View allAll Photos Tagged Downwards
I'll step and suddenly be swallowed whole,
I'll start rising downwards
then even deeper down
towards the reflected clouds
and maybe further...
Happy weekend, muah:)!
The European Kingfisher or Common Kingfisher, Alcedo atthis, is widely distributed in Europe, Africa, and Asia. It is resident except in northern areas where the rivers freeze. It will then move to milder regions. In most of its European range it is the only kingfisher.
The general colour of the upper parts of the adult bird is bright metallic blue, cobalt on the back, and showing greenish reflections on the head and wings. The ear coverts and under parts are warm chestnut, the chin and sides of neck white.
The bill is blackish and reddish orange at the base; the legs are bright red with a dark blue stripe. In the young the bill is black. Length averages 19 cm (7.5 inches) and wings average 7.5 cm (2.95 inches).
The flight of the Kingfisher is rapid, the short rounded wings whirring until they appear a mere blur. It usually flies near the water, but during courtship the male chases the female through and over the trees with loud shrill whistles.
From February onwards the male has a trilling song, a modulated repetition of many whistles. He also signals with a whistle to the female when he is feeding her, this being his share of the nesting duties. This whistle is produced even when his bill is loaded with food, yet is clear and distinct. The female will reply and emerge from the nesting hole, and may fly to meet him, take the fish from him in the air, and return to the nest.
The bird has regular perches or stands from which it fishes. These may be a few inches or many feet above the water. It sits upright, its tail pointed downwards. It drops suddenly with a splash and usually returns at once with a struggling captive.
Large fish are beaten on a bough or rail; small fish and insects are promptly swallowed. A fish is usually lifted and carried by its middle, but its position is changed, sometimes by tossing it into the air, before it is swallowed head downwards.
This Crested Tern (Sterna bergii) seen on a visit to a beach on this day in 2010. Crested Terns eat small fish, and occasionally squid and prawns. They search for prey by flying about 10 metres above the water looking downwards. When they sight prey, they dive head-first into the water to catch it. Crested Terns breed in colonies on the coast, choosing sites with level ground above the high tide line.
26-December-2019: from this perspective the top part of Peralba is seen on its eastern side and partially hidden, on the right, downwards, by the rocky ridge of Mount Chiadenis (Pic Chiadenis, 2490m a.s.l.) which is part of the same mountain complex.
Rogier Van der Weyden, 1435 ca.
Museo Nacional del Prado, Madrid
Rogier van der Weyden’s Descent from the Cross is a masterpiece that is characterized by a heightened sense of theatricality. The ten figures depicted in the painting resemble a group of actors that have been asked to perform on an unconventional stage. As they are crammed in a confined space that is both narrow and shallow, the painting exudes an unsettling, claustrophobic sense. The emotion that emanates from the intense drama taking place inside is heightened significantly. Furthermore, extreme emotion is portrayed in the physical reaction of the Virgin Mary and the contorted position of mourning of the woman on the right edge (Mary Magdalene). The Virgin’s overall position echoes that of Christ, conveying a state of ultimate empathy. Everyone has tears on their face or is extremely sombre. But the expression of the woman on the left edge of the painting (Mary of Clopas) and of the man holding Christ’s feet (Joseph of Arimathea or Nicodemus) are the most striking of all, as they are the ones that are currently crying. They are portrayed as consumed with crying, both expressions so lifelike and moving. Mary of Clopas is standing in the corner inconsolable, her eyes closed, her face covered in tears, wiping them, holding her head, with her whole body bent from sorrow, while the man is shown to cannot stop his tears either, his mouth turned downwards, his forehead frowned and filled with protruding veins.
This is the Kailashnath Temple at Ellora,a World Heritage Site in the state of Maharashtra,India.This magnificent megalith carved from a single rock was probably built during the reign of the Rashtrakuta King Krishna I between 756 to 773 AD.
This freestanding multistoreyed temple is dedicated to Lord Shiva and is supposed to represent the mythical abode of Shiva - Mount Kailash.
It is notable for its vertical excavation which means work started from the top and moved downwards.Imagine the meticulous planning and execution that was involved because there was no scope of even a single mistake while carving a temple of this size and complexity from a single piece of rock.This during an age when there were no modern tools or implements!
