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Any excuse and Regent Street is lined with Union jacks so it was no surprise that when I visited just a couple of days before Charles III's Coronation the street was full of them.
This isn't the best photo I took that day but for me I like it due to the link to the average person being that on the Clapham (Omni)bus......
Click here for more of my pre-Coronation photos : www.flickr.com/photos/darrellg/albums/72177720308161314
From Wikipedia, "The man on the Clapham omnibus is a hypothetical ordinary and reasonable person, used by the courts in English law where it is necessary to decide whether a party has acted as a reasonable person would â for example, in a civil action for negligence. The character is a reasonably educated, intelligent but nondescript person, against whom the defendant's conduct can be measured.
The term was introduced into English law during the Victorian era, and is still an important concept in British law. It is also used in other Commonwealth common law jurisdictions, sometimes with suitable modifications to the phrase as an aid to local comprehension. The route of the original "Clapham omnibus" is unknown but London Buses route 88 was briefly branded as "the Clapham Omnibus" in the 1990s and is sometimes associated with the term."
Š D.Godliman
"Building work on the court house had not yet started when the famous Battle of Red Cliffs erupted in March 1939. Hundreds of itinerant workers had converged on the town for the picking season; all were hard up and some penniless and reduced to begging for food. Conditions were wretched and many slept without blankets among the vines, tormented by mosquitoes. Because of bad weather, the harvest wasn't ready and no work was available.
Tempers flared on the evening of 11 March when five hundred rioters ran amok. Police failed to subdue them with fire hoses and batons and it needed reinforcements from Mildura to fire warning shots before the crowd dispersed. On the following Wednesday eighteen defendants faced the Red Cliffs bench on 86 charges. There were so many spectators the venue was moved from the Methodist Hall to the Diggerland Theatre (the name reflects the town's origins as a soldier settlement) and the court sat without a break until 6 pm.
Inevitably, police blamed the riot on a small group of 'communist agitators'. The worst of them, they said, was Louise Edwards who had incited the men to violence with her strident cries. During the hearing she heckled police witnesses. Dubbed the 'Queen of the Red Cliffs Riot', Edwards could not or would not pay her twelve pound fine, and served eight weeks' gaol instead.
The pickers' grievances were mostly legitimate and conditions improved after the riot. A labour bureau was arranged, and block-holders were made to provide shelter and camping places for their workers. The next year, pickers passing through Ouyen on their way to Mildura were even allowed to draw ten shillings sustenance - provided they did 51 hours' work for the local council, then left town promptly!
Due to wartime austerity, Red Cliffs Court House opened without fanfare on 18 July 1940, despite the lack of furniture and a jungle of weeds at the entrance. A shallow, tiled roof covers the courtroom while parapets conceal the flat, iron roofs of the ancillary rooms. In rendered brick, the building presents a stark, blockhouse appearance, emphasised by the horizontal bands and the bars to the windows. After an abortive closure in 1973, the courts ceased officially in 1989. Red Cliffs Historical Society now occupies the building."
Historic Court Houses of Victoria, by Michael Challinger
Candide depuis quelques annÊes avec des photos qui me semblent aujourd'hui si dÊrisoires, me sentant complètement incapable de traiter un tel sujet ... je vais essayer avec cette sÊrie de transcrire ce que j'aurais donc oser capter durant notre marche de rassemblement.sur Dieppe ce dimanche matin glacial mais si bien rÊchauffÊ par une foule si attachante, calme, debout et dÊcidÊe à dÊmontrer son refus à toutes pensÊes autoritaire, fanatique et meurtrière.
Entre une peine ĂŠnorme et paradoxalement une joie indescriptible Ă ĂŞtre un homme parmi d'autres hommes dĂŠfendant ce que nous avons de plus prĂŠcieux : notre libertĂŠ de ... penser par soi mĂŞme !
et notre soif d'autoriser toutes dĂŠrisions.
MĂŞme mes photos dĂŠrisoires !
...
Candide recent years with pictures that seem now so ridiculous, feeling completely unable to handle such a subject ... I'll try with this series to transcribe what I have so daring capture during our gathering on. Dieppe Sunday frosty morning but warmed by so many endearing, quiet, upright and determined to demonstrate his refusal to all authoritarian thoughts, fanatical and murderous.
Between a huge pain and paradoxically indescribable joy to be a man among other men defending what we most precious our freedom to think for yourself ...!
and our thirst to allow all derision.
Even my ridiculous pictures!
At they're Majesties pleasure...
...to a whole life time of enthusiasm,
The charges;
1/ Loitering with intent.
2/ Acting in a manner such as to incite others.
3/ Making decent images with the intention to share.
4/ Making unnecessary journeys in the pursuit of the above.
"Has the defendant any thing to say to the Court"
"Yes your Honour, I would like to thank the Court for it's leniency and understanding"
"Take him down" !!!,
"to the nearest Station".... ;-)))
Railway Court, is the name bestowed on the apartment bloc
built on the site of the former Railway Public House.
MEGAN LORENZ
vs
NORTHLAND ART COMPANY CANADA INC., GEORGE TAMBURI, DANIEL TAMBURI AND SEMRAN TAMBURI.
Copyright Infringement Default Judgement
static.ow.ly/docs/T-376-17_6XSo.pdf?platform=hootsuite
"the Plaintiff's moral rights have been infringed in a number of significant ways that place her professional reputation (which is well documented) at severe risk. Particularly heinous in this regard is the Defendants' creation and use of the fictional persona (and biographical claims) of "Elizabeth Langdon" and its use in the sale and widespread marketing of poor quality versions of the "Work". This cannot help but pose a sever threat and have a detrimental impact upon the Plaintiffs well-established reputation as a creator of quality art works."
Name: John T. Ingleson
Arrested for: not given
Arrested at: North Shields Police Station
Arrested on: 30 March 1915
Tyne and Wear Archives ref: DX1388-1-260-John T Ingleson
The Shields Daily News for 7 April 1915 reports:
âBREAKING AND ENTERING. SOLDIERS COMMITTED FOR TRIAL AT NORTH SHIELDS.
Frederick Jones (19) and John Thomas Ingleson (19), soldiers, stationed at Earsdon, were brought up on remand at North Shields today charged with breaking and entering on the 30th March a dwelling house, situated at 9 Lovaine Terrace and stealing 16 knives, a cruet, clock, pair of scissors, case of needles, silver tray and two salt cellars valued at ÂŁ3 7s 6d the property of the executors of the late Thomas Williamson.
They were also charged with breaking and entering between 10pm on the 29th ult. and 7.45am on the 30th ult. a confectionerâs shop in Queen Alexandra Road and stealing two loaves of bread, valued at 7d, the property of Messrs Patterson and Reed.
George Anderson, a cashier, identified the goods as the property of the executors of the late Mr Williamson. PC John Dixon stated that at 2.50am on the 30th ult. he found a window broken at 9 Lovaine Terrace. He lifted the sash and upon shining his lamp around the room he saw Jones behind a bookcase and the other man crouching in a corner. Witness arrested defendants and on searching them at the police station found the goods mentioned in their possessionâŚ
Det.-Insp. said that on the morning of the 30th, from what Jones told him, he examined Messrs Patterson and Reedâs shop and found a large stone, which exactly fitted the break in the window. Afterwards witness jointly charged both men and Jones replied, âWe did itâ and Ingleson said, âI say the sameâ. When formally charged with the first offence Jones said, âWe took themâ and Ingleson said, âWe wanted to get in there mostly to get some clothesâ. Replying to the second charge, defendants both said they wanted something to eat. They were committed for trial at the Quarter Sessions and the magistrates complimented PC Dixon upon his smart capture. On the recommendation of Chief Constable Huish, the Watch Committee have granted the merit badge to PC Dixon.â
The Shields Daily News for 9 April 1915 reports:
âSHOP BREAKING BY SOLDIERS AT NORTH SHIELDS
Frederick Jones, 19, and John Thomas Ingleson, 19, privates in the Duke of Wellingtonâs First Riding Regiment, stationed at Earsdon, were charged with having broken into the unoccupied house of the late Mr Thomas Williamson, Lovaine House, Lovaine Terrace, North Shields on March 30 and with having stolen various goods, valued at ÂŁ3 7s 6d. They were also charged with the theft of two loaves of bread from the confectionery shop of Messrs Patterson and Reed at North Shields on the same date. Accused pleaded guilty.
An officer from the prisonersâ regiment said they were indifferent soldiers, because they had repeatedly absented themselves without leave. The officer knew nothing about the menâs records and said that was a matter that was not very carefully gone into at this time.
The Chairman said he observed from the depositions taken at the police court that Jones said, âWe wanted money and clothes. I have soldiered for six months for a shilling. I got 90 days pay stopped.â
The officer said it was true that Jones had lost a great deal of his pay but that was for absenting himself from his regiment. The balance of the account was on the other side.
Jones, who was convicted of wilful damage at Dublin in May last, was sentenced to six monthsâ imprisonment with hard labour on each charge, to run concurrently. Ingleson was sentenced to four months imprisonment with hard labourâ.
These images are taken from an album of photographs of prisoners brought before the North Shields Police Court between 1902 and 1916 (TWAM ref. DX1388/1). This set is our selection of the best mugshots taken during the First World War. They have been chosen because of the sharpness and general quality of the images. The album doesnât record the details of each prisonerâs crimes, just their names and dates of arrest.
In order to discover the stories behind the mugshots, staff from Tyne & Wear Archives & Museums visited North Shields Local Studies Library where they carefully searched through microfilm copies of the âShields Daily Newsâ looking for newspaper reports of the court cases. The newspaper reports have been transcribed and added below each mugshot.
Combining these two separate records gives us a fascinating insight into life on the Home Front during the First World War. These images document the lives of people of different ages and backgrounds, both civilians and soldiers. Our purpose here is not to judge them but simply to reflect the realities of their time.
(Copyright) We're happy for you to share this digital image within the spirit of The Commons. Please cite 'Tyne & Wear Archives & Museums' when reusing. Certain restrictions on high quality reproductions and commercial use of the original physical version apply though; if you're unsure please email archives@twmuseums.org.uk.
Name: James S. George
Arrested for: not given
Arrested at: North Shields Police Station
Arrested on: 15 August 1906
Tyne and Wear Archives ref: DX1388-1-93-James S George
The Shields Daily News for 22 August 1906 reports:
âAt North Shields Police Court today James George (15) was charged with having, between Aug. 4th and 11th, stolen 3s in money, a silver match-box stand, and several articles of clothing, valued at ÂŁ2 10s, the property of his sister, Alice Mary George. The whole of the property had been recovered by Sergt. Hall from four different pawnbrokers, with whom they had been pledged by the accused, who pleaded guilty. Inspector Scougal said the accused had been three time convicted for larceny since April 1903. Accused was remanded for a week with a view to being committed to a reformatory.â
The Shields Daily News for 24 April 1903 contains the details of one of the earlier cases.
âTHEFT BY BOYS.
Alexander George (13), James George (11), Henry Crow (13), Robert Charters (8), Montgomery Bryden (9) and Andrew Dodds (11), Stephenson Street, were charged with stealing a rabbit, valued at 1s 6d, from a backyard at 137 Linskill Street, the property of Sarah Spurling. Prosecutrix said that she missed a rabbit from her back premises, on the date named.
Alfred Hodgson, an assistant with Mr Kelday, poulterer, Camden Street, said that Charters brought the rabbit to the shop and offered to sell it, saying his father was out of work. He gave him 6d for it and afterwards handed it over to the police. Detective Sergt. Scougal said he arrested and charged the accused. They admitted participating in the theft and in sharing the proceeds.
Alex. George, James George, Andrew Dodds and Robt. Charters were then charged with stealing three pigeons, valued at 5s, from the backyard of 37 Jackson Street, on the 21st inst. William Williamson, a boy, said at 6.30pm on the 21st inst. he had a number of pigeons in a dovecot at the house of his parents. At 7pm they were missing. The birds were worth 5s. Later he went to a pigeon shop in the Borough Road and there identified two of them. Det.-Sergt. Scougal said he charged the accused and they admitted stealing the pigeons and selling two. The whole of the prisoners were ordered to be birchedâ.
For an image of Alexander George see www.flickr.com/photos/twm_news/28065712265/in/album-72157....
The Shields Daily News for 20 March 1905 also reported on another case involving George.
"THROWING MISSILES.
James George and Robert Charters, little boys, were summoned for throwing missiles in Linskill Street on the 3rd inst. The evidence showed that the defendants and other boys were continually annoying a tradesman in that thoroughfare. On the date named potatoes were thrown into the shop. One struck the woman behind the counter on the head and another smashed a window, the broken pane having since been replaced by George's father. George was fined 2s 6d without costs and the case against Charters was dismissed."
These images are a selection from an album of photographs of prisoners brought before the North Shields Police Court between 1902 and 1916 in the collection of Tyne & Wear Archives (TWA ref DX1388/1).
This set contains mugshots of boys and girls under the age of 21. This reflects the fact that until 1970 that was the legal age of majority in the UK.
(Copyright) We're happy for you to share this digital image within the spirit of The Commons. Please cite 'Tyne & Wear Archives & Museums' when reusing. Certain restrictions on high quality reproductions and commercial use of the original physical version apply though; if you're unsure please email archives@twmuseums.org.uk.
Source: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuremberg
Nuremberg (German: NĂźrnberg) is the second-largest city of the German federal state of Bavaria after its capital of Munich, and its 511,628 (2016) inhabitants make it the 14th largest city of Germany. On the Pegnitz River (from its confluence with the Rednitz in FĂźrth onwards: Regnitz, a tributary of the River Main) and the RhineâMainâDanube Canal, it lies in the Bavarian administrative region of Middle Franconia, and is the largest city and the unofficial capital of Franconia. Nuremberg forms a continuous conurbation with the neighbouring cities of FĂźrth, Erlangen and Schwabach with a total population of 787,976 (2016), while the larger Nuremberg Metropolitan Region has approximately 3.5 million inhabitants. The city lies about 170 kilometres (110 mi) north of Munich. It is the largest city in the East Franconian dialect area (colloquially: "Franconian"; German: Fränkisch).
There are many institutions of higher education in the city, most notably the University of Erlangen-Nuremberg (Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-NĂźrnberg), with 39,780 students (2017) Bavaria's third and Germany's 11th largest university with campuses in Erlangen and Nuremberg and a university hospital in Erlangen (Universitätsklinikum Erlangen); Technische Hochschule NĂźrnberg Georg Simon Ohm; and Hochschule fĂźr Musik NĂźrnberg. Nuremberg Airport (Flughafen NĂźrnberg âAlbrecht DĂźrerâ) is the second-busiest airport of Bavaria after Munich Airport, and the tenth-busiest airport of Germany.
Staatstheater NĂźrnberg is one of the five Bavarian state theatres, showing operas, operettas, musicals, and ballets (main venue: Nuremberg Opera House), plays (main venue: Schauspielhaus NĂźrnberg), as well as concerts (main venue: Meistersingerhalle). Its orchestra, Staatsphilharmonie NĂźrnberg, is Bavaria's second-largest opera orchestra after the Bavarian State Opera's Bavarian State Orchestra in Munich. Nuremberg is the birthplace of Albrecht DĂźrer and Johann Pachelbel.
Nuremberg was the site of major Nazi rallies, and it provided the site for the Nuremberg trials, which held to account many major Nazi officials.
Source: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palace_of_Justice,_Nuremberg
The Nuremberg Palace of Justice (German Justizpalast) is a building complex in Nuremberg, Bavaria, Germany. It was constructed from 1909 to 1916 and houses the appellate court (Oberlandesgericht), the regional court (Landgericht), the local court (Amtsgericht) and the public prosecutor's office (Staatsanwaltschaft). The Nuremberg Trials Memorial (Memorium NĂźrnberger Prozesse) is located on the top floor of the courthouse.
Source: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuremberg_trials
The Nuremberg trials (German: Die NĂźrnberger Prozesse) were a series of military tribunals held by the Allied forces under international law and the laws of war after World War II. The trials were most notable for the prosecution of prominent members of the political, military, judicial and economic leadership of Nazi Germany, who planned, carried out, or otherwise participated in the Holocaust and other war crimes. The trials were held in the city of Nuremberg, Germany, and their decisions marked a turning point between classical and contemporary international law.
The first and best known of these trials was that of the major war criminals before the International Military Tribunal (IMT). It was described as "the greatest trial in history" by Sir Norman Birkett, one of the British judges who presided over them. Held between 20 November 1945 and 1 October 1946, the Tribunal was given the task of trying 24 of the most important political and military leaders of the Third Reich â though the proceeding against Martin Bormann was tried in absentia, while another defendant, Robert Ley, committed suicide within a week of the trial's commencement.
Adolf Hitler, Wilhelm Burgdorf, Hans Krebs and Joseph Goebbels had all committed suicide in the spring of 1945 to avoid capture. Heinrich Himmler attempted to commit suicide, but was captured before he could succeed; he committed suicide one day after being arrested by British forces. Krebs and Burgdorf committed suicide two days after Hitler in the same place. Reinhard Heydrich had been assassinated by Czech partisans in 1942. Josef Terboven killed himself with dynamite in Norway in 1945. Adolf Eichmann fled to Argentina to avoid Allied capture, but was apprehended by Israel's intelligence service (Mossad) and hanged in 1962. Hermann GĂśring was sentenced to death, but committed suicide by consuming cyanide the night before his execution in defiance of his captors. MiklĂłs Horthy appeared as a witness at the Ministries trial held in Nuremberg in 1948.
This article primarily deals with the first trial, which was conducted by the IMT. Further trials of lesser war criminals were conducted under Control Council Law No. 10 at the U.S. Nuremberg Military Tribunal (NMT), which included the Doctors' trial and the Judges' Trial.
The categorization of the crimes and the constitution of the court represented a juridical advance that would be used afterwards by the United Nations for the development of a specific international jurisprudence in matters of war crime, crimes against humanity, war of aggression, as well as for the creation of the International Criminal Court. The Nuremberg indictment also mentions genocide for the first time in international law (Count three, war crimes : "the extermination of racial and national groups, against the civilian populations of certain occupied territories in order to destroy particular races and classes of people and national, racial, or religious groups, particularly Jews, Poles, and Gypsies and others.")
Name: William Glendinning
Arrested for: not given
Arrested at: North Shields Police Station
Arrested on: 22 February 1915
Tyne and Wear Archives ref: DX1388-1-258-William Glendinning
The Shields Daily News for 1 March 1915 reports:
âTHEFT FROM A LODGING HOUSE
Today at North Shields, before Mr J. W. Munby and Mr A. B. Plummer, Wm. Glendinning (41), labourer, no fixed abode, was charged with stealing a suit of clothes and a quantity of provisions, value ÂŁ1 19s 6d, the property of William Thompson, 37 Duke Street. The prosecutor said the accused and he were staying in the same lodging house. Witness missed the articles mentioned from a locker in the kitchen. He afterwards saw the accused in South Shields and gave him into custody.
Evidence was given that the accused sold the suit at his second-hand shop in High Street, Gateshead, on the 13th inst. for 3s 6d. Detective Sergt. Hall stated that on the 15th inst., from a complaint made by the prosecutor, he made inquiries and found the accused had absconded from the lodging house. He afterwards received the accused into custody from the South Shields police and charged him. He replied, âI took the suit and sold it to a second-hand dealer near the Half Moon public house in Gatesheadâ. Witness had not recovered the suit as it had been re-sold. Defendant pleaded that he was under the influence of drink.
The Chief Constable (Mr J. H. Huish) put in 12 previous appearances against the accused before the Sunderland magistrates. The charges included gaming, brawling, stealing and false pretences. Accused was committed for a month.â
These images are taken from an album of photographs of prisoners brought before the North Shields Police Court between 1902 and 1916 (TWAM ref. DX1388/1). This set is our selection of the best mugshots taken during the First World War. They have been chosen because of the sharpness and general quality of the images. The album doesnât record the details of each prisonerâs crimes, just their names and dates of arrest.
In order to discover the stories behind the mugshots, staff from Tyne & Wear Archives & Museums visited North Shields Local Studies Library where they carefully searched through microfilm copies of the âShields Daily Newsâ looking for newspaper reports of the court cases. The newspaper reports have been transcribed and added below each mugshot.
Combining these two separate records gives us a fascinating insight into life on the Home Front during the First World War. These images document the lives of people of different ages and backgrounds, both civilians and soldiers. Our purpose here is not to judge them but simply to reflect the realities of their time.
(Copyright) We're happy for you to share this digital image within the spirit of The Commons. Please cite 'Tyne & Wear Archives & Museums' when reusing. Certain restrictions on high quality reproductions and commercial use of the original physical version apply though; if you're unsure please email archives@twmuseums.org.uk.
Defendant Guy CoĂŤme and the row of lawyers in the back.
In 1998 I was the courtroom artist for the Belgian newspaper Le Soir. It was for the big trial The Agusta-Dassault Case. It was one of Belgium's most infamous trials of the century, some of the country's most senior political figures had been sucked into a scandal extending from bribery to money-laundering, forgery and possibly even murder. It was one of the best jobs I ever had. Sitting in that courtroom for days and drawing was very exciting.
"Building work on the court house had not yet started when the famous Battle of Red Cliffs erupted in March 1939. Hundreds of itinerant workers had converged on the town for the picking season; all were hard up and some penniless and reduced to begging for food. Conditions were wretched and many slept without blankets among the vines, tormented by mosquitoes. Because of bad weather, the harvest wasn't ready and no work was available.
Tempers flared on the evening of 11 March when five hundred rioters ran amok. Police failed to subdue them with fire hoses and batons and it needed reinforcements from Mildura to fire warning shots before the crowd dispersed. On the following Wednesday eighteen defendants faced the Red Cliffs bench on 86 charges. There were so many spectators the venue was moved from the Methodist Hall to the Diggerland Theatre (the name reflects the town's origins as a soldier settlement) and the court sat without a break until 6 pm.
Inevitably, police blamed the riot on a small group of 'communist agitators'. The worst of them, they said, was Louise Edwards who had incited the men to violence with her strident cries. During the hearing she heckled police witnesses. Dubbed the 'Queen of the Red Cliffs Riot', Edwards could not or would not pay her twelve pound fine, and served eight weeks' gaol instead.
The pickers' grievances were mostly legitimate and conditions improved after the riot. A labour bureau was arranged, and block-holders were made to provide shelter and camping places for their workers. The next year, pickers passing through Ouyen on their way to Mildura were even allowed to draw ten shillings sustenance - provided they did 51 hours' work for the local council, then left town promptly!
Due to wartime austerity, Red Cliffs Court House opened without fanfare on 18 July 1940, despite the lack of furniture and a jungle of weeds at the entrance. A shallow, tiled roof covers the courtroom while parapets conceal the flat, iron roofs of the ancillary rooms. In rendered brick, the building presents a stark, blockhouse appearance, emphasised by the horizontal bands and the bars to the windows. After an abortive closure in 1973, the courts ceased officially in 1989. Red Cliffs Historical Society now occupies the building."
Historic Court Houses of Victoria, by Michael Challinger
Dettaglio della facciata gotico veneziana del Palazzo Ducale verso piazzetta San Marco. Tra le molte colonne, due si distinguono per il marmo rosato con cui sono realizzate. Tra di esse si affacciava il Doge nelle cerimonie ufficiali e per decretare la morte di un imputato.
The pillars of power
Detail of the facade of the Venetian Gothic Palazzo Ducale to the Piazzetta San Marco. Among the many columns, two stand out for they are made of pink marble. Among them, the Doge overlooked in official ceremonies and to decree the death of a defendant.
-- Setup --
Nikon D700
Nikkor AF-D 50 f/1.4
Venice - Italy
12 cents Domestic Registered Letter - 31 March 1928 / Swift Creek, B.C. to Kamloops, B,C,
2 cents Domestic Postage - 1 July 1926 to 30 June 1931
10 cents Registration fee - 15 July 1920 to 1 April 1951
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SWIFT CREEK, British Columbia - a Post Office and Flag Station on the Canadian National Railway. It is located 19 miles north of Albreda in the Salmon Arm Provincial Electoral District. The population in 1928 was 80. The name was changed to VALEMOUNT in November 1928. Swift Creek, B.C. was 70 miles west of Jasper, Alberta
The CRANBERRY LAKE (1) Post Office was established - 1 August 1913 - changed name to SWIFT CREEK - 1 January 1918 / 1 September 1918 - changed name to VALEMOUNT - 1 November 1928.
LINKS to a list of the Postmasters who served at the CRANBERRY LAKE (1) Post Office - central.bac-lac.gc.ca/.redirect?app=posoffposmas&id=2... the SWIFT CREEK Post Office - central.bac-lac.gc.ca/.redirect?app=posoffposmas&id=2... the VALEMOUNT Post Office - central.bac-lac.gc.ca/.redirect?app=posoffposmas&id=2...
When the registered letter was posted at SWIFT CREEK, B.C. Mrs. Lillian Cox was the Postmistress - she served from - 16 May 1918 to - 29 September 1954.
Lillian (nee Cant) Cox
(b. 24 March 1878 in London, England - d. 14 November 1969 at age 91 in Prince George, British Columbia) - LINK to her death certificate - search-collections.royalbcmuseum.bc.ca/Image/Genealogy/7f...
- sent from / SWIFT CREEK / MR 31 / 28 / B.C. / - split ring cancel - this split ring hammer (A1-1) was proofed - 5 January 1918 - (RF D).
- sent by registered mail - / R / SWIFT CREEK, B.C. / ORIGINAL No. (174) / - boxed marking in purple ink.
