While appearing as a delicate and light veil draped across the sky, this image from the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope actually depicts a small section of the Cygnus supernova blast wave, located around 2400 light-years away. The name of the supernova remnant comes from its position in the northern constellation of Cygnus (The Swan), where it covers an area 36 times larger than the full moon.

The original supernova explosion blasted apart a dying star about 20 times more massive than our Sun between 10 000 and 20 000 years ago. Since then, the remnant has expanded 60 light-years from its centre. The shockwave marks the outer edge of the supernova remnant and continues to expand at around 350 kilometres per second. The interaction of the ejected material and the low-density interstellar material swept up by the shockwave forms the distinctive veil-like structure seen in this image.

Credit:

ESA/Hubble & NASA, W. Blair

Acknowledgement: Leo Shatz

NASA's Hubble Space Telescope has unveiled a small section

of the expanding remains of a massive star that exploded about 8,000 years

ago.

Called the Veil Nebula, the debris is one of the best-known supernova remnants, deriving its name from its delicate, draped filamentary structures. The entire nebula is 110 light-years across, covering six full moons on the sky

as seen from Earth, and resides about 2,100 light-years away in the constellation Cygnus, the Swan.

This view is a mosaic of six Hubble pictures of a small area roughly two light-years across, covering only a tiny fraction of the nebula's vast structure.

This close-up look unveils wisps of gas, which are all that remain of what was once a star 20 times more massive than our sun. The fast-moving blast wave from the ancient explosion is plowing into a wall of cool, denser interstellar gas, emitting light. The nebula lies along the edge of a large bubble of low-density gas that was blown into space by the dying star prior to its self-detonation.

The image shows an incredible array of structures and detail from the collision between the blast wave and the gas and dust that make up the cavity wall. The nebula resembles a crumpled bed sheet viewed from the side. The bright regions

are where the shock wave is encountering relatively dense material or where the "bed sheet" ripples are viewed edge on.

In this image, red corresponds to the glow of hydrogen, green from sulfur, and blue from oxygen. The bluish features, outlining the cavity wall, appear smooth and arched in comparison to the fluffy green and red structures. The red glow is from cooler gas that was excited by the shock collision at an earlier time and has subsequently diffused into a more chaotic structure. A few thin, crisp-looking, red filaments arise after gas is swept into the shock wave at speeds of nearly 1 million miles an hour, so fast that it could travel from Earth to the moon in 15 minutes.

Astronomers are comparing these new images to images taken by Hubble in 1997. This comparison allows scientists to study how the nebula has expanded since it was photographed over 18 years ago.

The supernova that created the Veil Nebula would have been briefly visible to our very distant ancestors about 8,000 years ago as a bright "new star" in the northern sky.

Credit: NASA, ESA, and the Hubble Heritage Team (STScI/AURA)

For images and more information about the Veil Nebula and the Hubble Space Telescope, visit:

hubblesite.org/news/2015/29

www.nasa.gov/hubble

heritage.stsci.edu/2015/29

A widefield HaRGB mosaic of the Veil Nebula Complex (Supernova Remnant).

The Veil Nebula is a cloud of heated and ionized gas and dust in the constellation Cygnus. It constitutes the visible portions of the Cygnus Loop (radio source W78, or Sharpless 103), a large but relatively faint supernova remnant. The source supernova exploded circa 3,000 BC to 6,000 BC, and the remnants have since expanded to cover an area roughly 3 degrees in diameter (about 6 times the diameter, or 36 times the area, of the full moon).

The Veil Nebula Complex has three main visual components:

The Western Veil (also known as Caldwell 34), consisting of NGC 6960 (the "Witch's Broom", "Finger of God", or "Filamentary Nebula") near the foreground star 52 Cygni;

The Eastern Veil (also known as Caldwell 33), whose brightest area is NGC 6992, trailing off farther south into NGC 6995 (together with NGC 6992 also known as "Network Nebula") and IC 1340; and

Pickering's Triangle (or Pickering's Triangular Wisp), brightest at the north central edge of the loop, but visible in photographs continuing toward the central area of the loop.

NGC 6974 and NGC 6979 are luminous knots in a fainter patch of nebulosity on the northern rim between NGC 6992 and Pickering's Triangle.

About Star Colors:

You will notice that star colors differ from red, orange and yellow, to blue. This is an indication of the temperature of the star's Nuclear Fusion process. This is determined by the size and mass of the star, and the stage of its life cycle. In short, the blue stars are hotter, and the red ones are cooler.

Imaging:

Photographed in Adobe RGB and the Narrowband Hydrogen-Alpha (Hα) spectral line of 656.28nm.

Image Acquisition:

Sequence Generator Pro with the "Mosaic and Framing Wizard".

Plate Solving:

Astrometry.net ANSVR Blind Solver via SGP.

Processing:

Pre-Processing and Linear workflow in PixInsight,

and finished in Photoshop.

Astrometry Info:

View an Annotated Sky Chart of thie image.

Center RA, Dec: 312.888, 31.164

Center RA, hms: 20h 51m 33.081s

Center Dec, dms: +31° 09' 51.606"

Size: 3.3 x 2.46 deg

Radius: 2.059 deg

Pixel scale: 6.61 arcsec/pixel

Orientation: Up is 178 degrees E of N

Martin

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J'ai ici encore opté pour la technique visant à faire ressortir le signal de l'Hydrogène excité: la session a été divisée en deux sous session, l'une en RGB et l'autre en ayant ajouté un filtre Kenko R1 sur l'objectif, afin d'obtenir, en combinaison avec le filtre interférentiel LPS-V4-N5, un filtrage en bande moyenne d'environ 19nm (www.sciencecenter.net/hutech/idas/lpsv4.htm)

Les deux sous sessions ont été assemblées indépendamment dans IRIS et les 2 fichiers résultants ensuite combinés, puis passés dans Photoshop CS4. L'idée était à la base de refaire une sous session supplémentaire en bleu, mais le filtre bleu n'entrait pas dans la tirette à filtre du 200-400...

13 Darks, 19 Offsets (Darks et Offsets ont été utilisés pour les 2 sous sessions); 21 (RGB) et 15 (R) Flats . Assemblage dans IRIS et cosmétique dans Photoshop CS4. Nikon D5300 modifié astro par Eos for Astro, Nikkor 200-400mm F/4, filtre IDAS LPS-V4-N5, filtre Kenko R1, télécommande Twin1 ISR2 + Monture Astrotrac 320x.

Paramètres: 90s F/4 ISO 3200, 250mm.

Série prise le samedi 21 avril 2018

Same data as earlier post but full resolution, and with a little different work flow in Images Plus, which keeps the stars a bit smaller and possibly better overall color.

While appearing as a delicate and light veil draped across the sky, this image from the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope actually depicts a small section of the Cygnus supernova blast wave, located around 2,400 light-years away. The name of the supernova remnant comes from its position in the northern constellation of Cygnus (the Swan), where it covers an area 36 times larger than the full Moon.

The original supernova explosion blasted apart a dying star about 20 times more massive than our Sun between 10,000 and 20,000 years ago. Since then, the remnant has expanded 60 light-years from its center. The shockwave marks the outer edge of the supernova remnant and continues to expand at around 220 miles per second. The interaction of the ejected material and the low-density interstellar material swept up by the shockwave forms the distinctive veil-like structure seen in this image.

Text credit: ESA (European Space Agency)

Image credit: ESA/Hubble & NASA, W. Blair; acknowledgment: Leo Shatz

For more information: www.nasa.gov/image-feature/goddard/2020/hubble-views-edge...

Les Dentelles du Cygne (Veil Nebula): 30 images

7 Darks, 29 Offsets ; 22 Flats. Assemblage dans IRIS et cosmétique dans Photoshop CS4. Nikon D5300 modifié astro par Eos for Astro, Nikkor 70-200mm F/2.8, télécommande Twin1 ISR2 + Monture Skywatcher EQ6 R Pro+ filtre IDAS LPS-V4-N5

Paramètres: 301s F/3.5 ISO 800, 200mm.

Série prise le 12.9.2018 depuis mon balcon en périphérie de La Chaux-de-Fonds.

Les dentelles du Cygne sont un rémanent de supernova situé à environ 1470 années lumière, issu de l'explosion d'une étoile 20 fois plus massive que le Soleil, il y a environ 8000 ans... La couleur rouge est issue de l'hydrogène excité (sa bande alpha) alors que la couleur bleue provient de l'oxygène (sa bande O III), l'un des derniers éléments synthétisés par l'étoile avant sa spectaculaire explosion...