Legend has it that some 200,000 tonnes of rock had to be removed to excavate this spectacular temple.It is 145 feet wide,195 feet long and over 100 feet high.Almost every inch contains intricate and beautiful sculptures from Hindu mythological tales and the epics Ramayana and Mahabharata.
Might be worth a look in large.
Took this night shot from my apartment window. Wanted to get the composition with the circle at the centre so that this photo is geometrical. But my window did not offer that advantage.
So had to manage by holding out my camera by stretching my hands and pointing the camera downwards.
This is a featheredge fence covered in algae, taken with the camera pointing downwards. And then I flipped it vertically. And then, for Sliders Sunday, I played with the colour sliders (Levels adjustment on individual RGB channels - that’s a new one for me :) ).
Well, that’s not exactly all.
It’s also an in-camera multiple exposure using three ICMs, the first two quite blurred, and Darken blend mode. To be honest this bit didn’t make a lot of difference apart from smoothing the lines.
I’ll post a link to the in-camera original for the ME/ICMs in the first comment.
Thanks for taking the time to look. I hope you enjoy the image. Happy 100x and Sliders Sunday!
We are still having our weekly camera club meetings via Zoom. Our last assignment was to find things inside the house, and to shoot them in an abstract and unrecognizable fashion. So I'm not going to tell you what this is today - let's see if you can guess :)
I have one more I will post at a later date.
Okay, I know not everyone has guessed, but I'll tell you what this is. It's a small glass oil lamp in a window. The "smile" is the top of the oil, as it's only half full. The glass is pink and the wick is curling downwards, and there is condensation inside the glass lamp. Some strange reflections showed up as well. That was a fun game :)
View downwards from two-thirds the way up Mount Etna (2000+m). You can see the road up that is remarkably trafficked by large buses (filled with tourists). All the "earth" you see is lava, most of it old lava. It takes more than 100 years for old lava to support vegetation. 37.7533, 15.0061
Seen in San Rafael, Antioquia, Colombia; 1000 meters above sea level.
Diaethria clymena (Cramer's Eighty-eight)
The genus Diaethria is confined to Central and South America - 3 species are found in Mexico while the remainder are widely distributed across the Amazon and Andes.
Diaethria clymena occurs at elevations between sea level and about 2000m, in rainforest and cloud-forest habitats. Both sexes are attracted to rotting fruit. When not feeding, males perch on the upper surface of leaves at a height of about 2-3m, awaiting passing females. They also commonly perch facing head-downwards, on walls or tree trunks.
www.learnaboutbutterflies.com/Amazon%20-%20Diaethria%20cl...
47/365
This was from my photoshoot at the beach yesterday. There was an overcast of clouds and fog, which made this photo possible. I'm actually pretty scared of birds in general, but I was very captivated by them in flight...so much so that I didn't realize a huge wave coming and everything from my knees downwards got soaked!
Have a wonderful Sunday!
~ Explored ~
Khawa Karpo ཁ་བ་དཀར་པོ་། 6740m
Across the gorge as you approach Dechen from Tsakhalho and Hongsan, there are truly dramatic views of the Kawa Karpo glaciers. The astonishing main glacier of Mount5 Kawa Karpo deceives the eye, appearing to plunge downwards almost to the level of the Dza chu རྫ་ཆུ་ (Mekong) in the gorge below. This mighty watershed range has 13 snow peaks forming a north-south alignment.
Among them, Mount Kawa Karpo, the highest, is 6740m, and to its north is Mount Dradul Wangchuk (6379m ). Immediately south of Kawa Karpo, there is a glacial protuberance known as Phakpa Neten Chudruk, and to its south Mount Pawo Pamo (6000 m),followed in succession by the spectacular five-peaked crown of Mount Gyelwa Riknga (5471 m), and two lesser peaks known as Chugen-je and Tsela Nyenpo. Kawa Karpo itself is conceived as a male protector deity and Men Tsunmo as the corresponding female consort.
The range is an important focal point for pilgrimage, revered as one of the 25 important meditation sites associated with Padmasambhava in Kham and Amdo. Specifically, this mountain range symbolizesthe body- aspect of buddha-speech. In the past its sanctuaries and hermitages have been a stronghold of the Nyingmapa school. Vairocana gave teachings on Dzogchen to his followers at Tsawarong, to the northwest of the range; and there are branches of Katok Monastery in its environs. The most renowned figure in this lineage was Kawakarpowa Namka Gyatso who, with his teacher Khedrup Yeshe Gyeltsen, expounded the Katok lineage throughout this extreme southern region of Kham. www.footprinttravelguides.com/c/2848/tibet/&Action=pr...
