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Women leaving abusive homes, Indigenous families rebuilding and healing from intergenerational trauma, and young people needing mentorship to resist gang overtures will benefit from one of the largest rounds of grants from crime proceeds in B.C.’s history.
Learn more: news.gov.bc.ca/16885
Pink shirt day was started in 2007 by two students in Nova Scotia, who stood up for a fellow classmate who was being bullied. Since then, BC has taken a strong stance against bullying and has officially marked the last Wednesday in February as Anti-Bullying Day - where British Columbians throughout the province where pink in solidarity.
Premier Christy Clark visited Point Grey Secondary School in Vancouver to take part in anti-bullying activities, and announced a $15,000 grant for the school to help anti-bullying efforts, as part of $1 Million budgeted from civil-forfeiture proceeds for this purpose.
Learn More: www.newsroom.gov.bc.ca/2013/02/school-led-anti-bullying-e...
Follow @ERASEbullyingBC on Twitter:
Wearing a lancastrian SS collar - Sir Richard Redman / Redmayne 1426 of Levens, Westmorland lies beside 2nd wife Elizabeth Aldburgh c1417-22, widow of Sir Brian Stapleton of Carlton d1391 eldest daughter and co-heiress of William de Aldeburgh / Aldburgh, Lord of the manor of Harewood Castle (they married in 1393).
Children at least 2 sons and 2 daughters
1. Matthew d1416 m Johanna daughter of Sir Thomas Tunstall, of Thurland Castle, whose son Richard www.flickr.com/photos/52219527@N00/8389510178/ was heir to his grandfather.
2. Richard of Bossall
3 Joan m Sir Thomas Wentworth
4. daughter m Richard Duckett d1448 of Grayrigg
Sir Richard had m1 and had 1 son Matthew who dsp in his father's lifetime. Sir Richard was Sheriff of Cumberland 1390-1413, later Sheriff and MP for Yorkshire, and Speaker in 1415 of the House of Commons, later taking part in the Battle of Agincourt.,
They were buried in the church of the Black Friars at York with Elizabeth's 1st husband Sir Brian Stapleton
After Elizabeth's death Richard m3 Elizabeth daughter of Sir William Gascoigne of Gawthorpe, Chief Justice of England www.flickr.com/photos/52219527@N00/8390344858/
By his will Sir Richard left the manors of Levens and certain Harewood estates to his younger son Richard in trust for his grandson Richard then a minor ; on the death of this Richard without heirs to his son Richard, and failing heirs of the latter to John Redman, son of Elene Grene, &c. The manors of Kereby and Kirkby (Kirkby Overblow) he devised to Brian de Stapleton son of Sir Brian
Stapleton by his (Sir Richard's) first wife Elizabeth Aldeburgh, under certain conditions as to forfeiture, &c.
www.historyofparliamentonline.org/volume/1386-1421/member...
In later years ttheir descendants married into the Gascoigne / Gascoyne family who eventually became Lords of the manor
via
On Friday, August 30, 2018, the California Supreme Court ruled that a blanket advanced conflict waiver signed by two current clients, which purported to authorize lawyers from Sheppard Mullin to accept an unrelated representation of one client adverse to another, was void against public policy because the firm failed to obtain informed consent. Even though the engagement agreement was legally unenforceable, the Court stated that the firm may still be entitled to recovery some of its fees, reversing the lower court’s decision which had barred Sheppard Mullin from any recovery due to its ethical breach. The Court remanded the case for trial on the law firm’s claim for recovery in quantum meruit.
Factual Background
In 2006, a qui tam action was filed against J-M Manufacturing, a paper company. The suit alleged that J-M had misrepresented the strength of its PVC pipe it had sole to approximately 200 entities around the country. One of those entities was the City of South Tahoe.
In 2010, J-M sought Sheppard Mullin to represent it in the qui tam action. The attorneys ran a conflict check against the named qui tam relators and discovered that one of those entities was a current client of the Firm. Specifically, a Sheppard Mullin partner had been representing the City of South Tahoe “on and off” since 2002 for employment-related work. As recently as 2009, South Tahoe and the Firm had entered into an advance waiver of conflicts for matters unrelated to the employment matters on which the Firm had provided assistance.
In 2010, Sheppard Mullin and J-M signed an engagement agreement. The engagement agreement provided that J-M agreed the Firm could represent other clients in unrelated matters. The J-M engagement agreement stated the Firm:
has many attorneys and multiple offices” and that “we may currently or in the future represent one or more clients . . . in matters involving [J-M]. We undertake this engagement on the condition that we may represent another client in a a matter in which we do not represent [J-M] (including appearance on behalf of another client advere to [J-M] in litigation or arbitration) and can also, if necessary, examine or cross-examine [J-M] personnel on behalf of that other client in such proceedings or in other proceedings to which [J-M] is not a party provided the other matter is not substantially related to our representation of [J-M] and in the course of representing [J-M] we have not obtained confidential information of [J-M] material to representation of the other client.
The agreement with J-M further provided that “By consenting to this arrangement, [J-M] is waiving our obligation of loyalty to it so long as we maintain confidentiality and adhere to the foregoing limitations. We seek this consent to allow our Firm to meet the needs of existing and future clients, to remain available to those other clients and to render legal services with vigor and competence. Also, if an attorney does not continue an engagement or must withdraw therefrom, the client may incur delay, prejudice or additional cost such as acquainting new counsel with the matter.”
The general counsel of J-M reviewed the agreement and made specific changes to part of it but made no changes to the conflict waiver provision. Sheppard Mullin did not inform J-M about its representation of South Tahoe before or at the time the engagement agreement was signed.
As noted above, the Firm also had an engagement agreement with South Tahoe. The Firm’s agreement with South Tahoe included a similarly worded advanced waiver of conflicts for unrelated matters, which purported to permit the Firm to take a position adverse to South Tahoe, including in litigation.
At the time the South Tahoe engagement agreement was signed the Firm had not been engaged by J-M. After it was contacted by J-M to represent it adverse to the 200 parties in the qui tam action (one of which was South Tahoe), the Firm did not disclose to J-M anything about its existing representation of South Tahoe. The law firm’s general counsel and others concluded that the advanced waiver South Tahoe had agreed upon one year earlier was all that was required and the Firm did not need another waiver from South Tahoe after having received the broad, general blanket waiver.
Shortly after the engagement agreement with J-M was signed, the partner at South Tahoe who had been representing South Tahoe in employment matters began actively working for South Tahoe. Over the course of the following year, the Firm billed South Tahoe for 12 hours of work.
South Tahoe’s attorneys in the qui tam action learned that Sheppard Mullin was representing J-M adverse to South Tahoe. Sheppard Mullin informed South Tahoe, through South Tahoe’s qui tam litigation counsel, of the Firm’s position that the advanced waiver South Tahoe had signed permitted the Firm to represent J-M adverse to South Tahoe. In other words, by executing the broad general advanced conflict waiver, it was the Firm’s position that another waiver was unnecessary.
In 2011, South Tahoe moved to disqualify Sheppard Mullin as litigation counsel in the qui tam action. The basis for the DQ motion was that the Firm was simultaneously representing South Tahoe when it was directly adverse to South Tahoe in another matter. Moreover, South Tahoe argued that the advanced waiver signed by South Tahoe legally was ineffective because South Tahoe had not given its “informed consent.” The court agreed with South Tahoe and Sheppard Mullin was disqualified from further representation of J-M.
Prior to its disqualification, Sheppard Mullin performed approximately 10,000 hours of work in the qui tam action and a related state court action. The firm’s billings totaled more than $3 million, of which approximately $1 million remained unpaid as of the date of the disqualification.
The Law Firm Sues The Client for Fees
Sheppard Mullin sued J-M to recover the unpaid fees. J-M countersued for breach of contract, fraudulent inducement and breach of fiduciary duty and sought both relief from the unpaid fees and a return (disgorgement) of the $2 million it had already paid to Sheppard Mullin.
Sheppard Mullin sought to move the dispute to arbitration based on the engagement agreement, which provided that disputes between the parties had to be resolved in that forum. J-M asserted that the Firm’s conflict of interest rendered the entire engagement agreement—including the arbitration provision—unenforceable.
The state trial court granted Sheppard Mullin’s petition to compel arbitration, and the arbitrators ruled in favor of Sheppard Mullin and awarded it more than $1.3 million in unpaid fees (and denied the demand for disgorgement of the $2 million plus already paid). The arbitrators found that the Firm’s representation of South Tahoe involved matters that were unrelated to the qui tam action; the conflict did not cause J-M any damage and did not prejudice its defense to the qui tam action, it did not result in any confidential information being disclosed to South Tahoe, and it did not render Sheppard Mullin’s representation less effective or valuable. The lower court confirmed the arbitration award.
The California Court of Appeals reversed. The intermediate appellate court held that the concurrent conflict rendered the engagement agreement unenforceable and the advanced waiver was invalid because Sheppard Mullin failed to obtain consent that was “informed”—particularly, Sheppard Mullin failed to get renewed consent from South Tahoe after it learned about the proposed representation of J-M, and it failed to get “informed” consent from J-M because it never disclosed to J-M the known fact of the Firm’s simultaneous representation of South Tahoe.
The appeals court further found as a result of the ineffective waiver that Sheppard Mullin was not entitled to any of the legal fees it had incurred during the representation of J-M—it was both: (a) not entitled to unpaid fees that were still owed by J-M; and (b) required to disgorge the fees it had already collected from J-M.
The California Supreme Court Affirms Illegality of Fee Agreement
The Supreme Court of California affirmed in part and reversed in part the decision of the Court of Appeal.
The first question addressed was the standard for judicial review of an arbitration award. Despite the strong public policy in favor of arbitration, the California Supreme Court found that arbitrators exceed their authority when the arbitration has been undertaken to enforce a contract that is illegal or against public policy. The Court held that contracts involving attorneys may be found unenforceable if it violated the Rules of Professional Conduct. The Court held that where the entire contract was void for illegality, so too was a provision in the contract mandating arbitration. The Court noted that an attorney-client fee agreement is not necessarily illegal in its entirety simply because it contains a provision that conflicts with an attorneys’ obligation under the ethics rules. Thus, the Court affirmed this part of the Court of Appeal’s ruling.
The second question was whether the Sheppard Mullin – JM engagement agreement was only partially illegal or whether it was illegal in its entirety. The Supreme Court held that the agreement was void in toto for violating the conflicts of interest rule that provides that an attorney “shall not, without the informed consent of each client . . . represent a client in a matter and at the same time in a separate matter accept as a client a person or entity whose interest in the first matter is adverse to the client in the first matter.” The term “informed written consent” means “written agreement to the representation following written disclosure,” and “disclosure” means “informing the client . . . of the relevant circumstances and of the actual and reasonably foreseeable adverse consequences to the client.”
The Supreme Court held that “because Sheppard Mullin knew of” its conflicting interest with South Tahoe and failed to inform J-M about it, J-M’s advanced blanket conflict waiver was not supported by consent that was “informed” within the meaning of the Rules of Professional Conduct. Furthermore, since the consent was not informed, the entirety of the engagement agreement with J-M was unenforceable.
For a conflict waiver to be “informed,” the Court reasoned, “the client’s consent to dual representation must be based on disclosure of all material facts the attorney knows and can reveal.” The Court stated that “An attorney or law firm that knowingly withholds material information about a conflict has not earned the confidences and trust the rule is designed to protect.”
Applying this standard, the Court noted that the Sheppard Mullin advanced waiver to J-M “did not disclose any particular conflict, or even any area of potential conflict, and did not mention” the Firm’s concurrent representation of South Tahoe. Accordingly, the Firm’s advanced waiver was insufficient to inform J-M’s consent to the representation where, as here, the Firm was aware of a more specific and concrete conflict that already existed when the engagement agreement was executed. The representation of South Tahoe “was not merely a future possibility; it was a present reality.” Informed by this legal standard, the Court had no trouble concluding “the conflicts waiver here was inadequate.”
No Bright Line Rule on Fee Disgorgement
The final question addressed by the Supreme Court was whether the Firm may receive any compensation at all for its thousands of hours of legal services, or whether J-M gets a free ride because of the ineffective conflict waver.
The Firm argued it should still be entitled to the value of its services under the equitable doctrine of quantum meruit. The Firm asserted it acted in good faith reliance on the blanket conflict waivers both clients signed, there was no evidence the Firm acted contrary to J-M’s interest, or that it violated J-M’s confidences. And J-M stipulated it was not challenging the quality or quantity of the work Sheppard Mullin performed on its behalf. Denying all compensation, the Firm argued, would disproportionately punish Sheppard Mullin and result in a “massive windfall” for J-M.
The Court agreed that a bright line rule of disgorgement of fees was not appropriate, although it decided not to decide the question of whether or to what extent Sheppard Mullin was entitled to fees. The Court found that there should be no automatic rule on fee forfeiture for every breach of a lawyer’s ethical duty. The Court stated that the court below should consider as part of its decision “the egregiousness of the attorney’s conduct, its potential and actual effect on the client and the attorney-client relationship, and the existence of alternative remedies.”
The Court explained that the firm may be able to show its conduct was not willful and the violation of the ethical rule was not so sever or harmful “as to render its legal services of little or no value to the client.” If it is found that the Firm’s breach of its ethical duty was “flagrant” that might justify a complete forfeiture even in the absence of proof of harm to the client. On the other hand, for “less egregious” cases, a complete forfeiture may be an “excessive sanction.”
The case was remanded for a trial on the Firm’s equitable claims for recovery.
Takeaways from Sheppard Mullin v. J-M
The Court’s decision serves as a warning to law firms—particularly those operating in California—that attempt to rely upon a blanket advanced waiver to take on an otherwise impermissible representation. Guessing wrong can result in a significant penalty.
For starters, the Supreme Court’s decision makes clear that firms have an affirmative obligation to inform their clients of specific facts regarding known conflicts and cannot hide that information and accept the representation under the guise of a blanket advanced waiver. By withholding known conflict information, a firm runs the risk that a court will subsequently invalidate any supposed advanced waiver.
The Sheppard Mullin decision limits the reliability of blanket advanced waivers and may cause law firms to think hard about how much they need to disclose to their clients when considering an advanced waiver. In fact, counsel may want to consider regular updates of such advanced waivers when the firms learn of new information such as when the firm learns about the specifics of a prospective representation adverse to another firm client.
The Court in Sheppard Mullin did not address the question of whether blanket advanced conflict waivers generally are unenforceable. Courts have divided on this issue. The Supreme Court of California concluded that it need not reach this issue because, in its view, the failure to disclose material information to J-M regarding the firm’s then-present representation of South Tahoe itself was a failure to give J-M the information it was entitled to receive to inform its consent.
Another important takeaway from this decision is knowing whether your clients are current or former clients. The Firm characterized South Tahoe as a “dormant” former client because even though there had been periodic representation over the years, it was not currently representing South Tahoe at the time of the J-M representation. The Court rejected this characterization of South Tahoe. The Court found the parties had a course of dealing of periodic representation followed by periods of dormancy. The Court considered law from California and other jurisdictions that support the proposition that “where a law firm and client have had a long-term course of business calling for occasional work on discrete assignments, courts have generally held the fact that the firm is not performing any assignment on a particular date and may not have done so for some months—or even years—does not necessarily mean the attorney-client relationship has been terminated.”
In light of this holding, law firms may wish to consider modifying terms of their standard engagement agreements to clarify the nature of the relationship–particularly where the firm takes on a periodic representation and anticipates that there may be significant downtime between billable assignments. In such situations, it may be wise to indicate the representation ends when the stated assignment is completed or delivered, as opposed to an open-ended engagement that does not identify any clearly marked point at which the representation ends.
www.ipethicslaw.com/leaving-south-tahoe-will-your-advance...
Women leaving abusive homes, Indigenous families rebuilding and healing from intergenerational trauma, and young people needing mentorship to resist gang overtures will benefit from one of the largest rounds of grants from crime proceeds in B.C.’s history.
Learn more: news.gov.bc.ca/16885
Church of St Andrew, Monument to John second duke of Suffolk (d.1492) and Lady Alice Chaucer (d. 1475), Alabaster
detail Saracen's head
The tomb stands on a purpose built chest. Decorated with quatrefoils, filled with now blank heraldic, shields and under a wide arch with further decoration, which allows for the squint with a view of the high altar from the de la Pole chantry (now the vestry). The framing columns must have extended higher as the heraldic beasts (a dog(?) and a tame lion that looks more like a begging lap-dog) which frame another Saracen’s head are no longer connected with the tomb. There is damage, besides the obvious vandalism: both of Lady Alice’s arms are broken and the angel once supporting her cushion has lost its head and arms.
The details are finely carved: their coronets, the duke’s finely combed hair, his stern features, tassel holding his cloak and belt, Lady Alice’s veil (linen) and the fine detail of her neckpiece.
John de la Pole, the only son of William first duke of Suffolk (1396–1450), suffered as a result of his father’s downfall. Duke William had been a successful courtier and Henry VI's favourite, a relationship treated with increasing suspicion resulting in the popular outcry of 1450 leading to his impeachment by the Commons. Although not convicted, Duke William was exiled and murdered when the boat on which he was sailing to the Netherlands was intercepted. His son was stripped of his father’s valuable appointments, reducing his income below that expected of a duke. His marriage in 1458 to Elizabeth, the daughter of Richard, duke of York, never brought the material advancement that he could reasonably have expected. When their son Lincoln was attainted for treason and suffered forfeiture in 1487, Suffolk was allowed to save the family lands held by his son, but only during his life-time. On his death the attenuated inheritance meant that his next son, Edmund de la Pole, gave up the title of duke in return for forfeited lands.
Michael Hicks, ‘Pole, John de la, second duke of Suffolk (1442–1492)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004 [www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/22450, accessed 30 April 2014]
The Morris-Jumel Mansion was built in 1765 as a summer house by Colonel Roger Morris for his wife, Mary Philipse and their family on approximately 135 acres of land that stretched from the Harlem to Hudson rivers between what is now 140th and approximately 18oth streets. Their country estate was named Mount Morris and, being situated on one of the highest points of Manhattan, offered clear views of New Jersey, Connecticut, and all of New York harbor. In addition to serving as a summer retreat, Mount Morris was also a working farm with fruit trees, cows, and sheep in addition to a variety of crops.
With the outbreak of the American Revolutionary War, the Morris family abandoned their summer home. Then, in the autumn of 1776, General George Washington and his Patriot officers moved in and made the house their headquarters from September 14th to October 21st. The superb views from Mount Morris made the location ideal for observing troop movements and General Washington used this advantage to plan his army’s first successful victory; the Battle of Harlem Heights. Despite this victory, on October 21st, General Washington was forced to retreat to White Plains. For the remainder of the war, the house was used as a headquarters for both British and Hessian armies.
Following the war, the estate was confiscated under the Forfeiture Laws by the State of New York and sold to cover war debts. For a time, it served as a tavern; however, after some years, the tavern became unsuccessful and the house was abandoned once again. Then on July 10th of 1790, now President George Washington held his first Cabinet dinner at the same place he scored his first victory during the Revolutionary War. n 1810, Eliza and Stephen Jumel purchased Mount Morris, all farmlands, and began a series of alterations to the house. A merchant from the south of France, who emigrated to New York some years earlier, Stephen met and married Eliza Bowen in New York. She grew up in a poor Rhode Island family, a voracious reader and self-educated, she developed into a shrewd businesswoman long before most women worked outside the home, let alone ran businesses. At a moment when Stephen's business was foundering, Eliza applied herself to the real estate trade, buying and selling land and renting properties downtown. Her success made large profits for her husband and herself, making her one of the wealthiest women in New York, after Stephen’s death.
