View allAll Photos Tagged Fumarole
Could have used some of that geothermal action today. The temp was down to 11 degrees today. Oh well, it was great for skiing. But can't a girl want it all?
Smoking fumaroles on a winter day at Chixingshan in Yangmingshan.
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Geysir, sometimes known as The Great Geysir, is a geyser in southwestern Iceland. It was the first geyser described in a printed source and the first known to modern Europeans. The English word geyser (a spouting hot spring) derives from Geysir. The name Geysir itself is derived from the Icelandic verb geysa, "to gush", the verb from Old Norse. Geysir lies in the Haukadalur valley on the slopes of Laugarfjall hill, which is also the home to Strokkur geyser about 50 metres south.
Eruptions at Geysir can hurl boiling water up to 70 metres in the air. However, eruptions may be infrequent, and have in the past stopped altogether for years at a time. [from Wikipedia]
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A volcanic eruption one million years ago in New Mexico ' s Jemez Mountains formed this unique landscape. One of seven super volcanoes in the world. Valles Caldera has a land area of 89,216 acres (139.400 sq miles). A wide volcanic caldera in the Jemez Mountains of northern New Mexico. Hot springs, streams, fumaroles, natural gas seeps and volcanic domes dot the caldera floor landscape. I have never quite worked out how to capture the beauty and diversity of this incredible landscape. I guess you'll just have to visit and see it for yourselves :)
In the morning, steam from hundreds of vents rises in the Back Basin of Norris Geyser Basin, creating an eerie, though quiet, scene.
These towering needle-like formations of rock, called fossil fumaroles, projecting from the Sand Creek Canyon floor, were formed under sheets of volcanic pumice that preceded Mazama's collapse.
As the surface of the hot pumice cooled over the years, steam and gases were released by the hot rocks underneath through vents and tubes that were welded into cement hardness by their passage. These ancient vents now stand alone due to the erosion of the surrounding softer materials. Source: www.craterlakeinstitute.com/natural-history/geology-pinna...
© 2016 Skip Plitt, All Rights Reserved.
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A typical icelandic scene: bubbling mudpots, steaming fumaroles, an otherworldly sunrise and in between: a photographer doing what he loves.
This image was taken just a few moments before "Stream of Life". You can read more about that morning on my blog.
Canon 5DMkII, 17-40mm, GND
Copyright © Joerg Bonner 2012. All rights reserved.
These towering needle-like formations of rock, called fossil fumaroles, projecting from the Sand Creek Canyon floor, were formed under sheets of volcanic pumice that preceded Mt Mazama's collapse.
As the surface of the hot pumice cooled over the years, steam and gases were released by the hot rocks underneath through vents and tubes that were welded into cement hardness by their passage. These ancient vents now stand alone due to the erosion of the surrounding softer materials.
Bison graze near thermal features in Yellowstone National Park. The steam that rises freezes on the surfaces of plants and bison alike. The warmer ground leaves bare patches where bison and other animals can graze. The bison are well adapted for the ambient temperatures on this day, which are in the single digits. They can survive temperatures 30 or more degrees below zero, as they have for millennia. They were a perfection of evolution until mankind brought habitat loss, disease, and overzealous hunting. Their numbers are increasing due to conservation efforts but they are far from the millions strong that existed over a century or more ago.
Two powerful steam vents impress hikers descending into Porcelain Basin at Norris Geyser Basin: Ledge and Valentine Geysers. This is looking back from toward the descent trail into Porcelain Basin. Ledge is a powerful geyser but is dormant most of the time, usually acting as a noisy fumarole.
Hengill volcano is situated in the southwest of Iceland, The volcano covers an area of about 100 km². The volcano is still active, evidenced by its numerous hot springs and fumaroles, but the last eruption occurred approximately 2,000 years ago. (wiki)
The Fountain Paint Pot area in Yellowstone has several springs, pools, geysers, a fumarole, and the Fountain Paint Pot. Yellowstone National Park.
This trail is an easy 0.5 mile (0.8 km) loop boardwalk. You will see various hydrothermal features that are expressions of Yellowstone's volcanism. No two features are exactly alike, yet they can be grouped into those with a lot of water (hot springs and geysers) and those with limited water (mud pots and fumaroles).
Volcano West of Santiago de Chile. I wonder if the blue fog is from fumaroles. Who knows?
