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Pied Flycatcher (M) - Ficedula hypoleuca
The European pied flycatcher (Ficedula hypoleuca) is a small passerine bird in the Old World flycatcher family. One of the four species of Western Palearctic black-and-white flycatchers, it hybridizes to a limited extent with the collared flycatcher. It breeds in most of Europe and western Asia.
It is migratory, wintering mainly in tropical Africa.
It usually builds its nests in holes on oak trees. This species practices polygyny, usually bigamy, with the male travelling large distances to acquire a second mate. The male will mate with the secondary female and then return to the primary female in order to help with aspects of child rearing, such as feeding.
The European pied flycatcher is mainly insectivorous, although its diet also includes other arthropods. This species commonly feeds on spiders, ants, bees and similar prey.
The European pied flycatcher predominately practices a mixed mating system of monogamy and polygyny. Their mating system has also been described as successive polygyny. Within the latter system, the males leave their home territory once their primary mates lays their first eggs. Males then create a second territory, presumably in order to attract a secondary female to breed. Even when they succeed at acquiring a second mate, the males typically return to the first female to exclusively provide for her and her offspring.
Males will sometimes care for both mates if the nests of the primary and secondary female are close together. The male may also care for both mates once the offspring of the primary female have fledged. The male bird usually does not exceed two mates, practicing bigamy. Only two cases of trigyny had been observed.
Population:
UK breeding:
17,000-20,000 pairs
Pseudosphinx is a monotypic moth genus in the family Sphingidae first described by Hermann Burmeister in 1856. Its only species, Pseudosphinx tetrio, was first described by Carl Linnaeus in 1771. Its common names include tetrio sphinx, giant gray sphinx, frangipani hornworm, and plumeria caterpillar. It is native to the tropical and subtropical Americas from the southern and southwestern United States to Brazil.
The larva is a caterpillar which may exceed 15 centimeters in length. It is black with aposematic yellow bands and a red-orange head. Toward the posterior end is an orange bump with a black horn roughly 2 centimeters long. The legs are orange with black spots.
The species has been known to damage and defoliate Plumeria. Each caterpillar can consume three large leaves per day, and it will continue eating into the branches if it finishes the available foliage. Even in the case of defoliation, the species does not generally kill plants. The caterpillars are large and conspicuous and can be controlled by plucking them from the tree. (Wikipedia)
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The caterpillars had just started on this frangipani tree. With at least six of them eating, they would have defoliated the tree within a week. Since we only saw them the one time, somebody must have removed them before the damage was done.
Oistins, Barbardos. January 2023.
💕words can't describe what it means that we have to let you go, my best friend my love we will meet us again behind the rainbow💕
"Though nothing, will keep us together
We could steal time, just for one day
We can be Heroes, for ever and ever
What'd you say?
I, I wish you could swim
Like the dolphins, like dolphins can swim
Though nothing
Nothing will keep us together
We can beat them, for ever and ever
Oh we can be Heroes, just for one day"
It is hard to describe the raw power of Mother Nature as a storm hits the coast of Nova Scotia, especially when it is Peggy’s Cove. I’ve made many images from my visits to this iconic lighthouse and village - no two are the same. This day was breathtaking. I hope you can “feel” what I felt that day: your face feels the bite of the bitter cold of the salt-laden spray from these waves. It is all you can do to stand up straight while being battered by the wind - it was exhilarating! I just prayed that one of these images would be in focus.
The lovely texture is thanks to Tito.
As always, thank you for your visit, all your kind comments, invitations and favorites. This image may not be copied or distributed without my written consent. © All rights reserved.
For some that phrase would describe their eyes after a late night of partying and ringing in the New Year. For me on this first morning of the 20s, it meant first-light reaching Towers of the Virgin in Zion National Park.