By the 1880s, most of the Jumel land had been sold as the city expanded and fashionable townhouses rose immediately surrounding the Mansion. The City of New York purchased the house and the two acres it sits on creating Roger Morris Park. With the assistance of the DAR, the Mansion was turned into a historic house and museum. The mid-20th Century saw the neighborhood develop into a vibrant home to many artists and celebrities including Paul Robeson, Jackie Robinson, Thurgood Marshall, and Duke Ellington, who once referred to the Morris-Jumel Mansion as “the jewel in the crown of Sugar Hill.” The buildings in this district are protected by the New York Landmarks Commission and must be maintained by their owners reflective of when they were built. Because of this, the appearance of the neighborhood has changed very little since the beginning of the twentieth century.
Today, the Morris-Jumel Mansion is the oldest house in Manhattan and as a museum highlights the art, architecture and lives of the Morris and Jumel families, while celebrating the changing landscape from the now lost Polo Grounds to the contemporary artists who find inspiration from this over 250 year old structure, and culture. We hope to see you soon to experience all that is new at Manhattan’s oldest house.
"As Manhattan’s oldest residence, the Morris-Jumel Mansion Museum presents American life from the colonial era to the present by preserving, collecting, and interpreting history, culture, and the arts to engage and inspire diverse audiences.
Morris-Jumel Mansion, Inc. operates the Morris -Jumel Mansion as a historic house museum and thereby seeks to preserve and interpret Manhattan’s oldest residence, one that has witnessed the evolution of northern Manhattan from rural countryside to a dynamic multicultural community. Through historic site tours and education programs, the museum interprets the mansion in the context of domestic life in New York City from 1765 until 1865, the influx of European immigrants to Washington Heights in the late 1800’s, the City Beautiful movement at the turn of the century, the life of the Jumel Terrace Historic District, and more recent immigration. Morris-Jumel Mansion seeks to serve as a cultural resource for an audience of national and international visitors and, in particular, the diverse audiences of the City of New York."
The Morris-Jumel Mansion was built in 1765 as a summer house by Colonel Roger Morris for his wife, Mary Philipse and their family on approximately 135 acres of land that stretched from the Harlem to Hudson rivers between what is now 140th and approximately 18oth streets. Their country estate was named Mount Morris and, being situated on one of the highest points of Manhattan, offered clear views of New Jersey, Connecticut, and all of New York harbor. In addition to serving as a summer retreat, Mount Morris was also a working farm with fruit trees, cows, and sheep in addition to a variety of crops.
With the outbreak of the American Revolutionary War, the Morris family abandoned their summer home. Then, in the autumn of 1776, General George Washington and his Patriot officers moved in and made the house their headquarters from September 14th to October 21st. The superb views from Mount Morris made the location ideal for observing troop movements and General Washington used this advantage to plan his army’s first successful victory; the Battle of Harlem Heights. Despite this victory, on October 21st, General Washington was forced to retreat to White Plains. For the remainder of the war, the house was used as a headquarters for both British and Hessian armies.
Following the war, the estate was confiscated under the Forfeiture Laws by the State of New York and sold to cover war debts. For a time, it served as a tavern; however, after some years, the tavern became unsuccessful and the house was abandoned once again. Then on July 10th of 1790, now President George Washington held his first Cabinet dinner at the same place he scored his first victory during the Revolutionary War. n 1810, Eliza and Stephen Jumel purchased Mount Morris, all farmlands, and began a series of alterations to the house. A merchant from the south of France, who emigrated to New York some years earlier, Stephen met and married Eliza Bowen in New York. She grew up in a poor Rhode Island family, a voracious reader and self-educated, she developed into a shrewd businesswoman long before most women worked outside the home, let alone ran businesses. At a moment when Stephen's business was foundering, Eliza applied herself to the real estate trade, buying and selling land and renting properties downtown. Her success made large profits for her husband and herself, making her one of the wealthiest women in New York, after Stephen’s death.
By the 1880s, most of the Jumel land had been sold as the city expanded and fashionable townhouses rose immediately surrounding the Mansion. The City of New York purchased the house and the two acres it sits on creating Roger Morris Park. With the assistance of the DAR, the Mansion was turned into a historic house and museum. The mid-20th Century saw the neighborhood develop into a vibrant home to many artists and celebrities including Paul Robeson, Jackie Robinson, Thurgood Marshall, and Duke Ellington, who once referred to the Morris-Jumel Mansion as “the jewel in the crown of Sugar Hill.” The buildings in this district are protected by the New York Landmarks Commission and must be maintained by their owners reflective of when they were built. Because of this, the appearance of the neighborhood has changed very little since the beginning of the twentieth century.
Today, the Morris-Jumel Mansion is the oldest house in Manhattan and as a museum highlights the art, architecture and lives of the Morris and Jumel families, while celebrating the changing landscape from the now lost Polo Grounds to the contemporary artists who find inspiration from this over 250 year old structure, and culture. We hope to see you soon to experience all that is new at Manhattan’s oldest house.
"As Manhattan’s oldest residence, the Morris-Jumel Mansion Museum presents American life from the colonial era to the present by preserving, collecting, and interpreting history, culture, and the arts to engage and inspire diverse audiences.
Morris-Jumel Mansion, Inc. operates the Morris -Jumel Mansion as a historic house museum and thereby seeks to preserve and interpret Manhattan’s oldest residence, one that has witnessed the evolution of northern Manhattan from rural countryside to a dynamic multicultural community. Through historic site tours and education programs, the museum interprets the mansion in the context of domestic life in New York City from 1765 until 1865, the influx of European immigrants to Washington Heights in the late 1800’s, the City Beautiful movement at the turn of the century, the life of the Jumel Terrace Historic District, and more recent immigration. Morris-Jumel Mansion seeks to serve as a cultural resource for an audience of national and international visitors and, in particular, the diverse audiences of the City of New York."
Today (Saturday) was the highlight of the churchcrawling calendar: Ride & Stride coupled with Heritage Weekend. The day on which many churches that are usually locked could be found open.
Three years ago, 12 out of 12 were open, and two years ago I think 10 out of 12 were open.
This year would be a different experience.
That is because, some churches are locked all the time outside services, even on Ride and Stride, their only concession is to have the charity signing sheet pinned to a door or in the porch. Maybe some refreshments for the riders and striders, but it seems the days of most churches being open are long gone.
Maybe I was unlucky. But Boughton-Under-Blean, Great Chart, Little Chart were among those locked fast today.
So bad was the experience, with the weather as well, I might not bother next year.
Having walked to the door of Great Chart, a church in a large village on the outskirts of Ashford, there was no wardens, and the church locked, though refreshments available, but again no one came to refresh the used glasses.
The plan was to end at Brookland to see inside the triple candlesnuff tower, but three hours on the Marsh, with most churches visited several times, I gave in and came home.
I got back at quarter to four, there was a brew waiting, andI had bought a couple of small Bakewells from Tesco when I called in to buy pizza for dinner.
I had woken up at seven, with the sound of heavy rain outside. There was even a few rumbles of thunder. The clouds so low and thick that we need the table light on to see.
I made final touches to my plans for the day. Jools was going to stay home. Maybe not get dressed.
I left just after nine, rain was falling steadily. I made my way to the A2, then up to Barham where I turned towards Wigham, before turning off at Addisham.
Addisham is a nice church. Old, but they had replaced the heating and floor a decade back, and it was open as part of Heritage weekend, this one should have been open.
It was, and whilst I took shots of details, I chatted with the two wardens, one of whom remembered my from my previous visit a decade back.
When I left the church, I saw a torrential downpour had started, and the road I parked on had turned into a river. I got soaked in the 15 yards back to the car, and feet wet from the road.
I decided to not go to Hackington in Canterbury, that would require using endless back lanes. Instead I drove back to the A2, then north in driving rain to Boughton-Under-Blean.
Boughton is not often found open, but I battled the partially flooded lanes and traffic forcing me off the road, arriving at the church with the rain coming down just as hard.
I used an umbrella, walked up the path under the trees, meaning it seemed even darker. None of the three doors was unlocked, with the Ride and Stride sheet pinned to the west door, and no refreshments for the riders and striders.
I went back to the car, and decided to head north to find dry weather. Back to the A2, then up to the services for a comfort break and two sausage rolls from Greggs.
Refreshed, and the clouds having parted and blue sky seen, soon sunshine brightened everything.
I had to get through the traffic at the top of Bluebell Hill, then down the A229, before turning off north to get to the banks of the Medway.
I thought I recognised the new road to Burham. It was being built last time I was here. I parked outside, and upon entering I recognised the wooden wheel from the tower for the bells, now hung on the north wall.
I took shots anyway, as I was there. But I now doubted the next church, Wouldham: had I been there before too?
It was a ten minute drive through the narrow streets of the village, but I arrived at the church. Good news was that I did not recognise it.
I walked to the door, turned the handle, and found it locked.
A voice came from inside:
Who is it, what do you want?
I thought the church would be open, I take photographs.
The door opened.
No, the church isn't open today, would you like to come in to take shots?
That would be great, thanks.
Meetings like this is what churchcrawling is all about. We talked long about this and that, and I got my shots. The church though interesting from the outside with its offset tower, but quite plain on the inside.
I set course for Thurnham, a church I have never found open.
I sighed and made my way back to the 229, then down to the M20, before turning east for one junction to Detling.
Next village along is Thurnham, and driving past the pub I could see the church just through the trees below. I turned down the hill, and parked beside a hedge between two mansions. There is a path leading between the large houses to the church.
I walked along to the gate into the churchyard, a bike was parked by the open porch door. A good sign.
Indeed the church was open, I walked in with a huge smile, and the warden was equally pleased to see another visitor.
I explained I had been here on six previous occasions and found it locked, but this was a red letter day as it was open.
I talked for a while with the warden and a rider, who was taking a break. We talk about churches and their fittings.
Little did I know, this was the last church of the day. That would be open.
I was going to go to Hothfield, but the road to the church was closed, so I drove on to Little Chart for the 20th century church there.
I struggled to find it, having driven past it in the rain without realising. Without getting out of the car, I could see a cool box and the Ride and Stride form on it.
This wasn't open either.
My mood got even lower.
Final chance was Great Chart.
Great Chart is a big village on the edge of Ashford, surely there would be wardens and it be open? If it wasn't, I told myself, I would go home.
I parked opposite, walked over in steady rain and found the usual sheet and squash in the porch. The inner door locked.
Bugger it.
I held my promise and turned for home through Ashford to the motorway. It was twenty past two, and the radio went through previews of the games to come.
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Famous for the grave of Walter Burke, in whose arms Nelson died. The church stands low in its valley and is visually undistinguished, but external appearances are misleading as it contains a great deal of interest. Part of the arcade between south aisle and nave is formed of Saxon walling, with a double splayed window visible over the central arch. The wall was cut through by the present arcade in the thirteenth century. There is a standard twelfth-century font of five columns supporting a square bowl. The tower stands in an unusual position to the north-west of the nave, and the doorway between tower and north aisle shows deep notches cut by the bell ropes when the Sanctus bell was rung. By standing outside the door the ringer could see the high altar and the altar of St Blaise in the south chapel. A lancet in the chancel forms a low side window, while a more conventional, although much smaller, low side window exists in the south-east corner of the south aisle. There is also a fine fourteenth-century piscina.
www.kentchurches.info/church.asp?p=Wouldham
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WOLDHAM.
NEXT to the parish of St. Margaret and liberty of Rochester, southward, lies the parish of Woldham, written in the Saxon charters, Wuldaham, in the succeeding Latin ones, Vuldeham, and in the record of Domesday, Oldeham.
This place is supposed to take its name from the Saxon words wolde, a plain open down or hill, free from trees and wood, and ham, a village or dwelling; in the like manner as those large open downs in the north are still called wolds, in opposition to weald, a low woody region. (fn. 1)
It is likewise described in several later grants by the name of Woldeham Monachorum, from its belonging to the monks of Rochester.
THE PARISH of Woldham lies on the eastern bank of the river Medway, something more than two miles from the city of Rochester, in a situation of a very disferent aspect, and far less pleasant than that of the country last described, though so few miles distant from it. The village having the church in it, lies at the foot of the hills, very low, almost close to the river Medway (which is the western boundary of this parish) and from its contiguity to the marshes is accounted far from being healthy. In it there is a handsome sashed brick house, named Woldham house, built by Captain Robert Trevor, of the navy, since the residence of George Guy, esq. About a mile northward, in a situation equally low, and about the same distance from the river, is the house of Starkey's, which, though now only a farm-house, has still a handsome appearance, being a strong building of stone, with gothic windows and door cases, of ashlar stone. Hence, as well as from the back of the village, the hills rise to a great height eastward, as far as Nashenden, being mostly uninclosed, open downs, the soil of which is chalk, much covered with slints, being poor and unfertile, a dreary country.
About forty years ago, in digging a trench from Woldham house up to the open downs, there were found several instruments of an antique form like a wedge, or axe, usually called celts, which were chiefly of brass.
This parish ought antiently to have contributed to the repair of the fourth pier of Rochester bridge. (fn. 2)
ETHELBERT, king of Kent, in the year 751, first gave Vuldeham to the church of St. Andrew, in Rochester; but sometime after it was taken from it, and several kings possessed it, one after the other, till the time of king Edmund, who began his reign in 941, of whom one Ælsstan Heahstanine bought it, at the price of one hundred and twelve marcs of gold, and thirty pounds in money, on whose death, Ælfege, his son, succeeded to it, who by will made in the presence of archbishop Dunstan, about the year 970, made a distribution of all his effects, and devised one part to Christ-church, in Canterbury, one part to the church of Rochester, and the remaining third part to his own wife. Notwithstanding which, one Leossunu, who had married his nephew's widow, endeavoured to set aside this disposition, as well as the archbishop's testimony in relation to it, and entered on them, but they were recovered from him in a solemn trial held at Erhede by the archbishop, for this purpose. After which, on the division of these estates, Vuldeham seems to have been part of that share of them allotted to the church of St. Andrew, in Rochester. King Ethelbert, in the year 995, confirmed Wuldaham, which then contained six mansœ, which the Kentish men called sulings, to St. Andrew's and bishop Godwin.
In the book of Domesday, Woldham is thus described, under the general title of the bishop of Rochester's lands:
The 'same bishop (of Rochester) holds Oldeham. It was taxed for six sulings in the time of king Edward the Confessor, and now for three. The arable land is five carucates. In demesne there are two, and eighteen villeins, with sixteen borderers having six carucates. There are six servants, and one fishery, and sixty acres of meadow. Wood for the pannage of twenty hogs. There is a church. In the time of king Edward the Confessor, and afterwards, it was worth eight pounds, now twelve pounds.
Bishop Gundulph, who was elected to the see of Rochester in the time of the Conqueror, on the division of the revenues of his church, allotted this manor, with its appendages, to the monks; to the use of their refectory, in lieu of Freckenham, in Suffolk, which he took in exchange for it, chusing rather, as the latter lay at so remote a distance from Rochester, that himself and his successors should be put to the inconvenience of going there, than that the monks, or the poor of that parish, should be yearly harrassed in carrying their corn so far, (fn. 3) but bishop Gilbert de Glanvill, on his coming to the see of Rochester in 1185, claiming this manor with its appendages, among others, which had been allotted to them by bishop Gundulph, as belonging to the maintenance of his table, the monks were at last forced to submit. In consequence of which, though he took the church of Woldham from them, yet they continued in possession of the manor till the dissolution of the priory in the 32d year of king Henry VIII.
In the reigns of king Edward I. and II. the bishop of Rochester claimed several liberties, as belonging to all the lands and fees of his church, as did the prior of Rochester in the 21st year of the former reign in this manor, (fn. 4) both equally the same as has been already more fully mentioned under Frindsbury. (fn. 5)
King Edward I. in his 23d year, granted to the prior and convent free warren in all their demesne lands of this manor; so that no one should hunt or take any thing on them which belonged to warren, without their licence, on forfeiture of ten pounds. (fn. 6)
The manor of Woldham, on the dissolution of the priory of Rochester in the 32d year of Henry VIII. was surrendered, with the other possessions of it, into the king's hands, who, in his 33d year settled it on his new-founded dean and chapter of Rochester, with whom the inheritance of it continues at this time.
There is a court leet and court baron held for this manor.
The lessee of it, under the dean and chapter of Rochester, is Mr. Iden Henham.
In the Custumale Roffense there is frequent mention made of a water mill in Woldham, belonging to the above manor, and the custom was, that once a year every house was obliged to send one man for a day, to clear the passage, ditch, and mill-pond, that the water might come well to turn the mill; and there were two particular acres of land, the occupiers of which were to clean the ditch, which led from the river to the millpond.
There were several small parcels of land granted at several times to different persons by the prior and convent of Rochester, lying in Magna and Parva Woldham, being two divisions in this parish, a more particular account of which may be seen in the Registrum Roffense.
RINGS is a manor here, a small part of which extends itself into the adjoining parish of St. Margaret, in Rochester. It was formerly in the possession of Robert de Woldham, after which it became separated into moieties, one of which became part of the estate of the eminent family of Cosington, of Cosington, in Aylesford, and the other became the property of Carter. From the family of Cosington that moiety passed by sale in the reign of Henry VI. to William Whorne, afterwards knighted, and lord-mayor of London, who built Whorne's-place, in Cookstone, where he resided; and the other moiety passed about the same time to Laurence; they, by a mutual deed of conveyance, alienated their joint interest in this manor to William Hadde, of Meriam-court, in Frinsted, who in the 36th year of that reign, gave it to his second son, Mr. John Hadde, whose descendant sold it to Thomas Roydon, esq. of Roydon-hall, in East Peckham, who, among others, in the 31st year of king Henry VIII. procured his estates to be disgavelled by act of parliament. From Roydon this manor passed to Brockhull, of Aldington, in Thurnham, whose descendant, Henry Brockhull, alienated it to Sir John Leveson, alias Lewson, of Whorne's-place, in Cookstone; (fn. 7) after which it passed, in like manner as that seat by sale to the family of Marsham, in which it has continued down to the right hon. Charles lord Romney, the present possessor of it.
STARKEYS is a manor here, lying in that district of this parish called Little Woldham, which was formerly known by the name of the manor of Lyttlyhall and Woldham.
In the reign of king Edward III. it seems to have been in the possession of Richard Byset, who held it as one quarter of a knight's fee in Parva Woldham, (fn. 8) and afterwards passed it away to Henry de Bokeland, who alienated it to Henry Newman, and he held it in the 20th year of that reign of the bishop of Rochester as above-mentioned. His descendant, Henry Newman, conveyed it to Humphry Starkey, descended from the Starkeys, of Wrenbury, and Oulton, in Cheshire, and bore for his arms, Sable, a stork proper, who in the 12th year of king Edward IV. was made recorder of London, and in the 2d year of king Richard III. chief baron of the exchequer, having been knighted before. (fn. 9)
He built a good house here, being a large strong edifice of stone, tho' much larger formerly than it is at present, together with a handsome chapel on this manor, a fragment of the latter only being now left at the east angle of the house, which, from that and his residence here acquired the name of Starkeys. (fn. 10) He died possessed of this manor, and lies buried in St. Leonard's, Shoreditch, in London, leaving four daughters his coheirs; and on the division of their inheritance, this manor fell to the share of Sir John Rainsford, who had married Anne, the youngest of them. His son, of the same name, was a person much in favour with king Henry VIII. who made him a privy counsellor. (fn. 11) He alienated this estate to Lambe, who passed it away to Sir John Leveson, alias Lewson, from which name it was sold, together with the manor of Rings before mentioned, in the reign of king Charles I. to John Marsham, esq. whose descendant, the right hon. Charles lord Romney, is the present possessor of this manor and estate.
