View allAll Photos Tagged Diagnostics
Diagnostic shot of a White-throated Earthcreeper, Upucerthia albigula, 19.5 - 22 cm. / 7.5 - 8.5 in. Restricted range species which is COMMON in Putre and similar nearby areas with dry ravines adjacent to agricultural fields or native scrub. The tail is in focus!
Putre, Arica Y Painacota Region, Chile. ©bryajsmith.
Image tweeted by ESA astronaut Luca Parmitano during his #MissionBeyond. Luca tweeted this with the text: "Acoustic Diagnostics is an ASI experiment, in cooperation with the University of Rome Tor Vergata, to study the effects of the background noise of the ISS on the hearing of the astronauts".
Credit: ESA/NASA
ID:402F0623
Companion diagnostic tests show which patients could be helped by a drug and which patients would not benefit, and could even be harmed.
The recent approval of a genetic test to help doctors prescribe a drug that treats colorectal cancer is just one example of the increasing importance of companion diagnostic tests in personalized medicine to ensure the safety and effectiveness of targeted therapies. Read this FDA Consumer Update to learn more.
This graphic is free of all copyright restrictions and available for use and redistribution without permission. Credit to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration is appreciated but not required. For more privacy and use information visit: www.flickr.com/people/fdaphotos/
FDA graphic by Michael J. Ermarth
British Medical Ultrasound Society Master Class Meeting at UCD School of Medicine ; 14th November 2015
The Story:
After the TARDIS was destroyed from crossing between dimensions, The Doctor, in his newly regenerated incarnation, along with the help of the Unified Intelligence Taskforce, rebuilt her control room from the ground up. The modifications to the console (inspired by the Scream of the Shalka console) allow the original Gallifreyan Technology to still function in this new universe. Many times in between construction, The Doctor would sit next to his bookshelf, or play the piano. These items were left in the control room when the TARDIS managed to successfully travel. The Doctor enjoyed his quiet comforts, until Amber Fox, the Doctor’s friend and traveling companion, brought in her own chair and record player to add some more bounce in his life.
WHAT YOU SEE:
A lot of this post is things that were previously mentioned like the Bookshelf and Amber’s Chair and Record Player, so for this one, I will be focusing on the Piano as well as the actual console itself and the room details.
On the far right is the Doctor’s Piano! A gift to him from Mozart himself! The Doctor enjoys playing any piece, from classical to rock! The Doctor often uses the piano to express his emotions. For example, if he is playing a dramatic piece, he is upset, or angry. If he plays a rather upbeat song, he’s in a good mood. However, his favorite song is quite a mystery, as it is both a happy and sad song.
On top of the Piano is a copy of H.G. Wells: The Time Machine. (Designer’s note: The design of the cover of the book is in fact the same one that was used in the 1996 TV Movie.)
THE CONSOLE:
The Console was heavily inspired by the console seen in Scream of the Shalka. There are two layers that house the Primary and Secondary controls. The lower panels make up the Primary Controls, such as the brakes, stabilizers, helmic regulators and the spacial coordinates input. The upper panels make up the Secondary Controls, such as the diagnostics port, the fast return switch, and the isomorphic controls. The Doctor, with the help of UNIT, added the Secondary controls to the console as most of the original controls on the TARDIS were not in operating order and could not be salvaged.
THE ROOM:
The entire room is kept how it originally was when it was located by UNIT. Many of the walls had deteriorated as well as completely SNAP in half, the Scanner was cracked, and there was no power from the Eye of Harmony. The Doctor and UNIT rebuilt the room when the Console was re-installed and gave the Old Girl a new paint job.
(Designer’s Note: The platforms on which the console rests was constructed with the help of SAM K BRICKS! His name will be popping up a lot in this! All of the Gallifreyan symbols on the 1x1 Round Tiles and the Scanner were added by me. It was a difficult process to illuminate them, but the outcome is so worth it. I may, in the future, attempt to re-design the light-mechanics, as I’m not too happy with how they just stand out of the platforms, but if I move them in any more, the don’t light up the way I want them to.
The walls were designed by Daniel Lavine and modified to this build by me! You’ll notice that the main color scheme of this build was blue and gold, they are my favorite colors if you couldn’t tell. The trim around the top of the walls is definitely one of my favorite additions. I took some inspiration from a Mr. Gunnbuilding and used more Gallifreyan Symbols to add that extra Time Lord feel to the interior. Taking another page out of his book, the trim along each angle of the Hexagonal base was inspired by him. The alternating glowing tiles along the center of each side of the floor were a small but charming design choice by yours truly.)
A massive thank you to Sam K Bricks for all his help with this build!
Diagnostic New Zealand Storm-Petrel, Fregetta (Pealeornis) maoriana, 18 cm. / 7.1 in. Diagnostic shot of a very RARE ENDEMIC and CRITICALLY ENDANGERED bird that was believed extinct until it was re-found in January 2003. Breeds only on Little Barrier Island and ranges the Tasman and Coral Seas. Less than 200 remaining. Very fast flying bird.
Hauraki Gulf Maritime Park, North Island, New Zealand.
©bryanjsmith.
Exposed on the territory of the Russian Railways Museum in St Petersburg during biannual International railway fair "1520 "PRO//Motion.Expo"
type 18-9855 BARBER S-2-R see: www.flickr.com/photos/cetus13/48617715827/in/album-721577...
Diagnostic character. The red abdomen is the only way to distinguish E. ventralis from the red or orange forms of E. ornata, with black abdomen.
In my garden. Zaragoza, Spain
Diagnostic Paint-billed Crake, Mustelirallus erythrops erythrops, Neocrex erythrops, 18 - 20 cm. / 7.1 - 7.87 in. SCARCE resident and very secretive.
Isla Santa Cruz, Galapagos Islands, Ecuador.
©bryanjsmith.
On the Wilson Air Center ramp at MEM, Quest Diagnostics Pilatus N867QD is ready to depart for Dallas Love Field (DAL).
ESA astronaut Matthias Maurer demonstrates the DLR-EAC Retinal Diagnostics project. He posted these images to his social media on 4 April 2022 with the caption:
A good looking project 😉 This German Aerospace Center, DLR-EAC Retinal Diagnostics project helps examine astronaut eyes on the International Space Station. With the help of an ophthalmic lens, which we attach to the camera of our tablets, and ESA - European Space Agency's ECOS operations support team on the ground we take and send images of our retina for analysis by experts 👀 These images are used to detect visual disorders that are common in space and to train an Artifical Intelligence (AI) model for future diagnosis. However, because this app is so compact and easy-to-use, it can also help in performing remote examinations and ensuring eye health in hard-to-reach places on Earth. www.esa.int/About_Us/EAC/Artificial_intelligence_for_eye_...
Credit: NASA/ESA-M.Maurer
ID: iss066e161316
Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Lisbon Portugal
Charles Correa Associates designed this research and diagnostic centre located in Lisbon. It is a state-of-the-art facility guided by some of the best scientist in the world. The site, where the river meets the Atlantic Ocean, is steeped in history. It is the site where Henry the Navigator, Vasco de Gama and other great Portuguese left on their journeys into the unknown—a perfect metaphor for the discoveries of contemporary science today. The 3 units that constitute the project are:
•the largest for the doctors and scientist,
•the second for the theatre, the exhibition hall, the foundation offices, etc,
•the third is an open-air amphitheatre for the city.