Credits: ESA/NASA
945_4106
During the Summer Solstice, the sun never fully goes down in Iceland. It sets around 11:30pm-12:00am, and then begins rising around 2:00am or so. This results in either a long, glorious and seamless sunset to sunrise scenario, or a nice gentle and even overcast light for several hours. We planned our trip so that we would be near some of the waterfalls I wanted to photograph on many nights of the trip, which led to me spending many late nights alone at some of the most epic waterfalls while my wife rested back in our room.
This night in particular, was one of the most peaceful nights of my life to date. I opened up the night by being the only person at two absolutely enthralling waterfalls for a full 4 hours (Dettifoss and Selfoss). On my way back (around 4:30-5:00am) -- instead of getting back to our cabin and sleeping, like I should have -- I decided to stop by the Hverir Geothermal Area and take some shots of the sunrise. Once again, I was the only one here, and it felt like I was on another planet. Simply sublime!
From the sign outside the area:
"Námafjall is a high-temperature geothermal area with fumaroles and mud pots. At a depth of 1000m, the temperature is above 200 degrees Celsius. Along with the steam comes fumarole gas, such as hydrogen sulfide which is responsible for the characteristic hot spring smell in these areas. The hot springs produce considerable sulphur deposits. In previous centuries, sulphur was mined in Iceland to produce gun powder."
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Crater Lake National Park
From a National Park website:
"The Pinnacles are a collection of 100-foot-tall (30-meter) spires which have been created as the canyon walls around them have eroded away. The spires are “fossil fumaroles,” each marking a spot where volcanic gas rose up through hot ash deposits, cementing the ash into solid rock."
Norðurland eystra, Ísland
A fumarole vents gases as the sun, lurking just below the horizon, lights the clouds. We are standing in the Hverir geothermal field in northern Iceland in June.
Sunrise over Hverir, North-East Iceland, a vast plain of steam, sulphur and boiling mud, a place where heaven and hell seem to collide: The roar of the vents, the stench of the gas, the beauty of the light.
My poor wife waiting as usual as I take pictures.
Reykjadalur in Iceland.
The footbridge, part of the trail up the valley was over a fumarole that was jetting out boiling hot water, really jetting!
Crossing the bridge meant holding your breath, waiting for the wind to blow the steam in the right direction and then running for it.
Everywhere smelt of Hydrogen Sulphide (rotten eggs), but this is quite normal for water in a lot of Iceland.
We once stayed in Blönduós where you had to hold your breath in the shower it was that bad.
You should see what it does to red wine when you wash your glass out.....
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Le souffleur, une sorte de volcan en miniature expulse bruyamment sa vapeur sulfurée.
The blower, a kind of miniature volcano expels its noisy sulphurated steam.
Islande. Fumerolle dans la région de Mývatn sur le site de Námafjall.
Iceland. Fumarole in the Mývatn region located on Námafjall site.
This mound of sinster may indicate past geyser activity in the solfatara field at Seltún which contains mud pools, acidic hot springs; fumaroles and steaming ground. Fumaroles in the area deposit sulfur and sulphates on the ground near the vents. Fumaroles whose steam is rich in sulfur are called solfataras. The main sulphur area is a fumarole field that lies southwest of the boardwalk at Seltún but sulfur and sulphates occur around most of the steam vents, mud pools and acidic hot springs. Yellow spots of sulphur were visible to us as we strolled along the boardwalk.
Seltún is part of the large Krýsuvík Geothermal field which lies on one of the NE-SW trending volcanic systems that cross the Reykjanes Peninsula. The volcanic zones lie in the middle of the fissure zone on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge which traverses Iceland and are visible along the south of Reykjanes.
In the mid-20th century there were plans to develop the geothermal field for utilization, including power production, and Seltún then became one of the main drilling targets. There are old drill pads to be seen near the path along the creek. According to the Iceland Geosurvey (ISOR) one of the "boreholes started erupting intermittently in the winter of 2010". They reported that an interval of a few days between the eruptions. We found the spot but on two different visits to the field I saw no sign of geyser activity. ISOR also reports "another old borehole blew up in 1999 forming a crater with a diameter of about 30 m, now filled by mud except where a flow of steam keeps boiling pits open". That unexpected explosion in 1999 reportedly caused the geothermal project to be halted. The springs have been preserved due to the lack of drilling and geothermal exploitation.