- via - / JASPER / MR 31 / 28 / ALTA. / - cds transit backstamp
- arrived at - / KAMLOOPS / PM / AP 1 / 28 / B.C. / - cds arrival backstamp
- sent by - Mrs. F. Anderson / Swift Creek / B.C.
Frederick Anderson related - Clipped from - The Province newspaper - Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada - 8 May 1928 - Enjoined From Operating Sawmill at Swift Creek - Until trial of the action, James McKechnie, Pere Jenson. John Galigham and Pere Fryk of Swift Creek, have been enjoined by injunction granted in supreme Court by Mr. Justice D. McDonald at the suit of Frederick Anderson from operating or interfering with a sawmill at Swift Creek. Anderson alleged that he leased the plant from Columbia River Sawmills Ltd. and that he suffered damage of $300 a day as a result of the four defendants allegedly operating the mill. Mr. E. R. Thomson made the application for the injunction.
Addressed to: Bank of Montreal / Kamloops / B.C.
====PeĂąa Duro Prison====
Zodiac- Walker. Walker! Wake up!
Drury- Zodiac? Well this just got a whole lot worse. Where are we?
Zodiac- Some Island. Los Santos or something...
Drury- Santa Prisca?
Zodiac- Yeah. That.
Drury- Huh, I went here on my honeymoon
Zodiac- Oh, look at you, you had a honeymoon! You think youâre so much better than me, donât you?
...
Drury- Kinda-?
Zodiac- Screw you! I canât believe they want me to defend you! For fucks sake, you tried to sentence *me* to death!
Drury- And I wouldâve gotten away with it too, if it werenât for that meddling imp!
Zodiac- I fail and theyâll kill us both! Weâve got to work on your defence
Drury- But I donât get it, what did I do ?
Zodiac- How should I know? Batman locked me in Sharkâs closet. I was in there for three days
Drury- But you got out right?
Zodiac- Yeah. I came out of the clos- Oh, real mature, bug boy. Just wait till Charaxes shows up, heâll kill you and those OG scumbags
Drury- Actually no, heâs dead
Zodiac- Youâre kidding!
Drury- Nope, Ratcatcher got him. Actually, Iâve got a miniature ratsignal in my pocket. I should be able to call him
Zodiac- Now itâs my turn to shatter your hopes and dreams! I heard Floyd say Ratcatcherâs on Apokalips. Joker paid him $2 Billion bucks to overthrow Darkseid. And the Misfits wonât help, I sold out the Clock so that Zsasz would stop chasing-
*The door opens and the air suddenly becomes colder. Peculiar for a Spanish Island, but not unfamiliar to Drury or Zodiac*
Freeze- Itâs time.
Drury- Fries? What happened to your so-called code of honour eh? Eh?!
Freeze- You do not have the right to question my morality *insect*! This arrangement is *hardly* a permanent one. Iâm being offered a large fee for this assignment. Money which I shall use to at last cure my wife... my Nora.
Zodiac- Yeah. Right. Who'd marry you Frosty?
*Freeze's hand tightens on his gun*
Freeze- Don't tempt me ingrate. The jury needs only your defence, not your limbs.
Drury- I'm going! Don't hurt him!
Zodiac- Oh, I'm touched. Didn't think you cared
Drury- Can't have you defending me with no hands alright Iâm sure itâs a piece of cake, as long as they picked a fair... jury.
Anarky- Welcome to the court battle of the century The People vs Killer Moth! The defendant stands accused of inspiring the increase in C-List level supervillainy! What say he?
Zodiac- Weâre doomed.
Drury- Itâll be fine, look Gaige is there!
Zodiac- Itâs not fine. A quarter of the jury are literally devils
Gaige- Yeesh, thisâll be hard to watch
Name: George Walker
Arrested for: not given
Arrested at: North Shields Police Station
Arrested on: 15 March 1916
Tyne and Wear Archives ref: DX1388-1-264-George Walker
The Shields Daily News for 20 March 1916 reports:
âFORGING CHEQUES. YOUNG SOLDIERS CHARGED AT NORTH SHIELDS.
At North Shields today ⌠Harold Weston Cummings (17), a soldier, of 33 Hanover Gardens, Kensington Oval, London, SE, was brought up on remand, charged with having feloniously forged a bank cheque for the sum of £4 15s on or about Feb. 25th. Geo. Ernest Walker (17), a soldier of Freer Street, Walsall, was charged with cashing the cheque on the 25th Feb. They were further charged with similar offences on the 25th Feb. Mr F. Lambert defended both defendants.
James Hamilton Johns, Second Lieutenant in the South Staffordshire Regiment, said Cummings was attached to the same regiment at Earsdon. The cheque produced signed âJ.H. Johnsâ was not out of his book and it was not his signature. Witness never asked the defendants to sign cheques on his behalf. Walker was also billeted at Earsdon.
James N. Wilson, cashier at Lloydâs Bank, Howard Street, North Shields, said that between 10 and 12.30 on the 25th Feb. Walker came to the bank and asked to cash the cheque produced. Witness asked where he came from and he said Shiremoor and he cashed it. The cheque was sent in the usual way and it was returned as the signature had been forged. The cheque was from a quartermasterâs book, which had been lost or stolen at Plymouth. Detective-Sergeant Hall said that on the 11th inst. he went to Earsdon and arrested Cummings and when cautioned he replied âI have nothing to sayâ. On the way to North Shields he said: âI did not attempt to alter the handwriting in any way. I have had the cheque book about a year and have never attempted to use itâ. Later, witness saw Walker in the custody of the Newcastle police and when cautioned, he replied âI have nothing to sayâ.
Mr Lambert stated that the other charge was of a precisely similar character and he did not think it necessary to go into it. There could not be any doubt that the charges were serious ones but he suggested that, having regard to all the circumstances, it could be settled to the satisfaction of the police and the bankers. The defendants were both 17 years of age, and young as they were they had already served in the army for four years. Walkerâs father had been 26 years in the army and was now in France. The police might be prepared to allow the more serious charge to be reduced to one of false pretences and the money would be refunded by the officers of the regiment.
Chief Constable said the defendants had cashed three more cheques at Whitley and attempted to cash one at Newcastle. The people on these cases had refused to prosecute. Capt. Anderson gave the defendants good characters.
Chief Constable Huish said he had no objection to the cases being reduced. The second case was not proceeded with and Cummings was charged with having received the money by false pretences and Walker with aiding and abetting. Both men pleaded guilty. The Chairman said the defendants would be bound over for twelve months and they were greatly indebted to their solicitor and officers."
These images are taken from an album of photographs of prisoners brought before the North Shields Police Court between 1902 and 1916 (TWAM ref. DX1388/1). This set is our selection of the best mugshots taken during the First World War. They have been chosen because of the sharpness and general quality of the images. The album doesnât record the details of each prisonerâs crimes, just their names and dates of arrest.
In order to discover the stories behind the mugshots, staff from Tyne & Wear Archives & Museums visited North Shields Local Studies Library where they carefully searched through microfilm copies of the âShields Daily Newsâ looking for newspaper reports of the court cases. The newspaper reports have been transcribed and added below each mugshot.
Combining these two separate records gives us a fascinating insight into life on the Home Front during the First World War. These images document the lives of people of different ages and backgrounds, both civilians and soldiers. Our purpose here is not to judge them but simply to reflect the realities of their time.
(Copyright) We're happy for you to share this digital image within the spirit of The Commons. Please cite 'Tyne & Wear Archives & Museums' when reusing. Certain restrictions on high quality reproductions and commercial use of the original physical version apply though; if you're unsure please email archives@twmuseums.org.uk.
The gorge upstream of Johnstown, PA, is the steepest east of the Mississippi. A dam built by the state was sold to private citizens, who didn't keep it up.
When the dam broke, the disaster wasn't that water crept up and drowned people downstream. It was that so much water came so fast that it swept up structures and created a wall of debris that smashed everything in its path.
The result was the largest single-day loss of American life outside of war and 9/11. The relief effort was the Red Cross's first major non-wartime response.
And, when the famous, rich people who owned the dam were found innocent of wrongdoing (after all, the flood was an Act of God), the law was changed so that a "non-negligent defendant could be held liable for damage caused by the unnatural use of land."
The unidentified dead in Grandview Cemetery represent one third of the lives lost. Entire households were killed, entire neighborhoods destroyed. Who remained to say that this was Uncle Bill and that was Granny Tisha?
Johnstown Flood statistics: www.jaha.org/attractions/johnstown-flood-museum/flood-his...
Wikipedia on the Great Flood of 1889: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johnstown_Flood
Name: Thomas Dodds
Arrested for: not given
Arrested at: North Shields Police Station
Arrested on: 3 October 1914
Tyne and Wear Archives ref: DX1388-1-256-Thomas Dodds
For an image of his accomplice Mark Schidlossky see www.flickr.com/photos/twm_news/21412004993/in/dateposted/.
The Shields Daily News for 5 October 1914 reports:
âGOING THROUGH SEAMANâS POCKETS. ONE MONTH FOR THIEVES AT NO. SHIELDS.
Today at North Shields, Mark Schidlossky, seaman, Russia and Thomas Dodds, labourer, South Shields, were charged with stealing 5s from the person of James McLeod on the New Quay.
McLeod said he was proceeding to his ship, which was lying at Smithâs Dock, when he was accosted by two men, whom he now recognised. They pushed him up against the wall and took everything from his pockets. John Michael Graham, Lawson Street, said he saw the two men holding the prosecutor and going through his pockets.
PC Pallister said the Russian said in answer to the charge âI got no moneyâ and the other man made no reply. The first prisoner had 2s 10d and the other 1s 2d in their possession. The Bench committed the defendants to prison for one month eachâ.
These images are taken from an album of photographs of prisoners brought before the North Shields Police Court between 1902 and 1916 (TWAM ref. DX1388/1). This set is our selection of the best mugshots taken during the First World War. They have been chosen because of the sharpness and general quality of the images. The album doesnât record the details of each prisonerâs crimes, just their names and dates of arrest.
In order to discover the stories behind the mugshots, staff from Tyne & Wear Archives & Museums visited North Shields Local Studies Library where they carefully searched through microfilm copies of the âShields Daily Newsâ looking for newspaper reports of the court cases. The newspaper reports have been transcribed and added below each mugshot.
Combining these two separate records gives us a fascinating insight into life on the Home Front during the First World War. These images document the lives of people of different ages and backgrounds, both civilians and soldiers. Our purpose here is not to judge them but simply to reflect the realities of their time.
(Copyright) We're happy for you to share this digital image within the spirit of The Commons. Please cite 'Tyne & Wear Archives & Museums' when reusing. Certain restrictions on high quality reproductions and commercial use of the original physical version apply though; if you're unsure please email archives@twmuseums.org.uk.
Grid defending the buildings of the National Bank, Brussels.
Taken with a fixed-focus hacked lens, see www.flickr.com/photos/gvdmoort/49200985611
Grilles dÊfendant les bâtiments de la Banque Nationale, Bruxelles.
Pris avec un objectif bricolĂŠ, voir www.flickr.com/photos/gvdmoort/49200985611
Ilford HP5+ 1600iso Adonal 1+25 12'
Name: Mary A. Marr
Arrested for: not given
Arrested at: North Shields Police Station
Arrested on: 6 June 1906
Tyne and Wear Archives ref: DX1388-1-41-Mary A Marr
For an image of her daughter Alice Maud Marr see www.flickr.com/photos/twm_news/16935100722/in/album-72157....
For an image of her son Charles Marr see www.flickr.com/photos/twm_news/16567211557/in/album-72157....
For an image of her daughter Mary Ellen Marr see www.flickr.com/photos/twm_news/17084333602/in/album-72157....
The Shields Daily News for 6 June 1906 reports:
"THEFT OF A SAILOR'S BAG AT NORTH SHIELDS.
At North Shields Police Court today Charles Marr, Mary Ann Marr, Mary Ellen Marr and Chas. Marr were charged with being concerned together in stealing a sailor's bag of clothing etc, valued at ÂŁ2, the property of John Partis Gibson, a seaman.
Supt. Jamieson of the BTP prosecuted. The prosecutor said that on the 7th May he joined the s.s. Camelia, which was then lying at the Commissionersâ Staithes. He was proceeding to the docks with his bag and when passing the North Shields Railway Station the defendant Chas. Marr came up to him and offered to carry his bag for 1d. He said he would give him 3d if he carried it to the docks and he agreed to do so. He gave him the bag and told him he was going to make a purchase. On reaching his vessel he failed to see the boy and gave information to the police. He went to sea the same day and had just returned. Two pawnbrokersâ assistants spoke to receiving a portion of the stolen clothing from two of the female defendants.
Sub-Inspector Leitch said that on the 8th May, from information received, he made enquiries and proceeded to the North Shields Railway Station, where he found the boy Marr and questioned him. He told witness he took the bag home, being unable to find the man who had engaged him at the dock. He went to the house occupied by the defendants and spoke to Mrs Marr with regard to the bag. She told him it was in the cupboard. He took possession of it and found that it contained only a small portion of the stolen clothing. He mentioned this circumstance to her and she said it was just the same as it was when it was brought in the previous day and that it had not been touched. He searched the house and found a portion of the property and he recovered the remainder from the pawnbrokers. He added that the boy told the truth at once and had given him every assistance in recovering the property, while the mother had given him a great deal of trouble.
Formally charged, the mother, Mary Ann Marr, said it would not have happened had it not been for need.
Charles, who made his 13th appearance, was given the option of a fine, he having assisted the police, and he was mulcted in 1s without costs. Marry Ann Marr, whom the magistrates considered was the chief instigator in the theft, was committed to prison for 14 days, while Mary Ellen Marr was sentenced to 7 days imprisonment. Because of her youth, Alice Marr was discharged."
The Shields Daily News for 24 January 1907 reports:
"THEFT OF DOOR MATS. MOTHER AND DAUGHTERS SENT TO PRISON.
At North Shields Police Court today Mary Ellen Marr (21), Alice Maud Marr (17), sisters, and Mary Ann Marr (44), their mother, were charged with having stolen an indiarubber door mat, valued at ÂŁ1 4s, the property of Joseph Ostens, from the doorway of his house, 34 Grosvenor Place, on the 17th inst., or with having received the same, well knowing it to have been stolen. They were further charged with having stolen a similar mat, valued at ÂŁ1 3s, from the doorway of No. 32 Grosvenor Place, on the 17th inst., the property of John R Sutherland. There was a third charge against Mary Ellen and Alice Maud of having stolen on the 21st ult., from the porch of Percy Park House, Grand Parade, Tynemouth, an indiarubber mat, valued at ÂŁ1 10s, the property of Mr A. O. Carr, JP.
In the first case, Detective Sergeant Hall said that on the 18th inst. he arrested the accused at their residence in Church Way. He found the mat produced cut to pieces in the kitchen. Afterwards it was identified by the prosecutor as his property. In the other cases, evidence was given to the effect that the two other mats had been similarly treated, and that one of them had been disposed of at a marine store dealer's for 3s 6d. Previous convictions against the accused were put in by the Chief Constable (Mr J. H. Huish) and the magistrates committed the mother to prison for 14 days on each of the two charges preferred against her and sent the daughters to gaol for 14 days on each of the three charges preferred against them."
These images are a selection from an album of photographs of prisoners brought before the North Shields Police Court between 1902 and 1916 in the collection of Tyne & Wear Archives (TWA ref DX1388/1).
(Copyright) We're happy for you to share this digital image within the spirit of The Commons. Please cite 'Tyne & Wear Archives & Museums' when reusing. Certain restrictions on high quality reproductions and commercial use of the original physical version apply though; if you're unsure please email archives@twmuseums.org.uk.
Mission/Trial Report 14
Date: 08-30-2325
Location: Council Chambers, Citadel
Defendants Present:
⢠Cian Lios
⢠Daisy MacKenzie
⢠Fazzy Constantine
⢠Noah Constantine
⢠Ryoma Halvern
⢠Tai Astrofengia
⢠T1NM4N
⢠Vahenir
⢠Scrap
⢠Zeth Ryder
BluShock Special Witness:
⢠Jaron
Prosecutor:
⢠Tobias Sidonis
It had been some time since the âformerâ BluShock crewâs last mission on Stackspire Colony, where C-Secâled by the newly installed BluShock Commander Robert Keanâfinally apprehended Fazzy Constantine and his crew. Now, dragged back to the very heart of galactic law, they were forced to stand before the Citadel Council and answer for their alleged crimes.
The list was long: Noveria. The Citadel bombings. The destruction of Stackspire. The accusations were heavy, the weight of the galaxy pressing down on them. The crew knew they had their evidence ready, their witnesses lined up, their innocence to prove. But Daisy reminded them at every turn that this was a stitch-up from the very beginning. The Council wasnât looking for truthâthey were looking for blood.
As the day began, the sound of sirens split the wards. The apartment doors blew open under the force of C-Sec. Fazzy and his crewâs old friend from Valtoriaânow C-Sec agent Saeed Massaniâentered with the unit. He wasnât here as an ally. He was here as law. He was here to do his job. And so the crew was marched out.
The journey through the Wards was chaos incarnate. Barricades, shouting mobs, and angry citizens lined the streets. âMurderers!â âTerrorists!â âTraitors!â Some cursed their names. Some wept for lost loved ones in the bombings the crew had actually prevented. None of it mattered. The people had already been told the story. The truth had been written out of history.
The elevator doors opened to the Council Chambers. What awaited them was a scene of grandeur and judgment. Crimson-leaved trees, sculpted planters, pristine staircases ascending into the chamber of galactic justice itself. The Council was assembled: an Orc councillor, a Turian, an Asari, and a Salarianâthe brother of the slain Administrator Calzen of Noveria. Prosecutor Tobias Sidonis presided over the case, his voice cold and sharp as he read the charges.
The crew were lined up, cuffed, made to climb the steps to the platform of judgment. Their witnesses were already there: Gavin Tarius and Darrek Solan of Noveria. Marco and Leo, the garage brothers of Stackspire. Private investigator Havid Gabour and Battle Ready Pizza Joint owner, A Krogan. Then the accusations came. Twenty counts. Smuggling. Murder. Bombings. Destruction. Fabricated evidence was hurled onto holoscreens for all to see: falsified images of Fazzy in a relationship with the Salarian Administrator; Tai Astrofengia handing over a suspicious package; the long-missing BluShock operative Chastian Necrosa setting the Citadel bomb timers. The lies were as grotesque as they were elaborate.
The crew spoke, one by one, defending themselves. Their innocence was unwavering. They reminded the chamber of their deeds: the evacuation of Stackspire, the halting of the Citadel bombings, the saving of billions from galactic annihilationânot once, but twice. But the Councilâs faces remained stone.
The witnesses were called. The Stackspire trio spoke truth to power and confirmed the crewâs actions had been heroic. But betrayal was present as wellâthe Turian receptionist from Noveria, who once thanked BluShock for saving him, now lied under oath. He declared they were behind the massacres at Port Hanshan, his words dripping with falsity, his motives bought and paid for by unknown hands.
Then came Jaron. The dragon-being from Duneshade, Icaros. He had traveled far to stand in their defense. His evidence cut through the lies: recorded footage of the Stackspire president himself planting charges, abandoning the colony, and triggering the explosion that would later be pinned on Fazzy and his crew. His proof revealed the trap for what it was: a staged execution, an attempt to erase BluShock from the galaxy.
But even that was not enough.
The chamber quieted as the Council withdrew to deliberate. When they returned, the sentence was swift and merciless. Guilty. Guilty on all counts. Their heroism meant nothing. Their sacrifices meant nothing. The truth meant nothing.
Prosecutor Sidonis gave the order: Purgatory. The infamous space prison where convicts are sent to vanish into silence. A place so remote, so forgotten, that escape was not even a rumor. Fazzy, Daisy, Noah, and the rest would be cast into its abyss for an undefined sentence. Their ranks were stripped. Their honor burned. Their legacy erased.
Daisy spat words at the Orc councillor, a defiant curse about his manhood, her voice echoing as the crew was marched away. Saeed Massani, once a friend, once a comrade, carried out the Councilâs will and led them to their doom.
Outside, celebrations broke across the galaxy. Illium News Network broadcast the verdict: âJustice has been served. Fazzy Constantine and the BluShock crew are incarcerated.â In the streets, there were cheers. In the Presidium, there was relief. For most, it was over.
But for Fazzy and his crew, stripped of everything, this was not the end. Somewhere, beyond the sirens and the cells, lay a future untold. Could they rise again? Could they ever return to the galaxy as its heroes?
That remains the unanswered question.
End of Report.
Name: Edwin Frankland
Arrested for: not given
Arrested at: North Shields Police Station
Arrested on: 2 November 1905
Tyne and Wear Archives ref: DX1388-1-79-Edwin Frankland
For an image of his accomplice Thomas Craigie see www.flickr.com/photos/twm_news/24927320706/in/album-72157....
The Shields Daily News for 9 November 1905 reports:
âLENIENTLY DEALT WITH.
Edwin F. Frankland (17), steamboatman, 41 Elsdon Street and Thomas Craigie (18), labourer, Bull Ring Stairs, were charged with being found on enclosed premises for an unlawful purpose on the 1st inst.
Miss Sarah Hall, a general dealer, residing and carrying on business in the Bull Ring, deposed to locking up her premises at 11.15 pm on the 31st ult. and being awakened by her sister at six oâclock the following morning and finding that the house had been entered.
Jane Hall, a sister of the prosecutrix, said that she awakened and saw Frankland standing in the door with a candle in his hand. She asked him what he wanted and he made no reply.
Sergeant Hall said that he apprehended Frankland at his house in Elsdon Street. In reply to the charge he said âCraigie forced open the shutters, drew the bolt, went inside and I followed. I struck a match and someone shouted out.â He apprehended Craigie in his motherâs house and he made no reply to the charge. The magistrates took a lenient view of the case, although the defendants pleaded guilty and dismissed the charge against them.â
These images are a selection from an album of photographs of prisoners brought before the North Shields Police Court between 1902 and 1916 in the collection of Tyne & Wear Archives (TWA ref DX1388/1).
This set contains mugshots of boys and girls under the age of 21. This reflects the fact that until 1970 that was the legal age of majority in the UK.
(Copyright) We're happy for you to share this digital image within the spirit of The Commons. Please cite 'Tyne & Wear Archives & Museums' when reusing. Certain restrictions on high quality reproductions and commercial use of the original physical version apply though; if you're unsure please email archives@twmuseums.org.uk.
What does it mean? I look over all the information from Zucco again to find what I missed. The most helpful clues would be V, F, and that name that I can't remember! Come on, just REMEMBER!
Harvey: (throws everything off his desk, breathing heavily.)
Great. Just great. Now I have to put everything back where it was. I should've just interrogated Zucco, he was already knocked down, and I had the shard. I could've just-
Wait. I pay attention to what I'm doing, and see an ad for horse racing. Why'd that make me stop? Of course! Mareli! Mare-li! Luca Mareli! I put him away a few months back, he worked for... Maroni. Sal Maroni must've been the one to hire Zucco! And the dates correspond with when he would've first contacted-
I look at the clock. Shoot, I'm going to be late! Thankfully the trial's almost over, then I don't have to go waste time trying to protect or put away Gotham's criminals. If they do something illegal they should be punished a punishment matched to their crime. I have other things to do.
When I arrive everyone is there looking at me. I'm late. Buzz off people, it's not like you're perfect. Today's the closing arguments. Steven gets to go first.
Steven: "Today is the final day of the second trial of Drury Walker, aka Killer Moth. One of Gotham's many criminals, but not one of the brightest. He claims to have been under 'mind-control,' but the defense has yet to provide any substantial proof. All we have is the word of the accused, and the word of the man who is paid to defend him. Yet there is video proof, and the testimony of a witness that Mr. Walker is guilty. Video evidence, that convicts Mr. Walker. You all saw it on the screen. He robbed the bank, but didn't get away, so he got in trouble. And what do you do when you get in trouble? You blame it on someone or something else. Every single time anyone gets in trouble, they blame it on something. Whether it be on their rough day, their health or physical condition, or the fact that 'they started it,' everyone always blames someone, or something, else. Every time. Because they do not want to suffer the consequences of their own actions. So they blame. And this time, ladies and gentlemen, is no different. Thank you."
Playing that card, eh Malone. I know because it's the exact same card I used for other cases of henchmen for the bigger gangs. It worked, every time. And now it's being used against me. Just goes to show how fair Gotham City is. Now it's my turn to contradict myself.
Harvey: (clears throat) "We live in a changing world. Everyday, something new arrives on our doorstep. A couple years ago it was masked vigilantes fighting crime. Then costumed criminals, then metahumans with insane abilities. Yet one aspect that has been around for awhile is telepathy. Some of you may not believe in telepathy, or mind-control, but look around. Look at recent events. They've been around for what feels like forever. If you were to read the news today, I'll bet there will be at least one article that relates to telepathy or someone with telepathic powers. It's real. And on September 17th it was real too. Now, we may only have a couple of testimonies, but we can't exactly go ask the mind-controlling psyco for the truth. And this is the truth: Drury Walker was controlled by Psimon, the same telepath who controlled numerous criminals, to rob Gotham National Bank. He wasn't in control. Someone else took over his mind, and forced him to rob that bank. Someone else, who did this to many other people at the same time. Controlling them to do his bidding. And that's all there is too it. Thank you."
I sit down, hoping the jury believes me. We get dismissed so they can go make their decision, a decision that decides which direction a man's life will go. They come back about an hour after they left, with their choice.
Judge: "Ladies and Gentlemen of the jury, have you made your decision?"
First Jury: "Yes, your honor."
Judge: "And how do you find the defendant?"