Being a native East-Coaster, who has transplanted to life on the West Coast, I still feel that the New Year occurs when the crystal ball drops in New York, and that's the end. So, with the aide of staid Springdale, Utah, it was easy to get an early bedtime on New Years Eve so we could begin the trek to the Canyon Overlook Trail at 6:00 AM to catch first-light and sunrise from this vantage.
The trail is a relatively flat mile hike with a few tricky spots where the ice and slickrock conspire to give even the most sure-footed concern in the dark. Once we reached the overlook, I was a little concerned that our cold trek may have been for naught, due to the heavy cloud cover. Though they were thick overhead, there still was some clearing to the East, along the sun on the horizon to light a narrow band, reflecting off the cloud bottoms and warming the sheer rocks faces of the Temple of the Virgin ahead. This image was captured about 10-15 minutes before the local sunrise time, and is considerably brighter than what we saw with our eyes, due to the 20-second exposure.
Once the actual sun rays reached the Temple directly, the light only lit the areas seen here in red for less than 5 minutes before disappearing above the clouds for the remainder of the day.
Recognition:
Merit, Nature/Landscape category - JAN 24 PPSDC Image Competition, San Diego
Selected for Display, Color Scenic Landscape: Winter - JUN-JUL 2023, International Exhibition of Photography, San Diego County Fair, Del Mar Racetrack and Fairgrounds, CA
Words couldn't possibly describe what happened on these fields in July, 1863. We can only try to remember those events and vow never to repeat them
The events of Pentecost are described in the second chapter of the Acts of the Apostles. After Jesus' ascension, the disciples gathered together with Mary, the mother of Jesus, in Jerusalem. Suddenly they heard a noise and flames appeared to them and descended on each one of them. This filled them with the Holy Spirit.
Maybe it even looked like that, maybe not...
Created with Midjourney Niji
Here is the prompt:
IMAGE: Circular object in a desert with a fire in front of mountains with a torch | GENRE: Biblical Drama | MOOD: Majestic, Mystical | COLOR: Warm and earthy tones with a hint of ethereal light | BACKGROUND: Vast desert with towering mountains in the distance | SCENE: A circular object placed in the desert, with a fire burning in front of the mountains and a torch illuminating the scene | DETAILS: Monumental figures surrounding the circular object, showcasing voluminous mass | RENDER: Grand and awe-inspiring | LIGHTING: Ethereal light casting a mystical glow | COMPOSITION: Harmonious and balanced | SHOT: Wide-angle shot capturing the magnitude of the scene | CAMERA: Aykut Aydogdu camera | LENS: Jeppe Hein lens | TAGS: Biblical drama, divine encounter, desert, fire, mountains, torch, monumental figures --ar 21:9 --niji 5 --s 750
Tinnenburg (also described as "Tynnenborch") is a fortified wall house built in the first city wall. Construction started around 1300, on the site of the first city wall. From this house, access to the city by water was monitored. On the other side of the water, also on the site of the first city wall, has stood a similar house, named "Rommelenburg". The two houses were connected by a kind of water gate. The start of the arch of that gate can still be seen on the side of Tinnenburg ("restored").
Simple, classy, unique, and so very beautiful ....all words that describe Nutmeg's new Bucolic Set...you can find it out now at Shiny Shabby. Pictured from the set:
Nutmeg. Bucolic Serving Bowl 1 (3 versions)
Nutmeg. Bucolic Console Table
Shiny Shabby: maps.secondlife.com/secondlife/Shiny%20Shabby/160/119/21
Nutmeg Mainstore: maps.secondlife.com/secondlife/REKA%20NUTMEG/233/125/21
Nutmeg Flickr: flic.kr/ps/Yr6Sn
Additional Nutmeg items found at the Getaway:
Nutmeg. Getaway Tricycle Gift
Nutmeg. Rustic Fence set
Nutmeg. Getaway Frames Gift
Nutmeg. Getaway Ladder Gift
The Getaway: maps.secondlife.com/secondlife/The%20Getaway/178/172/24
Nutmeg items found at mainstore: (LM above)
Nutmeg. Seashore Pitcher
Nutmeg. Seashore Large Bowl
Nutmeg. Seaside Calm Parasol
Nutmeg. Seaside Calm Bag
Additional items used:
+Half-Deer+ White and Black Baby Bird
ACORN Stone Artichoke -White
Garden- by anc dandelion
+Half-Deer+ Flower Confetti
.:revival:. dry weed
*CSF* Silver Grass {Bleach}
Thanks for your support and stay safe!! ❤️
"Can words describe the fragrance of the very breath of spring?"
