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In the early 2nd century A.D., one vault was converted into a "Mithraeum". The contrast between the dark vault and the shaft of sunlight reaching directly on the altar from the opening made in the ceiling, played a role in the cult of Mithras, know as the "Unconquered Sun".
Mithraism, also known as the Mithraic mysteries, was a mystery religion centered around the god Mithras that was practiced in the Roman Empire from about the 1st to the 4th century. The mysteries were popular in the Roman military. Worshippers of Mithras had a complex system of seven grades of initiation, with ritual meals. Initiates called themselves those "united by the handshake". They met in underground temples, which survive in large numbers. The cult appears to have had its center in Rome.
Jaffa es una localidad de Israel, situada inmediatamente al sur de Tel Aviv, con la cual conforma, desde 1950, una misma entidad municipal, Tel Aviv-Yafo, dentro del distrito de Tel Aviv
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Jaffa is the southern, oldest part of Tel Aviv-Jaffa (since 1950), an ancient port city in Israel. Jaffa is famous for its association with the biblical stories of Solomon, Jonah, and Saint Peter.
En: Wikipedia
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These parallel vaults were first used as substructures of the Roman financial procurator's palace, later used as warehouses
Israelreise 1985, gescanntes Foto
Wikipedia: Akkon oder Akko, im Altertum auch Ptolemais (auch: Akers, Acre, Accho, Acco, Hacco und St. Jean d’Acre), altgriechisch Ἄκη Áke, hebräisch עכו ‘Akkô [aˈkɔ], arabisch عكّا Akka, DMG ʿAkkā, ist eine alte Hafenstadt im Nordbezirk Israels in Galiläa an der Küste des östlichen Mittelmeers.
Die Altstadt liegt auf einer Landzunge am Nordrand der Bucht von Haifa und ist von einer bis zu 150 m starken Festungsanlage umgeben. Auf der Landseite ist die Altstadt von der Neustadt umschlossen. Während die Neustadt eine mehrheitlich jüdische Bevölkerung aufweist, wird die Altstadt fast ausschließlich von israelischen Arabern bewohnt und ist eine der orientalischsten Städte Israels.
Der Hafen der Stadt, die mehrere Jahrhunderte lang eine wichtige Hafenstadt des östlichen Mittelmeers war, hat inzwischen stark an Bedeutung verloren. Von wirtschaftlicher Bedeutung ist heute die Industrie, vor allem die Eisenverarbeitung. Die Stadt besitzt einen Bahnhof an der Strecke Naharija – Haifa.
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When visiting Jewish graves of someone that the visitor never knew, the custom is to place a small stone on the grave using the left hand. This shows that someone visited the gravesite
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A small window (in the floor) from the guardroom served as a peephole for checking on the prisoners.
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Church of St. Peter in Gallicantu (cock'-crow) on Mount Zion was built in 1931.
This has been the site of a church from the 6th century, it is believed to have been the location of the High Priest Caiaphas' palace. It was the setting of Peter's triple denial of his connection with Jesus on the night of his trial.
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Part of a tombstone - probably William de Sancto Johanne, bishop of Nazareth, 1290.
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I am still setting up a new iMac so I will not be responding as time permits.
The menorah is described in the Bible as the seven-lamp (six branches) ancient Hebrew lamp stand made of pure gold and used in the portable sanctuary set up by Moses in the wilderness and 300 years later in the Temple in Jerusalem. Fresh olive oil of the purest quality was burned daily to light its lamps. The menorah has been a symbol of Judaism since ancient times and is the emblem on the coat of arms of the modern state of Israel.
The Star of David became representative of the worldwide Zionist community, and later the broader Jewish community, after it was chosen to represent the First Zionist Congress in 1897.
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Icon at the church
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View from the southern end of Masada, showing the eastern side with the Dead Sea in the distance.
It was now time to run back to the cablecar as the time was getting close to leave.
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Pilasters, once painted and topped with Corinthian capitals, stand against the southern wall. The outer walls of this central hall were plastered and covered with stucco, and the inner walls were covered with frescos.
This is the lower terrace of the palace that was used for banquets and receptions.
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Cistern for water storage.
Qumran is an archaeological site extending over an area of 100 x 80 meters (320 x 263 ft), in the West Bank and is a National Park. It is located on a dry plateau about 1.5 kilometers (1 mi) from the northwestern shore of the Dead Sea. The Hellenistic period settlement was constructed around 134-104 B.C., and was occupied most of the time until it was destroyed by the Romans in 68 A.D. approximately. It is best known as the settlement nearest to the Qumran Caves where the Dead Sea Scrolls were hidden, in the sheer cliff caves. The principal excavations at Qumran were conducted by Roland de Vaux in 951-56, though several later excavations at the site have since been carried out.
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The nymphaeum was the public fountain, it provided drinking water and was a meeting place for the residents.
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The fortifications visible today were built by Louis IX, king of France during the Sixth Crusade in the 13th century. The fortifications were built on previous fortifications that had been destroyed by Saladin in 1187.
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The vaults in the ancient port of Caesarea are part of the “Roma and Augustus Temple” that was constructed in the 1st century buy King Herod in honour of Augustus Caesar. The Temple stands high on an artificial podium, overlooking the entire city. Over the years, important religious monuments have been built on this podium. Restoration and development of some of the vaults and temple stairway will expose the impressive remains of the podium and the magnificent Temple, and will be opened to the public.