Temperatures are over 200 degrees C just below the surface. Geologist from the Iceland Geosurvey believe "the water of the pools is surface water heated by steam from a boiling geothermal reservoir. Accompanying gases such as hydrogen sulphide and carbon dioxide acidify the water and alter the rock to clay. Only the uppermost 300 m of the reservoir at Seltún is boiling, i.e., follows the boiling curve in accordance with increasing pressure. Below this depth, a temperature inversion occurs, indicating that the boiling section is fed laterally from an upflow some distance away."
The geothermal field is located in the Reykjanes Geopark.
Geologic and geothermal info from Iceland GeoSurvey (ISOR) . Some text in the caption from their web page at: www.geothermal.is/17-seltun-high-temperature-area-solfataras
This stream runs through the solfatara field at Seltún, Iceland which contains mud pools, acidic hot springs; fumaroles and steaming ground. Fumaroles in the area deposit sulfur and sulphates on the ground near the vents. Fumaroles whose steam is rich in sulfur are called solfataras. The main sulphur area is a fumarole field that lies southwest of the boardwalk at Seltún but sulfur and sulphates around some of the steam vents, mud pools and acidic hot springs were visible to us as we strolled along the boardwalk.
Seltún is part of the large Krýsuvík Geothermal field which lies on one of the NE-SW trending volcanic systems that cross the Reykjanes Peninsula. The volcanic zones lie in the middle of the fissure zone on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge which traverses Iceland and are visible along the south of Reykjanes.
In the mid-20th century there were plans to develop the geothermal field for utilization, including power production, and Seltún then became one of the main drilling targets. There are old drill pads to be seen near the path along the creek. According to the Iceland Geosurvey (ISOR) one of the "boreholes started erupting intermittently in the winter of 2010". They reported that an interval of a few days between the eruptions. We found the spot but on two different visits to the field I saw no sign of geyser activity. ISOR also reports "another old borehole blew up in 1999 forming a crater with a diameter of about 30 m, now filled by mud except where a flow of steam keeps boiling pits open". That unexpected explosion in 1999 reportedly caused the geothermal project to be halted. The springs have been preserved due to the lack of drilling and geothermal exploitation.
Temperatures are over 200 degrees C just below the surface. Geologist from the Iceland Geosurvey believe "the water of the pools is surface water heated by steam from a boiling geothermal reservoir. Accompanying gases such as hydrogen sulphide and carbon dioxide acidify the water and alter the rock to clay. Only the uppermost 300 m of the reservoir at Seltún is boiling, i.e., follows the boiling curve in accordance with increasing pressure. Below this depth, a temperature inversion occurs, indicating that the boiling section is fed laterally from an upflow some distance away."
The geothermal field is located in the Reykjanes Geopark.
Geologic and geothermal info from Iceland GeoSurvey (ISOR) . Some text in the caption from their web page at: www.geothermal.is/17-seltun-high-temperature-area-solfataras
The Pinnacles
Crater Lake is a caldera lake in the western United States, located in south-central Oregon. It is the main feature of Crater Lake National Park and is famous for its deep blue color and water clarity. The lake partly fills a nearly 2,148-foot (655 m)-deep caldera that was formed around 7,700 (± 150) years ago by the collapse of the volcano Mount Mazama. There are no rivers flowing into or out of the lake; the evaporation is compensated for by rain and snowfall at a rate such that the total amount of water is replaced every 250 years. At 1,943 feet (592 m), the lake is the deepest in the United States, and the seventh or ninth deepest in the world, depending on whether average or maximum depth is measured.
Crater Lake is also known for the "Old Man of the Lake", a full-sized tree which is now a stump that has been bobbing vertically in the lake for over a century. The low temperature of the water has slowed the decomposition of the wood, hence the longevity of the bobbing tree.
Two islands are in Crater Lake; Wizard Island formed from a cinder cone that erupted after Crater Lake began to fill with water, and the smaller Phantom Ship has seven different trees living on it. There are also colonies of violet green swallows and several varieties of wildflowers and lichens living there.
While having no indigenous fish population, the lake was stocked from 1888 to 1941 with a variety of fish. Several species have formed self-sustaining populations. Since 2002, one of the state's regular-issue license plate designs has featured Crater Lake. The commemorative Oregon State Quarter, which was released by the United States Mint in 2005, features an image of Crater Lake on its reverse.
