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One of the world’s most confounding literary mysteries may finally be, in part, solved: the author of the mysterious and as-yet untranslatable Voynich manuscript has been identified as a Jewish physician based in northern Italy, an expert in medieval manuscripts has claimed.
The Voynich manuscript is an illustrated book printed on vellum written entirely in an indecipherable script, leaving scholars and code-breakers scratching their heads since it re-emerged a century ago.
Writing in the foreword of a new facsimile of the 15th-century codex, Stephen Skinner claims visual clues in each section provide evidence of the manuscript’s author. If proved true, Skinner believes his theory will help unlock more secrets of the coded manuscript.
The Voynich manuscript: the unbreakable encryption?
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The scholar draws evidence for his theory of the author’s identity from a range of illustrations in the manuscript, particularly a section in which naked women are depicted bathing in green pools supplied by intestinal-like pipes.
The doctor, whose work includes editing the spiritual diaries of the Tudor mystic John Dee, believes the illustrations show communal Jewish baths called mikvah, which are still used in Orthodox Judaism to clean women after childbirth or menstruation.
Pointing to the fact that the pictures show only nude women and no men, Skinner told the Guardian: “The only place you see women like that bathing together in Europe at that time was in the purification baths that have been used by Orthodox Jews for the last 2,000 years.”
He believes the drawings were of an invention designed by the mysterious author that aimed to ensure an efficient supply of clean water to a mikvah. “I think there is no other explanation for what they are: it is either rank fantasy by the author – which doesn’t really fit with the medical, herbal and cosmological sections of the manuscript – or it is a mikvah,” he said.
Other evidence Skinner uses to support his theory include the lack of Christian symbolism in the manuscript – unusual at a time of deep religious superstition, as the Inquisition enforced orthodox religion and punished any hint of heresy. “There are no saints or crosses, not even in the cosmological sections,” he said.
onsidered in addition to the absence of religious symbolism, Skinner said, visual clues in the manuscript suggest its author was a Jewish physician and herbalist. Many of the plants depicted, alongside astrological charts, are medicinal herbs, such as opium and cannabis. “In those days, doctors had to be astrologers as well, so they could determine the nature of an illness and treatment.”
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Although Jews were persecuted in the Inquisition, they were in demand as doctors due to their knowledge of Mediterranean botany, he added.
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A visual clue to the geographical origin of the manuscript in northern Italy lies in a sketch of a castle with a “swallow-tail” on one page. The unusual design, Skinner believes, is a Ghibelline fortification found only in castles in northern Italy in the 15th century. Many of the region’s towns, such as Pisa, had significant Jewish populations and could have inspired the Germanic style of some of the illustrations because the ruling family was allied to the German Holy Roman Emperor, instead of the pope.
He admitted his theory will have to be rigorously tested by other scholars, but added that he felt “85% certain” he was right. Skinner, who is an expert in medieval esoteric manuscripts, said he was now searching European Jewish books from the period for similar language, codes, scripts or linguistic patterns to those in the Voynich.
Should he succeed, Skinner will have solved a problem that has frustrated academics, cryptographers and computer programming experts since it was discovered in 1912 by the Polish collector Wilfrid Voynich.
Although there were allegations that Voynich had faked the book, the vellum and ink has been carbon dated to between 1404 and 1438. The authorship of the manuscript has led to heated debate with characters as varied as Dee and Leonardo da Vinci being posited as responsible for the manuscript.
Dee has also been suggested as a possible owner of the Voynich manuscript, a claim refuted by Skinner because the Tudor doctor and mystic was a notorious vandal of manuscripts that came into his hands. “The ladder-like symbol of his ownership is not on there and he hasn’t written anything on it,” he said, adding: “A temptation is always to find a name that everyone recognises, but I think it is unlikely to be by anyone famous.”
Skinner is hopeful that facsimiles of the manuscript will help decode it. “If it is in bookshops, someone might pick it up and recognise something in it that they are working with in another field of scholarship,” he said.
Asked what secrets he hopes it will reveal, he cited the medieval use of willow bark which provided the basis of aspirin: “It would be lovely if the herbalist section provided cures for things that we have forgotten about.”
www.theguardian.com/books/2017/jul/05/author-of-mysteriou...
Performing a shunting manoeuvre at Wheal Louise China Clay factory.
1:76 Scale, OO Gauge model railway. Expertly modelled, detailed and operated and always a joy to watch.
Infos : Le Tour de France, Gendarmerie.
Mise en service : 2017
Infos : Le Tour de France, Gendarmerie.