A small group of Bighorn Mountain Sheep rams making their way downwards along the outer edge of steep mountain cliffs. It's cool to note how they blend into their environment so well!
Few animals are so well adapted to extremes of elevation and temperature as the magnificent wild sheep of western North America’s mountain rangelands. The females, accompanied by lambs and immature rams, and males spend the summer separately in meadows on alpine ranges.
In November and December, increasing snow forces the sheep to descend from their summer range. When mating activity lessens, in late December and January, the rams again form bachelor groups. The winter is spent on relatively small ranges of south-facing, exposed grassland.
The waterbuck is a large antelope found widely in sub-Saharan Africa. It is placed in the genus Kobus of the family Bovidae.
Waterbucks are rather sedentary in nature. As gregarious animals, they may form herds consisting of six to 30 individuals. These groups are either nursery herds with females and their offspring or bachelor herds. Males start showing territorial behaviour from the age of 5 years, but are most dominant from the six to nine. The Waterbuck cannot tolerate dehydration in hot weather, thus it inhabits areas close to sources of water. Predominantly a grazer, the Waterbuck is mostly found on grassland. In equatorial regions, breeding takes place throughout the year, but births are at their peak in the rainy season. The gestational period lasts 7-8 months, followed by the birth of a single calf.
Waterbucks inhabit scrub and savanna areas along rivers, lakes, and valleys. Due to their requirement for grasslands and water, waterbucks have a sparse ecotone distribution. The IUCN lists the waterbuck as being of least concern. More specifically, the Common Waterbuck is listed as of least concern. while the Defassa Waterbuck is near threatened. The population trend for both is downwards, especially that of the Defassa, with large populations being eliminated from certain habitats because of poaching and human disturbance.
Queen Elizabeth II National Park, Uganda. February 2017.
Podil or the Lower city is a historic neighborhood in Kyiv. It is located on a floodplain terrace over the Dnieper between the Kyiv Hills and the lower stream of Pochaina River. Podil is one of the oldest neighborhoods of Kyiv, and the birthplace of the city's trade, commerce and industry. After the Mongol invasion of Rus' and destruction of Kyiv, it served as a city center until the 19th century. Here the city administration (magistrate) and the main university were located, and later the city's port and shipyard were established here
The name “Podil” means something that is situated downwards. This area used to be the trading and crafting center of Kyiv. The names of some Podil neighborhoods reflect this fact: "Dehtyari" (those who work with tar), "Honchari" (potters), "Kozhemyaki" (craftsmen working with leather). On the territory of Podil ancient constructions were found. Some of them date back to the first half of the first millennium before Christ. It is first mentioned, however, in chronicles around 945.
Captured at Warnham Nature Reserve, a very hard-to-find bird in my area of Kent, so it was a joy to nail this one.
A woodland bird, rather dumpy, has the habit of descending tree trunks head-downwards in a jerky manner. The chisel-like bill is used to prise insects from tree bark and to hammer open acorns.
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THANK YOU for your visit and any comments. Trust you are enjoying a fine weather bank holiday, and are in good health. God bless you
..................Tomx
Sabi Sabi Game Reserve
Kruger National Park
Panic Lake
South Africa
The malachite kingfisher (Corythornis cristatus) is a river kingfisher which is widely distributed in Africa south of the Sahara. It is largely resident except for seasonal climate-related movements.
This species is common to reeds and aquatic vegetation near slow-moving water or ponds. It occurs throughout Sub-Saharan Africa except for the very arid parts of Somalia, Kenya, Namibia and Botswana.
The flight of the malachite kingfisher is rapid, with the short, rounded wings whirring until they appear a mere blur. It usually flies low over water.
The bird has regular perches or stands from which it fishes. These are usually low over the water. It sits upright, its tail pointed downwards. It drops suddenly with a splash and usually returns at once with a struggling captive. Large food items are beaten on a bough or rail; small fish and insects are promptly swallowed. A fish is usually lifted and carried by its middle, but its position is changed, sometimes by tossing it into the air, before it is swallowed head downwards. Fish, aquatic insects, and crustaceans are eaten. - Wikipedia
This is a Common Ectemnius, a type of square-headed wasp that's new to me. I thought it had the cutest little antennae. It was peering downwards for the longest time. What it was interested in, I'll never know.