They have been arranged to create a 125m long pathway leading diagonally across the site, towards the open seas. This pathway is ramped up at a gentle slope of 1:20, so as you ascend, you see only sky ahead of you. At the end of the ramp are two stone monoliths, straight from the quarry. When you reach the highest point, you begin to see a large body of water, which seemingly connects (i.e. without any visual break) to the ocean beyond. In the centre of this water body, just below the surface of the water, is an oval shaped object—made of stainless steel and slightly convex, so that it reflects the blue sky and passing clouds above.
Beyond its scientific importance, the centre’s design has also caught the attention of architects around the world. The bid to design the site was won by Indian architect Charles Correa, who also designed the Brain and Cognitive Sciences Complex at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). The centre features a large interior rainforest connecting clinics and laboratories, chemotherapy suites with gardens, and many areas open for public use, including exhibition halls, an outdoor amphitheatre and landscaped walking areas. It is hoped that the location of the centre in the heart of Lisbon, as well as the openness of the site to the public, will encourage awareness of the centre and the Champalimaud Foundation, as well as the health and medical issues that their work is aiming to address.
ESA astronaut Matthias Maurer demonstrates the DLR-EAC Retinal Diagnostics project. He posted these images to his social media on 4 April 2022 with the caption:
A good looking project 😉 This German Aerospace Center, DLR-EAC Retinal Diagnostics project helps examine astronaut eyes on the International Space Station. With the help of an ophthalmic lens, which we attach to the camera of our tablets, and ESA - European Space Agency's ECOS operations support team on the ground we take and send images of our retina for analysis by experts 👀 These images are used to detect visual disorders that are common in space and to train an Artifical Intelligence (AI) model for future diagnosis. However, because this app is so compact and easy-to-use, it can also help in performing remote examinations and ensuring eye health in hard-to-reach places on Earth. www.esa.int/About_Us/EAC/Artificial_intelligence_for_eye_...
Credit: NASA/ESA-M.Maurer
ID: iss066e161310
ESA astronaut Matthias Maurer demonstrates the DLR-EAC Retinal Diagnostics project. He posted these images to his social media on 4 April 2022 with the caption:
A good looking project 😉 This German Aerospace Center, DLR-EAC Retinal Diagnostics project helps examine astronaut eyes on the International Space Station. With the help of an ophthalmic lens, which we attach to the camera of our tablets, and ESA - European Space Agency's ECOS operations support team on the ground we take and send images of our retina for analysis by experts 👀 These images are used to detect visual disorders that are common in space and to train an Artifical Intelligence (AI) model for future diagnosis. However, because this app is so compact and easy-to-use, it can also help in performing remote examinations and ensuring eye health in hard-to-reach places on Earth. www.esa.int/About_Us/EAC/Artificial_intelligence_for_eye_...
Credit: NASA/ESA-M.Maurer
ID: iss066e161303
ESA astronaut Matthias Maurer demonstrates the DLR-EAC Retinal Diagnostics project. He posted these images to his social media on 4 April 2022 with the caption:
A good looking project 😉 This German Aerospace Center, DLR-EAC Retinal Diagnostics project helps examine astronaut eyes on the International Space Station. With the help of an ophthalmic lens, which we attach to the camera of our tablets, and ESA - European Space Agency's ECOS operations support team on the ground we take and send images of our retina for analysis by experts 👀 These images are used to detect visual disorders that are common in space and to train an Artifical Intelligence (AI) model for future diagnosis. However, because this app is so compact and easy-to-use, it can also help in performing remote examinations and ensuring eye health in hard-to-reach places on Earth. www.esa.int/About_Us/EAC/Artificial_intelligence_for_eye_...
Credit: NASA/ESA-M.Maurer
ID: iss066e161307
Diagnostic Pacific Gull, Larus pacificus, 50 - 67 cm / 19.68 - 26.37 in. ENDEMIC. What a bill, even from a distance! Coastal, nearby rubbish dumps.
Cheyne Beach near Albany, Western Australia.
©bryanjsmith.
Diagnostic Plumbeous Kite, Ictinia plumbea, 34.5 - 37 cm./ 13.5 - 14.5 in. Widespread and conspicuous in and above canopy of humid forest and woodland in lowlands and foothills.
Umbrellabird Lodge, Buenaventura Reserve, El Oro Province, Ecuador.
©bryanjsmith.
Senior Airman Jamie Young looks through the diagnostics of a C-130J Hercules to ensure it is working properly Dec. 18, 2013, at Sigonella Naval Air Station, Italy. Airmen of the 37th Airlift Squadron, assigned to Ramstein Air Base, Germany, delivered much-needed supplies and personnel to Central African Republic, Africa, in order to help stabilize the region after recent conflicts. Young is a 86th Aircraft Maintenance Squadron crew chief. (U.S. Air Force photo by Senior Airman Damon Kasberg)
Leroy Chiao, Expedition 10 commander, performs an Advanced Diagnostic Ultrasound in Microgravity scan on the eye of Flight Engineer Salizhan Sharipov. The American College of Surgeons uses ultrasound-training methods developed for spaceflight to teach ultrasound to surgeons. These methods are adapted for diagnosis of injuries and illnesses in remote locations on Earth, including rural areas, disaster areas and the battlefield.
Image credit: NASA
More about space station research:
www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/research/index.html
View more photos like this in the "Space Station Research Affects Lives" Flickr photoset:
www.flickr.com/photos/nasamarshall/sets/72157634178107799/
_____________________________________________
These official NASA photographs are being made available for publication by news organizations and/or for personal use printing by the subject(s) of the photographs. The photographs may not be used in materials, advertisements, products, or promotions that in any way suggest approval or endorsement by NASA. All Images used must be credited. For information on usage rights please visit: www.nasa.gov/audience/formedia/features/MP_Photo_Guidelin...
Remote diagnostics through Kenworth TruckTech+ is showing Dart Transit managers trends, and frequency of occurrences, so they can share that data with drivers. Before implementing TruckTech+, managers say they didn’t realize that some Dart Transit drivers didn’t know the procedure for a parked re-gen. Now the drivers do know.
Diagnostic Yellow-chinned Spinetail, Curutie, Certhiaxis cinnamomemeus russeolus, 15 cm / 5.9 in. Wetlands, marshes, mangrove and other semi-open habitats near water.
Itirapina, Sao Paulo State, Brazil.
©bryanjsmith.
A B61-12 model goes through a vibration test to analyze structural integrity. Placing the diagnostics are Daniel Rohe, Patrick Hunter and Maxine Norton.
See the complete “A day in the life of Sandia — 70 years and counting” photo essay at bit.ly/2WxBcF0
Photo by Randy Montoya
The remote diagnostics Kenworth TruckTech+ provides truckload carrier Don Hummer Trucking greater visibility into its truck operations. Mike McDonald, director of fleet maintenance for Hummer Trucking, says with hours of service rules, it’s important to understand what a dash light means. Hummer put 75 Kenworth T680s with the PACCAR MX-13 engine and Kenworth TruckTech+ into service in 2016.
Exposed on the territory of the Russian Railways Museum in St Petersburg during biannual International railway fair "1520 "PRO//Motion.Expo"
type 18-9855 BARBER S-2-R see: www.flickr.com/photos/cetus13/48617715827/in/album-721577...