SELLERS is a manor, which lies partly in this parish and partly in Burham, which with the mansion of it, called the Hall, alias Woldham ball, was held in the teign of king John, as appears by the inquisitions returned into the treasury in the 12th and 13th years of that reign, by Robert de Woldham Magna, as one quarter of a knight's fee, of the bishop of Rochester. Soon after which the possessors of this manor were called, from it, At-Hall, and in Latin deeds, De Aula. Robert Le Neve was owner of it in the reign of king Edward I. and then held it by the above tenure. His heirs sold it to John Atte Celar, written also At Celere, in Edward III's reign, whose descendant Warine Atte Celar, or De Celario, held this manor in the 30th year of it, and continuing in his descendants, it at length acquired the name of Sellers, as they now began to spell themselves. They bore for their arms, Argent, a saltier between four mullets gules; which arms were painted in a window of this church, and remained very lately in a window of the mansion-house of this manor.
The manor of Sellers remained in this family, till a female heir, about the reign of king Henry VII. carried it in marriage to John Beuly, gent. who bore for his arms, Argent, a chevron between three griffins heads erased, sable, and continuing in his descendants it gained the name of Beuly's-court, though the mansionhouse itself retained that of Hall-place, (fn. 12) alias Woldham hall. In this name of Beuly it continued till the year 1693, when it was alienated to Manley, who bore for their arms, Argent, a sinister hand couped, sable, and were descended from Thomas Manley, of Chester, (fn. 13) in which name it remained down to Mr. William Manley, who resided in it and died in 1779, and this manor became the property of his three sons and coheirs in gavelkind, from whom it was afterwards sold to Joseph Brooke, esq. on the death of whose widow, Mrs. Elizabeth Brooke, in 1796, it came by his will to the Rev. John Kenward Shaw, now of Town Malling, who has taken the name of Brooke, and is the present possessor of this estate. There is a court baron held for this manor.
There are no parochial charities.
WOLDHAM is within the ECCLESIASTICAL JURISDICTION of the diocese and deanry of Rochester.
The church, which is a small building, with a low square tower, on which was formerly a spire steeple, is situated at the south west extremity of the village, and is dedicated to All Saints. The steeple of this church, and much of the fabric, owe their original to the liberality of Stephen Slegge, of this parish, who was sheriff of Kent in the 20th year of king Henry VI. and gave by his will in the 36th year of it, one hundred marcs to be expended on it. It was formerly an appendage to the manor, and as such allotted by bishop Gundulph, in the division which he made of the possessions of his church, to the share of the monks of St. Andrew's; but bishop Gilbere de Glanvill, though he suffered them to retain the manor, yet he wrested this church out of their hands, and it has ever since remained in the possession of the bishops of Rochester, his successors.
Richard, bishop of Rochester, in the 9th year of king Edward I. at the instance of the prior and convent of Rochester, made enquiry by inquisition as to the method which the monks used in taking their portions of tithes within their manors, and what part of them was allowed to the several parish churches, by which it appeared, that in their manor of Woldham, the parish church, and the abbess of Malling took the whole of the tithes of sheaves only, but of other small tithes, it did not nor ever used to take any thing; and he decreed, that the parish church should be content with the tithes of the sheaves of every kind of corn only. All which was confirmed by John, archbishop of Canterbury, by inspeximus next year, anno 1281.
THE PORTION OF TITHES belonging to the abbey of Malling, was given to it by Ralf de Woldham, (fn. 14) being the third part of his tithe of corn, and two parts of the tithe of his demesne in this parish, and Robert de Woldham gave the whole of his tithe of Parva Woldham to it. In the 15th year of king Edward I. this portion of tithes was valued at eight marcs.
An inquisition was made by Thomas de Alkham, and the tenants of Woldham, concerning these tithes in this parish, belonging to the abbess in the 26th year of king Edward III.
In the Registrum Roffense, p. 694, is a particular account of the portions of sheaves, which the abbess took on the several lands in this parish, the names of which, of the owners and occupiers, and the measurement of them are therein mentioned, in which in some, the abbess had two sheaves, and the rector one; in others she had but one, and the rector two; in some she had the tenth sheas with the rector, and in the rest therein mentioned, she had all the tenth of sheaves.
Much dispute having arisen between the rector of this parish and the rector of Snodland, the opposite parish on the other side of the Medway, concerning the tithe of fish, caught within the bounds of this parish by the parishioners of the latter, it was submitted to the final decree of John, bishop of Rochester, who by his instrument, anno 1402, decreed that for the future the parishioners of Snodland, being inhabitants of it at any time going out from thence to fish, with their boats, nets, and other instruments necessary for that purpose, might, either by themselves or by others, draw their nets, and take fish beyond the stream of the main river to the shore of the water situated within the bounds and limits of this parish; that one moiety of the tithe of the fish so caught should belong to the rector of Snodland for the time being, and the other moiety to the rector of Woldham, to be paid to them by the fishers, without any diminution whatsoever. (fn. 15)
The church of Woldham is a discharged living in the king's books, of the clear yearly certified value of 30l. the yearly tenths of which are 1l. 8s. 7¾d. This rectory, in 1716, was augmented by queen Anne's bounty, the sum of 200l. having been contributed to it by different persons. In 1708, here were sixty-five communicants. The bishop of Rochester is patron of this rectory.
Minister of Justice and Attorney General Shirley Bond and Douglas Horne, MLA for Coquitlam-Burke Mountain visit the Coquitlam Fire Hall. Proceeds from civil forfeiture have allowed almost 200 to organizations and communities to receive funds to use for prevention, education and action to improve public safety.
Learn more: www.newsroom.gov.bc.ca/2012/04/55-million-helps-local-saf...
Sir Richard Redman / Redmayne 1426 of Levens, Westmorland and 2nd wife Elizabeth Aldburgh c1417-22, widow of Sir Brian Stapleton of Carlton d1391 by whom she had a son Brian . Elizabeth was the eldest daughter and co-heiress of William de Aldeburgh / Aldburgh, Lord of the manor of Harewood Castle (they married in 1393).
Children at least 2 sons and 2 daughters
1. Matthew d1416 m Johanna daughter of Sir Thomas Tunstall, of Thurland Castle, whose son Edward 1510 www.flickr.com/photos/52219527@N00/8389510178/ succeeded here.
2. Richard of Bossall
3 Joan m Sir Thomas Wentworth
4. daughter m Richard Duckett d1448 of Grayrigg
.
In 1392 Elizabeth and her sister Sibyl www.flickr.com/photos/52219527@N00/8390159566/ jointly inherited Harewood castle and estate on the death of their brother William and were responsibe for building this church c1410.
Sir Richard had m1 and had 1 son Matthew who dsp in his father's lifetime. Sir Richard was Sheriff of Cumberland 1390-1413, later Sheriff and MP for Yorkshire, and Speaker in 1415 of the House of Commons, later taking part in the Battle of Agincourt.,
They were buried in the church of the Black Friars at York with Elizabeth's 1st husband Sir Brian Stapleton
After Elizabeth's death Richard m3 he married Elizabeth daughter of Sir William Gascoigne of Gawthorpe, Chief Justice of England www.flickr.com/photos/52219527@N00/8390344858/
By his will Sir Richard left the manors of Levens and certain Harewood estates to his younger son Richard in trust for his grandson Richard, then a minor ; on the death of this Richard without heirs to his son Richard, and failing heirs of the latter to John Redman, son of Elene Grene, &c. The manors of Kereby and Kirkby (Kirkby Overblow) he devised to Brian de Stapleton, son of Sir Brian
Stapleton by his (Sir Richard's) first wife, Elizabeth Aldeburgh, under certain conditions as to forfeiture, &c.
www.historyofparliamentonline.org/volume/1386-1421/member...
In later years ttheir descendants married into the Gascoigne / Gascoyne family who eventually became Lords of the manor
Sir Richard Redman / Redmayne 1426 of Levens, Westmorland and 2nd wife Elizabeth Aldburgh c1417-22, widow of Sir Brian Stapleton of Carlton d1391 by whom she had a son Brian . Elizabeth was the eldest daughter and co-heiress of William de Aldeburgh / Aldburgh, Lord of the manor of Harewood Castle (they married in 1393).
Children at least 2 sons and 2 daughters
1. Matthew d1416 m Johanna daughter of Sir Thomas Tunstall, of Thurland Castle, whose son Edward 1510 www.flickr.com/photos/52219527@N00/8389510178/ succeeded here.
2. Richard of Bossall
3 Joan m Sir Thomas Wentworth
4. daughter m Richard Duckett d1448 of Grayrigg
.
In 1392 Elizabeth and her sister Sibyl www.flickr.com/photos/52219527@N00/8390159566/ jointly inherited Harewood castle and estate on the death of their brother William and were responsibe for building this church c1410.
Sir Richard had m1 and had 1 son Matthew who dsp in his father's lifetime. Sir Richard was Sheriff of Cumberland 1390-1413, later Sheriff and MP for Yorkshire, and Speaker in 1415 of the House of Commons, later taking part in the Battle of Agincourt.,
They were buried in the church of the Black Friars at York with Elizabeth's 1st husband Sir Brian Stapleton
After Elizabeth's death Richard m3 he married Elizabeth daughter of Sir William Gascoigne of Gawthorpe, Chief Justice of England www.flickr.com/photos/52219527@N00/8390344858/
By his will Sir Richard left the manors of Levens and certain Harewood estates to his younger son Richard in trust for his grandson Richard, then a minor ; on the death of this Richard without heirs to his son Richard, and failing heirs of the latter to John Redman, son of Elene Grene, &c. The manors of Kereby and Kirkby (Kirkby Overblow) he devised to Brian de Stapleton, son of Sir Brian
Stapleton by his (Sir Richard's) first wife, Elizabeth Aldeburgh, under certain conditions as to forfeiture, &c.
www.historyofparliamentonline.org/volume/1386-1421/member...
In later years ttheir descendants married into the Gascoigne / Gascoyne family who eventually became Lords of the manor
The Morris-Jumel Mansion was built in 1765 as a summer house by Colonel Roger Morris for his wife, Mary Philipse and their family on approximately 135 acres of land that stretched from the Harlem to Hudson rivers between what is now 140th and approximately 18oth streets. Their country estate was named Mount Morris and, being situated on one of the highest points of Manhattan, offered clear views of New Jersey, Connecticut, and all of New York harbor. In addition to serving as a summer retreat, Mount Morris was also a working farm with fruit trees, cows, and sheep in addition to a variety of crops.
With the outbreak of the American Revolutionary War, the Morris family abandoned their summer home. Then, in the autumn of 1776, General George Washington and his Patriot officers moved in and made the house their headquarters from September 14th to October 21st. The superb views from Mount Morris made the location ideal for observing troop movements and General Washington used this advantage to plan his army’s first successful victory; the Battle of Harlem Heights. Despite this victory, on October 21st, General Washington was forced to retreat to White Plains. For the remainder of the war, the house was used as a headquarters for both British and Hessian armies.
Following the war, the estate was confiscated under the Forfeiture Laws by the State of New York and sold to cover war debts. For a time, it served as a tavern; however, after some years, the tavern became unsuccessful and the house was abandoned once again. Then on July 10th of 1790, now President George Washington held his first Cabinet dinner at the same place he scored his first victory during the Revolutionary War. n 1810, Eliza and Stephen Jumel purchased Mount Morris, all farmlands, and began a series of alterations to the house. A merchant from the south of France, who emigrated to New York some years earlier, Stephen met and married Eliza Bowen in New York. She grew up in a poor Rhode Island family, a voracious reader and self-educated, she developed into a shrewd businesswoman long before most women worked outside the home, let alone ran businesses. At a moment when Stephen's business was foundering, Eliza applied herself to the real estate trade, buying and selling land and renting properties downtown. Her success made large profits for her husband and herself, making her one of the wealthiest women in New York, after Stephen’s death.
By the 1880s, most of the Jumel land had been sold as the city expanded and fashionable townhouses rose immediately surrounding the Mansion. The City of New York purchased the house and the two acres it sits on creating Roger Morris Park. With the assistance of the DAR, the Mansion was turned into a historic house and museum. The mid-20th Century saw the neighborhood develop into a vibrant home to many artists and celebrities including Paul Robeson, Jackie Robinson, Thurgood Marshall, and Duke Ellington, who once referred to the Morris-Jumel Mansion as “the jewel in the crown of Sugar Hill.” The buildings in this district are protected by the New York Landmarks Commission and must be maintained by their owners reflective of when they were built. Because of this, the appearance of the neighborhood has changed very little since the beginning of the twentieth century.
Today, the Morris-Jumel Mansion is the oldest house in Manhattan and as a museum highlights the art, architecture and lives of the Morris and Jumel families, while celebrating the changing landscape from the now lost Polo Grounds to the contemporary artists who find inspiration from this over 250 year old structure, and culture. We hope to see you soon to experience all that is new at Manhattan’s oldest house.
"As Manhattan’s oldest residence, the Morris-Jumel Mansion Museum presents American life from the colonial era to the present by preserving, collecting, and interpreting history, culture, and the arts to engage and inspire diverse audiences.
Morris-Jumel Mansion, Inc. operates the Morris -Jumel Mansion as a historic house museum and thereby seeks to preserve and interpret Manhattan’s oldest residence, one that has witnessed the evolution of northern Manhattan from rural countryside to a dynamic multicultural community. Through historic site tours and education programs, the museum interprets the mansion in the context of domestic life in New York City from 1765 until 1865, the influx of European immigrants to Washington Heights in the late 1800’s, the City Beautiful movement at the turn of the century, the life of the Jumel Terrace Historic District, and more recent immigration. Morris-Jumel Mansion seeks to serve as a cultural resource for an audience of national and international visitors and, in particular, the diverse audiences of the City of New York."
Fonte Official Obituary FB Page :
Upon switching their name from Xecutioner to Obituary, the career of one of the most successful and influential Death Metal bands began. Hailing from Florida and featuring John Tardy (vocals), brother Donald Tardy (drums), Trevor Peres (guitar), Allen West (guitar), and Daniel Tucker (bass), the band signed to Roadracer Records, a now defunct division of Roadrunner, for the recording of their debut album—the immense and immeasurably heavy “Slowly We Rot” (1989). The album was engineered by the legendary Scott Burns at Morrisound Studio, which would come to be the most sought after facility for production of albums during 1990’s rise of the Death Metal genre. Unlike much death metal preceding it, the album had a sludgy feel and integrated devastatingly slow passages along with obliterating overtures that reached far beyond any point of mayhem that metal had yet to reach; the result was a carnal pleasure for doom, death and thrash fans alike coupling the adrenaline of a speedball with the slow, degrading measures of a sewer at dusk. Like them or not, Obituary was unlike anything anyone had heard before.
“Slowly We Rot” was chaotic, bass heavy mix of manic guitar solos and crashing drums, but it was undeniably characterized by vocalist John Tardy’s disarmingly horrific, gargling style, that created guttural chasms of dread which though often strived for, to date have been paralleled by none. The ability to augment tempo so drastically became the band’s trademark along with Tardy’s unique vocal style, which distinguished them clearly from the rest of the emerging Florida Death Metal bands; nowhere is this more apparent than on the prophetic title track of their debut. The fact that Obituary refrained from printing lyric sheets with their albums led people to believe that they didn't actually write any lyrics. Some may question the verbosity or absence of documented lyrics, however, any true fan has each grunt, growl and howling grimace committed to memory like an utterance from God in painstaking form—what does not exist can not be remembered, and an Obituary show is testimony to the re-creation of what your ears couldn't believe in the first place. Once again bringing augmentation to irony, Live and Dead worked quite well for the quintet, dividing your conscience yet leaving much to the imagination; not since birth have your senses been so graphically assaulted yet pleased at the same time. While such differing sensations once seemed incongruous, Obituary have proven the ability to merge unlikely dichotomies, from their slow-as-hell-yet-fast-as-fuck style to the non-evil, homegrown approach to what would largely become the satanized, bastardized, make-up wearing movement known as Death Metal.
The maturation of the musicians into songwriters taking more visionary and complex forms would soon be heard world wide as Obituary took metal by storm in 1990. Despite their youth upon release of their sophomore offering, “Cause of Death” embodied the confident swagger of the most fearsome pack-leading hound. From the insidious growls of John’s vocals to the barrage of Donald Tardy’s thunderously-metered explosions of double bass, “Cause of Death” was the intention and method as promised by the early threat of “Slowly We Rot”; for Obituary, Death was just the beginning. Accordingly, the title track alone (“Cause of Death”) would be heard, regurgitated, manipulated, complimented and collapsed—but never duplicated—on third and forth generation death metal albums for years to come. Lovecraftian imagery and aural morbidity aside, even a deaf man found fear when confronted by the formidable visage of guitarist Peres; entering Frank Watkins, the hulking henchman of a bassist from South Florida, finally provided long-needed and powerful rhythm stability to the line up. However, the grinding of the axes would not be complete until the return of Xecutioner veteran Allen West, who, along with Peres and Tardy, crafted the foundation for most of Obituary’s most primordial and historic moments. Attack now whole, Obituary had given birth—sight, sound and feel—to a true horror greater than metal had ever known.
The paradox herein lies that Obituary was anything but a summation to and end, but more an exploratory journey into the infinite dehumanization of all that is known, as confronted brazenly by their best selling release yet, “The End Complete” and later followed by the cynical and dark expedition of “World Demise”. Reunited with songwriter West, the band was conjoined like quintuplets sharing life and a name. Though finality was possibly inferred by these titles, Obituary was anything but finished. Ironically, the images conjured by songs such as “Don’t Care”, “Platonic Disease” and “World Demise” seemingly foretold of the millennium as can now be seen daily, displayed plainly across the screens of CNN and reality TV programs world wide; not bad for a bunch of rednecks from Florida with Budweiser dreams and bongwater nightmares.
2004 brings reason for Obituary fans to rejoice, the sunken eyes and heaving cries have all but abated. Obituary has only aspired to live up to the standard they have set for themselves, one that numerous bands have strived to duplicate, but never attained, falling short both creatively and in lack of the unique talent that each member contributes to the near indescribable Obituary sound. Like a forgotten corpse in the basement, Obituary are back to haunt, taunt and fully pollute your senses. Fermenting like waste in the hot Florida sun, Obituary return from hiatus with the voracity of a starven wretch. The forfeiture of time brings blessings of brutality, and assurance that the Dead shall indeed rise again. Such aural abrasion can only be heard on an Obituary album or the live circumcision of a thirty-year-old man, the choice is yours...
