on the south-eastern side, facing the river. Of these, the Delhi Gate and Akbar Gate and one palace – "Bengali Mahal" – are representative Akbari buildings.
Akbar Darwazza (Akbar Gate) was renamed Amar Singh Gate by the British.
POPULAR CULTURE
- The Agra Fort won the Aga Khan Award for Architecture in 2004. India Post issued a stamp to commemorate this event.
- The Agra Fort plays a key role in the Sherlock Holmes mystery The Sign of the Four, by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle.
- The Agra Fort was featured in the music video for Habibi Da, a hit song of Egyptian pop star Hisham Abbas.
- Shivaji came to Agra in 1666 as per the "Purandar Treaty" entered into with Mirza Raje Jaisingh to met Aurangzeb in the Diwan-i-Khas. In the audience he was deliberately placed behind men of lower rank. Insulted, he stormed out of the imperial audience and was confined to Jai Sing's quarters on 12 May 1666.
- In the second expansion pack for the videogame Age of Empires 3, the Asian Dynasties, Agra fort is one of five wonders for the Indian civilisation.
WIKIPEDIA
Here can be seen the Nahar-i-Bihisht or Stream of Paradise.
The palaces are connected by a continuous water channel, known as the Nahr-i-Behisht, or the "Stream of Paradise", that runs through the centre of each pavilion. The water is drawn from the river Yamuna, from a tower, the Shahi Burj, at the north-eastern corner of the fort. The palace is designed as an imitation of paradise as it is described in the Quran; a couplet repeatedly inscribed in the palace reads, "If there be a paradise on earth, it is here, it is here".
The Khas Mahal served as the Mughal emperor's private residence in the Red Fort, Delhi.
It consists of three parts: the Chamber of Telling Beads (Viz-tasbih-khana), the sleeping chamber (khwabgah) and the wardrobe (tosha-khana) or sitting room (baithak). The interior is decorated with richly carved white marble with floral decorations, which were painted in colours. The ceiling was also partly gilded. The marble screen carved with the scale of justice is a particularly important item of Mughal art. The scale is a depiction of the emperor's justice.
The projecting tower to the east of the Khas Mahal is called Octagonal Tower (Muthamman Burj), where the emperor appeared to his subjects every morning. This ceremony was called Jharokha Darshan.