20/01/2022. Taunton, United Kingdom. Prime Minister Boris Johnson visits Rutherford Diagnostic Centre. Rutherford Diagnostic. The Prime Minister Boris Johnsons visits Rutherford Diagnostic Centre in Taunton. Picture by Andrew Parsons / No 10 Downing Street
Diagnostic Ochre-flanked Tapaculo, Eugralla paradoxa, 14 - 15 cm / 5.5 - 6 in. Dense thickets, but also in dense brambles and gorse, largely in stream side habitats. Difficult to photograph, shy bird. But you can see a little ochre on the flanks.
Chinquihue, SW of Puerto Montt, Los Lagos Region, Chile.
©bryanjsmith.
20/01/2022. Taunton, United Kingdom. Prime Minister Boris Johnson visits Rutherford Diagnostic Centre. Rutherford Diagnostic. The Prime Minister Boris Johnsons visits Rutherford Diagnostic Centre in Taunton. Picture by Andrew Parsons / No 10 Downing Street
Diagnostic Bronze-winged Jacana, Metopidius indicus, 28-31 cm. / 11-12 in Widespread resident in freshwater wetlands that are well vegetated with floating plant, spotted in a small roadside pool.
En-route to Kaziranga National Park, Assam Province, India.
©bryanjsmith.
Oxford Community Diagnostic Centre
The centre provides a range of elective (planned) diagnostic procedures, such as scans and tests, in the community setting.
Patients must have a referral from their consultant or GP.
The centre is run by Oxford University Hospitals, in partnership Perspectum, a private health technology company.
Diagnostic Female Andean Hillstar, Oreotrochilus estella, 13 - 14 cm. / 5 - 5.5 in. High-Andean hummingbird of the north in Puna ravines, as well as settlements and the Andean shrub zone.
Lluta Valley, Arica Y Parinacota Region, Chile.
©bryanjsmith.
This house is considered to date from at least the early to mid-C18. The presence of an eared bolection-style moulding to the S doorcase is a diagnostic feature of this period. Such features can range in date from the mid-C17 to the mid-C18 but are generally not found on buildings post-dating the latter.
Pelton is a village and electoral ward in County Durham, in England. The population of the village and ward taken at the 2011 census was 8,250. It is located about two miles to the northwest of Chester-le-Street. The village of West Pelton is located to the west; separated from it by a few villages between and closer to Stanley than to central Chester-le-Street. Pelton has a newly built community centre updated in 2012, one public house and a small range of convenience stores, including a CO OP, three general stores, a Post Office, chemist, doctors surgery, dentist, library, two parks and some take-away food outlets, and some hair salons. Local schools in the area include a primary school (Pelton Primary school). Pelton is served by public transport, with links to Stanley, Sunderland, Newcastle upon Tyne, Chester-le-Street and Consett with buses running up to every 30 minutes or so to 5 bus stops throughout the village. In local government they are governed by the Pelton Parish Council.
Most of the village sits within the River Tyne Catchment area, close to the tributary River Team which joins the Tyne in Dunston The remainder of the village sits within the River Wear catchment area, close to The Cong Burn, which joins the Wear in Chester-le-Street.
Notable people
Thomas Hepburn - English coal miner and trade union leader, born 1795 - died 1864.
Maxine Robinson – serial killer mother who confessed to her crimes in 2004
Alan White – drummer with Yes band, born 1949 - died 2022.
County Durham, officially simply Durham is a ceremonial county in North East England. The county borders Northumberland and Tyne and Wear to the north, the North Sea to the east, North Yorkshire to the south, and Cumbria to the west. The largest settlement is Darlington, and the county town is the city of Durham.
The county has an area of 2,721 km2 (1,051 sq mi) and a population of 866,846. The latter is concentrated in the east; the south-east is part of the Teesside built-up area, which extends into North Yorkshire. After Darlington (92,363), the largest settlements are Hartlepool (88,855), Stockton-on-Tees (82,729), and Durham (48,069). For local government purposes the county comprises three unitary authority areas—County Durham, Darlington, and Hartlepool—and part of a fourth, Stockton-on-Tees. The county historically included the part of Tyne and Wear south of the River Tyne, and excluded the part of County Durham south of the River Tees.
The west of the county contains part of the North Pennines uplands, a national landscape. The hills are the source of the rivers Tees and Wear, which flow east and form the valleys of Teesdale and Weardale respectively. The east of the county is flatter, and contains by rolling hills through which the two rivers meander; the Tees forms the boundary with North Yorkshire in its lower reaches, and the Wear exits the county near Chester-le-Street in the north-east. The county's coast is a site of special scientific interest characterised by tall limestone and dolomite cliffs.
What is now County Durham was on the border of Roman Britain, and contains survivals of this era at sites such as Binchester Roman Fort. In the Anglo-Saxon period the region was part of the Kingdom of Northumbria. In 995 the city of Durham was founded by monks seeking a place safe from Viking raids to house the relics of St Cuthbert. Durham Cathedral was rebuilt after the Norman Conquest, and together with Durham Castle is now a World Heritage Site. By the late Middle Ages the county was governed semi-independently by the bishops of Durham and was also a buffer zone between England and Scotland. County Durham became heavily industrialised in the nineteenth century, when many collieries opened on the Durham coalfield. The Stockton and Darlington Railway, the world's first public railway to use steam locomotives, opened in 1825. Most collieries closed during the last quarter of the twentieth century, but the county's coal mining heritage is remembered in the annual Durham Miners' Gala.
Remains of Prehistoric Durham include a number of Neolithic earthworks.
The Crawley Edge Cairns and Heathery Burn Cave are Bronze Age sites. Maiden Castle, Durham is an Iron Age site.
Brigantia, the land of the Brigantes, is said to have included what is now County Durham.
There are archaeological remains of Roman Durham. Dere Street and Cade's Road run through what is now County Durham. There were Roman forts at Concangis (Chester-le-Street), Lavatrae (Bowes), Longovicium (Lanchester), Piercebridge (Morbium), Vindomora (Ebchester) and Vinovium (Binchester). (The Roman fort at Arbeia (South Shields) is within the former boundaries of County Durham.) A Romanised farmstead has been excavated at Old Durham.
Remains of the Anglo-Saxon period include a number of sculpted stones and sundials, the Legs Cross, the Rey Cross and St Cuthbert's coffin.
Around AD 547, an Angle named Ida founded the kingdom of Bernicia after spotting the defensive potential of a large rock at Bamburgh, upon which many a fortification was thenceforth built. Ida was able to forge, hold and consolidate the kingdom; although the native British tried to take back their land, the Angles triumphed and the kingdom endured.
In AD 604, Ida's grandson Æthelfrith forcibly merged Bernicia (ruled from Bamburgh) and Deira (ruled from York, which was known as Eforwic at the time) to create the Kingdom of Northumbria. In time, the realm was expanded, primarily through warfare and conquest; at its height, the kingdom stretched from the River Humber (from which the kingdom drew its name) to the Forth. Eventually, factional fighting and the rejuvenated strength of neighbouring kingdoms, most notably Mercia, led to Northumbria's decline. The arrival of the Vikings hastened this decline, and the Scandinavian raiders eventually claimed the Deiran part of the kingdom in AD 867 (which became Jórvík). The land that would become County Durham now sat on the border with the Great Heathen Army, a border which today still (albeit with some adjustments over the years) forms the boundaries between Yorkshire and County Durham.