~ Neltje Blanchan
It is raining now, but I took this crocus shot and other photos this morning. Then turned the wee blossom black and white and inverted the photo.
Spring might arrive despite my doubts.
Described in 1880 as 'a palace of the modern magician', Cragside House, Gardens and Woodland is a truly unique visitor attraction in the heart of Northumberland. Situated near Rothbury, it was the family home of Lord Armstrong, Victorian inventor and industrialist. Cragside was the first building in the world to be lit by hydroelectricity and a walk around the National Trust property reveals a wealth of ingenious gadgetry including fire alarm buttons, telephones, a passenger lift and a Turkish bath suite.
Sir Walter Scott once described Glen Lyon as the longest, loneliest and loveliest glen in Scotland, how true he was, as near to the hamlet of Camusvrachan within the glen, lies a cluster of old stone cottages at Balmenoch where you can venture up Gleinn Da-Eigg and eventually encounter one of the glens most striking rock formations, “Fionn’s Rock” or “The Praying hands of Mary” This was my autumnal excursion to see and photograph them for the first time, and I was amazed at the beauty of not only the stones themselves but the view they commanded looking right down Glen Lyon itself. Spectacular to say the least.
www.historicplaces.ca/en/rep-reg/place-lieu.aspx?id=10251
Canadian West Coast Winter
I truly appreciate your kind words and would like to thank-you all, for your overwhelming support.
Happy New Year Clicks........
~Christie (happiest) by the River
*Best experienced in full screen ❤
I enjoy all the individual perspectives on how photographers
view and shoot their images, and how, over time we all seem to adapt styles and make them our own.
I also, enjoy reading the ABOUT section on people's galleries, describing their love and interest of photography, all written uniquely in their 'own' chosen words. It's very interesting to see what makes the different artists 'click'.
~Strive to be different~
You were born an original, don't die a copy - John Mason
916 years as church ,481 years as mosque and 80 years as museum : There are no words to describe its beauty
916 anni come chiesa ,481 anni come moschea e 80 anni come museo : non ci sono parole per descrivere la sua bellezza !
Colloquially described as The Egg, is an opera house in Beijing, People's Republic of China. The Centre, an ellipsoid dome of titanium and glass is surrounded by an artificial lake.
As I said, this is THE EGG, browse my previous upload to see The Nest.
The Dark Blue Pansy is a Nymphalid butterfly native to Africa. They are also called "Blue Pansy" in southern Africa but in India "Blue Pansy" is used to describe Junonia orithya. To avoid confusion we'll stick to "Dark Blue Pansy".
Their wingspan range from 40 to 52mm.
Described as 'Worcestershire's Hidden Garden,' Bodenham Arboretum is home to some 3000 species of beautifully landscaped trees and shrubs.
The summer pasture system can be described as a form of small-scale farming, which means that the animals are taken on summer work to a summer pasture hut in the outback. The shack is only used during the summer period when there is plenty of grass and water. The shack culture has developed based on the conditions of nature and the landscape. This applies to knowledge about animals and nature, about forest grazing, buildings, food, stories, customs and usages, tools and music.
Each individual summer residence (often several gathered in one summer residence) consists of different smaller buildings, each of which has its own function. In addition to a residential house, there is also a cattle house for the animals, a house for the preparation of various dairy products, a house for storage of milk, cheese and butter, a woodshed and sometimes also stables, barns and shelters for storing feed and crops.