Thank you for your visits and comments, they're all greatly appreciated. Have a wonderful day!
Viola odorata (Violaceae) 065 22
Viola odorata is a species of flowering plant in the viola family, native to Europe and Asia. This small hardy herbaceous perennial is commonly known as wood violet, sweet violet, English violet, common violet, florist's violet, or garden violet. It has been introduced into North America and Australia.
Viola odorata can be distinguished by the following characteristics:
the flowers are scented;
the flowers are normally either dark violet or white;
the leaves and flowers are all in a basal rosette;
the style is hooked (and does not end with a rounded appendage);
the leaf stalks have hairs that point downwards;
the plant spreads with stolons (above-ground shoots).
The species can be found near the edges of forests or in clearings; it is also a common "uninvited guest" in shaded lawns or elsewhere in gardens.
Source: Wikipedia (En)
Londolozi Game Reserve
South Africa
Kruger National Park
The waterbuck (Kobus ellipsiprymnus) is a large antelope found widely in sub-Saharan Africa. It is placed in the genus Kobus of the family Bovidae.
Waterbucks are rather sedentary in nature. A gregarious animal, the waterbuck may form herds consisting of six to 30 individuals. These groups are either nursery herds with females and their offspring or bachelor herds. Males start showing territorial behavior from the age of five years but are most dominant from the age of six to nine. The waterbuck cannot tolerate dehydration in hot weather and thus inhabits areas close to sources of water.
Predominantly a grazer, the waterbuck is mostly found on grassland. In equatorial regions, breeding takes place throughout the year, but births are at their peak in the rainy season. The gestational period lasts for seven to eight months, followed by the birth of a single calf.
Waterbucks inhabit scrub and savanna areas along rivers, lakes and valleys. Due to their requirement for grasslands as well as water, the waterbuck has a sparse ecotone distribution.
The IUCN lists the waterbuck as being of Least Concern. More specifically, the common waterbuck is listed as of Least Concern while the defassa waterbuck is Near Threatened. The population trend for both the common and defassa waterbuck is downwards being eliminated from certain habitats because of hunting and human disturbance. – Wikipedia
A path leads downhill from the top of the Upper Pucks Glen with the late afternoon sun casting long shadows through the trees.
80 x 65 cm
Dear Flickr friends, you are very welcome to hear some of my piano composition .
綠繡眼．攝於台灣 台中縣 八仙山森林遊樂區
Japanese White-eye, taken at Basianshan National Forest, Taichung County, TAIWAN
我們拍到的鳥大多是往上飛的，很少像這隻是向下墜飛的，好像在高空彈跳呢！
Most of the images John and Fish captured of birds were airborne. This one, however, was heading downwards. Looks like he was getting a kick out of the thrill of bungee jumping!
Europe, The Netherlands, Noord Brabant, Tilburg, Railway station, Roof detail. Koenraad van der Gaast.
The striking element of Tilburg’s modernist station is its ‘fragmented’, hypar shell roof. It not only covers the platforms and the station concourse, but also the taxi rank, bus stop and forecourt of the station. It consists of 12 shells, each measuring 21 by 21 meters, partly resting on concrete columns and steel pylons, partly (on the outside), suspended from it. They’re covered with wood and are separated by 4.2 meters wide diagonal window strips. The station building tself is formed by flat, strip shaped steel skeletoned building units.
The building was designed in 1965 by Koenraad Van der Gaast. This Nederlandse Spoorwegen architect was no stranger to spectacular roof designs - with earlier designs for the stations of Eindhoven, Venlo, Almelo and Schiedam, he had already experimented with alternative roof constructions with increasingly spectacular shapes.
The reason why the Tilburg old station (from 1863) had to be demolished was that it had become too small. And there was a compelling urbanistic reason too. The railway tracks had to be raised to separate the traffic flows in the city. A challenge was the limited space: the station was to be built directly bordering a major traffic artery There was hardly ane space for a larger station.
The building process was also not without its problems – initially the design was based on a entirely wooden construction, but this was eventually deemed to dangerous.