Despite their success south of the river Tees, the Vikings never fully conquered the Bernician part of Northumbria, despite the many raids they had carried out on the kingdom. However, Viking control over the Danelaw, the central belt of Anglo-Saxon territory, resulted in Northumbria becoming isolated from the rest of Anglo-Saxon Britain. Scots invasions in the north pushed the kingdom's northern boundary back to the River Tweed, and the kingdom found itself reduced to a dependent earldom, its boundaries very close to those of modern-day Northumberland and County Durham. The kingdom was annexed into England in AD 954.
In AD 995, St Cuthbert's community, who had been transporting Cuthbert's remains around, partly in an attempt to avoid them falling into the hands of Viking raiders, settled at Dunholm (Durham) on a site that was defensively favourable due to the horseshoe-like path of the River Wear. St Cuthbert's remains were placed in a shrine in the White Church, which was originally a wooden structure but was eventually fortified into a stone building.
Once the City of Durham had been founded, the Bishops of Durham gradually acquired the lands that would become County Durham. Bishop Aldhun began this process by procuring land in the Tees and Wear valleys, including Norton, Stockton, Escomb and Aucklandshire in 1018. In 1031, King Canute gave Staindrop to the Bishops. This territory continued to expand, and was eventually given the status of a liberty. Under the control of the Bishops of Durham, the land had various names: the "Liberty of Durham", "Liberty of St Cuthbert's Land" "the lands of St Cuthbert between Tyne and Tees" or "the Liberty of Haliwerfolc" (holy Wear folk).
The bishops' special jurisdiction rested on claims that King Ecgfrith of Northumbria had granted a substantial territory to St Cuthbert on his election to the see of Lindisfarne in 684. In about 883 a cathedral housing the saint's remains was established at Chester-le-Street and Guthfrith, King of York granted the community of St Cuthbert the area between the Tyne and the Wear, before the community reached its final destination in 995, in Durham.
Following the Norman invasion, the administrative machinery of government extended only slowly into northern England. Northumberland's first recorded Sheriff was Gilebert from 1076 until 1080 and a 12th-century record records Durham regarded as within the shire. However the bishops disputed the authority of the sheriff of Northumberland and his officials, despite the second sheriff for example being the reputed slayer of Malcolm Canmore, King of Scots. The crown regarded Durham as falling within Northumberland until the late thirteenth century.
Following the Battle of Hastings, William the Conqueror appointed Copsig as Earl of Northumbria, thereby bringing what would become County Durham under Copsig's control. Copsig was, just a few weeks later, killed in Newburn. Having already being previously offended by the appointment of a non-Northumbrian as Bishop of Durham in 1042, the people of the region became increasingly rebellious. In response, in January 1069, William despatched a large Norman army, under the command of Robert de Comines, to Durham City. The army, believed to consist of 700 cavalry (about one-third of the number of Norman knights who had participated in the Battle of Hastings), entered the city, whereupon they were attacked, and defeated, by a Northumbrian assault force. The Northumbrians wiped out the entire Norman army, including Comines, all except for one survivor, who was allowed to take the news of this defeat back.
Following the Norman slaughter at the hands of the Northumbrians, resistance to Norman rule spread throughout Northern England, including a similar uprising in York. William The Conqueror subsequently (and successfully) attempted to halt the northern rebellions by unleashing the notorious Harrying of the North (1069–1070). Because William's main focus during the harrying was on Yorkshire, County Durham was largely spared the Harrying.
Anglo-Norman Durham refers to the Anglo-Norman period, during which Durham Cathedral was built.
Matters regarding the bishopric of Durham came to a head in 1293 when the bishop and his steward failed to attend proceedings of quo warranto held by the justices of Northumberland. The bishop's case went before parliament, where he stated that Durham lay outside the bounds of any English shire and that "from time immemorial it had been widely known that the sheriff of Northumberland was not sheriff of Durham nor entered within that liberty as sheriff. . . nor made there proclamations or attachments". The arguments appear to have prevailed, as by the fourteenth century Durham was accepted as a liberty which received royal mandates direct. In effect it was a private shire, with the bishop appointing his own sheriff. The area eventually became known as the "County Palatine of Durham".
Sadberge was a liberty, sometimes referred to as a county, within Northumberland. In 1189 it was purchased for the see but continued with a separate sheriff, coroner and court of pleas. In the 14th century Sadberge was included in Stockton ward and was itself divided into two wards. The division into the four wards of Chester-le-Street, Darlington, Easington and Stockton existed in the 13th century, each ward having its own coroner and a three-weekly court corresponding to the hundred court. The diocese was divided into the archdeaconries of Durham and Northumberland. The former is mentioned in 1072, and in 1291 included the deaneries of Chester-le-Street, Auckland, Lanchester and Darlington.
The term palatinus is applied to the bishop in 1293, and from the 13th century onwards the bishops frequently claimed the same rights in their lands as the king enjoyed in his kingdom.
The historic boundaries of County Durham included a main body covering the catchment of the Pennines in the west, the River Tees in the south, the North Sea in the east and the Rivers Tyne and Derwent in the north. The county palatinate also had a number of liberties: the Bedlingtonshire, Islandshire and Norhamshire exclaves within Northumberland, and the Craikshire exclave within the North Riding of Yorkshire. In 1831 the county covered an area of 679,530 acres (2,750.0 km2) and had a population of 253,910. These exclaves were included as part of the county for parliamentary electoral purposes until 1832, and for judicial and local-government purposes until the coming into force of the Counties (Detached Parts) Act 1844, which merged most remaining exclaves with their surrounding county. The boundaries of the county proper remained in use for administrative and ceremonial purposes until the Local Government Act 1972.
Boldon Book (1183 or 1184) is a polyptichum for the Bishopric of Durham.
Until the 15th century, the most important administrative officer in the Palatinate was the steward. Other officers included the sheriff, the coroners, the Chamberlain and the chancellor. The palatine exchequer originated in the 12th century. The palatine assembly represented the whole county, and dealt chiefly with fiscal questions. The bishop's council, consisting of the clergy, the sheriff and the barons, regulated judicial affairs, and later produced the Chancery and the courts of Admiralty and Marshalsea.
The prior of Durham ranked first among the bishop's barons. He had his own court, and almost exclusive jurisdiction over his men. A UNESCO site describes the role of the Prince-Bishops in Durham, the "buffer state between England and Scotland":
From 1075, the Bishop of Durham became a Prince-Bishop, with the right to raise an army, mint his own coins, and levy taxes. As long as he remained loyal to the king of England, he could govern as a virtually autonomous ruler, reaping the revenue from his territory, but also remaining mindful of his role of protecting England’s northern frontier.
A report states that the Bishops also had the authority to appoint judges and barons and to offer pardons.
There were ten palatinate barons in the 12th century, most importantly the Hyltons of Hylton Castle, the Bulmers of Brancepeth, the Conyers of Sockburne, the Hansards of Evenwood, and the Lumleys of Lumley Castle. The Nevilles owned large estates in the county. John Neville, 3rd Baron Neville de Raby rebuilt Raby Castle, their principal seat, in 1377.