In the summer pasture, different products are prepared (butter and cheese as well as whey mesost and mess butter). The whey is boiled over an open fire and prepared for mass butter. After many hours of boiling, the milk sugar finally becomes saturated, which slowly cools down.
That's how Bill Bryson described this area in his book, "The Road to Little Dribbling" - a great read !
These fells may not be immense compared to many highland areas in our precious world, but they rise straight up - and if you've ever climbed a Lake District fell, you know it. Let me take you there now... this is from the banks of Derwentwater, my favourite view of the lake and fells surrounding it. The boats lie dormant, waiting for the chance to take another trip out. No fast boats here... it's so peaceful. Miss it a lot. Only a few hours' drive from home... it would be lovely to just GO there !
~ Edited in Topaz Studio ~
I hope you like my image. Thanks very much for every fave and comment... and just for looking and listening. I just love this music and this is my favourite version from Mark Knopfler.
Mark Knopfler - Going Home - live performance
All those of you who long to be somewhere else right now... this is for YOU. We are entitled to dream !
This image describes how my daughter see me when she is with me. She sees me as a very BIG and STRONG man - the strongest and biggest man, though I am not. Maybe, all the children in her age would think that way.
Birmingham UK
Nonlocality describes the apparent ability of objects to instantaneously know about each other's state, even when separated by large distances (potentially even billions of light years)
almost as if the universe at large instantaneously arranges its particles in anticipation of future events.
How to describe morning mist in forest? It is one of the best thing you can get for the forest photo. The colors drive themselves all over the place and every frame is perfect. What you can't see on the photo is the spirit of the place. The strange quiet and stillness. The weird smell. The different sound of your steps. Truly spooky!
Someone described Iceland as the land of the waterfalls, and nothing more can be true than that. There are so many amazingly beautiful falls every day to be seen that it is difficult to say which one is the most beautiful. This one, the fall of the Gods is stunning, but in fact comparing them for that reason is crap!
You probably have seen Godafoss numerous times, and i an not having the ambition to present something real new, but I tried to catch its beauty, and I am on the edge of my handheld skills here. Enjoy!
"Kuly describes the contemporary miko, "A far distant relative of her premodern shamanic sister, she is most probably a university student collecting a modest wage in this part-time position."
How to describe captured moment? Me personally escape to places like this to not have to think in words. Atomic bases of my brain speaks in some other medium when being surrounded by these...what?
Compared to the previous photo this is lower down the valley and spring is more advanced. The weather was also warmer with some light sun.
At this point the track is part of the Bewerley Industrial Heritage Circular Trail. The trail explores nearly a thousand years of lead mining history while also offering splendid views of the beautiful Nidderdale area.
This track also leads to what was Ivin Waite Farm which is now described as a fully-modernised farmhouse with panoramic views over Nidderdale, an area of Outstanding Natural Beauty.
On the horizon, over the end of the stone wall is Blazefield. Blazefield is situated nearby to a lime kiln, and close to Hollin Hill Wood
Described as the greatest railway journey in the world, this 84 mile round trip takes you past a list of impressive extremes. Starting near the highest mountain in Britain, Ben Nevis, it visits Britain's most westerly mainland railway station, Arisaig; passes close by the deepest freshwater loch in Britain, Loch Morar and the shortest river in Britain, River Morar, finally arriving next to the deepest seawater loch in Europe, Loch Nevis!
The train stops en route to Mallaig at the village of Glenfinnan (see below and subject to time permitting). Beyond Glenfinnan are the beautiful villages of Lochailort, Arisaig, Morar and Mallaig. You may alight at Arisaig by request to the guard. From here, on a clear summer's day, you can see the "Small Isles" of Rum, Eigg, Muck, Canna and the southern tip of Skye. The train continues on from here passing Morar and the silvery beaches used in the films "Highlander" and "Local Hero".
Also known as a Grizzly. This healthy boar was seen and admired in the Tetons with good friends Debbie Tubridy, Jen Hall and Rodney Lange.