Source: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veil_Nebula

This is an image of a small portion of the Cygnus Loop supernova remnant, which marks the edge of a bubble-like, expanding blast wave from a colossal stellar explosion that occurred about 15,000 years ago. The Hubble image shows the structure behind the shock waves in the Cygnus Loop with unprecedented clarity, allowing astronomers to compare the actual structure of the shock with theoretical model calculations. The supernova blast wave is slamming into tenuous clouds of interstellar gas. This collision heats and compresses the gas, causing it to glow.

For more information, visit: hubblesite.org/contents/news-releases/1993/news-1993-01.html

Credit: J.J. Hester (Arizona State University) and NASA; Co-investigators: P.A. Scowen (Arizona State University), Ed Groth (Princeton University), Tod Lauer (NOAO), and the WFPC Instrument Definition Team

Target: SH2-115 is an area in Cygnus with the planetary nebula PK085+04.1 that I could not locate a common name for.

This was imaged over 2 nights from my backyard in a Houston suburb. This was a first time I created a synthetic luminance from a starless SHO, processed it and applied in using LRGB Combination in Pixinsight.

Gear:

• Mount: ZWO AM5

• Main Cam: ZWO ASI294MM Pro @ gain 120 and -10C

• Guide Cam: ZWO ASI120MM Mini with Askar OAG

• Telescope: Askar 103APO w/ 1x flattener - 700mm f/6.8

• Filter: Antlia EDGE Antlia SHO 4.5nm

Acquisition:

• Ha Filter - 3h 45min of 300 sec subs

• Oiii Filter - 3h 40min of 300 sec subs

• Sessions: 2025-07-21 and 27

• Location: Houston Backyard ~ Bortle 8/9

Pixinsight Processing - L_SHO Cygnus area

• Auto DBE, BTX correct, BTX

• Clone channels and STX

• Stars only channels

• NB to RGB Stars Combination script w/o star stretch

• GHX Arcsinh stretch

• Starless only channels

• Restore stars to clone

• Linear Fit, Statistical Stretch, LRGB Combination

• STX discard stars, NXT if needed, create synthetic Lum channel

• NBNormalization if needed

• HT to set black point, Curves for color balance, Saturation

• Lum channel

• HT, Curves, unsharp mask as needed

• LSHO

• LRGB combination

• HDRMT, Dark Structure Enhance if needed

Photoshop Processing

• Starless

• Levels color balancing

• ACR highlights, black point, clarity, color mixer, noise reduction

• Stars

• Screen mode

• Curves, Protect large stars reduce levels on tiny

• Duplicate Layer add black mask, reveal larger and apparent closer stars

• Watermark

4panel mosaic about 36 hours total integration SHO. RGB stars. Mosaic alignment by astronomic solution. Total processing time about 50 years

Les Dentelles du Cygne (Veil Nebula).

Deuxième essai de traitement Iris et PS CS4

3 Darks, 9 Offsets ; 19 Flats. Assemblage dans IRIS et cosmétique dans Photoshop CS4. Nikon D5300 modifié astro par Eos for Astro, Nikkor 70-200mm F/2.8, télécommande Twin1 ISR2 + Monture Astrotrac 320x+ filtre IDAS LPS-D1-N

Paramètres: 120s F/3.2 ISO 2000, 200mm.

Série prise le 18.6.2017

Autre traitement: www.flickr.com/photos/achrntatrps/35349471174/in/photostr...

SIMPLE = T / file does conform to FITS standard

BITPIX = -32 / number of bits per data pixel

NAXIS = 3 / number of data axes

NAXIS1 = 4144 / length of data axis 1

NAXIS2 = 2822 / length of data axis 2

NAXIS3 = 3 / length of data axis 3

EXTEND = T / FITS dataset may contain extensions

COMMENT FITS (Flexible Image Transport System) format is defined in 'Astronomy

COMMENT and Astrophysics', volume 376, page 359; bibcode: 2001A&A...376..359H

BZERO = 0 / offset data range to that of unsigned short

BSCALE = 1 / default scaling factor

DATE = '2024-08-06T05:59:19' / UTC date that FITS file was created

DATE-OBS= '2024-08-05T20:41:59.777651' / YYYY-MM-DDThh🇲🇲ss observation start,

INSTRUME= 'ZWO ASI294MC Pro' / instrument name

OBSERVER= ' ' / observer name

TELESCOP= 'On-Camera-ST4' / telescope used to acquire this image

ROWORDER= 'BOTTOM-UP' / Order of the rows in image array

XPIXSZ = 4.63 / X pixel size microns

YPIXSZ = 4.63 / Y pixel size microns

XBINNING= 1 / Camera binning mode

YBINNING= 1 / Camera binning mode

FOCALLEN= 247.68 / Camera focal length

CCD-TEMP= 0 / CCD temp in C

EXPTIME = 30 / Exposure time [s]

STACKCNT= 300 / Stack frames

LIVETIME= 9000 / Exposure time after deadtime correction

EXPSTART= 2.46053e+06 / Exposure start time (standard Julian date)

EXPEND = 2.46053e+06 / Exposure end time (standard Julian date)

IMAGETYP= 'Light ' / Type of image

CVF = 0.385454 / Conversion factor (e-/adu)

GAIN = 203 / Camera gain

OFFSET = 30 / Camera offset

CTYPE1 = 'RA---TAN' / Coordinate type for the first axis

CTYP

Published on the NASA website Hubble Views Edge of Stellar Blast

While appearing as a delicate and light veil draped across the sky, this image from the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope actually depicts a small section of the Cygnus supernova blast wave, located around 2,400 light-years away. The name of the supernova remnant comes from its position in the northern constellation of Cygnus (the Swan), where it covers an area 36 times larger than the full Moon.

The original supernova explosion blasted apart a dying star about 20 times more massive than our Sun between 10,000 and 20,000 years ago. Since then, the remnant has expanded 60 light-years from its center. The shockwave marks the outer edge of the supernova remnant and continues to expand at around 220 miles per second. The interaction of the ejected material and the low-density interstellar material swept up by the shockwave forms the distinctive veil-like structure seen in this image.

Text credit: ESA (European Space Agency)

Image credit: ESA/Hubble & NASA, W. Blair; acknowledgment: Leo Shatz

A disclaimer: ESA/Hubble does not publish artwork from external parties, they do their own processing from scratch. The acknowledgement was attributed to my prior artwork of this object.

The Veil Nebula is a cloud of heated and ionized gas and dust in the constellation Cygnus. It constitutes the visible portions of the Cygnus Loop, a large but relatively faint supernova remnant. This is the Western Veil also known as Caldwell 34 and consisting of NGC 6960 (Witch''s Broom, Finger of God, etc.). This is a mix of 60 and 90 second exposures at ISO 3200 with a total exposure time of 24 minutes using a Canon 6D and 400mm lens. The photo was taken on August 17, 2014.

The Veil Nebula is one of the most spectacular supernova remnants in the sky, extending 110 light-years across and covering an area of sky six times larger than the full moon. The western section of the Veil is Caldwell 34 (or NGC 6960), while the eastern part is Caldwell 33. The remains of a star — once 20 times as massive as the Sun — that exploded several thousand years ago, the Veil Nebula lies about 2,000 light-years away in the constellation Cygnus. It is often referred to as the Cygnus Loop because of its arced shapes.

This Hubble image displays a section of Caldwell 34 also known as the “Witch’s Broom” that’s roughly two light-years across, covering only a tiny fraction of the nebula’s structure. It’s a mosaic of six Hubble pictures taken with the Wide Field Camera 3 in April 2015.

The fast-moving blast wave from the supernova explosion is plowing into a wall of cool, denser interstellar gas, emitting light and forcing twisting tendrils of gas into a frenetic ballet. The nebula lies along the edge of a large bubble of low-density gas that was blown into space by the dying star prior to its self-detonation.

This image shows an incredible array of structure and detail from the collision between the blast wave and the gas and dust that make up the cavity wall. The nebula resembles a crumpled bed sheet viewed from the side. The bright regions are where the shock wave is encountering relatively dense material or where the "bed sheet" ripples are viewed edge on.

By comparing these 2015 observations to images taken by Hubble in 1997, astronomers can study how the nebula has expanded in the intervening 18 years. And by studying the nebula’s structure, scientists have learned more about how the formation of the nebula’s tendrils have been influenced by density variations in the expelled stellar material as well as the space around it.