Edward I's quo warranto proceedings of 1293 showed twelve lords enjoying more or less extensive franchises under the bishop. The repeated efforts of the Crown to check the powers of the palatinate bishops culminated in 1536 in the Act of Resumption, which deprived the bishop of the power to pardon offences against the law or to appoint judicial officers. Moreover, indictments and legal processes were in future to run in the name of the king, and offences to be described as against the peace of the king, rather than that of the bishop. In 1596 restrictions were imposed on the powers of the chancery, and in 1646 the palatinate was formally abolished. It was revived, however, after the Restoration, and continued with much the same power until 5 July 1836, when the Durham (County Palatine) Act 1836 provided that the palatine jurisdiction should in future be vested in the Crown.
During the 15th-century Wars of the Roses, Henry VI passed through Durham. On the outbreak of the Great Rebellion in 1642 Durham inclined to support the cause of Parliament, and in 1640 the high sheriff of the palatinate guaranteed to supply the Scottish army with provisions during their stay in the county. In 1642 the Earl of Newcastle formed the western counties into an association for the King's service, but in 1644 the palatinate was again overrun by a Scottish army, and after the Battle of Marston Moor (2 July 1644) fell entirely into the hands of Parliament.
In 1614, a Bill was introduced in Parliament for securing representation to the county and city of Durham and the borough of Barnard Castle. The bishop strongly opposed the proposal as an infringement of his palatinate rights, and the county was first summoned to return members to Parliament in 1654. After the Restoration of 1660 the county and city returned two members each. In the wake of the Reform Act of 1832 the county returned two members for two divisions, and the boroughs of Gateshead, South Shields and Sunderland acquired representation. The bishops lost their secular powers in 1836. The boroughs of Darlington, Stockton and Hartlepool returned one member each from 1868 until the Redistribution of Seats Act 1885.
The Municipal Corporations Act 1835 reformed the municipal boroughs of Durham, Stockton on Tees and Sunderland. In 1875, Jarrow was incorporated as a municipal borough, as was West Hartlepool in 1887. At a county level, the Local Government Act 1888 reorganised local government throughout England and Wales. Most of the county came under control of the newly formed Durham County Council in an area known as an administrative county. Not included were the county boroughs of Gateshead, South Shields and Sunderland. However, for purposes other than local government, the administrative county of Durham and the county boroughs continued to form a single county to which the Crown appointed a Lord Lieutenant of Durham.
Over its existence, the administrative county lost territory, both to the existing county boroughs, and because two municipal boroughs became county boroughs: West Hartlepool in 1902 and Darlington in 1915. The county boundary with the North Riding of Yorkshire was adjusted in 1967: that part of the town of Barnard Castle historically in Yorkshire was added to County Durham, while the administrative county ceded the portion of the Borough of Stockton-on-Tees in Durham to the North Riding. In 1968, following the recommendation of the Local Government Commission, Billingham was transferred to the County Borough of Teesside, in the North Riding. In 1971, the population of the county—including all associated county boroughs (an area of 2,570 km2 (990 sq mi))—was 1,409,633, with a population outside the county boroughs of 814,396.
In 1974, the Local Government Act 1972 abolished the administrative county and the county boroughs, reconstituting County Durham as a non-metropolitan county. The reconstituted County Durham lost territory to the north-east (around Gateshead, South Shields and Sunderland) to Tyne and Wear and to the south-east (around Hartlepool) to Cleveland. At the same time it gained the former area of Startforth Rural District from the North Riding of Yorkshire. The area of the Lord Lieutenancy of Durham was also adjusted by the Act to coincide with the non-metropolitan county (which occupied 3,019 km2 (1,166 sq mi) in 1981).
In 1996, as part of 1990s UK local government reform by Lieutenancies Act 1997, Cleveland was abolished. Its districts were reconstituted as unitary authorities. Hartlepool and Stockton-on-Tees (north Tees) were returned to the county for the purposes of Lord Lieutenancy. Darlington also became a third unitary authority of the county. The Royal Mail abandoned the use of postal counties altogether, permitted but not mandatory being at a writer wishes.
As part of the 2009 structural changes to local government in England initiated by the Department for Communities and Local Government, the seven district councils within the County Council area were abolished. The County Council assumed their functions and became the fourth unitary authority. Changes came into effect on 1 April 2009.
On 15 April 2014, North East Combined Authority was established under the Local Democracy, Economic Development and Construction Act 2009 with powers over economic development and regeneration. In November 2018, Newcastle City Council, North Tyneside Borough Council, and Northumberland County Council left the authority. These later formed the North of Tyne Combined Authority.
In May 2021, four parish councils of the villages of Elwick, Hart, Dalton Piercy and Greatham all issued individual votes of no confidence in Hartlepool Borough Council, and expressed their desire to join the County Durham district.
In October 2021, County Durham was shortlisted for the UK City of Culture 2025. In May 2022, it lost to Bradford.
Eighteenth century Durham saw the appearance of dissent in the county and the Durham Ox. The county did not assist the Jacobite Rebellion of 1715. The Statue of Neptune in the City of Durham was erected in 1729.
A number of disasters happened in Nineteenth century Durham. The Felling mine disasters happened in 1812, 1813, 1821 and 1847. The Philadelphia train accident happened in 1815. In 1854, there was a great fire in Gateshead. One of the West Stanley Pit disasters happened in 1882. The Victoria Hall disaster happened in 1883.
One of the West Stanley Pit disasters happened in 1909. The Darlington rail crash happened in 1928. The Battle of Stockton happened in 1933. The Browney rail crash happened in 1946.
The First Treaty of Durham was made at Durham in 1136. The Second Treaty of Durham was made at Durham in 1139.
The county regiment was the Durham Light Infantry, which replaced, in particular, the 68th (Durham) Regiment of Foot (Light Infantry) and the Militia and Volunteers of County Durham.
RAF Greatham, RAF Middleton St George and RAF Usworth were located in County Durham.
David I, the King of Scotland, invaded the county in 1136, and ravaged much of the county 1138. In 17 October 1346, the Battle of Neville's Cross was fought at Neville's Cross, near the city of Durham. On 16 December 1914, during the First World War, there was a raid on Hartlepool by the Imperial German Navy.
Chroniclers connected with Durham include the Bede, Symeon of Durham, Geoffrey of Coldingham and Robert de Graystanes.
County Durham has long been associated with coal mining, from medieval times up to the late 20th century. The Durham Coalfield covered a large area of the county, from Bishop Auckland, to Consett, to the River Tyne and below the North Sea, thereby providing a significant expanse of territory from which this rich mineral resource could be extracted.
King Stephen possessed a mine in Durham, which he granted to Bishop Pudsey, and in the same century colliers are mentioned at Coundon, Bishopwearmouth and Sedgefield. Cockfield Fell was one of the earliest Landsale collieries in Durham. Edward III issued an order allowing coal dug at Newcastle to be taken across the Tyne, and Richard II granted to the inhabitants of Durham licence to export the produce of the mines, without paying dues to the corporation of Newcastle. The majority was transported from the Port of Sunderland complex, which was constructed in the 1850s.
Among other early industries, lead-mining was carried on in the western part of the county, and mustard was extensively cultivated. Gateshead had a considerable tanning trade and shipbuilding was undertaken at Jarrow, and at Sunderland, which became the largest shipbuilding town in the world – constructing a third of Britain's tonnage.[citation needed]
The county's modern-era economic history was facilitated significantly by the growth of the mining industry during the nineteenth century. At the industry's height, in the early 20th century, over 170,000 coal miners were employed, and they mined 58,700,000 tons of coal in 1913 alone. As a result, a large number of colliery villages were built throughout the county as the industrial revolution gathered pace.
