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Extract from the Official Website of the British Monarchy:
"The State Opening of Parliament is the most colourful event of the Parliamentary year.
It is also the most important, because it brings together the three elements of the legislature (the House of Commons, the House of Lords and The Queen). The ceremony therefore represents the Crown in Parliament.
As Head of State, it is the duty of The Queen formally to open each new session of Parliament.
This traditionally takes place in October, November or December each year, but sometimes in a different month if a General Election has taken place as was the case in 2010.
Before Her Majesty travels to Parliament from Buckingham Palace, certain traditional precautions are observed.
A detachment of The Queen's Body Guard of the Yeomen of the Guard searches the cellars of the Houses of Parliament.
This tradition dates back to the Gunpowder Plot of 1605, when Guy Fawkes was arrested whilst preparing to blow up Parliament. Today, the Yeomen of the Guard continue this historic search, in addition to the security checks by police.
Another tradition is the 'hostage' MP, a Government whip who is held at Buckingham Palace to guarantee the safe return of the monarch.
The custom dates back to centuries when the monarch and Parliament were on less cordial terms.
Once these precautions have been taken, The Queen travels from Buckingham Palace in a State coach to the Palace of Westminster, usually accompanied by The Duke of Edinburgh.
The Imperial State Crown travels in its own carriage, ahead of The Queen, escorted by Members of the Royal Household.
On arrival, The Queen puts on the Imperial State Crown and her parliamentary robe ready for the ceremony itself. This takes place in the House of Lords.
Some 250 representatives of the House of Commons are summoned by Black Rod, who acts as The Queen's Messenger.
By tradition, the door of the House of Commons is slammed in Black Rod's face. It is then reopened to enable Black Rod to convey the Sovereign's summons to the Speaker.
This tradition is a reminder of the right of the Commons to exclude everyone but the Sovereign's messengers.
No monarch has set foot in the Commons since Charles I entered the Commons and tried to arrest five Members of Parliament in 1642."
Extract from the Court Circular dated 25 May 2010:
"The Queen, accompanied by The Duke of Edinburgh, went in State to the Palace of Westminster today to open the Session of Parliament.
Her Majesty and His Royal Highness drove in a Carriage Procession, escorted by a Sovereign's Escort of The Household Cavalry, under the command of Major Tariro Mundawarara (The Life Guards), and were received at the Sovereign's Entrance by the Earl Marshal and the Lord Great Chamberlain.
Guards of Honour were mounted at Buckingham Palace by The Queen's Guard found by the 1st Battalion Grenadier Guards, under the command of Major James Green, and at the Palace of Westminster by No. 7 Company Coldstream Guards, under the command of Major James Coleby.
A staircase party of The Household Cavalry was on duty at Victoria Tower, House of Lords.
Royal Salutes were fired in Green Park by The King's Troop Royal Horse Artillery, under the command of Major Neil Cross, and from the Tower of London Saluting Battery by the Honourable Artillery Company, under the command of Captain Martin King.
The Imperial State Crown, the Cap of Maintenance and the Sword of State were conveyed previously to the House of Lords in a Carriage Procession, escorted by a Regalia Escort of The Household Cavalry.
Her Majesty's Body Guard of the Honourable Corps of Gentlemen at Arms was on duty in the Prince's Chamber and The Queen's Body Guard of the Yeomen of the Guard was on duty in the Royal Gallery.
The Queen's Bargemaster and Watermen were on duty.
The Ladies and Gentlemen of the Household and the Pages of Honour to The Queen (Lord Stanley of Bickerstaff, Jack Soames, Andrew Leeming and Arthur Chatto) were in attendance at the Palace of Westminster.
Her Majesty and His Royal Highness returned to Buckingham Palace and were received by the Lord Chamberlain and the Vice-Chamberlain of the Household."
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