The Morris-Jumel Mansion was built in 1765 as a summer house by Colonel Roger Morris for his wife, Mary Philipse and their family on approximately 135 acres of land that stretched from the Harlem to Hudson rivers between what is now 140th and approximately 18oth streets. Their country estate was named Mount Morris and, being situated on one of the highest points of Manhattan, offered clear views of New Jersey, Connecticut, and all of New York harbor. In addition to serving as a summer retreat, Mount Morris was also a working farm with fruit trees, cows, and sheep in addition to a variety of crops.
With the outbreak of the American Revolutionary War, the Morris family abandoned their summer home. Then, in the autumn of 1776, General George Washington and his Patriot officers moved in and made the house their headquarters from September 14th to October 21st. The superb views from Mount Morris made the location ideal for observing troop movements and General Washington used this advantage to plan his army’s first successful victory; the Battle of Harlem Heights. Despite this victory, on October 21st, General Washington was forced to retreat to White Plains. For the remainder of the war, the house was used as a headquarters for both British and Hessian armies.
Following the war, the estate was confiscated under the Forfeiture Laws by the State of New York and sold to cover war debts. For a time, it served as a tavern; however, after some years, the tavern became unsuccessful and the house was abandoned once again. Then on July 10th of 1790, now President George Washington held his first Cabinet dinner at the same place he scored his first victory during the Revolutionary War. n 1810, Eliza and Stephen Jumel purchased Mount Morris, all farmlands, and began a series of alterations to the house. A merchant from the south of France, who emigrated to New York some years earlier, Stephen met and married Eliza Bowen in New York. She grew up in a poor Rhode Island family, a voracious reader and self-educated, she developed into a shrewd businesswoman long before most women worked outside the home, let alone ran businesses. At a moment when Stephen's business was foundering, Eliza applied herself to the real estate trade, buying and selling land and renting properties downtown. Her success made large profits for her husband and herself, making her one of the wealthiest women in New York, after Stephen’s death.
By the 1880s, most of the Jumel land had been sold as the city expanded and fashionable townhouses rose immediately surrounding the Mansion. The City of New York purchased the house and the two acres it sits on creating Roger Morris Park. With the assistance of the DAR, the Mansion was turned into a historic house and museum. The mid-20th Century saw the neighborhood develop into a vibrant home to many artists and celebrities including Paul Robeson, Jackie Robinson, Thurgood Marshall, and Duke Ellington, who once referred to the Morris-Jumel Mansion as “the jewel in the crown of Sugar Hill.” The buildings in this district are protected by the New York Landmarks Commission and must be maintained by their owners reflective of when they were built. Because of this, the appearance of the neighborhood has changed very little since the beginning of the twentieth century.
Today, the Morris-Jumel Mansion is the oldest house in Manhattan and as a museum highlights the art, architecture and lives of the Morris and Jumel families, while celebrating the changing landscape from the now lost Polo Grounds to the contemporary artists who find inspiration from this over 250 year old structure, and culture. We hope to see you soon to experience all that is new at Manhattan’s oldest house.
"As Manhattan’s oldest residence, the Morris-Jumel Mansion Museum presents American life from the colonial era to the present by preserving, collecting, and interpreting history, culture, and the arts to engage and inspire diverse audiences.
Morris-Jumel Mansion, Inc. operates the Morris -Jumel Mansion as a historic house museum and thereby seeks to preserve and interpret Manhattan’s oldest residence, one that has witnessed the evolution of northern Manhattan from rural countryside to a dynamic multicultural community. Through historic site tours and education programs, the museum interprets the mansion in the context of domestic life in New York City from 1765 until 1865, the influx of European immigrants to Washington Heights in the late 1800’s, the City Beautiful movement at the turn of the century, the life of the Jumel Terrace Historic District, and more recent immigration. Morris-Jumel Mansion seeks to serve as a cultural resource for an audience of national and international visitors and, in particular, the diverse audiences of the City of New York."
Fonte Official Obituary FB Page :
Upon switching their name from Xecutioner to Obituary, the career of one of the most successful and influential Death Metal bands began. Hailing from Florida and featuring John Tardy (vocals), brother Donald Tardy (drums), Trevor Peres (guitar), Allen West (guitar), and Daniel Tucker (bass), the band signed to Roadracer Records, a now defunct division of Roadrunner, for the recording of their debut album—the immense and immeasurably heavy “Slowly We Rot” (1989). The album was engineered by the legendary Scott Burns at Morrisound Studio, which would come to be the most sought after facility for production of albums during 1990’s rise of the Death Metal genre. Unlike much death metal preceding it, the album had a sludgy feel and integrated devastatingly slow passages along with obliterating overtures that reached far beyond any point of mayhem that metal had yet to reach; the result was a carnal pleasure for doom, death and thrash fans alike coupling the adrenaline of a speedball with the slow, degrading measures of a sewer at dusk. Like them or not, Obituary was unlike anything anyone had heard before.
“Slowly We Rot” was chaotic, bass heavy mix of manic guitar solos and crashing drums, but it was undeniably characterized by vocalist John Tardy’s disarmingly horrific, gargling style, that created guttural chasms of dread which though often strived for, to date have been paralleled by none. The ability to augment tempo so drastically became the band’s trademark along with Tardy’s unique vocal style, which distinguished them clearly from the rest of the emerging Florida Death Metal bands; nowhere is this more apparent than on the prophetic title track of their debut. The fact that Obituary refrained from printing lyric sheets with their albums led people to believe that they didn't actually write any lyrics. Some may question the verbosity or absence of documented lyrics, however, any true fan has each grunt, growl and howling grimace committed to memory like an utterance from God in painstaking form—what does not exist can not be remembered, and an Obituary show is testimony to the re-creation of what your ears couldn't believe in the first place. Once again bringing augmentation to irony, Live and Dead worked quite well for the quintet, dividing your conscience yet leaving much to the imagination; not since birth have your senses been so graphically assaulted yet pleased at the same time. While such differing sensations once seemed incongruous, Obituary have proven the ability to merge unlikely dichotomies, from their slow-as-hell-yet-fast-as-fuck style to the non-evil, homegrown approach to what would largely become the satanized, bastardized, make-up wearing movement known as Death Metal.
The maturation of the musicians into songwriters taking more visionary and complex forms would soon be heard world wide as Obituary took metal by storm in 1990. Despite their youth upon release of their sophomore offering, “Cause of Death” embodied the confident swagger of the most fearsome pack-leading hound. From the insidious growls of John’s vocals to the barrage of Donald Tardy’s thunderously-metered explosions of double bass, “Cause of Death” was the intention and method as promised by the early threat of “Slowly We Rot”; for Obituary, Death was just the beginning. Accordingly, the title track alone (“Cause of Death”) would be heard, regurgitated, manipulated, complimented and collapsed—but never duplicated—on third and forth generation death metal albums for years to come. Lovecraftian imagery and aural morbidity aside, even a deaf man found fear when confronted by the formidable visage of guitarist Peres; entering Frank Watkins, the hulking henchman of a bassist from South Florida, finally provided long-needed and powerful rhythm stability to the line up. However, the grinding of the axes would not be complete until the return of Xecutioner veteran Allen West, who, along with Peres and Tardy, crafted the foundation for most of Obituary’s most primordial and historic moments. Attack now whole, Obituary had given birth—sight, sound and feel—to a true horror greater than metal had ever known.
The paradox herein lies that Obituary was anything but a summation to and end, but more an exploratory journey into the infinite dehumanization of all that is known, as confronted brazenly by their best selling release yet, “The End Complete” and later followed by the cynical and dark expedition of “World Demise”. Reunited with songwriter West, the band was conjoined like quintuplets sharing life and a name. Though finality was possibly inferred by these titles, Obituary was anything but finished. Ironically, the images conjured by songs such as “Don’t Care”, “Platonic Disease” and “World Demise” seemingly foretold of the millennium as can now be seen daily, displayed plainly across the screens of CNN and reality TV programs world wide; not bad for a bunch of rednecks from Florida with Budweiser dreams and bongwater nightmares.
2004 brings reason for Obituary fans to rejoice, the sunken eyes and heaving cries have all but abated. Obituary has only aspired to live up to the standard they have set for themselves, one that numerous bands have strived to duplicate, but never attained, falling short both creatively and in lack of the unique talent that each member contributes to the near indescribable Obituary sound. Like a forgotten corpse in the basement, Obituary are back to haunt, taunt and fully pollute your senses. Fermenting like waste in the hot Florida sun, Obituary return from hiatus with the voracity of a starven wretch. The forfeiture of time brings blessings of brutality, and assurance that the Dead shall indeed rise again. Such aural abrasion can only be heard on an Obituary album or the live circumcision of a thirty-year-old man, the choice is yours...
Today (Saturday) was the highlight of the churchcrawling calendar: Ride & Stride coupled with Heritage Weekend. The day on which many churches that are usually locked could be found open.
Three years ago, 12 out of 12 were open, and two years ago I think 10 out of 12 were open.
This year would be a different experience.
That is because, some churches are locked all the time outside services, even on Ride and Stride, their only concession is to have the charity signing sheet pinned to a door or in the porch. Maybe some refreshments for the riders and striders, but it seems the days of most churches being open are long gone.
Maybe I was unlucky. But Boughton-Under-Blean, Great Chart, Little Chart were among those locked fast today.
So bad was the experience, with the weather as well, I might not bother next year.
Having walked to the door of Great Chart, a church in a large village on the outskirts of Ashford, there was no wardens, and the church locked, though refreshments available, but again no one came to refresh the used glasses.
The plan was to end at Brookland to see inside the triple candlesnuff tower, but three hours on the Marsh, with most churches visited several times, I gave in and came home.
I got back at quarter to four, there was a brew waiting, andI had bought a couple of small Bakewells from Tesco when I called in to buy pizza for dinner.
I had woken up at seven, with the sound of heavy rain outside. There was even a few rumbles of thunder. The clouds so low and thick that we need the table light on to see.
I made final touches to my plans for the day. Jools was going to stay home. Maybe not get dressed.
I left just after nine, rain was falling steadily. I made my way to the A2, then up to Barham where I turned towards Wigham, before turning off at Addisham.
Addisham is a nice church. Old, but they had replaced the heating and floor a decade back, and it was open as part of Heritage weekend, this one should have been open.
It was, and whilst I took shots of details, I chatted with the two wardens, one of whom remembered my from my previous visit a decade back.
When I left the church, I saw a torrential downpour had started, and the road I parked on had turned into a river. I got soaked in the 15 yards back to the car, and feet wet from the road.
I decided to not go to Hackington in Canterbury, that would require using endless back lanes. Instead I drove back to the A2, then north in driving rain to Boughton-Under-Blean.
Boughton is not often found open, but I battled the partially flooded lanes and traffic forcing me off the road, arriving at the church with the rain coming down just as hard.
I used an umbrella, walked up the path under the trees, meaning it seemed even darker. None of the three doors was unlocked, with the Ride and Stride sheet pinned to the west door, and no refreshments for the riders and striders.
I went back to the car, and decided to head north to find dry weather. Back to the A2, then up to the services for a comfort break and two sausage rolls from Greggs.
Refreshed, and the clouds having parted and blue sky seen, soon sunshine brightened everything.
I had to get through the traffic at the top of Bluebell Hill, then down the A229, before turning off north to get to the banks of the Medway.
I thought I recognised the new road to Burham. It was being built last time I was here. I parked outside, and upon entering I recognised the wooden wheel from the tower for the bells, now hung on the north wall.
I took shots anyway, as I was there. But I now doubted the next church, Wouldham: had I been there before too?
It was a ten minute drive through the narrow streets of the village, but I arrived at the church. Good news was that I did not recognise it.
I walked to the door, turned the handle, and found it locked.
A voice came from inside:
Who is it, what do you want?
I thought the church would be open, I take photographs.
The door opened.
No, the church isn't open today, would you like to come in to take shots?
That would be great, thanks.
Meetings like this is what churchcrawling is all about. We talked long about this and that, and I got my shots. The church though interesting from the outside with its offset tower, but quite plain on the inside.
I set course for Thurnham, a church I have never found open.
I sighed and made my way back to the 229, then down to the M20, before turning east for one junction to Detling.
Next village along is Thurnham, and driving past the pub I could see the church just through the trees below. I turned down the hill, and parked beside a hedge between two mansions. There is a path leading between the large houses to the church.
I walked along to the gate into the churchyard, a bike was parked by the open porch door. A good sign.
Indeed the church was open, I walked in with a huge smile, and the warden was equally pleased to see another visitor.
I explained I had been here on six previous occasions and found it locked, but this was a red letter day as it was open.
I talked for a while with the warden and a rider, who was taking a break. We talk about churches and their fittings.
Little did I know, this was the last church of the day. That would be open.
I was going to go to Hothfield, but the road to the church was closed, so I drove on to Little Chart for the 20th century church there.
I struggled to find it, having driven past it in the rain without realising. Without getting out of the car, I could see a cool box and the Ride and Stride form on it.
This wasn't open either.
My mood got even lower.
Final chance was Great Chart.
Great Chart is a big village on the edge of Ashford, surely there would be wardens and it be open? If it wasn't, I told myself, I would go home.
I parked opposite, walked over in steady rain and found the usual sheet and squash in the porch. The inner door locked.
Bugger it.
I held my promise and turned for home through Ashford to the motorway. It was twenty past two, and the radio went through previews of the games to come.
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Famous for the grave of Walter Burke, in whose arms Nelson died. The church stands low in its valley and is visually undistinguished, but external appearances are misleading as it contains a great deal of interest. Part of the arcade between south aisle and nave is formed of Saxon walling, with a double splayed window visible over the central arch. The wall was cut through by the present arcade in the thirteenth century. There is a standard twelfth-century font of five columns supporting a square bowl. The tower stands in an unusual position to the north-west of the nave, and the doorway between tower and north aisle shows deep notches cut by the bell ropes when the Sanctus bell was rung. By standing outside the door the ringer could see the high altar and the altar of St Blaise in the south chapel. A lancet in the chancel forms a low side window, while a more conventional, although much smaller, low side window exists in the south-east corner of the south aisle. There is also a fine fourteenth-century piscina.
www.kentchurches.info/church.asp?p=Wouldham
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WOLDHAM.
NEXT to the parish of St. Margaret and liberty of Rochester, southward, lies the parish of Woldham, written in the Saxon charters, Wuldaham, in the succeeding Latin ones, Vuldeham, and in the record of Domesday, Oldeham.
This place is supposed to take its name from the Saxon words wolde, a plain open down or hill, free from trees and wood, and ham, a village or dwelling; in the like manner as those large open downs in the north are still called wolds, in opposition to weald, a low woody region. (fn. 1)
It is likewise described in several later grants by the name of Woldeham Monachorum, from its belonging to the monks of Rochester.
THE PARISH of Woldham lies on the eastern bank of the river Medway, something more than two miles from the city of Rochester, in a situation of a very disferent aspect, and far less pleasant than that of the country last described, though so few miles distant from it. The village having the church in it, lies at the foot of the hills, very low, almost close to the river Medway (which is the western boundary of this parish) and from its contiguity to the marshes is accounted far from being healthy. In it there is a handsome sashed brick house, named Woldham house, built by Captain Robert Trevor, of the navy, since the residence of George Guy, esq. About a mile northward, in a situation equally low, and about the same distance from the river, is the house of Starkey's, which, though now only a farm-house, has still a handsome appearance, being a strong building of stone, with gothic windows and door cases, of ashlar stone. Hence, as well as from the back of the village, the hills rise to a great height eastward, as far as Nashenden, being mostly uninclosed, open downs, the soil of which is chalk, much covered with slints, being poor and unfertile, a dreary country.
About forty years ago, in digging a trench from Woldham house up to the open downs, there were found several instruments of an antique form like a wedge, or axe, usually called celts, which were chiefly of brass.
This parish ought antiently to have contributed to the repair of the fourth pier of Rochester bridge. (fn. 2)
ETHELBERT, king of Kent, in the year 751, first gave Vuldeham to the church of St. Andrew, in Rochester; but sometime after it was taken from it, and several kings possessed it, one after the other, till the time of king Edmund, who began his reign in 941, of whom one Ælsstan Heahstanine bought it, at the price of one hundred and twelve marcs of gold, and thirty pounds in money, on whose death, Ælfege, his son, succeeded to it, who by will made in the presence of archbishop Dunstan, about the year 970, made a distribution of all his effects, and devised one part to Christ-church, in Canterbury, one part to the church of Rochester, and the remaining third part to his own wife. Notwithstanding which, one Leossunu, who had married his nephew's widow, endeavoured to set aside this disposition, as well as the archbishop's testimony in relation to it, and entered on them, but they were recovered from him in a solemn trial held at Erhede by the archbishop, for this purpose. After which, on the division of these estates, Vuldeham seems to have been part of that share of them allotted to the church of St. Andrew, in Rochester. King Ethelbert, in the year 995, confirmed Wuldaham, which then contained six mansœ, which the Kentish men called sulings, to St. Andrew's and bishop Godwin.
In the book of Domesday, Woldham is thus described, under the general title of the bishop of Rochester's lands:
The 'same bishop (of Rochester) holds Oldeham. It was taxed for six sulings in the time of king Edward the Confessor, and now for three. The arable land is five carucates. In demesne there are two, and eighteen villeins, with sixteen borderers having six carucates. There are six servants, and one fishery, and sixty acres of meadow. Wood for the pannage of twenty hogs. There is a church. In the time of king Edward the Confessor, and afterwards, it was worth eight pounds, now twelve pounds.
Bishop Gundulph, who was elected to the see of Rochester in the time of the Conqueror, on the division of the revenues of his church, allotted this manor, with its appendages, to the monks; to the use of their refectory, in lieu of Freckenham, in Suffolk, which he took in exchange for it, chusing rather, as the latter lay at so remote a distance from Rochester, that himself and his successors should be put to the inconvenience of going there, than that the monks, or the poor of that parish, should be yearly harrassed in carrying their corn so far, (fn. 3) but bishop Gilbert de Glanvill, on his coming to the see of Rochester in 1185, claiming this manor with its appendages, among others, which had been allotted to them by bishop Gundulph, as belonging to the maintenance of his table, the monks were at last forced to submit. In consequence of which, though he took the church of Woldham from them, yet they continued in possession of the manor till the dissolution of the priory in the 32d year of king Henry VIII.
In the reigns of king Edward I. and II. the bishop of Rochester claimed several liberties, as belonging to all the lands and fees of his church, as did the prior of Rochester in the 21st year of the former reign in this manor, (fn. 4) both equally the same as has been already more fully mentioned under Frindsbury. (fn. 5)
King Edward I. in his 23d year, granted to the prior and convent free warren in all their demesne lands of this manor; so that no one should hunt or take any thing on them which belonged to warren, without their licence, on forfeiture of ten pounds. (fn. 6)
The manor of Woldham, on the dissolution of the priory of Rochester in the 32d year of Henry VIII. was surrendered, with the other possessions of it, into the king's hands, who, in his 33d year settled it on his new-founded dean and chapter of Rochester, with whom the inheritance of it continues at this time.
There is a court leet and court baron held for this manor.
The lessee of it, under the dean and chapter of Rochester, is Mr. Iden Henham.
In the Custumale Roffense there is frequent mention made of a water mill in Woldham, belonging to the above manor, and the custom was, that once a year every house was obliged to send one man for a day, to clear the passage, ditch, and mill-pond, that the water might come well to turn the mill; and there were two particular acres of land, the occupiers of which were to clean the ditch, which led from the river to the millpond.