The railway industry was also a major employer during the industrial revolution, with railways being built throughout the county, such as The Tanfield Railway, The Clarence Railway and The Stockton and Darlington Railway. The growth of this industry occurred alongside the coal industry, as the railways provided a fast, efficient means to move coal from the mines to the ports and provided the fuel for the locomotives. The great railway pioneers Timothy Hackworth, Edward Pease, George Stephenson and Robert Stephenson were all actively involved with developing the railways in tandem with County Durham's coal mining industry. Shildon and Darlington became thriving 'railway towns' and experienced significant growths in population and prosperity; before the railways, just over 100 people lived in Shildon but, by the 1890s, the town was home to around 8,000 people, with Shildon Shops employing almost 3000 people at its height.
However, by the 1930s, the coal mining industry began to diminish and, by the mid-twentieth century, the pits were closing at an increasing rate. In 1951, the Durham County Development Plan highlighted a number of colliery villages, such as Blackhouse, as 'Category D' settlements, in which future development would be prohibited, property would be acquired and demolished, and the population moved to new housing, such as that being built in Newton Aycliffe. Likewise, the railway industry also began to decline, and was significantly brought to a fraction of its former self by the Beeching cuts in the 1960s. Darlington Works closed in 1966 and Shildon Shops followed suit in 1984. The county's last deep mines, at Easington, Vane Tempest, Wearmouth and Westoe, closed in 1993.
Postal Rates from 1801 were charged depending on the distance from London. Durham was allocated the code 263 the approximate mileage from London. From about 1811, a datestamp appeared on letters showing the date the letter was posted. In 1844 a new system was introduced and Durham was allocated the code 267. This system was replaced in 1840 when the first postage stamps were introduced.
According to the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition (1911): "To the Anglo-Saxon period are to be referred portions of the churches of Monk Wearmouth (Sunderland), Jarrow, Escomb near Bishop Auckland, and numerous sculptured crosses, two of which are in situ at Aycliffe. . . . The Decorated and Perpendicular periods are very scantily represented, on account, as is supposed, of the incessant wars between England and Scotland in the 14th and 15th centuries. The principal monastic remains, besides those surrounding Durham cathedral, are those of its subordinate house or "cell," Finchale Priory, beautifully situated by the Wear. The most interesting castles are those of Durham, Raby, Brancepeth and Barnard. There are ruins of castelets or peel-towers at Dalden, Ludworth and Langley Dale. The hospitals of Sherburn, Greatham and Kepyer, founded by early bishops of Durham, retain but few ancient features."
The best remains of the Norman period include Durham Cathedral and Durham Castle, and several parish churches, such as St Laurence Church in Pittington. The Early English period has left the eastern portion of the cathedral, the churches of Darlington, Hartlepool, and St Andrew, Auckland, Sedgefield, and portions of a few other churches.
'Durham Castle and Cathedral' is a designated UNESCO World Heritage Site. Elsewhere in the County there is Auckland Castle.
Not a clue as to what these are. It appears to be a collection of some sort of comms/signal measuring diagnostic boards, made by AEG. They're marked "Lok. Overdrager", "Type IV/82".
I volunteered to help out the people of Alarmfase 026 (Stichting NCO Arnhem & Nationaal Noodnet) moving in some new historical artifacts for display and some spare parts salvaged from other bunkers. I couldn't resist taking some pictures as well.
The museum is located in the former PTT (PTT, Nederlands) NCO Arnhem communications atomic bunker, built under the "De Leuke Linde" playground during the Cold War (Koude Oorlog). After the Cold War ended, it was used as a high-secure relay station for the Nationaal Noodnet emergency communications network.
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L’Appel des Solidarités a été lancé à l’initiative de plus de 80 associations œuvrant contre la pauvreté et les conditions de vie indignes, pour la protection de la planète, pour la solidarité internationale, pour la défense des libertés et des droits humains, pour le droit des femmes, pour la jeunesse, pour une démocratie pour et par tous.
L’appel des Solidarités
À celles et ceux qui ont l’impression que quelque chose ne tourne pas rond. À celles et ceux qui ne se sentent pas bien représenté.e.s, ni écouté.e.s. À celles et ceux qui vivent une réalité en décalage avec celle qu’on voit sur les écrans.
À celles et ceux qui continuent de s’entraider là où on nous dit qu’il faudrait se replier. A lutter contre la discrimination, l’exclusion. A protéger la nature que d’autres veulent détruire, surexploiter ou épuiser.
À celles et ceux qui sont parfois envahi.e.s par un sentiment d’impuissance ou de désarroi. À celles et ceux qui se croient seul.e.s à penser comme ça.
À celles et ceux qui ne s’empêchent pas de rêver que, peut être, il n’est pas trop tard pour changer de cap. Et que ça, c’est déjà commencer à changer le monde.
À celles et ceux qui considèrent que notre destin est ce que nous avons en commun. Que la solidarité, c’est résister ; et construire l’avenir. Que ensemble, nous formons une force immense que rien ne peut arrêter.
À celles et ceux là, nous adressons l’Appel des Solidarités. L’Appel à se rassembler, se compter, pour que les 5 caps des Solidarités guident toute action et toute décision politique dans le prochain quinquennat.
Nous avons un énorme pouvoir, faisons-le savoir !
1 Solidarité de toutes et tous avec toutes et tous : luttons contre les inégalités sous toutes leurs formes, contre la fraude et l’évasion fiscale et contre l’impunité des banques, des politiques, des multinationales.
2 Solidarité avec la nature et les générations futures : luttons pour protéger le climat, les sols, les océans, la biodiversité et les animaux. Luttons pour une énergie renouvelable et une économie où rien ne se perd, tout se transforme.
3 Solidarité avec les personnes en difficulté, exclues, discriminées : luttons pour garantir le logement, l’emploi, l’accès aux soins, à l’éducation, aux revenus. Défendons nos droits fondamentaux, luttons contre les préjugés qui occultent notre humanité.
4 Solidarité avec les sans-voix : luttons pour que chacun et chacune puisse faire entendre sa voix dans chaque territoire et dans chaque quartier, en toutes circonstances et à poids égal.
5 Solidarité avec tous les peuples : luttons pour une solidarité sans frontières, pour la coopération entre les pays et les continents, pour l’accueil de celles et ceux qui prennent la route, qui fuient la misère et la guerre.