-----------------------------------
Trial is over. Now it's decision time. I've tagged the jury in the photo, but if you aren't tagged yet still want to comment whether or not you believe Drury Walker is guilty, feel free. Though if you do there is one condition: please read the rest of the trials (issues 4, 5, and 7) so you hear all the angles included. The time to decide ends 24 hours after this was posted. I will tally up the votes, and whichever side has more is the verdict (I know it's not how real juries work, but that's how I'm doing it). Thank you for reading, and let the decision-making begin.
EDIT: Voting is now closed.
I had a case today that really brings home the idea that life is not like a video game. There is no reset button, no extra lives, and no âdo-overs.â The defendant was already a 5 time convicted felon with a record of Armed Robbery, Grand Larceny, and Assault. He had been before the court on 22 prior occasions for various crimes, almost all of them violent in nature. We had exhausted every program and treatment option available. There was no option left but to send him âupstateâ and commit him to the Dept. of Juvenile Justice. He is 11 years old.
Name: Reginald Stains alias Brown
Arrested for: not given
Arrested at: North Shields
Arrested on: 4 December 1915
Tyne and Wear Archives ref: DX1388-1-262-Reginald Stains AKA Brown
The Shields Daily News for 15 December 1915 reports:
âNORTH SHIELDS FALSE PRETENCES CASE. ACCUSED COMMITTED FOR TRIAL.
Reginald Ashley Staines (30), chief steward, of 23 Milton Terrace, was brought up on remand at North Shields today, charged with having obtained by false pretences on the 22nd Nov. from Joseph Randell, the sum of ÂŁ15 and on the 23rd ult. a further sum of ÂŁ7 from Joseph Randell and Ed. Perris and on the same date in a like manner, the sum of ÂŁ5 from William Manson Bews, with intent to cheat and defraud. Mr Frankham of Newcastle defended.
Joseph Randell of 40 Drummond Terrace stated that in the early part of November last defendant came to his shop and made reference to some previous groceries and wanted to open an account. On the 22nd October he ordered goods to be sent on board his ship. On the 22nd Nov. he wanted to cash a cheque for ÂŁ15. He said he had got married and wanted to go to Liverpool and witness gave him the ÂŁ15. Next day he again came to the shop and asked witness to cash another cheque for ÂŁ7 and he said he would send his account from Liverpool in settlement for some goods. Witness cashed the cheque. He presented the cheques on the 22nd and 23rd Nov. and they were returned on the 24th and 25th.
Mr Frankham: Defendant has had other dealings with you for groceries and provision? â Yes.
Mr Frankham: Have you cashed other cheques for him? One, for ÂŁ10, which was honoured.
Mr Frankham: If he had asked for the loan of a certain sum, would you have give him it? â No.
Mr Frankham: He never attempted to conceal where he was going to? â No.
Mr Frankham: You made no effort to get in touch with him? â Yes. Mr Perris went to his motherâs and could not get his address.
William Manson Bews, a tailor residing in Linskill Terrace, said that on the 23rd October the defendant came to his shop and ordered a frock suit, a jack suit, a double-breasted suit and a cap. He was dressed in a naval uniform and said the things had to be delivered to the Northumberland Arms. On the 22nd November he again came to the shop and asked for his account. He told witness he was a little short of cash. Witness gave him ÂŁ5 and the defendant made out a cheque for ÂŁ22 12s, in payment of the clothes and the money. The cheque was presented at Farrowâs Bank, Newcastle on the 24th and returned on the 26th. Witness still had all the clothes with the exception of the uniform.
George Graham Campbell of Farrowâs Bank said that no the 24th November the cheque produced, for ÂŁ15, was presented and returned, marked âN.S.â. On that date the defendant only had ÂŁ3 19s 6d in the bank. On the 25th November cheques for ÂŁ7 and ÂŁ22 12s were presented but the defendant only had a balance of ÂŁ1 19s 6d then.
Detective-Sergeant Radcliffe stated that from certain information received he went to Brighton, on the 3rd inst. and took the defendant into custody from the Brighton police. He was brought to North Shields and when questioned replied âThe only thing I can say is, the cheque must not have been metâ. When charged later he made no reply. The defendant pleaded not guilty.
Mr Frankham said the defendant had not the slightest intent to rob anybody of money. He had a banking account and being newly married and unwell, had gone away and given these cheques. He had about ÂŁ16 on board the ship and the officers were owing him about ÂŁ30. The defendant gave a cheque for ÂŁ1 on the 13th November as a donation to the YMCA. He had not tried to cover up any tracks and the officers on board HMS Satellite knew where he was.
The defendant, in giving evidence on his own behalf, said he was chief steward on HM Yacht Medusa II. The ship came into port on the 19th November and he had leave granted because he had been ill and he was going to be married. After the marriage he went to Liverpool and was there two days and he then went to London and Brighton. He sent his medical certificate to HMS Satellite. When he got the money from Mr Randell and Mr Bews he understood he had sufficient money in the bank to meet the cheques. Money was owing to him on board the ship but he could not say how much. He had no intention of defrauding the people.
The defendant was committed for trial at the Quarter Sessionsâ.
On 6 January 1916 at Northumberland Quarter Sessions Reginald Staines was acquitted on a charge of obtaining money by false pretences from tradesmen at North Shields.
These images are taken from an album of photographs of prisoners brought before the North Shields Police Court between 1902 and 1916 (TWAM ref. DX1388/1). This set is our selection of the best mugshots taken during the First World War. They have been chosen because of the sharpness and general quality of the images. The album doesnât record the details of each prisonerâs crimes, just their names and dates of arrest.
In order to discover the stories behind the mugshots, staff from Tyne & Wear Archives & Museums visited North Shields Local Studies Library where they carefully searched through microfilm copies of the âShields Daily Newsâ looking for newspaper reports of the court cases. The newspaper reports have been transcribed and added below each mugshot.
Combining these two separate records gives us a fascinating insight into life on the Home Front during the First World War. These images document the lives of people of different ages and backgrounds, both civilians and soldiers. Our purpose here is not to judge them but simply to reflect the realities of their time.
(Copyright) We're happy for you to share this digital image within the spirit of The Commons. Please cite 'Tyne & Wear Archives & Museums' when reusing. Certain restrictions on high quality reproductions and commercial use of the original physical version apply though; if you're unsure please email archives@twmuseums.org.uk.
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Hans Scholl of the White Rose Resistance on Trial
The White Rose (WeiĂe Rose) was a non-violent, intellectual resistance group in Nazi Germany which was led by five students and one professor at the University of Munich: Willi Graf, Kurt Huber, Christoph Probst, Alexander Schmorell, Hans Scholl and Sophie Scholl.
Hans and Sophie Scholl, as well as Christoph Probst were executed by guillotine four days after their arrest, on 22 February 1943. During the trial, Sophie interrupted the judge multiple times. No defendants were given any opportunity to speak.
from the garden
"Moreover, to the extent that the troopers were restraining Robinson from making
any future videotapes and from publicizing or publishing what he
had filmed, the defendants' conduct clearly amounted to an
unlawful prior restraint upon his protected speech."..."Robinson was simply
recording the activities of Pennsylvania state troopers as they
went about their duties on a public highway and its adjoining
berm."..."The activities of the police, like those of other
public officials, are subject to public scrutiny. Indeed, 'the
First Amendment protects a significant amount of verbal criticism
and challenge directed at police officers.' " Robinson v. Fetterman
Blogged: technorati.com/photos/tag/Tyranny
Name: Thomas Craigie
Arrested for: not given
Arrested at: North Shields Police Station
Arrested on: 2 November 1905
Tyne and Wear Archives ref: DX1388-1-79-Thomas Craigie
For an image of his accomplice Edwin Frankland see www.flickr.com/photos/twm_news/24815527135/in/album-72157....
The Shields Daily News for 9 November 1905 reports:
âLENIENTLY DEALT WITH.
Edwin F. Frankland (17), steamboatman, 41 Elsdon Street and Thomas Craigie (18), labourer, Bull Ring Stairs, were charged with being found on enclosed premises for an unlawful purpose on the 1st inst.
Miss Sarah Hall, a general dealer, residing and carrying on business in the Bull Ring, deposed to locking up her premises at 11.15 pm on the 31st ult. and being awakened by her sister at six oâclock the following morning and finding that the house had been entered.
Jane Hall, a sister of the prosecutrix, said that she awakened and saw Frankland standing in the door with a candle in his hand. She asked him what he wanted and he made no reply.
Sergeant Hall said that he apprehended Frankland at his house in Elsdon Street. In reply to the charge he said âCraigie forced open the shutters, drew the bolt, went inside and I followed. I struck a match and someone shouted out.â He apprehended Craigie in his motherâs house and he made no reply to the charge. The magistrates took a lenient view of the case, although the defendants pleaded guilty and dismissed the charge against them.â
These images are a selection from an album of photographs of prisoners brought before the North Shields Police Court between 1902 and 1916 in the collection of Tyne & Wear Archives (TWA ref DX1388/1).
This set contains mugshots of boys and girls under the age of 21. This reflects the fact that until 1970 that was the legal age of majority in the UK.
(Copyright) We're happy for you to share this digital image within the spirit of The Commons. Please cite 'Tyne & Wear Archives & Museums' when reusing. Certain restrictions on high quality reproductions and commercial use of the original physical version apply though; if you're unsure please email archives@twmuseums.org.uk.
Another Interesting Memorial in Salisbury Cathedral
Thomas Wyndham lord chancellor of Ireland, was born 27 December 1681, fourth and youngest son of John Wyndham of Norrington, Wiltshire, England, twice MP for Salisbury, and his wife Alice, daughter of Thomas Fownes of Dorset. He was also grandson of a notable English judge and cousin to a well known statesman of Anne's reign, Sir William Wyndham. His early education was in Salisbury school and possibly at Eton, though the epitaph he composed for himself later in life does not mention this. He entered Wadham College, Oxford (an institution which had been founded by a maternal ancestor) on 17 November 1698, aged sixteen, having previously enrolled in Lincoln's Inn on 11 July 1698. He first attended Wadham, however, and did not actually go to Lincoln's Inn till 1701. It appears that he left Oxford without a degree. While a law student he contracted smallpox but still qualified as a barrister in 1705. He was then appointed recorder of the close of Sarum in 1706. He also attended the trials of adherents to the Stuart Pretender around this time. His career between 1706 and his dispatch to Ireland in 1724 is not well documented, but it can be assumed that he enjoyed an active career at the bar in London.
Wyndham came to Ireland when appointed (9 December 1724) to succeed Sir Richard Levinge (qv) as chief justice of the common pleas, a post that Archbishop Hugh Boulter (qv) described as âone of the most easy stations among the judges hereâ (Philips & Faulkner, Letters written by . . . Hugh Boulter, i. 197). It is not apparent why Wyndham, specifically, was appointed to the Irish bench, but he may have had a powerful patron in the earl of Pembroke (qv), who controlled the pocket borough of Wilton, to which Wyndham had been elected a burgess the previous year. Appointment to the Irish privy council followed and he was subsequently elected a bencher of Lincoln's Inn. His appointment was part of a wider policy to appoint Englishmen to Irish offices after the âWood's halfpenceâ crisis. It was made easier by a disagreement between Alan Brodrick (qv), Lord Midleton, and William Conolly (qv) over the most suitable Irish candidate to be nominated to the post. Others appointed to Irish offices for the same reasons included Hugh Boulter, as archbishop of Armagh (1724), and Richard West (d. 3 December 1726) who became lord chancellor in place of Midleton (1725). Wyndham's judicial role led him to travel Ireland extensively while on circuit and also brought him into high political circles. Archbishop Boulter soon gained a good impression of him and, on Boulter's advice, Wyndham was appointed lord chancellor in succession to West by Robert Walpole in November 1726. The poet Ambrose Philips (qv) was made Wyndham's secretary, again with Boulter's encouragement.
By virtue of his position as lord chancellor, Wyndham became the second of three lords justices, consequently acting as co-governor of the kingdom on eight different occasions during the viceroy's absence, between 1726 and 1738. This role gave him a great influence on government patronage. He came to look favourably on converts from catholicism and on Irish-born candidates for advancement, which eventually put him at odds with Boulter. Aside from this Wyndham acted as speaker of the Irish house of lords, presiding over six sessions. These assorted offices meant that he played a major part in efforts to get legislation enacted. In this role he frequently sought to counteract the influence of the speakers William Conolly (qv) and Sir Ralph Gore (qv). Another parliamentary task he performed was the laying of the foundation stone for the new parliamentary buildings in College Green on 3 February 1729, alongside Conolly.
Wyndham was noted for his diligence and impartiality in the fulfilment of his judicial function, and he was honoured by the University of Dublin with a doctorate of laws honoris causa in 1730. The same year, he helped established Irish legal precedent when consulted on the case of Daniel Kimberly, an attorney who had been sentenced to death for abduction and had petitioned the lords justices, the lord lieutenant, and the king for mercy. The lord lieutenant consulted with the lords justices and agreed that mercy should not be granted. Wyndham then convened the Irish privy council, which also rejected the petition. This established the legal principle that petitions invoking the Irish prerogative of mercy could not thereafter be referred to England. Further honour followed on 17 September 1731, when he was created Baron Wyndham of Finglas . In April 1739 he presided as lord high steward at the trial of the 4th Baron Barry of Santry (1710â51) for murder and treason, finding the defendant guilty and sentencing him to death. This was the first trial of a lord by his peers in Ireland and consequently Wyndham was the first person to be appointed to the post of lord high steward in the kingdom. The Barry episode upset him greatly, however, and he retired three months later, aged 58, on the grounds of ill health. Wyndham then left for England on 8 September 1739, and settled in Salisbury, where he died unmarried on 14 November 1745; he left a considerable bequest to Wadham College. He was buried in Salisbury cathedral, under a notable funerary monument erected for him by Rysbrack. There is a portrait at Wadham College, Oxford.
"Building work on the court house had not yet started when the famous Battle of Red Cliffs erupted in March 1939. Hundreds of itinerant workers had converged on the town for the picking season; all were hard up and some penniless and reduced to begging for food. Conditions were wretched and many slept without blankets among the vines, tormented by mosquitoes. Because of bad weather, the harvest wasn't ready and no work was available.
Tempers flared on the evening of 11 March when five hundred rioters ran amok. Police failed to subdue them with fire hoses and batons and it needed reinforcements from Mildura to fire warning shots before the crowd dispersed. On the following Wednesday eighteen defendants faced the Red Cliffs bench on 86 charges. There were so many spectators the venue was moved from the Methodist Hall to the Diggerland Theatre (the name reflects the town's origins as a soldier settlement) and the court sat without a break until 6 pm.
Inevitably, police blamed the riot on a small group of 'communist agitators'. The worst of them, they said, was Louise Edwards who had incited the men to violence with her strident cries. During the hearing she heckled police witnesses. Dubbed the 'Queen of the Red Cliffs Riot', Edwards could not or would not pay her twelve pound fine, and served eight weeks' gaol instead.
The pickers' grievances were mostly legitimate and conditions improved after the riot. A labour bureau was arranged, and block-holders were made to provide shelter and camping places for their workers. The next year, pickers passing through Ouyen on their way to Mildura were even allowed to draw ten shillings sustenance - provided they did 51 hours' work for the local council, then left town promptly!
Due to wartime austerity, Red Cliffs Court House opened without fanfare on 18 July 1940, despite the lack of furniture and a jungle of weeds at the entrance. A shallow, tiled roof covers the courtroom while parapets conceal the flat, iron roofs of the ancillary rooms. In rendered brick, the building presents a stark, blockhouse appearance, emphasised by the horizontal bands and the bars to the windows. After an abortive closure in 1973, the courts ceased officially in 1989. Red Cliffs Historical Society now occupies the building."
Historic Court Houses of Victoria, by Michael Challinger
I've often wondered where the expression "A murder of crows" comes from. I thought you might like to know:
âA âmurderâ of crows is based on the persistent but fallacious folk tale that crows form tribunals to judge and punish the bad behavior of a member of the flock. If the verdict goes against the defendant, that bird is killed (murdered) by the flock. The basis in fact is probably that occasionally crows will kill a dying crow who doesnât belong in their territory or much more commonly feed on carcasses of dead crows. Also, both crows and ravens are associated with battlefields, medieval hospitals, execution sites and cemeteries (because they scavenged on human remains). In England, a tombstone is sometimes called a ravenstone.â
FIVE MORE SEA SHEPHERD VOLUNTEERS FOUND GUILTY OF COMPASSION
All five defendants appeared in the Danish Court today and pleaded not guilty as they do not recognize the Faroese
Pilot Whaling act as a legitimate law. And because of the Bern
Convention. All defendants declined to testify.
The Danish prosecutor requested hefty fines. No jail time was requested.
Frances Holtman: 60 000 krĂłnur
Rudy de Kieviet: 30 000 krĂłnur
Lawrie Thomson: 25 000 krĂłnur
Alice Rusconi Bodin: 25 000 krĂłnur
Tobias Boehm: 25 000 krĂłnur
The Prosecutor wants the confiscation of all camera equipment.
The camera is the most powerful weapon ever invented and this campaign is illustrating just that. The guns of the Danish frigate are powerless against the cameras of Sea Shepherd.
The Prosecutor is not asking for jail time and Sea Shepherd volunteers have no intention of paying the fines so we suspect that next Wednesday a deportation will be ordered.
There will be more volunteers, more arrests, more fines that won't be paid and more deportations but the pressure will continue.
November 21st, 2042
A couple of hours after getting taken away by the Court of Owls, Batman awakens in a cell at an unknown location. Before heâs able to recover from the effects of the sedatives he got hit with and regain his strength two people dressed in black clothes, wielding sharp and gold-colored weapons, enter his cell and order him to follow them. As he struggles to stand up he notices that the exoskeleton from his suit has powered down, making it much more difficult to move around at all and leaving him in no shape to stand up against them. He complies and follows the one figure as the other one takes position behind him. After walking for a short while they end up in a long hallway, with a red carpet on the floor, expensive furniture on either side of the hall and large paintings hanging from the walls. Batman takes a look at the wall decorations and notices that every single painting features a person holding a strange owl-shaped mask in front of their face. Thereâs a door at the end of the hallway, guarded by two people wearing the same outfit as the ones escorting him. They open the door for them, giving way to a spacious and empty courtroom. Behind the judgeâs desk stands a giant wooden statue of an owl, decorated with gold accents and lit with candles around it. On the sides of the room are several giant windows, all covered with dark red curtains which prevents any natural light from entering the place. Only Helena is sitting in the room, tied to a chair at the defendantâs table.
Batman gets escorted into the room and forced to sit on the chair next to Helena as he gets restrained as well. Before he can ask his daughter if sheâs okay, the gates of the courtroom swing open as a group of masked individuals march into the room. They all silently take a seat on the public benches behind the two right as the jury enters the room as well, conveniently all wearing the same owl-shaped mask too. As they all sit down at the exact same time Helena begins nervously looking around her, intimidated by the situation she is now in. A door inside the giant owl statue opens, out of which a judge appears. Batman notices the judge seems to be the same person who appeared in the Wayne Tower and ordered them to come to the Court in the first place. He takes a seat, breaks the silence by slamming his hammer on the table and demands order in the courtroom, starting their trial against Batman and Robin.
The judge starts by telling about the Court of Owls, explaining how they have been around since Gotham was established decades ago. For years they managed to rule the city from the shadows, killing anyone who found out about their existence or opposed them using a group of specifically trained assassins called the Talons. When a certain masked vigilante began running around Gotham they didnât see him as a threat at first. Finding that having him assassinated by the Talons would be a bit excessive they instead opted to orchestrate a series of events which would lead to a deranged serial killer by the name of Zsaz escaping from Arkham. Knowing that the Batman would take it upon himself to go after him, they hoped that he wouldnât stand a chance against the killer and get killed while fighting him. However, they found themselves astonished as Batman managed to defeat Zsaz with ease, something they had not taken into consideration. Realizing the danger of him running around Gotham they considered ordering the Talons to murder him, but changed their mind after he coincidentally started targeting several of their opponents. The Court then decided to willingly let Batman fight the criminal world of Gotham without interfering, only stepping in if he accidentally stumbled upon them or started targeting them. All the while, the Court continued to influence the city from the shadows.
Roughly 5 years later, a long series of unfortunate events led to the Dark Knight retiring. With the Batman no longer being a possible threat to the Court, they decided to start spreading out their influence more while making certain their existence was kept a secret. Over the decades, dozens of wannabe vigilantes hoping to step into the footsteps of the Dark Knight started to make their way onto the streets. As rumors of a secret underground society who are secretly controlling Gotham started leaking, many of them started to seek them out and found their way right on the doorstep of the Court. In order to preserve their secret they were forced to murder everyone who stood in their way, having to cover up the assassinations to not arouse any suspicions. After decades of doing this the Court of Owls decided they could not continue covering up the disappearances of teen vigilantes, deciding to take action by making a statement by taking down the Dark Knight. Upon discovering his identity and tracking him down using the help of a deranged Edward Nigma and a frail Hugo Strange, they began orchestrating a long plot in order to get him to put on the suit again. One of the Talons assassinated Selina and left behind evidence to make him suspect the Joker, knowing this would motivate him to return to Gotham to investigate. By using a tiny improvised explosive device hidden within the playing card they hoped to detonate it while he was holding it within Arkham. However, they did not account for Batman giving the card to Joker himself, which allowed him to survive the blast and only killed the Clown Prince of Crime along with the other Arkman inmates. After so many years, they decided enough was enough; it was time to put him on trial in front of the Court of Owls for standing in their way too much.
Batman barely has any time to process what he just heard as the crowd and jury start shouting how they think they are guilty. Thereâs no way they would win a case against a kangaroo court like this; their decision was already made way before the trial started. The judge slams his hammer down again, silencing the chaos as he prepares to read his verdict. Due to being found guilty of interfering with the plans of the Court of Owls, Batman and Robin get sentenced to death at the hands of the Talons right now. The judge asks if he has anything to say about his verdict, but cuts him off right as he is about to speak up. The spectators and jury start cheering and clapping as two of the Talons walk into the courtroom, each entering on opposite sides of the room. They take their positions in front and behind the two, unsheathing their golden weapons to prepare for battle. One member of the Court gets ordered to untie the Dynamic Duo in order to make the odds more fair as the rest of the crowd prepares to watch as the Batman finally gets taken down by the Court of Owls after so many years.
The Talon behind Batman strikes first and stabs him in the back, but his armor prevents the blade from piercing through his skin. He manages to reactivate his exosuit and turns around, ready to fight again as he pulls out a Batarang from his belt. His enemy strikes again, aiming for the exposed skin around his mouth instead, but Batman manages to deflect it with his own weapon. He uses the opportunity to slice the Talon in the arm, although this doesnât phase him. Batman holds his hand in front of his face and casts a glance at the spectators, seeing they are all silently toasting for their demise with expensive drinks in their hands. His short distraction gives the Talon an opportunity to successfully hit him, but Helena deflects the attack at the last moment with her own weapon stick. He compliments her for being able to stand her ground against their opponents before continuing the battle. The Talon starts attacking more and more fiercely, slowly managing to weaken Batmanâs defenses while coming closer to getting a successful strike on him. He tries his best to keep up with him, but Batman slowly starts to become weaker and weaker with every attack. Right as he is about to slash the Dark Knight in the face, the leader of the Court suddenly commands the assassins to stop attacking. Unsure of what to do, the Talons lay down their weapons for a moment as they watch what their leaderâs intentions are right now. He mutters something about hearing a weird noise outside as he walks towards the window and lifts up the curtains. Batman tries to get a glimpse of the outside world to locate their hideout if they manage to get out, but he soon picks up the sound outside too; he hears the loud revving of an engine in the distance slowly coming towards them, accompanied by the sound of a car horn. The crowd gathers around the window to see what the commotion is about, but quickly runs away in terror as the Batmobile crashes through the wall at full speed.
Pieces of debris rain down everywhere as the vehicle comes to a screeching halt right in front of Batman and Robin. Chaos ensues in the room as each member of the Court desperately tries to make their escape, terrified of the imposing black vehicle which just crashed through the wall of their hideout. The door opens as the person driving the Batmobile beeps the horn, prompting them to jump inside. Batman kicks the Talon in front of him to the ground and hits the other one in the chest with several batarangs to give them a window to escape. He and Helena jump inside the Batmobile as he takes control of the steering wheel, closing the door right before the Talons can make their way inside. He puts his boot on the gas pedal and activates the rocket booster in order to make their escape from the Court. As they are driving through the streets of Gotham early in the morning, Barbara appears on one of the screens of the console, asking if they are alright. She explains that she left the Wayne Enterprises building for a short moment to check up on her case at the GCPD, but when she returned she saw the camera footage of them getting abducted. Although it was impossible for her to track them down at first since the Court of Owls covered up almost all of their tracks, Batman reactivating his high-tech suit set off a GPS signal which allowed her to pinpoint their location. With the help of a new modification to the Batmobile she was able to remotely control the armored vehicle for a while to reach the place and to help them escape.