There were several small parcels of land granted at several times to different persons by the prior and convent of Rochester, lying in Magna and Parva Woldham, being two divisions in this parish, a more particular account of which may be seen in the Registrum Roffense.
RINGS is a manor here, a small part of which extends itself into the adjoining parish of St. Margaret, in Rochester. It was formerly in the possession of Robert de Woldham, after which it became separated into moieties, one of which became part of the estate of the eminent family of Cosington, of Cosington, in Aylesford, and the other became the property of Carter. From the family of Cosington that moiety passed by sale in the reign of Henry VI. to William Whorne, afterwards knighted, and lord-mayor of London, who built Whorne's-place, in Cookstone, where he resided; and the other moiety passed about the same time to Laurence; they, by a mutual deed of conveyance, alienated their joint interest in this manor to William Hadde, of Meriam-court, in Frinsted, who in the 36th year of that reign, gave it to his second son, Mr. John Hadde, whose descendant sold it to Thomas Roydon, esq. of Roydon-hall, in East Peckham, who, among others, in the 31st year of king Henry VIII. procured his estates to be disgavelled by act of parliament. From Roydon this manor passed to Brockhull, of Aldington, in Thurnham, whose descendant, Henry Brockhull, alienated it to Sir John Leveson, alias Lewson, of Whorne's-place, in Cookstone; (fn. 7) after which it passed, in like manner as that seat by sale to the family of Marsham, in which it has continued down to the right hon. Charles lord Romney, the present possessor of it.
STARKEYS is a manor here, lying in that district of this parish called Little Woldham, which was formerly known by the name of the manor of Lyttlyhall and Woldham.
In the reign of king Edward III. it seems to have been in the possession of Richard Byset, who held it as one quarter of a knight's fee in Parva Woldham, (fn. 8) and afterwards passed it away to Henry de Bokeland, who alienated it to Henry Newman, and he held it in the 20th year of that reign of the bishop of Rochester as above-mentioned. His descendant, Henry Newman, conveyed it to Humphry Starkey, descended from the Starkeys, of Wrenbury, and Oulton, in Cheshire, and bore for his arms, Sable, a stork proper, who in the 12th year of king Edward IV. was made recorder of London, and in the 2d year of king Richard III. chief baron of the exchequer, having been knighted before. (fn. 9)
He built a good house here, being a large strong edifice of stone, tho' much larger formerly than it is at present, together with a handsome chapel on this manor, a fragment of the latter only being now left at the east angle of the house, which, from that and his residence here acquired the name of Starkeys. (fn. 10) He died possessed of this manor, and lies buried in St. Leonard's, Shoreditch, in London, leaving four daughters his coheirs; and on the division of their inheritance, this manor fell to the share of Sir John Rainsford, who had married Anne, the youngest of them. His son, of the same name, was a person much in favour with king Henry VIII. who made him a privy counsellor. (fn. 11) He alienated this estate to Lambe, who passed it away to Sir John Leveson, alias Lewson, from which name it was sold, together with the manor of Rings before mentioned, in the reign of king Charles I. to John Marsham, esq. whose descendant, the right hon. Charles lord Romney, is the present possessor of this manor and estate.
SELLERS is a manor, which lies partly in this parish and partly in Burham, which with the mansion of it, called the Hall, alias Woldham ball, was held in the teign of king John, as appears by the inquisitions returned into the treasury in the 12th and 13th years of that reign, by Robert de Woldham Magna, as one quarter of a knight's fee, of the bishop of Rochester. Soon after which the possessors of this manor were called, from it, At-Hall, and in Latin deeds, De Aula. Robert Le Neve was owner of it in the reign of king Edward I. and then held it by the above tenure. His heirs sold it to John Atte Celar, written also At Celere, in Edward III's reign, whose descendant Warine Atte Celar, or De Celario, held this manor in the 30th year of it, and continuing in his descendants, it at length acquired the name of Sellers, as they now began to spell themselves. They bore for their arms, Argent, a saltier between four mullets gules; which arms were painted in a window of this church, and remained very lately in a window of the mansion-house of this manor.
The manor of Sellers remained in this family, till a female heir, about the reign of king Henry VII. carried it in marriage to John Beuly, gent. who bore for his arms, Argent, a chevron between three griffins heads erased, sable, and continuing in his descendants it gained the name of Beuly's-court, though the mansionhouse itself retained that of Hall-place, (fn. 12) alias Woldham hall. In this name of Beuly it continued till the year 1693, when it was alienated to Manley, who bore for their arms, Argent, a sinister hand couped, sable, and were descended from Thomas Manley, of Chester, (fn. 13) in which name it remained down to Mr. William Manley, who resided in it and died in 1779, and this manor became the property of his three sons and coheirs in gavelkind, from whom it was afterwards sold to Joseph Brooke, esq. on the death of whose widow, Mrs. Elizabeth Brooke, in 1796, it came by his will to the Rev. John Kenward Shaw, now of Town Malling, who has taken the name of Brooke, and is the present possessor of this estate. There is a court baron held for this manor.
There are no parochial charities.
WOLDHAM is within the ECCLESIASTICAL JURISDICTION of the diocese and deanry of Rochester.
The church, which is a small building, with a low square tower, on which was formerly a spire steeple, is situated at the south west extremity of the village, and is dedicated to All Saints. The steeple of this church, and much of the fabric, owe their original to the liberality of Stephen Slegge, of this parish, who was sheriff of Kent in the 20th year of king Henry VI. and gave by his will in the 36th year of it, one hundred marcs to be expended on it. It was formerly an appendage to the manor, and as such allotted by bishop Gundulph, in the division which he made of the possessions of his church, to the share of the monks of St. Andrew's; but bishop Gilbere de Glanvill, though he suffered them to retain the manor, yet he wrested this church out of their hands, and it has ever since remained in the possession of the bishops of Rochester, his successors.
Richard, bishop of Rochester, in the 9th year of king Edward I. at the instance of the prior and convent of Rochester, made enquiry by inquisition as to the method which the monks used in taking their portions of tithes within their manors, and what part of them was allowed to the several parish churches, by which it appeared, that in their manor of Woldham, the parish church, and the abbess of Malling took the whole of the tithes of sheaves only, but of other small tithes, it did not nor ever used to take any thing; and he decreed, that the parish church should be content with the tithes of the sheaves of every kind of corn only. All which was confirmed by John, archbishop of Canterbury, by inspeximus next year, anno 1281.
THE PORTION OF TITHES belonging to the abbey of Malling, was given to it by Ralf de Woldham, (fn. 14) being the third part of his tithe of corn, and two parts of the tithe of his demesne in this parish, and Robert de Woldham gave the whole of his tithe of Parva Woldham to it. In the 15th year of king Edward I. this portion of tithes was valued at eight marcs.
An inquisition was made by Thomas de Alkham, and the tenants of Woldham, concerning these tithes in this parish, belonging to the abbess in the 26th year of king Edward III.
In the Registrum Roffense, p. 694, is a particular account of the portions of sheaves, which the abbess took on the several lands in this parish, the names of which, of the owners and occupiers, and the measurement of them are therein mentioned, in which in some, the abbess had two sheaves, and the rector one; in others she had but one, and the rector two; in some she had the tenth sheas with the rector, and in the rest therein mentioned, she had all the tenth of sheaves.
Much dispute having arisen between the rector of this parish and the rector of Snodland, the opposite parish on the other side of the Medway, concerning the tithe of fish, caught within the bounds of this parish by the parishioners of the latter, it was submitted to the final decree of John, bishop of Rochester, who by his instrument, anno 1402, decreed that for the future the parishioners of Snodland, being inhabitants of it at any time going out from thence to fish, with their boats, nets, and other instruments necessary for that purpose, might, either by themselves or by others, draw their nets, and take fish beyond the stream of the main river to the shore of the water situated within the bounds and limits of this parish; that one moiety of the tithe of the fish so caught should belong to the rector of Snodland for the time being, and the other moiety to the rector of Woldham, to be paid to them by the fishers, without any diminution whatsoever. (fn. 15)
The church of Woldham is a discharged living in the king's books, of the clear yearly certified value of 30l. the yearly tenths of which are 1l. 8s. 7¾d. This rectory, in 1716, was augmented by queen Anne's bounty, the sum of 200l. having been contributed to it by different persons. In 1708, here were sixty-five communicants. The bishop of Rochester is patron of this rectory.
The Morris-Jumel Mansion was built in 1765 as a summer house by Colonel Roger Morris for his wife, Mary Philipse and their family on approximately 135 acres of land that stretched from the Harlem to Hudson rivers between what is now 140th and approximately 18oth streets. Their country estate was named Mount Morris and, being situated on one of the highest points of Manhattan, offered clear views of New Jersey, Connecticut, and all of New York harbor. In addition to serving as a summer retreat, Mount Morris was also a working farm with fruit trees, cows, and sheep in addition to a variety of crops.
With the outbreak of the American Revolutionary War, the Morris family abandoned their summer home. Then, in the autumn of 1776, General George Washington and his Patriot officers moved in and made the house their headquarters from September 14th to October 21st. The superb views from Mount Morris made the location ideal for observing troop movements and General Washington used this advantage to plan his army’s first successful victory; the Battle of Harlem Heights. Despite this victory, on October 21st, General Washington was forced to retreat to White Plains. For the remainder of the war, the house was used as a headquarters for both British and Hessian armies.
Following the war, the estate was confiscated under the Forfeiture Laws by the State of New York and sold to cover war debts. For a time, it served as a tavern; however, after some years, the tavern became unsuccessful and the house was abandoned once again. Then on July 10th of 1790, now President George Washington held his first Cabinet dinner at the same place he scored his first victory during the Revolutionary War. n 1810, Eliza and Stephen Jumel purchased Mount Morris, all farmlands, and began a series of alterations to the house. A merchant from the south of France, who emigrated to New York some years earlier, Stephen met and married Eliza Bowen in New York. She grew up in a poor Rhode Island family, a voracious reader and self-educated, she developed into a shrewd businesswoman long before most women worked outside the home, let alone ran businesses. At a moment when Stephen's business was foundering, Eliza applied herself to the real estate trade, buying and selling land and renting properties downtown. Her success made large profits for her husband and herself, making her one of the wealthiest women in New York, after Stephen’s death.
By the 1880s, most of the Jumel land had been sold as the city expanded and fashionable townhouses rose immediately surrounding the Mansion. The City of New York purchased the house and the two acres it sits on creating Roger Morris Park. With the assistance of the DAR, the Mansion was turned into a historic house and museum. The mid-20th Century saw the neighborhood develop into a vibrant home to many artists and celebrities including Paul Robeson, Jackie Robinson, Thurgood Marshall, and Duke Ellington, who once referred to the Morris-Jumel Mansion as “the jewel in the crown of Sugar Hill.” The buildings in this district are protected by the New York Landmarks Commission and must be maintained by their owners reflective of when they were built. Because of this, the appearance of the neighborhood has changed very little since the beginning of the twentieth century.
Today, the Morris-Jumel Mansion is the oldest house in Manhattan and as a museum highlights the art, architecture and lives of the Morris and Jumel families, while celebrating the changing landscape from the now lost Polo Grounds to the contemporary artists who find inspiration from this over 250 year old structure, and culture. We hope to see you soon to experience all that is new at Manhattan’s oldest house.
"As Manhattan’s oldest residence, the Morris-Jumel Mansion Museum presents American life from the colonial era to the present by preserving, collecting, and interpreting history, culture, and the arts to engage and inspire diverse audiences.
Morris-Jumel Mansion, Inc. operates the Morris -Jumel Mansion as a historic house museum and thereby seeks to preserve and interpret Manhattan’s oldest residence, one that has witnessed the evolution of northern Manhattan from rural countryside to a dynamic multicultural community. Through historic site tours and education programs, the museum interprets the mansion in the context of domestic life in New York City from 1765 until 1865, the influx of European immigrants to Washington Heights in the late 1800’s, the City Beautiful movement at the turn of the century, the life of the Jumel Terrace Historic District, and more recent immigration. Morris-Jumel Mansion seeks to serve as a cultural resource for an audience of national and international visitors and, in particular, the diverse audiences of the City of New York."
New night vision equipment helps Ridge Meadows RCMP nab criminals, day or night. The new equipment comes courtesy of the Civil Forfeiture Grant program. Civil Forfeiture Grants put money obtained from crime back into the community to help reduce youth involvement in gangs, prevent violence against women and children, and to ensure further crime prevention.
Learn more: www.newsroom.gov.bc.ca/2012/04/55-million-helps-local-saf...
L to R: Dave Walsh, Officer in Charge of Ridge Meadows RCMP; MLA Marc Dalton, Maple Ridge-Mission; Minister of Justice and Attorney General Shirley Bond
Pink shirt day was started in 2007 by two students in Nova Scotia, who stood up for a fellow classmate who was being bullied. Since then, BC has taken a strong stance against bullying and has officially marked the last Wednesday in February as Anti-Bullying Day - where British Columbians throughout the province where pink in solidarity.
Premier Christy Clark visited Point Grey Secondary School in Vancouver to take part in anti-bullying activities, and announced a $15,000 grant for the school to help anti-bullying efforts, as part of $1 Million budgeted from civil-forfeiture proceeds for this purpose.
Learn More: www.newsroom.gov.bc.ca/2013/02/school-led-anti-bullying-e...
Follow @ERASEbullyingBC on Twitter:
The Morris-Jumel Mansion was built in 1765 as a summer house by Colonel Roger Morris for his wife, Mary Philipse and their family on approximately 135 acres of land that stretched from the Harlem to Hudson rivers between what is now 140th and approximately 18oth streets. Their country estate was named Mount Morris and, being situated on one of the highest points of Manhattan, offered clear views of New Jersey, Connecticut, and all of New York harbor. In addition to serving as a summer retreat, Mount Morris was also a working farm with fruit trees, cows, and sheep in addition to a variety of crops.
With the outbreak of the American Revolutionary War, the Morris family abandoned their summer home. Then, in the autumn of 1776, General George Washington and his Patriot officers moved in and made the house their headquarters from September 14th to October 21st. The superb views from Mount Morris made the location ideal for observing troop movements and General Washington used this advantage to plan his army’s first successful victory; the Battle of Harlem Heights. Despite this victory, on October 21st, General Washington was forced to retreat to White Plains. For the remainder of the war, the house was used as a headquarters for both British and Hessian armies.
Following the war, the estate was confiscated under the Forfeiture Laws by the State of New York and sold to cover war debts. For a time, it served as a tavern; however, after some years, the tavern became unsuccessful and the house was abandoned once again. Then on July 10th of 1790, now President George Washington held his first Cabinet dinner at the same place he scored his first victory during the Revolutionary War. n 1810, Eliza and Stephen Jumel purchased Mount Morris, all farmlands, and began a series of alterations to the house. A merchant from the south of France, who emigrated to New York some years earlier, Stephen met and married Eliza Bowen in New York. She grew up in a poor Rhode Island family, a voracious reader and self-educated, she developed into a shrewd businesswoman long before most women worked outside the home, let alone ran businesses. At a moment when Stephen's business was foundering, Eliza applied herself to the real estate trade, buying and selling land and renting properties downtown. Her success made large profits for her husband and herself, making her one of the wealthiest women in New York, after Stephen’s death.
By the 1880s, most of the Jumel land had been sold as the city expanded and fashionable townhouses rose immediately surrounding the Mansion. The City of New York purchased the house and the two acres it sits on creating Roger Morris Park. With the assistance of the DAR, the Mansion was turned into a historic house and museum. The mid-20th Century saw the neighborhood develop into a vibrant home to many artists and celebrities including Paul Robeson, Jackie Robinson, Thurgood Marshall, and Duke Ellington, who once referred to the Morris-Jumel Mansion as “the jewel in the crown of Sugar Hill.” The buildings in this district are protected by the New York Landmarks Commission and must be maintained by their owners reflective of when they were built. Because of this, the appearance of the neighborhood has changed very little since the beginning of the twentieth century.
Today, the Morris-Jumel Mansion is the oldest house in Manhattan and as a museum highlights the art, architecture and lives of the Morris and Jumel families, while celebrating the changing landscape from the now lost Polo Grounds to the contemporary artists who find inspiration from this over 250 year old structure, and culture. We hope to see you soon to experience all that is new at Manhattan’s oldest house.
"As Manhattan’s oldest residence, the Morris-Jumel Mansion Museum presents American life from the colonial era to the present by preserving, collecting, and interpreting history, culture, and the arts to engage and inspire diverse audiences.
Morris-Jumel Mansion, Inc. operates the Morris -Jumel Mansion as a historic house museum and thereby seeks to preserve and interpret Manhattan’s oldest residence, one that has witnessed the evolution of northern Manhattan from rural countryside to a dynamic multicultural community. Through historic site tours and education programs, the museum interprets the mansion in the context of domestic life in New York City from 1765 until 1865, the influx of European immigrants to Washington Heights in the late 1800’s, the City Beautiful movement at the turn of the century, the life of the Jumel Terrace Historic District, and more recent immigration. Morris-Jumel Mansion seeks to serve as a cultural resource for an audience of national and international visitors and, in particular, the diverse audiences of the City of New York."
Church of St Andrew, Monument to John second duke of Suffolk (d.1492) and Lady Alice Chaucer (d. 1475), Alabaster
The tomb stands on a purpose built chest. Decorated with quatrefoils, filled with now blank heraldic, shields and under a wide arch with further decoration, which allows for the squint with a view of the high altar from the de la Pole chantry (now the vestry). The framing columns must have extended higher as the heraldic beasts (a dog(?) and a tame lion that looks more like a begging lap-dog) which frame another Saracen’s head are no longer connected with the tomb. There is damage, besides the obvious vandalism: both of Lady Alice’s arms are broken and the angel once supporting her cushion has lost its head and arms.
The details are finely carved: their coronets, the duke’s finely combed hair, his stern features, tassel holding his cloak and belt, Lady Alice’s veil (linen) and the fine detail of her neckpiece.
John de la Pole, the only son of William first duke of Suffolk (1396–1450), suffered as a result of his father’s downfall. Duke William had been a successful courtier and Henry VI's favourite, a relationship treated with increasing suspicion resulting in the popular outcry of 1450 leading to his impeachment by the Commons. Although not convicted, Duke William was exiled and murdered when the boat on which he was sailing to the Netherlands was intercepted. His son was stripped of his father’s valuable appointments, reducing his income below that expected of a duke. His marriage in 1458 to Elizabeth, the daughter of Richard, duke of York, never brought the material advancement that he could reasonably have expected. When their son Lincoln was attainted for treason and suffered forfeiture in 1487, Suffolk was allowed to save the family lands held by his son, but only during his life-time. On his death the attenuated inheritance meant that his next son, Edmund de la Pole, gave up the title of duke in return for forfeited lands.
Michael Hicks, ‘Pole, John de la, second duke of Suffolk (1442–1492)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004 [www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/22450, accessed 30 April 2014]
The Morris-Jumel Mansion was built in 1765 as a summer house by Colonel Roger Morris for his wife, Mary Philipse and their family on approximately 135 acres of land that stretched from the Harlem to Hudson rivers between what is now 140th and approximately 18oth streets. Their country estate was named Mount Morris and, being situated on one of the highest points of Manhattan, offered clear views of New Jersey, Connecticut, and all of New York harbor. In addition to serving as a summer retreat, Mount Morris was also a working farm with fruit trees, cows, and sheep in addition to a variety of crops.