"Meriwether Lewis and William Clark first described it as grisley, which could be interpreted as either "grizzly" (i.e., "grizzled"—that is, with golden and grey tips of the hair) or "grisly" ("fear-inspiring", now usually "gruesome"). The modern spelling supposes the former meaning; even so, naturalist George Ord formally classified it in 1815 as U. horribilis, not for its hair, but for its character.
Occasionally a huge male grizzly has been recorded, whose size greatly exceeds ordinary, with weights reported up to 680 kg (1,500 lb). A large coastal male of this size may stand up to 3 metres (9.8 ft) tall on its hind legs and be up to 1.5 metres (4.9 ft) at the shoulder.
A grizzly bear can also be identified by its rump, which is lower than its shoulders; a black bear's rump is higher than its shoulders. A grizzly bear's front claws measure about 2–4 inches in length; a black bear's claws measure about 1–2 inches in length." Wikipedia
Was a treat to safely enjoy the scavenging, digging and hunting for more food before his time to hibernate.
Have a wonderful weekend!
Ukiyo (浮世) describes the urban lifestyle of the Edo-period Japan (1600–1867). In its modern usage, the term ukiyo "The Floating World" refers more to a state of being: living in the moment, being detached from the bothers of life.
Happy Sunday everyone! ⛵
I know that this effect is describing something completely different. But when I'm looking at these windflowers I'm having the impression, that the blossoms are transforming into butterflies while they are withering. Off course this is absolutely nonsense, but for me it's still a nice thought.
Ja ich weiß, dieser Effekt beschreibt normalerweise etwas völlig anderes. Wenn ich mir diese Buschwindröschen so anschaue erwecken sie jedoch den Eindruck, als würden sich die Blüten während sie verblühen in einen Schmetterling verwandeln. Natürlich ist das absoluter Blödsinn, für mich jedoch trotzdem ein schöner Gedanke.
more of this on my website at: www.shoot-to-catch.de
I have described the scary descent down between the cliffs at Cape Woolamai to get to the bottom of the Pinnacles so will let you just imagine it here!
Worth the trek if you are careful and it isn't full of other photographers to stand in your way as there you are hemmed into a little cove without alot of room.
I believe dragons play down here.
www.flickr.com/photos/137349496@N06/26743151450/in/album-...
First described scientifically in his Flora Indica (1768) as Mesembryanthemum bellidiforme by the director of the Hortus, Nicolaas Laurens Burman (1734-1793), our pretty South-African flower went by a whole variety of other names as well. Although not everyone today agrees, its scientific name since 1979 has been Cleretum bellidiforme. 'Cleretum' means something like 'Pebble Lover' and that's certainly more descriptive that Livingstone Daisy. But perhaps you don't want your flower names to be descriptive...
Often described as 'the finest gypsy jazz in the Cotswolds', Swing From Paris are a UK quartet of violin, guitars and double bass. Influenced by Django Reinhardt and Stephane Grappelli, they present their own versions of music from across Europe and beyond. Expect stylist jazz and vintage swing.
The fungus was first described in 1772 by Italian naturalist Giovanni Antonio Scopoli, who named it Agaricus procerus. Rolf Singer transferred it to the genus Macrolepiota in 1948.
The height and cap diameter of a mature specimen may both reach 30 - 40 (50) cm. The stipe is relatively thin and reaches full height before the cap has expanded. The stipe is very fibrous in texture which renders it inedible (unless dried and ground). The surface is characteristically wrapped in a snakeskin-like pattern of scaly growths (therefore, known in some parts of Europe as the "snake's hat" or "snake's sponge"). The immature cap is compact and egg-shaped, with the cap margin around the stipe, sealing a chamber inside the cap. As it matures, the margin breaks off, leaving a fleshy, movable ring around the stipe. At full maturity, the cap is more or less flat, with a chocolate-brown umbo in the centre that is leathery to touch. Dark and cap-coloured flakes remain on the upper surface of the cap and can be removed easily. The gills are crowded, free, and white with a pale pink tinge sometimes present. The spore print is white. It has a pleasant nutty smell. When sliced, the white flesh may turn a pale pink.