Helena sighs of relief, tired of the confrontation they just went through when she says that they mustâve escaped the Court by now. However, right after she says this the two feel something landing on the roof of the Batmobile. Before they can react, one of the Talonâs golden weapons cuts through the armored material like butter, making an opening for himself to enter the vehicle. Batman stands up from his seat and orders Helena to drive despite her not having any driving experience yet as he deals with the Talon standing in the cramped open space in the back of the Batmobile. He makes his way towards him, feeling the cold morning air cut through his skin while he begins punching his enemy. After hitting him a couple of times the Talon catches his fist inside his hand, landing a couple of strikes on his face and damaging his cowl before Batman kicks him right in the stomach. The impact of the kick makes him land hard on the cold floor of the Batmobile, but before he can recover Batman leaps on top of him and starts pounding him in the head. He stops for a short moment to charge up his exosuit for a bigger punch, but the vehicle suddenly making a sharp turn to get outside of Gotham, makes him miss the Talon and denting the floor instead. While he recovers and tries to get another punch in, the other Talon lands on the front of the car and begins damaging the engine. Helena makes a couple more sharp turns in an effort to get him off the car but all it does is make Batman lose his balance, giving him a disadvantage in the fight. As smoke begins coming from the engine Helena loses control of the vehicle, prompting Batman to abandon the fight to prevent them from going off the road. However, he is too late; before he can do anything, the Batmobile crashes through the guardrail on the ride of the road, sending them all tumbling down a hill.
When Helena regains consciousness, she feels herself getting dragged out of the wreckage which was once the Batmobile. Pieces of wreckage are scattered everywhere as the smell of smoke fills her nose. Once she is at a safe distance away from the wreck, she is able to properly see the damage; the Batmobile is laying upside down with a fire having erupted in the engine as several important components of the car have been damaged or broken off. Suddenly, she notices one of the Talons crawling away from the wreck. His outfit has been torn and burned, with him being unable to walk because of the crash. Batman sees him too, and begins slowly walking towards him. The Talon notices this and for the first time he hears one of them speak as he begins pleading for him to put him out of his misery. Batman stays silent for a while before telling him to go back to the Court. He wants him to relay a message to them, warning that it will take much more than this to take down Batman. They tried their best to get rid of him, and they failed. If they try this again, he won't be taken by surprise like this time and warns that he will do whatever it takes to take down the entire Court by himself. The Talon begins crying out that the Court of Owls will just murder him for this fiasco, but Batman ignores him and turns around leaving him on his own. He calls Barbara to pick them up as he puts an arm around Helena, complimenting her for what she did today as the Batmobile continues to burn down behind them.
Roughly a week has passed since the incident with the Court. Despite Bruce and Barbaraâs best efforts, they haven't managed to track down the Court again; upon returning to the place where he was taken to to be put on trial, he only found an empty and abandoned building with all of the furniture and decorations taken away. Barbara has taken the wreckage of the Batmobile back to the Wayne Enterprises building, developing plans to rework the vehicle into something else instead of simply rebuilding it.
During a boring evening at the Wayne Building, the regularly scheduled tv programme gets interrupted by a newsflash; A terrorist going by the name of Bane, suspected to be the person responsible for getting a majority of Gotham addicted to Venom, has attacked the Gotham Stock Exchang. In a publicly broadcasted video he revealed to have gotten his hands on a decaying neutron bomb which is set to detonate this Christmas Eve. In his video he directly challenged the Dark Knight, saying that he is only willing to stop the bomb from exploding if he manages to defeat him. Confident that he can save Gotham once more, Bruce suits up and sets out to bring down Bane. Helena offers to join to help take him down, but Batman declines as he fears not going to him alone could have severe consequences. Without being able to use the Batmobile to get around for the time being, he climbs to the top of the building and decides to make use out of his new experimental cape glider. He leaps off the structure as he spreads out his cape, which folds out in the shape of the wings of a bat allowing him to glide to the financial district.
After gliding for a while, Batman lands on top of the glass roof of the Stock Exchange building giving him a good look at the situation. Right below him he can make out the figure of Bane, surrounded by several of his goons, all guarding the neutron bomb. He uses a Batarang to cut a hole into the glass to grant him access into the building. After jumping down the hole he lands right in front of Bane, quickly alerting him of his presence. This is the first time he has gotten a good look at the terrorist; before him stands a very big and muscular man, wearing a black luchador-esque mask which conceals his face. Batman catches a glimpse of a big tank filled with Venom on his back with tubes attached to it, all injected straight into his skin and mask. His goons, all having taken some of the strength-enhancing drugs as well, point their guns at the Dark Knight but Bane tells them to lower their weapons. After telling them to step back he stretches out his arms, challenging the Dark Knight to a one-on-one fight. Batman agrees, taking off his utility belt and preparing for the fight. He laughs, his voice muffled by the mask, asking himself if he will be a match to him or if he will go down as easily as his other opponents as Batman charges towards him.
Batman strikes first, getting in several powerful blows, but it doesnât even seem to phase his opponent. He pauses for a short moment and tries to continue the fight, but Bane catches his hand before it can hit him. Batman hears something crack when he clenches his fist, feeling that his glove has been damaged. Before he can recover, Bane grabs him with both arms and headbutts him with a lot of force. The blow almost makes him lose his balance, but his opponent grabs him by the throat before he falls to the ground and punches him right in the face several times. Batman starts to taste blood in his mouth but is unwilling to give up so easily. He releases himself from Baneâs grip and tackles him to the ground, using all his strength to kick him in the face several times. Again, his opponent is unperturbed by his attempts to fight back, simply taking the blows without flinching. As Bane doesn't fight back Batman becomes overconfident for a moment, not noticing as his arm reaches out for his leg. He grabs a hold of it and janks it towards him, making him fall to the ground again.
ââYou know, I used to admire you. Hearing all about your heroics back when I was growing up motivated me to be better than I already was. But now that I am not a bright-eyed and naive child anymore, Iâm finally able to see you for what you really are; A pathetic elderly man, having to rely on some high-tech suit to even attempt to compete with me!ââ
Bane raises his fists in the air, bringing them down with full force on the chest of the Dark Knight. Although his suit absorbs most of the strike to prevent his ribs from breaking upon impact, Batman still feels the pain from his attack and notices the armor on his chest having shattered.
ââOver the years, I've dreamt of being the one who would kill the legendary Batman. However, I have recently come to the conclusion that killing you would only end your agony and silence your shame.ââ
He attempts to fight back again and gathers his strength to reply to his opponentâs comments, but Bane silences him with a nasty kick in the gut before he can do so.
ââI don't think you quite know who I am. Iâm not some scarecrow or a riddler. Iâm not a jester or a clown! Iâm not a flightless bird nor a cryogenic scientist! And most importantly, i am not some rich guy playing dress-up!ââ
Bane begins continuously stomping Batman in the face, slowly cracking open his mask more and more with each kick. By the time his cowl has been completely destroyed Batman has been knocked unconscious, having collapsed after all of the attacks.
ââ I AM BANE! AND I WILL BREAK YOU!ââ
As his goons cheer him on, Bane picks up the defeated body of the Dark Knight and raises it over his head. He slowly spins around like heâs showing a trophy to his friends, reveling as the realization that he has become the one to truly break the Bat begins to set in. Batman regains consciousness, but only just in time to feel himself getting driven down towards the ground as he collides with Baneâs knee.
With one nasty snap, he quickly finds his body in anguish as his spine has completely shattered. Bane drops him to the ground and commands his henchmen to take the bombs and go away, taking the broken mask of the Dark Knight with him as a trophy before leaving himself as well. Batman tries to move, but becomes terrified when he notices that he is unable to even move. With this one attack, Bane has paralyzed the Bat.
Quite some time passes before someone arrives to pick up the wounded Bruce. He gets taken to the Wayne Building instead of a hospital in order to preserve his secret identity, where he gets hooked up to some medical equipment to keep him alive. As the days pass by, Gotham begins to decay more and more into chaos as the threat of a neutron bomb decimating the city gets closer. Each attempt made by the police force to disarm the explosive has led to nothing, leading to many of the cityâs residents deciding to get out while they still can. Despite Bruce being in no state at all to fight back against Bane, he stubbornly refuses to leave the city as he believes his back will he recovered enough before the bomb is set to go off. Along with this he also feels personally responsible for letting this happen and does not want Gotham to fall under his watch.
Less than a week is now left before the bomb is set to go off. Bane had taken his bomb to the city centre, where his henchmen are guarding him all day to prevent anyone from interfering with his plan. With no sign of his spine recovering in the slightest, Helena and Barbara are urging Bruce to leave the city with them, as they know nobody else is left to stop him. Barbara is close to converting the damaged Batmobile to an airborne vehicle and tells him it could be fit to get them out of there. However, he does not want to hear any of it and keeps insisting that he can find a solution. In an old scientific report about the Venom drug he read some time ago, he noticed it stating that taking the drug can completely heal severe wounds within moments. With his mind set on this new opportunity to save Gotham he asks Barbara to get him a sample of the substance, hoping this will put him in a position to fight back again. Despite her hesitation she agrees to do so, although she warns him that this is only a short-term solution for a permanent problem for him.
When she returns, Bruce has removed the armor from his arms and prepared a new suit to help him control himself while under the effects of the drug. Barbara reluctantly hands him a syringe filled with Venom, but before she does so she tells him that the scientific reports he read left out some important details. It's true that taking Venom can heal severe and permanent injuries in a matter of moments, but the catch is that once the drugâs effects have worn off the injuries will just return, sometimes getting even worse as a result. Bruce tells her he is more than willing to sacrifice himself if it means that he is gonna be able to save Gotham once more as he grabs the syringe out of her hand. Before any of them can react, he slams the needle into his skin and presses the plunger down allowing the substance to enter into his bloodstream. Bruce feels the effects hitting him almost instantly, and before he knows it he finds himself able to stand on his own again. While he struggles to keep himself from succumbing to the drugâs effects he puts on a new suit; an outfit plated with a gold-colored metal and with a reinforced cowl and cape. Ready for battle, he makes his way to the newly designed Batwing to take himself to the city center to face off against Bane.
----------------------
TĂŞte Jaune Cache is an unincorporated rural area and the site of an important abandoned historic town in British Columbia, Canada. Its population is approximately 500. It is located on the Fraser River in the Robson Valley at the intersection of Yellowhead Highways 5 and 16. TĂŞte Jaune Cache is located 18 km north of Valemount, B.C., 101 km west of Jasper, Alberta, 241 km east of Prince George, B.C., and 332 km north of Kamloops, B.C., by road. TĂŞte Jaune Cache was named after a MĂŠtis fur trader and trapper named Pierre Bostonais who guided for the Hudson's Bay Company in the 1800s. Bostonais was nicknamed TĂŞte Jaune by the French-speaking voyageurs because of his blonde hair. (TĂŞte jaune is French for "yellow head")
Tete Jaune Post Office was opened - 23 April 1912. About 3 miles southeast along CNR, Henningville Post Office was opened - 1 June 1913. Tete Jaune Post Office was closed - 15 January 1917; Henningville Post Office was renamed Tete Jaune Cache Post Office - 1 July 1917. The post office was closed - 20 January 1967.
LINK to a list of the Postmasters who served at the HENNINGVILLE Post Office - recherche-collection-search.bac-lac.gc.ca/eng/home/record... and the TETE JAUNE CACHE Post Office - recherche-collection-search.bac-lac.gc.ca/eng/home/record...
- sent from - / TETE JAUNE CACHE / MR 23 / 50 / B.C / - split ring cancel - this split ring hammer (A1-1) was proofed - 13 July 1917 - (RF C).
- sent by - Chas. Blackman / TĂŞte Jaune Cache / B.C.
Charles Blackman
(b. 23 April 1911 in Jefferson County, Ohio, United States â d. 15 October 1998 at age 87 in Prince George, British Columbia, Canada / McBride, British Columbia) - occupation - trapper / fur industry - LINK to his death certificate - search-collections.royalbcmuseum.bc.ca/Image/Genealogy/0d...
His wife - Helen Elizabeth Jayne Abigail (nee Rathbone) Blackman
(b. 24 July 1924 in Rocky Mountain House, Alberta â d. 16 October 1997 at age 73 in Fort St. John, British Columbia, Canada / Hudson Hope, British Columbia) - occupation - school support worker - LINK to her death certificate - search-collections.royalbcmuseum.bc.ca/Image/Genealogy/7a...
Her father - Charles Ernest Rathbone - (March 1957) Charles Ernest Rathbone, 83, died at his home in Tete Jaune, near McBride. He came from the United States in 1910 and lived in various parts of B.C. and Alberta. For the past 11 years Mr. Rathbone has farmed in the Tete Jaune district. He is survived by his widow and 12 children. LINK to his Find a Grave site - www.findagrave.com/memorial/188246770/charles-ernest-rath...
This was posted on the Family Search website - Charles Ernest Rathbone was living with his family in Muldoon, Idaho, in the 1900s, where he was arrested for horse stealing, convicted, and sentenced to be hung. The night before the scheduled hanging, his father and brothers broke into the jail and helped him escape. He fled to Canada where he reportedly married and had three sons. Nothing more is known of him. This same statement was also found in - Rathbone Family History - Page 29 - www.michaelrathbun.org/12-1992/12-002.pdf
I spent hours trying to confirm the Family Search statement on Charles Ernest Rathbone - this is what I found. State of Idaho vs. Ernest Rathbone (67 Pac., 186). Defendant was convicted of the crime of grand larceny in the District Court of the Fourth Judicial District, Lincoln county, and sentenced to a term of seven years in the state penitentiary. Affirmed December 16,
1901. LINK to the complete trial - cite.case.law/idaho/8/161/
The information on this case at bar states: âThat one Ernest Rathbone, on the fourteenth day of August, A. D. 1900, in the county of Lincoln, and state of Idaho, did then and there feloniously steal, take and drive away two mares, the personal property of another.
Clipped from - The Idaho Statesman newspaper - Boise, Idaho - 17 December 1901 - LINK to the complete newspaper article - Charles Ernest Rathbone Must Remain in the Penitentiary - www.newspapers.com/clip/117277119/charles-rathbone-must-r...
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Addressed to: Utility Thrift Store / 228 Logan Ave. / Winnipeg / Canada - LINK - www.newspapers.com/clip/117248326/utility-thrift-store-22...
Our Lady of the Treille [trellis] [traola]
The trellis could be the link that unites the Flemish and the French.
Then, if you look at the Flemish translation of Virgin Mary, it's Maagd Marie, but Maagd isn't Virgin Mary but rather Magdalena...Marie Magdalena .... Maagd should be also a link that unites Jesus with his presumed wife Maagd or, better still, with Isis, who carries Osiris as the Widow and her sisterhood. Now that's a beautiful vine, isn't it?
Juice of the treillis is a quote⌠Popularised during the Renaissance, the expression refers to the trellis, a method of growing vines that consists of growing the stock against a wall or trellis like a pergola. Wine is the juice extracted from the grapes harvested on these trellises, and the expression became part of everyday language at a time when the work of trellis-makers, the art of garden carpenters, was becoming more widespread. Wine occupies a very important place in the great revealed religions of Judaism, Christianity and Islam. It is a reminder of the Promised Land during the blessing of the Jewish Sabbath, one of the two species under which Christ became flesh, and the divine drink reserved for the elect in Allah's paradise.
Drawing on various sacred texts, theology, exegesis, sacred history and history itself, Georges FerrĂŠ, as an erudite historian, explores the influence of the fruit of the vine, both in the religious imagination and in rituals and daily life. The soul of wine: it can be perceived through a chronological journey, from Noah to the 21st century, where it brings to life the great figures of the Bible, the Koran and the city - patriarchs, prophets, theologians, bishops, monks, kings, princes, caliphs, imams, but also the great crowd of anonymous people - through banquets, liturgies and customs.
Present in all the texts of the three religions, the juice of the grapevine thus appears to be the drink that fosters a culture of cross-fertilisation between all the children of Noah, capable of creating a rapprochement with the other, surpassing oneself and, for some, merging with Elsewhere.
The trellis is perhaps a link to unite the country of Lille, which is also called Rijsel. Nicknamed in France the "Capital of Flanders", Lille and its surroundings belong to the historical region of Romance Flanders, a former territory of the county of Flanders that is not part of the linguistic area of West Flanders. A garrison town (as evidenced by its Citadel), Lille has had an eventful history from the Middle Ages to the French Revolution. Very often besieged during its history, it belonged successively to the Kingdom of France, the Burgundian State, the Holy Roman Empire of Germany and the Spanish Netherlands before being definitively attached to the France of Louis XIV following the War of Spanish Succession along with the entire territory making up the historic province of French Flanders. Lille was again under siege in 1792 during the Franco-Austrian War, and in 1914 and 1940. It was severely tested by the two world wars of the 20th century during which it was occupied and suffered destruction. A merchant city since its origins and a manufacturing city since the 16th century, the Industrial Revolution made it a great industrial capital, mainly around the textile and mechanical industries.
Textile is also a form of yarn lattice to become this treillis.
The stained glass was inspired by a statue of the Virgin Mary, known as Our Lady of the Treille, which was housed at the Collegiate Church of St. Peter from the beginning of the 13th century and has since been the object of devotion and veneration. The statue is described by Charles Bernard, parish priest of the Church of St. Catherine, as a statue of stone "a little more than two and a half feet high; she has a scepter in her right hand, and from her left she supports the baby Jesus on her knees." He mentions a trellis of gilded wood surrounding the statue and its pedestal, and specifies that the old trellis made of gilded iron was lost in 1792 during the destruction of the Collegiate Church of St. Peter. He speculates that this trellis is what gave the statue its name, although it is more likely that the name came from Treola, a place existing in the 9th century in what is now Lille.
Three series of miraculous events are associated with the statue, occurring in 1254, from 1519 to 1527, and from 1634 to 1638. The miracle of 1254 was the healing of the patients who resorted to her intercession. The miracles in the 16th century were varied and included deliverance from demonic possession, hernias, blindness, paralysis and plague. In 1254, a confraternity of Our Lady of the Treille was canonically established by Pope Alexander IV, and since 1259, an annual procession in honor of Our Lady of the Treille was held, a practice which continued until the French Revolution. In 1634, Jean Le Vasseur, mayor of Lille, consecrated the city to Our Lady of the Treille.[8] In 1667, Louis XIV, who had just taken Flanders, took an oath to respect the freedoms of Lille before the statue.`
Lady of the Weft:
Invisible Weft developed by Patrick Burensteinas in the 1990s, is a vibratory method to act on the flow of information in our body.
Scientist and alchemist, inspired by ancient traditions, his work on matter led him to develop and apply to humans this technique resulting from the findings he had made (observed) in his research. It highlights a plan of information necessary for the proper functioning of the body. This plan can be represented in the form of a canvas like the weft threads of a fabric, hence the name given to the technique. On this frame circulates the information necessary for each cell, for each organ to enable it to carry out its functions. The harmonious flow of information is the basis of our balance and health. A disturbance of this circulation can lead to disorders, imbalances, even discomfort.It is a question of restoring the flow of information, which can be disturbed by obstacles, most often emotions, conscious or not. These obstacles can manifest themselves in the form of tension, pain, fatigue, instability, anxiety, malaise... The session helps to circulate information in the body in a harmonious way. The person who receives the Weft is dressed, she is lying on her back. The practitioner places his hands on the person and performs a sequence of 16 codified gestures, lasting approximately 45 minutes, by a subtle touch on the trunk, feet and head. This sequence is in no way similar to a massage.
There is a gradual release of emotions, allowing a better flow of information. After a treatment, it usually follows a state of calm which allows the rebalancing and the integration of the session.
The Weft can continue to rebalance for 3 weeks after a session.
Trame sessions will ideally be spaced 3 or 4 weeks apart in order to promote harmonious circulation and allow the body to self-regulate.
After a few sessions of Treilis , the benefits commonly observed are:
appeasement
Release of excess emotions
Clarification
Ability to make choices and decisions
Emergence of new potentials
www.la-trame.com/quest-ce-que-la-trame/
The trellis like the cosmo-telluric networks, mentioned from the 17th century, appear as an invisible network covering the Earth, which tightens near the poles and widens as it approaches the equator. They are not composed of tangible matter, but energy necessary for life on earth, they constitute an interface between the "forces from below", telluric, and the "forces from above", cosmic. Their origin remains mysterious: they would be the vibratory emanation of the metals present in the earth's core, mainly nickel and iron. The core of the earth is also called NIFE in French: nickel "NI" and fer "FE". Moreover, these walls of energy take root deep in the earth and rise vertically, crossing all obstacles. The two main networks considered are Hartmann and Curry. Dr. Ernst Hartmann, father of the "global network" established that in our latitudes, these meshes cross every two meters in the north-south direction, and every 2.50 m in the east-west direction.
These networks are able to conduct the harmfulness of other sources of negative energy, such as the electrical circuit of your house, or a fault... But for those who know how to handle them, networks can be of great use. The builders of Catholic churches of the 20th - 13th century knew how to use all forms of energy, whether telluric or cosmic, the Egyptians also knew how to handle the lifelines of our planet.
It seems that this network was already known in ancient Greece, among the Etruscans, Celts, Gauls and Romans.
www.sourcier-geobiologie-67.com/2021/05/05/les-rĂŠseaux-c...
These stained glass were located so that they would fall over underground water streams and/or crossings. Usually there would be a Hartmann and/or a Curry crossing at the same location. Hartmann and Curry lines form part of electromagnetic global networks.
Networks and Other Singularities
Definitions
It is well known that our planet is covered by many electromagnetic networks: Romani, Peyre, Palms, Hartmann, Curry, Wissman, etc⌠Most are generated by metals, in the heart of the earth, in conjunction with the cosmic forces. Some are beneficial, such as gold, silver and copper, while some are neutral and others are detrimental to our health (Hartmann, Curry, Wissman, etcâŚ). Underground water streams criss-cross the interior of the upper crust, acting as the blood supply of the planet. The water molecules friction with the earth generates a number of physical phenomena: increase in gamma rays and infra-red radiation, electric and magnetic fields and radio frequencies. These effects cause some minor problems at first, followed eventually by serious illnesses. Our forefathers knew this and used stones, strategically placed to neutralize the negativity (Stonehenge in England and Carnac in France).
Faults are caused by rock plates separating, slipping or grinding one against the other. At times, differences in materials (rock and sand, or clay and sand, etcâŚ) create a fault. Through faults noxious gases can seep to the surface (radon). The faults have negative effects on man/animals/plants in a manner similar to water.
Routing the Energy Underground
As for many artefact, Notre Dame de la Teilles has a network of underground streams that gather energy from the front and directs to the back.
www.geobiology.co.il/en_US/larchitecture-invisible/
Egypt and the Pharaohs were well versed in the use of the pendulum. Records in the form of drawings made on this stained glass, show that Magda or Isis priest were using pendulums made of wood and of stone. Lady of the Treillis is shown in the most popular in flemish picture as holding one stick.
The frame therefore has a double meaning, sometimes alchemical to explain the hoslistic function of Notre-Dame-de-la-Treillis, or rather humanistic and perhaps eugenic by creating a common frame for new immigrants to blend into a healthy body.
After the destruction of the Collegiate Church of St. Peter, which had been badly damaged during the Austrian siege of 1792 before being demolished in the French Revolution, the statue largely fell into oblivion. It was bought by a sexton, Alain Gambier, who placed it in the Church of St. Catherine, where it remained between 1797 and 1802. It was not until 1842 that Charles Bernard, parish priest of the Church of St. Catherine, restored the cult of Our Lady of the Treille and tried to strengthen it again: he instituted the month of Mary, patron saint of Lille, and had the statue placed in the Chapel of the Blessed Virgin of St. Catherine's Church. The celebration in great pomp of the secular jubilee of the first miracles of Our Lady of the Treille, in 1854 constituted a decisive step in this restoration work. The restoration project is also believed to have been marked by providence, due to the unexpected acquisition of the land on which the new church in honor of the Lady of the Treille would be built, making it possible to lay the church's foundation stone before the end of the jubilee celebration.
The Creation of the Diocese
In the middle of the 19th Century, in spite of the size of the town and the growing population of the surrounding region, Lille did not have its own bishop, but belonged to the Archdiocese of Cambrai. While proposals to create a new diocese for Lille and its surrounds had been made in the past, they had not been successful. In 1852, however, the Lille deputy Charles Kolb-Bernard recommended the creation of a new diocese, which would cover the districts of Lille, Dunkirk, and Hazebrouck, in a public report entitled IntĂŠrĂŞts communaux de la ville de Lille. An anti-Republican Legitimist and a spokesperson for the protectionist upper bourgeoisie, Kolb-Bernard was dedicated to the moralisation of the working class at a time when social tensions were exacerbated by mass immigration from Belgium and the impoverishment of large parts of the population due to industrialisation; he saw the creation of a new bishopric as a means to "re-Christianise" a population largely denied the spiritual relief of religion. The cause was likewise taken up by the lawyer Armand Prat in his 1856 memoir, Thoughts on the Creation of a Bishopric of Lille.
The creation of the new bishopric also involved financial and linguistic considerations. The Diocese of Cambrai covered, in effect, two distinct linguistic areas, with Flemish the majority language in the north-west, due in part to the heavy immigration from nearby Belgium. Indeed, a few decades later in 1896, a report found that 25% of the residents of Lille did not hold French citizenship, and of these more than 98% were Belgium, mainly from Flemish-speaking Flanders. From the 1870s, the Flemish represented two fifths of the population of Wazemmes and half of the population of districts such as Moulins and Fives, and the town of Roubaix. From a financial perspective, the growing population was anticipated to provide a substantial income to a new diocese, while the expenses of the creation would fall primarily on the state.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lille_Cathedral
Le vitrail dans cette ancienne maison de Roncq date de la fin du 19° siècle. Il reprĂŠsente la vierge posĂŠe sur une treille qui symbolise les liens entre le monde profane et le monde spirituel. Le dessin du vitrail est inspirĂŠ dâune statue qui a donnĂŠ son nom Ă la cathĂŠdrale de Lille. La statue miraculeuse fait l'objet d'une dĂŠvotion particulière Ă Lille depuis le xiiie siècle. La treille resemble Ă un rĂŠseau invisible , appelĂŠ ĂŠgalement rĂŠseau diagonal.