Delivering : 2017
My expert Martin Feathaer, head of Wings of the Tropics, thinks it's Heliconiius sara fulgidus. The pink spots are anomal. The variations in heliconians are fascinating!
The Sara Longwing (Heliconius sara) is a species of neotropical heliconiid butterfly found from Mexico to the Amazon Basin and southern Brazil. It is a colorful species: the dorsal wing surface is black with a large medial patch of metallic blue that is framed by two bands of white on the forewings. The ventral wing surface is a dull brown to black with muted bands and small red spots on the proximal margin.
Inhabiting rainforests, adults are commonly found among sparser secondary growth and along forest margins. They feed on the nectar of Hamelia, Lantana, Palicourea, and Psiguria plants. They reproduce continuously with several generations produced every year. Sara Longwings are one of several heliconiids exhibiting the unusual practice of pupal mating, in which adult males are attracted to female pupae via the latter's pheromones. The males compete for prime perch space close to the females' chrysalids, and successful suitors forcibly mate with the females immediately following their emergence. Alternatively, males may also patrol a territory in which they search for females that have already emerged. The adult stage has a lifespan of 2–3 months.
Like other heliconiids, females seek the new growth of passion flower vines on that to lay their small yellow eggs, in clusters of 10–50. The vines contain toxic compounds that the caterpillars are immune to; as they feed upon the vines, the caterpillars concentrate the toxins within their tissues. After pupating (with the chrysalis also found on the host vine and camouflaged like a leaf), the adult retains the toxins and is protected from predators.
Wings of the Tropics, Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden, Miami, FL
Don't Miss Conversations with
Arts and Parks Experts
Jay E. Cantor
and
Lynden B. Miller
Thursday, December 15th
11:15 Champagne Reception & Program
12:30 Luncheon
Festive Holiday Attire!
Enter to win private tours of the 2017 Winter Antiques Show, New York Botanical Gardens, Bespoke Holiday Gingerbread Houses & more!
Jay E. Cantor
is a noted specialist in American art, architecture and decorative arts. He has taught, lectured and written widely on American art. He established the American Paintings department at Christie's and was founding president of the Georgia O'Keeffe Museum in Santa Fe. His knowledge of decorative crafts and furniture is perhaps best expressed in what has become the definitive book on one of the finest collection of Americana in the United States - Henry du Pont's magnificent Winterthur estate, museum and gardens. Jay is a Vice Chair of the 2017 Winter Antiques Show and will give us a preview of what to expect this coming January!
Lynden B. Miller
is the visionary designer behind a host of public park restorations that have revitalized iconic spaces in New York. Her painterly approach to horticulture can be seen today in many vibrant green spaces including Central Park's cherished Conservatory Garden on 105th Street, Bryant Park and the Jane Watson Irwin Perennial Garden and Ladies Border at the New York Botanical Gardens to name a few of her groundbreaking endeavors. She is the author of Parks, Plants and People - Beautifying the Urban Landscape. Her philosophy? "You make it gorgeous and they will come. Keep it that way and they will help you care for it. Plants have an ability to transform people's lives."
Co-Chairs
Elisabeth Casey * Liz Garrett
Keelin Pye * Carol Sellon
Benefit Committee
Kitty Aresty * Suzanne Clary * Sam Croll * Margaret Doyle
Allison Fadden * Emma Hanratty * Nickolas Hellen * Charlene Laughlin
Nikolaas Henket * Michael Kovner & Jean Doyen de Montaillou
Susan & Ira Millstein * Nancy Patton * Cathy Rosenstock
Susan Skelsey * Karen Thomas *Caroline Wallach * Betsy Buttrill White
(committee in formation)
Please reserve early - seating is limited.
Tickets start at $150 * Sign up here:
All proceeds benefit educational programs in American History, Social Justice, Architecture and Environmental Stewardship
Celana Dalam Pria 7/8 Nike Pro IDR150 Free Ongkir ke Seluruh Indonesia (Desember) #kemejapria #fashionpria #celanapanjangpria #mensfashion #fashionmen #kemejamurah #executive #kemejaformal #sepatupria #celanaslimfit #kemejaslimfit #celanaformal #pakaiandalampria #menstyle #gayapria #pusatpakaianpria #kemejamuslim #pakaianpria #aksesorispria #bajukoko #trousers #shirt #underwear #bajupria #kaospria #celanapria #fashion #pantofelpria
The Peugeot Expert was one of the vans produced by Sevel from 1994 until 2006. These commercial vans were (like the minivans) jointly developed by PSA and Fiat and sold under the Citroën, Fiat and Peugeot brands.