Astronomer William Herschel identified the Veil Nebula in 1784. His work was followed up by Williamina Fleming’s 1904 discovery of a fainter portion of the nebula, referred to as Pickering’s Triangle (after the director of the Harvard College Observatory, where Fleming worked). The Veil Nebula is best viewed in early autumn from the Northern Hemisphere (early spring in the Southern Hemisphere). Roughly magnitude 8, the nebula is not visible to the naked eye, but it can be seen through a telescope or even binoculars under a dark sky. A nebula filter will help brighten the Veil’s appearance and pull out its wispy features.

For more information about Hubble’s observations of Caldwell 34, see:

hubblesite.org/contents/media/images/2015/29/3620-Image.html

hubblesite.org/contents/news-releases/2007/news-2007-30.html

Credit: NASA, ESA, and the Hubble Heritage Team

For Hubble's Caldwell catalog website and information on how to find these objects in the night sky, visit:

www.nasa.gov/content/goddard/hubble-s-caldwell-catalog

While appearing as a delicate and light veil draped across the sky, this image from the Hubble Space Telescope actually depicts a small section of the Cygnus supernova blast wave, located around 2,400 light-years away. The name of the supernova remnant comes from its position in the northern constellation of Cygnus (The Swan), where it covers an area 36 times larger than the full moon.

The original supernova explosion blasted apart a dying star about 20 times more massive than our Sun between 10,000 and 20,000 years ago. Since then, the remnant has expanded 60 light-years from its center. The interaction of the ejected material and the low-density interstellar material swept up by the shockwave forms the distinctive veil-like structure seen in this image.

Credit: ESA/Hubble & NASA, W. Blair

Acknowledgement: Leo Shatz

For more information, visit: www.spacetelescope.org/images/potw2034a/

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A small section of the Veil Nebula including NGC 6995, NGC 6992 and IC 1340. The Veil Nebula is a cloud of heated and ionized gas and dust in the constellation Cygnus. It constitutes the visible portions of the Cygnus Loop (radio source W78, or Sharpless 103), a large but relatively faint Supernova remnant. The source Supernova exploded between 5,000 to 8,000 years ago.

About this image:

3 minute ISO 3200 exposures, imaged in the rural dark skies of the Freestate, South Africa.

Gear:

GSO 6" f/4 Imaging Newtonian Reflector Telescope.

Baader Mark-III MPCC Coma Corrector.

Astronomik CLS Light Pollution Filter.

Celestron SkySync GPS Accessory.

Orion Mini 50mm Guide Scope.

Orion StarShoot Autoguider.

Celestron AVX Mount.

QHYCCD PoleMaster.

Celestron StarSense.

Canon 60Da DSLR.

Tech:

Guiding in Open PHD 2.6.1.

Image acquisition in Sequence Generator Pro.

Lights/Subs: 15 x 180 sec. ISO 3200 CFA FIT Files.

Calibration Frames:

50 x Bias

30 x Darks

Pre-Processing and Linear workflow in PixInsight,

and finished in Photoshop.

Astrometry Info:

nova.astrometry.net/user_images/1217461#annotated

RA, Dec center: 314.096955884, 31.3485963115 degrees

Orientation: 1.18074287029 deg E of N

Pixel scale: 5.484996781 arcsec/pixel

View in the World Wide Telescope.

Martin

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[Home Page] [Photography Showcase] [My Free Photo App]

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This Hubble image focuses on a tiny tendril in Caldwell 33, the Eastern Veil Nebula. By comparing this Hubble image taken in 1997 with an old ground-based photograph from 1953, scientists measured how far the shock front has moved and used that information to estimate the nebula’s age.

Credit: ESA & Digitized Sky Survey (Caltech)

For Hubble's Caldwell catalog website and information on how to find these objects in the night sky, visit:

www.nasa.gov/content/goddard/hubble-s-caldwell-catalog

Once upon a time there were one or two massive stars in the direction of constellation Cygnus. They exploded badly and shined extremely strongly for a short while 10 or 20 thousand years ago. The stars left this gas and dust behind. The irregular and random distribution of gas and dust are expanding at more than 100km/second at 2,400 light-years away from us. The high velocity makes the faint reddish arch surrounding the area like bow shock at the apex of ship. All in all, this is a supernova remnant. Thus they say.

Here is another sample of infrared bow shock in Camelopardalis:

www.flickr.com/photos/hiroc/53361264020

Equipment: Takahashi FSQ-130ED, F3 Reducer 0.6x, IDAS NB12 Dual Narrowband Filter, and EOS R-SP4II, modified by Seo San on ZWO AM5n Equatorial Mount, autoguided with Fujinon 1:2.8/75mm C-Mount Lens, Pentax x2 Extender, ZWO ASI 174MM-mini, and PHD2 Guiding

Exposure: 4 times x 900 seconds, 6 x 240 sec, and 6 x 60 seconds at ISO 6,400 and f/3.0, focal length 390mm

There encroached clouds, and exposure session got short.

site: 1,118m above sea level at lat. 38 56 39 North and long. 140 48 17 East in Iwakagami-daira on the southern slope of Mt. Kurikoma in Kurihara Miyagi 宮城県栗原市 栗駒山 いわかがみ平

Ambient temperature was around 13 degrees Celsius or 55 degrees Fahrenheit. Wind was mild.

Once upon a time there were one or two massive stars in the direction of constellation Cygnus. They exploded badly and shined extremely strongly for a short while 10 or 20 thousand years ago. The stars left this gas and dust behind. The irregular and random distribution of gas and dust are expanding at more than 100km/second at 2,400 light-years away from us. The high velocity makes the faint reddish arch surrounding the area like bow shock at the apex of ship. All in all, this is a supernova remnant. Thus they say.

Here is another sample of infrared bow shock in Camelopardalis:

www.flickr.com/photos/hiroc/53361264020

Equipment: Takahashi FSQ-130ED, F3 Reducer 0.6x, IDAS NB12 Dual Narrowband Filter, and EOS R-SP4II, modified by Seo San on ZWO AM5n Equatorial Mount, autoguided with Fujinon 1:2.8/75mm C-Mount Lens, Pentax x2 Extender, ZWO ASI 174MM-mini, and PHD2 Guiding

Exposure: 4 times x 900 seconds, 6 x 240 sec, and 6 x 60 seconds at ISO 6,400 and f/3.0, focal length 390mm

There encroached clouds, and exposure session got short.

site: 1,118m above sea level at lat. 38 56 39 North and long. 140 48 17 East in Iwakagami-daira on the southern slope of Mt. Kurikoma in Kurihara Miyagi 宮城県栗原市 栗駒山 いわかがみ平

Ambient temperature was around 13 degrees Celsius or 55 degrees Fahrenheit. Wind was mild.

Français en haut / English Below

[FR]

La région du Cygne

Je viens de changer de setup et tant qu'à essyer tous les platres, autant le faire sur une cible facile et très belle. J'ai donc ciblé la région du cygne qui sort de derrière les montagnes pile vers 22h30.

J'ai centré ma photo sur les étoiles Debeb (à gauche de l'image, nommée aussi alpha Cygni, une supergéante blanche distante de 1550 AL de nous. C'est l'étoile la plus brillante de cette région du ciel : bien que très lointaine, sa magnitude est de 1.25) et Sadr (à droite de l'image, nommée aussi gamma Cygni, une supergéante jaune/blanche se situant à environ 1800 AL, donc très lointaine bien qu'elle reste très brillante, de magnitude 2.23). Le nouveau setup, un Canon 6D (donc full frame) me donne un cadrage très différent (bien plus large) que celui que j'avais avec mon Canon 1200D. Sur la même photo je pouvais attraper les nébuleuses d'Amérique du nord et du Pélican, jusqu'à C27 (la nébuleuse du croissant).

La constellation du cygne est traversée par la voie lactée, l'étoile centrale de la constellation, Sadr, se trouvant en plein dedans. Les régions alentours, principalement rouges, sont des nuages de gaz présents dans l'espace interstellaire, échauffés par les nombreuses étoiles, et émettant dans la bande alpha du spectre lumineux de l'hydrogène. On distingue aussi des régions bleues ou tirant vers le bleu ; ce sont des régions riches en oxygène.

Il y a quelques objets notables. En premier, une sorte de bulle jaune à droite. C'est NGC 6888 (ou Caldwell 27), la nébuleuse du croissant. Cette bulle se situe à 5000 AL de nous. Les vents stellaires produits par l'étoile centrale de Wolf-Rayet WR136 (que l'on ne voit pas sur la photo) poussent les gaz vers l'extérieur formant ainsi une forme de bulle. Une étoile de Wolf-Rayet est une très grosse étoile, de plusieurs dizaines de fois la masse du soleil, qui a une durée de vie courte et expulse des quantités astronomiques de matière sous forme de vents stellaires. Ces étoiles ne consomment plus d'hydrogène (qui a très vite été consumé) mais des éléments plus lourds comme de l'hélium, du carbone, de l'oxygène. Lorsque le noyau de l'étoile est à nu (que l'étoile a tout expulsé), celle-ci explose en supernova. Boum !

Immédiatement à gauche en haut de Sadr, on voit une tâche plus claire. C'est un amas ouvert, NGC 6910 se situant à 3710 AL. Plus à gauche et plus haut encore de Sadr, on voit une tâche bleue (plusieurs tâches précisément). Il s'agit de NGC 6914, un ensemble de nébuleuses en émission et réflexion situées à 6000 AL de nous et faisant environ 50 AL de large (pour une jolie photo de ces nébuleuses, je recommande celle-ci : www.cidehom.com/apod.php?_date=110304). En haut de l'image, à la verticale de Sadr, se trouve une autre tâche brillante : IC 1311. C'est un amas ouvert formé d'une centaine d'étoiles. Vous trouverez une vue détaillée de cet amas là : www.hansonastronomy.com/ic-1311-in-cygnus

Plusieurs autres points brillants de cette image sont des étoiles du cygne (40 cygni, 42 cygni, 44 cygni en bas ; 28 cygni, 29 cygno, 36 cygni à droite). Il y a cependant une étoile particulière parmi celles qui restent : Le revenant du cygne (revenant of the swan)(P cygni de sa dénomination scientifique). Sur la photo, c'est le premier point très brillant situé sous la nébuleuse du croissant à sa verticale. Il s'agit d'une hypergéante bleue variable située à plus de 5000 AL (5000 à 6000 AL). Elle a une masse de 37 fois celle du soleil et a un diamètre 76 fois plus important. Elle est aussi 610000 fois plus lumineuse que lui. C'est tout simplement une des étoiles les plus lumineuses de la voie lactée. Elle a connu des variations importantes avec des phases extrêmement lumineuses atteignant la magnitude 3 en 1600 (visible à l'oeil nu sans peine) et 5 en 1715. Cela lui vaut le qualificatif de nova permanente. Elle devrait finir sa vie en supernova bientôt (... à l'échelle cosmique).

A sa droite, on voit un amas ouvert, IC 4996. c'est un amas jeune, âgé de 8 à 10 millions d'années et situé à 6250 AL.

La boule rouge à droite de la photo, sous le croissant, est une nébuleuse en émission répertoriée sous le nom SH2-104. Elle est très éloignée puisqu'elle se trouve à 14400 AL de nous, dans les régions extérieures de la galaxie, vraisemblablement dans le bras de Persée (le système solaire, lui , se trouve sur le bras d'Orion de la galaxie).

Sur le côté gauche de l'image, autour de Debeb, il y a aussi de nombreuses nébuleuses. En premier, les plus évidentes sont en dessous les nébuleuses d'amérique du nord NGC 7000 (à gauche) et du pélican IC 5070(à droite), les deux séparées par un mur sombre de poussières. Sous NGC 7000 se trouve NGC 7044, un amas ouvert très brillant distant de 10500 AL et large de 19 AL. Au dessus à gauche de NGC 7000 on voit une large tache brillante ; c'est IC 5076, une nébuleuse par reflexion distante de 5700 AL.

L'astrométrie : nova.astrometry.net/annotated_full/13327767

Pour la technique : j'en ai bien bavé parce qu'évidemment je n'avais rien qui allait bien pour le Canon 6D. La dummy batterie n'était pas assez alimentée par mes convertisseurs USB 5V. J'ai du fonctionner sur batterie,; De plus, j'avais initialement en tête de mettre le 6D sur le télescope, mais j'ai du renoncer car je n'ai pas trouvé mon cordon snap long. Bref, c'était pénible. J'ai donc fait l'acquisition sur batterie (1 seule). J'ai commencé les acquisitions à 22h50 pendant une dizaine de minutes et ... me suis rendu compte que j'avais oublié le masque de bahtinov. C'était joli toutes ces aigrettes, mais bon. Donc la vraie acquisition a commencé à 23h et s'est terminée avec la fin de la batterie à 1h. J'ai fait près de 200 photos de 40 secondes chacune et en ai gardé 171, soit 1h56 de cumul. Les photos ont été faites à 1600 iso avec un Canon 6D partiellement défiltré par IRPhotomax + objectif Samyang 135 f/1.4 @f/2.8. J'ai également fait 30/30/30 DOF ... à la maison au petit matin parce qu'évidemment je n'avais plus de batterie. Le suivi était assuré par une monture Skywatcher Star Adventurer.

Pour le traitement, j'ai utilise Siril (+ Gimp pour la signature). J'ai fais ça vite et pas très très bien. Je la reprendrait à l'occasion.

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The Cygnus Region

I just changed my setup and since I’m testing everything out, I might as well do it on an easy and very beautiful target. So I focused on the Cygnus region, which rises from behind the mountains right around 10:30 PM.

I centered my photo on the stars Deneb (on the left of the image, also known as Alpha Cygni, a white supergiant 1,550 light-years away from us — it's the brightest star in this region of the sky: although very distant, its magnitude is 1.25) and Sadr (on the right of the image, also known as Gamma Cygni, a yellow-white supergiant located about 1,800 light-years away — very distant but still very bright, with a magnitude of 2.23). The new setup, a Canon 6D (full-frame), gives me a very different framing (much wider) than I had with my Canon 1200D. On the same image, I was able to capture the North America and Pelican Nebulae all the way to C27 (the Crescent Nebula).

The Cygnus constellation is crossed by the Milky Way, with the central star of the constellation, Sadr, sitting right in the middle of it. The surrounding regions, mainly red, are clouds of gas in interstellar space, heated by the many stars and emitting in the hydrogen alpha band of the light spectrum. You can also spot blueish regions — these are areas rich in oxygen.

There are a few notable objects. First, a sort of yellow bubble on the right. This is NGC 6888 (or Caldwell 27), the Crescent Nebula. This bubble is located 5,000 light-years away from us. The stellar winds produced by the central Wolf-Rayet star WR136 (not visible in the photo) push the gas outward, forming a bubble shape. A Wolf-Rayet star is a massive star, several tens of times the mass of the Sun, with a short lifespan that expels astronomical amounts of matter through stellar winds. These stars no longer burn hydrogen (which was consumed very quickly) but instead heavier elements like helium, carbon, and oxygen. When the core of the star is exposed (the star has expelled everything), it ends its life in a supernova. Boom!

Immediately above and to the left of Sadr, you can see a lighter patch. This is an open cluster, NGC 6910, located 3,710 light-years away. Further to the left and higher up from Sadr, you can see a bluish patch (actually several patches). This is NGC 6914, a combination of emission and reflection nebulae located 6,000 light-years from us and about 50 light-years across (for a nice image of these nebulae, I recommend this one: www.cidehom.com/apod.php?_date=110304). At the top of the image, vertically aligned with Sadr, there is another bright patch: IC 1311. This is an open cluster composed of about a hundred stars. You can find a detailed view of this cluster here: www.hansonastronomy.com/ic-1311-in-cygnus

Several other bright points in this image are stars in Cygnus (40 Cygni, 42 Cygni, 44 Cygni at the bottom; 28 Cygni, 29 Cygni, 36 Cygni to the right). However, there is one particularly special star among them: the "Ghost of the Swan" (a.k.a. P Cygni, its scientific designation). In the photo, it’s the first very bright point located directly below the Crescent Nebula. This is a variable blue hypergiant more than 5,000 light-years away (between 5,000 and 6,000). It has a mass 37 times that of the Sun and a diameter 76 times greater. It is also 610,000 times more luminous than the Sun. It is simply one of the brightest stars in the Milky Way. It has undergone significant variations, with extremely luminous phases reaching magnitude 3 in 1600 (easily visible to the naked eye) and 5 in 1715. This earned it the title of a permanent nova. It should end its life in a supernova soon (... on a cosmic scale).

To its right, you can see an open cluster, IC 4996. This is a young cluster, 8 to 10 million years old, and located 6,250 light-years away.

The red ball to the right of the photo, below the Crescent, is an emission nebula known as SH2-104. It is very distant, at 14,400 light-years from us, in the outer regions of the galaxy, likely in the Perseus Arm (the solar system itself is located on the Orion Arm of the galaxy).

On the left side of the image, around Deneb, there are also many nebulae. First, the most obvious ones are the North America Nebula NGC 7000 (on the left) and the Pelican Nebula IC 5070 (on the right), both separated by a dark wall of dust. Below NGC 7000 is NGC 7044, a very bright open cluster 10,500 light-years away and 19 light-years across. Above and to the left of NGC 7000, there’s a large bright patch; this is IC 5076, a reflection nebula 5,700 light-years away.

Astrometry: nova.astrometry.net/annotated_full/13327767

Technical Details: It was quite a struggle because, of course, nothing was properly set up for the Canon 6D. The dummy battery wasn’t sufficiently powered by my 5V USB converters. I had to run everything on one battery. I initially planned to mount the 6D on the telescope, but I had to give up because I couldn’t find my long snap cable. So, yeah, it was a bit of a pain. I ended up doing the capture on battery (just one). I started the exposures at 10:50 PM for about ten minutes and... realized I had forgotten the Bahtinov mask. Those diffraction spikes looked nice, but still. So the actual capture started at 11 PM and ended when the battery died at 1 AM. I took nearly 200 photos, each 40 seconds long, and kept 171 — a total integration time of 1h56. The photos were taken at ISO 1600 with a Canon 6D partially modified by IRPhotomax + Samyang 135mm f/1.4 lens @ f/2.8. I also did 30/30/30 DOF... at home in the early morning, because naturally I had no battery left. Tracking was done with a Skywatcher Star Adventurer mount.

For processing, I used Siril (+ Gimp for the signature). I did it quickly and not super well. I’ll probably redo it sometime.

Once upon a time there were one or two massive stars in the direction of constellation Cygnus. They exploded badly and shined extremely strongly for a short while 10 or 20 thousand years ago. The stars left this gas and dust behind. The irregular and random distribution of gas and dust are expanding at more than 100km/second at 2,400 light-years away from us. The high velocity makes the faint reddish arch surrounding the area like bow shock at the apex of ship. All in all, this is a supernova remnant. Thus they say.

Here is another sample of infrared bow shock in Camelopardalis:

www.flickr.com/photos/hiroc/53361264020

Equipment: Takahashi FSQ-130ED, F3 Reducer 0.6x, IDAS NB12 Dual Narrowband Filter, and EOS R-SP4II, modified by Seo San on ZWO AM5n Equatorial Mount, autoguided with Fujinon 1:2.8/75mm C-Mount Lens, Pentax x2 Extender, ZWO ASI 174MM-mini, and PHD2 Guiding

Exposure: 4 times x 900 seconds, 6 x 240 sec, and 6 x 60 seconds at ISO 6,400 and f/3.0, focal length 390mm

There encroached clouds, and exposure session got short.

site: 1,118m above sea level at lat. 38 56 39 North and long. 140 48 17 East in Iwakagami-daira on the southern slope of Mt. Kurikoma in Kurihara Miyagi 宮城県栗原市 栗駒山 いわかがみ平

Ambient temperature was around 13 degrees Celsius or 55 degrees Fahrenheit. Wind was mild.

This is a large supernova remnant, an expanding cloud of shocked gas, born of the death explosion of a massive star. Light from the original supernova explosion reached Earth over 5,000 years ago. This is the western section of the veil nebula complex which spans over 3 degrees of sky.

The weather has been pretty miserable here lately so thought I'd rework this data from last year a bit and added some star colour from the Canon 450D that I didn't get around to doing last year. Its based on the right hand panel from the original mosaic at:

www.flickr.com/photos/42731607@N08/6267814368/in/photostream

Tech details below:

TMB 92ss + Borg DG-L .85x reducer @ F4.7

Mount - EQ6

Starlight Xpress SXVR-H18 @ -20 degs

QHY5 PHD guiding, guidesope Meade 127

Ha - Baader 7nm - 15x12min

O3 - Baader 8nm - 15x12min

6 hours total

Messed about trying different colour blends a fair bit but ended up with:

Red - Ha

Green - OIII 70% Ha 30%

Blue - OIII 90% Ha 10%

Captured in Nebulosity 2

Calibration, stack and DDP in Images Plus

Curves + all other processing PS CS3

Imaging telescope or lens:GSO 8" f/5 Newton

Imaging camera:ZWO ASI 183 MM PRO

Mount:SkyWatcher NEQ6 Pro Goto

Guiding telescope or lens:GSO 8" f/5 Newton

Guiding camera:Astrolumina Alccd5L-IIc

Focal reducer:Pal Gyulai GPU Aplanatic Koma Korrector 4-element

Software:Adobe PhotoShop CS5, FitsWork 4, CCDCiel, DeepSky Stacker Deep Sky Stacker 3.3.4, PHD2 Guiding

Filters:Baader Ha 1.25" 7nm, Baader Planetarium O3 1.25" 8.5nm, Baader R 1.25'' CCD Filter, Baader B 1.25'' CCD Filter, Baader G 1.25'' CCD Filter

Accessory:TSOptics TS Off Axis Guider - 9mm

Dates:Aug. 12, 2018, Aug. 15, 2018

Frames:

Baader B 1.25'' CCD Filter: 21x120" (gain: 200.00) -20C bin 1x1

Baader G 1.25'' CCD Filter: 21x120" (gain: 200.00) -20C bin 1x1

Baader Ha 1.25" 7nm: 9x600" (gain: 200.00) -20C bin 1x1

Baader Planetarium O3 1.25" 8.5nm: 8x600" (gain: 200.00) -20C bin 1x1

Baader R 1.25'' CCD Filter: 33x120" (gain: 200.00) -20C bin 1x1

Integration: 5.3 hours

Darks: 29

Flats: 27

Object description (wikipedia.org) :

The Veil Nebula is a cloud of heated and ionized gas and dust in the constellation Cygnus. It constitutes the visible portions of the Cygnus Loop (radio source W78, or Sharpless 103), a large but relatively faint supernova remnant. The source supernova exploded circa 3,000 BC to 6,000 BC, and the remnants have since expanded to cover an area roughly 3 degrees in diameter (about 6 times the diameter, or 36 times the area, of the full Moon). The distance to the nebula is not precisely known, but Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer (FUSE) data supports a distance of about 1,470 light-years.

The Hubble Space Telescope captured several images of the nebula. The analysis of the emissions from the nebula indicate the presence of oxygen, sulfur, and hydrogen. This is also one of the largest, brightest features in the x-ray sky.

Pickering's Triangle (or Pickering's Triangular Wisp), brightest at the north central edge of the loop, but visible in photographs continuing toward the central area of the loop.

Les Dentelles du Cygne (Veil Nebula).

Quatrième essai, cette fois sur une partie seulement du rémanent de supernova. Traitement Iris et PS CS4

18 images 4 Darks, 8 Offsets ; 11 Flats. Assemblage dans IRIS et cosmétique dans Photoshop CS4. Nikon D5300 modifié astro par Eos for Astro, Nikkor 200-400mm F/4, télécommande Twin1 ISR2 + Monture Astrotrac 320x+ filtre IDAS LPS-D1-N

Paramètres: 120s F/4.5 ISO 2000, 400mm (équivalent 600mm en 24x36).

Série prise le 26.8.2017

Bright strips of X-ray data record the slew history of ESA’s XMM-Newton as it moves its focus between different objects in the sky. The image contains information of over 1200 individual slews made between 2001 and 2012, and covers about 62% of the sky. It is a mosaic of 73 178 individual images of 1 x 0.5 degrees and is shown in Galactic projection, with the Galactic plane lying across the centre of the image. The data cover an energy range of 0.2–2 keV.

A number of well-known X-ray sources are seen in the image, including the Vela supernova remnant (the bright white feature at the far right), the Cygnus Loop (far left), Scorpius X-1 (just above the image centre), and the Small and Large Magellanic Clouds (in the south ecliptic pole, within the concentrated region of overlapping slews at the bottom right of the image).

Credit: A. Read (University of Leicester)/ESA

Read more on the ESA website: www.esa.int/Our_Activities/Space_Science/Dance_of_the_X-rays

English below:

Il Velo del Cigno è un resto di supernova che ha un'estensione angolare di circa 3 gradi e, secondo le osservazioni più precise, la distanza da noi è di circa 1470 anni luce. E' catalogato come Sh2-103 (W78 come sorgente radio) ma le sue parti hanno identificazione del più utilizzato catalogo NGC, la parte orientale è NGC 6992 e 6995, mentre la parte più occidentale è NGC6960.

Per riprenderlo quasi nella sua interezza, ho esguito un mosaico di 2x2, ogni pannello ha circa 5 ore e mezza di integrazione con pose guidate da 10 minuti con filtro dualband Antlia ALP-T 5nm per la nebulosa mentre per le stelle sono un'ora di pose da 60 secondi senza filtri. Telescopio newton 150/600 con correttore Tecnosky 0.95x, camera Tecnosky Vision 571C, montatura Eq6-R Pro, elaborazione in Pixinsight.

The Cygnus Loop is a supernova remnant with an angular extension of about 3 degrees and, according to the most precise observations, its distance from us is about 1,470 light-years. It is cataloged as Sh2-103 (W78 as a radio source), but its parts are identified in the most widely used NGC catalog: the eastern part is NGC 6992 and 6995, while the westernmost part is NGC 6960.

To capture it almost in its entirety, I created a 2x2 mosaic. Each panel took about 5.5 hours of integration, with 10-minute guided exposures using an Antlia ALP-T 5nm dual-band filter for the nebula, and one hour of 60-second exposures without filters for the stars. 150/600 Newtonian telescope with Tecnosky 0.95x corrector, Tecnosky Vision 571C camera, Eq6-R Pro mount, Pixinsight processing.

Once upon a time there were one or two massive stars in the direction of constellation Cygnus. They exploded badly and shined extremely strongly for a short while 10 or 20 thousand years ago. The stars left this gas and dust behind. The irregular and random distribution of gas and dust are expanding at more than 100km/second at 2,400 light-years away from us. The high velocity makes the faint reddish arch surrounding the area like bow shock at the apex of ship. All in all, this is a supernova remnant. Thus they say.

Here is another sample of infrared bow shock in Camelopardalis:

www.flickr.com/photos/hiroc/53361264020

Equipment: Takahashi FSQ-130ED, F3 Reducer 0.6x, IDAS NB12 Dual Narrowband Filter, and EOS R-SP4II, modified by Seo San on ZWO AM5n Equatorial Mount, autoguided with Fujinon 1:2.8/75mm C-Mount Lens, Pentax x2 Extender, ZWO ASI 174MM-mini, and PHD2 Guiding

Exposure: 4 times x 900 seconds, 6 x 240 sec, and 6 x 60 seconds at ISO 6,400 and f/3.0, focal length 390mm

There encroached clouds, and exposure session got short.

site: 1,118m above sea level at lat. 38 56 39 North and long. 140 48 17 East in Iwakagami-daira on the southern slope of Mt. Kurikoma in Kurihara Miyagi 宮城県栗原市 栗駒山 いわかがみ平

Ambient temperature was around 13 degrees Celsius or 55 degrees Fahrenheit. Wind was mild.

This is a large supernova remnant, an expanding cloud of shocked gas, born of the death explosion of a massive star. Light from the original supernova explosion reached Earth over 5,000 years ago. Also known as the Cygnus Loop, the Veil Nebula now spans nearly 3 degrees or about 6 times the diameter of the full Moon in the sky.

The data for this image was gathered over a number of separate nights mid Aug to mid Sept 2011. Pleased with how this turned out, the previous cooling and shutter issues with the camera now fixed, yay! (Thanks to Terry @ SX).

Tech details below:

TMB 92ss + Borg DG-L .85x reducer @ F4.7

Mount - EQ6

Starlight Xpress SXVR-H18 @ -20 degs

QHY5 PHD guiding, guidesope Meade 127

2 pane mosaic. Each pane:

Ha - Baader 7nm

- 15x12min

O3 - Baader 8nm

- 15x12min

12 hours total

Messed about trying different colour blends a fair bit but ended up with:

Red - Ha

Green - OIII 70% Ha 30%

Blue - OIII 90% Ha 10%

Captured in Nebulosity 2

Calibration, stack and DDP in Images Plus

Curves + all other processing PS CS3

The Veil Nebula or Cygnus Loop, the remnants of a long-ago supernova explosion, among the most powerful fireworks in the universe.

Tech: 2x3 panel mosaic each 25 4 minute exposures, ZWO ASI294MC camera, Nikon 200-500mm f/5.6 lens, dual narrow-band filter (H+O), iOptron CEM25P drive, ZWO ASIAir controller. Processed with AstroPixelProcessor and Adobe Lightroom.

A small portion of Caldwell 34 is highlighted in this Hubble image, made from observations taken in 1994 and 1997. The gas and dust is impacted by shock waves as debris crashes into it at speeds close to 400,000 miles per hour.

Credit: NASA, ESA, and the Hubble Heritage (STScI/AURA)-ESA/Hubble Collaboration; Acknowledgment: J. Hester (Arizona State University)

For Hubble's Caldwell catalog website and information on how to find these objects in the night sky, visit:

www.nasa.gov/content/goddard/hubble-s-caldwell-catalog

This popular group is famous as the Leo Triplet - a gathering of three magnificent galaxies in one field of view. Crowd pleasers when imaged with even modest telescopes, these galaxies can be introduced individually as NGC 3628 (left), M66 (bottom right), and M65 (top right). All three are large spiral galaxies. They tend to look dissimilar because their galactic disks are tilted at different angles to our line of sight. NGC 3628 is seen edge-on, with obscuring dust lanes cutting across the plane of the galaxy, while the disks of M66 and M65 are both inclined enough to show off their spiral structure. Gravitational interactions between galaxies in the group have also left telltale signs, including the warped and inflated disk of NGC 3628 and the drawn out spiral arms of M66. This field covers over 500 thousand light-years at the trio's estimated distance of 30 million light-years (Credit: NASA APOD).

This image was taken in the Panamint Valley California in Feb. 2015 over 4 nights. One of the few images that I have taken at the native focal length of the scope (usually f4.1). I took the series of sub frames each night after imaging M78. The sky started to have a thin layer of clouds. The 7.1 magnitude star HD 98388 upper left of center had a larger halo which I processed out somewhat. The tail on NGC 3628 is barely visible to the lower left of the galaxy and needs more light .

Details: Televue NP127is refractor at f5.2; Atik 383L+ at -18 deg C; Orion EQ-G mount;TS OAG; Orion StarShoot guide camera. Astrodon E series LRGB filters. Luminance: 45x600s; RGB: 27/27/27x300s.

NGC6992/95 Eastern Veil Nebula -Supernova remnant.The Veil Nebula is a cloud of heated and ionized gas and dust in the constellation Cygnus..a large but relatively faint supernova remnant, a Star exploded roughly 3000 to 6000 BC, and this is the expanding gas cloud which now covers about 3 degrees of sky or roughly 6 full moons. This is only one section of the Cygnus Loop complex knwon as the Eastern Veil Nebula..Taken at Okie-Tex star Party .5.5 inch Newt. & Modified Canon Rebel Xsi, ISO 1600 .60 minute exposure

Lynd’s Bright Nebula 406 (LBN 406). This is a faint molecular cloud in Draco. Several distant galaxies can be seen in the field. The Saturn like galaxy near bottom center is a barred spiral called UGC 10548 (please mouse over the note at bottom of this page*). It lies approximately 400 million light years from earth. Details: NP127is at f4.1; Atik 383L+ at -18 deg C; Orion EQ-G mount;TS OAG; Astrodon E series LRGB filters: 12.5 hours Luminance; 140 minutes each RGB. Total exposure: 16 hours over three nights in May 2014 at Grandview near the Ancient Bristlecone Forest; Processed with Images Plus; Maxim DL; Registar; Photoshop Elements; AIP4WIN.

*If you don't see 'Notes' at the very bottom of this column, click on the tag icon. This should make 'Notes' and the galaxy designation visible and make a frame around it.

Fujifilm X-T10, Samyang 135mm f/2.0 @ f2.0, ISO 1600, 40 x 60 sec, tracking with iOptron SkyTracker Pro, stacking with DeepSkyStacker, editing in GIMP, taken July 29 under Bortle 3/4 skies.

William Optics Zenithstar 73 Apo doublet

ZwoASI2600MC Pro

Optolong L-Pro broadband filter

19-420 second subs

Deepsky stacker

Adobe Photoshop CC 2021

LRGB=6x10‘EACH, H-ALPHA, O-III, S-II=3x20‘ EACH

TELEVUE NP101 F5.4

SBIG STXL-1102

PARAMOUNT ME

UNTERWASSER, SWITZERLAND

N 47°12' 28" E 9°18'56"

Les Dentelles du Cygne (Veil Nebula)

3 Darks, 9 Offsets ; 19 Flats. Assemblage dans IRIS et cosmétique dans Photoshop CS4. Nikon D5300 modifié astro par Eos for Astro, Nikkor 70-200mm F/2.8, télécommande Twin1 ISR2 + Monture Astrotrac 320x+ filtre IDAS LPS-D1-N

Paramètres: 120s F/3.2 ISO 2000, 200mm.

Série prise le 18.6.2017

Autre traitement: www.flickr.com/photos/achrntatrps/36145429536/in/photostr...

Riprese effettuate il 15 Luglio 2024 da Ariccia Provincia di Roma

Zenith sky brightness info (2015)

SQM 19.20 mag./arc sec2

Brightness 2.25 mcd/m2

Artif. bright. 2080 μcd/m2

Ratio 12.2

Bortle class 6

Elevation 302 meters

Luna : Luna Crescente

Magnitudine visuale: -11.6

Dimensione: 0° 30' 18.4"

Illuminazione: 67.4%

Età: 9.0 giorni

Dati di scatto, Strumentazione e Software:

Telescopio : Tecnosky LUX60 60mm 360mm F/6 APO FPL53 doppietto

Fotocamera : ZWO ASI 2600MC

Montatura : Skywatcher EQ6-R Pro

Autoguida : ASI 120MMini & Svbony SV165 30mm 120mm F/4

Luci : 37x600s @100 Guadagno, -5°C, 40 Dark, 40 Flat

Acquisizione : SharpCap

Guida : PHD2

Filtri : IDAS NBZ

Elaborazione : Siril, GraXpert, Starnet++, Photoshop CC, NoiseXterminator

Autore: Carlo Mollicone

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L'anello del Cigno (Nebulosa Velo)

Il Cygnus Loop (sorgente radio W78 o Sharpless 103) o Nebulosa Velo (nota anche con le sigle del Catalogo Caldwell C33 e C34) è una vasta nebulosa diffusa visibile nella parte sudorientale della costellazione del Cigno.

La distanza della nebulosa non è nota con certezza; i dati del Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer (FUSE) indicano una distanza di circa 1.470 anni luce.

Osservazione

Questo intricato sistema di nebulose è visibile con un binocolo con obiettivi da 80-90mm o con un piccolo telescopio a patto di avere un cielo buio, meglio ancora se si utilizza un filtro (UHC, OIII): si rivela meglio nelle foto a lunga posa (persino con una camera CCD occorrono diversi minuti).

L'oggetto apparirà formato da tre delicatissimi filamenti nebulosi, disposti a formare una sorta di circonferenza.

La parte più luminosa è quella più ad est, noto come NGC 6992.

Ingrandimenti sempre maggiori rivelano che ogni filamento è in realtà costituito da una rete di altri filamenti minori, sempre più sottili.

La scoperta di quest'oggetto fu ad opera di William Herschel, che nel 1784 la descrisse così: "Estesa; passa attraverso 52 Cygni... circa 2 gradi di lunghezza"; la parte occidentale della nebulosa ha una descrizione a sé: "Nebulosità ramificata... La parte seguente si divide in alcune correnti riunite ancora verso sud."

Caratteristiche

La nebulosa è un antico resto di supernova; la stella che ha originato quest'oggetto è esplosa diversi millenni fa.

Al momento dell'esplosione, la supernova sarebbe apparsa più luminosa di Venere nel cielo e visibile durante il giorno.

Ciò che ora è visibile sono dei debolissimi filamenti, ancora in espansione alla velocità di decine di km/s; nelle foto a lunga posa o con un CCD si distinguono diversi filamenti disposti in tre gruppi principali: il più ad ovest è quello di NGC 6960 (C34), in direzione della brillante stella 52 Cygni; il secondo, poco più ad est, è formato dalle nebulose NGC 6974 e NGC 6979, disposto con la concavità ad est come il precedente; l'ultimo, ad est, è formato dalle sezioni NGC 6992 (C33) e NGC 6995 (ai quali si aggiunge IC 1340), orientato in modo speculare rispetto agli altri due.

Questa parte è conosciuta pure come Nebulosa Rete (Inglese Network).

Si pensa che nel giro di pochi millenni questa "meraviglia" del cielo boreale scomparirà, perché ad una grande velocità di espansione corrisponde pure un elevato indice di dispersione della sua materia, che presto esaurirà la sua energia ricevuta durante l'esplosione, e si disperderà nel mezzo interstellare, "quasi" senza lasciare traccia.

Componenti della struttura in dettaglio

Nell'uso moderno, i nomi Nebulosa Velo, Nebulosa Cirri e Nebulosa Filamentaria si riferiscono generalmente a tutta la struttura visibile del residuo, o persino all'intero anello stesso.

La struttura è così grande che diversi numeri NGC sono stati assegnati a vari archi della nebulosa.

Ci sono tre componenti visive principali:

Il Velo Occidentale (noto anche come Caldwell 34), costituito da NGC 6960 (la "Scopa della Strega", Nebulosa Merletto, "Nebulosa Filamentaria") vicino alla stella in primo piano 52 Cygni;

Il Velo Orientale (noto anche come Caldwell 33), la cui area più luminosa è NGC 6992, che si estende più a sud in NGC 6995 (insieme a NGC 6992 nota anche come "Nebulosa Rete") e IC 1340;

Il Triangolo di Pickering (o Wisp triangolare di Pickering ), più luminoso sul bordo centro-settentrionale dell'anello, ma visibile nelle fotografie che proseguono verso la zona centrale dell'anello.

NGC 6974 e NGC 6979 sono nodi luminosi in una zona di nebulosità più debole sul bordo settentrionale tra NGC 6992 e il Triangolo di Pickering.

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Once upon a time there were one or two massive stars in the direction of constellation Cygnus. They exploded badly and shined extremely strongly for a short while 10 or 20 thousand years ago. The stars left this gas and dust behind. The irregular and random distribution of gas and dust are expanding at more than 100km/second at 2,400 light-years away from us. The high velocity makes the faint reddish arch surrounding the area like bow shock at the apex of ship. All in all, this is a supernova remnant. Thus they say.

Here is another sample of infrared bow shock in Camelopardalis:

www.flickr.com/photos/hiroc/53361264020

Equipment: Takahashi FSQ-130ED, F3 Reducer 0.6x, IDAS NB12 Dual Narrowband Filter, and EOS R-SP4II, modified by Seo San on ZWO AM5n Equatorial Mount, autoguided with Fujinon 1:2.8/75mm C-Mount Lens, Pentax x2 Extender, ZWO ASI 174MM-mini, and PHD2 Guiding

Exposure: 4 times x 900 seconds, 6 x 240 sec, and 6 x 60 seconds at ISO 6,400 and f/3.0, focal length 390mm

There encroached clouds, and exposure session got short.

site: 1,118m above sea level at lat. 38 56 39 North and long. 140 48 17 East in Iwakagami-daira on the southern slope of Mt. Kurikoma in Kurihara Miyagi 宮城県栗原市 栗駒山 いわかがみ平

Ambient temperature was around 13 degrees Celsius or 55 degrees Fahrenheit. Wind was mild.

NGC 6992, NGC 6995, Caldwell 33. Taken between 6th and 7th September 2021 in HOO.

The Eastern Veil consists of thae long thin area at the top and the network nebula at the bottom which kind off looks like a deckchair. This is part of the Cygnus Loop which is a supernova remnant. The source supernova was a star 20 times more massive than the Sun, and it exploded between 10,000 and 20,000 years ago. It is about 2,400 light-years away. From a dark sky site this can be seen in binoculars as a long, curving hazy streak of light near cygnus which in the early UK autumn is directly above us in the evening. From a dark sky site this can be seen in binoculars from a dark site as a long, curving hazy streak of light near cygnus which in the early UK autumn is directly above us in the evening.

H: - 20 x 300s (1 hour 40 mins)

O: - 20 x 300s (1 hour 40 mins)

Total Integration = 3 hours 20 minutes.

Flats taken with a PURElite CFPL22 Ultra-Thin LED Light Box. Used library darks and dark flats.

Telescope: - Skywatcher 130PDS Newtonian. Flocked with the shiny parts painted matt black. Additional camping mat protection from dew. Focuser upgraded with a ZWO EAF (Electronic Auto Focuser)

Camera : - ZWO ASI294MM with a ZWO 1.25” Electronic Filter Wheel

Filters:- Baader Mark-III MPCC Coma Corrector. Baader 8nm S, 7nm Ha and 8.5nm OIII narrowband.

Mount: - Skywatcher EQ6R.

Guiding: Skywatcher EvoGuide 50ED & ZWO ASI120MM-Mini.

Controlled by an ASIAir.

Processing Software: Stacked in Deep Sky Stacker and edited in Star Tools.

Moon: Pretty much new.

Light Pollution and Location: - Bortle 7/8 in Davyhulme, Manchester. Different websites tell me different things about this. It all depends on the time of night and which way I am pointing.

Weather: - A rare full night of clear skies on the 7th with a few clouds on the 6th.

Notes: I stupidly decided to try and try using the Asiair to take some videos of planets half way through this project. This caused a significant difference in the angle of my subs on night 1 to night 2. This meant I have had to dramatically crop the picture even leaving some bits off at the edges which is never good.

Having a baby that is on the go all the time has limited my time available to do this hobby and it has taken me a few weeks to get to this point.

This image contains NGC 1333 (mouse over center) as well as reflection nebulae Vdb 12 (upper right) and Vdb 13 (lower right). The lower right part of this frame (LDN1448S), can be found in my other image "Van Den Bergh 16, Barnard 202, 203, 204" Go there

Details: NP127is at f 4.1 (using NPR-1073 0.8X reducer) See Scope ; Atik 383L+ at -18 deg C; Orion EQ-G mount;TS OAG; Astrodon E series LRGB filters. Exposure: 9 hours Luminance; 75 min each RGB. All LRGB binned 2x2. Total exposure ~ 12.5 hours. Taken near Lone Pine, Ca. November 2013. This location was at Tuttle Creek Campground, which was very pleasant except for my allergy caused by Rabbit Brush. **

Now that summer has arrived, and galaxy season is ending, we thought it would be refreshing to image a nebula. So we pointed the telescope at Cygnus and chose a supernova remnant, the East Veil Nebula, as a target. Despite the weather forecasts predicting a clear night, it was fairly cloudy at the beginning and the sky didn't start to clear until after midnight. Consequently, the first few shots were of lower quality but as the night progressed the quality improved until the sky started to lighten with the approaching dawn.

The Eastern Veil Nebula (also known as NGC 6992 and Caldwell 33). This a just a portion of a huge supernova remnant 2,400 light-years away in the constellation Cygnus. The entire object is known as the Veil Nebula or the Cygnus Loop. The source supernova was a star 20 times more massive than the Sun which exploded between 10,000 and 20,000 years ago. At the time of the explosion, the supernova would have appeared brighter than Venus in the sky, and visible in the daytime. The remnants have since expanded to cover an area of the sky roughly 3 degrees in diameter (about 6 times the diameter, and 36 times the area, of the full Moon). The cloud of heated and ionized gas and dust of the Veil Nebula is expanding at a velocity of about 1.5 million kilometers per hour. Analysis of the emissions from the nebula indicates the presence of oxygen, sulfur, and hydrogen. The Cygnus Loop is also a strong emitter of radio waves and x-rays.

31/05/2021

031 x 300-second exposures at Unity Gain (139) cooled to -20°C

050 x dark frames

035 x flat frames

100 x bias frames

Binning 1x1

Total integration time = 2 hours and 35 minutes

Captured with APT

Guided with PHD2

Processed in Nebulosity and Photoshop

Equipment:

Telescope: Sky-Watcher Explorer-150PDS

Mount: Skywatcher EQ5

Guide Scope: Orion 50mm Mini

Guiding Camera: ZWO ASI120MC

Imaging Camera: ZWO ASI1600MC Pro with anti-dew heater

Baader Mark-III MPCC Coma Corrector

Optolong L-Pro filter

A long, long time ago, a star exploded in a supernova, and what we see is all that's left of it: gas clouds drifting apart until one day, a long long time from now, they will have dissipated

back into the void.

This is the Cygnus Loop, including the Veil Nebula.

Imaged over four separate nights, totaling five hours and 47 minutes of data, from my balcony in "basically downtown" Montreal.

167 x 60s Baader UHC-S filter

110 x 48s Baader UHC-S filter

92 x 60s Baader Neodymium filter

Olympus Pen-F Digital

Askar FMA180

Unguided on a Sky Watcher Star Adventurer 2i

Nebuleuse du voile dans la constellation du cygne. Aussi appellée dentelles du cygne, c'est un remanent de supernova. Ce magnifique nuage de gaz retansmet les couleurs rouges (H-alpha) et du bleue/vert (O III).

La photo a été prise à Pichauris dans le sud de la france qui se trouve être malheureusement très pollué par les lumières de Marseille.

Cette photo est un compositage de 40 expositions entre 40 secondes et 2 minutes 30.

Le traitement a été réalisé avec PixInsight.

NGC 6960, NGC 6992, NGC 6995, IC 1340

Two panel bi color NB mosaic of the Cygnus Loop/Veil Complex in the constellation Cygnus.

Stellarvue SV80ST-25SV F6

SFF7-21

CGE Pro

QSI683WSG-8 @ -15 C

Baader filters 1.25

18 x 10 min Ha each panel

18 x 10 min OIII each panel

Red = Ha

Grn = 10 % Ha + 90 % OIII

Blu = OIII

Guided by PHD & Sti via OAG with dithering.

Captured with Nebulosity 3 on 07/08, 07/09, 07/10. 07/12 2013

Processed by Pixinsight, and Photoshop.

Edited Hubble Space Telescope image of part of the Cygnus Loop, a relatively close-by supernova remnant, taken in 2020.

NGC 6992, NGC 6995, Caldwell 33. Taken between 6th and7th September 2021 in SHO.

The Eastern Veil consists of the long thin area at the top and the network nebula at the bottom which kind off looks like a deckchair. This is part of the Cygnus Loop which is a supernova remnant. The source supernova was a star 20 times more massive than the Sun, and it exploded between 10,000 and 20,000 years ago. It is about 2,400 light-years away. From a dark sky site this can be seen in binoculars as a long, curving hazy streak of light near cygnus which in the early UK autumn is directly above us in the evening. From a dark sky site this can be seen in binoculars from a dark site as a long, curving hazy streak of light near cygnus which in the early UK autumn is directly above us in the evening.

S: - 20 x 300s (1 hour 40 mins)

H: - 20 x 300s (1 hour 40 mins)

O: - 20 x 300s (1 hour 40 mins)

Total Integration = 5 hours.

Flats taken with a PURElite CFPL22 Ultra-Thin LED Light Box. Used library darks and dark flats.

Telescope: - Skywatcher 130PDS Newtonian. Flocked with the shiny parts painted matt black. Additional camping mat protection from dew. Focuser upgraded with a ZWO EAF (Electronic Auto Focuser)

Camera : - ZWO ASI294MM with a ZWO 1.25” Electronic Filter Wheel

Filters:- Baader Mark-III MPCC Coma Corrector. Baader 8nm S, 7nm Ha and 8.5nm OIII narrowband.

Mount: - Skywatcher EQ6R.

Guiding: Skywatcher EvoGuide 50ED & ZWO ASI120MM-Mini.

Controlled by an ASIAir.

Processing Software: Stacked in Deep Sky Stacker and edited in Star Tools.

Moon: Pretty much new.

Light Pollution and Location: - Bortle 7/8 in Davyhulme, Manchester. Different websites tell me different things about this. It all depends on the time of night and which way I am pointing.

Weather: - A rare full night of clear skies on the 7th with a few clouds on the 6th.

Notes: I stupidly decided to try and try using the Asiair to take some videos of planets half way through this project. This caused a significant difference in the angle of my subs on night 1 to night 2. This meant I have had to dramatically crop the picture even leaving some bits off at the edges which is never good.

This SHO image is my first go at using “The Hubble Pallet” and the first time I have tried using the S filter.

Having a baby that is on the go all the time has limited my time available to do this hobby and it has taken me a few weeks to get to this point. I did a quick run through of this on Star Tools a couple of weeks ago, then had a few more goes to get rid of the noise but in the end decided that the one done a couple of weeks ago was my favourite edit.

H-alpha: 228x120s - 7hr 36min

[O III]: 147x120s - 4hr 54min

Taken in Los Angeles,CA

@LeftyAstro IG, Twttr, Astrobin, Reddit.