Quelle. sens donner Ă cette. treille?
1 La treille comme une trame du Monde invisible.
Dans la mythologie grecque, les Moires (en grec ancien ÎÎżáżĎιΚ / MoĂŽrai) sont trois divinitĂŠs du Destin : Clotho (ÂŤ la Fileuse Âť), LachĂŠsis (ÂŤ la RĂŠpartitrice Âť) et Atropos (ÂŤ l'Inflexible Âť). Elles sont associĂŠes aux cycles cosmiques, aux grandes dĂŠesses de la nature, de la vĂŠgĂŠtation et de la fertilitĂŠ. Clotho c'est. un peu la dentelle flamande connue aujourd'hui comme dentelle de Bruge mais aussi comme signe distinctif de la haute sociĂŠtĂŠ mĂŠdiĂŠvale, LachĂŠsis c'est la Vierge rĂŠparatrice et Atropos ressemble Ă un JĂŠsus inflexible sur sa destinĂŠe... VoilĂ un fil rouge conducteur ou un fil cousu d'or. La. treille divine est. nul n'ĂŠchappe Ă son destin... peut-ĂŞtre?
Selon les alchimiste de la renaissance, il existe une treille-trame qui serait. une mĂŠthode vibratoire permettant dâagir sur la circulation de lâinformation dans notre organisme. La Dame Ă la treille est peut-ĂŞtre inspirĂŠ par dâanciennes traditions, les travaux sur la matière (l'âme Ă tiers) ĂŠlaborent une. treille ou trame et on peut l'appliquer Ă lâhumain . C'est une technique rĂŠsultant des constatations (observĂŠes) dans les recherches, elles mettent en ĂŠvidence un plan dâinformation nĂŠcessaire au bon fonctionnement du corps. Ce plan peut se reprĂŠsenter sous la forme dâun canevas tels les fils de trame dâun tissu, dâoĂš le nom donnĂŠ Ă la technique. Sur cette trame circule lâinformation nĂŠcessaire Ă chaque cellule, Ă chaque organe pour lui permettre dâassurer ses fonctions. La circulation harmonieuse de lâinformation est la base de notre ĂŠquilibre et de la santĂŠ. Une perturbation de cette circulation peut entraĂŽner des dĂŠsordres, des dĂŠsĂŠquilibres, voire du mal-ĂŞtre. Il sâagit de rĂŠtablir la circulation de lâinformation, qui peut ĂŞtre perturbĂŠe par des obstacles, le plus souvent des ĂŠmotions conscientisĂŠes ou non.
Ces obstacles peuvent se manifester sous forme de tensions, douleurs, fatigue, instabilitĂŠ, anxiĂŠtĂŠ, mal-ĂŞtre⌠La sĂŠance contribue Ă faire circuler lâinformation dans le corps de façon harmonieuse. Nous traversons dans nos vies des ĂŠvĂŠnements susceptibles de gĂŠnĂŠrer des ĂŠtats ĂŠmotionnels particuliers, ces derniers peuvent nous dĂŠsorienter et rĂŠduire notre capacitĂŠ Ă prendre des dĂŠcisions fonctionnelles. Nous disposons naturellement de mĂŠcanismes (thermique et dynamique) tels que la transpiration ou encore le mouvement qui permettent de dissiper les ĂŠmotions accumulĂŠes. Si nous dissipons le surplus ĂŠmotionnel, lâĂŠquilibre est prĂŠservĂŠ. Mais, dans le cas oĂš nous ne parvenons pas Ă exprimer ces ĂŠmotions (colère, tristesse, peursâŚ.), alors celles-ci restent ÂŤ prisonnières Âť, sâimpriment dans notre corps et crĂŠent des blocages qui entravent la circulation harmonieuse et fluide de lâinformation. La sĂŠance de Trame nâimplique pas nĂŠcessairement de revivre les ĂŠmotions Ă lâorigine des blocages. La personne qui reçoit la Trame est habillĂŠe, elle est allongĂŠe sur le dos. Le praticien pose les mains sur la personne et rĂŠalise une sĂŠquence de 16 gestes codifiĂŠs, de 45 minutes environ, par un toucher subtil sur le tronc, les pieds et la tĂŞte. Cette sĂŠquence ne sâapparente en aucun cas Ă un massage. Il sâopère une libĂŠration progressive des ĂŠmotions, permettant une meilleure circulation de lâinformation.
Après un soin, il sâensuit le plus souvent un ĂŠtat dâapaisement qui permet le rĂŠĂŠquilibrage et lâintĂŠgration de la sĂŠance. La Trame peut continuer Ă se rĂŠĂŠquilibrer pendant 3 semaines après une sĂŠance. Les sĂŠances de Trame seront idĂŠalement espacĂŠes de 3 ou 4 semaines afin de favoriser une circulation harmonieuse et de permettre au corps de sâauto-rĂŠguler.
Après quelques sÊances de Trame, les bienfaits couramment observÊs sont :
Apaisement
LibĂŠration du surcroĂŽt dâĂŠmotions
Clarification
CapacitĂŠ Ă faire des choix et prendre des dĂŠcisions
Ămergence de nouveaux potentiels
www.la-trame.com/quest-ce-que-la-trame/
Trois sÊries de faits miraculeux sont associÊes à Notre-Dame-de-la-Treille, en 1254, de 1519 à 1527 et de 1634 à 16383. Le miracle du 14 juin 1254 est une vertu de guÊrison pour les malades recourant à son intercession4. Ceux du xvie siècle sont très variÊs.  Particulièrement redoutable aux dÊmons , la Vierge à la Treille dÊlivre des possessions et guÊrit des maladies incurables, hernies, cÊcitÊ, paralysie ou peste.
fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/CathĂŠdrale_Notre-Dame-de-la-Treille.
2 La treille comme es rÊseaux cosmo-telluriques, mentionnÊs dès le XVII° siècle, se prÊsentent comme un maillage invisible recouvrant la Terre, qui se resserre près des pôles et s'Êlargit à l'approche de l'Êquateur. Ils ne sont pas composÊs de matière palpable, mais ÊnergÊtique nÊcessaires à la vie sur terre, ils constituent une interface entre les "forces d'en bas", telluriques, et les "forces d'en haut", cosmiques. Leur origine reste mystÊrieuse : ils seraient l'Êmanation vibratoire des mÊtaux prÊsents dans le noyau terrestre, principalement du nickel et du fer. Le noyau de la terre est Êgalement appelÊ NIFE en français : nickel "NI" et fer "FE". Par ailleurs, ces murs d'Ênergie prennent racine profondÊment dans la terre et s'Êlèvent à la verticale, traversant tous les obstacles. Les deux principaux rÊseaux pris en compte sont Hartmann et Curry. Le Dr Ernst Hartmann, père du  rÊseau global  a Êtabli que sous nos latitudes, ces mailles se croisent tous les deux mètres dans le sens nord-sud, et tous les 2,50 m dans le sens est-ouest.
Ces rĂŠseaux sont capables de conduire la nocivitĂŠ d'autres sources d'ĂŠnergies nĂŠgatives, comme le circuit ĂŠlectrique de votre maison, ou une faille... Mais pour qui sait les manier, les rĂŠseaux peuvent ĂŞtre d'une grande utilitĂŠ. Les bâtisseurs d'ĂŠglises catholiques du XX° - XIII° siècle savaient utiliser toutes les formes d'ĂŠnergies, qu'elle soit d'ordre tellurique ou cosmique, les Ăgyptiens aussi savaient manier les lignes de vie de notre planète.
Il semble que ce rĂŠseau ĂŠtait dĂŠjĂ connu en Grèce antique, chez les Ătrusques, les Celtes, les Gaulois et les Romains.
Le Dr Ernst Hartmann (1915-1992) est considÊrÊ comme le père de la gÊobiologie moderne.
Lors de ses annÊes de pratique en tant que mÊdecin, il constate un taux de mortalitÊ supÊrieur chez des patients installÊs dans certains lits, et que cela se rÊpète sur plusieurs Êtages, au même emplacement. Dès 1948, avec son frère ingÊnieur Êlectronicien, il dÊcide de se consacrer de façon intensive à des recherches en radiesthÊsie et gÊobiologie. Il rÊalise alors de nombreuses Êtudes avec l'objectif d'analyser l'influence du lieu de vie au niveau biologique, notamment à l'aide de tests biophysiques.
Il dĂŠcouvre que selon l'endroit oĂš se trouve le ÂŤ cobaye Âť, son organisme rĂŠagit diffĂŠremment, et met en ĂŠvidence une baisse de la qualitĂŠ magnĂŠtique du sang en zone perturbĂŠe ainsi qu'un changement de vitesse de sĂŠdimentation.
 Toute maladie est souvent un problème de lieu de vie , dÊfendit-il toute son existence. Le docteur en mÊdecine allemand Manfred Curry (1899 - 1953) a dÊcouvert le rÊseau Curry, appelÊ Êgalement rÊseau diagonal. Il consiste en un maillage orientÊ en diagonale, à 45 degrÊs par rapport au rÊseau Hartmann, et de 4 à 8 mètres de large. Si le rÊseau Harmann est la "signature" du nickel, le rÊseau Curry est celui du fer.
www.sourcier-geobiologie-67.com/2021/05/05/les-rĂŠseaux-c...
3 Le Jus de la Treille.
PrĂŠsent dans tous les textes des trois religions, le jus de la treille apparaĂŽt ainsi comme la boisson qui favorise une culture de mĂŠtissage entre tous les enfants de NoĂŠ, susceptible de crĂŠer rapprochement avec l'autre, dĂŠpassement de soi et, pour certains, fusion avec l'Ailleurs.
Le jus de la treille câest donc un autre nom donnĂŠ Ă la vigne. PopularisĂŠe Ă la Renaissance, l'expression renvoie Ă la treille, une mĂŠthode de conduite de la vigne qui consiste Ă faire pousser et grandir le cep contre un mur ou un treillage comme une pergola. Le vin ĂŠtant le jus extrait des raisins cueillis sur ces treilles, l'expression s'est installĂŠe dans le langage courant Ă cette ĂŠpoque oĂš s'est dĂŠmocratisĂŠ le travail des treillageurs, l'art des menuisiers de jardin.
La mythologie ĂŠgyptienne associe le vin au culte d'Osiris, Dieu de la vie après la mort, symbole du renouveau de la vie mais c'est le Dieu RĂŞ, Dieu du soleil et le crĂŠateur du monde qui introduit le vin sur terre afin de prĂŠserver le genre humain de la colère de la dĂŠesse Hathor. Il te faut imaginer Isis portant Osiris en regardant cette Marie portant JĂŠsus. Alors tu veux dire quâ une treille relie lâhistoire de Isis et de Marie? Une autre treille relie Marie Ă MagdalĂŠna, oui la femme oubliĂŠe de JĂŠsus, une essĂŠnienne venue dâĂgypte en suivant un flux dâor jusquâaux Saintes Marie de la Mer en Provence. Penses-tu pas que le Saint Empire Romain Germanique ĂŠtait bien prĂŠsent ici entre Amsterdam et la Sicile? Maagd en flamand ça ressemble vraiment Ă MagdalĂŠna.
Revenons aux Egyptiens car ils apprÊciaient la  douceur  du vin mais sa consommation Êtait limitÊe car le vin, ayant un caractère sacrÊ, Êtait principalement utilisÊ dans les cÊrÊmonies religieuses et à l'usage exclusif des prêtres hiÊrophante. En Chine pareillement, seul les poètes peuvent en user pour communiquer avec leur âme. L'âme du vin est un thème central pour la comprÊhension des poèmes persans. L'esprit de la treille ou jus de cerveau? On voit l'idÊe d'un lien invisible qui relie la destinÊe pour interagir dans le monde profane d'ici bas.
Le vin occupe une place très importante dans les grandes religions rÊvÊlÊes que sont le judaïsme, le christianisme et l'islam. Il est rÊminiscence de la Terre promise lors de la bÊnÊdiction du shabbat juif, l'une des deux espèces sous lesquelles le Christ se fait chair,et enfin plus tard en forme de synthèse des deux prÊcÊdentes, la boisson divine rÊservÊe aux Êlus dans le paradis d'Allah.
Après si tu regardes la traduction de Vierge Marie en flamand câest Maagd Marie, Maagd câest pas Vierge mais plutĂ´t MagdalenaâŚMarie Magdalena âŚ. Madeleine voilĂ aussi un lien qui unifie JĂŠsus Ă sa prĂŠsumĂŠe femme Maagd ou mieux Ă Isis qui porte Osiris comme la Veuve et sa fraternitĂŠ. VoilĂ un belle treille non?
La statue du jus de la treille sera retenue en loge comme thème fÊdÊrateur de Lille qui accueille beaucoup d'Êtranger venu y travailler. Charles Kolb-Bernard a probablement compris l'intÊrêt symbolique de l'âme de la Treille. Le jus de la Treille c'est aussi une autre boisson que la bière flamande, c'est. d'ailleurs reliÊ aux lys de Louis XIV le destructeur de la Grand Place et. fÊdÊrateur des frontières avec Versailles et Paris. La "Maagd" Magdalena. devient amoureuse du Lys. et du fils sacrÊ. Les anciens initiÊs de Anvers remontent dans un secret bien gardÊ. Maagda c'est Isis. et Osiris est portÊ comme un petit mâle sur ces genoux, il va ressusciter.
La trame possède donc un double sens, tantôt alchimique pour expliquer la fonction hoslistique de Notre-Dame-de-la-Trame, ou plutot humaniste et peut-être eugÊniste en fabriquant un trame commune aux nouveaux imigrants pour se fondre dans un corps sain.
C'est tout Lille qui va ressusciter dans une boisson sacrÊ qui en France ne. pousse qu'au sud de la Loire. Le jus de la Treille sera un thème fÊdÊrateur pour tous les. travailleurs Êtrangers.
On va construire une cathĂŠdrale autour de cette. treille magique.
Historiquement cette affaire de treille est dĂŠcrite ainsi officiellement et pour le monde profane:
La collĂŠgiale Saint-Pierre aurait abritĂŠ la statue de Notre-Dame de la Treille pendant plus de six cents ans. La statue de la vierge avec sa treille a servi de lien pour promouvoir la crĂŠation d'un siège ĂŠpiscopal Ă Lille, qui appartenait alors Ă l'archidiocèse de Cambrai, La crĂŠation dâune cathĂŠdrale Ă Lille fut jugĂŠe indispensable pour asseoir le statut de capitale religieuse de la ville et disposer des ressources nĂŠcessaires Ă la moralisation d'une population ouvrière qui ne cessait de croĂŽtre sous les effets de la rĂŠvolution industrielle. La consommation de masse et lâalcoolisme sont apparus en mĂŞme temps que la rĂŠvolution industrielle concomitante Ă notre vitrail.
Le projet de lâĂŠdification de la cathĂŠdrale fut portĂŠ par une commission qui rĂŠunissait des reprĂŠsentants du clergĂŠ et de la haute bourgeoisie industrielle crĂŠĂŠe en 1853 par Charles Kolb-Bernard, vĂŠritable chef laĂŻc du catholicisme lillois.
La vierge Ă la treille est dĂŠcrite par Charles Bernard, curĂŠ de l'ĂŠglise Sainte-Catherine, comme une statue en pierre polychrome " haute d'un peu plus de deux pieds et demi, elle tient un sceptre de la main droite et de la main gauche l'Enfant JĂŠsus sur son genou ". Il mentionne que la statue a un piĂŠdestal entourĂŠ d'un treillis de bois dorĂŠ. Il prĂŠcise que l'ancien treillage ĂŠtait en ferronnerie dorĂŠe, mais qu'il a disparu en 1792 lors de la dĂŠmolition de la collĂŠgiale Saint-Pierre. On suppose que le treillis autour de la statue servait Ă fixer les vĹux et les dons votifs des fidèles, d'oĂš le nom de la statue. Une autre possibilitĂŠ est qu'elle ait ĂŠtĂŠ nommĂŠe d'après un lieu appelĂŠ Treola. Ce lieu est mentionnĂŠ au 9e siècle près de l'endroit oĂš naĂŽtra ensuite Lille. L'iconographie de la statue n'est pas totalement inconnue dans la rĂŠgion. Une statue de Marie au schĂŠma iconographique similaire ĂŠtait ĂŠgalement vĂŠnĂŠrĂŠe Ă Ypres sous la forme d'une Notre-Dame de Thuyne.
Il mentionne que ÂŤ la statue avec son piĂŠdestal est environnĂŠe d'un treillis en bois dorĂŠ Âť et prĂŠcise que l'ancienne grille, ou treille, en fer dorĂŠ, a ĂŠtĂŠ perdue en 1792 lors de la destruction de la collĂŠgiale Saint-Pierre. Il fait l'hypothèse que la ÂŤ treille Âť qui entourait la statue servait Ă y attacher les vĹux des fidèles et lui aurait donnĂŠ son nom, mais il est plus vraisemblable qu'il lui vienne de Treola, nom de lieu attestĂŠ au ixe siècle Ă proximitĂŠ de ce qui nâĂŠtait pas encore Lille.
Trois sÊries de faits miraculeux sont associÊes à la statue, en 1254, de 1519 à 1527 et de 1634 à 16383. Le miracle du 14 juin 1254 est une vertu de guÊrison pour les malades recourant à son intercession. Ceux du xvie siècle sont très variÊs.  Particulièrement redoutable aux dÊmons , la Vierge à la Treille dÊlivre des possessions et guÊrit des maladies incurables, hernies, cÊcitÊ, paralysie ou peste.
Dès 1254, une confrÊrie de Notre-Dame-de-la-Treille est Êtablie canoniquement par le pape Alexandre IV et, en 1269, une procession annuelle en l'honneur de Notre-Dame de la Treille est instaurÊe et se perpÊtue jusqu'à la RÊvolution. En 1634, Jean Le Vasseur, mayeur de Lille, consacre la ville à Notre-Dame de la Treille et c'est devant elle qu'en 1667, Louis XIV, qui vient de prendre la Flandre, prête serment de respecter les libertÊs des Lillois.
Après la destruction de la collĂŠgiale Saint-Pierre, fortement endommagĂŠe lors du siège autrichien de 1792 avant d'ĂŞtre livrĂŠe aux dĂŠmolisseurs, la statue tombe dans l'oubli. Elle est achetĂŠe par un sacristain, Alain Gambier, qui la fait dĂŠposer Ă lâĂŠglise Sainte-Catherine entre 1797 et 1802, oĂš elle est relĂŠguĂŠe dans une obscure chapelle.
Ce n'est qu'en 1842 que le père Charles Bernard, devenu curÊ de la paroisse Sainte-Catherine, rÊtablit le culte de Notre-Dame de la Treille et rêve de lui redonner toute sa vigueur : il institue le mois de Marie, patronne de Lille et fait placer la statue dans la chapelle de la Très Sainte Vierge de l'Êglise Sainte-Catherine.
La cĂŠlĂŠbration en grande pompe du jubilĂŠ sĂŠculaire des premiers miracles de Notre-Dame de la Treille, en 1854, constitue une ĂŠtape dĂŠcisive de cette Ĺuvre de restauration. D'autant qu'elle est marquĂŠe par un signe de la Providence, le dĂŠnouement de l'acquisition, ÂŤ contre toute prĂŠvision humaine Âť, du terrain sur lequel doit ĂŞtre bâtie une ĂŠglise en l'honneur de Notre-Dame de la Treille, qui permet de poser sa première pierre avant le terme de l'octave jubilaire, ÂŤ la veille de l'apothĂŠose mariale Âť.
Le projet de crÊation d'un diocèse à Lille.
Au milieu du xixe siècle, en dÊpit de la dimension de la ville et de l'importance croissante des communes environnantes, Lille n'est pas le siège d'un ÊvêchÊ et se trouve appartenir à l'archidiocèse de Cambrai. De fait, lorsque, à l'Êpoque du Bas-Empire romain, des Êvêques s'installent dans les civitates d'Arras, Cambrai, ThÊrouanne et Tournai, Lille n'existe pas encore. Lors de sa fondation, au xie siècle, elle relève du diocèse de Tournai. Un diocèse de Lille aurait pu voir le jour entre 1559 et 1561, lorsque Philippe II dÊcide de crÊer de nouveaux diocèses aux Pays-Bas pour endiguer la RÊforme. Dès cette Êpoque, l'importance Êconomique et dÊmographique de la ville aurait justifiÊ qu'elle devienne l'un d'entre eux, mais la proximitÊ de Tournai, amputÊ des archidiaconÊs de Gand et de Bruges ÊrigÊs en diocèses indÊpendants, ne le permet pas.
En 1667, Louis XIV prend Lille et, en 1713, les traitÊs d'Utrecht tracent de nouvelles frontières qui coupent en deux les diocèses d'Ypres, Tournai et Cambrai. Pour rÊsoudre ce problème de juridictions diffÊrentes au sein d'un même diocèse, l'intendant de Flandres, Charles d'Esmangart, propose en 1785 la crÊation d'un ÊvêchÊ s'Êtendant de Dunkerque à Saint-Amand-les-Eaux, dont le siège serait Êtabli à Lille. Les mÊmoires se succèdent jusqu'en 1788, mais la survenue de la RÊvolution ne permet pas au projet d'aboutir et, en 1790, c'est le diocèse de Cambrai, amputÊ de sa partie belge, qui est profondÊment remaniÊ pour Êpouser les contours du dÊpartement du Nord crÊÊ la même annÊe.
En 1852, le dÊputÊ lillois Charles Kolb-Bernard relance le dÊbat en faveur de la crÊation d'un diocèse qui couvrirait les arrondissements de Lille, Dunkerque et Hazebrouck dans un rapport public intitulÊ IntÊrêts communaux de la ville de Lille. Anti-rÊpublicain, lÊgitimiste, porte-parole de la haute bourgeoisie protectionniste, vÊritable chef du catholicisme lillois, Charles Kolb-Bernard est liÊ par alliance à la famille Bernard, l'une des plus anciennes de la grande bourgeoisie lilloise, à laquelle appartient Êgalement l'abbÊ Charles Bernard. VouÊ à la moralisation de la classe ouvrière alors que les tensions sociales s'exacerbent avec l'arrivÊe massive d'immigrants belges et la paupÊrisation d'une part croissante de la population suscitÊes par la rÊvolution industrielle, il voit dans l'Êrection d'un ÊvêchÊ le moyen privilÊgiÊ de  rechristianiser  une population largement privÊe du secours de la religion.
Si elle gagne en acuitÊ tout au long du siècle, la question sociale n'est pas nouvelle. Dès 1822, dÊfendant une dÊlibÊration sur l'Êrection d'un ÊvêchÊ à Lille que le conseil municipal adopte à l'unanimitÊ, son rapporteur, Gaspard Charvet-Defrenne, s'exclame :  NÊgociants, voulons-nous jouir en paix du fruit de nos travaux et de notre industrie ? Manufacturiers, voulons-nous que les vastes ateliers qui s'Êlèvent de toutes parts ne deviennent pas un jour la proie des incendiaires ? Voulons-nous qu'ils soient dirigÊs par des agents fidèles et incorruptibles ? PeuplÊs d'ouvriers sages et soumis ? Appelons la religion à notre secours, multiplions ses ministres afin qu'ils travaillent à civiliser religieusement cette population qui s'accroit, qui arrive en foule des pays voisins sur nos frontières et qui deviendrait, à la moindre instigation, au moindre mouvement, un foyer de dÊsordre et de rÊvolte .
à cet Êgard, l'avocat Armand Prat, qui reprend les arguments dÊveloppÊs par ses prÊdÊcesseurs dans un mÊmoire de 1856 intitulÊ ConsidÊrations sur la crÊation d'un ÊvêchÊ à Lille, assure que  dÊjà la religion, en multipliant ses moyens d'action, a produit d'heureux rÊsultats dans l'arrondissement. Cela est insuffisant. Il n'y aura de garantie sÊrieuse et assurÊe que lorsqu'elle agira d'une manière directe et continuelle sur les populations, par le ministère de l'Êvêque, son reprÊsentant le plus auguste ici-bas. 
Enjeu de reconnaissance du statut de capitale religieuse de la ville, la crÊation d'un siège Êpiscopal à Lille relève aussi de considÊrations linguistiques et financières. En effet, le diocèse de Cambrai, tout en longueur, couvre deux aires linguistiques, le flamand Êtant très prÊsent dans la partie nord occidentale, très ÊloignÊe du siège. Or,  le nombre de familles ouvrières parlant exclusivement le flamand est dÊjà très grand dans l'arrondissement [de Lille] et tend à s'accroitre de plus en plus, au point qu'il importe beaucoup qu'une partie notable du clergÊ parle cette langue, qui ne peut être apprise dans un âge avancÊ, et que ne parle pas d'ailleurs la classe dans laquelle le clergÊ se recrute⌠.
De fait, quelques dĂŠcennies plus tard, le dĂŠnombrement de 1896 fait ĂŠtat de près de 25 % de rĂŠsidents ĂŠtrangers dans l'arrondissement de Lille, ces derniers ĂŠtant Ă plus de 98 % de nationalitĂŠ belge, dont la plupart viennent de Flandre. Dès les annĂŠes 1870, les Flamands reprĂŠsentent deux cinquièmes de la population de Wazemmes et la moitiĂŠ dans des quartiers comme Moulins et Fives ou des villes comme Roubaix. Quant au point de vue matĂŠriel, d'une part, ÂŤ l'accroissement de population qui en rĂŠsulterait, le mouvement considĂŠrable de personnes qu'occasionneraient les retraites ecclĂŠsiastiques, les ordinations, les affaires quotidiennes, contribueraient Ă augmenter de manière permanente le revenu municipal Âť, tandis que d'autre part ÂŤ les dĂŠpenses seraient en grande partie Ă la charge du dĂŠpartement et de l'Ătat. Âť
La treille serait peut-être le lien qui permettrait de fÊdÊrer les flamands et les français.
fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cath%C3%A9drale_Notre-Dame-de-la-Tr...