{Please view on black by hitting "L"!}
When you have a rare condition like EDS, YOU have to become the expert. I've had to explain what EDS is to almost every single doctor I've ever seen - and that's a lot of doctors. It can make you a bit uneasy when you're at the ER and they're Googling what your condition is...
This is why YOU need to be the expert about your own condition(s) - and when a doctor you're seeing clearly doesn't understand parts (or all) of your condition, you have to respectfully enlighten them. If they're arrogant about it and won't listen to you because they think you're playing Dr. Google, it's time to find another doctor.
And when you've found a doctor who's smart AND humble... you've hit the jackpot. DON'T LEAVE THEM. I've been lucky enough to find a couple of them, and I'm not going anywhere. (By the way, this certainly isn't a rude generalization about doctors - don't get me wrong! There are many many truly incredible doctors, but like every profession, there are also enough that aren't so incredible.)
And yes... I'm obviously an EDSer. ;) I've actually taken to sitting like this on the computer sometimes. Quite comfortable!
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It's the month of May!! Do you know what that means?? It means that it's EDS awareness month!! And to celebrate/do my part, I'm going to *attempt* to take/publish a new picture every day for the next 31 days as a type of photojournalism project to illustrate concepts related to living with chronic illnesses. This is the eighth picture!
**What is Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome (EDS)? EDS is a rare genetic disorder that causes a person's collagen to be defective; collagen is the main component of connective tissue (the "glue" that holds our bodies together) that is the support for ligaments, muscles, skin, organs, joints, and blood vessels. In other words, people with EDS are living in a body that is literally falling apart. We suffer from numerous dislocations/subluxations every single day, skin that rips very easily, bleeding problems, extreme bruising... and SO much more. To learn more about it, please visit www.EDNF.org, or even just Google it!**
My Indiegogo campaign to raise money to help my family pay for my super expensive spine surgery caused by a complication of EDS: www.indiegogo.com/projects/sarah-s-race-to-lose-the-neck-...
My Facebook page about my surgery: www.facebook.com/SarahsRaceToLoseTheNeckBrace
My EDS video: www.youtube.com/watch?v=-N7xUC2dClo&list=UUzOzZfYyk4B...
My Facebook photography page: www.facebook.com/sarahjillphotography
PopTech Ecomaterials Innovation Lab
The PopTech Ecomaterials Innovation Lab convenes this summer with a goal of fostering breakthroughs in next-generation, ‘ultra-green’ ecological materials and industrial processes.
A network of renowned materials scientists, sustainability experts, industrial ecologists and other key stakeholders will explore the future of such materials and processes, and strategies for accelerating their adoption.
Photography by John Santerre
Here are the images and details for the next LEGO Creator Expert modular, Corner Garage [10264].
LEGO 10264 Corner Garage
Available 1st Jan
AUD299.99
shop.lego.com/en-AU/Corner-Garage-10264
PRESS RELEASE
===========================================
The Corner Garage will be available for purchase starting January 1st (with no early access for LEGO VIPs). The full press release from LEGO as well as an expanded photo gallery are included below.
LEGO 10264 Corner Garage
Ages 16+. 2,569 pieces
US $199.99 – CA $269.99 – DE 179.99€ – UK £159.99 – FR 189.99€ – DK 1,499DKK – AU 299.99
Discover surprises on all levels at the Corner Garage!
Drop by the LEGO Creator Expert 10264 Corner Garage, where you’ll discover a world of fun and surprises! This amazing model comes with removable building sections for easy access to the highly detailed interior and comprises 3 stories. On the ground level there’s a 1950s-style gas station with fuel pump, kiosk and a vehicle workshop complete with a roll-up door, vehicle lift and tire mounter. At the mid-level animal clinic you’ll find an examination table, fish tank, and a waiting area with sofa, while on the upper level you’ll discover a well-equipped apartment with kitchen, TV, sofa, bed and a staircase that leads to a rooftop terrace with sun lounger, parasol and flower garden. The exterior of the building features a classic 1950s facade with signage, detailed windows and a decorative roofline, plus a sidewalk area with a tree and an ornate streetlamp. This charming addition to the Modular Buildings series has been designed to provide a challenging and rewarding building experience, full of nostalgia. Also includes a scooter, tow truck and 6 minifigures, plus parrot, bunny, dog, frog and fish figures.
Includes 6 minifigures: gas station owner, mechanic, vet, woman, man and a girl, plus bunny, parrot, dog, frog and fish figures.
The 3-level Corner Garage advanced building set comes with an array of brick-built details, including a detailed 1950s-style facade with gas station signage, windows, bay windows, arched doorway, roll-up vehicle workshop door, decorative roofline and a rooftop terrace, plus a detailed sidewalk area with tree and ornate streetlamp. This set also includes a tow truck and a scooter.