Some notable park features created by this huge eruption are:
The Pinnacles: When the very hot ash and pumice came to rest near the volcano, it formed 200-to-300-foot-thick (60 to 90 m) gas-charged deposits. For perhaps years afterward, hot gas moved to the surface and slowly cemented ash and pumice together in channels and escaped through fumaroles. Erosion later removed most of the surrounding loose ash and pumice, leaving tall pinnacles and spires.
(Wikipedia)
In the lower elevation southeast corner of Crater Lake National Park, the Pinnacles are a group of volcanic pumice spires, colored various shades of grey and brown, formed by erosion along the south edge of the steep-sided canyon of Wheeler Creek, a tributary of the larger Sand Creek that begins beneath the southern slopes of Mount Scott, the park's highest summit. Some cones are especially tall and graceful, dozens of feet tall and tapering very gradually to a sharp point - perhaps the narrowest erosional features in the West, certainly more slender than, for example the hoodoos of Bryce Canyon in Utah or the strange pillars of the Tent Rocks in New Mexico.
The pinnacles, also known as fossil fumaroles, are surrounded by a belt of vegetation-free earth, which contrasts greatly with the lush greenery all around; pine woods on the canyon rim, bushes and grass along the valley floor. They may be viewed from overlooks at the end of the access road and along the half mile Pinnacles Trail that follows the valley further downstream, soon exiting the national park and meeting a forest track. This is a very short hike, but popular going to the unusual geology.
Crater Lake ist ein Kratersee des Vulkans Mount Mazama im Süden des Bundesstaates Oregon in den Vereinigten Staaten. Crater Lake ist das zentrale Objekt des Crater-Lake-Nationalparks und zeichnet sich durch seine ungewöhnlich tiefblaue Farbe aus. Der See entstand durch die Füllung der Caldera mit Regenwasser. Die Wassermenge tauscht sich etwa alle 250 Jahre aus.
Der Crater Lake mit einem Volumen von 17,46 km³ hat ein tiefblaues und klares Wasser. Der See besitzt weder Zu- noch Abflüsse. Das Wasser besteht aus Regen- und Schneeschmelzwasser. Die Wasserqualität ist die beste in ganz Nordamerika. 1972 wurde mit der Secchischeibe eine Sichttiefe von 144 Fuß (43,9 m) gemessen; dies ist einer der größten Werte, die je gemessen wurden. Im Jahr 1997 wurde eine Sichttiefe von 142 Fuß (43,3 m) gemessen. Der pH-Wert liegt zwischen 7 und 8. Der Erhaltung der Wasserqualität wird von der Parkadministration große Wichtigkeit beigemessen. Auf dem See betriebene Motorboote verfügen über ein abgeschlossenes Treibstoffsystem, sodass keine Ölspuren ins Wasser gelangen.
Die Wasseroberfläche hat eine Höhe von 1883 m ü.d.M. und eine Fläche von 53,2 km². Die Uferlänge misst 35,1 km. Der See hat eine horizontale Ausbreitung von 8 mal 9,6 km und eine durchschnittliche Tiefe von 350 m, der tiefste Punkt ist 594 m. Er ist der tiefste See des Landes und der zweittiefste Nordamerikas.
Es gibt zwei Inseln: Wizard Island („Zauberer-Insel“) und Phantom Ship Island („Geisterschiff-Insel“).
(Wikipedia)
This view of Seltún is looking across the hot springs basin east to the parking lot. Seltún, Iceland is a solfatara field just off the road to Krýsuvík which contains mud pools, acidic hot springs; fumaroles and steaming ground. Fumaroles in the area deposit sulfur and sulphates on the ground near the vents. Fumaroles whose steam is rich in sulfur are called solfataras. The main sulphur area is a fumarole field that lies southwest of the boardwalk at Seltún but sulfur and sulphates occur around many of the steam vents, mud pools and acidic hot springs. Yellow spots of sulphur were visible to us as we strolled along the boardwalk.
Seltún is part of the large Krýsuvík Geothermal field which lies on one of the NE-SW trending volcanic systems that cross the Reykjanes Peninsula. The volcanic zones lie in the middle of the fissure zone on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge which traverses Iceland and are visible along the south of Reykjanes.