Mariabeeld Notre-Dame de la Treille
Beeld Maagd Maria in de kathedraal
Het beeld van Notre Dame de la Treille is een Mariabeeld in de Noord-Franse stad Rijsel. Het beeld dateert uit het laatste kwart van de twaalfde eeuw en werd eerst in de Sint-Pieterskerk geplaatst. Momenteel wordt het beeldje vereerd in de Kathedraal Notre-Dame de la Treille.
Het beeldje wordt beschreven door Charles Bernard, priester van de Sint-Katrienkerk, als een polychroom stenen beeld ÂŤ van iets meer dan twee en een halve voet hoog, ze heeft een scepter in de rechterhand en met de linkerhand houdt ze het Christuskind op de knie Âť. Hij vermeldt dat het beeld een voetstuk heeft dat omringd is met een hekwerk (un treille) van verguld hout. Hij preciseert dat het oude hekwerk in verguld ijzerwerk was, maar verloren is gegaan in 1792 met de afbraak van de collegiale Sint-Pieterskerk. Vermoed wordt dat het hekwerk rondom het beeld diende om de wensen en votiefgaven van de gelovigen vast te maken en waardoor het beeld zijn naam kreeg. Een andere mogelijkheid is dat het genoemd is naar een plaats genaamd Treola. Deze plaats wordt genoemd in de 9de eeuw in de nabijheid van waar nadien Rijsel zou ontstaan. De iconografie van het beeld is in de regio niet geheel onbekend. Ook te Ieper werd in de vorm van een Onze-Lieve-Vrouw van Thuyne een Mariabeeld met een gelijkaardig iconografisch schema vereerd.
Er zijn een drietal mirakelcycli verbonden aan het beeld, in 1254, van 1519 tot 1527 en van 1634 tot 1683. Het mirakel van 14 juni 1254 is een genezing van zieken die gebeurde na tot het beeld gebeden te hebben. De mirakelen van de 16de eeuw zijn zeer gevarieerd. ÂŤ Als zijnde vermoedelijk het werk van demonen Âť bevrijdde Notre-Dame de la Treille bezettenen en genas zij ongeneeslijk zieken, verlamden en pestlijders. Sinds 1254 bestaat er een broederschap van Notre-Dame-de-la-Treille. Dit werk canoniek bevestigt door paus Alexander IV en in 1269 werd er een jaarlijkse processie ingesteld ter hare ere. Deze vond plaats tot aan de Franse Revolutie. In 1634 wijdde Jean Le Vasseur, burgemeester van Rijsel, zijn staat aan Notre-Dame de la Treille en voor haar zweert koning Lodewijk XIV de vrijheden van Rijsel te respecteren.
Nadat de Sint-Pieterskerk in 1792 zwaar beschadigd raakt door de Oostenrijkse belegering werd ze volledig afgebroken. Het beeld verging wat in de vergetelheid. Het Mariabeeld werd gekocht door de koster Alain Gambier die het plaatste in de Sint-Katrienkerk (vermoedelijk tussen 1797 en 1802), waar het een kwijnend bestaan kende in een obscure kapel. Het is pas in 1842 dat E.H. Charles Bernard, pastoor van de parochie Sint-Catharina, de cultus tot Notre-Dame de la Treille herstelde en ervan droomde haar oude grandeur te herstellen. Hij stelde een maand van Maria, patrones van Rijsel, in en plaatste het beeld in de kapel van de zeer Heilige Maagd Maria in de Sint-Katrienkerk. De zeer uitbundige viering van het eeuwfeest van de eerste mirakels in 1854 waren een definitieve stap in het herstel van deze devotie. Het werd dan ook als teken van de goddelijke Voorzienigheid beschouwd dat in die periode het terrein gekocht kon wordt waar men de nieuwe kerk ter ere van Notre-Dame de la Treille zou bouwen. Net op de octaafdag van deze feestelijkheden kon men de eerste steen leggen van de latere kathedraal van Rijsel, waar nadien het beeld zijn verering zou verderzetten
Name: Matthew Walls
Arrested for: not given
Arrested at: North Shields Police Station
Arrested on: 24 February 1908
Tyne and Wear Archives ref: DX1388-1-123-Matthew Walls
The Shields Daily News for 24 February 1908 reports:
âSTEALING MONEY FROM CHILDREN AT NORTH SHIELDS.
At North Shields Police Court today, Matthew Walls (13), residing at 20 Bath Street, South Shields, was charged with stealing on the 2nd inst. from a little girl named Gertrude Long, while in Saville Street, 1s in money.
PC Legg stated that on Saturday morning he was on duty in plain clothes in Saville Street keeping observation on the movements of the defendant for some time. He accosted five different children and when the little girl Long came along, he walked by her side and then snatched the 1s from her hand. He made off with the money, but witness gave chase and caught him in Church Way. He (witness) was placed in duty on Saville Street in consequence on numerous complaints concerning children being molested and money taken from them.
There were two more charges of a similar character preferred against the accused, but in one of the cases the complainant failed to identify the boy. Defendant admitted the theft in two cases and the magistrates ordered him to receive eight strokes with the birch rod. The father of the boy expressed the hope that the authorities would not spare the punishment".
These images are a selection from an album of photographs of prisoners brought before the North Shields Police Court between 1902 and 1916 in the collection of Tyne & Wear Archives (TWA ref DX1388/1).
This set contains mugshots of boys and girls under the age of 21. This reflects the fact that until 1970 that was the legal age of majority in the UK.
(Copyright) We're happy for you to share this digital image within the spirit of The Commons. Please cite 'Tyne & Wear Archives & Museums' when reusing. Certain restrictions on high quality reproductions and commercial use of the original physical version apply though; if you're unsure please email archives@twmuseums.org.uk.
Craters of the Moon National Monument and Preserve is a U.S. national monument and national preserve in the Snake River Plain in central Idaho. It is along US 20 (concurrent with US 93 and US 26), between the small towns of Arco and Carey, at an average elevation of 5,900 feet (1,800 m) above sea level.
The Monument was established on May 2, 1924. In November 2000, a presidential proclamation by President Clinton greatly expanded the Monument area. The 410,000-acre National Park Service portions of the expanded Monument were designated as Craters of the Moon National Preserve in August 2002. It spreads across Blaine, Butte, Lincoln, Minidoka, and Power counties. The area is managed cooperatively by the National Park Service and the Bureau of Land Management (BLM).
The Monument and Preserve encompass three major lava fields and about 400 square miles (1,000 km2) of sagebrush steppe grasslands to cover a total area of 1,117 square miles (2,893 km2). The Monument alone covers 343,000 acres (139,000 ha). All three lava fields lie along the Great Rift of Idaho, with some of the best examples of open rift cracks in the world, including the deepest known on Earth at 800 feet (240 m). There are excellent examples of almost every variety of basaltic lava, as well as tree molds (cavities left by lava-incinerated trees), lava tubes (a type of cave), and many other volcanic features.
Craters of the Moon is in south-central Idaho, midway between Boise and Yellowstone National Park. The lava field reaches southeastward from the Pioneer Mountains. Combined U.S. Highway 20â26â93 cuts through the northwestern part of the monument and provides access to it. However, the rugged landscape of the monument itself remains remote and undeveloped, with only one paved road across the northern end.
The Craters of the Moon Lava Field spreads across 618 square miles (1,601 km2) and is the largest mostly Holocene-aged basaltic lava field in the contiguous United States. The Monument and Preserve contain more than 25 volcanic cones, including outstanding examples of spatter cones. The 60 distinct solidified lava flows that form the Craters of the Moon Lava Field range in age from 15,000 to just 2,000 years. The Kings Bowl and Wapi lava fields, both about 2,200 years old, are part of the National Preserve.
This lava field is the largest of several large beds of lava that erupted from the 53-mile (85 km) south-east to north-west trending Great Rift volcanic zone, a line of weakness in the Earth's crust. Together with fields from other fissures they make up the Lava Beds of Idaho, which in turn are in the much larger Snake River Plain volcanic province. The Great Rift extends across almost the entire Snake River Plain.
Elevation at the visitor center is 5,900 feet (1,800 m) above sea level.
Total average precipitation in the Craters of the Moon area is between 15â20 inches (380â510 mm) per year. Most of this is lost in cracks in the basalt, only to emerge later in springs and seeps in the walls of the Snake River Canyon. Older lava fields on the plain have been invaded by drought-resistant plants such as sagebrush, while younger fields, such as Craters of the Moon, only have a seasonal and very sparse cover of vegetation. From a distance this cover disappears almost entirely, giving an impression of utter black desolation. Repeated lava flows over the last 15,000 years have raised the land surface enough to expose it to the prevailing southwesterly winds, which help to keep the area dry. Together these conditions make life on the lava field difficult.
Paleo-Indians visited the area about 12,000 years ago but did not leave much archaeological evidence. Northern Shoshone created trails through the Craters of the Moon Lava Field during their summer migrations from the Snake River to the camas prairie, west of the lava field. Stone windbreaks at Indian Tunnel were used to protect campsites from the dry summer wind. No evidence exists for permanent habitation by any Native American group. A hunting and gathering culture, the Northern Shoshone pursued elk, bears, American bison, cougars, and bighorn sheep â all large game who no longer range the area. The most recent volcanic eruptions ended about 2,100 years ago and were likely witnessed by the Shoshone people. Ella E. Clark has recorded a Shoshone legend which speaks of a serpent on a mountain who, angered by lightning, coiled around and squeezed the mountain until liquid rock flowed, fire shot from cracks, and the mountain exploded.
In 1879, two Arco cattlemen named Arthur Ferris and J.W. Powell became the first known European-Americans to explore the lava fields. They were investigating its possible use for grazing and watering cattle but found the area to be unsuitable and left.
U.S. Army Captain and western explorer B.L.E. Bonneville visited the lava fields and other places in the West in the 19th century and wrote about his experiences in his diaries. Washington Irving later used Bonneville's diaries to write the Adventures of Captain Bonneville, saying this unnamed lava field is a place "where nothing meets the eye but a desolate and awful waste, where no grass grows nor water runs, and where nothing is to be seen but lava."
In 1901 and 1903, Israel Russell became the first geologist to study this area while surveying it for the United States Geological Survey (USGS). In 1910, Samuel Paisley continued Russell's work and later became the monument's first custodian. Others followed and in time much of the mystery surrounding this and the other Lava Beds of Idaho was lifted.
The few European settlers who visited the area in the 19th century created local legends that it looked like the surface of the Moon. Geologist Harold T. Stearns coined the name "Craters of the Moon" in 1923 while trying to convince the National Park Service to recommend protection of the area in a national monument.
The Snake River Plain is a volcanic province that was created by a series of cataclysmic caldera-forming eruptions which started about 15 million years ago. A migrating hotspot thought to now exist under Yellowstone Caldera in Yellowstone National Park has been implicated. This hot spot was under the Craters of the Moon area some 10 to 11 million years ago but 'moved' as the North American Plate migrated northwestward. Pressure from the hot spot heaves the land surface up, creating fault-block mountains. After the hot spot passes the pressure is released and the land subsides.
Leftover heat from this hot spot was later liberated by Basin and Range-associated rifting and created the many overlapping lava flows that make up the Lava Beds of Idaho. The largest rift zone is the Great Rift; it is from this 'Great Rift fissure system' that Craters of the Moon, Kings Bowl, and Wapi lava fields were created. The Great Rift is a National Natural Landmark.
In spite of their fresh appearance, the oldest flows in the Craters of the Moon Lava Field are 15,000 years old and the youngest erupted about 2000 years ago, according to Mel Kuntz and other USGS geologists. Nevertheless, the volcanic fissures at Craters of the Moon are considered to be dormant, not extinct, and are expected to erupt again in less than a thousand years. There are eight major eruptive periods recognized in the Craters of the Moon Lava Field. Each period lasted about 1000 years or less and were separated by relatively quiet periods that lasted between 500 and as long as 3000 years. Individual lava flows were up to 30 miles (50 km) long with the Blue Dragon Flow being the longest.
Kings Bowl Lava Field erupted during a single fissure eruption on the southern part of the Great Rift about 2,250 years ago. This eruption probably lasted only a few hours to a few days. The field preserves explosion pits, lava lakes, squeeze-ups, basalt mounds, and an ash blanket. The Wapi Lava Field probably formed from a fissure eruption at the same time as the Kings Bowl eruption. More prolonged activity over a period of months to a few years led to the formation of low shield volcanoes in the Wapi field. The Bear Trap lava tube, between the Craters of the Moon and the Wapi lava fields, is a cave system more than 15 miles (24 km) long. The lava tube is remarkable for its length and for the number of well-preserved lava cave features, such as lava stalactites and curbs, the latter marking high stands of the flowing lava frozen on the lava tube walls. The lava tubes and pit craters of the monument are known for their unusual preservation of winter ice and snow into the hot summer months, due to shielding from the sun and the insulating properties of basalt.
A typical eruption along the Great Rift and similar basaltic rift systems starts with a curtain of very fluid lava shooting up to 1,000 feet (300 m) high along a segment of the rift up to 1 mile (1.6 km) long. As the eruption continues, pressure and heat decrease and the chemistry of the lava becomes slightly more silica rich. The curtain of lava responds by breaking apart into separate vents. Various types of volcanoes may form at these vents: gas-rich pulverized lava creates cinder cones (such as Inferno Cone â stop 4), and pasty lava blobs form spatter cones (such as Spatter Cones â stop 5). Later stages of an eruption push lava streams out through the side or base of cinder cones, which usually ends the life of the cinder cone (North Crater, Watchmen, and Sheep Trail Butte are notable exceptions). This will sometimes breach part of the cone and carry it away as large and craggy blocks of cinder (as seen at North Crater Flow â stop 2 â and Devils Orchard â stop 3). Solid crust forms over lava streams, and lava tubes (a type of cave) are created when lava vacates its course (examples can be seen at the Cave Area â stop 7).
Geologists feared that a large earthquake that shook Borah Peak, Idaho's tallest mountain, in 1983 would restart volcanic activity at Craters of the Moon, though this proved not to be the case. Geologists predict that the area will experience its next eruption some time in the next 900 years with the most likely period in the next 100 years.
All plants and animals that live in and around Craters of the Moon are under great environmental stress due to constant dry winds and heat-absorbing black lavas that tend to quickly sap water from living things. Summer soil temperatures often exceed 150 °F (66 °C) and plant cover is generally less than 5% on cinder cones and about 15% over the entire monument. Adaptation is therefore necessary for survival in this semi-arid harsh climate.
Water is usually only found deep inside holes at the bottom of blow-out craters. Animals therefore get the moisture they need directly from their food. The black soil on and around cinder cones does not hold moisture for long, making it difficult for plants to establish themselves. Soil particles first develop from direct rock decomposition by lichens and typically collect in crevices in lava flows. Successively more complex plants then colonize the microhabitat created by the increasingly productive soil.
The shaded north slopes of cinder cones provide more protection from direct sunlight and prevailing southwesterly winds and have a more persistent snow cover (an important water source in early spring). These parts of cinder cones are therefore colonized by plants first.
Gaps between lava flows were sometimes cut off from surrounding vegetation. These literal islands of habitat are called kÄŤpukas, a Hawaiian name used for older land surrounded by younger lava. Carey KÄŤpuka is one such area in the southernmost part of the monument and is used as a benchmark to measure how plant cover has changed in less pristine parts of southern Idaho.
Idaho is a landlocked state in the Mountain West subregion of the United States. It shares a small portion of the CanadaâUnited States border to the north, with the province of British Columbia. It borders Montana and Wyoming to the east, Nevada and Utah to the south, and Washington and Oregon to the west. The state's capital and largest city is Boise. With an area of 83,570 square miles (216,400 km2), Idaho is the 14th largest state by land area. With a population of approximately 1.8 million, it ranks as the 13th least populous and the 6th least densely populated of the 50 U.S. states.
For thousands of years, and prior to European colonization, Idaho has been inhabited by native peoples. In the early 19th century, Idaho was considered part of the Oregon Country, an area of dispute between the U.S. and the British Empire. It officially became a U.S. territory with the signing of the Oregon Treaty of 1846, but a separate Idaho Territory was not organized until 1863, instead being included for periods in Oregon Territory and Washington Territory. Idaho was eventually admitted to the Union on July 3, 1890, becoming the 43rd state.
Forming part of the Pacific Northwest (and the associated Cascadia bioregion), Idaho is divided into several distinct geographic and climatic regions. The state's north, the relatively isolated Idaho Panhandle, is closely linked with Eastern Washington, with which it shares the Pacific Time Zoneâthe rest of the state uses the Mountain Time Zone. The state's south includes the Snake River Plain (which has most of the population and agricultural land), and the southeast incorporates part of the Great Basin. Idaho is quite mountainous and contains several stretches of the Rocky Mountains. The United States Forest Service holds about 38% of Idaho's land, the highest proportion of any state.
Industries significant for the state economy include manufacturing, agriculture, mining, forestry, and tourism. Several science and technology firms are either headquartered in Idaho or have factories there, and the state also contains the Idaho National Laboratory, which is the country's largest Department of Energy facility. Idaho's agricultural sector supplies many products, but the state is best known for its potato crop, which comprises around one-third of the nationwide yield. The official state nickname is the "Gem State."
The history of Idaho is an examination of the human history and social activity within the state of Idaho, one of the United States of America located in the Pacific Northwest area near the west coast of the United States and Canada. Other associated areas include southern Alaska, all of British Columbia, Washington, Oregon, western Montana and northern California and Nevada.
Humans may have been present in Idaho for 16,600 years. Recent findings in Cooper's Ferry along the Salmon River in western Idaho near the town of Cottonwood have unearthed stone tools and animal bone fragments in what may be the oldest evidence of humans in North America. Earlier excavations in 1959 at Wilson Butte Cave near Twin Falls revealed evidence of human activity, including arrowheads, that rank among the oldest dated artifacts in North America. Native American tribes predominant in the area in historic times included the Nez Perce and the Coeur d'Alene in the north; and the Northern and Western Shoshone and Bannock peoples in the south.
Idaho was one of the last areas in the lower 48 states of the US to be explored by people of European descent. The Lewis and Clark expedition entered present-day Idaho on August 12, 1805, at Lemhi Pass. It is believed that the first "European descent" expedition to enter southern Idaho was by a group led in 1811 and 1812 by Wilson Price Hunt, which navigated the Snake River while attempting to blaze an all-water trail westward from St. Louis, Missouri, to Astoria, Oregon. At that time, approximately 8,000 Native Americans lived in the region.
Fur trading led to the first significant incursion of Europeans in the region. Andrew Henry of the Missouri Fur Company first entered the Snake River plateau in 1810. He built Fort Henry on Henry's Fork on the upper Snake River, near modern St. Anthony, Idaho. However, this first American fur post west of the Rocky Mountains was abandoned the following spring.
The British-owned Hudson's Bay Company next entered Idaho and controlled the trade in the Snake River area by the 1820s. The North West Company's interior department of the Columbia was created in June 1816, and Donald Mackenzie was assigned as its head. Mackenzie had previously been employed by Hudson's Bay and had been a partner in the Pacific Fur Company, financed principally by John Jacob Astor. During these early years, he traveled west with a Pacific Fur Company's party and was involved in the initial exploration of the Salmon River and Clearwater River. The company proceeded down the lower Snake River and Columbia River by canoe, and were the first of the Overland Astorians to reach Fort Astoria, on January 18, 1812.
Under Mackenzie, the North West Company was a dominant force in the fur trade in the Snake River country. Out of Fort George in Astoria, Mackenzie led fur brigades up the Snake River in 1816-1817 and up the lower Snake in 1817-1818. Fort Nez Perce, established in July, 1818, became the staging point for Mackenzies' Snake brigades. The expedition of 1818-1819 explored the Blue Mountains, and traveled down the Snake River to the Bear River and approached the headwaters of the Snake. Mackenzie sought to establish a navigable route up the Snake River from Fort Nez Perce to the Boise area in 1819. While he did succeed in traveling by boat from the Columbia River through the Grand Canyon of the Snake past Hells Canyon, he concluded that water transport was generally impractical. Mackenzie held the first rendezvous in the region on the Boise River in 1819.
Despite their best efforts, early American fur companies in this region had difficulty maintaining the long-distance supply lines from the Missouri River system into the Intermountain West. However, Americans William H. Ashley and Jedediah Smith expanded the Saint Louis fur trade into Idaho in 1824. The 1832 trapper's rendezvous at Pierre's Hole, held at the foot of the Three Tetons in modern Teton County, was followed by an intense battle between the Gros Ventre and a large party of American trappers aided by their Nez Perce and Flathead allies.
The prospect of missionary work among the Native Americans also attracted early settlers to the region. In 1809, Kullyspell House, the first white-owned establishment and first trading post in Idaho, was constructed. In 1836, the Reverend Henry H. Spalding established a Protestant mission near Lapwai, where he printed the Northwest's first book, established Idaho's first school, developed its first irrigation system, and grew the state's first potatoes. Narcissa Whitman and Eliza Hart Spalding were the first non-native women to enter present-day Idaho.
Cataldo Mission, the oldest standing building in Idaho, was constructed at Cataldo by the Coeur d'Alene and Catholic missionaries. In 1842, Father Pierre-Jean De Smet, with Fr. Nicholas Point and Br. Charles Duet, selected a mission location along the St. Joe River. The mission was moved a short distance away in 1846, as the original location was subject to flooding. In 1850, Antonio Ravalli designed a new mission building and Indians affiliated with the church effort built the mission, without nails, using the wattle and daub method. In time, the Cataldo mission became an important stop for traders, settlers, and miners. It served as a place for rest from the trail, offered needed supplies, and was a working port for boats heading up the Coeur d'Alene River.
During this time, the region which became Idaho was part of an unorganized territory known as Oregon Country, claimed by both the United States and Great Britain. The United States gained undisputed jurisdiction over the region in the Oregon Treaty of 1846, although the area was under the de facto jurisdiction of the Provisional Government of Oregon from 1843 to 1849. The original boundaries of Oregon Territory in 1848 included all three of the present-day Pacific Northwest states and extended eastward to the Continental Divide. In 1853, areas north of the 46th Parallel became Washington Territory, splitting what is now Idaho in two. The future state was reunited in 1859 after Oregon became a state and the boundaries of Washington Territory were redrawn.
While thousands passed through Idaho on the Oregon Trail or during the California gold rush of 1849, few people settled there. In 1860, the first of several gold rushes in Idaho began at Pierce in present-day Clearwater County. By 1862, settlements in both the north and south had formed around the mining boom.
The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints missionaries founded Fort Lemhi in 1855, but the settlement did not last. The first organized town in Idaho was Franklin, settled in April 1860 by Mormon pioneers who believed they were in Utah Territory; although a later survey determined they had crossed the border. Mormon pioneers reached areas near the current-day Grand Teton National Park in Wyoming and established most of the historic and modern communities in Southeastern Idaho. These settlements include Ammon, Blackfoot, Chubbuck, Firth, Idaho Falls, Iona, Pocatello, Rexburg, Rigby, Shelley, and Ucon.
Large numbers of English immigrants settled in what is now the state of Idaho in the late 19th and early 20th century, many before statehood. The English found they had more property rights and paid less taxes than they did back in England. They were considered some of the most desirable immigrants at the time. Many came from humble beginnings and would rise to prominence in Idaho. Frank R. Gooding was raised in a rural working-class background in England, but was eventually elected as the seventh governor of the state. Today people of English descent make up one fifth of the entire state of Idaho and form a plurality in the southern portion of the state.
Many German farmers also settled in what is now Idaho. German settlers were primarily Lutheran across all of the midwest and west, including Idaho, however there were small numbers of Catholics amongst them as well. In parts of Northern Idaho, German remained the dominant language until World War I, when German-Americans were pressured to convert entirely to English. Today, Idahoans of German ancestry make up nearly one fifth of all Idahoans and make up the second largest ethnic group after Idahoans of English descent with people of German ancestry being 18.1% of the state and people of English ancestry being 20.1% of the state.
Irish Catholics worked in railroad centers such as Boise. Today, 10% of Idahoans self-identify as having Irish ancestry.
York, a slave owned by William Clark but considered a full member of Corps of Discovery during expedition to the Pacific, was the first recorded African American in Idaho. There is a significant African American population made up of those who came west after the abolition of slavery. Many settled near Pocatello and were ranchers, entertainers, and farmers. Although free, many blacks suffered discrimination in the early-to-mid-late 20th century. The black population of the state continues to grow as many come to the state because of educational opportunities, to serve in the military, and for other employment opportunities. There is a Black History Museum in Boise, Idaho, with an exhibit known as the "Invisible Idahoan", which chronicles the first African-Americans in the state. Blacks are the fourth largest ethnic group in Idaho according to the 2000 census. Mountain Home, Boise, and Garden City have significant African-American populations.
The Basque people from the Iberian peninsula in Spain and southern France were traditionally shepherds in Europe. They came to Idaho, offering hard work and perseverance in exchange for opportunity. One of the largest Basque communities in the US is in Boise, with a Basque museum and festival held annually in the city.