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La solidarité n'est pas une option mais une condition à la paix. Soutenez l'appel que nous avons lancé avec plus de 80 ONG sur www.appel-des-solidarites.fr
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Les associations de l’Appel
Les jours heureux les-jours-heureux.fr
Abri www.abri-groupe.org
Action Aid / Peuple solidaire www.peuples-solidaires.org
Action contre la Faim www.actioncontrelafaim.org
Action Non-Violente COP21 anv-cop21.org
Action Santé Mondiale Action Santé Mondiale www.coordinationsud.org/membres/gha/
Association de la fondation étudiante pour la ville afev.org
Alternatiba alternatiba.eu
Réseau d'associations étudiantes www.animafac.net
Apprentis Auteuil www.apprentis-auteuil.org
Association des paralysés de France www.apf.asso.fr
ATD - Quart Monde www.atd-quartmonde.fr
ATTAC france.attac.org
France Avocats sans frontières France avocatssansfrontieres-france.org
Batik International batik-international.org
Bizi bizimugi.eu
Care www.carefrance.org
Le Carillon www.lecarillon.org
Terre Solidaire ccfd-terresolidaire.org
LGBT - Fédération LGBT Lesbiennes, Gays, Bi et Trans de France centrelgbtparis.org
La CIMADE www.lacimade.org
CIWF France www.ciwf.fr
CLER - Réseau pour la Transition énergétique cler.org
Climates www.studentclimates.org
Coalition eau www.coalition-eau.org
Cœur de Foret www.coeurdeforet.com
Colibri www.colibris-lemouvement.org
Collectif animal Politique www.animalpolitique.com
Asso contact www.asso-contact.org
Coordination Sud www.coordinationsud.org
CRID – Centre de recherche et d’information pour le développement www.crid.asso.fr
Des éléphants et des hommes www.deselephantsetdeshommes.org
Délégation catholique pour la coopération ladcc.org
Démocratie ouverte democratieouverte.org
Ecolo Crèche www.ecolo-creche.fr
Ecoscience Provence www.ecoscienceprovence.com
Emmaus France emmaus-france.org
Energie Partagée energie-partagee.org
Etudiants et développement www.etudiantsetdeveloppement.org
Fermes d’avenir fermesdavenir.org
Filière Paysanne filiere-paysanne.blogspot.fr
Fondation Abbe Pierre www.fondation-abbe-pierre.fr
Fondation Nicolas Hulot www.fondation-nicolas-hulot.org
Fondation Good Planet www.goodplanet.org
Forum des Organisations de Solidarité Internationale issues des Migrations www.forim.net
France Libertés www.france-libertes.org
France Nature et Environnement www.fne.asso.fr
France Terre d’Asile www.appel-des-solidarites.fr/le-collectif/
Fédération des acteurs de la Solidarité www.federationsolidarite.org
Fédération française Les Amis de la nature www.amis-nature.org
GERES - Le Groupe énergies renouvelables, environnement et solidarités www.geres.eu/fr/
Graine - Pour l’éducation à l’environnement vers un développement durable www.graine-rhone-alpes.org
Greenpeace France www.greenpeace.fr
GRET – Professionnels du développement Solidaire www.gret.org
Générations Cobayes www.generationscobayes.org
Générations Futures www.generations-futures.fr
Habitat et Humanisme www.habitat-humanisme.org
HESPUL - Energies renouvelables et efficacité énergétique www.hespul.org
HumaniTerra - Les chirurgiens du Monde www.humani-terra.org/fr
Humanité et Biodiversité www.humanite-biodiversite.fr
L’Auberge des Migrants www.laubergedesmigrants.fr/fr/accueil/
La main Tendu www.abri-groupe.org/la-main-tendu.html
Comité Français pour la Solidarité Internationale www.cfsi.asso.fr
Le mouvement associatif lemouvementassociatif.org
Les Amis d'Enercoop www.lesamisdenercoop.org
Les Amis de la Terre www.amisdelaterre.org
Les Petits Debrouillards www.lespetitsdebrouillards.org
Les petits frères des Pauvres www.petitsfreresdespauvres.fr
LDH - Ligue des droits de l'Homme www.ldh-france.org
Ligue de l'enseignement www.laligue.org
LPO - Ligue pour la Protection des Oiseaux www.lpo.fr
Lire pour en sortir www.lirepourensortir.org
La Fédération Nationale des Maisons des Potes www.maisondespotes.fr
Mon jardin en Permaculture www.monjardinenpermaculture.fr
Mountain Riders - Développement durable en montagne www.mountain-riders.org
Mouvement Utopia mouvementutopia.org/site/
Médecins du Monde www.medecinsdumonde.org/fr
OMPE - Organisation Mondiale pour la Protection de l'Environnement www.ompe.org
ONE www.one.org/fr/
OpéRett www.operett.net
Osez le Féminisme osezlefeminisme.fr
Oxfam France | Le pouvoir citoyen contre la pauvreté www.oxfamfrance.org
Pas Sans Nous www.passansnous.org
Phyto-Victimes - L’aide aux professionnels victimes des pesticides www.phyto-victimes.fr
Place to Be www.placetob.org
Pouvoir citoyen en Marche eg-pouvoir-citoyen.org
CERAS www.ceras-projet.org
Réseau Français des Etudiants pour le Développement Durable refedd.org
Réseau Action Climat www.rac-f.org
Réseau CIVAM www.civam.org
Réseau Cohérence coherencereseau.fr
Santé Sud www.santesud.org
Secours Catholique www.secours-catholique.org
Secours Islamique de France www.secours-islamique.org
Société de Saint-Vincent de Paul www.ssvp.fr
La SPA www.la-spa.fr
Solidarité Laïque www.solidarite-laique.org
Solidarité Sida www.solidarite-sida.org
SOS Méditerranée www.sosmediterranee.fr
SOS Racisme sos-racisme.org
SOS Villages d’enfants www.sosve.org
Souffleurs D’écumes www.souffleursdecume.com
Surfrider Foundation Europe www.surfrider.eu
Terre de Liens www.terredeliens.org
Terre des Hommes France terredeshommes.fr
UNCPIE www.cpie.fr
UTOPIA56 www.utopia56.com/fr
WECF www.wecf.eu/
WWF France www.wwf.fr
Zero Waste France www.zerowastefrance.org/fr
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Nicolas Hulot invité de Patrick Cohen et Nicolas Demorand - 23/03/2017
Nicolas Hulot : "La solidarité ne doit pas être une option, mais une condition à la paix sociale"
www.franceinter.fr/emissions/l-invite-de-8h20/l-invite-de...
L'appel des solidarités en direct et en public du studio 104
Spécial 18/20 présenté par Nicolas Demorand avec : Nicolas Hulot, Président de la Fondation Hulot et Thierry Kuhn, Président d’Emmaüs France qui portent l’Appel des solidarités ainsi que Pascal Canfin, Directeur général de WWF France, Geneviève Jacques, Présidente de la Cimade, Claire Hédon, Présidente d’ATD Quart-Monde, Christophe Robert, Délégué général de la Fondation Abbé Pierre, Marie Alibert, Porte-parole d’ Osez le Féminisme !, Françoise Sivignon, Présidente de Médecins du Monde,Florent Gueguen, Directeur de la FNARS (Fédération nationale des associations d'accueil et de réinsertion sociale).
www.franceinter.fr/emissions/le-telephone-sonne/le-teleph...
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C Politique invité de Bruce Toussaint - 26/03/2017
www.youtube.com/watch?v=c4tC8WsqSjE
C Politique invité de Karim Rissouli - 26/03/2017
www.youtube.com/watch?v=ccnVMal3AOk
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Nicolas Hulot 29/03/2017 / TELEREMA
www.telerama.fr/monde/en-direct-nicolas-hulot-repond-a-vo...
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OSONS
Plaidoyer d'un homme libre
« Les sommets sur le climat se succèdent, nous croulons sous l'avalanche de rapports plus alarmants les uns que les autres. Et l'on se rassure avec une multitude de déclarations d'intention et de bonnes résolutions. Si la prise de conscience progresse, sa traduction concrète reste dérisoire. L'humanité doit se ressaisir, sortir de son indifférence et faire naître un monde qui prend enfin soin de lui. »
Nicolas Hulot, Président de la Fondation Nicolas Hulot pour la Nature et l'Homme
Ce manifeste écrit par Nicolas Hulot est un cri du coeur, un plaidoyer pour l'action, un ultime appel à la mobilisation et un coup de poing sur la table des négociations climat avant le grand rendez-vous de la COP21. Il engage chacun à apporter sa contribution dans l'écriture d'un nouveau chapitre de l'aventure humaine, à nous changer nous mêmes et par ce biais à changer le monde.