Ground level features a gas station with a bucket and a fuel pump with a flexible hose, plus a kiosk and a vehicle workshop for car service and repairs, featuring a cash register, tool rack and trolley, oil drum, tire mounter and working vehicle lift.
Mid-level animal clinic features an examination table, parrot perch, fish tank and a waiting area with sofa, armchair, table and flowerpot, plus the animal doctor’s desk lamp, microscope, mug, newspaper, envelope, scissors and syringe.
Upper-level apartment features a well-equipped kitchen with cookies baking in the oven, sink, pan, mug, salt and pepper, spoon and spatula, plus a sofa, bed, an old-fashioned TV, and a bathroom with toilet.
Rooftop terrace features a sun lounger, parasol and flower garden.
Tow truck features a working hoist.
Accessory elements include a window squeegee and a crash helmet.
Help the gas station assistant fill up the 1950s-style scooter.
Roll up the door to access Jo’s vehicle workshop, complete with tire mounter and working vehicle lift.
Remove the modular building sections to access the detailed interior.
New-for-January-2019 decorated elements include an animal clinic window, service station sign and a printed octane gas pump.
Special elements include new-for-January-2019 black ice skates, 2x6x2 window in sand blue, 1×1 medium gray roof tiles, 1×1 angle plate in dark blue and rare dark-orange elements in various shapes and sizes.
Collect and build an entire town with the LEGO Creator Expert Modular Building 10243 Parisian Restaurant, 10255 Assembly Square and 10260 Downtown Diner.
This set includes over 2,560 pieces.
Measures over 12” (32cm) high, 10” (26cm) wide and 9” (25cm) deep.
Tow truck measures over 2” (6cm) high, 5” (14cm) long and 1” (5cm) wide.
Available directly from LEGO Stores & shop.LEGO.com starting January 1, 2019.
More information and pics up: THE BRICK TIME
Be sure to visit the BrickLink-Shop: THE BRICK TIME - Store
Have a look at our LEGO Ideas Projekts
State Department experts on American Citizens Services and Cuba sanctions policy participate in a Twitter Q&A on rules for U.S. Citizens seeking to travel to Cuba, at the U.S. Department of State in Washington, D.C., on June 25, 2015. [State Department photo/ Public Domain]
An FAO expert discussing with Oumou what she expects from FAO’s assistance, Nioro Tougouné Rangabé village, Nioro du Sahel Circle, Kayes Region, Mali. The mother of four who earns her income from farming expresses relief to be given the opportunity to diversify her assets and receive much needed cash transfers.
Photo credit must be given: ©FAO/Sonia Nguyen. Editorial use only. Copyright FAO
And a little bragging from mom! :) My daughter, Tessa, is in the National Guard. All through basic training and her advanced training, they obviously work with weapons. Each time she qualified, she was ONE point shy of "expert", which is what she wanted sooo badly. This past weekend she got to requalify again. Not only did she make expert, she had the highest score of her whole unit, including the males! Way to go Tessa!!!! I just love that she wanted something and worked so hard to get it.
And to add...definitely some inspiration from cookieartisan on the centerpiece cookie!!!!
The medal in the upper left hand corner is the pin she'll get to put with her rank that shows that she's a qualified expert with a rifle.
Yes, I'm proud! :)
Release: 11/2017
Parts: 5923
Price: 330 €
More information and pics up: THE BRICK TIME
Need bricks? Visit our stores:
and new
PopTech Ecomaterials Innovation Lab
The PopTech Ecomaterials Innovation Lab convenes this summer with a goal of fostering breakthroughs in next-generation, ‘ultra-green’ ecological materials and industrial processes.
A network of renowned materials scientists, sustainability experts, industrial ecologists and other key stakeholders will explore the future of such materials and processes, and strategies for accelerating their adoption.
Photography by John Santerre
This is the dropoff at the top of one of the ski trails on the summit of Mammoth Mountain. This one has a black diamond rating. The most difficult trails at Mammoth have a double black diamond rating. The view here is looking southwest down the San Joaquin River valley. We took the gondola back down to the Lodge.
PopTech Ecomaterials Innovation Lab
The PopTech Ecomaterials Innovation Lab convenes this summer with a goal of fostering breakthroughs in next-generation, ‘ultra-green’ ecological materials and industrial processes.
A network of renowned materials scientists, sustainability experts, industrial ecologists and other key stakeholders will explore the future of such materials and processes, and strategies for accelerating their adoption.
Photography by John Santerre