These mining bees have been only recently described (Schmidt & Westrich 1993) as a distinct species. Until then, they were confused with another species of Colletes the morphologically very similar, but ecologically distinctive, Colletes halophilus.
The females of Colletes hederae are on average 13 millimetres (0.51 in) long, while the males are about 10 mm (0.39 in) long, significantly larger than the common colletes. The thorax of the adults is covered by dense orange-brown hair, while each abdominal segment has an apical orangey hair-band.
This species is very similar to the closely related heather colletes (Colletes succinctus) and even more to the sea aster mining bee (Colletes halophilus).
The adults emerge late in the year (the males from late August and the females a little later in early September) and remain on the wing until early November. The principal pollen forage plant is ivy (Hedera helix), (hence the specific epithet hederae), but both sexes will also nectar at ivy flowers too. When ivy is scarce, other species of plants are also visited. The females supply the larval brood cells almost exclusively with nectar and pollen of ivy flowers. When ivy flowering is delayed, females may also collect pollen at various members of the Daisy family (Asteraceae).
These are solitary bees and do not live in colonies and do not overwinter as adults. They nest in clay-sandy soils, especially in loess hills and soft-rock cliffs. Like many other solitary bees, they can often be found nesting in dense aggregations, sometimes numbering many tens of thousands of nests. In parts of the west European range of the species, Colletes hederae are frequently parasitized by the larvae of the meloid beetle Stenoria analis, which feed on the supply of nectar and pollen prepared by females bees in their nests.
Everett empties chug through the tunnels near Cook behind what can only be described as an "eclectic" set of motors. Holding the point is one of two B40-8s left operating on BNSF's roster at the time, followed by an SD40-2 and tri-clops SD60M. The afternoon heat of the Columbia River Gorge must have been getting to the lead motor on their way west over the Fallbridge.
H-ROOEVE1-06A
The cliffs of the Ponta da Piedade headland is one of the finest natural features of the Algarve. This dramatic limestone coastline is formed of sea pillars, fragile rock arches and hidden grottos, all of which have been chiseled-out by savage winter storms.
The beauty of the region is only [fully] discovered on descending the cliffs where the exposed cliffs reveal their golden colour and the turquoise sea waters lap precariously balanced rock formations. The headland can only be described as stunning.
At the headland there is a lighthouse left of which is the best section of the cliffs. Behind the small gift stalls is the staircase leading to the base of this beautiful cove. Google
Dryas iulia (often incorrectly spelled julia), commonly called the Julia butterfly, Julia heliconian, the flame, or flambeau, is a species of brush-footed (or nymphalid) butterfly. The sole representative of its genus Dryas, it is native from Brazil to southern Texas and Florida, and in summer can sometimes be found as far north as eastern Nebraska. Over 15 subspecies have been described. (Source: Wikipedia)
Photo taken in the Butterfly Pavilion at the Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History in Santa Barbara, California.
The Cornell Lab of Ornithology describes this bird so well: "The Tody Motmot is a charismatic, surreptitious little motmot of Central American lowland and hill forest. It is almost always easiest to detect by its song, a rising-falling and accelerating series of rising whistles. A whistled imitation of the song will often bring a singing bird out of the dense, shadowy vegetation along a stream and into the open. The Tody Motmot is named for its superficial resemblence to the todies of the Caribbean. It feeds on insects captured in aerial sallies, but there is little published information on its breeding behaviour."
This small motmot was seen in dense forest in Panama, Central America.
Thanks for your visit… Any comment you make on my photograph is greatly appreciated and encouraging! But please do not use this image without permission.
Camera obscura (plural camera obscura or camerae obscurae from Latin, meaning "dark room": camera "(vaulted) chamber or room," and obscura "darkened, dark"), also referred to as pinhole image, is the natural optical phenomenon that occurs when an image of a scene at the other side of a screen (or for instance a wall) is projected through a small hole in that screen, as a reversed and inverted image (left to right and upside down) on a surface opposite to the opening. The surroundings of the projected image have to be relatively dark for the image to be clear, so many historical camera obscura experiments were performed in dark rooms.
The term "camera obscura" also refers to constructions or devices that make use of the principle within a box, tent or room. Camerae obscurae with a lens in the opening have been used since the second half of the 16th century and became popular as an aid for drawing and painting. The camera obscura box was developed further into the photographic camera in the first half of the 19th century when camera obscura boxes were used to expose light-sensitive materials to the projected image.
The camera obscura was used as a means to study eclipses, without the risk of damaging the eyes by looking into the sun directly. As a drawing aid, the camera obscura allowed tracing the projected image to produce a highly accurate representation, especially appreciated as an easy way to achieve a proper graphical perspective.
A camera obscura device without a lens but with a very small hole is sometimes referred to as a "pinhole camera", although this more often refers to simple (home-made) lens-less cameras in which photographic film or photographic paper is used.
The earliest known written record of the camera obscura is to be found in Chinese writings called Mozi and dated to the 4th century BCE, traditionally ascribed to and named for Mozi (circa 470 BCE-circa 391 BCE), a Han Chinese philosopher and the founder of Mohist School of Logic. In these writings it is explained how the inverted image in a "collecting-point" or "treasure house" is inverted by an intersecting point (a pinhole) that collected the (rays of) light.
The Greek philosopher Aristotle (384-322 BCE), or possibly a follower of his ideas, touched upon the subject in the work Problems - Book XV, asking:
"Why is it that when the sun passes through quadri-laterals, as for instance in wickerwork, it does not produce a figure rectangular in shape but circular?”
and further on:
“Why is it that an eclipse of the sun, if one looks at it through a sieve or through leaves, such as a plane-tree or other broadleaved tree, or if one joins the fingers of one hand over the fingers of the other, the rays are crescent-shaped where they reach the earth? Is it for the same reason as that when light shines through a rectangular peep-hole, it appears circular in the form of a cone?"
Many philosophers and scientists of the Western world would ponder this question before it became accepted that the circular and crescent-shapes described in this "problem" were actually pinhole image projections of the sun. Although a projected image will have the shape of the aperture when the light source, aperture and projection plane are close together, the projected image will have the shape of the light source when they are further apart.
26-February-2023
Describing the Bora, an orographic wind, therefore local, katabatic, therefore falling from areas at higher altitudes, ALWAYS coming from E/NE towards W/SW, would require a degree thesis and in any case would never be complete.
I've been traveling around all these areas for the past 40 years, but I always discover something new, so I won't go into the specifics of the area, which has so many variables and unknowns (within a very few kilometres, there are areas where it doesn't blow, despite being similar and contiguous to those around, where instead it even prevents standing), but a brief general description.
The Bora (international term in Italian), called Bura in Croatian and Burja in Slovenian, is considered the strongest and most frequent local/orographic wind in the Mediterranean (once there were dozens of episodes like this every winter and as many in the other seasons combined), but in some episodes, close to 200km/h, is probably one of the strongest orographic winds in the world at SEA LEVEL. It can be compared, at least isobarically, to the winds that are generated along the Atlantic coast of Greenland, which "fall" from the frozen plateau to the ocean, when the strong Greenlandic thermal anticyclone is present, in the heart of the island.
The Bora generally activates when a mass of cold and stable air, coming from the EAST or NORTH/EAST, tends to press on the Dinaric Alps and the eastern Julian Alps, seeking an outlet towards the sea where, in the meantime, a depression is generated.