About the hypar- shells - for archi nerds only ;-) : “A hypar scale, also known as a doubly curved or hyperbolic paraboloid shape, is a square surface with two diagonally opposite corners bent upwards and the other two corners bent downwards. This creates a surface that is curved in two directions, which has great stability due to the curvature, but which can still be built up from straight construction parts.”
Main source: here.
This number 34 of the Canon 5d Mk ii album.
A beautiful moment of sun rays breaking through clouds, often referred to as crepuscular rays or sunbeams, when the sun's angle allows for a more dramatic display of light and shadow.
The sun's light streams downwards, creating a striking visual effect against the backdrop of a cloudy sky. In the foreground, the silhouettes of palm trees and other foliage are visible, adding depth to the composition.
Crepuscular rays, are visibly breaking through a gap in the clouds, creating a striking visual effect as they illuminate parts of the sky and the landscape below.
Shot from Dahab during the “golden hour", before sunset.
The combination of the sun's rays, the cloud formations, and the natural elements represents a serene and dramatic atmospheric condition, typical of twilight hours. This time of day offers a magical mix of natural light in a warm and inviting atmosphere.
Fairly common in deciduous and mixed woodland, forest, gardens with larger trees; visits bird feeders. Usually seen as singles or pairs, hitching along trunks and larger branches. Acts a bit like a mini-woodpecker, but does not use its tail for support and sometimes goes downwards head-first. Often feeds in the canopy, but also feeds on the ground where seeds have fallen. Easily overlooked until rather loud ringing calls are learned. Appearance distinctive, with long pointed bill, short tail, black mask, and peachy-coloured underparts. eBird
Watching the smoke drifting upwards, i thought,... it could quite easily be that it was flowing downwards and in, so i aligned the chimney on the house beyond... but does it work?
Londolozi Game Reserve
South Africa
In Kruger National Park
The waterbuck (Kobus ellipsiprymnus) is a large antelope found widely in sub-Saharan Africa. It is placed in the genus Kobus of the family Bovidae.
Waterbucks are rather sedentary in nature. A gregarious animal, the waterbuck may form herds consisting of six to 30 individuals. These groups are either nursery herds with females and their offspring or bachelor herds. Males start showing territorial behavior from the age of five years but are most dominant from the age of six to nine. The waterbuck cannot tolerate dehydration in hot weather and thus inhabits areas close to sources of water.
Predominantly a grazer, the waterbuck is mostly found on grassland. In equatorial regions, breeding takes place throughout the year, but births are at their peak in the rainy season. The gestational period lasts for seven to eight months, followed by the birth of a single calf.
Waterbucks inhabit scrub and savanna areas along rivers, lakes and valleys. Due to their requirement for grasslands as well as water, the waterbuck has a sparse ecotone distribution.
The IUCN lists the waterbuck as being of Least Concern. More specifically, the common waterbuck is listed as of Least Concern while the defassa waterbuck is Near Threatened. The population trend for both the common and defassa waterbuck is downwards being eliminated from certain habitats because of hunting and human disturbance. – Wikipedia
Khawa Karpo ཁ་བ་དཀར་པོ་། 6740m
Across the gorge as you approach Dechen from Tsakhalho and Hongsan, there are truly dramatic views of the Kawa Karpo glaciers. The astonishing main glacier of Mount5 Kawa Karpo deceives the eye, appearing to plunge downwards almost to the level of the Dza chu རྫ་ཆུ་ (Mekong) in the gorge below. This mighty watershed range has 13 snow peaks forming a north-south alignment.
Among them, Mount Kawa Karpo, the highest, is 6740m, and to its north is Mount Dradul Wangchuk (6379m ). Immediately south of Kawa Karpo, there is a glacial protuberance known as Phakpa Neten Chudruk, and to its south Mount Pawo Pamo (6000 m),followed in succession by the spectacular five-peaked crown of Mount Gyelwa Riknga (5471 m), and two lesser peaks known as Chugen-je and Tsela Nyenpo. Kawa Karpo itself is conceived as a male protector deity and Men Tsunmo as the corresponding female consort.