Chinese in the mid-19th century came to America through San Francisco to work on the railroad and open businesses. By 1870, there were over 4000 Chinese and they comprised almost 30% of the population. They suffered discrimination due to the Anti-Chinese League in the 19th century which sought to limit the rights and opportunities of Chinese emigrants. Today Asians are third in population demographically after Whites and Hispanics at less than 2%.
Main articles: Oregon boundary dispute, Provisional Government of Oregon, Oregon Treaty, Oregon Territory, Washington Territory, Dakota Territory, Organic act § List of organic acts, and Idaho Territory
On March 4, 1863, President Abraham Lincoln signed an act creating Idaho Territory from portions of Washington Territory and Dakota Territory with its capital at Lewiston. The original Idaho Territory included most of the areas that later became the states of Idaho, Montana and Wyoming, and had a population of under 17,000. Idaho Territory assumed the boundaries of the modern state in 1868 and was admitted as a state in 1890.
After Idaho became a territory, legislation was held in Lewiston, the capital of Idaho Territory at the time. There were many territories acts put into place, and then taken away during these early sessions, one act being the move of the capital city from Lewiston to Boise City. Boise was becoming a growing area after gold was found, so on December 24, 1864, Boise City was made the final destination of the capital for the Territory of Idaho.
However, moving the capital to Boise City created a lot of issues between the territory. This was especially true between the north and south areas in the territory, due to how far south Boise City was. Problems with communicating between the north and south contributed to some land in Idaho Territory being transferred to other territories and areas at the time. Idahoâs early boundary changes helped create the current boundaries of Washington, Wyoming, and Montana States as currently exist.
In a bid for statehood, Governor Edward A. Stevenson called for a constitutional convention in 1889. The convention approved a constitution on August 6, 1889, and voters approved the constitution on November 5, 1889.
When President Benjamin Harrison signed the law admitting Idaho as a U.S. state on July 3, 1890, the population was 88,548. George L. Shoup became the state's first governor, but resigned after only a few weeks in office to take a seat in the United States Senate. Willis Sweet, a Republican, was the first congressman, 1890 to 1895, representing the state at-large. He vigorously demanded "Free Silver" or the unrestricted coinage of silver into legal tender, in order to pour money into the large silver mining industry in the Mountain West, but he was defeated by supporters of the gold standard. In 1896 he, like many Republicans from silver mining districts, supported the Silver Republican Party instead of the regular Republican nominee William McKinley.
During its first years of statehood, Idaho was plagued by labor unrest in the mining district of Coeur d'Alene. In 1892, miners called a strike which developed into a shooting war between union miners and company guards. Each side accused the other of starting the fight. The first shots were exchanged at the Frisco mine in Frisco, in the Burke-Canyon north and east of Wallace. The Frisco mine was blown up, and company guards were taken prisoner. The violence soon spilled over into the nearby community of Gem, where union miners attempted to locate a Pinkerton spy who had infiltrated their union and was passing information to the mine operators. But agent Charlie Siringo escaped by cutting a hole in the floor of his room. Strikers forced the Gem mine to close, then traveled west to the Bunker Hill mining complex near Wardner, and closed down that facility as well. Several had been killed in the Burke-Canyon fighting. The Idaho National Guard and federal troops were dispatched to the area, and union miners and sympathizers were thrown into bullpens.
Hostilities would again erupt at the Bunker Hill facility in 1899, when seventeen union miners were fired for having joined the union. Other union miners were likewise ordered to draw their pay and leave. Angry members of the union converged on the area and blew up the Bunker Hill Mill, killing two company men.
In both disputes, the union's complaints included pay, hours of work, the right of miners to belong to the union, and the mine owners' use of informants and undercover agents. The violence committed by union miners was answered with a brutal response in 1892 and in 1899.
Through the Western Federation of Miners (WFM) union, the battles in the mining district became closely tied to a major miners' strike in Colorado. The struggle culminated in the December 1905 assassination of former Governor Frank Steunenberg by Harry Orchard (also known as Albert Horsley), a member of the WFM. Orchard was allegedly incensed by Steunenberg's efforts as governor to put down the 1899 miner uprising after being elected on a pro-labor platform.
Pinkerton detective James McParland conducted the investigation into the assassination. In 1907, WFM Secretary Treasurer "Big Bill" Haywood and two other WFM leaders were tried on a charge of conspiracy to murder Steunenberg, with Orchard testifying against them as part of a deal made with McParland. The nationally publicized trial featured Senator William E. Borah as prosecuting attorney and Clarence Darrow representing the defendants. The defense team presented evidence that Orchard had been a Pinkerton agent and had acted as a paid informant for the Cripple Creek Mine Owners' Association. Darrow argued that Orchard's real motive in the assassination had been revenge for a declaration of martial law by Steunenberg, which prompted Orchard to gamble away a share in the Hercules silver mine that would otherwise have made him wealthy.
Two of the WFM leaders were acquitted in two separate trials, and the third was released. Orchard was convicted and sentenced to death. His sentence was commuted, and he spent the rest of his life in an Idaho prison.
Mining in Idaho was a major commercial venture, bringing a great deal of attention to the state. From 1860-1866 Idaho produced 19% of all gold in the United States, or 2.5 million ounces.
Most of Idaho's mining production, 1860â1969, has come from metals equating to $2.88 billion out of $3.42 billion, according to the best estimates. Of the metallic mining areas of Idaho, the Coeur d'Alene region has produced the most by far, and accounts for about 80% of the total Idaho yield.
Several othersâBoise Basin, Wood River Valley, Stibnite, Blackbirg, and Owyheeârange considerably above the other big producers. Atlanta, Bear Valley, Bay Horse, Florence, Gilmore, Mackay, Patterson, and Yankee Fork all ran on the order of ten to twenty million dollars, and Elk City, Leesburg, Pierce, Rocky Bar, and Warren's make up the rest of the major Idaho mining areas that stand out in the sixty or so regions of production worthy of mention.
A number of small operations do not appear in this list of Idaho metallic mining areas: a small amount of gold was recovered from Goose Creek on Salmon Meadows; a mine near Cleveland was prospected in 1922 and produced a little manganese in 1926; a few tons of copper came from Fort Hall, and a few more tons of copper came from a mine near Montpelier. Similarly, a few tons of lead came from a property near Bear Lake, and lead-silver is known on Cassia Creek near Elba. Some gold quartz and lead-silver workings are on Ruby Creek west of Elk River, and there is a slightly developed copper operation on Deer Creek near Winchester. Molybdenum is known on Roaring River and on the east fork of the Salmon. Some scattered mining enterprises have been undertaken around Soldier Mountain and on Chief Eagle Eye Creek north of Montour.
Idaho proved to be one of the more receptive states to the progressive agenda of the late 19th century and early 20th century. The state embraced progressive policies such as women's suffrage (1896) and prohibition (1916) before they became federal law. Idahoans were also strongly supportive of Free Silver. The pro-bimetallism Populist and Silver Republican parties of the late 1890s were particularly successful in the state.
Eugenics was also a major part of the Progressive movement. In 1919, the Idaho legislature passed an Act legalizing the forced sterilization of some persons institutionalized in the state. The act was vetoed by governor D.W. Davis, who doubted its scientific merits and believed it likely violated the Equal Protection clause of the US Constitution. In 1925, the Idaho legislature passed a revised eugenics act, now tailored to avoid Davis's earlier objections. The new law created a state board of eugenics, charged with: the sterilization of all feebleminded, insane, epileptics, habitual criminals, moral degenerates and sexual perverts who are a menace to society, and providing the means for ascertaining who are such persons.
The Eugenics board was eventually folded into the state's health commission; between 1932 and 1964, a total of 30 women and eight men in Idaho were sterilized under this law. The sterilization law was formally repealed in 1972.
After statehood, Idaho's economy began a gradual shift away from mining toward agriculture, particularly in the south. Older mining communities such as Silver City and Rocky Bar gave way to agricultural communities incorporated after statehood, such as Nampa and Twin Falls. Milner Dam on the Snake River, completed in 1905, allowed for the formation of many agricultural communities in the Magic Valley region which had previously been nearly unpopulated.
Meanwhile, some of the mining towns were able to reinvent themselves as resort communities, most notably in Blaine County, where the Sun Valley ski resort opened in 1936. Others, such as Silver City and Rocky Bar, became ghost towns.
In the north, mining continued to be an important industry for several more decades. The closure of the Bunker Hill Mine complex in Shoshone County in the early 1980s sent the region's economy into a tailspin. Since that time, a substantial increase in tourism in north Idaho has helped the region to recover. Coeur d'Alene, a lake-side resort town, is a destination for visitors in the area.
Beginning in the 1980s, there was a rise in North Idaho of a few right-wing extremist and "survivalist" political groups, most notably one holding Neo-Nazi views, the Aryan Nations. These groups were most heavily concentrated in the Panhandle region of the state, particularly in the vicinity of Coeur d'Alene.
In 1992 a stand-off occurred between U.S. Marshals, the F.B.I., and white separatist Randy Weaver and his family at their compound at Ruby Ridge, located near the small, northern Idaho town of Naples. The ensuing fire-fight and deaths of a U.S. Marshal, and Weaver's son and wife gained national attention, and raised a considerable amount of controversy regarding the nature of acceptable force by the federal government in such situations.
In 2001, the Aryan Nations compound, which had been located in Hayden Lake, Idaho, was confiscated as a result of a court case, and the organization moved out of state. About the same time Boise installed an impressive stone Human Rights Memorial featuring a bronze statue of Anne Frank and quotations from her and many other writers extolling human freedom and equality.
The demographics of the state have changed. Due to this growth in different groups, especially in Boise, the economic expansion surged wrong-economic growth followed the high standard of living and resulted in the "growth of different groups". The population of Idaho in the 21st Century has been described as sharply divided along geographic and cultural lines due to the center of the state being dominated by sparsely-populated national forests, mountain ranges and recreation sites: "unless you're willing to navigate a treacherous mountain pass, you can't even drive from the north to the south without leaving the state." The northern population gravitates towards Spokane, Washington, the heavily Mormon south-east population towards Utah, with an isolated Boise "[being] the closest thing to a city-state that you'll find in America."
On March 13, 2020, officials from the Idaho Department of Health and Welfare announced the first confirmed case of the novel coronavirus COVID-19 within the state of Idaho. A woman over the age of 50 from the southwestern part of the state was confirmed to have the coronavirus infection. She contracted the infection while attending a conference in New York City. Conference coordinators notified attendees that three individuals previously tested positive for the coronavirus. The Idahoan did not require hospitalization and was recovering from mild symptoms from her home. At the time of the announcement, there were 1,629 total cases and 41 deaths in the United States. Five days beforehand, on March 8, a man of age 54 had died of an unknown respiratory illness which his doctor had believed to be pneumonia. The disease was later suspected to be â but never confirmed as â COVID-19.
On March 14, state officials announced the second confirmed case within the state. The South Central Public Health District, announced that a woman over the age of 50 that resides in Blaine County had contracted the infection.[44] Like the first case, she did not require hospitalization and she was recovering from mild symptoms from home. Later on in the day, three additional confirmed cases of COVID-19 were reported in the state by three of the seven health districts in the state, which brought the confirmed total cases of coronavirus to five in Idaho. Officials from Central District Health announced their second confirmed case, which was a male from Ada County in his 50s. He was not hospitalized and was recovering at home. South Central Public Health reported their second confirmed case in a female that is over the age of 70 who was hospitalized. Eastern Idaho Public Health reported a confirmed positive case in a woman under the age of 60 in Teton County. She had contracted the coronavirus from contact with a confirmed case in a neighboring state; she was not hospitalized. The South Central Public Health District announced that a woman over the age of 50 that resides in Blaine County had contracted the infection. Like the first case, she did not require hospitalization and she was recovering from mild symptoms from home.
On March 17, two more confirmed cases of the infection were reported, bringing the total to seven. The first case on this date was by officials from Central District Health reported that a female under the age of 50 in Ada County was recovering at home and was not hospitalized. The second confirmed case was a female over the age of 50 as reported by South Central Public Health officials.
On March 18, two additional confirmed cases were announced by South Central Public Health District officials. One is a male from Blaine County in his 40s and the other a male in his 80s from Twin Falls County. These cases were the first known community spread transmission of the coronavirus in South Central Idaho.
Helicopter heist - âHelikopterrĂĽnetâ
In the early morning of 23 September 2009 a Jet Ranger (SE-HON) was stolen from Roslagens Helikopterflygâs hangar at Mellingeholm Airfield in Norrtälje. The helicopter was flown to Frescati/Stora Skuggan moments prior to 05:00 in the morning. It picked up some equipment and continued to the G4S Cash Deposit in Västberga, a few kilometers southwest of downtown Stockholm. The stolen helicopter landed on the roof of the deposit building, inserted three robbers with ladders and weapons, took off to wait for the money to be collected, returned to pick up the gang and the money, and left to the southwest; all in roughly 30 minutes. In the meantime the police set up a perimeter around the robbery in progress, but they were unable to interfere with the helicopter due to the risk of harming innocent bystanders. The Swedish Police Wingsâs own EC135 helicopters were grounded after two boxes with dummy explosives had been placed outside the entrance doors to the hangar at Myttinge Heliport the same morning.
The stolen helicopter left people and money at two locations in the suburbs â Draget/Norsborg and Kaananbadet/Grimsta â before it continued to SkavlĂśten/Arninge in the north of Stockholm. It was then left on a field near the forest.
Aftermath
The helicopter was found abandoned, without any damages, around 08:00 in the morning. The heist became an instant top story worldwide, with prominent media like CNN, BBC and AP reporting about the robbery. The robbers got away with an estimated 39 million SEK, approx âŹ3,86 million EUR at Sep 2009 exchange rate.
Returning the helicopter to service
Following a full scan by the bomb squad (which caused the only known damage to the helicopter), and an external on-scene investigation by the forensics, the helicopter was transported to Patria Helicopterâs maintenance station at Arlanda Airport for the internal investigation. The helicopter was soon returned to Roslagens Helikopterflyg, which set up extensive maintenance checks of the airframe and engine prior to returning the helicopter to its service as a flight trainer in Norrtälje.
Suspects
Several people were arrested within a few days, including a 34-year-old experienced private helicopter pilot that lived in the Stockholm region. On 7 October 2010 SĂśdertĂśrn District Court sentenced two people, one of them being the pilot, to seven years in prison for aggravated robbery. Four people were convicted for complicity to aggravated robbery and sentenced in a range of 2-5 years in prison. One person was convicted for protecting criminals and he was sentenced to imprisonment for one year. Three previously suspected defendants were set free.
On 16 February 2011 the Svea Court of Appeal strengthened three of the District Courtâs verdicts, including a sentence of eight years in prison for the pilot instead of seven. The pilot appealed to the Supreme Court, but the plea was declined on 16 October 2013.
Echoes of the heist
The event on 23 September 2009 was the first robbery involving a helicopter in Swedish history. It was, to Nordic Rotorsâ knowledge, the third time a helicopter was stolen in Sweden. The first case involved a Hughes 500 (SE-HTG) in 1991, and the second more unclear case involved a Bell 206 (SE-HVE) in 2004.
The helicopter heist caused quite some commotion regarding the Swedish Police Wingâs inability to take off from its temporary (2005-2009) helicopter base at Myttinge/VärmdĂś due to the suspected bombs that had easily been placed adjacent to the hangar prior to the robbery. The helicopters were instantly moved to Arlanda Airport, where the perimeter protection was deemed adequate. The National Police took the formal decision to establish a permanent helicopter base at Arlanda on 29 February 2012.
Defendant Jean-Louis Mazy (right) with his lawyer Monsieur Klees. Famous for their bow ties!
In 1998 I was the courtroom artist for the Belgian newspaper Le Soir. It was for the big trial The Agusta-Dassault Case. It was one of Belgium's most infamous trials of the century, some of the country's most senior political figures had been sucked into a scandal extending from bribery to money-laundering, forgery and possibly even murder. It was one of the best jobs I ever had. Sitting in that courtroom for days and drawing was very exciting.
Name: Mark Schidlossky
Arrested for: not given
Arrested at: North Shields Police Station
Arrested on: 3 October 1914
Tyne and Wear Archives ref: DX1388-1-256-Mark Schidlossky
For an image of his accomplice, Thomas Dodds see www.flickr.com/photos/twm_news/21412005023/in/dateposted/.
The Shields Daily News for 5 October 1914 reports:
âGOING THROUGH SEAMANâS POCKETS. ONE MONTH FOR THIEVES AT NO. SHIELDS.
Today at North Shields, Mark Schidlossky, seaman, Russia and Thomas Dodds, labourer, South Shields, were charged with stealing 5s from the person of James McLeod on the New Quay.
McLeod said he was proceeding to his ship, which was lying at Smithâs Dock, when he was accosted by two men, whom he now recognised. They pushed him up against the wall and took everything from his pockets. John Michael Graham, Lawson Street, said he saw the two men holding the prosecutor and going through his pockets.
PC Pallister said the Russian said in answer to the charge âI got no moneyâ and the other man made no reply. The first prisoner had 2s 10d and the other 1s 2d in their possession. The Bench committed the defendants to prison for one month eachâ.
These images are taken from an album of photographs of prisoners brought before the North Shields Police Court between 1902 and 1916 (TWAM ref. DX1388/1). This set is our selection of the best mugshots taken during the First World War. They have been chosen because of the sharpness and general quality of the images. The album doesnât record the details of each prisonerâs crimes, just their names and dates of arrest.
In order to discover the stories behind the mugshots, staff from Tyne & Wear Archives & Museums visited North Shields Local Studies Library where they carefully searched through microfilm copies of the âShields Daily Newsâ looking for newspaper reports of the court cases. The newspaper reports have been transcribed and added below each mugshot.
Combining these two separate records gives us a fascinating insight into life on the Home Front during the First World War. These images document the lives of people of different ages and backgrounds, both civilians and soldiers. Our purpose here is not to judge them but simply to reflect the realities of their time.
(Copyright) We're happy for you to share this digital image within the spirit of The Commons. Please cite 'Tyne & Wear Archives & Museums' when reusing. Certain restrictions on high quality reproductions and commercial use of the original physical version apply though; if you're unsure please email archives@twmuseums.org.uk.
WARNING: THIS SERIES FEATURES DARK THEMES SUCH AS ALCOHOL, RAPE, DRUGS AND VIOLENCE. WHILE THESE TOPICS MAY OR MAY NOT BE IN THIS PARTICULAR ISSUE, THE SERIES IS MORE ENJOYABLE IF READ BEGINNING TO FINISH, SO IF YOU FEEL UNCOMFORTABLE READING ABOUT THESE TOPICS, THIS IS NOT THE SERIES FOR YOU
Jerold Hogarth walked into the courtroom, trying his hardest to hide the box of cigarettes in his pocket by covering it tightly with his hand.
Jeri: Sorry I'm late, Judge Crawford, traffic was bonkers!
Judge: It's alright, Mr. Hogarth, the trial has already been postponed to...
Judge Crawford rolled up his sleeve, checking a watch.
Judge: âŚSeven minutes from now. You have this time to discuss the trial further with your defendant.
Jeri: Thank you, Mr. Crawford.
Jeri sat down at a table, alongside his defendant, Jackson Weele. Jeri's face paused in a stunned expression, looking directly at Jackson.
Jeri: ...Did you have to wear the costume?
Jackson: My suit's at the laundromat, jeez.
Jeri: Now that doesn't explain your "big-wheel" that was in the parking lot.
Jackson: I don't gotta car.
Jeri: You couldn't walk?
Jackson: Nah, walking's not my speed. I'm more of an above-averagely-sized-wheels kinda guy.
Jeri: Oh, for the love of-⌠Ugh, okay, you remember what youâre going to say, right? With how Iâve got things planned you should be able to say âyesâ every time I say something directed to you.
Jackson: Alrighty, sounds simple enough⌠Is that all you needed to tell me? You already said that yesterday and weâve still got five minutes left.
Jeri: Right⌠UmâŚ
Jackson: Uh⌠Did you catch the game last night?
Jeri: Iâm not into sports.
Jackson: OhâŚ
A long moment of silence began, until eventually the judgeâs gavel hit the sound block. The trial was now in session. After a fairly mediocre opening speech from the prosecutor, Cassie Jeffords, it was tame for Jerold Hogarth to rise, as instructed by Judge Crawford.
Jeri: Now, Mr. Crawford, something Ms. Jeffords seems to be forgetting is that Jackson was a test subject at Oscorp Industries. The "big-wheel", a term coined by Oscorp, was simply a test-vehicle. Mr. Norman Osborn had already come out in an interview stating that Jackson was meant to drive the wheel as a test, to see if it was a safe product for Oscorp to sell. All injuries were completely accidental, and faults of the machinery, not the driver, and Oscorp Industries has paid in full for all of the injuredâs hospital bills. Isn't that right, Mr. Weele?
Jerold turned to Jackson, who was caught off guard.
Jackson: Huh? Oh, yeah.
The judge raised a brow, causing Jeri to internally panic. Jeri tried to hide his fear, and continue defending Jackson.
Jeri: *gulp*⌠Um, an important detail that needs to be mentioned is that nobody was killed. When the wheel incorrectly began to leave the Oscorp building, it ran into one scientist, which only knocked them unconscious with no broken limbs, just minor bruising. It then crashed through a window of the Oscorp building, falling onto the sidewalk and running over one civilian which broke her leg. This was the only broken limb in the entirely accidental joyride, and as previously stated, Mr. Osborn has paid for said woman to be hospitalized and to get the help she needs. Though, getting back on track, after this injury the wheel crashed into a nearby convenient store andâŚ
Jeri went on and on. Once his speech was concluded, his ears were ringing throughout the rest of the trial. He couldnât hear or see what was going on, before eventually the sound of the gavelâs bang filled the room once again, interrupting the ringing.
Judge: I declare Mr. Jackson Weele not guilty, although the machine he had driven shall be secured in the Raft for the foreseeable future. This court is adjourned.
~Madam Web
Dutch postcard by Takken, no. 461. Photo: Universal International.
Tall, sultry, green-eyed blonde Peggie Castle (1927-1973) was an American actress who specialised in playing the "other woman" in B-movies. Castle was Miss Cheesecake in 1949.
Peggie (sometimes written as Peggy) Castle was born as Peggy Thomas Blair in Appalachia, Wise County, Virginia, in 1927. Her mother was Elizabeth Blair. Her father, Doyle H. Blair, was a director of an industrial relations firm. When the family moved to Hollywood, he was hired as a studio manager at Goldwyn Studios. He also worked as a business manager for Donald O'Connor. Kater, Peggie changed her surname Blair at the first studio in which she worked. She took lessons in drama when she was 8 years old. Castle graduated from Hollywood High School and attended Mills College for two years. Castle's first work as an actress came in the soap opera 'Today's Children'. Then a spot on Radio Theatre in 1947 brought her a screen test offer from 20th Century Fox. According to Hollywood lore, Castle was discovered by a talent scout while eating a shrimp cocktail in the seafood bar of the Farmer's Market in Beverly Hills. She was signed to a seven-year contract with Universal-International and made her film debut in the 1947 film When a Girl's Beautiful. In 1949, she was named "Miss Cheesecake" by the Southern California Restaurant Association. Later that year, the Junior Chamber of Commerce named Castle "Miss Three Alarm". She later appeared in the films Mr. Belvedere Goes to College (1949), Payment on Demand (1951), The Prince Who Was a Thief (1951), Invasion U.S.A. (1952), 99 River Street (1953), Beginning of the End (1957) and Arrivederci Roma (1957). She often starred in Westerns, appearing in nearly a dozen between Wagons West (1952) and Hell's Crossroads (1957).
In the 1950s, Peggie Castle moved into television. She appeared in multiple guest roles on Fireside Theater, Cheyenne, 77 Sunset Strip, and The Restless Gun. In 1957 she appeared as Amy Gordon on Cheyenne in the episode titled The Spanish Grant. In 1957 she played defendant Sally Fenner in the Perry Mason episode, The Case of the Negligent Nymph. Also in 1957 she was a primary star on Gunsmoke, playing a forlorn Nita Tucker in the episode Chesterâs Murder. From 1959 to 1962, she co-starred in the television Western series Lawman â her first continuing series. Her role as saloon owner Lily Merrill brought out a new dimension of Castle's talent. She stated, "For the first time in my life I'm a singer â that's the producer's opinion, not mine." Her final on-screen role was a guest appearance in a 1966 episode of The Virginian. In 1958, Castle acted with Jesse White in a stage production of 'A Hole in the Head' at the Civic Playhouse in Los Angeles. In 1960, Castle and Peter Brown (who also was a regular in Lawman) traveled to rodeos, performing as a song-and-dance team. Castle stressed, "We're very careful not to sing any romantic songs," treating the act more like a brother-sister team. The duo's stops included St. Louis, Chicago, Detroit, Pittsburgh, and Albuquerque. In 1960, she received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame. Castle was married four times. She married Revis T. Call, a 2nd Lieutenant in the Army in 1945, in Los Angeles. Following that marriage, she began using Peggy Call as her professional name. They divorced in 1950. She married Universal publicist Robert H. Raines in 1951 and they divorced in 1954. In 1955, Castle married producer and director William McGarry. They had a daughter, Erin McGarry. Castle divorced McGarry in 1969. In 1971, Castle married Arthur Morganstern, her fourth husband. They remained married until Morganstern's death in 1973. Castle suffered from alcoholism. In 1969, she attempted suicide by taking an overdose of barbiturates and slashing her wrists. She was later committed to California's Camarillo State Hospital for her alcoholism, but she regressed after her release. In 1973, her third husband, William McGarry found her body on the couch of her Hollywood apartment. Her death was later determined to be caused by cirrhosis. She was only 45.
Sources: Wikipedia and IMDb.