With the outbreak of the American Revolutionary War, the Morris family abandoned their summer home. Then, in the autumn of 1776, General George Washington and his Patriot officers moved in and made the house their headquarters from September 14th to October 21st. The superb views from Mount Morris made the location ideal for observing troop movements and General Washington used this advantage to plan his army’s first successful victory; the Battle of Harlem Heights. Despite this victory, on October 21st, General Washington was forced to retreat to White Plains. For the remainder of the war, the house was used as a headquarters for both British and Hessian armies.
Following the war, the estate was confiscated under the Forfeiture Laws by the State of New York and sold to cover war debts. For a time, it served as a tavern; however, after some years, the tavern became unsuccessful and the house was abandoned once again. Then on July 10th of 1790, now President George Washington held his first Cabinet dinner at the same place he scored his first victory during the Revolutionary War. n 1810, Eliza and Stephen Jumel purchased Mount Morris, all farmlands, and began a series of alterations to the house. A merchant from the south of France, who emigrated to New York some years earlier, Stephen met and married Eliza Bowen in New York. She grew up in a poor Rhode Island family, a voracious reader and self-educated, she developed into a shrewd businesswoman long before most women worked outside the home, let alone ran businesses. At a moment when Stephen's business was foundering, Eliza applied herself to the real estate trade, buying and selling land and renting properties downtown. Her success made large profits for her husband and herself, making her one of the wealthiest women in New York, after Stephen’s death.
By the 1880s, most of the Jumel land had been sold as the city expanded and fashionable townhouses rose immediately surrounding the Mansion. The City of New York purchased the house and the two acres it sits on creating Roger Morris Park. With the assistance of the DAR, the Mansion was turned into a historic house and museum. The mid-20th Century saw the neighborhood develop into a vibrant home to many artists and celebrities including Paul Robeson, Jackie Robinson, Thurgood Marshall, and Duke Ellington, who once referred to the Morris-Jumel Mansion as “the jewel in the crown of Sugar Hill.” The buildings in this district are protected by the New York Landmarks Commission and must be maintained by their owners reflective of when they were built. Because of this, the appearance of the neighborhood has changed very little since the beginning of the twentieth century.
Today, the Morris-Jumel Mansion is the oldest house in Manhattan and as a museum highlights the art, architecture and lives of the Morris and Jumel families, while celebrating the changing landscape from the now lost Polo Grounds to the contemporary artists who find inspiration from this over 250 year old structure, and culture. We hope to see you soon to experience all that is new at Manhattan’s oldest house.
"As Manhattan’s oldest residence, the Morris-Jumel Mansion Museum presents American life from the colonial era to the present by preserving, collecting, and interpreting history, culture, and the arts to engage and inspire diverse audiences.
Morris-Jumel Mansion, Inc. operates the Morris -Jumel Mansion as a historic house museum and thereby seeks to preserve and interpret Manhattan’s oldest residence, one that has witnessed the evolution of northern Manhattan from rural countryside to a dynamic multicultural community. Through historic site tours and education programs, the museum interprets the mansion in the context of domestic life in New York City from 1765 until 1865, the influx of European immigrants to Washington Heights in the late 1800’s, the City Beautiful movement at the turn of the century, the life of the Jumel Terrace Historic District, and more recent immigration. Morris-Jumel Mansion seeks to serve as a cultural resource for an audience of national and international visitors and, in particular, the diverse audiences of the City of New York."
Pink shirt day was started in 2007 by two students in Nova Scotia, who stood up for a fellow classmate who was being bullied. Since then, BC has taken a strong stance against bullying and has officially marked the last Wednesday in February as Anti-Bullying Day - where British Columbians throughout the province where pink in solidarity.
Premier Christy Clark visited Point Grey Secondary School in Vancouver to take part in anti-bullying activities, and announced a $15,000 grant for the school to help anti-bullying efforts, as part of $1 Million budgeted from civil-forfeiture proceeds for this purpose.
Learn More: www.newsroom.gov.bc.ca/2013/02/school-led-anti-bullying-e...
Follow @ERASEbullyingBC on Twitter:
Document: Proclamation by the King regarding hackney coaches in London, 18 October 1660. Catalogue ref: SP 45/11
Description:
This is a 1660 proclamation by King Charles II that banned hackney coaches and coach horses from loitering on the streets and passages of London, Westminster, and surrounding suburbs.
A hackney coach was a coach for hire. They started becoming more and more common in London in the early 1600s and quickly become seen as a dangerous nuisance. In the 1630s, orders were established to limit the number of hackney coaches allowed and to establish a licensing system. Those limits rose quickly, however; in 1662, the limit was set at 400, and had increased to 1,100 before being abolished altogether in 1832. The Board of Commissioners of Hackney Coaches was created by an act of 1694 to regulate and license hackney carriages in the metropolitan area.
Hackney coaches eventually evolved into today’s taxicabs, which are still known as hackney carriages.
With this document, students could consider:
- What type of document is this?
- Why do you think it was made?
- What does this document tell you about life in London in 1660?
- How does this document show the different role of the King in 1660 versus today?
- How do you think the people of 1660 would react if they saw the traffic of today’s London?
Transcript:
By the King.
A PROCLAMATION.
To Restrain the Abuses of Hackney Coaches in the Cities of London, and Westminster, and the Suburbs thereof.
Whereas the excessive number of hackney coaches, and coach horses, in and about the cities of London and Westminster, and the suburbs thereof, are found to be a common nuisance to the publique dammage of our people, by reason of their rude and disorderly handling, and passing to and fro, in and about our laid cities and suburbs, the streets and highways being thereby pestred and made unpassable, the pavements broken up, and the common passages obstructed and become dangerous, our peace violated, and sundry other mischiefs and evils occasioned:
We taking into our princely consideration these apparent inconveniences, and resolving that a speedy remedy be applied to meet with, and redress them for the future, do by and with the advice of our privy counsel, publish our royal will and pleasure to be, and we do this by our proclamation expressly charge and command, that no person or persons, of what estate, degree, or quality whatsoever, keeping or selling any hackney coaches, or coach horses, do, from and after the fifth day of November next, permit or suffer the said coaches and horses, or any of them, to stand, or remain, in the streets or passages in and about our said cities, either of London or Westminster, or the suburbs belonging to either of them, to be there hired; but that they and every of them keep their said coaches and horses within their respective coach-houses, stables and yards (whither such persons as desire as to hire the same may resort for that purpose) upon pain of our high displeasure, and such forfeitures, pains and penalties as may be inflicted for the contempt of our royal commands in the premises, whereas we shall expect a strict accompt.
And for the due execution of our pleasure herein, we do further charge and command the Lord Mayor and aldermen of our city of London, that they in their federal wards, and our Justices of Peace in our said cities of London and Westminster, and the liberties and suburbs thereof; and all other our officers, and ministers of justice, to whom it appertaineth, to take especial care in their respective limits, that this our command be duly observed. And that they from time to time, return the names of all those who shall wilfully offend in the premises, to our privy council, and to the end they may be proceeded against by indictments and presentments, for the nuisance and otherwise, according to the severity of the law, and demerits of the offenders.
Given at our court at Whitehall the Eighteenth day of October, in the Twelfth year of Our Reign.
God save the King.
Cash that is stored with illegal drugs or stolen goods, and assets that criminals try to hide in another person’s name or outside of B.C., will be more susceptible to civil forfeiture as government expands the reach of this tool to combat unlawful activity.
Learn more: news.gov.bc.ca/releases/2019PSSG0026-000322
Women leaving abusive homes, Indigenous families rebuilding and healing from intergenerational trauma, and young people needing mentorship to resist gang overtures will benefit from one of the largest rounds of grants from crime proceeds in B.C.’s history.
Learn more: news.gov.bc.ca/16885
GRAFENWOEHR, Germany. – Participants from across the U.S. military, as well as Soldiers from NATO countries arrive at Camp Algiers in the Grafenwoehr Training Area (GTA) 20 March to test their skills and endurance and win for themselves the Expert Field Medical Badge (EFMB). Their testing takes place from 20 through 30 March, 2017. The pass rate is traditionally less than 18 percent.
Participants pictured here observe how to properly prepare for a hazardous materials (Hazmat) test scenario. They will be timed and evaluated rigidly on their memory of proper sequences and procedures; one critical mistake ore exceeding the time given may mean a "No-Go" and immediate forfeiture of the badge.
The Expert Field Medical Badge is awarded to military personnel who complete a variety of physical, mental and written tests that determine their ability to quickly, accurately and effectively perform complex life-saving medical tasks while in a variety of hostile environments and situations. The EFMB is considered the medical equivalent of the Expert Infantryman's Badge, but is statistically harder to earn than the EIB.
This year's EFMB is hosted by the 212th Combat Support Hospital, 30th Medical Command. Qualification for the badge is considered a grueling experience by those who have earned it and the majority of participants do not make it to the final round.
The more than 200 U.S. and NATO servicemembers vying for the coveted badge come from posts across Europe. EFMB orientation takes place from 20 – 27 March with testing beginning Monday, 27 March and concluding on 30 March.
To learn more about the people and facilities of the U.S. Army Medical Department Activity Bavaria (BMEDDAC) visit the BMEDDAC website at rhce.amedd.army.mil/bavaria
Photo by U.S. Army Medical Department Activity Bavaria Public Affairs (Released).
The Morris-Jumel Mansion was built in 1765 as a summer house by Colonel Roger Morris for his wife, Mary Philipse and their family on approximately 135 acres of land that stretched from the Harlem to Hudson rivers between what is now 140th and approximately 18oth streets. Their country estate was named Mount Morris and, being situated on one of the highest points of Manhattan, offered clear views of New Jersey, Connecticut, and all of New York harbor. In addition to serving as a summer retreat, Mount Morris was also a working farm with fruit trees, cows, and sheep in addition to a variety of crops.
With the outbreak of the American Revolutionary War, the Morris family abandoned their summer home. Then, in the autumn of 1776, General George Washington and his Patriot officers moved in and made the house their headquarters from September 14th to October 21st. The superb views from Mount Morris made the location ideal for observing troop movements and General Washington used this advantage to plan his army’s first successful victory; the Battle of Harlem Heights. Despite this victory, on October 21st, General Washington was forced to retreat to White Plains. For the remainder of the war, the house was used as a headquarters for both British and Hessian armies.
Following the war, the estate was confiscated under the Forfeiture Laws by the State of New York and sold to cover war debts. For a time, it served as a tavern; however, after some years, the tavern became unsuccessful and the house was abandoned once again. Then on July 10th of 1790, now President George Washington held his first Cabinet dinner at the same place he scored his first victory during the Revolutionary War. n 1810, Eliza and Stephen Jumel purchased Mount Morris, all farmlands, and began a series of alterations to the house. A merchant from the south of France, who emigrated to New York some years earlier, Stephen met and married Eliza Bowen in New York. She grew up in a poor Rhode Island family, a voracious reader and self-educated, she developed into a shrewd businesswoman long before most women worked outside the home, let alone ran businesses. At a moment when Stephen's business was foundering, Eliza applied herself to the real estate trade, buying and selling land and renting properties downtown. Her success made large profits for her husband and herself, making her one of the wealthiest women in New York, after Stephen’s death.
By the 1880s, most of the Jumel land had been sold as the city expanded and fashionable townhouses rose immediately surrounding the Mansion. The City of New York purchased the house and the two acres it sits on creating Roger Morris Park. With the assistance of the DAR, the Mansion was turned into a historic house and museum. The mid-20th Century saw the neighborhood develop into a vibrant home to many artists and celebrities including Paul Robeson, Jackie Robinson, Thurgood Marshall, and Duke Ellington, who once referred to the Morris-Jumel Mansion as “the jewel in the crown of Sugar Hill.” The buildings in this district are protected by the New York Landmarks Commission and must be maintained by their owners reflective of when they were built. Because of this, the appearance of the neighborhood has changed very little since the beginning of the twentieth century.
Today, the Morris-Jumel Mansion is the oldest house in Manhattan and as a museum highlights the art, architecture and lives of the Morris and Jumel families, while celebrating the changing landscape from the now lost Polo Grounds to the contemporary artists who find inspiration from this over 250 year old structure, and culture. We hope to see you soon to experience all that is new at Manhattan’s oldest house.
"As Manhattan’s oldest residence, the Morris-Jumel Mansion Museum presents American life from the colonial era to the present by preserving, collecting, and interpreting history, culture, and the arts to engage and inspire diverse audiences.
Morris-Jumel Mansion, Inc. operates the Morris -Jumel Mansion as a historic house museum and thereby seeks to preserve and interpret Manhattan’s oldest residence, one that has witnessed the evolution of northern Manhattan from rural countryside to a dynamic multicultural community. Through historic site tours and education programs, the museum interprets the mansion in the context of domestic life in New York City from 1765 until 1865, the influx of European immigrants to Washington Heights in the late 1800’s, the City Beautiful movement at the turn of the century, the life of the Jumel Terrace Historic District, and more recent immigration. Morris-Jumel Mansion seeks to serve as a cultural resource for an audience of national and international visitors and, in particular, the diverse audiences of the City of New York."
Pink shirt day was started in 2007 by two students in Nova Scotia, who stood up for a fellow classmate who was being bullied. Since then, BC has taken a strong stance against bullying and has officially marked the last Wednesday in February as Anti-Bullying Day - where British Columbians throughout the province where pink in solidarity.
Premier Christy Clark visited Point Grey Secondary School in Vancouver to take part in anti-bullying activities, and announced a $15,000 grant for the school to help anti-bullying efforts, as part of $1 Million budgeted from civil-forfeiture proceeds for this purpose.
Learn More: www.newsroom.gov.bc.ca/2013/02/school-led-anti-bullying-e...
Follow @ERASEbullyingBC on Twitter:
I think I have a serious problem with my Shushu, at least with the character who lives through this mold. Elienor does not seem to match it, or does not correspond to the ones I want. I feels more and more to bring back Selene. Maybe also because I took over the writing of Forfeiture, the history of which she is the heroine.
In fact, the personal of Eleanor is much too nice for my Shushu, has to see his head on this photo. Yet I love Elienor. Really.
I let a few more pictures before deciding whether or not Selene back and if I keep my Shushu in Elienor. At the same time, I would just give him to his blind eyes ... And then my little couple Selene / Rand I miss too much, it does not help.
Je crois que j'ai un sérieux problème avec ma Shushu, du moins avec le personnage qui vit à travers ce moule. Eliénor ne semble plus lui correspondre, ou ne correspond plus à ceux que je veux. Je me tâte de plus en plus à faire revenir Séléne. Peut-être aussi parce que j'ai repris l'écriture de Déchéance, l'histoire dont elle est l'héroine.
En fait, le perso d'Eliénor est bien trop gentil pour ma Shushu, y a qu'à voir sa tête sur cette photo. Pourtant j'aime Eliénor. Vraiment.
Je me laisse encore quelques photos avant de décider si oui ou non Séléne revient et si je garde ma Shushu en Eliénor. En même temps, je n'aurais juste qu'à lui remettre ses yeux aveugles... Et puis, mon petit couple Séléne/Rand me manque trop, cela n'aide pas.
Eliénor : MNF shushu, fairyland
Location : Sète, Hérault, France
Lion at the feet of Sir Richard Redman / Redmayne 1426 of Levens, Westmorland lies beside 2nd wife Elizabeth Aldburgh c1417-22, widow of Sir Brian Stapleton of Carlton d1391 eldest daughter and co-heiress of William de Aldeburgh / Aldburgh, Lord of the manor of Harewood Castle (they married in 1393).
Children at least 2 sons and 2 daughters
1. Matthew d1416 m Johanna daughter of Sir Thomas Tunstall, of Thurland Castle, whose son Richard www.flickr.com/photos/52219527@N00/8389510178/ was heir to his grandfather.
2. Richard of Bossall
3 Joan m Sir Thomas Wentworth
4. daughter m Richard Duckett d1448 of Grayrigg
Sir Richard had m1 and had 1 son Matthew who dsp in his father's lifetime. Sir Richard was Sheriff of Cumberland 1390-1413, later Sheriff and MP for Yorkshire, and Speaker in 1415 of the House of Commons, later taking part in the Battle of Agincourt.,
They were buried in the church of the Black Friars at York with Elizabeth's 1st husband Sir Brian Stapleton
After Elizabeth's death Richard m3 Elizabeth daughter of Sir William Gascoigne of Gawthorpe, Chief Justice of England www.flickr.com/photos/52219527@N00/8390344858/
By his will Sir Richard left the manors of Levens and certain Harewood estates to his younger son Richard in trust for his grandson Richard then a minor ; on the death of this Richard without heirs to his son Richard, and failing heirs of the latter to John Redman, son of Elene Grene, &c. The manors of Kereby and Kirkby (Kirkby Overblow) he devised to Brian de Stapleton son of Sir Brian
Stapleton by his (Sir Richard's) first wife Elizabeth Aldeburgh, under certain conditions as to forfeiture, &c.
www.historyofparliamentonline.org/volume/1386-1421/member...
In later years ttheir descendants married into the Gascoigne / Gascoyne family who eventually became Lords of the manor
U.S. Marshal for the Eastern District of Virginia Bobby Mathieson, Executive Director of the Northern Virginia Regional Gang Task Force Ray Colgan, Congressman Frank Wolf, Falls Church City Police Chief Harry Reitze, Leesburg Police Chief Joseph Price, FBI Special Agent in Charge Ronald Hosko, and U.S. Attorney for the Eastern District of Virginia Neil MacBride attended the ceremony June 22, in which a check for $850,000 was presented to the Northern Virginia Regional Gang Task Force from the Department of Justice Assets Forfeiture Fund.
Photo by (Shane T. McCoy / US Marshals)
(This photos shows the only path from the lower courtyard, up to the castle proper, complete with the gap in it, that was spanned by a drawbridge or removable timber bridge of some sort)
The MacDonalds of course, didn’t just vanish because they were no longer the Lords of the Isles. The senior line was now that of the MacDonalds of Dunyvaig and the Glens – a title almost as romantic sounding as that of ‘Lords of the Isles’. They descended from a second son of John, 1st Lord of the Isles. The reference to the Glens refers to the Glens of Antrim in Ireland, which they had inherited by marriage. They also controlled Kintyre, where they spent much of their time.
In 1519, Dunyvaig Castle, which had been acquired by the MacIains of Ardnamurchan after its forfeiture to the crown, was leased back to the MacDonalds. In the years that followed, the Islay MacDonalds devoted much of their time to trying to recover the Lordship of the Isles, which of course was not always done peacefully. James V visited the Western Isles with a strong naval force in 1540. He took several chiefs hostage and placed royal garrisons in a number of the more important fortresses. The MacDonalds were deprived of Dunivaig again and the captaincy of the castle given to Archibald Stewart of Bute.
The Morris-Jumel Mansion was built in 1765 as a summer house by Colonel Roger Morris for his wife, Mary Philipse and their family on approximately 135 acres of land that stretched from the Harlem to Hudson rivers between what is now 140th and approximately 18oth streets. Their country estate was named Mount Morris and, being situated on one of the highest points of Manhattan, offered clear views of New Jersey, Connecticut, and all of New York harbor. In addition to serving as a summer retreat, Mount Morris was also a working farm with fruit trees, cows, and sheep in addition to a variety of crops.