The range is an important focal point for pilgrimage, revered as one of the 25 important meditation sites associated with Padmasambhava in Kham and Amdo. Specifically, this mountain range symbolizesthe body- aspect of buddha-speech. In the past its sanctuaries and hermitages have been a stronghold of the Nyingmapa school. Vairocana gave teachings on Dzogchen to his followers at Tsawarong, to the northwest of the range; and there are branches of Katok Monastery in its environs. The most renowned figure in this lineage was Kawakarpowa Namka Gyatso who, with his teacher Khedrup Yeshe Gyeltsen, expounded the Katok lineage throughout this extreme southern region of Kham. www.footprinttravelguides.com/c/2848/tibet/&Action=pr...
Seen flying over the Caroni Swamp, in Trinidad, West Indies. Captured from a flat-bottomed tourist boat anchored in the swamp while awaiting the arrival of thousands of Scarlet Ibis that roost in the Caroni Wetlands and Bird Sanctuary at sunset.
The Caribbean flamingo has a total length of about 120 cm. The male flamingo is somewhat larger than the female. The plumage of adult flamingos is rosy vermilion to pinkish salmon. The deepest colour is on the neck and the wing-coverts. The primary feathers are black, but are often concealed when the wings are folded. The bill is big and curved downwards. The botton third is black in colour, the remainder part is pale yellow/ivory. The eyes are yellow. Juveniles are mostly greyish with a tinge of pink on the underparts and the wings. WAZA
The European Kingfisher or Common Kingfisher, Alcedo atthis, is widely distributed in Europe, Africa, and Asia. It is resident except in northern areas where the rivers freeze. It will then move to milder regions. In most of its European range it is the only kingfisher.
The general colour of the upper parts of the adult bird is bright metallic blue, cobalt on the back, and showing greenish reflections on the head and wings. The ear coverts and under parts are warm chestnut, the chin and sides of neck white.
The bill is blackish and reddish orange at the base; the legs are bright red with a dark blue stripe. In the young the bill is black. Length averages 19 cm (7.5 inches) and wings average 7.5 cm (2.95 inches).
The flight of the Kingfisher is rapid, the short rounded wings whirring until they appear a mere blur. It usually flies near the water, but during courtship the male chases the female through and over the trees with loud shrill whistles.
From February onwards the male has a trilling song, a modulated repetition of many whistles. He also signals with a whistle to the female when he is feeding her, this being his share of the nesting duties. This whistle is produced even when his bill is loaded with food, yet is clear and distinct. The female will reply and emerge from the nesting hole, and may fly to meet him, take the fish from him in the air, and return to the nest.
The bird has regular perches or stands from which it fishes. These may be a few inches or many feet above the water. It sits upright, its tail pointed downwards. It drops suddenly with a splash and usually returns at once with a struggling captive.
Large fish are beaten on a bough or rail; small fish and insects are promptly swallowed. A fish is usually lifted and carried by its middle, but its position is changed, sometimes by tossing it into the air, before it is swallowed head downwards.
This one was at 1 second of exposure and the Dremel spinning in the other direction sending the sparks downwards.
Hooded crow (Corvus cornix) looking downwards while perched on a branch.
Wrona siwa (Corvus cornix) siedząca na gałęzi i patrząca w dół.
Sabi Sabi Game Reserve
Kruger National Park
South Africa
The waterbuck (Kobus ellipsiprymnus) is a large antelope found widely in sub-Saharan Africa. It is placed in the genus Kobus of the family Bovidae.
Waterbucks are rather sedentary in nature. A gregarious animal, the waterbuck may form herds consisting of six to 30 individuals. These groups are either nursery herds with females and their offspring or bachelor herds. Males start showing territorial behavior from the age of five years but are most dominant from the age of six to nine. The waterbuck cannot tolerate dehydration in hot weather and thus inhabits areas close to sources of water.
Predominantly a grazer, the waterbuck is mostly found on grassland. In equatorial regions, breeding takes place throughout the year, but births are at their peak in the rainy season. The gestational period lasts for seven to eight months, followed by the birth of a single calf.
Waterbucks inhabit scrub and savanna areas along rivers, lakes and valleys. Due to their requirement for grasslands as well as water, the waterbuck has a sparse ecotone distribution.
The IUCN lists the waterbuck as being of Least Concern. More specifically, the common waterbuck is listed as of Least Concern while the defassa waterbuck is Near Threatened. The population trend for both the common and defassa waterbuck is downwards being eliminated from certain habitats because of hunting and human disturbance. – Wikipedia