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Built in 1840-1842, this Greek Revival-style building was designed by John F. Rague to serve as the Territorial Capitol Building of Iowa, becoming the Iowa State Capitol in 1846 when the state of Iowa was admitted to the United States. The building remained in use as the Iowa State Capitol until 1857, when the state government moved to the more centrally-located Des Moines, and the building was given to the University of Iowa, which utilized the building as its campus from 1857 until 1863, and remained in use by the university for various purposes until the 1970s. The building was never fully completed to its original design during its time as a capitol, with the east portico not being constructed until the 1920s, and the building underwent a restoration to return its interior to its circa 1850 appearance, which was completed in 1976. The building underwent another restoration in the late 1990s and early 2000s, which caused a fire in 2001 that destroyed the original cupola and the bell within it, which were replicated and rebuilt, delaying completion of the restoration until 2006. The building features a limestone-clad exterior with a side-gable roof, doric pilasters flanking the exterior bays, twelve-over-twelve double-hung windows, two-story east and west entrance porticoes with fluted doric columns, a large terrace with stone railings on the west side of the building, and a multi-tier rooftop cupola with an octagonal drum ringed with corinthian columns below a dome clad in gold. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1972, and was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1976, and is a contributing structure in the Pentacrest Historic District, listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978. Today, the building serves as a museum, documenting and interpreting the territorial and early state history of Iowa, as well as the history of the University of Iowa.