With the outbreak of the American Revolutionary War, the Morris family abandoned their summer home. Then, in the autumn of 1776, General George Washington and his Patriot officers moved in and made the house their headquarters from September 14th to October 21st. The superb views from Mount Morris made the location ideal for observing troop movements and General Washington used this advantage to plan his army’s first successful victory; the Battle of Harlem Heights. Despite this victory, on October 21st, General Washington was forced to retreat to White Plains. For the remainder of the war, the house was used as a headquarters for both British and Hessian armies.
Following the war, the estate was confiscated under the Forfeiture Laws by the State of New York and sold to cover war debts. For a time, it served as a tavern; however, after some years, the tavern became unsuccessful and the house was abandoned once again. Then on July 10th of 1790, now President George Washington held his first Cabinet dinner at the same place he scored his first victory during the Revolutionary War. n 1810, Eliza and Stephen Jumel purchased Mount Morris, all farmlands, and began a series of alterations to the house. A merchant from the south of France, who emigrated to New York some years earlier, Stephen met and married Eliza Bowen in New York. She grew up in a poor Rhode Island family, a voracious reader and self-educated, she developed into a shrewd businesswoman long before most women worked outside the home, let alone ran businesses. At a moment when Stephen's business was foundering, Eliza applied herself to the real estate trade, buying and selling land and renting properties downtown. Her success made large profits for her husband and herself, making her one of the wealthiest women in New York, after Stephen’s death.
By the 1880s, most of the Jumel land had been sold as the city expanded and fashionable townhouses rose immediately surrounding the Mansion. The City of New York purchased the house and the two acres it sits on creating Roger Morris Park. With the assistance of the DAR, the Mansion was turned into a historic house and museum. The mid-20th Century saw the neighborhood develop into a vibrant home to many artists and celebrities including Paul Robeson, Jackie Robinson, Thurgood Marshall, and Duke Ellington, who once referred to the Morris-Jumel Mansion as “the jewel in the crown of Sugar Hill.” The buildings in this district are protected by the New York Landmarks Commission and must be maintained by their owners reflective of when they were built. Because of this, the appearance of the neighborhood has changed very little since the beginning of the twentieth century.
Today, the Morris-Jumel Mansion is the oldest house in Manhattan and as a museum highlights the art, architecture and lives of the Morris and Jumel families, while celebrating the changing landscape from the now lost Polo Grounds to the contemporary artists who find inspiration from this over 250 year old structure, and culture. We hope to see you soon to experience all that is new at Manhattan’s oldest house.
"As Manhattan’s oldest residence, the Morris-Jumel Mansion Museum presents American life from the colonial era to the present by preserving, collecting, and interpreting history, culture, and the arts to engage and inspire diverse audiences.
Morris-Jumel Mansion, Inc. operates the Morris -Jumel Mansion as a historic house museum and thereby seeks to preserve and interpret Manhattan’s oldest residence, one that has witnessed the evolution of northern Manhattan from rural countryside to a dynamic multicultural community. Through historic site tours and education programs, the museum interprets the mansion in the context of domestic life in New York City from 1765 until 1865, the influx of European immigrants to Washington Heights in the late 1800’s, the City Beautiful movement at the turn of the century, the life of the Jumel Terrace Historic District, and more recent immigration. Morris-Jumel Mansion seeks to serve as a cultural resource for an audience of national and international visitors and, in particular, the diverse audiences of the City of New York."
From the Dorchester Reporter, May 15, 2008 (www.dotnews.com/radiorebels.html), this article comments on the rising clout of Touch FM (LP-WTCH, 106.1 FM), a pirate radio station based in Grove Hall in Boston. The station, which first took to the airwaves in 2005, was fined by the FCC for operating without a license.
Some excerpts from the article:
Spice, the station's 41 year-old creative director who anchors the four-hour "Big Morning Thing" with Mattapan side-kick Jonathon Gates, is soon at full throttle. He reads the morning news and weather. For a moment, he frets that Sunday's Man Up-Gang Truce Rally that the station is leading might be a drizzly affair.
Undeterred, Spice launches into an appeal for support, no matter what the clouds bring.
"We need the black men in our community to step up. Ain't no one else gonna do it. We need to be accountable. You never shot a gun? Okay. You never sold drugs? That's fine. You're still accountable for what's happening on these streets, right."
Spice's tough love message is peppered with calls from "the community" - black men and women, mostly African-American with heavy Boston accents. They share stories of dead and jailed children. They chide neighborhood businesses who fail to support this weekend's march by refusing to post flyers in their windows. They pledge their devotion to the one radio station that captures their spirit. They ask Spice to play an old favorite from their childhood. He obliges.
To local ears, their voices are familiar and authentic.
But it's strange to hear them on the radio at first. There's no other place like it on Boston's dial. And if the FCC has its way, the station could be silenced.
Touch FM (officially LP-WTCH Boston) - which sprang from the bosom of the Grove Hall Neighborhood Development Corporation offices in the fall of 2005 - is unlicensed. They admit it. They're pirates.
And they are unrepentant, even in the face of the most recent broadside from the government: A May 7 forfeiture order from the FCC that levies a $17,000 fine on station founder Charles Clemons. The ruling stems from a pair of site visits made to the suspected TOUCH offices at the corner of Cheney Street and Blue Hill Avenue in 2007. The order accuses Clemons of "willfully and repeatedly" using the frequency without a license and for "failing to permit a station inspection."
* * *
It's hard to know just how many people catch the 100-watt signal emanating from a Grove Hall rooftop. But each day around 9 a.m., the station's Internet server maxes out as office workers tune into TOUCH's streaming audio link online, presumably from Greater Boston locales where the radio signal is weak or non-existent. They can only handle up to 5,000 online listeners at a time. The traffic eases up around 5 p.m. when the work day comes to a close.
Whatever the total audience, there's no doubt that the station has found its intended niche.
Michael Kozu, a community organizer for the Grove Hall based Project RIGHT, says that the station has developed a robust and devoted listenership.
"I think they really have filled a void, particularly for communities of color. When you look at major radio stations they pretty much bypass the needs of communities of color, especially since WILD sold their FM station," Kozu said. "The problem is that because [TOUCH] has such a limited coverage area, their reach doesn't cover as much as it needs to."
The Grove Hall Neighborhood Development Corporation (NDC) is a non-profit with a solid reputation, much of it earned by successfully developing the Mecca shopping center on Blue Hill Avenue. The NDC owns the Mecca Mall, which boasts tenants like Stop & Shop and Dunkin' Donuts as anchors. The shopping center is widely credited with sparking a cycle of economic growth in the immediate neighborhood, which straddles the Dorchester-Roxbury border.
* * *
Morrison, who makes recorded cameos on TOUCH using the handle "Information Mama," says that the station's musical fare - a steady mix of old-school R&B, party tracks and slow jams - is a deliberate departure from the typical play-lists of high-power commercial radio. The mission, she says, is in line with that of the NDC: to raise the expectations and activism of a neighborhood still struggling with its share of blight and violence.
"They consciously make sure there isn't anything negative in the music, whether its jazz, R&B or hip-hop," Morrison says. "It proves you can program radio all day without being negative."
Today (Saturday) was the highlight of the churchcrawling calendar: Ride & Stride coupled with Heritage Weekend. The day on which many churches that are usually locked could be found open.
Three years ago, 12 out of 12 were open, and two years ago I think 10 out of 12 were open.
This year would be a different experience.
That is because, some churches are locked all the time outside services, even on Ride and Stride, their only concession is to have the charity signing sheet pinned to a door or in the porch. Maybe some refreshments for the riders and striders, but it seems the days of most churches being open are long gone.
Maybe I was unlucky. But Boughton-Under-Blean, Great Chart, Little Chart were among those locked fast today.
So bad was the experience, with the weather as well, I might not bother next year.
Having walked to the door of Great Chart, a church in a large village on the outskirts of Ashford, there was no wardens, and the church locked, though refreshments available, but again no one came to refresh the used glasses.
The plan was to end at Brookland to see inside the triple candlesnuff tower, but three hours on the Marsh, with most churches visited several times, I gave in and came home.
I got back at quarter to four, there was a brew waiting, andI had bought a couple of small Bakewells from Tesco when I called in to buy pizza for dinner.
I had woken up at seven, with the sound of heavy rain outside. There was even a few rumbles of thunder. The clouds so low and thick that we need the table light on to see.
I made final touches to my plans for the day. Jools was going to stay home. Maybe not get dressed.
I left just after nine, rain was falling steadily. I made my way to the A2, then up to Barham where I turned towards Wigham, before turning off at Addisham.
Addisham is a nice church. Old, but they had replaced the heating and floor a decade back, and it was open as part of Heritage weekend, this one should have been open.
It was, and whilst I took shots of details, I chatted with the two wardens, one of whom remembered my from my previous visit a decade back.
When I left the church, I saw a torrential downpour had started, and the road I parked on had turned into a river. I got soaked in the 15 yards back to the car, and feet wet from the road.
I decided to not go to Hackington in Canterbury, that would require using endless back lanes. Instead I drove back to the A2, then north in driving rain to Boughton-Under-Blean.
Boughton is not often found open, but I battled the partially flooded lanes and traffic forcing me off the road, arriving at the church with the rain coming down just as hard.
I used an umbrella, walked up the path under the trees, meaning it seemed even darker. None of the three doors was unlocked, with the Ride and Stride sheet pinned to the west door, and no refreshments for the riders and striders.
I went back to the car, and decided to head north to find dry weather. Back to the A2, then up to the services for a comfort break and two sausage rolls from Greggs.
Refreshed, and the clouds having parted and blue sky seen, soon sunshine brightened everything.
I had to get through the traffic at the top of Bluebell Hill, then down the A229, before turning off north to get to the banks of the Medway.
I thought I recognised the new road to Burham. It was being built last time I was here. I parked outside, and upon entering I recognised the wooden wheel from the tower for the bells, now hung on the north wall.
I took shots anyway, as I was there. But I now doubted the next church, Wouldham: had I been there before too?
It was a ten minute drive through the narrow streets of the village, but I arrived at the church. Good news was that I did not recognise it.
I walked to the door, turned the handle, and found it locked.
A voice came from inside:
Who is it, what do you want?
I thought the church would be open, I take photographs.
The door opened.
No, the church isn't open today, would you like to come in to take shots?
That would be great, thanks.
Meetings like this is what churchcrawling is all about. We talked long about this and that, and I got my shots. The church though interesting from the outside with its offset tower, but quite plain on the inside.
I set course for Thurnham, a church I have never found open.
I sighed and made my way back to the 229, then down to the M20, before turning east for one junction to Detling.
Next village along is Thurnham, and driving past the pub I could see the church just through the trees below. I turned down the hill, and parked beside a hedge between two mansions. There is a path leading between the large houses to the church.
I walked along to the gate into the churchyard, a bike was parked by the open porch door. A good sign.
Indeed the church was open, I walked in with a huge smile, and the warden was equally pleased to see another visitor.
I explained I had been here on six previous occasions and found it locked, but this was a red letter day as it was open.
I talked for a while with the warden and a rider, who was taking a break. We talk about churches and their fittings.
Little did I know, this was the last church of the day. That would be open.
I was going to go to Hothfield, but the road to the church was closed, so I drove on to Little Chart for the 20th century church there.
I struggled to find it, having driven past it in the rain without realising. Without getting out of the car, I could see a cool box and the Ride and Stride form on it.
This wasn't open either.
My mood got even lower.
Final chance was Great Chart.
Great Chart is a big village on the edge of Ashford, surely there would be wardens and it be open? If it wasn't, I told myself, I would go home.
I parked opposite, walked over in steady rain and found the usual sheet and squash in the porch. The inner door locked.
Bugger it.
I held my promise and turned for home through Ashford to the motorway. It was twenty past two, and the radio went through previews of the games to come.
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Famous for the grave of Walter Burke, in whose arms Nelson died. The church stands low in its valley and is visually undistinguished, but external appearances are misleading as it contains a great deal of interest. Part of the arcade between south aisle and nave is formed of Saxon walling, with a double splayed window visible over the central arch. The wall was cut through by the present arcade in the thirteenth century. There is a standard twelfth-century font of five columns supporting a square bowl. The tower stands in an unusual position to the north-west of the nave, and the doorway between tower and north aisle shows deep notches cut by the bell ropes when the Sanctus bell was rung. By standing outside the door the ringer could see the high altar and the altar of St Blaise in the south chapel. A lancet in the chancel forms a low side window, while a more conventional, although much smaller, low side window exists in the south-east corner of the south aisle. There is also a fine fourteenth-century piscina.
www.kentchurches.info/church.asp?p=Wouldham
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WOLDHAM.
NEXT to the parish of St. Margaret and liberty of Rochester, southward, lies the parish of Woldham, written in the Saxon charters, Wuldaham, in the succeeding Latin ones, Vuldeham, and in the record of Domesday, Oldeham.
This place is supposed to take its name from the Saxon words wolde, a plain open down or hill, free from trees and wood, and ham, a village or dwelling; in the like manner as those large open downs in the north are still called wolds, in opposition to weald, a low woody region. (fn. 1)
It is likewise described in several later grants by the name of Woldeham Monachorum, from its belonging to the monks of Rochester.
THE PARISH of Woldham lies on the eastern bank of the river Medway, something more than two miles from the city of Rochester, in a situation of a very disferent aspect, and far less pleasant than that of the country last described, though so few miles distant from it. The village having the church in it, lies at the foot of the hills, very low, almost close to the river Medway (which is the western boundary of this parish) and from its contiguity to the marshes is accounted far from being healthy. In it there is a handsome sashed brick house, named Woldham house, built by Captain Robert Trevor, of the navy, since the residence of George Guy, esq. About a mile northward, in a situation equally low, and about the same distance from the river, is the house of Starkey's, which, though now only a farm-house, has still a handsome appearance, being a strong building of stone, with gothic windows and door cases, of ashlar stone. Hence, as well as from the back of the village, the hills rise to a great height eastward, as far as Nashenden, being mostly uninclosed, open downs, the soil of which is chalk, much covered with slints, being poor and unfertile, a dreary country.
About forty years ago, in digging a trench from Woldham house up to the open downs, there were found several instruments of an antique form like a wedge, or axe, usually called celts, which were chiefly of brass.
This parish ought antiently to have contributed to the repair of the fourth pier of Rochester bridge. (fn. 2)
ETHELBERT, king of Kent, in the year 751, first gave Vuldeham to the church of St. Andrew, in Rochester; but sometime after it was taken from it, and several kings possessed it, one after the other, till the time of king Edmund, who began his reign in 941, of whom one Ælsstan Heahstanine bought it, at the price of one hundred and twelve marcs of gold, and thirty pounds in money, on whose death, Ælfege, his son, succeeded to it, who by will made in the presence of archbishop Dunstan, about the year 970, made a distribution of all his effects, and devised one part to Christ-church, in Canterbury, one part to the church of Rochester, and the remaining third part to his own wife. Notwithstanding which, one Leossunu, who had married his nephew's widow, endeavoured to set aside this disposition, as well as the archbishop's testimony in relation to it, and entered on them, but they were recovered from him in a solemn trial held at Erhede by the archbishop, for this purpose. After which, on the division of these estates, Vuldeham seems to have been part of that share of them allotted to the church of St. Andrew, in Rochester. King Ethelbert, in the year 995, confirmed Wuldaham, which then contained six mansœ, which the Kentish men called sulings, to St. Andrew's and bishop Godwin.
In the book of Domesday, Woldham is thus described, under the general title of the bishop of Rochester's lands:
The 'same bishop (of Rochester) holds Oldeham. It was taxed for six sulings in the time of king Edward the Confessor, and now for three. The arable land is five carucates. In demesne there are two, and eighteen villeins, with sixteen borderers having six carucates. There are six servants, and one fishery, and sixty acres of meadow. Wood for the pannage of twenty hogs. There is a church. In the time of king Edward the Confessor, and afterwards, it was worth eight pounds, now twelve pounds.
Bishop Gundulph, who was elected to the see of Rochester in the time of the Conqueror, on the division of the revenues of his church, allotted this manor, with its appendages, to the monks; to the use of their refectory, in lieu of Freckenham, in Suffolk, which he took in exchange for it, chusing rather, as the latter lay at so remote a distance from Rochester, that himself and his successors should be put to the inconvenience of going there, than that the monks, or the poor of that parish, should be yearly harrassed in carrying their corn so far, (fn. 3) but bishop Gilbert de Glanvill, on his coming to the see of Rochester in 1185, claiming this manor with its appendages, among others, which had been allotted to them by bishop Gundulph, as belonging to the maintenance of his table, the monks were at last forced to submit. In consequence of which, though he took the church of Woldham from them, yet they continued in possession of the manor till the dissolution of the priory in the 32d year of king Henry VIII.
In the reigns of king Edward I. and II. the bishop of Rochester claimed several liberties, as belonging to all the lands and fees of his church, as did the prior of Rochester in the 21st year of the former reign in this manor, (fn. 4) both equally the same as has been already more fully mentioned under Frindsbury. (fn. 5)
King Edward I. in his 23d year, granted to the prior and convent free warren in all their demesne lands of this manor; so that no one should hunt or take any thing on them which belonged to warren, without their licence, on forfeiture of ten pounds. (fn. 6)
The manor of Woldham, on the dissolution of the priory of Rochester in the 32d year of Henry VIII. was surrendered, with the other possessions of it, into the king's hands, who, in his 33d year settled it on his new-founded dean and chapter of Rochester, with whom the inheritance of it continues at this time.
There is a court leet and court baron held for this manor.
The lessee of it, under the dean and chapter of Rochester, is Mr. Iden Henham.
In the Custumale Roffense there is frequent mention made of a water mill in Woldham, belonging to the above manor, and the custom was, that once a year every house was obliged to send one man for a day, to clear the passage, ditch, and mill-pond, that the water might come well to turn the mill; and there were two particular acres of land, the occupiers of which were to clean the ditch, which led from the river to the millpond.
There were several small parcels of land granted at several times to different persons by the prior and convent of Rochester, lying in Magna and Parva Woldham, being two divisions in this parish, a more particular account of which may be seen in the Registrum Roffense.
RINGS is a manor here, a small part of which extends itself into the adjoining parish of St. Margaret, in Rochester. It was formerly in the possession of Robert de Woldham, after which it became separated into moieties, one of which became part of the estate of the eminent family of Cosington, of Cosington, in Aylesford, and the other became the property of Carter. From the family of Cosington that moiety passed by sale in the reign of Henry VI. to William Whorne, afterwards knighted, and lord-mayor of London, who built Whorne's-place, in Cookstone, where he resided; and the other moiety passed about the same time to Laurence; they, by a mutual deed of conveyance, alienated their joint interest in this manor to William Hadde, of Meriam-court, in Frinsted, who in the 36th year of that reign, gave it to his second son, Mr. John Hadde, whose descendant sold it to Thomas Roydon, esq. of Roydon-hall, in East Peckham, who, among others, in the 31st year of king Henry VIII. procured his estates to be disgavelled by act of parliament. From Roydon this manor passed to Brockhull, of Aldington, in Thurnham, whose descendant, Henry Brockhull, alienated it to Sir John Leveson, alias Lewson, of Whorne's-place, in Cookstone; (fn. 7) after which it passed, in like manner as that seat by sale to the family of Marsham, in which it has continued down to the right hon. Charles lord Romney, the present possessor of it.