In the mid-20th century there were plans to develop the geothermal field for utilization, including power production, and Seltún then became one of the main drilling targets. There are old drill pads to be seen near the path along the creek. According to the Iceland Geosurvey (ISOR) one of the "boreholes started erupting intermittently in the winter of 2010". They reported that an interval of a few days between the eruptions. We found the spot but on two different visits to the field I saw no sign of geyser activity. ISOR also reports "another old borehole blew up in 1999 forming a crater with a diameter of about 30 m, now filled by mud except where a flow of steam keeps boiling pits open". That unexpected explosion in 1999 reportedly caused the geothermal project to be halted. The springs have been preserved due to the lack of drilling and geothermal exploitation.
Temperatures are over 200 degrees C just below the surface. Geologist from the Iceland Geosurvey believe "the water of the pools is surface water heated by steam from a boiling geothermal reservoir. Accompanying gases such as hydrogen sulphide and carbon dioxide acidify the water and alter the rock to clay. Only the uppermost 300 m of the reservoir at Seltún is boiling, i.e., follows the boiling curve in accordance with increasing pressure. Below this depth, a temperature inversion occurs, indicating that the boiling section is fed laterally from an upflow some distance away.”
The geothermal field is located in the Reykjanes Geopark.
Geologic and geothermal info from Iceland GeoSurvey (ISOR) . Some text in the caption from their web page at: www.geothermal.is/17-seltun-high-temperature-area-solfataras
Just off the road to Krýsuvík is a solfatara field at Seltún, Iceland which contains mud pools, acidic hot springs; fumaroles and steaming ground. Fumaroles in the area deposit sulfur and sulphates on the ground near the vents. Fumaroles whose steam is rich in sulfur are called solfataras. The main sulphur area is a fumarole field that lies southwest of the boardwalk at Seltún but sulfur and sulphates around some of the steam vents, mud pools and acidic hot springs were visible to us as we strolled along the boardwalk.
Seltún is part of the large Krýsuvík Geothermal field which lies on one of the NE-SW trending volcanic systems that cross the Reykjanes Peninsula. The volcanic zones lie in the middle of the fissure zone on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge which traverses Iceland and are visible along the south of Reykjanes.
In the mid-20th century there were plans to develop the geothermal field for utilization, including power production, and Seltún then became one of the main drilling targets. There are old drill pads to be seen near the path along the creek. According to the Iceland Geosurvey (ISOR) one of the "boreholes started erupting intermittently in the winter of 2010". They reported that an interval of a few days between the eruptions. We found the spot but on two different visits to the field I saw no sign of geyser activity. ISOR also reports "another old borehole blew up in 1999 forming a crater with a diameter of about 30 m, now filled by mud except where a flow of steam keeps boiling pits open". That unexpected explosion in 1999 reportedly caused the geothermal project to be halted. The springs have been preserved due to the lack of drilling and geothermal exploitation.
Temperatures are over 200 degrees C just below the surface. Geologist from the Iceland Geosurvey believe "the water of the pools is surface water heated by steam from a boiling geothermal reservoir. Accompanying gases such as hydrogen sulphide and carbon dioxide acidify the water and alter the rock to clay. Only the uppermost 300 m of the reservoir at Seltún is boiling, i.e., follows the boiling curve in accordance with increasing pressure. Below this depth, a temperature inversion occurs, indicating that the boiling section is fed laterally from an upflow some distance away.”
The geothermal field is located in the Reykjanes Geopark.
Geologic and geothermal info from Iceland GeoSurvey (ISOR) . Some text in the caption from their web page at: www.geothermal.is/17-seltun-high-temperature-area-solfataras
An active fumarole field on the crate edge at Vulcano, near Sicily. This whole area assaults all the senses at once, with vibrant colour, strong sulphurous odours and a very audible hiss from the many fumaroles venting volcanic gasses.
Quilotoa is a water-filled caldera and the westernmost volcano in the Ecuadorian Andes. The 3 kilometres (2 mi) wide caldera was formed by the collapse of this dacite volcano following a catastrophic VEI-6 eruption about 800 years ago, which produced pyroclastic flows and lahars that reached the Pacific Ocean, and spread an airborne deposit of volcanic ash throughout the northern Andes. The caldera has since accumulated a 250 m (820 ft) deep crater lake, which has a greenish color as a result of dissolved minerals. Fumaroles are found on the lake floor and hot springs occur on the eastern flank of the volcano.