Within a few hours between the Dinaric watershed and the coast (generally around 6-15km in northern Croatia and 20-25km for Trieste) a strong isobaric gradient is created between the high pressure in the 'danubian hinterland and low on the Adriatic, to the point of having a difference of 15hpas in a few kilometers of thickness.
This generates the wind, but then it is the orography that makes it gusty, violent, irregular; this happens because the colder air is denser than that which rises from the sea and tends to be channeled into the Dinaric gates (the first is actually in the Julian Pre-Alps, Cividale area) which are (at least) 9 from north to south, but the main ones are certainly the "Triestina" one (from Postojna-Ravbarkomanda), the one Podkraj-Col-Vipava (Vipavska dolina) the one from Gornje Jelenje towards Grobnik (Rijeka racetrack), the one from the Lić-Fužine plain towards Bakarac-Kraljevica and Most Krk and the Senj one, from above Vratnik pass.
Channeling itself and physically rolling down the mountains/reliefs, the wind strengthens by friction, turbulence and depressurization, thus becoming the Bora.
When great Carolus Linnaeus described Doris Longwing in 1771 he refers to the painting engraved by François-Nicolas Martinet (1731-1790) in the magnificent Planches enluminées d'histoire naturelle edited by Edmé-Louis Daubenton (1730-1785) from 1765 onwards on the commission of that great French naturalist Georges-Louis Leclerc, Comte de Buffon (1707-1788). The book has more than a thousand plates of which 973 are of birds; the others picture insects and corals. Regrettably that volume does not specify who (of some 70 or more painters!) actually saw Doris whether mounted in Europe or alive in South America. And Daubenton does not give a Latin classificatory name - Linnaeus a bit later called it Papilio doris - but merely refers to it colorfully as 'Le Parasol de Surinam'.
This scene was taken in the late afternoon when I least expected it. Several groups were waltzing above the flowers, it was magical.
There are about 225 described species in the genus Delias. The butterflies are popularly known as Jezebels. Most species are gaudily patterned in red, yellow, black and white - the colours serving to advertise their unpalateable nature to would-be predators.
Many of the species are highly localised, being endemic to particular islands in south-east Asia, or restricted to certain mountain ranges.
Described by eBird as "Heard more often than seen" ...
The last time I photographed one was in 2019: flic.kr/p/2hqHvCs
Aymanam, Kottayam, Kerala, India
From www.feelsenigallia.it/en/to-be-seen/monuments/rocca-rover...
The defensive structure that was already present when the town was founded by the Romans was integrated over time with towers and bastions. The Rocchetta (small castle) built by Egidio Albornoz in the 14th century is still visible, together with the Rocca (castle) of Sigismondo Pandolfo Malatesta that was added in 1450.
The current structure of the monument is due to Giovanni della Rovere, Prince of Senigallia, and son-in-law of Federico III da Montefeltro, the Duke of Urbino. It was the Duke Federico who offered Giovanni the best architects of the time: Luciano Laurana and Baccio Pontelli. The works started in 1478 with the purpose of adapting the castle to the new defensive needs. In 1503 the Rocca was conquered by Cesare Borgia, the author of the famous massacre carried out in Senigallia and described by Niccolò Machiavelli.
Rocca Roveresca is a unique monument because it was not only a fortress, but also a noble palace, and the seat of an artillery academy founded by Guidubaldo della Rovere in 1533. After the extinction of the ducal dynasty, when the town returned under the domain of the Church in 1631, the castle was used as a papal prison and an orphanage.
Today it hosts art exhibitions and prestigious cultural events.
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Described as the largest sand sculpture event in the world,the International Sand Sculpture Festival or Festival Internacional de Escultura em Areia (FIESA) has been held in Pêra, Algarve, Portugal annually since 2003. The site at 37.1289°N 8.3310°WCoordinates: 37.1289°N 8.3310°W occupies 15,000 square metres (3.7 acres). Each year about 60 artists use 35000 tons of sand to create 50 works of art. The exhibition is also open in the evenings with atmospheric lighting