STARKEYS is a manor here, lying in that district of this parish called Little Woldham, which was formerly known by the name of the manor of Lyttlyhall and Woldham.
In the reign of king Edward III. it seems to have been in the possession of Richard Byset, who held it as one quarter of a knight's fee in Parva Woldham, (fn. 8) and afterwards passed it away to Henry de Bokeland, who alienated it to Henry Newman, and he held it in the 20th year of that reign of the bishop of Rochester as above-mentioned. His descendant, Henry Newman, conveyed it to Humphry Starkey, descended from the Starkeys, of Wrenbury, and Oulton, in Cheshire, and bore for his arms, Sable, a stork proper, who in the 12th year of king Edward IV. was made recorder of London, and in the 2d year of king Richard III. chief baron of the exchequer, having been knighted before. (fn. 9)
He built a good house here, being a large strong edifice of stone, tho' much larger formerly than it is at present, together with a handsome chapel on this manor, a fragment of the latter only being now left at the east angle of the house, which, from that and his residence here acquired the name of Starkeys. (fn. 10) He died possessed of this manor, and lies buried in St. Leonard's, Shoreditch, in London, leaving four daughters his coheirs; and on the division of their inheritance, this manor fell to the share of Sir John Rainsford, who had married Anne, the youngest of them. His son, of the same name, was a person much in favour with king Henry VIII. who made him a privy counsellor. (fn. 11) He alienated this estate to Lambe, who passed it away to Sir John Leveson, alias Lewson, from which name it was sold, together with the manor of Rings before mentioned, in the reign of king Charles I. to John Marsham, esq. whose descendant, the right hon. Charles lord Romney, is the present possessor of this manor and estate.
SELLERS is a manor, which lies partly in this parish and partly in Burham, which with the mansion of it, called the Hall, alias Woldham ball, was held in the teign of king John, as appears by the inquisitions returned into the treasury in the 12th and 13th years of that reign, by Robert de Woldham Magna, as one quarter of a knight's fee, of the bishop of Rochester. Soon after which the possessors of this manor were called, from it, At-Hall, and in Latin deeds, De Aula. Robert Le Neve was owner of it in the reign of king Edward I. and then held it by the above tenure. His heirs sold it to John Atte Celar, written also At Celere, in Edward III's reign, whose descendant Warine Atte Celar, or De Celario, held this manor in the 30th year of it, and continuing in his descendants, it at length acquired the name of Sellers, as they now began to spell themselves. They bore for their arms, Argent, a saltier between four mullets gules; which arms were painted in a window of this church, and remained very lately in a window of the mansion-house of this manor.
The manor of Sellers remained in this family, till a female heir, about the reign of king Henry VII. carried it in marriage to John Beuly, gent. who bore for his arms, Argent, a chevron between three griffins heads erased, sable, and continuing in his descendants it gained the name of Beuly's-court, though the mansionhouse itself retained that of Hall-place, (fn. 12) alias Woldham hall. In this name of Beuly it continued till the year 1693, when it was alienated to Manley, who bore for their arms, Argent, a sinister hand couped, sable, and were descended from Thomas Manley, of Chester, (fn. 13) in which name it remained down to Mr. William Manley, who resided in it and died in 1779, and this manor became the property of his three sons and coheirs in gavelkind, from whom it was afterwards sold to Joseph Brooke, esq. on the death of whose widow, Mrs. Elizabeth Brooke, in 1796, it came by his will to the Rev. John Kenward Shaw, now of Town Malling, who has taken the name of Brooke, and is the present possessor of this estate. There is a court baron held for this manor.
There are no parochial charities.
WOLDHAM is within the ECCLESIASTICAL JURISDICTION of the diocese and deanry of Rochester.
The church, which is a small building, with a low square tower, on which was formerly a spire steeple, is situated at the south west extremity of the village, and is dedicated to All Saints. The steeple of this church, and much of the fabric, owe their original to the liberality of Stephen Slegge, of this parish, who was sheriff of Kent in the 20th year of king Henry VI. and gave by his will in the 36th year of it, one hundred marcs to be expended on it. It was formerly an appendage to the manor, and as such allotted by bishop Gundulph, in the division which he made of the possessions of his church, to the share of the monks of St. Andrew's; but bishop Gilbere de Glanvill, though he suffered them to retain the manor, yet he wrested this church out of their hands, and it has ever since remained in the possession of the bishops of Rochester, his successors.
Richard, bishop of Rochester, in the 9th year of king Edward I. at the instance of the prior and convent of Rochester, made enquiry by inquisition as to the method which the monks used in taking their portions of tithes within their manors, and what part of them was allowed to the several parish churches, by which it appeared, that in their manor of Woldham, the parish church, and the abbess of Malling took the whole of the tithes of sheaves only, but of other small tithes, it did not nor ever used to take any thing; and he decreed, that the parish church should be content with the tithes of the sheaves of every kind of corn only. All which was confirmed by John, archbishop of Canterbury, by inspeximus next year, anno 1281.
THE PORTION OF TITHES belonging to the abbey of Malling, was given to it by Ralf de Woldham, (fn. 14) being the third part of his tithe of corn, and two parts of the tithe of his demesne in this parish, and Robert de Woldham gave the whole of his tithe of Parva Woldham to it. In the 15th year of king Edward I. this portion of tithes was valued at eight marcs.
An inquisition was made by Thomas de Alkham, and the tenants of Woldham, concerning these tithes in this parish, belonging to the abbess in the 26th year of king Edward III.
In the Registrum Roffense, p. 694, is a particular account of the portions of sheaves, which the abbess took on the several lands in this parish, the names of which, of the owners and occupiers, and the measurement of them are therein mentioned, in which in some, the abbess had two sheaves, and the rector one; in others she had but one, and the rector two; in some she had the tenth sheas with the rector, and in the rest therein mentioned, she had all the tenth of sheaves.
Much dispute having arisen between the rector of this parish and the rector of Snodland, the opposite parish on the other side of the Medway, concerning the tithe of fish, caught within the bounds of this parish by the parishioners of the latter, it was submitted to the final decree of John, bishop of Rochester, who by his instrument, anno 1402, decreed that for the future the parishioners of Snodland, being inhabitants of it at any time going out from thence to fish, with their boats, nets, and other instruments necessary for that purpose, might, either by themselves or by others, draw their nets, and take fish beyond the stream of the main river to the shore of the water situated within the bounds and limits of this parish; that one moiety of the tithe of the fish so caught should belong to the rector of Snodland for the time being, and the other moiety to the rector of Woldham, to be paid to them by the fishers, without any diminution whatsoever. (fn. 15)
The church of Woldham is a discharged living in the king's books, of the clear yearly certified value of 30l. the yearly tenths of which are 1l. 8s. 7¾d. This rectory, in 1716, was augmented by queen Anne's bounty, the sum of 200l. having been contributed to it by different persons. In 1708, here were sixty-five communicants. The bishop of Rochester is patron of this rectory.
Transcription
GRAND LODGE OF NEW SOUTH WALES
To all whom it may concern.
Whereas at the desire of John H. Sheen - H. J. Conolly - Arthur Stace - E. G. Shepherd - Geo. Kear - James Smith - Harry F. Arnall - David Germyn - Thomas Rumbel - Wm. H. Caddock - William Russell - Clarence Blewitt - J. A. Considine - John Germyn - William Jackson - Ernest Eaton - J. S. Bain and others, this Dispensation for Holding a Lodge at Empire Hotel situate at Kurri Kurri under the title of The Pride of Kurri Lodge was granted by the Board of Directors of the abovenamed Order. And it is hereby ordained and appointed that this Lodge No. 487. shall hold its Meetings at the aforesaid place on alternate Saturdays and on no account or cause whatever, shall change such place or nights of Meetings without the knowledge and consent of the Board of Directors being had and obtained under the Penalty of Fine or Forfeiture of this Dispensation and its Number being erased from the List of Lodges of the abovenamed Order. And it is further enacted that the Board of Directors in Consideration of having received the sum of One Pound Sterling for this Dispensation do empower and authorize the Arch Druids and Past Arches to initiate Members agreeable to the wat and manner set forth in the Ritual and the Constitutional Laws of the Order. And the said Pride of Kurri Lodge do hereby agree to pay such Annual Contribution to the Grand Lodge and Board of Directors as set forth in the Constitutional Laws of the abovenamed Order and the said Grand Lodge and Board of Directors conjointly pledge themselves to support and protect the aforesaid Pride of Kurri Lodge in all the rights, privileges and benefits arising from and appertaining to the said UNITED ANCIENT ORDER OF DRUIDS. And the said Lodge do likewise engage to obey the Constitutional Laws which are now or may be hereafter formed, and also to perform all such further Acts and Deeds as may be considered requisite and necessary for the better regulation and welfare of the abovenamed Order agreeable, and in unison with the Spirit and purport of the Constitutional Laws and the Objects of such UNITED ANCIENT ORDER OF DRUIDS.
In Witness whereof we have each and every one of us, by virtue of our office hereunto affixed our Hands and Seals this twenty-first day of May One thousand nine hundred and ten.
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Our thanks to Debbie Rowley who kindly provided the above transcription.
This photo was taken by Phillip Onion, a member of the Coalfields Local History Association. The item is on display in the Sir Edgeworth David Memorial Museum in the Abermain School of Arts.
It can be used for study and personal research purposes as long as the photographer and source are acknowledged. If you wish to reproduce this item for any other purpose please contact the Coalfields Local History Association.
If you have any information about the image, please contact us.
Pink shirt day was started in 2007 by two students in Nova Scotia, who stood up for a fellow classmate who was being bullied. Since then, BC has taken a strong stance against bullying and has officially marked the last Wednesday in February as Anti-Bullying Day - where British Columbians throughout the province where pink in solidarity.
Premier Christy Clark visited Point Grey Secondary School in Vancouver to take part in anti-bullying activities, and announced a $15,000 grant for the school to help anti-bullying efforts, as part of $1 Million budgeted from civil-forfeiture proceeds for this purpose.
Learn More: www.newsroom.gov.bc.ca/2013/02/school-led-anti-bullying-e...
Follow @ERASEbullyingBC on Twitter:
The Morris-Jumel Mansion was built in 1765 as a summer house by Colonel Roger Morris for his wife, Mary Philipse and their family on approximately 135 acres of land that stretched from the Harlem to Hudson rivers between what is now 140th and approximately 18oth streets. Their country estate was named Mount Morris and, being situated on one of the highest points of Manhattan, offered clear views of New Jersey, Connecticut, and all of New York harbor. In addition to serving as a summer retreat, Mount Morris was also a working farm with fruit trees, cows, and sheep in addition to a variety of crops.
With the outbreak of the American Revolutionary War, the Morris family abandoned their summer home. Then, in the autumn of 1776, General George Washington and his Patriot officers moved in and made the house their headquarters from September 14th to October 21st. The superb views from Mount Morris made the location ideal for observing troop movements and General Washington used this advantage to plan his army’s first successful victory; the Battle of Harlem Heights. Despite this victory, on October 21st, General Washington was forced to retreat to White Plains. For the remainder of the war, the house was used as a headquarters for both British and Hessian armies.
Following the war, the estate was confiscated under the Forfeiture Laws by the State of New York and sold to cover war debts. For a time, it served as a tavern; however, after some years, the tavern became unsuccessful and the house was abandoned once again. Then on July 10th of 1790, now President George Washington held his first Cabinet dinner at the same place he scored his first victory during the Revolutionary War. n 1810, Eliza and Stephen Jumel purchased Mount Morris, all farmlands, and began a series of alterations to the house. A merchant from the south of France, who emigrated to New York some years earlier, Stephen met and married Eliza Bowen in New York. She grew up in a poor Rhode Island family, a voracious reader and self-educated, she developed into a shrewd businesswoman long before most women worked outside the home, let alone ran businesses. At a moment when Stephen's business was foundering, Eliza applied herself to the real estate trade, buying and selling land and renting properties downtown. Her success made large profits for her husband and herself, making her one of the wealthiest women in New York, after Stephen’s death.
By the 1880s, most of the Jumel land had been sold as the city expanded and fashionable townhouses rose immediately surrounding the Mansion. The City of New York purchased the house and the two acres it sits on creating Roger Morris Park. With the assistance of the DAR, the Mansion was turned into a historic house and museum. The mid-20th Century saw the neighborhood develop into a vibrant home to many artists and celebrities including Paul Robeson, Jackie Robinson, Thurgood Marshall, and Duke Ellington, who once referred to the Morris-Jumel Mansion as “the jewel in the crown of Sugar Hill.” The buildings in this district are protected by the New York Landmarks Commission and must be maintained by their owners reflective of when they were built. Because of this, the appearance of the neighborhood has changed very little since the beginning of the twentieth century.
Today, the Morris-Jumel Mansion is the oldest house in Manhattan and as a museum highlights the art, architecture and lives of the Morris and Jumel families, while celebrating the changing landscape from the now lost Polo Grounds to the contemporary artists who find inspiration from this over 250 year old structure, and culture. We hope to see you soon to experience all that is new at Manhattan’s oldest house.
"As Manhattan’s oldest residence, the Morris-Jumel Mansion Museum presents American life from the colonial era to the present by preserving, collecting, and interpreting history, culture, and the arts to engage and inspire diverse audiences.
Morris-Jumel Mansion, Inc. operates the Morris -Jumel Mansion as a historic house museum and thereby seeks to preserve and interpret Manhattan’s oldest residence, one that has witnessed the evolution of northern Manhattan from rural countryside to a dynamic multicultural community. Through historic site tours and education programs, the museum interprets the mansion in the context of domestic life in New York City from 1765 until 1865, the influx of European immigrants to Washington Heights in the late 1800’s, the City Beautiful movement at the turn of the century, the life of the Jumel Terrace Historic District, and more recent immigration. Morris-Jumel Mansion seeks to serve as a cultural resource for an audience of national and international visitors and, in particular, the diverse audiences of the City of New York."
Continuing from “A true and exact relation of the death of TWO CATHOLICKS...” (1737)-
“The Sentence was to be attended with further Cruelty; the Gaoler conveying the Prisoner back, had Orders by the Sheriff from the Judge to load him with the heaviest Irons. He had been commanded before to put the servant of GOD into a Dungeon without Light, and far from Company; but the Gaoler signifying there was no such Place, he was recommended to the worst he had. When he was loaded with those heavy Irons, he was so oppressed with the Weight, that he was rather carried, than walked. In this Conjuncture he recited in an audible Manner the 'Miserere' one of the Psalms of the Royal Prophet's Penitence....* He then was confined to a little darksome Place, where he could not lie, but was forced to sit with a little Bolster that the Humanity of the Gaoler offorded him to lean upon. The News of his Condemnation struck even the Felons and Malefactors with Horror of the Judge's Cruelty, and Compassion to the Prisoner, whose Virtues and Innocence could charm a Gaol, but had no Force on a merciless Judge. The confused Noise of their Groans, and Outcries was so great, as to be heard at a very great Distance.
The weight of heavy Bolts oppressed a weak Body, but were no Incumberance to a Soul longing for Eternity, Pious Breathings, fiery and warm Aspirations, a joyful Prospect of the eternal Years, in which he was to be united by everlasting Love and Contemplation to his Creator, took up the short Remains of his Life. He was watched Day and Night by three or four of the Sheriff's Men; no one was permitted Access, by severe Orders from the Judge under the Forfeiture of £100. He continued thus from Tuesday about one or two, till Thursday about twelve, with little or no Nourishment, as appeared from the Emptiness of his Bowels at his Execution.
A severe Order had been given by the Judge to admit no one to the Prisoner, but only as a Hindrance of any Comfort from Friends; for the Justice-Parson Mr LEIGH, so often mentioned, was allowed to visit him in his Shackles; and came to challenge him to a Dispute without witnesses...; by this mean Artifice to obliterate F ARROWSMITH's Success; and boast, that he had non-plused his Adversary the Prisoner.... He prudently rejected this unsincere Proposal of a Person, who, not long before, had falsely reported Advantages, which he never got, in a Dispute with a learned Catholick Gentleman... On the other Side, it was not so easy for Catholicks to speak to the Prisoner: A Catholick Gentleman was seen, by some busy Body, at the Door; upon which he was detained, but soon after called to the Bar; and examined, what Business he had there, he pretended some Excuse, and was dismissed...
The holy Missionary's Body was confined, his Zeal could not. He that had been indefatigable in his Duty, gave himself no Rest in Gaol: His Charity and Zeal of Souls continued with him, he exhorted the Prisoners to their Duty, and his Words had such Power and Efficacy, that he engaged the Felons and made them his Friends, He preached the Gospel with Success, and converted one, who followed him in his Death...”.
The parallel text of 1630 has Edmund Arrowsmith
“so loaden wth Irons that he could not go, but was fain to be carryed to Prison, & there shut up in so little & narrow a Closet that he was not able to lie in it, & there was kept apart from his old fellons, ye Judge secretly charging the head Sheriff that none so speak with him under 100 l fine, & so day & night was he still attended upon by 2 of the Sheriff's men their Turns about till Thursday at one a Clock after Dinner being S Augustin's day....”.
The “darksome Place” or “little & narrow Closet” may well have been the tiny cell, also known as The Smoothing Iron, which can still be seen in Hadrian's Tower at Lancaster Castle. It is shown above on 7 February 2018 along with (right, top) some of the instruments of restraint and torture now displayed there.
The illustration -“They load him with the greatest and heaviest irons in the castle”- is from an account of Edmund Arrrowsmith's martyrdom in “A Complete Modern British Martyrology...” (London: T Jones, 1836), where it is credited to W H Craig.
*Psalm 51 (Masoretic numbering; otherwise 50): “Have mercy upon me, O God, according to thy lovingkindness...”; in the Vulgate: “Miserere mei, Deus, secundum misericordiam tuam...”.
Pink shirt day was started in 2007 by two students in Nova Scotia, who stood up for a fellow classmate who was being bullied. Since then, BC has taken a strong stance against bullying and has officially marked the last Wednesday in February as Anti-Bullying Day - where British Columbians throughout the province where pink in solidarity.
Premier Christy Clark visited Point Grey Secondary School in Vancouver to take part in anti-bullying activities, and announced a $15,000 grant for the school to help anti-bullying efforts, as part of $1 Million budgeted from civil-forfeiture proceeds for this purpose.
Learn More: www.newsroom.gov.bc.ca/2013/02/school-led-anti-bullying-e...
Follow @ERASEbullyingBC on Twitter:
Pink shirt day was started in 2007 by two students in Nova Scotia, who stood up for a fellow classmate who was being bullied. Since then, BC has taken a strong stance against bullying and has officially marked the last Wednesday in February as Anti-Bullying Day - where British Columbians throughout the province where pink in solidarity.
Premier Christy Clark visited Point Grey Secondary School in Vancouver to take part in anti-bullying activities, and announced a $15,000 grant for the school to help anti-bullying efforts, as part of $1 Million budgeted from civil-forfeiture proceeds for this purpose.
Learn More: www.newsroom.gov.bc.ca/2013/02/school-led-anti-bullying-e...
Follow @ERASEbullyingBC on Twitter: