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A place that reminds us of a very dark period in world history...but also offers a great view.
Photo taken on December 4th, 2016.
NS-Documentationcenter, Munich
Bienner Str. 14
www.ns-dokuzentrum-muenchen.de/1/home/
in Explore, 6. August 2017
"MAKE ANTIFASCISM GREAT AGAIN"
[Documentation Center Nazi Party Rally Grounds]
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nazi_Party_rally_grounds
This shows approximately 30% of the inner court of the Nazi Party’s never-completed Congressional Hall (Kongresshalle)(Kongreßhalle). Its construction with forced labor on the shore of Nuremberg’s Dutzendteich (Dozen-Pool) Lake began in 1935 and ended with Nazi Germany’s defeat. This gigantic chamber was designed to seat 50,000 people, and its skylight-equipped roof would have spanned the entire space without columns for support. In accord with Adolpf Hitler’s grandiosity and the Third Reich’s use of individual-dwarfing “intimidation architecture,” the exterior of this thick, curved structure–clad on the outside with a granite facade–was designed as an upscaled (150%) facsimile of Rome’s Coliseum. Its intended outer diameter of 250 meters (820 feet) was achieved, but the Allied Forces’ invasion halted construction at the current height of 39 meters (128 feet)–well short of the intended, roof-including height of 70 meters (230 feet). The parked tour bus in my picture provided a welcome reference scale to show the size of this structure. Imagine how much more intimidating the finished structure would have been if the cavernous roof had arched 80% higher than the current wall! The structure’s northern wing now contains The Documentation Center (Dokumentationszentrum), whose "Fascination and Terror" exhibition extensively documents not only the atrocities of Nazi Germany but also the insidious processes by which Germany’s pre-Nazi democracy was perverted into the Nazi nightmare. This latter documentation, like Sinclair Lewis’s 1935 novel It Can’t Happen Here, is frighteningly relevant today to every democracy. 12 July 2015, Documentation Center, Nazi Party Rallying Grounds (Dokumentationszentrum Reichsparteitagsgelände), Nuremberg (Nürnberg), Bavaria (Bayern), Germany (Deutschland).
2015-07-12 GGP07437 Nuremberg Scale of Kongresshalle.jpg
Located in Nuremberg, Germany, the Documentation Center of the Nazi Party (Dokumentationszentrum Reichsparteitagsgelande) is a museum that displays and studies the causes, coherence and consequences of National Socialism.
Established in 1994 by the city council of Nuremberg, the museum is housed in the former Nazi Congress Hall on the Party Rally Grounds, one of the few pieces of Nazi architecture to survive post World War II. What used to be a celebration of Imperial power is now a stark and complex reminder of the era.
The permanent exhibition at the Documentation Center titled "Fascination and Terror" (Faszination und Gewalt) studies the causes, coherence, and consequences of National Socialism. It describes the Nazi Party Rallies and explains the fascination they exercised upon participants and visitors. At the same time, the exhibition endeavors to explain what led to the National Socialists' criminal exercise of power and to reveal how the various causal factors were interrelated. A further goal is a frank presentation of the violent consequences that ensued for the population.
Austrian architect Gunther Domenig (1934-2012) designed the museum. A glass and metal spike sticks out of the entrance dangling unfinished at both ends. This spike runs through the building, an act of intentional disruption that stabs through the heart of the Monumentalist architecture. The museum presents a picture of human destruction and makes an important statement for the city of Nuremberg....that they won't forget or hide the part it played during the Third Reich.
The window-mounted black-and-white image that I included in this photograph shows an artist’s depiction of the architects’ vision for the incomplete shell behind it–the Nazi Party’s Congressional Hall (Kongresshalle), which was designed to seat 50,000 people. Forced-labor construction of this building was halted by Allied Forces at the end of World War II. The portion of the brick structure included in my photograph is only a small part of the whole; it corresponds to the rightmost 20% of the black-and-white image. At the top of my photograph is a rooftop observation platform that protrudes over the red brick wall. Beneath it is a broad horizontal band of the wall that features ten rows of jutting-out rectangles; running horizontally along its base is a catwalk with a guardrail. The backs of the simulated columns shown in the black-and-white plan would have been mounted to these jutting-out rectangles, and this shows how tall those simulated columns would have been. Conversely, the artist’s depiction shows how far the ceiling would have soared above the top of this brick wall. The catwalk marks where the circumferential walkway at the base of the columns would have been located. Spaced out along this band of red brick wall are doors that are topped by parabola-shaped arches. These doors would have led into the aisles that descended into the top tier of seats. Immediately to the left of the black-and-white image (to the left of its columns) is a large, rectangular doorway whose bricked-off passage is painted with a large, faint “H.” Farther to its left is a similar doorway painted with a large “G.” Down-sloping continuations of these passageways would have opened into the main floor of the Congressional Hall. Just above the concrete lintel that tops the doorway marked “H” are three smaller doorways. Continuations of these would have led to the aisles that descended into the lower tier of seats (which slope downward toward the main floor). More information about this structure and its history are provided with my accompanying picture, “Inner Court of the Nazi Party’s Never-Completed Congressional Hall.” 12 July 2015, Documentation Center, Nazi Party Rallying Grounds (Dokumentationszentrum Reichsparteitagsgelände), Nuremberg (Nürnberg), Bavaria (Bayern), Germany (Deutschland).
2015-07-12 GGP07441 Nuremberg Kongresshalle Plan Arrested.jpg
Since most of us won't be traveling again anytime soon, I figured I would load some old pictures from my business trips to Germany... The old Nazi Dokumentationszentum in Nuremberg (Nurnberg) that is now a museum
BBC News; 15 April 1945
"British troops liberate Bergen-Belsen
British troops have entered the German concentration camp of Bergen-Belsen.
Inside the camp the horrified soldiers found piles of dead and rotting corpses and thousands of sick and starving prisoners kept in severely overcrowded and dirty compounds.
Belsen, near Hanover in Germany, is the first concentration camp to be liberated by the British. Details of the conditions inside are likely to horrify a public which until now has only heard limited descriptions from the camps in Poland freed by the Red Army.
The first British soldiers who entered Bergen-Belsen have described seeing a huge pile of dead, naked women's bodies within full view of several hundred children held at the camp.
From where we were, we could see the desperate plight of the inmates
People's War memories »
The gutters, too, were filled with dead bodies.
One of the reasons the Germans agreed to surrender Belsen was because so many of the inmates were diseased. There was no running water in the camp and there were epidemics of typhus, typhoid and tuberculosis.
There were thousands of sick women, who should have been in hospital, lying on hard, bare bug-ridden boards. Of the 1,704 acute typhus, typhoid and tuberculosis cases, only 474 women had bunks to sleep on.
There were fewer male prisoners, but they were also kept in severely overcrowded and dirty conditions.
One of the British senior medical officers, Brigadier Llewellyn Glyn- Hughes, told the Reuters news agency he saw evidence of cannibalism in the camp. There were bodies with no flesh on them and the liver, kidneys and heart removed.
He said their first priority was to remove the dead bodies from the camp. He was told some 30,000 people had died in the past few months.
He said typhus had caused far fewer deaths than starvation. Men and women had tried to keep themselves clean with dregs from coffee cups. Medical supplies were severely limited - there were no vaccines, or drugs and no treatments for lice.
The only food available for the prisoners was turnip soup and British guards had to fire over the heads of prisoners to restore order among those desperate to get at the food stores.
Those prisoners who were too weak to get up and collect their food went without and died.
The camp commandant, who was described as "unashamed" at the camp conditions, has been placed under arrest. "
The Documentation Centre at the Bergen-Belsen Memorial opened in October 2007. This building holds all of the documents, photographs, film footage and objects associated with the history of the site that have already been collected by the Memorial, and all future acquisitions will be stored here as well. These resources are available to researchers and educators. Some of the material is displayed in the permanent exhibition that covers the history of the POW camps on Lüneburg Heath, the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp and the DP camp.
The nearly 200-metre-long building lies outside the grounds of the former camp, but it protrudes a few metres into them, hovering over the former perimeter without touching the earth. The ground floor of the two-storey concrete building is bisected by a Stony Path that leads visitors from the forecourt of the Memorial to the cemetery and the site of the camp.
An information desk, bookshop and cafeteria are also located on the ground floor in the entrance hall at the front of the building. The Memorial’s archive and library can be found on the first floor. The permanent exhibition on the history of Bergen-Belsen covers two floors and around 1,500 square metres of space at the back of the building. The exhibition halls are sparsely designed, and the floor rises slightly towards the grounds of the former camp. A large panoramic window at the end of the building provides the only glimpse of the outside and makes the historical site itself a part of the exhibition.
At almost 200 meters long, the Documentation and Information Center at Bergen-Belsen Memorial, which is made almost entirely of concrete, is an unusual structure. There are two paths through the Documentation Center: one is an open passageway or “stony path” that leads directly to the grounds. The second leads visitors to the exhibition rooms, which document the history of the site from prisoner of war camp to concentration camp.
Client: Stiftung Niedersächsische Gedenkstätten
GFA: 4,900 m²
Competition: 02/2003, 1st prize
Completion: 10/2007
Awards: BDA-Prize Lower-Saxony 2009
State of Lower Saxony Prize for Architecture 2008
Museum Prize Lower-Saxony 2009
Photographer: Klemens Ortmeyer, Stephan Falk
Nikon d800 panorama
The Documentation Center Nazi Party Rallying Grounds (German: Dokumentationszentrum Reichsparteitagsgelände) is a museum in Nuremberg. It is in the north wing of the unfinished remains of the Congress Hall of the former Nazi party rallies. Its permanent exhibition "Fascination and Terror" is concerned with the causes, connections, and consequences of Nazi Germany. Topics that have a direct reference to Nuremberg are especially taken into account. Attached to the museum is an education forum.
Die Nürnberger Burg ist das Wahrzeichen der Stadt Nürnberg. Von ihrer Freiung sowie vom Sinwellturm genießt der Besucher einen atemberaubenden Blick über die Altstadt.
Foto: Uwe Niklas
Das Bild darf zu Zwecken der touristischen und wirtschaftlichen Darstellung des Standortes Nürnberg oder der Pressearbeit verwendet werden. Eine kommerzielle Nutzung ist ausgeschlossen. Das Bild ist urheberrechtlich geschützt, eine Verwendung bedarf die Nennung des Fotografen.
The U.S Army Corps of Engineers Europe District hosted its annual US-German Partnering Conference February 23-24, 2010, at the Maritim Hotel in Nürnberg, Germany. The conference - themed "Partnership through improved communication" - aimed at creating a better understanding between partners and to synchronize joint efforts. Participants also had a chance to meet and share experiences and ideas with project managers and other Corps of Engineers leaders. Attendees were also given an overview of planned military construction (MILCON) and housing programs. As part of the conference attendees visited the Documentation Centre Nazi Party Rally Grounds, shorter in German as Dokuzentrum or Docu Centre, located in the former Congress Hall. By visiting this museum, participants could communicate on a less formal level to help improve communication on a formal level. (U.S. Army Corps of Engineers photo by Carol E. Davis)
The U.S Army Corps of Engineers Europe District hosted its annual US-German Partnering Conference February 23-24, 2010, at the Maritim Hotel in Nürnberg, Germany. The conference - themed "Partnership through improved communication" - aimed at creating a better understanding between partners and to synchronize joint efforts. Participants also had a chance to meet and share experiences and ideas with project managers and other Corps of Engineers leaders. Attendees were also given an overview of planned military construction (MILCON) and housing programs. As part of the conference attendees visited the Documentation Centre Nazi Party Rally Grounds, shorter in German as Dokuzentrum or Docu Centre, located in the former Congress Hall. By visiting this museum, participants could communicate on a less formal level to help improve communication on a formal level. (U.S. Army Corps of Engineers photo by Carol E. Davis)
The U.S Army Corps of Engineers Europe District hosted its annual US-German Partnering Conference February 23-24, 2010, at the Maritim Hotel in Nürnberg, Germany. The conference - themed "Partnership through improved communication" - aimed at creating a better understanding between partners and to synchronize joint efforts. Participants also had a chance to meet and share experiences and ideas with project managers and other Corps of Engineers leaders. Attendees were also given an overview of planned military construction (MILCON) and housing programs. As part of the conference attendees visited the Documentation Centre Nazi Party Rally Grounds, shorter in German as Dokuzentrum or Docu Centre, located in the former Congress Hall. By visiting this museum, participants could communicate on a less formal level to help improve communication on a formal level. (U.S. Army Corps of Engineers photo by Carol E. Davis)
The U.S Army Corps of Engineers Europe District hosted its annual US-German Partnering Conference February 23-24, 2010, at the Maritim Hotel in Nürnberg, Germany. The conference - themed "Partnership through improved communication" - aimed at creating a better understanding between partners and to synchronize joint efforts. Participants also had a chance to meet and share experiences and ideas with project managers and other Corps of Engineers leaders. Attendees were also given an overview of planned military construction (MILCON) and housing programs. As part of the conference attendees visited the Documentation Centre Nazi Party Rally Grounds, shorter in German as Dokuzentrum or Docu Centre, located in the former Congress Hall. By visiting this museum, participants could communicate on a less formal level to help improve communication on a formal level. (U.S. Army Corps of Engineers photo by Carol E. Davis)
The U.S Army Corps of Engineers Europe District hosted its annual US-German Partnering Conference February 23-24, 2010, at the Maritim Hotel in Nürnberg, Germany. The conference - themed "Partnership through improved communication" - aimed at creating a better understanding between partners and to synchronize joint efforts. Participants also had a chance to meet and share experiences and ideas with project managers and other Corps of Engineers leaders. Attendees were also given an overview of planned military construction (MILCON) and housing programs. As part of the conference attendees visited the Documentation Centre Nazi Party Rally Grounds, shorter in German as Dokuzentrum or Docu Centre, located in the former Congress Hall. By visiting this museum, participants could communicate on a less formal level to help improve communication on a formal level. (U.S. Army Corps of Engineers photo by Carol E. Davis)
The U.S Army Corps of Engineers Europe District hosted its annual US-German Partnering Conference February 23-24, 2010, at the Maritim Hotel in Nürnberg, Germany. The conference - themed "Partnership through improved communication" - aimed at creating a better understanding between partners and to synchronize joint efforts. Participants also had a chance to meet and share experiences and ideas with project managers and other Corps of Engineers leaders. Attendees were also given an overview of planned military construction (MILCON) and housing programs. As part of the conference attendees visited the Documentation Centre Nazi Party Rally Grounds, shorter in German as Dokuzentrum or Docu Centre, located in the former Congress Hall. By visiting this museum, participants could communicate on a less formal level to help improve communication on a formal level. (U.S. Army Corps of Engineers photo by Carol E. Davis)
"The strongest moral courage is powerless against systematically organised troublemaking and terror"
Max Süßbein
[Documentation Center Nazi Party Rally Grounds]
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nazi_Party_rally_grounds
The center is housed in the unfinished National Socialist Congress Hall (Kongresshalle). For more info, visit museums.nuremberg.de/documentation-centre.
The Documentation Center Nazi Party Rallying Grounds (German: Dokumentationszentrum Reichsparteitagsgelände) is a museum in Nuremberg. It is in the north wing of the unfinished remains of the Congress Hall of the former Nazi party rallies. Its permanent exhibition "Fascination and Terror" is concerned with the causes, connections, and consequences of Nazi Germany. Topics that have a direct reference to Nuremberg are especially taken into account. Attached to the museum is an education forum.
Monumentale Architektur als Ausdruck von Größenwahn: Das Reichsparteitagsgelände in Nürnberg mit der Zeppelintribüne.
Foto: Uwe Niklas
Das Bild darf zu Zwecken der touristischen und wirtschaftlichen Darstellung des Standortes Nürnberg oder der Pressearbeit verwendet werden. Eine kommerzielle Nutzung ist ausgeschlossen. Das Bild ist urheberrechtlich geschützt, eine Verwendung bedarf die Nennung des Fotografen.
Maxvorstadt | Brienner Straße
The NS-Dokumentationszentrum is a museum which focuses on the history of Munich and the rest of Bavaria during World War I, and World War II, especially the history and consequences of the Nazi regime.
It is situated at the site of the former Brown House, the Nazi Party headquarters.
Arch. Georg Scheel Wetzel
2012-15
Der Sinwellturm der Nürnberger Kaiserburg.
Foto: Uwe Niklas
Das Bild darf zu Zwecken der touristischen und wirtschaftlichen Darstellung des Standortes Nürnberg oder der Pressearbeit verwendet werden. Eine kommerzielle Nutzung ist ausgeschlossen. Das Bild ist urheberrechtlich geschützt, eine Verwendung bedarf die Nennung des Fotografen.
The Documentation Center Nazi Party Rallying Grounds (German: Dokumentationszentrum Reichsparteitagsgelände) is a museum in Nuremberg. It is in the north wing of the unfinished remains of the Congress Hall of the former Nazi party rallies. Its permanent exhibition "Fascination and Terror" is concerned with the causes, connections, and consequences of Nazi Germany. Topics that have a direct reference to Nuremberg are especially taken into account. Attached to the museum is an education forum.
Alles andere als langweilig! Das Germanische Nationalmuseum in Nürnberg zeigt eine verständliche und lebendige Präsentation unschätzbarer Zeugnisse der Kulturgeschichte aus dem deutschsprachigen Raum und bietet Oasen der Ruhe und des Verweilens, eingebettet in ein beeindruckendes architektonisches Gesamtbild.
Foto: Uwe Niklas
Das Bild darf zu Zwecken der touristischen und wirtschaftlichen Darstellung des Standortes Nürnberg oder der Pressearbeit verwendet werden. Eine kommerzielle Nutzung ist ausgeschlossen. Das Bild ist urheberrechtlich geschützt, eine Verwendung bedarf die Nennung des Fotografen.