Diagnostic implacable, constat lucide mais surtout propositions concrètes pour les responsables politiques et pistes d'action accessibles pour chacun d'entre nous, cet ouvrage est l'aboutissement de son engagement et de sa vision en toute liberté des solutions à « prescrire » avant et après la COP21. L'urgence est à l'action. En 12 propositions concrètes, Nicolas Hulot dresse, avec sa Fondation, une feuille de route alternative pour les États et suggère 10 engagements individuels pour que chacun puisse également faire bouger les lignes à son niveau.
Depuis 40 ans, Nicolas Hulot parcourt la planète. Témoin de sa lente destruction, il a décidé de devenir un des acteurs de sa reconstruction. Au côté de sa Fondation pour la Nature et l'Homme ou en parlant aux oreilles des décideurs, il contribue à faire évoluer les mentalités.
Broché - 96 pages - format : 12 x 19 cm.
Editions LLL Les liens qui libèrent.
boutique-solidaire.com/…/produits-…/26414-osons-.html
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Fondation Nicolas Hulot : www.fondation-nicolas-hulot.org/
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Photographie de Sébastien Duhamel, professionnel de l’image www.sebastien-duhamel.com/présentation-références/
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U.S Army Medical Research Unit – Kenya: Improving malaria diagnosis, one lab at a time
By Rick Scavetta, U.S. Army Africa
OYUGIS, Kenya – Inside Rachuonyo district hospital, Simba Mobagi peers through his laboratory’s only microscope at a sick woman’s blood sample.
The 33-year-old laboratory technologist’s goal – rapidly identifying malaria parasites.
Dozens more samples await his eyes. Each represents a patient suffering outside on wooden benches.
Mogabi takes little time to ponder his workload. He quickly finds malaria parasites, marks his finding on a pink patient record and moves to the next slide. Much to his surprise, a U.S. Army officer arrives, removes his black beret and sets down a large box.
Inside Maj. Eric Wagar’s box is a new microscope – a small gesture within U.S. Army Medical Research Unit-Kenya’s larger efforts to improve malaria diagnostics in Africa.
For more than 40 years, USAMRU-K – known locally as the Walter Reed Project – has studied diseases in East Africa through a partnership with the Kenya Medical Research Institute.
Wagar heads USAMRU-K’s Malaria Diagnostics and Control Center of Excellence in Kisumu, a unique establishment begun in 2004 that’s since trained more than 650 laboratory specialist to better their malaria microscopy skills.
“Working with the Walter Reed Project is so good for the community, as it benefits the patient,” Mobagi said, who is looking forward to attending the center’s malaria diagnostics course. “Plus, having a new microscope improves our work environment. Work will be easier and we will have better outcomes.”
Back in Kisumu, wall maps mark the center’s success, with hundreds of trained lab technicians from more than a dozen countries across the African continent. International students have come from Ireland, the U.S. and Thailand.
Many students are sponsored through U.S. government aid programs aimed at reducing disease in Africa or by nongovernmental organizations. Most of the center’s $450,000 annual budget comes from the U.S. President’s Malaria Initiative. Other funding is from the U.S. Defense Department, NGOs and pharmaceutical companies.
For students to practice malaria identification, five Kenyan lab workers work tirelessly to create a variety of blood specimens. Slides may show one or more of malaria’s several species – others are free of parasites. The majority of malaria cases are the falciparum species, but many people are co-infected with other species and it’s important for students to recognize that, Wagar said.
A recent review of the course’s effectiveness showed that microscopy students went back to labs lacking organization and equipment. In some cases, the training was not having the desired impact on local people facing malaria.
“At our course, lab students learn skills and habits that increase their ability to accurately detect malaria on blood slides. Yet, when they return to their local laboratories, they face the challenge of changing habits and procedures,” Wagar said. “Changing behavior is hard to do.”
In late- April, Wagar accompanied Jew Ochola, 28, the center’s daily operations manager to Oyugis, the district center of Rachuonyo that lies roughly 30 miles south of Kisumu in Kenya’s Nyanza province.
The visit marked the initial visit of the center’s supervision support project – monthly visits to six local district hospitals – to implement tools that increase efficient oversight of malaria diagnosis. The yearlong $300,000 initiative – funded by the President’s Malaria Initiative, a USAID sponsored program – is designed to help translate school learning into field practices, Ochola said.
“First I do an assessment of the hospital’s lab, what procedures they have, the number of people on staff and the equipment they use,” Ochola said. “By partnering with laboratory managers, we hope to increase standards and improve efficient and effective diagnosis.
The goal is to lessen the burden of malaria on the local people.”
To mark progress, lab staff must collect 20 slides each month that show properly handled blood samples. Monthly visits will mark performance improvement.
Through quality malaria diagnosis, USAMRU-K is part of a larger public health effort to reduce malaria’s impacts Kenyan’s lives. Illness means paying for treatment and less wages earned, creating an impact on the economy.
“By mitigating a public health burden, people should have more time to grow food and have money for things other than medical care,” Wagar said. “We can’t expect to see change right away, but hopefully things will be a little bit better every month.”
Working with the Djibouti-based Combined Joint Task Force Horn of Africa and other DoD agencies, the center recently offered microscopy courses through U.S. military partnership events in Ghana, Nigeria and Tanzania. The effort supports U.S. Africa Command’s strategic engagement goal of increasing capabilities and strengthening capacity with the militaries of African nations, Wagar said.
“To date, that includes eight Kenyans military lab techs, 17 from the Tanzania People’s Defense Force and 30 Nigerians,” Wagar said.
Accurate diagnosis is also a key factor for military readiness, Wagar said. For example, a Kenyan soldier stationed in Nairobi – where malaria is less prevalent – is susceptible to the disease if posted elsewhere in the country.
“Improving malaria diagnosis within African military laboratories sets conditions for healthier troops,” Wagar said. “When forces are healthy, they are more capable to support their government and regional security.”
To learn more about U.S. Army Africa visit our official website at www.usaraf.army.mil
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2007- Ford Mondeo lower series (Edge/Zetec) instrument panel dials on LED test in the diagnostic mode.
Some of the warning lights were flashing but you're unable to see this due to the limitations of still cellphone photography.
Rather less standard is the inclusion of Quest Diagnostics in the place where the consultation/vaccination room would normally be. These rooms were added to pretty much every Safeway pharmacy in the early 2010s (even U Village has one), but this use isn't exactly common (according to their website, there are a few dozen of them around the country).
I hadn't even heard of Quest Diagnostics before this -- apparently, they're a private medical lab, which is an industry I didn't even know existed (normally, doctors offices or hospitals do that sort of thing), and anyways, why are they in a grocery store?
Mr Mahi Muqit PhD FRCOphth is a Consultant Ophthalmologist, Cataract and Vitreoretinal Surgeon at the world famous Moorfields Eye Hospital in London. He runs a private practice at both Moorfields Private and at 119 Harley Street in London.
For More Information Visit: www.retinasurgeon.uk.com/