And, please check out our blog European Film Star Postcards.
Mission/Trial Report 14
Date: 08-30-2325
Location: Council Chambers, Citadel
Defendants Present:
⢠Cian Lios
⢠Daisy MacKenzie
⢠Fazzy Constantine
⢠Noah Constantine
⢠Ryoma Halvern
⢠Tai Astrofengia
⢠T1NM4N
⢠Vahenir
⢠Scrap
⢠Zeth Ryder
BluShock Special Witness:
⢠Jaron
Prosecutor:
⢠Tobias Sidonis
It had been some time since the âformerâ BluShock crewâs last mission on Stackspire Colony, where C-Secâled by the newly installed BluShock Commander Robert Keanâfinally apprehended Fazzy Constantine and his crew. Now, dragged back to the very heart of galactic law, they were forced to stand before the Citadel Council and answer for their alleged crimes.
The list was long: Noveria. The Citadel bombings. The destruction of Stackspire. The accusations were heavy, the weight of the galaxy pressing down on them. The crew knew they had their evidence ready, their witnesses lined up, their innocence to prove. But Daisy reminded them at every turn that this was a stitch-up from the very beginning. The Council wasnât looking for truthâthey were looking for blood.
As the day began, the sound of sirens split the wards. The apartment doors blew open under the force of C-Sec. Fazzy and his crewâs old friend from Valtoriaânow C-Sec agent Saeed Massaniâentered with the unit. He wasnât here as an ally. He was here as law. He was here to do his job. And so the crew was marched out.
The journey through the Wards was chaos incarnate. Barricades, shouting mobs, and angry citizens lined the streets. âMurderers!â âTerrorists!â âTraitors!â Some cursed their names. Some wept for lost loved ones in the bombings the crew had actually prevented. None of it mattered. The people had already been told the story. The truth had been written out of history.
The elevator doors opened to the Council Chambers. What awaited them was a scene of grandeur and judgment. Crimson-leaved trees, sculpted planters, pristine staircases ascending into the chamber of galactic justice itself. The Council was assembled: an Orc councillor, a Turian, an Asari, and a Salarianâthe brother of the slain Administrator Calzen of Noveria. Prosecutor Tobias Sidonis presided over the case, his voice cold and sharp as he read the charges.
The crew were lined up, cuffed, made to climb the steps to the platform of judgment. Their witnesses were already there: Gavin Tarius and Darrek Solan of Noveria. Marco and Leo, the garage brothers of Stackspire. Private investigator Havid Gabour and Battle Ready Pizza Joint owner, A Krogan. Then the accusations came. Twenty counts. Smuggling. Murder. Bombings. Destruction. Fabricated evidence was hurled onto holoscreens for all to see: falsified images of Fazzy in a relationship with the Salarian Administrator; Tai Astrofengia handing over a suspicious package; the long-missing BluShock operative Chastian Necrosa setting the Citadel bomb timers. The lies were as grotesque as they were elaborate.
The crew spoke, one by one, defending themselves. Their innocence was unwavering. They reminded the chamber of their deeds: the evacuation of Stackspire, the halting of the Citadel bombings, the saving of billions from galactic annihilationânot once, but twice. But the Councilâs faces remained stone.
The witnesses were called. The Stackspire trio spoke truth to power and confirmed the crewâs actions had been heroic. But betrayal was present as wellâthe Turian receptionist from Noveria, who once thanked BluShock for saving him, now lied under oath. He declared they were behind the massacres at Port Hanshan, his words dripping with falsity, his motives bought and paid for by unknown hands.
Then came Jaron. The dragon-being from Duneshade, Icaros. He had traveled far to stand in their defense. His evidence cut through the lies: recorded footage of the Stackspire president himself planting charges, abandoning the colony, and triggering the explosion that would later be pinned on Fazzy and his crew. His proof revealed the trap for what it was: a staged execution, an attempt to erase BluShock from the galaxy.
But even that was not enough.
The chamber quieted as the Council withdrew to deliberate. When they returned, the sentence was swift and merciless. Guilty. Guilty on all counts. Their heroism meant nothing. Their sacrifices meant nothing. The truth meant nothing.
Prosecutor Sidonis gave the order: Purgatory. The infamous space prison where convicts are sent to vanish into silence. A place so remote, so forgotten, that escape was not even a rumor. Fazzy, Daisy, Noah, and the rest would be cast into its abyss for an undefined sentence. Their ranks were stripped. Their honor burned. Their legacy erased.
Daisy spat words at the Orc councillor, a defiant curse about his manhood, her voice echoing as the crew was marched away. Saeed Massani, once a friend, once a comrade, carried out the Councilâs will and led them to their doom.
Outside, celebrations broke across the galaxy. Illium News Network broadcast the verdict: âJustice has been served. Fazzy Constantine and the BluShock crew are incarcerated.â In the streets, there were cheers. In the Presidium, there was relief. For most, it was over.
But for Fazzy and his crew, stripped of everything, this was not the end. Somewhere, beyond the sirens and the cells, lay a future untold. Could they rise again? Could they ever return to the galaxy as its heroes?
That remains the unanswered question.
End of Report.
Name: Susan Joice
Arrested for: Larceny
Arrested at: North Shields Police Station
Arrested on: 18th August 1903
Tyne and Wear Archives ref: DX1388-1-31-Susan Joice
The Shields Daily News for 19 August 1903 reports:
"Yesterday at North Shields, Susan Joyce (16), residing at 17 Front Street, Milburn Place, was charged with stealing on the 15th inst, from a gas meter at a house, 18 Front Street, the sum of 6s 5d, the moneys of the Tynemouth Gas Company. Sarah Nicholson, the occupant of the above house stated that she noticed that the lock had been broken off the meter and the money extracted. Ellen Watson, sister of the accused stated that the later went to her house with her apron full of copper. Altogether there was 5s 6d. She afterwards handed the money over to the police. Detective Thornton spoke to arresting the defendant and when charged she admitted taking the money out of the meter. The Bench imposed a fine of 5s and 10s costs".
These images are a selection from an album of photographs of prisoners brought before the North Shields Police Court between 1902 and 1916 in the collection of Tyne & Wear Archives (TWA ref DX1388/1).
This set contains mugshots of boys and girls under the age of 21. This reflects the fact that until 1970 that was the legal age of majority in the UK.
(Copyright) We're happy for you to share this digital image within the spirit of The Commons. Please cite 'Tyne & Wear Archives & Museums' when reusing. Certain restrictions on high quality reproductions and commercial use of the original physical version apply though; if you're unsure please email archives@twmuseums.org.uk.
8/23/10 Ralph Barrera/AMERICAN-STATESMAN; James Richard âRickyâ Thompson pleaded guilty today to murder in one of two West Campus killings last summer under a deal with prosecutors that earned him a life term in prison and seeks to ensure his cooperation in the prosecution of two co-defendants. Thompson, 20, walks toward the judge with attorney Roy Minton, had been indicted for capital murder in the killings of John Goosey, 21, and Stacy Barnett, 22, two then-recent University of Texas graduates. He appeared before Judge Julie Kocurek in 390th District Court Monday afternoon. (Kreytak story)
Prosecution of Nazi crimes to politically persecuted persons
The political activity for a resistance group the Nazi authorities became known by Gestapo spies or informers. Processes for crimes against politically persecuted persons, thus, in the first line can be found under the procedures that were initiated under § 7 KVG - Kriegsverbrechergesetz (War Criminals Act - denunciation). The most sensational People's Court trial for denunciation was that against the Gestapo spy Otto Hartmann; the Burgtheater actor had not only colleagues sounded out, but also the resistance groups Scholz-Lederer-Kastelic infiltrated (Austrian Freedom Movement).
Procedure for denunciation were very numerous. Around a quarter of all People's Court proceedings was initiated because of this alleged offense. According to the present state of research it is likely that around 20% of all of the four People's Courts convicted people this have been under § 7 WCA. The records of these procedures represent a source of socio-historical studies of both the denunciation during the Nazi era as well as the social conditions of the immediate postwar period.
Former Gestapo prisoners and concentration camp inmates - mostly those which after the liberation worked in the police or acted as functionaries of political parties - brought some of their tormentors to justice. The numerous lawsuits against officials of the Gestapo but also legal proceedings against members of the camp guard and prisoner functionaries in concentration camps (which mostly were conducted in accordance with § 3 and § 4 KVG, ie torture and ill-treatment and violation of human dignity) dealed crimes against politically persecuted persons. Were the defendants homicides proven, even death sentences could be imposed. In one such process - the Graz (Styria) Gestapo lawsuit - a death sentence exclusively because of torture was issued: against the head of the Gestapo Leoben (Styria), Johann Stelzl.
Like many other crimes at the end of the war that, so to speak, took place "on the doorstep" of the population, even murder activities or the seemingly legal summary court martial proceedings against political opponents in the last days of the war were in the focus of a number of trials of the People's Courts, among those that against the Wiener Attorney General Johann Stich, in which, inter alia, the "summary proceeding" shooting of members of the resistance group Kirchl-Trauttmansdorff in Sankt PĂślten (Lower Austria) Hammer Park was tried. Another proceeding, in whose center was such a "summary proceeding" (ie that of the district leadership Neunkirchen in Schwarzau in the Mountains), is the trial against the Neunkirchen (Lower Austria) district leader Johann Braun. The largest such proceeding was that against those responsible for the massacre of 6 April 1945 to more than 300 inmates of the penitentiary Stein an der Donau (Lower Austria).
Ahndung von NS-Verbrechen an politisch Verfolgten
Die politische Betätigung fßr eine Widerstandsgruppe wurde den NS-BehÜrden durch Gestapo-Spitzel oder Denunziationen bekannt. Prozesse wegen Verbrechen an politisch Verfolgten sind daher in erster Linie unter den Verfahren zu finden, die gemäà § 7 KVG (Denunziation) eingeleitet wurden. Der aufsehehenerregendste Volksgerichtsprozess wegen Denunziation war jener gegen den Gestapo-Spitzel Otto Hartmann; der Burgtheaterschauspieler hatte nicht nur Kolleginnen und Kollegen ausgehorcht, sondern auch die Widerstandsgruppen Scholz-Lederer-Kastelic (Üsterreichischen Freiheitsbewegung) infiltriert.
Verfahren wegen Denunziation waren sehr zahlreich. Rund ein Viertel aller Volksgerichtsverfahren wurde wegen dieses Tatvorwurfs eingeleitet. Nach dem bisherigen Forschungsstand dßrften rund 20 % aller von den vier Volksgerichten verurteilten Personen nach § 7 KVG verurteilt worden sein. Die Akten dieser Verfahren stellen eine Quelle fßr sozialgeschichtliche Untersuchungen sowohl der Denunziation während der NS-Zeit als auch der gesellschaftlichen Verhältnisse der unmittelbaren Nachkriegszeit dar.
Ehemalige Gestapo-Gefangene und KZ-Insassen â meist solche, die nach der Befreiung bei der Polizei oder als Funktionäre politischer Parteien tätig â brachten einige ihrer Peiniger vor Gericht. Die zahlreichen Prozesse gegen Beamten der Gestapo, aber auch Prozesse gegen AngehĂśrige der Lagerwache und Häftlingsfunktionäre in Konzentrationslagern (die meist gemäà § 3 und § 4 KVG, also Quälereien und Misshandlungen sowie Verletzung der MenschenwĂźrde gefĂźhrt wurden) behandelten Verbrechen an politisch Verfolgten. Wurden den Angeklagten TĂśtungsdelikte nachgewiesen, konnten auch Todesurteile verhängt werden â . In einem einzigen derartigen Prozess â dem Grazer Gestapo-Prozess â erging ein Todesurteil ausschlieĂlich wegen Folterungen: gegen den Leiter der Gestapo Leoben, Johann Stelzl.
Wie zahlreiche andere Verbrechen bei Kriegsende, die sozusagen "vor der HaustĂźr" der BevĂślkerung verĂźbt wurden, standen auch Mordaktionen oder die schein-legalen Standgerichtsverfahren gegen politische GegnerInnen in den letzten Kriegstagen im Mittelpunkt einer Reihe von Volksgerichtsverfahren, darunter jenem gegen den Wiener Generalstaatsanwalt Johann Stich, in dem u.a. die "standrechtliche" ErschieĂung von AngehĂśrigen der Widerstandsgruppe Kirchl-Trauttmansdorff im Sankt PĂśltner Hammerpark verhandelt wurde. Ein weiterer Prozess, in dessen Mittelpunkt ein solches "Standgericht" (nämlich jenes der Kreisleitung Neukirchen in Schwarzau im Gebirge) stand, ist das Verfahren gegen den Neunkirchener Kreisleiter Johann Braun. Der grĂśĂte derartige Prozess war jener gegen die Verantwortlichen fĂźr das Massaker vom 6. April 1945 an Ăźber 300 Häftlingen des Zuchthauses Stein an der Donau.
Name: James G. Chase
Arrested for: not given
Arrested at: North Shields
Arrested on: 22 January 1916
Tyne and Wear Archives ref: DX1388-1-264-James G Chase
The Shields Daily News for 28 January 1916 reports:
âFALSE PRETENCES CASE AT NORTH SHIELDS.
At North Shields today, James George Chase (23), a munition worker, residing at Lynn Villa, Billy Mill, was brought up on remand, charged with having unlawfully obtained by false pretences, from Joseph Emery, the sum of ÂŁ20, with intent to cheat and defraud, between Dec. 13th and Jan. 17th.
Joseph Emery stated in May last he became acquainted with the defendant. During the latter part of that month the defendant told him something about an estate in Australia, valued at ÂŁ70,000. About the 17th December, witness received a letter, which was supposed to have come from a detective at Scotland Yard, and his wife received a wire for ÂŁ10 to be sent to the defendant in London, and witness sent it. On the 10th inst. the defendant returned from London and handed witness a sealed envelope. He opened it and found it contained two documents. After reading them, defendant asked is he was satisfied and he said it seemed to be alright. On the 17th inst. the defendant asked for another ÂŁ10 and witness gave it to him. On the 21st inst. witness communicated with the police and on the 22nd obtained a warrant for the defendantâs arrest.
Det. Radcliffe stated that on the 22nd inst. he arrested the defendant in Saville Street, and brought him to the Central Police Station. He read the warrant over and defendant replied âI canât say anything until I have seen Mr Emeryâ. Afterwards he said there was no truth in the statement regarding the fortune. When charged this morning he replied âI admit everything: I know I have done wrongâ. Defendant pleaded guilty and had nothing to say.
Mr Emery, recalled, said he had not believed half the defendantâs statements from the first. The defendant had said that a young man had to go with him to Australia as a bodyguard to bring the money back.
The defendant was committed to prison for one month in the second division.â
These images are taken from an album of photographs of prisoners brought before the North Shields Police Court between 1902 and 1916 (TWAM ref. DX1388/1). This set is our selection of the best mugshots taken during the First World War. They have been chosen because of the sharpness and general quality of the images. The album doesnât record the details of each prisonerâs crimes, just their names and dates of arrest.
In order to discover the stories behind the mugshots, staff from Tyne & Wear Archives & Museums visited North Shields Local Studies Library where they carefully searched through microfilm copies of the âShields Daily Newsâ looking for newspaper reports of the court cases. The newspaper reports have been transcribed and added below each mugshot.
Combining these two separate records gives us a fascinating insight into life on the Home Front during the First World War. These images document the lives of people of different ages and backgrounds, both civilians and soldiers. Our purpose here is not to judge them but simply to reflect the realities of their time.
(Copyright) We're happy for you to share this digital image within the spirit of The Commons. Please cite 'Tyne & Wear Archives & Museums' when reusing. Certain restrictions on high quality reproductions and commercial use of the original physical version apply though; if you're unsure please email archives@twmuseums.org.uk.
Excerpt from Wikipedia:
The first Christ Church (1856â1869)
The Hudson's Bay Company hired Robert John Staines, graduate of Trinity College, Cambridge, to teach the children of Fort Victoria, and offered him a further stipend to take Holy Orders and serve as chaplain to the fort as well. He arrived at the fort with his wife Emma and servants in 1849, none too impressed with the rustic conditions at this remote trading post. For their part, the small fort community became increasingly dissatisfied with his teaching skills and manner, such that he was discharged in 1854. He in turn set off for London to grieve the Company's land policies at the Colonial Office on behalf of fellow settlers.
Staines had begun construction of a church building in 1853, and had held Anglican services in the messroom of Fort Victoria and aboard visiting ships pending its completion. The Company appointed Edward Cridge, a college friend of Staines, as his replacement. Cridge and his new wife Mary arrived via Cape Horn from England on April 1, 1855. The population of Victoria was then about 200. The company church was finally ready for use on August 31, 1856 and was initially known as the Victoria District Church, and later as Christ Church.
Beginning in 1858, Victoria was overrun with gold seekers on their way to the Fraser Canyon Gold Rush. Hundreds of makeshift structures went up and several years of intense growth ensued. On July 7, 1858, Cridge wrote to the Colonial and Continental Church Society requesting two missionary clergy to help. In due course two appeared who were posted to New Westminster and Langley.
What Cridge did not expect was that his request would come also to the attention of The Baroness Burdett-Coutts, whose response was to endow a new diocese for British Columbia. On January 12, 1859, Letters Patent were issued to create the Diocese of British Columbia, and on February 24, 1859, the Rev. George Hills was consecrated in Westminster Abbey as its first Bishop. After a summer of fundraising for the Columbia Mission Fund, Bishop Hills sailed for Victoria and arrived on January 6, 1860.
The new bishop had to negotiate a clear title to Christ Church with the Hudson's Bay Company before it could be consecrated. Cridge had been promised 100 acres (0.40 km2) as part compensation for his term as company chaplain, but in negotiation it was reduced to 30 acres (120,000 m2) and title was assigned to the trustees for Christ Church.
Baroness Burdett-Coutts had also sent along a prefabricated iron church with a capacity of 600, based on the bizarre assumption that lumber was scarce in Victoria. This was erected about half a mile north of Christ Church and was consecrated as the Church of St. John the Divine. Hills had to choose which of the two churches to make the cathedral. Christ Church had been built with a capacity of 400, but an apse and south aisle were added to it in 1862 and a north aisle in 1865. On December 7, 1865, opting for the better location of Christ Church, he made it into Christ Church Cathedral and appointed Cridge as its first Dean.
On the night of September 30, 1869, the cathedral burned to the ground. The communion vessels and organ were rescued and the vestry books survived. The parish used a vacant Presbyterian church for several years while they rebuilt.
The second Christ Church (1872â1929)
The cornerstone for the new building was laid on May 20, 1872 by Lieutenant-Governor J.W. Trutch. It was to be another wooden structure as conditions were not ripe for a stone building. It was about 100 ft (30 m) by 50 ft (15 m) with a tower of 78 ft (24 m) Construction took a little over six months.
Schism of 1874
As a low churchman, Dean Cridge had little use for church hierarchy and authority; not for obedience to his bishop, and certainly not for formal liturgies. Things simmered privately between Cridge and Hills until evensong on December 5, 1872, the day of services for the consecration of the new cathedral, when guest preacher the Venerable Wm. S. Reece, Archdeacon of Vancouver (i.e. Vancouver Island), gave what Cridge interpreted as a rousing endorsement of ritualism. Rather than announcing the following hymn, Cridge hotly took issue with the homily, in breach of canon law which prohibited public disagreement among clergy. Bishop Hills then had to take official notice of the situation, trying first censure, the most lenient course. Cridge remained defiant. The citizens and newspapers of Victoria took sides.
Hills then tried Cridge in ecclesiastical court. The trial was held in the vacant Presbyterian church, was open to the public and received attentive press coverage. On September 22, 1874, Cridge was found guilty of 16 of 18 charges laid, and his licence was revoked. Cridge disregarded the revocation and demanded that the case be heard in "an unbiased secular court."
Hills then sought an injunction against Cridge in the Supreme Court of British Columbia sub nomine Bishop of Columbia v. Cridge. It fell to their mutual friend Supreme Court Chief Justice Matthew Baillie Begbie to adjudicate. He encouraged them to settle out of court. Cridge did apologise for his outburst at evensong, but would not recognise the authority of the Bishop. In his judgment of October 24, 1874, granting an injunction forbidding Cridge to act as a priest of the diocese, Chief Justice Begbie observed,
His [Bishop Hills'] reluctance to use his power may however, obviously be imputed to motives of the most christian forbearance ⌠But if the defendant had been at once in December, 1872, excluded from the pulpit of Christ Church until due submission, I should not now have had the most painful duty of attending to this distressing case, and probably much correspondence of a most disagreeable nature would have been avoided.
Begbie had been a member of the cathedral parish and was on the building committee for the new cathedral, but after rendering this verdict, he transferred his membership to St. John the Divine.
Much of the Cathedral's congregation, among them some of Victoria's major figures such as Sir James Douglas and Dr. J.S. Helmcken, met with Cridge a few days later and voted to form a new congregation, the Church of Our Lord, under the auspices of the Reformed Episcopal Church, which had recently broken from the Episcopal Church of the United States. Even so, the Columbia Mission Report was able to state that givings at Christ Church in 1875 were similar to those in 1871. Cridge's new congregation met at the vacant Presbyterian church until their building was completed at the end of 1875.
The third Christ Church (1929â)
The wooden structure built in 1872 became inadequate for the size of the congregation. In 1891, through an international design competition, architect J.C.M. Keith of Victoria was commissioned to design a larger and more enduring edifice. He produced a design in 13th century gothic style, inspired by Durham Cathedral in England, with transepts and a great central lantern tower, of concrete and stone with brick vaulting. The congregation made a good start on a building fund, but it was not adequate to begin construction.
Bishop Charles Schofield, elected in 1916, had the judgement, tact, courage, perseverance and business sense to lead the project. He had recently overseen the rebuilding of Christ Church Cathedral, Fredericton, which was ignited by lightning in 1911 during his tenure there as Dean.
In 1919, a new Cathedral Buildings Campaign for $250 000 was authorized. Bishop Schofield had Memorial Hall built first; its cornerstone was laid on October 1, 1923. A service for breaking ground on the new Cathedral took place on May 20, 1926. The cornerstone was laid on September 9, 1926 by the Rt. Rev. and Rt. Hon. A.F. Winnington-Ingram, the Lord Bishop of London. Fortunately, Mr. Keith was still available to supervise construction.
Winston Churchill visited the site on September 9, 1929, and was quick to help when the superintendent asked him to lay a stone on the north tower.
Funds were just sufficient to construct the nave, narthex and the lower portions of the northwest and southwest towers only. The east end of the nave was closed with a temporary wooden wall, and this much was consecrated on September 28, 1929. The contractors were The Parfitt Brothers, a firm of five brothers from England who had a construction yard in the Fernwood neighborhood of Victoria.
During construction, a robin nested atop scaffolding next to the top of one of the main pillars of the nave. Work in that area was deferred until the end of nesting season. R.W. Marsh, who was responsible for production of the many cast stone elements of the interior pillars and arches, suggested that a sculpture of the robin on its nest be placed atop the pillar, and offered to cast one in stone, given a model. Reginald Dove, the architect's assistant, sculpted the bird and nest in clay, and a stone casting of his model was made and installed on the capital of the pillar.
In 1957, the western towers were completed and the arch over the rose window was built. To reduce costs, the towers were built twelve feet shorter than specified.
In the 1970s, the high altar which had been brought from the second cathedral and installed against the east wall was replaced by a detached altar and moved to the Lady Chapel. The lectern is that donated by Mrs. Hills in 1872.
By the 1980s, the wooden east wall had become unsound. Completion of the original design was abandoned, and a stone-clad addition containing a chapel, vestries, a chapter room, washrooms and other ancillary spaces was constructed to replace the wall. Even so, Christ Church is one of the larger churches in Canada, with a nave of 93' by 140', and towers of 122'.
Annunciation scene windows in the south corridor by artists Ed Schaefer and Tom Mercer were dedicated on 8 November 2009 by Prince Charles and Camilla, Duchess of Cornwall, in the presence of Rt. Rev. James Cowan.
The Cathedral, its Memorial Hall, the Synod office and related buildings occupy the city block bounded by Quadra Street, Burdett Avenue, Vancouver Street and Rockland Avenue. The postal address of the Cathedral is 930 Burdett Avenue, Victoria, B.C. V8V 3G8, that of the former deanery where the cathedral offices are located.
The Bell Tower and Change Ringing
The north west tower had been built only to the level of the bell chamber floor in the original construction. In 1936, through the generosity of two local donors, Mrs. Mozley and Mrs. Matson, a peal of eight bells for change ringing was purchased and installed atop this floor. The bells were made by Mears & Stainbank of Whitechapel, London and were shipped via the Panama Canal. They are of the same design as the peal at Westminster Abbey.
The eight tons of steel girders and seven and a half tons of bells were hoisted the seventy feet onto the tower and installed by Yarrows Shipyard of Victoria under the direction of Edward W. Izard in just six working days. As the tower was incomplete, a wooden shed was built over the bells to protect them from the elements. The bells were first rung on July 12, 1936, and the tower was completed in 1957 when construction on the cathedral resumed. The bells are rung by the Ringers' Guild for Sunday services, festivals, funerals, weekly rehearsals, and by arrangement for weddings.
Two smaller bells were added in 1983 and were dedicated on March 8, 1983 in the presence of Elizabeth II and Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh before being hung in the tower. The Treble is dedicated to the memory of Mr. Izard, who led the ringing in the tower for nearly forty years, and the Second to the Queen's grandson Prince William, Duke of Cambridge. The Queen attended service at the cathedral again in 2002, when in Victoria as part of her Golden Jubilee royal tour of Canada.